római kori villák történeti - Budapesti Corvinus Egyetem

latinfundium belonged to the villas in each case: from the size and quality of the buildings
we could draw conclusions regarding the size of the property. The typical size of the
estates on Balaton Highland could be the medium-sized estate of 20-125 hectares.
The landscape is the witness of history: the people of different ages have changed the
environment according to their own desire. Therefore interdisciplinary landscape
archaeology could help to get to know the past. The scientific objects of the landscape
archaeological researches are the contact of the former-land and the way of living. The
scientific objects of the landscape archaeological researches are the contact of the formerland
and the way of living. The goal of these researches is mapping and placing of the
archaeological objects.
Environmental archaeology is a fast developing multidisciplinary science in our
time, the researches of which are based on comparing archaeological, historical data, and
also maps and the terrain. The connections of so-called earth covered monuments (for
example roads, buildings) could be explored with the help of the modern relief, from which
conclusions could be drawn to the presumable historical landscape. A gradual approach
change can be observed in the Central European archaeology in the past decades: not only
the archaeological objects, but the environment of these comes to the front, open to the
scale of landscape. The human activity has a powerful effect on its environment in every
Ages. With the disappearance of the different using modes, the nature still retaines the
tracks of these activities, though the intervention of the later Ages (for example ploughing,
settling on), or the changes after natural forces (e. g. erosion) cause new changes, which
could be usually separated.
The Balaton Highland was particularly suitable for settling, for the villas and
other settlements with rural character (the so-called vicus), building for agricultural and
handicraft production. I determined my study area in a 16 km wide zone around the
eastern, northern and western shore of the Lake Balaton: cities were not developed in this
zone, this way I may have a clear view about the rural life form while the examination of
the find places without urban settlement forms.
I examined the environment of 189 sites found in the volumes of Magyarország
Régészeti Topográfiája (Archaeological Topography of Hungary) and other archaeological
literatures: the description of the environment are usually succinct in these materials, the
authors relied on describing primarily the surface phenomena (e. g. debris) at determining
the objects. Fundamental changes in the terrain can not be calculated in the last one and a
half millennia: only some radical anthropogenic interferences were generated in this zone,
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