ena, mamuli, sarwmunoeba qalaq sagarejos toponimebi
ena, mamuli, sarwmunoeba qalaq sagarejos toponimebi
ena, mamuli, sarwmunoeba qalaq sagarejos toponimebi
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<strong>ena</strong>, <strong>mamuli</strong>, <strong>sarwmunoeba</strong><br />
garejelebi<br />
gazeT `garejis macnes~ damateba #3. agvisto, 2012w.<br />
<strong>qalaq</strong> <strong>sagarejos</strong> <strong>toponimebi</strong>
garejelebi #3, agvisto, 2012w<br />
Zvirfaso sagarejoelebo!<br />
samSoblo, Cveni miwa_wylidan iwyeba. swored iqidan,<br />
sadac davibadeT, gavizardeT da CamovyalibdiT srulfasovan<br />
adamianebad_amis Sexseneba aravis sWirdeba.<br />
yoveldRiuri sazrunav_safiqrali dros aRar gvitovebs_<br />
mimovixedoT irgvliv, davtkbeT mSobliuri garemos<br />
lamaz_lamazi xedebiT, Cvens Svilebs, SviliSvilebs gavacnoT,<br />
avuxsnaT, Taviseburad SevayvaroT is adgilebi,<br />
romelTac aq odesRac Tu axla mcxovrebma adamianebma<br />
Sesaferisi, iqneb mosaferebeli saxelebic Searqva. modiT,<br />
mimovixedoT dakvirvebuli TvaliT irgvliv, gavixsenoT<br />
am mTis saxeli, romelic amayad dahyurebs da darajad udgas<br />
CrdiloeTis qarebisgan dasacavad <strong>sagarejos</strong>, im baraqiani<br />
zvris, sadac qarTveli eris uZlevelobisa da ukvdavebis<br />
simbolo vazi xarobs, im saxelganTqmuli, gemrieli<br />
wyaroebis, romliTac garejelebi Tavs viwonebT erTmaneTTan<br />
da stumrebTan, im tyeebis, romlebic sicxe_papanaqebaSi<br />
gvifaravs xvatisagan, im goris, romelic uamrav<br />
saidumlos, sagmiro_sasaxelo ambebs inaxavs Cveni winaprebisas<br />
da vuTxraT Cvens Svilebs, SviliSvilebs: sabas,<br />
lukas, daviTs, ratis, daCis, giorgis, nikolozs, zurabs,<br />
erekles, cotnes, Tornikes, salomes, Tamars, ninos, mariams,<br />
anas, rom es mTac da es mindoric, es tyec da es velic,<br />
es gorac da es nasoflaric maTia, maTi marC<strong>ena</strong>li<br />
da maTive sapatronebeli...<br />
maS, ase, dRes am Jurnalis furclebze gTavazobT mxolod<br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong>_2012wels iubilari <strong>qalaq</strong>is teritoriaze<br />
arsebul toponimebs, romlebic didi rudunebiT,<br />
TiTqmis 70 wliani mZime, Sromatevadi saqmianobiT Cvenma<br />
Tanamemamulem, istorikosma, Jurnalistma, sazogado<br />
moRvawem da yovelive qarTulis, saqarTvelos , <strong>sagarejos</strong><br />
didma gulSematkivarma da Wirisufalma batonma<br />
aleqsandre elerdaSvilma Segvigrova, Semogvinaxa da<br />
sixaruliT mogvawoda, risTvisac Cveni Jurnalis mkiTxvelis<br />
saxeliT did madlobas vuxdiT.<br />
Zvirfaso mkiTxvelo, am patara JurnalSi Tu srulad<br />
ver avsaxeT <strong>qalaq</strong>is <strong>toponimebi</strong> bodiSs mogixdiT da<br />
amasTan erTad didi siamovnebiT gelodebiT redaqciaSi<br />
sasaubrod da Tqveneuli versiebis, variantebis mosasm<strong>ena</strong>d<br />
da SemdgomSi gamosaqveyneblad.<br />
veliT Tqvens gamoxmaurebebs.<br />
redaqcia<br />
Jurnalis gamomcemeli Sps `garejis macne~<br />
redaqciis misamarTi: q. sagarejo<br />
d. aRmaSeneblis q. # 15<br />
Jurnali aiwyo da dakabadonda S.p.s. `garejis<br />
macneSi~<br />
daibeWda TbilisSi, gamomcemloba `kolorSi~.<br />
telefonebi: 24-32-07 599 502 842<br />
577 951 488<br />
aleqsandre elerdaSvili<br />
redaqtori:<br />
TinaTin ilauri<br />
3<br />
mwerali da sazogado moRvawe<br />
aleqsandre elerdaSvili daibada<br />
1928 wels sof. paterZeulSi. igi Tavisi<br />
mSoblebis meTerTmete Svili iyo.<br />
patarZeulis saSualo skolis dam-<br />
Tavrebis Semdeg swavla Tbilisis<br />
saxelmwifo universitetis aRmosavleTmcodneobis<br />
fakultetze, saer-<br />
TaSoriso ganyofilebis ganxriT<br />
gaagrZela, romelic 1954 wels daam-<br />
Tavra.<br />
sxvadasxva dros batoni aleqsandre<br />
muSaobda partiul da sameurneo<br />
samsaxurebSi. iyo rionuli<br />
gazeT “stalinuri sityvis” redaqtoris<br />
moadgile, partraikomis agitacia_propagandis<br />
ganyofilebis gamge,<br />
raionuli gazeTis “ivris ganTiadis”<br />
redaqtori, ganaTlebis raionuli ganyofilebis<br />
gamge da sxv.<br />
mas damsaxurebulad aqvs miniWebuli<br />
saqarTvelos kulturis damsaxurebuli<br />
muSakis wodeba, respublikis<br />
damsaxurebuli bibliofilis<br />
(mwignobris) sapatio saxeli.<br />
batoni aleqsandre sami wignisa da<br />
aTasobiT istoriul-literatoruli<br />
gamokvlevis avtoria, zemdgomi organoebis<br />
mier dajildoebulia uamravi<br />
medliT, sigeliT da sxva wamaxalisebeli<br />
saCuqrebiT.<br />
miuxedavad Rrma moxucebulobisa,<br />
batoni aleqsandre axlac nayofierad<br />
moRvaweobs raionis sazogadoebriv<br />
cxovrebaSi.
4<br />
saTivara<br />
Jati<br />
meliqauri<br />
tye vake<br />
saToneebi<br />
nasoflari:<br />
adgili:<br />
kokonauri<br />
kostafe<br />
platina<br />
mosacuri<br />
xatikaklebi<br />
namZvlevebi<br />
azarianTnawisqvilari<br />
jabadrianTnawisqvilari<br />
wawniasnawisqvilari<br />
foladanTnawisqvilari<br />
marixanTnawisqvilari<br />
saberZneTi<br />
naomari<br />
zvari<br />
golgoTebi<br />
satacurxeviani<br />
saaRalo<br />
futkrisxevi<br />
yazaxa<br />
yazaniani<br />
witian gora<br />
vake ubani<br />
vaSliani<br />
naomargora<br />
Suagori<br />
koSkisgora<br />
wopwopinagora<br />
fanozianTgora<br />
petre_pavlesgora<br />
meligora<br />
mindori:<br />
gora:<br />
garejelebi #3, agvisto, 2012w<br />
<strong>qalaq</strong>is teritoriaze gavrcelebuli <strong>toponimebi</strong><br />
civi<br />
elias mTa<br />
beberi klde<br />
lolos tinebi<br />
saTave<br />
daTvis sacxvere<br />
saToneebi<br />
saxoxbis Wala<br />
ivris Wala<br />
mTa:<br />
klde:<br />
tye:<br />
Wala:<br />
wyaro:<br />
papalas wyaro<br />
maxias wyaro<br />
kodis wyaro<br />
TuSis wyali<br />
mdinare:<br />
TvalTxevi<br />
wiflisxevi<br />
tikiaura<br />
Rele<br />
lekiaura<br />
dasaxleba:<br />
gaRmaubani<br />
qurxulianTubani<br />
qvliviZianTubani<br />
foresubani<br />
esaianTubani<br />
ilaurianTubani<br />
kuWuanTubani<br />
koxtanTubani<br />
dodosubani<br />
somxis ubani<br />
kopromaanT ubani<br />
qurdaanT ubani
garejelebi #3, agvisto, 2012w<br />
toponimika berZnuli warmo-<br />
Sobis sityvaa da qarTulad<br />
niSnavs adgilis saxelwodebas, anu<br />
qarTulad ‘adgilis dedas~. yvela<br />
geografiul saxelwodebas aqvs Tavisi<br />
istoria, Tanac _ saxelovani<br />
istoria, riTac amayobs. aseT toponims,<br />
‘adgilis dedas~ warmoadgens<br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong> da giorgiwmindis<br />
gzasayarze agaraki da <strong>mamuli</strong> ‘kokonauri~,<br />
romelic amJamad mTlianad<br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong> sazRvrebSia moqceuli.<br />
dRevandeli ‘kokonauri~ mdebareobs<br />
<strong>qalaq</strong> <strong>sagarejos</strong> samxreTaRmosavleTiT<br />
da misi sazRvrebia<br />
CrdiloeTiT kaxeTis mTavari saavtomobilo<br />
gzatkecili, restoran<br />
‘saxalxo saxlidan~ ‘alinjamde~,<br />
aRmosavleTiT sadguris dasaxlebamde,<br />
dasavleTiT restoran ‘saxalxo<br />
saxlidan~ adgil ‘kostafemde~<br />
da aseve q. <strong>sagarejos</strong> kaxeTis<br />
rkinigzis dasaxlebamde; samxreTiT<br />
rkinigzis sadguris dasaxlebamde<br />
da adgil ‘nasadgomaris~ dasaxlebamde.<br />
‘kokonauri~ gasuli saukunis<br />
60-ian wlebamde Cveulebriv agarak-mamuls<br />
warmoadgenda, sadac<br />
sagarejoel da giorgiwmindelebs<br />
v<strong>ena</strong>xebi da baR-bostnebi hqondaT<br />
gaSenebuli, xolo mas Semdeg, rac<br />
daba sagarejo 1962 wlis bolos<br />
respublikuri daqvemdebarebis <strong>qalaq</strong>ad<br />
gadaiqca, agarak ‘kokonauris~<br />
cxovrebaSic axali era daiwyo. mas<br />
Semdeg, rac sagarejo jer soflidan<br />
dabad gadakeTda 1954 wlidan,<br />
xolo _ <strong>qalaq</strong>ad 1962 wlidan,<br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong> mosaxleoba gaizarda,<br />
rogorc mosaxleobis bunebrivi demografiuli<br />
matebiT, ise mezobeli<br />
