IXklasis
IXklasis IXklasis
8 ras udris naxSirorJangis moculoba (n.p), romelic warmoiqmneba 0,25 kg marmarilos daSliT, Tu igi 96% kalciumis karbonats Seicavs. 9 malaqiti bunebrivi mineralia, romelsac saiuveliro nakeTobebis dasamzadadeblad Cu (OH) CO – malaqiti 2 2 3 iyeneben. nakeToba miT ufro Zvirfasia, rac ufro sufTaa malaqiti. 22,3 g malaqitis daSliT gamoiyo 2,24 l naxSirbad (IV)-is oqsidi (n.p.). sufTa iyo Tu ara malaqiti? 10 laboratoriaSi Jangbads Rebuloben kaliumis permanganatis daSliT. ra moculobis Jangbads miiReben 31,6 g kaliumis permanganatis (KMnO 4 ) daSlisas (n.p)? 2KMnO4 → K2MnO4+MnO2+O2. 11 ra moculobis wyalbadi daiwveba srulad 1 l haerSi (n.p)? 12 xsnars, romelic 18,8 g spilenZis nitrats Seicavda, daamates 30 g rkinis naqlibi. ras udris spilenZis masa, romelic reaqciis Sedegad miiReba? 13 gTavazobT reaqciis tolobas H O+SO → H SO 2 2 2 3 plastilinis burTulebis gamoyenebiT daamzadeT wylisa da gogird(IV)-is oqsidis molekulebis modelebi. SeecadeT, rom orive molekulis modeli gardaqmnaT maTi urTierTqmedebis Sedegad miRebuli nivTierebis, gogirdovani mJavas molekulis modelad. daasabuTeT, rom qimiuri reaqciis dros masa ar icvleba. 27
28 eqsperimentuli samuSao reaqciis produqtis gamosavlianobis gansazRvra gansazRvreT kalciumis wyalTan urTierTqmedebis Sedegad gamoyofili wyalbadis gamosavlianoba (sur. 1.3). 1) aawyveT xelsawyo, romliTac SesaZlebelia airadi nivTierebis miReba da Segroveba. 2) awoneT kalciumis nimuSi. CainiSneT masa. 3) reaqciis tolobis mixedviT iangariSeT, ra moculobis wyalbadi gamoiyofa Teoriulad. es iqneba V H2 (Teoriuli). 2) moaTavseT kalciumis awonili nimuSi sinjaraSi da daasxiT wyali im raodenobiT, rom Ca mTlianad Sevides reaqciaSi (wylis saWiro raodenoba gamoiangariSeT reaqciis tolobis mixedviT da sareaqciod aiReT Warbad). 3) airgamyvani milis bolo moaTav seT wyliT savse sazom cilindrSi, romelic, Tavis mxriv, wylian kristali zatorSia Capi r qvavebuli. 4) daelodeT reaqciis damTav rebas. airis buStebis gamoyofis Sewyvetis Semdeg ise, rom wylidan ar amoiRoT, sazomi cilindri moaTa vseT vertikalurad da wylis donis niSnulis mixedviT daadgineT gamoyofili wyalbadis moculoba. sinjara es iqneba praqtikulad gamoyofili kristalizatori wyalbadis moculoba V (praqtikuli). H2 sur. 1.3 wyalbadis miReba da Segroveba 5) iangariSeT wyalbadis gamosa vli anoba formuliT: axseniT, ratom ar emTxveva praqtikuli Sedegi Teoriuls. Ca H 2 O airgamyvani mili sazomi cilindri H 2 O H 2 O H 2
- Page 1 and 2: IXklasis saxelmZRvanelo
- Page 3 and 4: manana vardiaSvili qimia IX inteleq
- Page 5 and 6: 4 4.4 ra aris navTobi ... .........
- Page 7 and 8: 6 I Tavi raodenobrivi gaangariSebeb
- Page 9 and 10: 8 marTlac, am amocanis gadasaWrelad
- Page 11 and 12: 10 1.2 moluri masa 1 moli naxSirbad
- Page 13 and 14: 12 1.3 airad nivTierebebs Soris mim
- Page 15 and 16: 14 1.4 airis moluri moculoba daikav
- Page 17 and 18: 16 1.5 romeli airia ufro mZime ra d
- Page 19 and 20: 18 • 5 muyaosagan daamzadeT molur
- Page 21 and 22: 20 cxadia gveTanxmebiT, rom reaq ci
- Page 23 and 24: 22 proeqti `puri da orcxobila~ Temi
- Page 25 and 26: 24 amocana gansazRvreT Jangbadisa d
- Page 27: 26 wyalbads, amitom 1 moli wyalbadi
- Page 31 and 32: 30 # romel gverdzea Tqvens samuSao
28<br />
eqsperimentuli samuSao<br />
reaqciis produqtis gamosavlianobis gansazRvra<br />
gansazRvreT kalciumis wyalTan urTierTqmedebis Sedegad gamoyofili<br />
wyalbadis gamosavlianoba (sur. 1.3).<br />
1) aawyveT xelsawyo, romliTac SesaZlebelia airadi nivTierebis miReba da<br />
Segroveba.<br />
2) awoneT kalciumis nimuSi. CainiSneT masa.<br />
3) reaqciis tolobis mixedviT iangariSeT, ra moculobis wyalbadi gamoiyofa<br />
Teoriulad. es iqneba V H2 (Teoriuli).<br />
2) moaTavseT kalciumis awonili nimuSi sinjaraSi da daasxiT wyali im<br />
raodenobiT, rom Ca mTlianad Sevides reaqciaSi (wylis saWiro raodenoba<br />
gamoiangariSeT reaqciis tolobis mixedviT da sareaqciod aiReT Warbad).<br />
3) airgamyvani milis bolo moaTav seT wyliT savse sazom cilindrSi, romelic,<br />
Tavis mxriv, wylian kristali zatorSia Capi r qvavebuli.<br />
4) daelodeT reaqciis damTav rebas.<br />
airis buStebis gamoyofis Sewyvetis<br />
Semdeg ise, rom wylidan ar amoiRoT,<br />
sazomi cilindri moaTa vseT vertikalurad<br />
da wylis donis niSnulis mixedviT<br />
daadgineT gamoyofili wyalbadis<br />
moculoba.<br />
sinjara<br />
es iqneba praqtikulad gamoyofili<br />
kristalizatori<br />
wyalbadis moculoba V (praqtikuli).<br />
H2<br />
sur. 1.3 wyalbadis miReba da Segroveba<br />
5) iangariSeT wyalbadis gamosa vli anoba formuliT:<br />
axseniT, ratom ar emTxveva praqtikuli Sedegi Teoriuls.<br />
Ca<br />
H 2 O<br />
airgamyvani<br />
mili sazomi<br />
cilindri<br />
H 2 O<br />
H 2 O<br />
H 2
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