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Revue de Presse-Press Review-Berhevoka Çapê-Rivista Stampa-Dentro de la Prensa-Basm Özeti KADEK breaks off peace process " ' Turkish Daily News by Serdar Alyamac February 20, 2003 With the approaching of American military action against Iraq, the United States and its war allies, particularly England and ~srael, ha~e gone on top alert to protect themselves against terror offensive attacks. Turkey, a NATO and U.S" ally, IS also a h~ely country to be targeted by these attacks, besides her bloody problem with the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) [Its name was changed to Kurdistan Freedom and Democracy Congress (KADEK)] for the past two decades.' , , The first signs of a probable rise of KADEK activities came with clashes in Southeastern Turkey last month. Antiwar demonstrations included KAD,EK supporters that shouted slogans pro- Abdullah Ocalan, the leader of KADEK, and caused unrest. These activities of KADEK may increase day-by-day in this chaotic atmosphere, caused by the looming US-led waron Iraq. KADEK determined its new line as carrying out democratic serhildans (public uprisings) and a war of legal defense together in its written statement released recently. They also stressed that the time previously given to the Turkish government to take steps to solve the Kurdish question, to lift the isolation, to put an end to repression and to decla're' a general amnesty ended on Februiuy 15, calling this'time a period administered with unilateral sacrifices. KADEK also sees public uprising as a main instrument in its "war of legal defense". Following this statement released by KADEK leaders and demonstrations of its supporters, slipped into the antiwar protests in all parts of Turkey( it is unavoidable to say that unrest will rise in Turkeyagain. In KADEK's statement, it is claimed that international cooperation was set up'against Kurds with increasing pressure on KADEK by Iran and Syria. The most substantial indicator of a cornered KADEK is that their activities will cover the entire region -- including Iran, Syria and Iraq too. In this so-called low-intensity war between the Turkish Armed Forces and PKK in the Southeastern Turkey, in which nearly 36,000 people have been killed, Southeastern Turkey, and Turkey as a whole, will be a scene of unrest triggered by activities of a KADEK pushed into a northern Iraq dominated byan undeclared Kurdish Federation formed by the Kurdistan' Democracy Party (KDP) and Patriotic Union of Kurdistan(PUK). The Kurdish groups in northern Iraq assumed an indefinite attitude changing to current conditions against PKK's settlement in their region. ' The current discontent of Kurdish groups, which come to an agreement with each other to set up a Kurdish federation that is undeclared, on PKK's existence in northern Iraq and Turkish Armed Forces"cross into northern Iraq because of anxiety of ,a US-led war on Iraq may legalize the current situation of the Kurdish federation in the Kurdish enclave in Iraq and push KADEK to panic. ' Following the call of Ocalan for armed members of the PKK to leave their guns and get out of Turkey, ending its armed campaign to seek peaceful resolution to the Kurdish question, PKK activists holed up in the mountainous terrain of northern Iraq. ' The PKK wanted to renew its image and reviewed its strategy by changing its name to KADEK and reviewing its armed sections in order to carry their struggle to the political arena by taking the support of some European countries. However, Turkey's efforts' to exhaust PKK's existence and activities in both Turkey and in some European countries marred its plans. KADEK, which lost its leader and put to sleep its armed militants for four years in the mountains of northern Iraq to propel the question into the international arena, was cornered. KADEK use the situation of Abdullah Ocalan in Imrali prison and unimplemented human rights reforms related to the Kurdish question to stir its separative activities in Turkey. They claim Ocalan was not well-treated in prison and legislated human rights reforms related to the Kurdish question remained unimplemented. The power balances in the region are being reshaped. Kurdish groups in northern Iraqwant KADEK to be excluded from the region, The Turkish armyalso aimsto extinguish the existence of KADEK in northern Iraq by crossing neighboring Iraq. In this frame, KADEK will use the unimplemented human rights reforms related to the Kurdish question and Ocalan's situation in prison to incite the Kurdish people to uprise in the major cities of Turkey. Admittedly, Turkey' has made remarkable reforms onhuman rights in the last year. However, these reforms, including Kurdish broadcastjng and Kurdish language education, were suspended due to the looming the U.S.-led war on Iraq. It is a foregone conclusion that Turkey will domestically have to overpower separatist activities of KADF:K and try to break the impasse it has landed in. 72
