loTonmcodneobis safuZvlebi damwyebTaTvis

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cia gamodis kristalis zedapirze, rac gamoiwvevs misi erTi nawilis da- Zvras meoris mimarT, anu plastikur deformacias. es procesi sqematurad warmodgenilia me-4 naxazze. mniSvnelovani plastikuri deformaciisaTvis aucilebelia liTonis erTi nawilis dacureba meoris mimarT didi raodenobis dislokaciebiT ganxorcieldes. amgvarad, realuri agebulebis liTonis deformaciisaTvis da, sa- boloo jamSi, misi mTlianobis darRvevisaTvis, aucilebelia ara mTeli atomuri sibrtyis daZvra an mowyveta, aramed mxolod dislokaciis gada- adgileba, romlis amoZravebasac umniSvnelo Zala esaWiroeba. aRniSnulma Sedegma sul sxvagvarad daayena sakiTxi liTonis simtkicis Semdgomi ama- Rlebis perspeqtivebis Sesaxeb. marTlac, radgan liTonis realuri simtkicis dabali maxasiaTeblebis ZiriTadi mizezi dislokaciis advilad gadaadgilebis unaria, simtkicis asamaRleblad ori ZiriTadi mimarTule- ba ikveTeba: 1. aradislokaciuri struqturis mqone kristalis Seqmna; 2. liTonSi dislokaciis gadaadgilebis unaris Semcireba, anu dislokaciis damuxruWeba. 6. ùlvaSa~ kristalebi jer kidev meore msoflio omis periodSi SeamCnies, rom eleqtro- nuli aparatura, kondensatorebi da zRvis kabelebi mwyobridan gamodio- da yovelgvari xiluli mizezebis gareSe. bevri Tavsatexi gadaitanes mec- nierebma am gamocanis amocnobaSi. bolos dadginda, rom avarias iwvevda kalis uwvrilesi, Zafisebri kristalebi, romlebic im adgilebSi izrde- boda, sadac foladis konstruqciis ubnebi kaliT iyo dafaruli. avariis mizezis asaxsnelad saWiro gaxda aRniSnuli uwvrilesi 29
kristalebis zrdis pirobebisa da maTi Tvisebebis Seswavla. radgan gareg- nulad kalis kristalebis warmonaqmnebi ulvaSis bewvs waagavda, maT ùlvaSa~ kristalebi uwodes. mkvlevarebi didad gaakvirva im faqtma, rom swored ùlvaSa~ kristalebi aRmoCnda is aradislokaciuri struqturis mqone monokristali, romlis Seqmniskenac ase miiswrafvodnen mecnierebi. ùlvaSa~, anu Zafisebri kristalebi jer kidev 200 wlis win iyo cnobili. mas, ubralod, yuradRebas aravin ar aqcevda. axla ki aRmoCnda, rom es uTvalado, Seuxedavi kristalebi xasiaTdebian WeSmaritad gansa- cvifrebeli TvisebebiT: maTi kuTri simtkice mniSvnelovnad aRemateba igive masalisagan, magram Cveulebrivi xerxiT miRebuli nimuSis simtkices da uaxlovdeba Teoriuls. es ganpirobebulia ara mxolod aradislokaciuri, srulyofili, udefeqto struqturiT, aramed zedapiris idealu- rad gluvi agebulebiTac, rac kristalis miniaturuli zomebiT unda iyos ganpirobebuli. 40000-jer gadidebis SemTxvevaSic ki ver moxerxda kristalis zedapirze raime simqisis (xorklianobis) aRmoCena. Cveulebri- vi xerxiT miRebuli kristalebi ki daserilia uamravi defeqtiT, rac ngrevis keras warmoadgens. aradislokaciuri struqturis mqone araorganuli kristalebis praqtikuli gamoyeneba ukve dawyebulia. safironis an grafitis ùlva- Sa~KkristalebiT armirebuli liTonebis simtkice idealuris erT mesa- meds aRwevs. es cota ar aris. aseTi masalebis gamoyenebiT amzadeben air- turbinuli Zravebis TaTebs da raketis mxurvalmtkice detalebs. 