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la légende des siecles

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Un être tout semé de bouches, d'ailes, d'yeux,<br />

Vivant, presque lugubre et presque radieux;<br />

Vaste, il vo<strong>la</strong>it; plusieurs <strong>des</strong> ailes étaient chauves.<br />

En s'agitant, les cils de ses prunelles fauves<br />

Jetaient plus de rumeur qu'une troupe d'oiseaux,<br />

Et ses plumes faisaient un bruit de gran<strong>des</strong> eaux.<br />

Cauchemar de <strong>la</strong> chair ou vision d'apôtre,<br />

Selon qu'il se montrait d'une face ou de l'autre,<br />

Il semb<strong>la</strong>it une bête ou semb<strong>la</strong>it un esprit.<br />

Il paraissait, dans l'air où mon vol le surprit,<br />

Faire de <strong>la</strong> lumière, et faire <strong>des</strong> ténèbres.<br />

To Hugo, therefore, evil is not an equal force with good, nor is it eternal. It was created<br />

in time, it will end in time. It is a mistake to suppose that he accepted any kind of<br />

Manichaeism as his solution of the problem of the universe. In reality his thought is<br />

much more permeated with Christian feeling than with Manichaeism. Though he<br />

rejected dogmatic Catholicism, and indeed assailed it with Voltairian mockery, yet his<br />

vision of the Eternal as the embodiment of that mercy and goodness which is greater<br />

than justice is in its essence a Christian conception. Inspired, in part at least, by<br />

Christian thought seems also to be his conception of the eventual reconciliation of good<br />

and evil, and that belief in the restoration of all things which finds expression in the<br />

concluding lines of L'Âne:<br />

Dieu ne veut pas que rien, même l'obscurité,<br />

Même l'Erreur qui semble ou funeste ou futile,<br />

Que rien puisse, en criant: Quoi, j'étais inutile!<br />

Dans le gouffre à jamais retomber éperdu;<br />

Et le lien sacré du service rendu,<br />

A travers l'ombre affreuse et <strong>la</strong> céleste sphère,<br />

Joint l'échelon de nuit aux marches de lumière.<br />

Hope is indeed the keynote of Hugo's poetry. In the darkest days of 1871, when France<br />

was tearing out her own vitals and Paris was <strong>des</strong>troying itself, he could write thus:

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