Market Prospects for Groundnut in West Africa COMMON FUND ...

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sex-linked difference. Nutritional status in animals, particularly with respect to lipotropes, proteins, vitamin A, and lipids (including cyclopropenoid fatty acids), can modify the expression of acute toxicity or carcinogenicity or both. There is little information on the association of acute hepatoxicity in man with exposure to aflatoxins but cases of acute liver damage have been encountered that could possibly be attributed to acute aflatoxicosis. A recent outbreak of acute hepatitis in adjacent districts of two neighboring states in north-west India, which affected several hundred people, was apparently associated with the ingestion of heavily contaminated maize, some samples of which contained aflatoxin levels in the mg/kg range, the highest reported level being 15 mg/kg. Liver cancer is more common in some regions of Africa and south eastern Asia than in other parts of the world and, when local epidemiological information is considered together with experimental animal data, it appears that increased exposure to aflatoxins may increase the risk of primary liver cancer. Pooled data from Kenya, Mozambique, Swaziland, and Thailand, show a positive correlation between daily dietary aflatoxin intake (in the range of 3.5 to 222.4 ng/kg body weight per day) and the crude incidence rate of primary liver cancer (ranging from 1.2 to 13.0 cases per 100 000 people per year). There is also some evidence of a vital involvement in the etiology of the disease. In view of the evidence concerning the effects, particularly the carcinogenic effects, of aflatoxins in several animal species, and in view of the association between aflatoxin exposure levels and human liver cancer incidence observed in some parts of the world, exposure to aflatoxins should be kept as low as practically achievable. The tolerance levels for food products established in several countries should be understood as management tools intended to facilitate the implementation of aflatoxin control programs, and not as exposure limits that necessarily ensure health protection. 96
Appendix 8: European buyers and brokers of groundnut The United Kingdom Abacus Trading Co. Ltd International trader in peanuts 1278 High Road, Whetstone London N20 9HH Tel: +44 (0)20 8343 9900 Fax: +44(0)20 8343 9227 Email: abacus@nuts.netkonect.co.uk Afrika Produkte (UK) Ltd Broker of edible nuts, seeds and pulses 12/14 Moor Lane, Crosby Liverpool L23 2UE Tel: +44 (0)151 9313221 Fax: +44 (0)151 9315491 Email: afrikapr@btinternet.com Barrow Lane & Ballard Ltd International distributors of peanuts, tree nuts and dates (bulk packed/processed) 52/54 Southwark Street London SE1 1UN Tel: +44 (0) 20 7357 8775 Fax: +44 (0) 20 7357 8905 Email: blb@barrow-lane.co.uk Birdsong Peanuts Peanut sheller P O Box 1400, 612 Madison Avenue Suffolk, Virginia 23434 USA Tel: +1 (804) 5393456 Fax: +1 (804) 5397360 Email: info@birdsong-peanuts.com Bond Commodities Ltd Import range of edible nuts for further manufacture New Loom House, 101 Back Church Lane London E1 1LU Tel: +44(0)20 7488 1949 Fax: +44(0)20 7488 1953 Email: info@bondcommodities. demon.co.uk Canon Garth Limited Traders of edible nuts Alexander House 31-39 London Road Sevenoaks, Kent TN13 1JY Tel: +44 (0)1732 743434 Fax: +44 (0)1732 743444 Email: cgl@ctcs.demon.co.uk Carrex International Ltd Import/export of edible nuts and dried fruit Haslington Hall, Haslington Crewe, Cheshire CW1 5RX Tel: +44 (0)1270 588722 Fax: +44 (0)1270 255050 Email: info@carrexint.co.uk Website: www.carrexint.co.uk 97
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Citation: BR Ntare, F Waliyar, M Ra
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COMMON FUND FOR COMMODITIES Stadhou
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Contents Executive Summary ........
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Executive Summary Groundnut trade i
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which prevent infection of the prod
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As the oil content of the seed vari
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2.0 West African groundnut markets
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The sub-regional market is constrai
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it is less valued given its lower p
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The primary conclusion of this stud
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3.0 Main producing countries on the
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3.3 The United States of America Ha
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2. Producers with a history of grou
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Considered an ‘aflatoxin-prone’
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3.8 Other African origins Other Afr
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The characteristics of the major in
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1 January 1999 (official journal of
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to receive special duty-free status
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In addition, a bilateral trade agre
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5.0 West Africa: Market profiles of
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the world market, Senegal and Argen
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have a liberal trade policy with no
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official market. The oil mills were
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etween markets, and over time throu
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While the harvest extends from Octo
Page 53 and 54: undertaken by collectors, as produc
Page 55 and 56: This market profile is based on the
Page 57 and 58: 9. Who buys your products (where)?