7. liTonis medegoba Cven araerTxel aRvniSneT xazgasmiT, rom defeqtebi asusteben li- Tons, magram aqve ismis kiTxva: ratom ar sustdeba, aramed piriqiT, matu- lobs kidec simtkice plastikuri deformaciis Semdeg? aseTi damuSave- ba xom zrdis defeqtebs liTonSi? saqme imaSia, rom simtkiceze moqmedebs ara mxolod dislokaciebis ricxvi, aramed maTi Zvradobis, anu gadaadgilebis unaric. amitom is defeqtebi, romlebic amuxruWeben dislokaciis gadaadgilebas, ganapirobe- ben liTonis ganmtkicebasac. rodesac moZravi dislokacia miexleba da- brkolebas, magaliTad, ucxo minarevs, igi an damuxruWdeba, an moZraobas 30
Page 1 and 2: m. oqrosaSvili loTonmcodneobis safu
Page 3 and 4: popularul literaturaze dayrdnobiT g
Page 5 and 6: 1. liToni yvelgan Cvens saukunes zo
Page 7 and 8: safuZvels iZleva vivaraudoT, rom li
Page 9 and 10: vilsa da narTs. spilenZi, rogorc ma
Page 11 and 12: jaos warmoebis aTviseba iTvleba. ma
Page 13 and 14: libebis, mosinikebisa da tibarenebi
Page 15 and 16: liveris (samxreT amerikis gmiri) da
Page 17 and 18: nobebic, romlebsac ufro rTuli agebu
Page 19 and 20: lebi. avtomobiliT dRes veravis gaak
Page 21 and 22: li yofila misi meqanikuri Tvisebebi
Page 23 and 24: Si moculobis 74% atomebiT aris Sevs
Page 25 and 26: gankuTvnili adgilebis dakavebas da
Page 27 and 28: tali sakuTari Canasaxidan, anu cent
Page 29: moCnda realur simtkicesTan Sedarebi
Page 33 and 34: cisa da medegobis Sesaxeb yvela Sem
Page 35 and 36: nobebs. TiToeuli jgufis folads gans
Page 37 and 38: sazRvra 1650 0 C-iT, 1935 wels - 14
Page 39 and 40: vizorebi da mravali sxva mowyobilob
Page 41 and 42: vina, radgan SeeSinda, axal liTons
Page 43 and 44: ulati aris saxelganTqmuli foladi, r
Page 45 and 46: iTvaliswinebs namzadis miRebas tige
Page 47 and 48: medicinis istoriaSi cnobilia erTi s
Page 49 and 50: wliurad msoflioSi awarmoeben milion
Page 51 and 52: yoyoCda. ruxi Tujis winaSe ise daiw
Page 53 and 54: nand TavaZis xelmZRvanelobiT jer ki
Page 55 and 56: dili javSnis simtkicesa da Wurvis j
Page 57 and 58: Tavdapirvelad Zvirfas gamocdilebas
Page 59 and 60: ebas, magram siblantisa da plastiku
Page 61 and 62: ebiT axali mxurvalmtkice masalebis
Page 63 and 64: mkvlevars, Aalfred vilms gaumarTla.
Page 65 and 66: wyalbadi friad perspeqtiul saavtomo
Page 67 and 68: sxva tipis TviTmfrinavebis warmoeba
Page 69 and 70: Jangbadis narevi aluminTan iZleva 7
Page 71 and 72: 17. Zneldnobadi liTonebi da Senadno
Page 73 and 74: marcvlis sazRvrebSi da auareseben f
Page 75 and 76: taqtebi srulad gamodis mwyobridan r
Page 77 and 78: liTad, atomuri Jangbadis molekulad
Page 79 and 80: mis mcire danamatebi mniSvnelovnad
Page 81 and 82:
cxliswyals. am raodenobis TiTqmis n
Page 83 and 84:
adgilas. es mxolod dasawyisia. mikr
Page 85 and 86:
evrad ufro metia Toriumis, titanis,
Page 87 and 88:
is momentSi antena kompaqturad aris
Page 89 and 90:
Rali energiis kavSiris Zalebi. nivT
Page 91 and 92:
s a r C e v i Sesavali . . . . . .
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loTonmcodneobis safuZvlebi damwyebTaTvis

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