soflebidan mosaxleobis sagarejoSi<br />
dasaxlebiT, agaraki ‘kokonauri~<br />
faqtiurad Seerwya <strong>qalaq</strong>is<br />
farglebs da misi Semadgeneli<br />
nawili gaxda.<br />
TviT toponimi ‘kokonauri~ warmosdgeba<br />
sityva ‘kokonaurisgan~<br />
rac sulxan-saba orbelianis<br />
leqsikonis erT-erTi ganmartebiT<br />
niSnavs abreSumis yaWis Wiis erTerTi<br />
saxecvlilebis kokona Wias.<br />
rodesac abreSumis Wia-kokona Wiis<br />
zrdis procesSi eqceva, mas gansakuTrebuli<br />
xarisxis foTliT kvebaven,<br />
romelsac ufro meti kvebi-<br />
Ti Rirebuleba aqvs, aseTi TuTis<br />
plantaciebi gansakuTrebuli niadagis<br />
SerCevas da movlas saWiroebda.<br />
swored aseTi niadagis Semcveli<br />
iyo miwis is nakveTi, romelsac uxsovari<br />
droidan daerqva toponimi<br />
kokonauri.<br />
meabreSumeoba uwindel saqarTveloSi<br />
saxalxo meurneobis erTerT<br />
wamyvan dargs warmoadgenda da<br />
`kokonauri~<br />
did Semosavals aZlevda rogorc<br />
saxelmwifos, ise TiToeul qarTul<br />
ojaxs, amitom meabreSumeoba wamyvan<br />
sameurneo dargs warmoadgenda.<br />
Tu ramd<strong>ena</strong>d popularuli iyo<br />
meabreSumeoba jer kidev warmar-<br />
Tul, antikur samyaroSi, saxalxo,<br />
saritualo dResaswaulic ki iyo<br />
dawesebuli, romelsac ‘Wiakokonoba~<br />
ewodeboda da farTod aRiniSneboda<br />
gazafxulis periodSi, xolo<br />
mas Semdeg, rac saqarTveloSi qristianoba<br />
gamocxadda saxelmwifo<br />
religiad, Wiakokonoba qristianobamac<br />
did erovnul dResaswaulad<br />
gadmoitana da es saritualo dResaswauli<br />
sazeimod aRiniSneboda<br />
aRdgomis wina oTxSabaTs (RamiT) da<br />
am sadResaswaulo oTxSabaTs ‘didi<br />
oTxSabaTi~ ewodeboda. danTebuli<br />
koconebi simbolurad mimarTuli<br />
iyo boroti mwerebisa da kudianebis<br />
winaaRmdeg. koconebis danTebaSi<br />
yvela monawileobda, didebic da patarebic.<br />
danTebul koconze yvela<br />
cdilobda gadamxtariyo. TviTon<br />
am dResaswaulis saxelwodeba ‘Wiakokonoba~<br />
mTlianad meabreSumeobasTan<br />
aris dakavSirebuli, sabas<br />
leqsikonis mixedviT ~Wia~ niSnavda<br />
abreSumis Wias, xolo kokona am Wiis<br />
saWupred momzadebul matls (Wias),<br />
romelic saWupred iyo gamzadebuli,<br />
raTa abreSumis parkad gadaqceuliyo,<br />
amitom es kokona imd<strong>ena</strong>d<br />
pativsacemi, sayvareli arseba iyo,<br />
rom mis pativsacemad giorgiwmindisa<br />
da <strong>sagarejos</strong> yvelaze nayofier<br />
miwas, sadac TuTis plantaciebi iyo<br />
gaSenebuli ‘kokonauri~ ewoda.<br />
gadioda wlebi da saukuneebi, iyo<br />
mSvidoba da aRorZineba, iyo omebi<br />
da gaWirvebac, magram meabreSumeoba<br />
saqarTveloSi iyo erT-erTi wamyvani<br />
dargi da valutis Semomtani<br />
5<br />
mTavari wyaro, amitom meabreSume<br />
specialistebic mravlad iyvnen<br />
gare-kaxeTidan. meabreSumeobis ganviTarebasTan<br />
iyo dakavSirebuli<br />
gare-kaxeTSi WiaberaSvilebis gvaris<br />
warmoSobac, romelic ise dawinaurda<br />
Tamaris epoqaSi, rom erT-erT<br />
uZlieres feodalur sagvareulodac<br />
ki Camoyalibda.<br />
Tu wina saukuneebSi meabreSumeoba<br />
erT-erT prioritetul dargs<br />
warmoadgenda, axla TiTqmis moispo<br />
es Semosavali soflis meurneobis<br />
dargSi da mxolod mogonebad<br />
darCa. agarakma ‘kokonaurmac~ dakarga<br />
Tavisi funqcia. igi axla <strong>qalaq</strong><br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong> erT-erT Cveulebriv<br />
ubans warmoadgens.<br />
agarak ‘kokonauris~ myudroeba<br />
mxolod XIX saukunis 80-ian wlebSi<br />
dairRva, rodesac 1884 wels Tbilisidan<br />
kaxeTSi mimavalma samxedrosatranzito<br />
gzam sarTiWalidan<br />
sagarejo-manavis mxares gadmoinacvla,<br />
xolo 1912-1915 wlebSi kaxe-<br />
Tis rkinigzam ‘kokonauris~ boloze<br />
gamoiara da aqve, ‘kokonauris~ far-<br />
Tobze, rkinigzis kaxeTis monakve-<br />
Tze warmoiSva sadguris dasaxleba.<br />
‘kokonauris~ teritoriaze bolo<br />
wlebSi farTo samSeneblo industriis<br />
dros miwis samuSaoebis<br />
dros aRmoCenilma arqeologiurma<br />
masalam axali sityva Tqva Cveni<br />
qveynis uZveles istoriaSi. ‘kokonauris~<br />
teritoriaze da saer-<br />
Tod gare-kaxeTSi Cvens winaprebs<br />
ucxovriaT Cvens welTaRricxvamde<br />
me-4 da me-3 aTaswleulebidanve da<br />
didi kulturac hqoniaT.<br />
‘kokonauri~ werilobiTi dokumentebiTac<br />
aqtiurad yofila Car-<br />
dasasruli meeqvse gverdze
6<br />
`kokonauri~<br />
dasasruli<br />
Tuli Cveni qveynis axal istoriaSic.<br />
‘kokonauri~ moxseniebulia XVIII<br />
saukunis erT friad sayuradRebo<br />
dokumentSic, romelsac xels awers<br />
qarTl-kaxeTis mefe erekle II.<br />
istorikos Tedo Jordanias<br />
‘qronikebis~ me-3 tomSi aRniSnulia,<br />
rom mefe erekle II RviZli da<br />
elisabedi miuTxovebia samegrelos<br />
mTavris kacia dadianisaTvis da<br />
misTvis mziTevTan erTad gauyolebia<br />
sasaxlis oqromWedeli giorgi<br />
beJiaSvili, mefis yma, mcxovrebi<br />
sofel giorgiwmindaSi.<br />
mefe erekle II giorgi beJiaSvils<br />
kargi da Tavdadebuli samsaxurisaTvis<br />
wyalobas ukeTebs da<br />
sofel giorgiwmindaSi umtkicebs<br />
‘kokonauris~ mamulsa da v<strong>ena</strong>xs,<br />
imis gamo, rom oqromWedel giorgi<br />
beJiaSvils gamouCndnen aRniSnuli<br />
<strong>qalaq</strong>is samxreTiT `qvianis~ mimdebare<br />
teritorias, romelic<br />
ganlagebulia mdinare TvalTxevis<br />
orive sanapiroze, xalxi `kostafes~<br />
uwodebs. sainteresoa am toponimis<br />
semantika. toponimi ori sityvis<br />
kompozitia: ku _ qvewarmavalia da<br />
binadrobda didi raodenobiT. ese<br />
igi ko, anu ku arsebiTi saxelia, rac<br />
Seexeba `tafes~ _ igi sparsuli warmoSobisaa<br />
da niSnavs Seferdebul<br />
vake adgils. am ori arsebiTi saxelis<br />
SeerTebiT miviReT `kustafe~,<br />
anu `kostafe~ da es saxeli am mindorma<br />
dRemde Semoinaxa.<br />
`kostafe~ mdinare TvalTxevis<br />
orive sanapirozea ganfenili da<br />
warmoadgens <strong>qalaq</strong> <strong>sagarejos</strong> mosaxleobis<br />
sakarmidamo, sabostne,<br />
wyalobis wilSi Semcileni, Zmebi da<br />
ZmisSvilebi, mefe erekle II <strong>sagarejos</strong><br />
mourav iorams avalebs kargad<br />
gaerkves sadao sakiTxebSi da ixelmZRvanelos<br />
mefis gujariT.<br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong> mouravma ioramma<br />
Seiswavla sadavo sakiTxi da aseTi<br />
ganCineba gamoitana:<br />
‘q. brZanebiTa maTis umaRlesobis<br />
patronisa Cvenisa xelmwifisa<br />
mefisa ereklesiTa Cven <strong>sagarejos</strong><br />
mouravma ese ukve JamTa dasamtkicebeli<br />
samarTali da ganaCeni<br />
mogeciT: Sen giorgiwmindel memkvidres<br />
mefis erTguls ymasa da didad<br />
msaxurs beJiaSvils giorgisa<br />
SvilTa da momavalTa saxelisa<br />
SenisaTa ase, rom dagimtkiceT batonis<br />
wyaloba sofel giorgiwmindasa<br />
v<strong>ena</strong>xi ‘kokonauri~ da <strong>qalaq</strong>sa<br />
saxli da duqani.<br />
mefis aRniSnul gujarSi vkiTxu-<br />
`kostafe~<br />
sav<strong>ena</strong>xe nakveTebis adgils.<br />
`kostafe~ imiTac aris saintereso,<br />
rom aq miwis damuSavebis<br />
dros mosaxleoba xSirad poulobs<br />
arqeologiur nivTebs, brinjaosa<br />
da keramikis nawarms. miwis Rrma<br />
damuSavebis dros gasuli saukunis<br />
40-50-ian wlebSi aRmoCenilia<br />
qvayuTisa da qvevrsamarxebis samarovnebi,<br />
rac qronologiurad Suabrinjaos<br />
xanas miekuTvneba da<br />
TariRdeba Cvens welTaRricxvamde<br />
I aTaswleulebis Sua xanebiT, rac<br />
imaze metyvelebs, rom am periodSi<br />
aq mWidro mosaxleobaa dafiqsirebuli.<br />
garejelebi #3, agvisto, 2012w<br />
lobT, rom giorgi beJiaSvili jer<br />
kidev bavSvi TbilisSi miubarebiaT<br />
Segirdad mefe Teimurazis<br />
oqromWedilisaTvis. giorgi beJiaSvils<br />
didi niWi gamouvlinebia da<br />
saukeTesod auTvisebia oqromWedlis<br />
profesia, amave dros paralelurad<br />
Seuswavlia mxatvroba da<br />
mravali xati Seuqmnia.<br />
mefe Teimurazis sikvdilis Semdeg<br />
