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Folia Anthropologica 11; 51−53. (2012)
FOUR CIRCADIAN AND TWO CIRCASEMIDIAN PERIODS
IN SLEEP-WAKEFULNESS OF A MAN ON A SELF-
SELECTED ROUTINE *
John F. Costella 1 , Franz Halberg 2 , Dewayne Hillman 2 , Miroslav Mikulecky 3 ,
Germaine Cornélissen 2
1 Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
2 Halberg Chronobiology Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
3 Bratislava, Slovakia
A free-running experiment (COSTELLA) is based on an hourly record of sleeping and waking by
JFC (1990.02.19 to 1993.03.11, 1117 days). The original spectrum reveals a dominating 2-peaked
about 12-hour (h) component, the slightly longer period, τ, of the second peak perhaps corresponding
to a tidal τ. The peak at 24 h was also accompanied by a second smaller peak, perhaps corresponding
to a double tidal τ, Figure 1.
Figure 1. Fourier power spectral density of a clinically healthy man (JFC) on a self-selected sleepwake
schedule
A double tidal 24.8-h (lunar) τ and another 24-h synchronized τ, were both present and alternated
in prominence in a 61-year-old woman, JF, with a 20-year history of twice-yearly, 2-3 months,
adynamic depression, during which the 24.8-h τ predominated while the 24-h synchronized τ had the
* Based on the paper read at the International Congress “Natural Cataclysms and Global Problems of the Modern
Civilization”. Istanbul, 19–21 September, 2011.
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