effet du nombre des graphèmes en Anglais - Aix Marseille Université

244Appendice I1994). Our stratagem of nested modeling may appear like something leading us close to what Newell (1990)called the "Popperian damnation", i.e. the risk to "kill" theories via falsificationism before one even has thetime to know their true potential. But apart from the fact that Newell's interpretation of Popper's ideas issimply naive and uninformed, we think that nested modeling is a valuable method to tackle this basic problem: By facilitating unification of a single model or family of models, it should also facilitate unificationof competing models. Even Newell (1990) -not to be suspected to be a "Popperian"- urges cognitive theoreticiansto start by unifying their own theory before attacking a grand unified theory of cognition, which accordingto our view, can only result from strong inference competition in a pluralistic, pragmatic but principle-orientedmodeling perspective. Nested modeling can considerably contribute to that unification.In sum, our bet is that the establishment of a set of standard criteria for model comparison and evaluationserves this aim of theoretical integration. Since it does not at all exclude parallel anarcho-creative modelingenterprises à la Feyerabend (1975), why should we not give it a try 10 ? If we do not solve this problem, thesecond facet of this first challenge simply risks to remain a challenge forever!REFERENCESAnderson, J.R. (1990). The adaptive character of thought . Hillsdale, NJ : ErlbaumAndrews, S. (1982). Phonological recoding : Is the regularity effect consistent? Memory and Cognition, 10 , 565-575.Arbib, M.A.,& Kaplan, D. (1979). Neurolinguistics must be computational. Behavioral and Brain Sciences , 2 ,449-483.Baayen, R. H., Piepenbrock, R., & van Rijn, H. (1993). The CELEX Lexical Database (CD-ROM). Linguistic DataConsortium, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.Balota, D. A., & Chumbley, J. I. (1984). 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