Revue de Presse-Press Review-Berhevoka Çapê-Rivista Stampa-Dentro de la Prensa-Baszn Ozeti :'Au Kurdistan, M. Madelin plaide le « devoir d'ingérence » TAKIYA(Kurdistan irakien) de notre envoyé spéciàl C'est un camp de réfugiés relativement confortable compte tenu des circonstances : ici, dans des habitations moitié maison-moitié tente, mais chauffées, construites dans la plaine fouettée par les vents de l'hiver kurde, vivent depuis plusieurs mois une soixantaine de familles. La plupart des person- , nes déplacées par le régime de Saddam Hussein ; dans les provinces kurdes sous contrôle de Bagdad sont rapidement intégrées dans la population du Kurdistan irakien cc autonome >l, dirigé par les partis en lutte depuis des lustres avec Bagdad. Restent donc ceux, peu nombreux, qui n'ont pas encore pu' s'implanter ailleurs,et doivent vivre dans ce camp de , transit dressé par l'ONU. En douze ans, depuis la première guerre du Golfe, plus de 100 000 personn~s se seraient réfugiées dans la région. C'est ici que, en ce glacial mardi 18 février, Alain Madelin, militant globe-trotter en pays rebelle qui, selon ses propres mots, cc se shoote aux peuples opprimés », a commencé son séjour au Kurdistan. Cela fait des années que J'ancien ministre de Valéry Gisçard d'Estaing et de Jacques Chirac, aujourd'hui député UMP d'lIIe-et-Vilaine, parcourt les zones de conflit pour soutenir, jadis, des causes anticommunistes et, désormais, celles du nouvel ordre - ou désordre - mondial. M. Madelin ne s'en cache pas: contrairement à sa famille politique au gouvernement, il est" pour >I la guerre américaine contre l'Irak. ., Pour» la guerre car contre l'" oppression des , gens par de dangereux tyrans ». Sa théorie est simpie: " Avant la chute du mur de Ber/in,on était encore dans une perspective de r.apport de forces; où la souveraineté des Etats primait sur celle des peuples. Aujourd'hui, tout a T:hangé : on redécouvre le droit des gens. Pourmoi, ilya "devoir d'ingérence". Si Bush attaque l'Irak,les raisons morales l'auront largement emporté sur le reste, car les questions stratégiques, la volonté de contrôler les ressources pétrolières ou aUtres sont des aspects annexes, certes sujettes à débat, mais périphériques. » Accompagné du cc vice-ministre >I pour les réfugiés du " gouvernement .. de l'Union patriotique du Kurdistan (UPK),qui contrôle la région de Sou leimaniyé, Alain Madelin a rencontré des Kurdes chassés de la ville voisine de Kirkouk. Hamid Hussein, 70 ans, a été expulsé de sa ville il y a deux mois, parce qu'il ne pouvait plus payer les pots-de-vin aux fonctionnaires du parti Baas (au pouvoir en Irak) et que ses fils refusaient de devenir des indicateurs de la police. " Si on refuse de collaborer, raconte le vieil homme en turban, sanglé dans le charwal, pantalon bouffant traditionnel, en tant que Kurde, on n'a plus aucun droit... "Un jour, les policiers irakiens ont emmené un de mes fils en prison. Il y est resté un mois. J'ai dû payer 500 000 dinars [200 euros] pour lefaire libérer. Plus tard, ils nous ont dit que des Arabes aUaient occuper ma maison. Nous avons dû partir à treize, toute ma famille. >I "Et qu'est-ce qu'on risque, demande M. Madelin d'un air finaud, si on traite Saddam Hussein de "9ros porc"?» Tout le monde éclate de rire et le vieil homme répond : cr Alors là, vous pouvez creuser votre tombe! » B.P. Turkey's leader blames EU for failing, ',to give political support in crisis -He--lena---Sm-Ith-in-An-k-ara--- rope to eliminate the presence opposed to military action tions with the IslamlcwOrld. ofwea.ponsofmass destruction, ~ his neighbour. "Wemay But 'lUrkey fears that IfIraqi Tnrkey'sde facto leader, 1àyyip' a better road map couldbe pre- ' not approve of the regime in Kurds assume control of the Ei-,dogari, yesterday lashed out pared for the rest of the'world : Iraqbut that doesn't mean we country's rich oil resources It atEurope for failing to provide regarding a solution to this cri- 'see it as our responsibility to re- will not only empower them tQ it'With the necessary political sis:' move. Put simply, we do not proclaimindependen~butstÎJ'. , support to confront the crisis ForseveralweeksAnkaraand want the 21st century to be a up similar secessionist sentl~ 'overIraq. ,Washington have been em- ,œnturyofwar." ment among itsownpredoml. _Mr Erdogan said the Ell's te- broiled in what manydiplomats MrErdogan said it was wrong nantly Kurdish population In fuSaI to giveAnkara a concrete have described as "unseemly to think thatThrkey's in1imtgov- the south-east. date for aœession talks as acan- haggling" over the anlount of eroment was intentonlyon bar- Since1984 3O,ooo1\Jrks have di~countlY bad backfired be- money 'lUrkey will receive in , gaining for morefinancial aid died in aguerrllla warwqed by cause Thrkey nowhad lessclout grants and credits for allowing , from America in exchange for Kurdishseparatists wbldl sorne' tostand up toAmeric:a.itslong- USsoldiersto be deployedthere. help In a possible war. USmili- saydespite aceasfirehas~ standing Nato ally. This weekthe USsecretary of tary planneJ:s say opening a been reignited with all the talk ' In an interview with the state, Colin,Powell,annpunced northern front from 'lUrkey is ofwar. GUardian, Mr Erdogan com- that Washington was willingto 'Vital to eI)Surethat any invaSion, plained that his country would be far better equipped to deal make a "final offer" of $6bn in grants and $20bn in loans - of Iraq is swift. "Our discussions [with the , with thecrisis overWhetherthe $6bn shortoffurkish demands. US] are notonlyeconomic. They USmilitary,shouldbe allowed.to MiErdogan, who is expected also have political,military and use 1ùrkish bases üthe EUhad to be elect.éd prime minister af- socialdimensions ... on a politlopened the door to 1Urkishaccession to the union at the ter runningin aby-electionnext ' callevel we want to ensure the month, said Thrkey not only integrity oflraq," said Mr Enlo.- Copenhagen summit last December. ' faced immense USpressure to ,gan. "Wehave to come up with host thousands of combat, somestrongreasonsforourpar- "The United States is our troops in the event of conflict liament to vote on [stationing friend," he said. "But ü1Urkey had received a date ... ü1Urkey but the prospect of catastrophe foritseconomy,whichhasyet to UStroops]." The ruling AI{ party controls was strong in its relations with Europe, knew it was a part of recoverfrom the first Gulfwar. ' In a message to WashingtQn, 363 ofthe 550 seats in Ankara's parliament and unlike anyofitS Europe and could act with Eu- Mr Erdogan saidhe was utterly pn.'
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