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Annexe IV _____________________________________________ RESULTS From 292 fertilized eggs, 256 produced hatchlings (Table 1): 170 hatchlings from 25 clutches for the constant incubation temperature treatment and 86 hatchlings from 24 clutches for the fluctuating temperatures treatment (non-significant difference in incubation success for the two treatments: χ² = 0.11, df = 1, P = 0.74). The sex ratio yielded by each incubation temperature regime is presented in Table 1. All hatchlings survived until the performance tests. Constant incubation temperature Latency time - According to the best minimal model (AIC C = 1892.4 vs. general model: AIC C = 1899.4), there was a significant individual effect on Latency time (Table 2.a). Clutch identity significantly influenced Latency time. We also detected significant effects of nutritional status and sex on Latency time (Table 2.a): juveniles stayed longer without any movement after feeding and females had a longer Latency time than males. The juvenile growth rate was significantly positively correlated with Latency time furthermore we found a significant interaction between growth rate and sex (i.e. the interaction is positively related to Latency time and for individuals with higher growth rate, females have a longer Latency time than males, while for individuals with lower growth rate, females have a shorter Latency time than males). No significant effect of juvenile survival or others two-way interactions were found. Time to right - According to the best minimal model (AIC C = 1959.8 vs. general model: AIC C = 1986.8), there was a significant individual effect on Time to right (Table 2.b). We also detected a significant effect of nutritional status, with a longer Time to right after feeding. In contrast, clutch identity, sex, growth rate or juvenile survival did not have a significant main effect on this measure. Only the interaction between growth rate and nutritional status was significant (i.e. the interaction is positively related to Time to right and individuals with 11
Annexe IV _____________________________________________ higher growth rate have a longer Time to right after than before feeding, while individuals with lower growth rate have a longer Time to right before than after feeding). Fluctuating incubation temperatures Latency time - According to the best minimal model (AIC C = 932.5 vs. general model: AIC C = 982.1), there was a significant individual variation in Latency time (Table 2.c). Nutritional status significantly influenced Latency time, with a longer time after feeding. No significant difference between incubation regimes or sexes was detected. However, difference between clutches was marginally significant (Table 2.c). Similarly, no main effect of juvenile survival or individual growth rate was detected, although the interaction between growth rate and incubation regime was significant (i.e. the interaction is negatively related to Latency time and individuals with higher growth rate have a longer Latency time for regime D than regimes B and C, while individuals with lower growth rate have a longer Latency time for regime C than regimes B and D). Time to right - According to the best minimal model (AIC C = 1009.1 vs. general model: AIC C = 1013.2), there was a significant individual effect on Time to right (Table 2.d). As in Latency time, the nutritional status also influenced this performance, with a longer Time to right after feeding. We also found a marginal significance of clutch identity and incubation regimes (Table 2.d). On the other hand, we detected a significant effect of juvenile survival with a positive correlation between Time to right and survival time. No other main effect was detected, whereas we found significant interactions between incubation regime and growth rate, similar to Latency time interaction; between sex and growth rate (i.e. the interaction is positively related to Time to right and for individuals with higher growth rate, females have a longer Latency time than males, while for individuals with lower growth rate, females have a 12
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N° d’ordre : UNIVERSITE PARIS-SU
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Remerciements Je remercie tout d’
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Introduction ______________________
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I - La tortue à tempes rouges, un
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II - Les tortues à tempes rouges,
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III - Etudes expérimentales des pr
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Bibliographie _____________________
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TABLE DES ANNEXES A. Supplementary
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ANNEXE II ASSESSMENT OF PATTERNS OF
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