giorgi beJiaSvili erTgulad<br />
emsaxureboda erekle II. erTguli<br />
samsaxuris jildod mefe erekles<br />
TbilisSi misTvis saxli da duqani<br />
uboZebia, xolo giorgiwmindaSi ‘kokonauris~<br />
saxli da v<strong>ena</strong>xi. garda<br />
amisa, Tavisi yma giorgi gauazatebia<br />
da misTvis gvari Seucvlia, oqrom-<br />
WedliSvilis gvari uboZebia.<br />
giorgi beJiaSvili-oqromWedliSvilis<br />
STamomavlebi axlac cxovroben<br />
sofel giorgiwmindaSi da<br />
ician, rom isini erTi gvaris ganayofebi<br />
arian.<br />
rogorc zemoT movixsenieT, agarakma<br />
‘kokonaurma~ saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi<br />
mraval qartexils gauZlo<br />
da dRemde moaRwia, ‘kokonauri~<br />
dRes <strong>qalaq</strong> <strong>sagarejos</strong> Semadgeneli<br />
nawilia da misi ganaSenianeba me-<br />
20 saukunis damdegidanve daiwyo.<br />
axla ‘kokonauri~ mWidrod aris<br />
dasaxlebuli, rogorc adgilobrivi<br />
_ sagarejoeli da giorgiwmindeli,<br />
aseve saqarTvelos sxvadasxva<br />
kuTxidan Camosaxlebuli mosaxleobiT,<br />
magram ‘kokonauri~ dReisaTvis<br />
veRar amayobs Tavisi tradiciuli<br />
meabreSumeobiT, saidanac Tavisi<br />
saxeli dRemde SemorCa.<br />
dRes ‘kokonauri~ damSvenebulia<br />
Tavisi lamazi dasaxlebiT,<br />
restoran ‘saxalxo saxlidan~ axal<br />
saavadmyofo-poliklinikamde, igi<br />
iTvleba <strong>sagarejos</strong> erT-erT lamaz<br />
dasaxlebad.<br />
lapriani”<br />
<strong>qalaq</strong> <strong>sagarejos</strong> samxreTiT<br />
mdebare mindorsa da agaraks<br />
“lapriani” ewodeba. es toponimi<br />
Tavisi nayofierebiT yovelTvis<br />
gamoirCeoda da dafaruli iyo<br />
sagarejoelTa da giorgiwmindelTa<br />
baRCa_baRebiTa da v<strong>ena</strong>xebiT.<br />
laprians CrdiloeTidan esazRvreba<br />
agaraki kokonauri,<br />
aRmosavleTidan “wiflis xevi”,<br />
tye_buCqnari “alinja” da “nasadgomari”,<br />
samxreTidan da<br />
samxreT_aRmosavleTidan “meligora”<br />
da “saxoxbis Wala”, dasav-<br />
dasasruli me-13 gvedrze
garejelebi #3, agvisto, 2012w<br />
gaRmaubani<br />
<strong>qalaq</strong>i sagarejo ganfenilia<br />
mdinare TvalTxevis orive<br />
sanapiroze arsebul mTebs Soris<br />
moTavsebul tafobze da misi ganfeniloba<br />
jvars mogvagonebs. am<br />
jvris marjv<strong>ena</strong> frTa TvalTxevidan<br />
ninowmidis mimarTulebiT miemarTeba,<br />
xolo marcx<strong>ena</strong> frTa TvalTxevidan<br />
aRmosavleTiT giorgiwmindisken<br />
aris mimarTuli, xolo am jvris<br />
RerZi CrdiloeTidan samxreTisk<strong>ena</strong>a<br />
ganfenili.<br />
<strong>qalaq</strong>s ZvelTaganve Sua hyofda<br />
mdinare TvalTxevi. CrdiloeTidan<br />
Crdilo dasavleTidan da Crdilo<br />
aRmosavleTidan <strong>qalaq</strong>s zemodan<br />
dahyurebs tyiT Semosili mTebi _<br />
beberi klde, Tavwmida giorgisa da<br />
elia winaswarmetyvelis mTebi.<br />
gaRmaubani iwyeba tye _ park “sa-<br />
Tavidan” da mTavrdeba ninowmidis<br />
sazRvarTan “qananas” xevis marcx<strong>ena</strong><br />
sanapiroTi.<br />
gaRmaubani geografiulad danawevrebulia<br />
patar_patara Rele _<br />
xevebiT, romlebic saTaves iReben<br />
wmida elia winaswarmetyvelis mTidan.<br />
am Rele - xevebidan yvelaze<br />
mozrdilia topeSauras da kotomaanT<br />
xevebi, romlebic gaRmauban-<br />
Sive erTiandebian da erTvian mdinare<br />
TvalTxevs.<br />
istoriul warsulSi gaRmaubnelebi<br />
ufro CrdiloeTiT cxovrobdnen<br />
wmida elia winaswarmetyvelis<br />
mTis samxreTis da Crdilo _<br />
samxreTis ferdobebze, sadac axla<br />
gaRmaubnelTa da sagarejoelTa<br />
sasaflaoebia ganlagebuli, xolo<br />
mecxramete saukunis dasawyisidan<br />
gaRmaubnelebi ufro dabla vakobze<br />
Camosaxldnen, sadac axlac cxovro-<br />
ben.<br />
gaRmaubans adre, winasaukuneebSi<br />
“daRma Tvals” uwodebdnen, vinaidan<br />
arsebobda gamoRma “Tvalic” da am<br />
did daba-sofels krebiTad mravlobiT<br />
ricxvSi moixseniebdnen .<br />
ise ki, orive dasaxlebas “Tvalnni”<br />
ewodeboda. xolo mas Semdeg, e. i.<br />
meTvramete saukunis bolodan axlandel<br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong> Camoscilda<br />
toponimi “Tvalnni” da daviT garejis<br />
monastrebis aRmniSvnelad<br />
ewoda “sagarejo”, amis Semdeg mis<br />
marjv<strong>ena</strong> sanapiros gaRmaubani daerqva.<br />
gaRmaubnis mosaxleoba eTnikurad<br />
mTlianad qarTvelebisgan Sedgeboda<br />
da uban-uban kompaqturad<br />
iyo dasaxlebuli gvarebis mixedviT.<br />
es gvarebi iyo SaqaraSvilebi,<br />
mamamTavriSvilebi, fanoziSvilebi,<br />
TediaSvilebi, mamisaSvilebi, ciciSvilebi,<br />
kurdRelaSvilebi, rostiaSvilebi,<br />
qurTiSvilebi, kavTuaSvilebi,<br />
mamardaSvilebi, furcelaZeebi,<br />
urdulaSvilebi, laferiSvilebi,<br />
sulikaSvilebi, tiginaSvilebi, TulaSvilebi,<br />
maTiaSvilebi, CekuraSvilebi,<br />
kveraSvilebi, Wiaurelebi,<br />
darispanaSvilebi da sxvebi.<br />
eparqialurad gaRmaubnelTa<br />
nawili ninowmideli episkoposis<br />
mrevlSi Sediodnen, nawili ki daviT<br />
garejis monastris ymebi iyvnen.<br />
gaRmaubnelebs didi da saxelovani<br />
istoria aqvT. meCvidmete<br />
saukunis pirvel naxevarSi, rodesc<br />
mTel qarTl _ kaxeTs risxvad daatyda<br />
Sah_abazis mrisxane Semosevebi,<br />
omSi gadarCenili da tyved ayvanili<br />
sagarejoelebi iranis provincia<br />
mazandaraSi gadaasaxles, xolo<br />
7<br />
zemoT CamoTvlili gaRmaubnelebi<br />
saqarTvelos sxvadasxva provinciidan<br />
Camosaxldnen meCvidmete saukunis<br />
Sua wlebidan.<br />
gaRma “TvalelTa” materialuri<br />
kulturis Zeglebidan aRsaniSnavia<br />
wmida Sios, “yvavianis RvTismSoblis”,<br />
“petre-pavles’ da RvTismSoblis<br />
eklesiebi. amaTgan, rogorc<br />
maRali arqiteqturuli Rirsebis<br />
mqone eklesia petre-pavles saxelobis<br />
eklesiaa, romelic 1710-1712<br />
wlebSi aRaS<strong>ena</strong> daviT garejis saxelovanma<br />
winaparma onofre maWuta-<br />
Zem (1690-1736w.w). onofre maWutaZe<br />
Tavis erT-erT anderZSi aRwers, rom<br />
man ‘...nadarbazevze” aRaS<strong>ena</strong> petre<br />
-pavles saxelobis eklesia da Seamko<br />
xatiTa, siwmindis niSnebiTa da<br />
wignebiTa.”<br />
eklesia mSeneblobis unatifesi<br />
stiliTaa aSenebuli da am eklesia-<br />
Si 1930-ian wlebamde uwyvetad aRevlineboda<br />
wirva_locva, romelsac<br />
dekanozis xarisxSi xeldasxmuli<br />
moZRvarni swiravdnen. aqve, petr_pavles<br />
eklesiis gverdiT arsebobda<br />
keTilmowyobili marani da sastumro<br />
daviT garejis berebisaTvis.<br />
samwuxarod, es maRali stilis arqiteqturuli<br />
nageboba mitovebuli<br />
aqvs saqarTvelos sapatriarqos da<br />
iq wirva_locva ar tardeba.<br />
gaRmaubanma saukuneebis manZilze<br />
mravali Rirseuli <strong>mamuli</strong>Svili<br />
misca saqarTvelos.<br />
dRevandeli gaRmaubnelebi amayoben<br />
Tavisi wiaRidan gamosuli ise-<br />
Ti <strong>mamuli</strong>SvilebiT, rogorebic arian<br />
msoflios mravalgzis Cenpioni,<br />
beWdaudebeli falavani da saqarTvelos<br />
parlamentis yofili wevri<br />
levan TediaSvili, saqarTvelos<br />
saxalxo artisti giorgi darispanaSvili,<br />
profesori aleqsandre<br />
urdulaSvili, saqarTvelos damsaxurebuli<br />
mxatvari_keramikosi<br />
SoTa ciciSvili, saqveynod cnobili<br />
kino_reJisori mixeil Wiaureli,<br />
profesori Teziko sulikaSvili,<br />
poeti daviT tiginaSvili da sxv.<br />
gaRmaubnelebi cnobili moWidaveebi<br />
iyvnen ZvelTaganve, magram,<br />
samwuxarod, xsovnam mxolod zogierTebis<br />
saxelebi Semoinaxes, dResac<br />
legendadaa qceuli “TamaraanT<br />
kolas’_ nikoloz TulaSvilis moxdenili<br />
Widaoba.<br />
gaRmaubnelebs “Taqlelebsac”<br />
uwodeben, magram bevrma ar icis<br />
am sityvis mniSvneloba. am sityvas<br />
qiziyelebi xmaroben da swored<br />
qiziyidan gadmosaxlebulma tiginaSvilebma<br />
Semoitanes xmarebaSi.<br />
“Taqla” niSnavs moufiqrebels,<br />
pirSi mTqmels, amays, romelic moufiqreblad<br />
simarTles pirSi miaxlis<br />
mopaeqres.
