Bulletin de liaison et d'information - Institut kurde de Paris
Bulletin de liaison et d'information - Institut kurde de Paris
Bulletin de liaison et d'information - Institut kurde de Paris
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Revue <strong>de</strong> Presse-Press Review-Berhevoka Çapê.,..RivistaStampa-Dentro <strong>de</strong> la Prensa-Basm Öz<strong>et</strong>i<br />
Although the main Kurdish factions have.bent to US pressure, there is little sign that the Bush administration plans to use<br />
the 30,000 or so combined Kurdish troopsto act as a ground force in the event of an assault on the Baghdad regime.<br />
Diplomats say the US has no wish to see the Kurds move just a short distance south and take the oil rich towns of Mosul<br />
and Kirkuk. Non<strong>et</strong>heless, there are indications that the Kurds will attempt to do just that if they can reach a power-sharing<br />
agreement. This is turn has prompted wi<strong>de</strong>spread speculation in Arvil that Turkish government forces would intervene<br />
to secure Mosul, which historically have had a large Turkman population. Turkish troops already have bases just<br />
insi<strong>de</strong> northern Iraq and support from proxy Turkman forces in Arvil. "The battle for Kirkuk will be no less bloody thàn<br />
the war in Baghdad," .commented an Ininian analyst in Tehran with close ties to the government. Iran's <strong>de</strong>fence minister<br />
has stated, however, that Iranian forces have no intension of crossing the boar<strong>de</strong>r, which would risk sparking US r<strong>et</strong>aliation.<br />
The parliamentary building in Arbil has been spruced up with fresh coats of paint and new panes of glass~Yellow ribbons<br />
were cut on Thursday to celebrate the inauguration of a closed circuit television system and the broadcasting of proceedings.<br />
As one <strong>de</strong>legate commented: "Weare waiting, like everyone else, for the attack on Baghdad. It's not iß our interests<br />
to have an in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt state now. Everyone around us is terrified of that. But who knows in the future."<br />
Oct 3rd 2002<br />
The Economist By Amberin Zaman<br />
.. .. .. ..<br />
Turkey and the Iraqi Kurds : Allies from hell<br />
AS 1RE American administration accelerates its efforts to drum up international support to unseat Saddam Hussein, it<br />
faces open dissent from two of its most prized, and most mutually hostile, allies: Turkey and the Iraqi Kurds. With tension<br />
growing b<strong>et</strong>ween the two, American officials are trying to find a magic formula to satisfy their irreconcilable<br />
<strong>de</strong>mands. Turkey, <strong>de</strong>claring that It will not take part in any operation against Iraq that could"result in the creation of an<br />
in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt state for that country's 3.5m or so Kurds, has vowed to intervene militarily should the Iraqi Kurds make any<br />
move in that direction. No matter that the Kurds themselves say they un<strong>de</strong>rstand that in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce is not a realistic ambition.<br />
Turkeyalso says that it is equally opposed to the establishment of the fe<strong>de</strong>ral zone within a united Iraq that the Iraqi<br />
Kurds insist is their right, and that they are <strong>de</strong>manding in exchange for their support for. anAmerican-led operation.<br />
Turkey fears that a fe<strong>de</strong>ral arrangement would lead to similar <strong>de</strong>mands not just from its {)wn 12m-odd Kurds, but also<br />
from Iran's 6m. It would, suggests a Turkish diplomat, "create an inextinguishable inferno of regional chaos and instability."<br />
Turkey has economic worries as well. Tariq Aziz, Iraq's <strong>de</strong>puty prime minister, was in Ankara this week. He ;'emin<strong>de</strong>d<br />
his Turkish hosts that, sh,ould war break out, Turkey's wobbly economy would be shaken by the loss of ~aqi business.<br />
Tra<strong>de</strong> b<strong>et</strong>ween the two has climbed back to its pre-Gulf war level of $1 billion a year.<br />
'<br />
The dilemma for America is that, in a war, help would be nee<strong>de</strong>d from both Turkey and the Kurds. Turkish bases are nece~sary<br />
for bombing raids, and the 50,000 fighters un<strong>de</strong>r Iraqi-Kurdish control would be useful in overthrowing Ml' Hussein.<br />
And if American troops were to be <strong>de</strong>ployed in Kurdish territory, they would need to come through Turkey. The Iraqi<br />
Kurds are adamant that Turkish forces themselves should not take part in any operation, if for no other reason than that<br />
the presence of Turks would invite Iranian intervention. They are even threatening, as a last resort, to cut a <strong>de</strong>al with Mr<br />
Hussein should the Americans ignore their <strong>de</strong>mands. Taha Yassin Ramadan, Iraq's <strong>de</strong>puty presi<strong>de</strong>nt, told a visiting group<br />
of Turkish journalists last month that the Iraqi people would fight alongsi<strong>de</strong> "our Kurdish brothers" to keep Turkish forces<br />
out of their country.<br />
Ml' Ramadan was responding to a claim, ma<strong>de</strong> last month by Turkey's <strong>de</strong>fence minister, Sabahattin Cakmakoglu, that<br />
Kirkuk, Iraq's main oil-producing region and an erstwhile part of the Ottoman empire, was historically part of Turkey.<br />
Kirkuk,which is now un<strong>de</strong>r Baghdad's control, is inten<strong>de</strong>d by Massoud Barzani and Jalal Talabani, the two Kurdish lea<strong>de</strong>rs<br />
who have been running northern Iraq since the end of the Gulf war, to be the çapital of their proposed fe<strong>de</strong>ral state.<br />
Kirkuk, <strong>de</strong>clared Mr Barzani, could become "a graveyard for Turkish troops just as it had been for Ottoman forces".<br />
Ml' Barzani and Mr Talabani are old enemies. But this week they came tog<strong>et</strong>her to agree on a new draft constitutiàr, t<strong>et</strong>heir<br />
envisaged "zone", and the Kurdish regional parliament is due.to reconvene on October 4th for thefirst time since<br />
1994. This new-found unity is <strong>de</strong>eply disturbing to the Kurds' regional foesIraq, Turkey and Iranwhich for <strong>de</strong>ca<strong>de</strong>s backed<br />
one Kurdish faction against the other to keep the Kurds weak and divi<strong>de</strong>d. In<strong>de</strong>ed, not so long ago, the Turks and Ml'<br />
Barzani, whose Kurdistan Democratic Party controls Iraq's 700km (450-mile) bor<strong>de</strong>r with Turkey, were the besi:of friends.<br />
Ai<strong>de</strong>d by Mr Barzani's fighters, Turkish troops would wa<strong>de</strong> into northern Iraq to hunt down separz.tis' Turkish Kurd rebels<br />
in their mountain hi<strong>de</strong>outs.<br />
'<br />
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