KASAI, T., OHGUCHI, K., NAKASHIMA, S., ITO, Y., NAGANAWA, T., KONDO, N., NOZAWA, Y. Increased Activity of Oleate-Depen<strong>de</strong>nt Type Phospholipase D During Actinomycin D-Induced Apoptosis in Jurkat T Cells. J Immunol., 1998, vol. 161(12), p. 6469- 6474. KATAYAMA, K., KODAKI, T., NAGAMACHI, Y., YAMASHITA, S. Cloning, Differential Regulation and Tissue Distribution of Alternatively Spliced Isoforms of Adp- Ribosylation-Factor-Depen<strong>de</strong>nt Phospholipase D from Rat Liver. Biochem J., 1998, vol. 329 ( Pt 3), p. 647-652. KELLEY, D. S. Modulation of Human Immune and Inflammatory Responses by Di<strong>et</strong>ary Fatty Acids. Nutrition., 2001, vol. 17(7-8), p. 669-673. KELLY, J. P., PARKER, C.W. Effects of Arachidonic Acid and Other Unsaturated Fatty Acids on Mitogenesis in Human Lymphocytes. J. Immunol., 1979, vol. 122(4), p. 1556-1562. KERSTEN, S., DESVERGNE, B., WAHLI, W. Roles of Ppars in Health and Disease. Nature., 2000, vol. 405(6785), p. 421-424. KESSELS, G. C., ROOS, D., VERHOEVEN, A. J. Fm<strong>et</strong>-Leu-Phe-Induced Activation of Phospholipase D in Human Neutrophils. Depen<strong>de</strong>nce on Changes in Cytosolic Free Ca2+ Concentration and Relation with Respiratory Burst Activation. J Biol Chem., 1991, vol. 266(34), p. 23152-23156. KEYS, A., MENOTTI, A., KARVONEN, M. J., ARAVANIS, C., BLACKBURN, H., BUZINA, R., DJORDJEVIC, B. S., DONTAS, A. S., FIDANZA, F., KEYS, M. H., ET AL. The Di<strong>et</strong> and 15-Year Death Rate in the Seven Countries Study. Am J Epi<strong>de</strong>miol., 1986, vol. 124(6), p. 903-915. KHALLOUKI, F., YOUNOS, C., SOULIMANI, R., OSTER, T., CHARROUF, Z., SPIEGELHALDER, B., BARTSCH, H., OWEN, R. W. Consumption of Argan Oil (Morocco) with Its Unique Profile of Fatty Acids, Tocopherols, Squalene, Sterols and Phenolic Compounds Should Confer Valuable Cancer Chemopreventive Effects. Eur J Cancer Prev., 2003, vol. 12(1), p. 67-75. 182
KHAN, N. A., HICHAMI, A. Ionotrophic 5-Hydroxytryptamine Type 3 Receptor Activates the Protein Kinase C-Depen<strong>de</strong>nt Phospholipase D Pathway in Human T-Cells. Biochem J., 1999, vol. 344 Pt 1, p. 199-204. KIM, J. H., HAN, J. M., LEE, S., KIM, Y., LEE, T. G., PARK, J. B., LEE, S. D., SUH, P. G., RYU, S. H. Phospholipase D1 in Caveolae: Regulation by Protein Kinase Calpha and Caveolin-1. Biochemistry., 1999a, vol. 38(12), p. 3763-3769. KIM, J. H., KIM, Y., LEE, S. D., LOPEZ, I., ARNOLD, R. S., LAMBETH, J. D., SUH, P. G., RYU, S. H. Selective Activation of Phospholipase D2 by Unsaturated Fatty Acid. FEBS L<strong>et</strong>t., 1999b, vol. 454(1-2), p. 42-46. KIM, Y., HAN, J. M., HAN, B. R., LEE, K. A., KIM, J. H., LEE, B. D., JANG, I. H., SUH, P. G., RYU, S. H. Phospholipase D1 Is Phosphorylated and Activated by Protein Kinase C in Caveolin-Enriched Microdomains within the Plasma Membrane. J Biol Chem., 2000, vol. 275(18), p. 13621-13627. KINSELLA, J. E., LOKESH, B., BROUGHTON, S., WHELAN, J. Di<strong>et</strong>ary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Eicosanoids: Potential Effects on the Modulation of Inflammatory and Immune Cells: An Overview. Nutrition., 1990, vol. 6(1), p. 24-44. KISHIMOTO, A., TAKAI, Y., MORI, T., KIKKAWA, U., NISHIZUKA, Y. Activation of Calcium and Phospholipid-Depen<strong>de</strong>nt Protein Kinase by Diacylglycerol, Its Possible Relation to Phosphatidylinositol Turnover. J Biol Chem., 1980, vol. 255(6), p. 2273-2276. KISS, Z., TOMONO, M. Wortmannin Has Opposite Effects on Phorbol Ester-Induced DNA Synthesis and Phosphatidylcholine Hydrolysis. FEBS L<strong>et</strong>t., 1995, vol. 371(2), p. 185-187. KLEIN, J., CHALIFA, V., LISCOVITCH, M. Role of phospholipase D activation in the nervous system. Physio and Pathophysio., 1995, vol. 65, p. 1445-1455. KODAKI, T., YAMASHITA, S. Cloning, Expression, and Characterization of a Novel Phospholipase D Complementary DNA from Rat Brain. J Biol Chem., 1997, vol. 272(17), p. 11408-11413. 183
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N° : 2006-ISAL-0031 ANNEE 2006 THE
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GOUTTE R. (Prof. émérite) CREATIS
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SIGLE ECOLE DOCTORALE NOM ET COORDO
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Dédicace Je dédie ce travail A me
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Je remercie également Mme Madelein
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AVANT-PROPOS Le travail présenté
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TABLE DES MATIERES REMERCIEMENTS...
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II-3-5-1 Huile d’olive...........
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IV-1-3-4 Distribution de la protéi
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Figure 26 : Gradient de saccharose