8<br />
saTivara<br />
mdinare TvalTxevis saTave auzidan<br />
wyalgamyof SemaRlebidan,<br />
romelsac gadmokveTda “lafian xevis”<br />
auzidan amomavali Telavisken<br />
mimavali gza, “saTivara” ewodeba. aq<br />
mdebareobs nayofieri subalpuri<br />
velebi, romelic uxsovari droidan<br />
warmoadgenda qarTveli tomebiT<br />
dasaxlebul sofels. amis damadasturebel<br />
niSans warmoadgens patara,<br />
bazilikuri tipis eklesia da<br />
is auarebeli nasaxlarebi da samarovanni,<br />
romlebic aq gvxvdeba.<br />
“saTivara” meoce saukunis 50_<br />
ian wlebamde sasoflo_sameurneo<br />
TvalsazrisiT warmoadgenda patara<br />
mTis sofel_ Jatis kuTvnil<br />
agarak_mindors, sadac Jateli kolmeurneebi<br />
Tesdnen kartofils, siminds<br />
da sxva sasoflo_sameurneo<br />
kulturebs, abalaxebdnen cxvarsa<br />
da msxvilfexa pirutyvs, Tibavdnen<br />
Tivas.<br />
2003 wlis gazafxulze vesaubre<br />
Jatel qalbatons_ninos, romelic<br />
Jatidan gamoTxovili iyo <strong>sagarejos</strong><br />
mkvidr kako (akaki) qvliviZeze.<br />
man miambo erTi saintereso faqtis<br />
Sesaxeb: gasuli saukunis 50_ian<br />
wlebSi, miwis samuSaoebis dros<br />
Jatelma kolmeurneebma aRmoaCines<br />
erTi qvayuTis samarxi, romelSic<br />
aRmoCnda 11 adamianis ConCxi. savaraudod<br />
es micvalebulebi erTi<br />
ojaxis wevrebi iyvnen da raRac<br />
moarulma epidemiam, an mtris msaxvralma<br />
xelma mouRo maT bolo, rac<br />
imazedac metyvelebda, rom uxsovar<br />
warsulSi aq xalxmravali sofeli<br />
yofila. ise, aq eklesias aravin<br />
aaSenebda. namosaxlarebi mravlad<br />
SeiniSneba wyaluxv TvalTxevis<br />
mTel ubanSi. sxvadasxva droSi da<br />
epoqaSi aq ucxovriaT amay, ulamazes,<br />
mSromel da Tavmoyvare qarTvelebs,<br />
romlebic icavdnen samSoblos, qmnidnen<br />
xvavsa da baraqas, edemis<br />
baRad aqcevdnen baraqian xeobas.<br />
qalbatonma nino Turmanaulma is<br />
sagvareuloebic CamomiTvala, vinc<br />
aq cxovrobdnen gasuli saukunis<br />
50_ian wlebSi. ai, isinic: gigaurebi,<br />
wiTelaurebi, bewukaSvilebi, Turmanaulebi,<br />
xadulaSvilebi, fetviaSvilebi,<br />
badriaSvilebi, pataraSvilebi,<br />
keJeraSvilebi, TiRilaurebi,<br />
diRmeliSvilebi, RvTisiaSvilebi.<br />
am patara soflis_Jatis kuTvnili<br />
savargulebi iyo saTivara,<br />
mlaSe veli, saRoreebi,patara mindori<br />
xajagebi, zeda mTa, saxaSmo,<br />
samebis nawili, na<strong>qalaq</strong>ari. Tavad<br />
nasoflari_ Jati didi qarTveli<br />
mgosnis vaJa_fSavelas iniciati-<br />
viT iyo Camosaxlebuli mcire miwian<br />
fSavidan mecxramete saukunis<br />
meore naxevarSi. es sofeli meoce<br />
saukunis 50-iani wlebidan ZaliT<br />
iqna gadasaxlebuli sarTiWalis,<br />
xaSmis da samgorSi dasaxlebis<br />
axal soflebSi.<br />
meliqauri<br />
wyaluxvi mdinare TvalTxevis<br />
auzis nasoflaria meliqauri.<br />
iq, sadac TvalTxevis auzis ori<br />
S<strong>ena</strong>erTi Sto erTmaneTs erTvis, am<br />
xerTviss sakmaod mozrdili tafobi<br />
yofs Suaze. daukvirvebeli Tvali<br />
aq mxolod tye-buCqnars SeniSnavs,<br />
magram es patara miwis naWeri,<br />
romelsac ufrosi Taobis xalxi<br />
meliqaurs uwodebs, sulac ar aris<br />
ubralo tyiani tafobi-aq odesRac<br />
xalxi cxovrobda da sicocxle<br />
Cqefda. aq arqeologiuri gaTxr<br />
rebi arasodes aravis ar uwarmoebia,<br />
magram, dakvirvebuli Tvalic ki<br />
SeamCnevs namosaxlarebs, qviTkiris<br />
naSTebs. aq xandaxan wyaldidobis<br />
dros Rvarcofi adamianis naxmar<br />
sayofacxovrebo, keramikis nivTebsac<br />
ki gamoaCens xolme, rac imaze<br />
metyvelebs, rom aq odesRac ucxovriaT<br />
Cvens winaprebs, mere ki bedukuRmarTi<br />
cxovrebis gamo miutovebiaT<br />
mama-papeuli sacxovrisi da ukeTes<br />
adgilas gadasaxlebulan, anda sulac<br />
bedis ukuRma trials mouspia<br />
maTTvis sasicocxlo pirobebi. sakvirveli<br />
da sacnauri isaa, rogor<br />
moaRwia Cv<strong>ena</strong>mde am toponimma.<br />
`vake tye~<br />
sagarejodan mimavali, gascdebi<br />
Tu ara “mTavar mowames”, xelmarjvniv<br />
mimaval tyis gzas, daaxloebiT<br />
naxevari kilometris gavlis<br />
Semdeg naxavT ZvelisZveli<br />
eklesiis naSTs, romelsac sagarejoelebi<br />
“wmida grigolis” naeklesiars<br />
uwodeben. tyis siRrmeSi<br />
Sesuli adamianis Tvali uamrav<br />
namosaxlars SeniSnavs,romlebic<br />
saukuneebis manZilze tyes daufaravs.<br />
tyis reliefic isea mosworebuli,<br />
rom yvela mixvdeba_aq odes-<br />
Rac mozrdili sofeli yofila. es<br />
midamo <strong>sagarejos</strong> mindvrebidanac<br />
kargad moCans, xalxi am tyes “vake<br />
tyes” uwodebs.<br />
aravin icis, aq arsebul sofels<br />
ra erqva, an rodis moispo igi da<br />
adamianTa mexsierebidan rodis<br />
amoiSala, ra materialuri saSualebebiT<br />
suldgmulobda es sofeli,<br />
ubralo TvaliTac mixvdeba<br />
gaTviTcnobierebuli adamiani, romelic<br />
iqve, maxloblad, tyis xeTa<br />
garejelebi #3, agvisto, 2012w<br />
foTlebis Crdilsa da buCqnarSi<br />
Semaluli wylis naJuri am soflis<br />
masazrdoebeli wyaros kodi iyo.<br />
rodis moispo, an ram mospo odes-<br />
Rac aRorZinebuli sofeli, rodis<br />
daisadgura aq tyis mdumarebam, aravin<br />
uwyis...<br />
1399 wels saqarTvelos mexuTed<br />
Semoesia qarTvelTa moZule Temur<br />
lengi. zamTari iyo da xalxi ar<br />
moeloda Turme mtris Semosevas.<br />
Temur lengma SearCia janmrTeli,<br />
20_25 wlis uzbeki meomrebi da<br />
pirdapir wamovida saqarTvelos<br />
gasanadgureblad zamTris myudroebaSi_35<br />
aTasiani laSqriT. moadga<br />
gare kaxeTs. gadauReblad Tovda 20<br />
dRis ganmavlobaSi da Tovlis safarma<br />
naxevar metrs gadaaWarba, mtris<br />
Semotevis marSruti yarabaRze gadioda<br />
da garejis xrioki midamoebiT<br />
pirdapir gare kaxeTisken iyo<br />
mimarTuli. Cven pirdapiri saarqivo<br />
masalebi ar mogvepoveba qarTul<br />
<strong>ena</strong>ze da veyrdnobiT Temur lengis<br />
istorikosis cnobebs. mterma Tavis<br />
gamanadgurebeli mexuTe Semosevis<br />
marSruti imitom SearCia uSualod<br />
Tbilisis aRmosavleTiT, raTa<br />
TbilisisaTvis moespoT mosaxleobis<br />
damcavi da mkvebavi regioni da<br />
igi udabnod eqcia. Temur lengis istorikosis<br />
dRiurebSi vkiTxulobT,<br />
rom mtris mizani iyo mWidrod<br />
dasaxlebuli daba_soflebi mTlianad<br />
daengria, gadaewva, xolo baR_<br />
v<strong>ena</strong>xebi_ amoeZirkva. mterma kargad<br />
icoda, rom qarTvelebi lxinSic da<br />
WirSic uRvinod da uxilod purs<br />
ar Wamdnen. amitomac undoda ayvavebuli<br />
gare kaxeTis udabnod qceva.<br />
garda amisa, Temur lengis dazvervam<br />
kargad icoda, rom saqarTvelos<br />
mefes aq ey<strong>ena</strong> Tavisi saukeTeso<br />
jari mTavarsardal vinme ximSias<br />
sardlobiT da es jari unda moespo<br />
pirvel rigSi_ moulodneli<br />
dartymiT. Temur lengma Tavisi<br />
Canafiqri sisruleSi moiyvana da<br />
Tavisi sisastikiT iavarqmnili mxare<br />
datova gaZarculi, gapartaxebuli<br />
da qarTuli arqivebic ise mospo,<br />
rom aravis scodnoda aq arsebuli<br />
daba_soflebis saxelebic ki.<br />
Tu ra erqva “vake tyeze”<br />
gaSenebul sofels, aravin icis,<br />
mxolod dangreul naeklesiars<br />
SemorCa am wminda adgilis saxeli<br />
“wmida grigoli”, danarCeni<br />
ki daviwyebis ulmobelma burusma<br />
STanTqa...