Page 59 and 60: 54 and 90 MT of in-shell groundnut
Page 61 and 62: Production and marketing Groundnut
Page 63 and 64: to reciprocate the efforts of membe
Page 65 and 66: Table 8. Regional trade implication
Page 67 and 68: 5.6 Sub-regional market price data:
Page 69 and 70: Table 11. Regional groundnut trade
Page 71 and 72: While some respondent farmers expre
Page 73 and 74: West Africa Niger A Niger country m
Page 75: Communication was undertaken, and t
Page 79 and 80: Appendix 1: Statistical analysis of
Page 81 and 82: Table 15. A 10-year profile of Euro
Page 87 and 88: Table 18. African exports of in-she
Page 89 and 90: Continued from previous page Year 1
Page 91 and 92: Appendix 2. Continued Quantity (kgs
Page 93 and 94: Appendix 3. Continued Country Commo
Page 95 and 96: Appendix 5: Quality aspects of grou
Page 97 and 98: Table 23. Tolerance limits for afla
Page 99 and 100: psychophysics. Psychophysics direct
Page 101 and 102: According to the US Food and Drug A
Page 103: There do not appear to be any publi
Page 107 and 108: Meridian Foods Ltd Producer of spec
Page 109 and 110: United Biscuits Food Division/KP Ma
Page 111 and 112: OMNITRADE Handelsgesellschaft GmbH
Page 113 and 114: Union Standard Equipment Company 80
Page 115 and 116: Once Again Nut Butter, Inc.* 12 Sou
Page 117 and 118: US Broker List Ba-Com Commodities,
Page 119 and 120: Lee County Peanut Company, Inc. 136
Page 121 and 122: John B Sanfilippo & Son, Inc. 2299
Page 123 and 124: Boakye-Yiadom L. 2003. An economic
Page 125 and 126: Onwueme IC and Sinha TD. 1991. Fiel
Page 127 and 128: FONDS COMMUN POUR LES PRODUITS DE B
Page 129 and 130: AVANT PROPOS La production, le mark
Page 131 and 132: Annexes Annexe 1 : Analyse statisti
Page 133 and 134: soit fragmentée. Les systèmes de
Page 135 and 136: 4 1.0 Introduction La présente ét
Page 137 and 138: sous forme de snack. Plus de la moi
Page 139 and 140: 2.2 Caractéristiques du marché de
Page 141 and 142: Tableau 2 : Analyse des coûts de t
Page 143 and 144: Arachide de bouche Tandis que le so
Page 145 and 146: La conclusion primaire de cette ét
Page 147 and 148: Pour le moment, le projet pourrait
Page 149 and 150: Alors que le rôle des règlements
Page 151 and 152: finalement pas d’utilisation prat
Page 153 and 154: 22 (TRQ) est toujours en place mais
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marché européen - ne sont pas tr
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Surveillance (SGS). Cette polarisat
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Les caractéristiques des principau
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En plus de ces nouvelles tendances,
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initiale pour établir la confiance
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Considérant que le but du Programm
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ci-dessus), la demande locale d’a
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taux de change officiel très fluid
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Enquête sur le secteur de l’arac
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conservatrice du producteur est exp
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comme indiqué ci-dessus. Quelques
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À la différence du Sénégal, des
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Figure 3. Fluctuations saisonnière
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Kolokani Comme Kita, Kolokani est l
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Le volume vendu par les grossistes
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Commerce d’arachide / Questionnai
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Résultats de l’étude Niamey Nia
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Les grossistes de Maradi font un b
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les pays producteurs sur les politi
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et la demande fluctuent contre le t
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Bien que la moyenne sous-régionale
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Tableau 10. Prix nationaux du march
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5.7 Observations supplémentaires S
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70 6.0 Historique et méthodologie
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objectifs de l’étude. Une visite
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Appendices 75
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Tableau 14. Douze meilleurs pays ex
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Suite de la page précédente 80 An
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Tableau 19. Exportations africaines
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Annexe 2 : Liste de prix des échan
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Annexe 3 : Politiques commerciales
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Annexe 4 : Importations d’arachid
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94 teneur en humidité : entre 6 et
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Tableau 24. Niveaux maximum possibl
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grâce à sa saveur naturelle, un g
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comme Cuba, la Malaisie et le Portu
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produisant souvent simultanément,
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peut augmenter le risque de cancer
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CJ Wildbird Foods Ltd Manufacturers
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Premier Fruit & Nut Ltd Premier Hou
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The Nut Company B.V. Bedrijvenpark
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Annexe 9 : Liste d’adresses des E
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Specialties Appliance Corp. 715 Sou
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Lincoln Snacks Company 4 High Ridge
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O’connor and Company, Inc. P.O. B
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Sessions Company, Inc. P.O. Box 31-
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Tara Foods A Division of the Kroger
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