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Tableau XX : Effet des régimes sur
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MAP Kinase: Mitogen Activated Prote
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al., 1998 ; Steed et al., 1998). Le
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II- Rappels bibliographiques II-1-
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Figure 1 : Hématopoïèse du syst
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Tableau I : Antigènes couramment u
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Il existe cinq classes d’immunogl
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II-1-3-2-3 Les lymphocytes non T no
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Par la suite, de telles structures
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II-1-4-2 La composition des radeaux
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acylation (N-palmitoylation et S-my
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Tableau IV : Techniques d’analyse
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distingue d’une seconde zone de l
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essentiel du DAG est d’activer le
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R1 -O- R2 -O- Transphosphatidylatio
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II-2-4 Clonage et caractérisation
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Figure 8: Représentation schémati
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II-2-5-3 Les domaines PH et PX Il e
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Tableau VI: Caractéristiques des P
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Figure 10: La superfamille des prot
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Figure 11: la famille des PKC. En u
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phosphatidylinositol-4-monophosphat
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auteurs, PLD2 serait la forme préd
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prolifération, la croissance cellu
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II-3-2 Nomenclature des AG La nomen
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II-3-3 Les acides gras essentiels (
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II-3-4-3 Rôle fonctionnel II-3-4-3
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Tableau IX: Distribution (mole %) d
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II-3-5-1 Huile d’olive Le Maroc e
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L’analyse de la composition en AG
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1998; Kelley, 2001; Calder et al.,
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(1991) ont montré que les AGS ont
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uniquement chez les lymphocytes pro
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II-3-7-1 Effets des AG sur la synth
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II-3-7-2 Effets des AG sur les rade
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II-3-7-3 Effets des AG sur la struc
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Tableau XI : Influence des régimes
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III- MATERIELS ET METHODES III-1 Ma
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III-2 Méthodes III-2-1 Préparatio
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III-2-2 Préparation des échantill
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A B Figure 23: A : Métabolisme du
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III-2-5-4 Séparation du Pbut et du
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III-2-7 Analyse de la composition e
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croissantes (0.2M à 0.9M), puis l
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éalisée dans les mêmes condition
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vortexé avant d'être coulé. Apr
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Tableau XIII: Séquence des amorces
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IV- RESULTATS IV-1 Effet des acides
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Viabilité cellulaire (% du contrô
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métaboliquement stable et sa synth
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14 Activité PLD (pmoles de PC hydr
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L’ensemble des résultats concern
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Tableau XV b: Composition en acides
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PBut (%de la radioactivité des pho
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Prolifération des thymocytes (D.O5
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