garejelebi #3, agvisto, 2012w<br />
TvalTxevi<br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong> Zvelad “Tvali” erqva.<br />
dRes <strong>sagarejos</strong> Zvel saxels<br />
im didi xeobis saxeli gvaxsenebs,<br />
romelic <strong>sagarejos</strong> or<br />
nawilad hyofs_TvalTxevi. mis kalapotSi<br />
momdinare, imave saxelwodebis<br />
mdinare imd<strong>ena</strong>d wyaluxvi<br />
yofila, rom aTeulobiT wisqvils<br />
amuSavebda misi wyali TevziTac<br />
uxvad amaragebda <strong>sagarejos</strong> mosaxleobas,<br />
zafxulSi samjeradad<br />
rwyavda baRCa_v<strong>ena</strong>xebs, xexilis<br />
baRebs.<br />
mdinare TvalTxevidan gamomdinare<br />
nakadulebi ulamazes da egzotikur<br />
garemos uqmnida baR_v<strong>ena</strong>xebSi<br />
Caflul, wiTeli kramiTiT<br />
gadaxurul oda_saxlebs, erTian<br />
baRnarad qceul miwier edemad<br />
aqcevda daba_sofels.<br />
istoriuli wyaroebi me_18 saukunemde<br />
sofels Tvals uwodebdnen,<br />
rac sulxan_saba orbelianis<br />
ganmartebiT wylis saTaves da silamazis<br />
sinonimsac niSnavda, xolo<br />
Semdeg sofels saxeli Seecvala da<br />
sagarejo ewoda, niSnad daviT garejis<br />
udidesi kompleqsis sakuTrebisa<br />
da “Tvali” TandaTan daviwyebis<br />
burusSi CaiZira, mxolod mdinaris<br />
xeobas da erT samlocvelos “Tvalwmida<br />
giorgisRa” SerCa es saxeli.<br />
mdinare “TvalTxevi” Suaze hyofs<br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong>, amitom “TvalTxevis” marjv<strong>ena</strong><br />
sanapiro gaRmaubnad iwodeba,<br />
xolo marcx<strong>ena</strong>_gamoRma sanapiro<br />
_sagarejod. mdinare “TvalTxevi”<br />
Tavisi auziT erT_erTi didi da<br />
grZeli mdinarea mTel gare kaxeTSi,<br />
romelic saTaves iRebs civ_gomboris<br />
mTebSi da uerTdeba gare_kaxe-<br />
Tis deda mdinares_iors.TvalTxevs<br />
ori saTave aqvs. erTi Sto saTaves<br />
iRebs aseve civ_gomboris mTebSi, e.<br />
w. “daTvis sacxvreSi”, meore Sto<br />
ki “lewinSi”_qurdovaniZeebis mTis<br />
ZirSi.<br />
am or Stos Sua devs “razias” mTa,<br />
am mTebis Crdilo mxridan “kisisxevis”<br />
saTave iwyeba, romelic mdinare<br />
alazanis S<strong>ena</strong>kadia.<br />
TvalTxevis S<strong>ena</strong>kadebia: qobTxevi,<br />
romelic fSavlis nadgomrebidan<br />
gamodis. qobTxevs meore patara<br />
xevic erTvis da orive es xevi<br />
TvalTxevs erTvis marjv<strong>ena</strong> mxridan.<br />
beberi kldis mxridan gamodis da<br />
maxiasTan erTvis TvalTxevs erTi<br />
patara xevic marcx<strong>ena</strong> mxridan.<br />
TvalTxevi ZvelTaganve wyaluxvi<br />
mdinare iyo, magram mas Semdeg,<br />
rac <strong>sagarejos</strong> mosaxleoba gaizarda<br />
da komunaluri meurneobac<br />
<strong>qalaq</strong>is tipis meurneobad gadaiqca,<br />
TvalTxevis Semdinare wyaroebi komunaluri<br />
meurneobis sakuTrebad,<br />
TvalTxevi ki mSral xevad iqca.<br />
masSi wyali mxolod zamTarsa da<br />
gazafxulis uxvnaleqian periodSi<br />
Tu moedineba.<br />
TvalTxevs ZvelTaganve kvebavda<br />
mTis patar-patara wyaroebi,magram<br />
misi mTavari mkvebavi aris tye-park<br />
“saTavidan” da<br />
g a z a f x u l o b i T<br />
maxiaze gamomdinare<br />
wyaluxvi,<br />
didi debetis<br />
mqone wyaroebi.<br />
rac Seexeba<br />
gazafxulsa<br />
da zafxulis<br />
pirvel naxevar-<br />
Si mosul did<br />
wvimebs, isini ise<br />
“ganrisxdebodnen”<br />
xolme, rom<br />
misi sanapiroebi<br />
veRar itevda<br />
mTebidan gamomdinareRvarcofian<br />
TqeSs, rom<br />
9<br />
aq mcxovreb mosaxleobas did stiqiur<br />
ubedurebad atydeboda Tavze.<br />
xalxis xsovnam da istoriulma wyaroebma<br />
Semoinaxa garejuli qronikebi,<br />
roca ganrisxebulma TvalTxevma<br />
didi ubedureba daatexa mis<br />
orive sanapiroze mcxovreb mosaxleobas.<br />
es TariRebi 1883 da1895<br />
wlebSi farTod asaxa mecxramete<br />
saukunis iseTma gazeTebma, rogoric<br />
iyo didi ilias “iveria” da saqveynod<br />
cnobili “droeba”. aq mcxovrebi<br />
aseulobiT komli glexoba aiyara<br />
da ufro usafrTxo adgilebze<br />
daido bina.<br />
mdinare TvalTxevs gaRmaubanSi<br />
marjv<strong>ena</strong> mxridan erTvis sakmaod<br />
abezari S<strong>ena</strong>kadi_”topeSaurasxevi”,<br />
romelic saTaves iRebs wmida Sios<br />
da wmida ilia winaswarmetyvelis<br />
mTidan. TviT “topeSaurasxevs”<br />
erTvis gaRmaubanSi saRoriis anu<br />
kotomaanT xevi, romelic saTaves<br />
iRebs toponim “kocnaZeulis”<br />
midamoebSi. am S<strong>ena</strong>kadebs garda,<br />
TvalTxevs kvebavs “tikiaura”, romelic<br />
TvalTxevs erTvis mindor<br />
“kostafes” midamoebSi, TvalTxevis<br />
“Tanamgzavri” Releebi iyo “dodos<br />
Wala”, “lekiaura” da sxva Releebi,<br />
romlebic <strong>qalaq</strong>is mosaxleobam<br />
dajabna da Tavis sakarmidamoebad<br />
gadaaqcia. ise ki, roca buneba “ganrisxdeba”<br />
xolme da gadauRebeli<br />
wvimebi Tavs aiwyvetavs, <strong>qalaq</strong>is<br />
bunebrivi konfiguracia erTian xeobad<br />
gadaiqceva xolme.<br />
roca stiqia aboboqrdeba,<br />
TvalTxevs “mxars aubavs” xolme<br />
misi abezari metoqe “wiflis xevi”,<br />
romelic saTaves iRebs aseve, civ_<br />
gomboris mTebSi, civ_kodis midamoebSi.<br />
Turme, yofila SemTxveva,<br />
roca stiqiis gamo ise momxdara,<br />
rom es ori xeoba gaerTianebula da<br />
sakmaod didi zaralic miuyenebia<br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong>aTvis.
