2009/9. - Országos Mezőgazdasági Könyvtár

504 NÖVÉNYVÉDELEM 45 (9), 2009
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MUTAGENICITY TESTS AND MUTAGENIC SIDE-EFFECTS OF CERTAIN PESTICIDES
Katalin Bokán, 1,2 Ágnes Fejes, 2,3 István Soós, 4 Gábor Fekete 1,2 and Béla Darvas 1,2
1 Szent István University and Department of Ecotoxicology of Plant Protection Institute, Gödöllô-Budapest
2 Department of Ecotoxicology and Environmental Chemistry, Plant Protection Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences,
Budapest
3 Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Science, Budapest
4 Szent István University, Faculty of Pedagogy, Institute of Science and Health Education, Szarvas
It is estimated that there are approximately a hundred thousand types of synthetic chemicals and
many millions natural compounds present as components of Earth. Living organisms are being
exposed to these natural and industrial chemicals through food, water and air. It is proven that eighty
percent of all cancerous diseases are caused by mutagen contamination. The connection between
carcinogenic and mutagenic compounds are strong, therefore, it is highly necessary for us to be able
to detect the mutagenic effects of the agricultural chemicals. The three levels of mutation (gene
mutation, clastogenecity and aneuploidy) should be covered in a limited number of tests. In case of
a positive in vitro test, the potentially mutagenic substance should be studied in vivo in order to
determine whether the in vitro genotoxic potential is expressed in vivo. Eighteen percent of all
currently known chemicals, which display mutagenic effects during at least one test, are pesticides.
Érkezett: 2009. április 1.