10<br />
wiflis xevi<br />
<strong>qalaq</strong> <strong>sagarejos</strong> geografiuli<br />
mdebareoba Tavisi geologiuri<br />
konfiguraciiT yovelTvis<br />
qmnis did saSiSroebas wyaldidobebis<br />
dros. xSirad <strong>qalaq</strong>is keTilmowyobili<br />
quCebi mas riyeebad<br />
uqcevia, ris gamoc mosaxleobas<br />
mniSvnelovani zarali ganucdia.<br />
mdinare wiflisxevi TvalTxevis<br />
Semdeg erTob abezari da moulodnelobebiT<br />
aRsavse mdinarea<br />
sagarejoelebisaTvis. igi saTaves<br />
civ-gomboris mTiswineTSi, sagarejoelTaTvis<br />
kurortad qceul “kodas”<br />
samxreTis ferdobebze iRebs<br />
saTaves. wiflisxevis kalapoti<br />
gvalvian zafxulSi mSral xevad<br />
iqceva xolme, samagierod, gazafxulis<br />
wvimian amindebSi mas veRaravin<br />
scnobs-giJsa da gadareuls.<br />
wiflisxevi miedineba CrdiloeTidan<br />
samxreT-aRmosavleTis mimar-<br />
TulebiT, gverdiT gauvlis agarak<br />
<strong>qalaq</strong> sagarejoSi gamaval<br />
xevebs Soris erT_erT “abezar”<br />
xevs warmoadgens tikiaura,<br />
romelic saTaves iRebs <strong>qalaq</strong>is<br />
CrdiloeTiT, “mTavvarmowamis” qvemoT,<br />
qurxulebis sasaflaosa da<br />
“wminda marines” eklesiis bolos.<br />
Semdeg gaivlis “nacvliaanT gorasa”<br />
da “qvliviZeebis ubans”Soris<br />
da gaemarTeba <strong>qalaq</strong>is centrisaken,<br />
gadakveTs daviT aRmaSeneblis quCas,<br />
Caivlis WavWavaZis, kaxeTis quCebs,<br />
gadakveTs respublikuri mniSvnelobis<br />
saavtomobilo gzatkecils<br />
da gezs “kostafisken” aiRebs.<br />
kokonaurs, lapriansa da nasadgomars,<br />
gadakveTs kaxeTis rkinigzas<br />
tikiaura<br />
sainteresoa toponim “tikiauras”<br />
etimologiac, romelic xeobis<br />
adidebis dros daerqva. adidebul<br />
xevs Tan mohqonda erT_erTi<br />
ojaxidan motacebuli RviniT savse<br />
tiki... Tu adre tikiaura adidebis<br />
dros did zians ayenebda <strong>sagarejos</strong>,<br />
axla betonis artaxebSia Camjdari,<br />
moTvinierebulia da rogori wyaldidobac<br />
ar unda iyos, mSvidad aris<br />
<strong>qalaq</strong>is mosaxleobac.<br />
garejelebi #3, agvisto, 2012w<br />
da mdinare iors mierTvis agarak<br />
yoruRTan.<br />
lekiaura<br />
patara Rele lekiaura moicavs<br />
<strong>qalaq</strong>is gulisaSvilisa da<br />
nawilobriv qeTevan wamebulis<br />
quCebis teritorias da xSiri<br />
wvimebis dros axsenebs Tavs mosaxleobas.<br />
adre, vidre sagarejo<br />
farTod ganaSeniandeboda, aq mxolod<br />
tye-buCqnari iyo da lekianobis<br />
dros lekebis samalavs<br />
warmoadgenda, sadac <strong>sagarejos</strong>a da<br />
giorgiwmindis gasayarze Znelbedobis<br />
dros lekebi imalebodnen da<br />
itacebdnen sagarejoel da giorgiwmindel<br />
gogo-biWebs. lekiaura<br />
axla Cveni <strong>qalaq</strong>is erT-erTi<br />
keTilmowyobili savaWro da kulturuli<br />
centria.
garejelebi #3, agvisto, 2012w<br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong> samxreTidan Sexedav<br />
Tu ara TvalTxevis didebul<br />
xeobas, <strong>sagarejos</strong> CrdiloeTidan<br />
tyiT Seburul gorakebSi Tavze<br />
lamazi gvirgviniviT adgas tyis<br />
samosSi gaxveuli klde, romelsac<br />
marTlac Tavisi xnovanebis gamo<br />
xalxi “beber kldes” eZaxis.<br />
“beber kldeze” mravali legend-<br />
garejuli legendebidan kidev<br />
erTi legendaa dakavSirebuli<br />
civ_kodas RirsSesaniSnaobebTan.<br />
erTi maTgani exeba e. w. “civ _ kodas”<br />
“saZiles”, romelic warmoadgens<br />
civ _ gomboris mTebTan “civ _ kodas”<br />
damakavSirebel sacalfexo biliks,<br />
romelic sakurorto sezonze<br />
yvela xelmarjve damsveneblisaTvis<br />
sportuli Sejibris adgils<br />
warmoadgens. es sacalfexo_culispira<br />
biliki iwyeba kurortis<br />
dasavleTis mxridan da miemarTeba<br />
kurortis Crdilo-aRmosavleTis<br />
mimarTulebiT da mTavrdeba civis<br />
mTis dakbilul kldemde, misi sigrZe<br />
daaxloebiT erTi kilometria<br />
da sportuli TvalsazrisiT saxifaToa<br />
misi gadalaxva. arsebobs legenda,<br />
romlis mixedviT warsulSi,<br />
“lekianobis” dros es viwro gasasvleli<br />
daRestnel marbiel lekebs<br />
gamoyenebuli hqondaT garejeli<br />
gogo_biWebis mosataceblad da am<br />
bilikiT, civ_gomboris mTebis gavliT<br />
daRestanSi gadasayvanad.<br />
meTvramete saukunis meore naxevarSi<br />
qarTl_kaxeTis mefe erekle<br />
meoris Svilma levan batoniSvil-<br />
aa SeTxzuli. igi saukuneebis man-<br />
Zilze warmoadgenda sagarejoelTa<br />
sportuli garTobisa da sanadimod<br />
TavSeyris adgils.<br />
“beber kldes” ukan mxridan dasdevs<br />
erTi damreci, tyiani adgili,<br />
romelic uwin erTgvari sportuli<br />
Sekrebis saasparezo iyo. upirveles<br />
civ _ kodas<br />
`saZile~<br />
ma lekebis bandituri qmedebebis<br />
asalagmavad sagarejoSi marjve Wabukebis<br />
razmi Camoayaliba, romelsac<br />
saTaveSi sagarejoeli vaJkaci qvliviZe<br />
Cauy<strong>ena</strong>, metsaxelad_”bauja”.<br />
baujam Sekriba qvliviZeebis, qurxulebis<br />
da Tolomasvilebis mar-<br />
11<br />
`beberi klde”<br />
yovlisa, cxenebiT jiriTis dros.<br />
huneebze amxedrebuli Wabukebi<br />
erTmaneTs ejibrebodnen, vin ufro<br />
swrafad _ mowyvetiT SeaCerebda<br />
cxens kldis pirze.<br />
arsebobs aseTi Tqmuleba imis<br />
Sesaxeb, rom odasRac sagarejoSi<br />
(Tvalze) cxovrobda erTi saukeTeso<br />
mojiriTe mzeWabuki, romelic<br />
cxenosanTa Sejibrebis dros yovelTvis<br />
gamarjvebuli gamodioda.<br />
erT_erTi Sejibrebis dros mze-<br />
Wabuks sanaZleo hqonda dadebuli<br />
Tavis mowinaaRmdegesTan. am pirobis<br />
Tanaxmad, mzeWabuks Tavisi<br />
gaWenebuli hune kldis piramde<br />
unda mieyvana, hune ukana fexebiT<br />
kldeze yalyze Semdgari swrafad<br />
unda Semoebrunebina da ukanve<br />
gamoeWenebina. mzeWabukma moigo is<br />
Sejibri, magram moSurnem Sari moudo_es<br />
fandi ujero iyoo. dainiSna<br />
axali Sejibri da roca mzeWabukma<br />
Sejibri moigo da misi cxeni ukana<br />
fexebiT yalyze iyo Semdgari, daiquxa<br />
Tofma da mzeWabuki cxenianad<br />
ufskrulSi gadaiCexa.<br />
jve Wabukebisgan mebrZoli razmi<br />
da uvnebelyo moTareSe lekTa<br />
bandebi. marTalia, bauja Ralatis<br />
msxverpli gaxda, magram madlierma<br />
garejelebma ukvdavyves misi saxeli.<br />
axlac q. <strong>sagarejos</strong> zemoubanSi<br />
arsebobs baujas saxelobis quCa da<br />
madlieri sagarejoelebi am saxels<br />
zogierT axaldabadebul yrmas baujas<br />
saxels arqmeven. “saZile” ki sapatio<br />
toponimi Cveni <strong>qalaq</strong>isa.
12<br />
xatikaklebi<br />
xatikaklebi lekiauras mimdebare<br />
toponimia da adre<br />
warmoadgenda giorgiwmindisa da<br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong> bunebriv sazRvars da<br />
gasarTob adgils. aqve mdebareobda<br />
RvTismSoblis patara eklesia,<br />
romelic daangries komunisturi<br />
aTeizmis wlebSi gasuli saukunis<br />
30_ian wlebSi da mis adgilze aaSenes<br />
sagarejoSi pirveli sabavSvo<br />
baga_baRi.<br />
xatikaklebi warmoadgenda ra<br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong> bohemuri cxovrebisa<br />
da garTobis tradiciul adgils,<br />
1912 wels aq saZirkveli Caeyara<br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong> saxalxo Teatrs, romlis<br />
Senobac 1993 wlamdearsebobda. 1936<br />
wels aqve saZirkveli Caeyara <strong>qalaq</strong><br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong> pirvel sajaro skolas.<br />
1990_ian wlebSi aq arsebuli<br />
kulturis saxli Seisyida ker-<br />
Zo mewarmem da mis adgilze axla<br />
ganTavsebulia supermarketi da<br />
maRazia “eliteleqtroniksis” centri.<br />
xatikaklebi gadaiqca <strong>qalaq</strong>is<br />
ert_erT keTilmowyobil centrad.<br />
aqve funqcionirebs <strong>qalaq</strong>is<br />
pirveli sajaro skola, sxvadasxva<br />
farTo moxmarebis marketingebi da<br />
sayofacxovrebo daniSnulebis obieqtebi,<br />
erT_erTi keTilmowyobili<br />
sabavSvo baga_baRi. maT mezoblad<br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong> sportuli kompleqsi<br />
fexburTis stadioniT.<br />
`somxis ubani~<br />
mdinare TvalTxevis marcx<strong>ena</strong><br />
sanapiroze mWidrod dasaxlebul<br />
ubans `somxis ubani~ ewodeba,<br />
romelic wina saukuneebSi faqtiurad<br />
`zemo Tvals~ warmoadgenda.<br />
`somxis ubani~ daerqva mas Semdeg,<br />
rac aq XVIII saukunis 70-ian wleb-<br />
Si qarTl-kaxeTis mefe erekle II-m<br />
yarabaRisa da erevnis saxanoebidan<br />
qarTl-kaxeTSi Camoasaxla eTnikurad<br />
somexi da gasomxebuli albanelebi.<br />
maTgan erTi didi jgufi<br />
sagarejoSi da garekaxeTis soflebSic<br />
Caasaxla SereviT.<br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong> axlandeli `somxis<br />
ubani~ rom ZvelTaganve qar-<br />
Tuli mosaxleobiT iyo mWidrod<br />
dasaxlebuli, es iqidanac Cans, rom<br />
aq arsebobda sakmaod mozrdili<br />
cixe-simagre, romelic Telavis<br />
cixis analogi iyo. am cixis fragmentebi<br />
exlac SeiniSneba egreTwodebul<br />
somxis ubanSi. erekle II-m<br />
somexi repatriantebi <strong>sagarejos</strong><br />
maSindel mamasaxliss (mouravs)<br />
Caabara da masve daavala _ ezruna<br />
maTi usafrTxoebisaTvis. maSindel<br />
qarTl-kaxeTSi daRestneli abragebi<br />
sparseTis Sahebisa da osmalo<br />
sulTanebis davalebiT qarTul mosaxleobas<br />
musrs avlebdnen, amitom<br />
repatriant somxebs asaxlebdnen iq,<br />
sadac TavdacviTi nagebobebi arsebobda<br />
mosaxleobis dasacavad.<br />
swored aseTi adgili iyo sagarejoSi<br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong> cixe. somxuri<br />
mosaxleoba daasaxles am cixis<br />
irgvliv im TvalsazrisiT, rom<br />
lekianobis dros adamianebs moeswroT<br />
Tavis Sefareba. droTa man-<br />
Zilze gansakuTrebiT XIX saukunis<br />
dasawyisidan somxuri mosaxleoba<br />
TandaTan cixis kedlebis SigniTac<br />
Sesaxlda TviTneburad da cixis<br />
kedlebs miaSenes Tavisi sacxovre-<br />
beli saxlebic. saqme iqiT wavida,<br />
rom ruseTis mier saqarTvelos<br />
SeerTebis Semdeg <strong>sagarejos</strong> cix-<br />
em faqtiurad dakarga TavdacviTi<br />
funqcia da gadaiqca eTnikurad<br />
somxuri mosaxleobis sacxovrebel<br />
sakarmidamod da ukontrolod dai-<br />
wyes kidec am cixis dangreva-gada-<br />
keTeba.<br />
aRniSnuli cixis teritoriaze<br />
SemdgomSi qarTulma mosaxleo-<br />
bamac daido bina da axla somxis<br />
ubanSi Sexmatkbilebulad cxov-<br />
roben, rogorc asimilirebuli da<br />
gaqarTvelebuli somxebi, aseve sx-<br />
vadasxva kuTxidan Camosaxlebuli<br />
qarTvelebi.<br />
garejelebi #3, agvisto, 2012w<br />
maxias wyaroebi<br />
toponimi “maxia” mdebareobs<br />
mdinare TvalTxevis marcx-<br />
<strong>ena</strong> sanapiroze. “maxia” sagarejoel-<br />
Ta dasasvenebeli da drostarebis<br />
erT-erT saukeTeso wyaroTa gamosadinebel<br />
adgils warmoadgens. “maxias”<br />
wyaroebs saTave aqvs sadRac,<br />
kavkasionis erT-erT did myinvarTan<br />
da dadgeba Tu ara kavkasiis did<br />
mTagrexilze myinvarebisa da Tovlis<br />
dnobis sezoni “maxiac” maSin<br />
cocxldeba da misi wiaRidan maisidan<br />
oqtombramde uwyvet nakadad<br />
moCqefs macocxlebeli wyaroebi.<br />
TuSis wyali”<br />
“TuSis wyali” saTaves iRebs nasoflar<br />
dreiZis maxloblad, Waobian<br />
adgilebSi, gezs iRebs Crdilo_aRmosavleTisaken,<br />
gaivlis adgil<br />
“nav<strong>ena</strong>xobTan” (iq 70 _ ian wlebSi<br />
sapatimro kolonias saRoreebi da<br />
saxlebi hqonda aSenebuli) gaivlis<br />
patara tafobs da TvalTxevs erTvis<br />
dasavleTis mxridan, “saTavis”<br />
zeviT.<br />
“TuSis wyals” sxva mimarTulebac<br />
aqvs,Tu mas Zveli ninowmidisken<br />
waviyvanT samxreTisaken, maSin es<br />
wyali ninowmidelebsac moemsaxureba.<br />
asec yofila ZvelTaganve da<br />
asea axlac. ninowmidas sasmeli da<br />
teqnikuri wylis sxva wyaro arsad<br />
aqvT, qananas wyali da “dedabris xevis”<br />
naJurebi mxolod adgilobrivi<br />
mniSvnelobisaa da sofels verasodes<br />
daakmayofilebda sasmeli<br />
wyliT.<br />
rac Seexeba toponim “nav<strong>ena</strong>xobs”,<br />
aq marTlac mosaxleobas ucxovria,<br />
amis damadastureblad uamravi<br />
namosaxlari da namarnalia. mosaxleobas<br />
sruliad akmayofilebda<br />
“TuSis wyali”. AAOBLEB
garejelebi #3, agvisto, 2012w<br />
lapriani”<br />
dasasruli<br />
leTidan-”kostafe” da “gamwvaneba”.<br />
laprianSi, garda mosaxleobis<br />
baRCa_v<strong>ena</strong>xebisa, xexilis<br />
baRebisa da v<strong>ena</strong>xebisa, garkveuli<br />
farTobi dakavebuli aqvs<br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong> satyeo meurneobis<br />
kaklisa da sxva nayofieri tyis<br />
jiSebis koromebs.<br />
lapriani meoce saukunis<br />
pirveli naxevris 10-ian wlebamde<br />
warmoadgenda erTian<br />
sasoflo _sameurneo savarguls,<br />
magram kaxeTis rkinigzis<br />
mSeneblobis dawyebisas<br />
1912_1914wlebSi TiTqmis Suaze<br />
gaiyo da rkinigzis mSeneblobis<br />
dasasrulisaTvis aq warmoiSva<br />
sakmaod mozrdili muSaTa daba_<br />
dasaxleba, rkinigzis sadgur<br />
“<strong>sagarejos</strong>” irgvliv dasaxldnen<br />
aqauri mSeneblobis ubinao<br />
muSa_mosamsaxureebi da rkinigzis<br />
sadguris TanamSromlebi da<br />
specialistebi. aqve ganlagda<br />
rkinigzis infrastruqtura, sasawyobo<br />
da savaWro obieqtebiT.<br />
laprianis istoriaSi didi<br />
movl<strong>ena</strong> iyo qvemo samgoris<br />
grandiozuli sarwyavi qselis<br />
mSenebloba 1961_70-ian wlebSi,<br />
sadac bina daido “wyalmSenis”<br />
qvemo samgoris mexuTe samSeneblo_samontaJo<br />
sammarTvelom,<br />
romlis bazazedac rkinigzis<br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong> sadguris mimdebare<br />
“nasadgomaris” teritoriaze<br />
warmoiSva mSeneblobis muSaTa<br />
daba_dasaxleba Tavisi rTuli<br />
da mravalsaxovani infrastruqturiT.<br />
laprianis teritoria gadakveTa<br />
qvemo samgoris sarwyavi<br />
qselis marcx<strong>ena</strong> magistralurma<br />
arxma Tavisi satumbavi sadgurebiT,<br />
romelmac gaasarwyava<br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong>a da giorgiwmindis<br />
500 heqtarze meti miwa.<br />
A laprians udidesi istoriuli<br />
warsulica aqvs. aq miwis<br />
Rrma xvnisa da miwis samuSaoebis<br />
dros aRmoCnda umdidresi<br />
arqeologiuri Zeglebi, romlebic<br />
mauwyebelni arian im didi<br />
istoriuli warsulisa, rasac<br />
laprianis miwa inaxavs Tavis wiaRSi<br />
. aq miwis Rrma xvnis dros<br />
gasuli saukunis 80-ian wlebSi<br />
aRmoCnda yorRanuli samarxi,<br />
romlis xnovanoba Cvens wel-<br />
TaRricxvamde mesame aTaswleulis<br />
Sua wlebiT TariRdeba.<br />
“lapriani” qarTuli enis<br />
ganmartebiTi leqsikonisa da<br />
sulxan_saba orbelianis “sity-<br />
vis konas” ganmartebiT sityvis<br />
Ziri “lapri”, igive muxas niSnavs,<br />
rac imas gvauwyebs, rom aq<br />
uwin muxis tyeebi yofila.<br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong> raionSi agarak<br />
“yoruRis” mimdebare teritoriaze<br />
laprianis msgavsi toponimi<br />
“laprebic” gvaqvs, romelic<br />
giorgiwmindis sasoflo<br />
Temis sakuTrebaa. es topinimic<br />
muxidan warmodgeba, rasac adasturebs<br />
“yoruRis” muxnari tye.<br />
`saxoxbis Wala~<br />
<strong>qalaq</strong> <strong>sagarejos</strong> mraval<br />
RirsSesaniSnav toponimTa Soris<br />
Tavisi romantikuli silamaziT<br />
gamoirCeva mdinare ioris<br />
marcx<strong>ena</strong> sanapiroze mdebare<br />
bunebis Zegli `saxoxbis Wala~.<br />
TviTon toponimis semantika<br />
migvaniSnebs rom es adgili<br />
odiTganve yofila bunebis uiSviaTesi<br />
qmnilebis _ xoxbebis<br />
sauflo. am midamos amSvenebs<br />
erastos muxa, romelic aseve<br />
bunebis uiSviaTes Zegls warmoadgens<br />
Tavisi deviviT gaSlili<br />
aswlovani totebiT.<br />
legendebi da Tqmulebebi am<br />
miTiuri Walis Sesaxeb iqmneboda<br />
da samaradJamod ukvdavyofda<br />
mis saxels. ai, Tundac erTi<br />
istoriuli qronika, romelic<br />
Semogvinaxa istoriulma foliantebma<br />
XVII saukunidan.<br />
mosaxleobis mudmiv aoxrebaze<br />
da dasaxlebis xelaxla Senebaze<br />
mraval masalas iZleva daviT<br />
garejis, e.i. ninowmindelis samwysoSi<br />
Semavali monastris sabuTebi.<br />
erT maTganSi, romelic<br />
TariRdeba 1651 wliT. rogorc<br />
am sabuTidan Cans XVII saukunis<br />
tragedia (Sah-abasis Semosevebi)<br />
ise auria aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi<br />
miwis mflobelobisa da<br />
miwaTsargeblobis kanonebi, rom<br />
daviT garejis kuTvnili mamulebi<br />
Secilebis sababi gamxdara<br />
sagarejoelTa (TvalelTa)<br />
da ninowmindelTa Soris, ris gamoc<br />
qarTl-kaxeTis mefe rostomi<br />
(1632-1658ww) iZulebuli gamxdara<br />
komisia Seeqmna am sadao<br />
sakiTxis gadasawyvetad. maSin<br />
ninowmindis kaTedralis mTavarepiskoposi<br />
yofila zaqaria mayaSvili,<br />
xolo <strong>sagarejos</strong> samouraos<br />
gamgebeli legendaruli<br />
sufraji biZina ColoyaSvili.<br />
`saxoxbis Walaze~ ciloba hqoniaT<br />
rogorc ninowmindelebs,<br />
ise sagarejoelebs. am sadao<br />
sakiTxSi Careuli yofila mcxeTis<br />
kaTalikosic, vinaidan daviT<br />
garejis kuTvnili mamulebi<br />
13<br />
erToblivi marTvisaTvis jer<br />
kidev XV saukuneSi erTiani<br />
saqarTvelos mefe aleqsandre<br />
I-is mier gadacemuli iyo mcxeTis<br />
sakaTalikososaTvis.<br />
rostom mefis mier Seqmnil<br />
komisiaSi Seyvanili iyvnen rogorc<br />
ninowmindelis, ise Tvalis<br />
mcxovrebTagan damtkicebuli<br />
kacebi, xolo ficis msvlelobisaTvis<br />
zedamxedvelobisaTvis<br />
kontroli unda gaewiaT mcxe-<br />
Tel rwmunebulebs.<br />
ai, rogor gadmogvcems saxoxbis<br />
Walis damficebelTa process<br />
zemoaRniSnuli sabuTi:<br />
`da Semoeyarnen erTobilni<br />
Tvalelni da aisvenes xati wmidis<br />
ninosi da wagviZRvnen saxoxbis<br />
Walas da qvemo sacilobeli<br />
iyo karga gzis qvemoT da<br />
davdeqiT sacilobel alagze<br />
da sadamdisac cilobdnen da<br />
daifica gulbaTiSvilma da er-<br />
TobiT TvalelTa, da amoiares<br />
da daifica dreiZem beJitama da<br />
mivediT da Suazeda da daifica<br />
eTiberas Svilma, da mivediT<br />
nawisqululelTana da orma<br />
quruxulma, da movediT Tavsa<br />
xevis pirsa da daifices erTobiT<br />
TvalelTa da sul saxoxbis<br />
Wala asre gamoifices, rome<br />
mkvidrad da Seucileblad svetiscxovelsa<br />
da Tvaluri iyos<br />
da asre gavsamarTldeT da gadaswyviteT,<br />
rome vera ninowmindeli,<br />
vera misi yma ver Semoecilos<br />
saxoxbis Walasa~.<br />
Tavis droze fics savsebiT<br />
daurwmunebisa mosamarTleni<br />
Wala TvalelTaTvis miukuTvnebiaT,<br />
kaTalikosi qristafore<br />
krulvasac ki uTvlis gadawyvetilebis<br />
damrRvevT (istoriuli<br />
sabuTebi, IV Tbilisi, 1913w<br />
gv 33-34).<br />
`saxoxbis Walaze~, am miTiur<br />
samoTxeze cilobis, davis mxolod<br />
erTi dokumenti moviyvaneT,<br />
mravali ki ukan aris.<br />
am madlian miwas sxva dro-<br />
Jamzedac mravali istoriuli<br />
faqti daufiqsirebia, rac metad<br />
sainteresoa gaxseneba, Tundac<br />
qarTl-kaxeTis legendaruli mefis<br />
erekle II saidulo Sexvedra<br />
1789 wels osmaleTis elCTan<br />
axalcixis faSasTan. swored<br />
`saxoxbis Wala~ iyo is faruli<br />
adgili, raTa ruseTis warmomadgenels<br />
TbilisSi ar Seetyo am<br />
faruli Sexvedris Sesaxeb.<br />
kidev mravali Sexvedra dafiqsirebula<br />
legendaruli aswlovani<br />
muxis totebis qveS.<br />
axla ki `saxoxbis Wala~ upatronobiTgaZarcul-gapartaxebuli<br />
uRimRamod Tvlems Tavisi<br />
saxelovani warsulis mogonebebSi.
14<br />
`bazris ubani~<br />
sagarejoSi e.w. `bazris ubani~<br />
(yofili stalinis quCa, amJamad<br />
erekle II-s quCa) erT-erTi uZvelesi<br />
dasaxleba Cans iqidanac, rom<br />
am quCis TavSi mdinare TvalTx-<br />
`qviani~<br />
<strong>qalaq</strong> <strong>sagarejos</strong> erT-erT ubans<br />
qviani ewodeba, romelic iwyeba<br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong> eleqtrogadamcemi qvesadguris<br />
saxanZro razmis, yofili<br />
vetsamkurnalos teritoriidan da<br />
grZeldeba toponim kostafes saz-<br />
Rvrebamde. adgili `qviani~ erT-er-<br />
Ti uZvelesi dausaxlebeli da soflis<br />
meurneobisTvis gamouyenebeli<br />
adgili iyo, romelsac iyenebdnen<br />
sanagved da moaruli epidemiebiT<br />
masobrivad gardacvlili adamianebis<br />
sasaflaod.<br />
miuxedavad amisa, <strong>qalaq</strong>is zrdis<br />
kvalobaze qvianic ki mWidrod iqna<br />
dasaxlebuli XX saukunis 30-iani<br />
wlebis Semdeg.<br />
mas Semdeg rac kaxeTis saavto-<br />
evis marcx<strong>ena</strong> sanapiroze XX saukunis<br />
30-ian wlebamde idga ioane<br />
naTlismcemlis saxelobis ulamazesi,<br />
gumbaTiani TeTri eklesia,<br />
romelic sabWoTa xelisuflebis<br />
30-ian wlebamde iTvleboda <strong>sagarejos</strong><br />
erT-erT moqmed, marTlmadideb-<br />
garejelebi #3, agvisto, 2012w<br />
el eklesiad. eklesia komunisturi<br />
xelisuflebis mier gauqmebul iqna,<br />
xolo misi moZRvari dapatimrebuli.<br />
am eklesiis mRvdlis sacxovrebel<br />
saxlSi (axlandel <strong>sagarejos</strong> `moswavle-axalgazrdobis<br />
saxli) bina<br />
daido <strong>sagarejos</strong> raionulma `Cekam~,<br />
xolo gauqmebuli eklesia samWoTa<br />
adgilobrivi xelisuflebis gadawyvetilebiT<br />
saZirkvlianad daangries<br />
da jer skveri gaaSenes, xolo<br />
gasuli saukunis 60-ian wlebSi aaSenes<br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong> I sabavSvo baRis<br />
Senoba.<br />
bazris ubani gasuli saukunis<br />
30-ian wlebSi warmoadgenda <strong>sagarejos</strong><br />
administraciul centrs, sadac<br />
yofil garsiaSvilebis binaSi mo-<br />
Tavsebuli iyo partiis <strong>sagarejos</strong><br />
raikomi (1954 wlamde).<br />
ufro adre ki XIX saukunis 70-ian<br />
wlebSi am quCaze moTavsebuli iyo<br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong> mamasaxlisis rezidencia,<br />
maSindeli <strong>sagarejos</strong> mamasaxlisis,<br />
zurab makantalaSvilis iniciativiTa<br />
da xelSewyobiT yofil<br />
buzariaSvilebis nakveTSi 1874-75<br />
wlebSi aSenda I dawyebiTi tipis<br />
orklasiani saswavleblis Senoba.<br />
mobilo magistralma <strong>qalaq</strong>is centridan ufro samxreTiT gadmoinacvla,<br />
`qvianis~ teritoriaze aSenda mTeli<br />
rigi saxelmwifo warmoeba-dawesebulebebi.<br />
<strong>sagarejos</strong> sainkubatoro<br />
sadguri 1949 wels, wyalTa meurneobis<br />
administraciuli orsarTuliani<br />
Senoba (1971-74ww). <strong>sagarejos</strong> raionuli<br />
vetsamkurnalo sadguri (1955-<br />
56ww), <strong>sagarejos</strong> IV saSualo skola<br />
(1978w), <strong>sagarejos</strong> sakonservo da Rvinis<br />
qarxnebi (1961-68ww) da rac mTavaria<br />
kaxeTis saavtomobili magistralis<br />
marjv<strong>ena</strong> da marcx<strong>ena</strong> napirebze<br />
gaSenda sacxovrebeli ubnebi. amave<br />
teritoriaze aSenda <strong>sagarejos</strong> #2<br />
sabavSvo baRi. rac dro gadis toponimi<br />
`qviani~ daviwyebas eZleva.
xatikaklebi<br />
xatikaklebi
petre-pavles saxelobis eklesia sagarejoSi<br />
Tvalwminda giorgis saxelobis eklesia
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