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Revue de Presse-Press Review-Berhevoka Çapê-Rivista Sta11lpa-Dentro de la Prensa-Basm Özeti u~s.prepares for trials of Iraqi leaders By PeterSlevin l'be WlsblngtOD Post WASHINGTON: The Bush administration is' building cases against Saddam Hussein and more than a dozen members of his '"inner circle who could be chaq;ed with crimes against human,tyifthe Iraqi governm~nt is IaccOrding ~o V.S."o~- ~ii&~ed, The Iraqi president is at ~e top of avrorking list of war crimes . suspects,:joined by his sOnS;Udài and QJ1sai, each ofwhoDi liaS a reputationJor brutaHty.' . .'. • Also on the list are Ali Hassan Majeed, ,knOWn as ".themical Ali" for hisusè of. chemical weapons . against Kurds in northern Iraq, and Izzat Ibrahim, deputy chairman of the Iraqi Revolutionary Command CounciL Saddam's two SODS: Qusal, left, and Udal, are on tbe list. Those five belong to a core . group of about a dozen Iraqis whose actions the possibility that high-ranking scribing a growing consensUs in favor of ta r- on behalf of the Iraqi government are suspects fearing prosecution geting Saddam and his senior lieutenants deemed by U.S. officials and human rights would fight to retain power. De- and relatives, including a group U.S. officials groups to merit charges of genocide or bate continues within the admin- have referred to since 1993 as "the dirty crimes against humanity. Dozens of other istration about how to handle the dozen." The administration favors trials in Iraqi officials also are considered badly tainted and could face charges in a post-Hussein issue. "You want to get into Iraq the Iraqi courts staffed in part by international judges and lawyers. . 'Iraq after further investigation, sources said. message that you're not going to "We'll take the lead in setting the tone. The likelihood of U.S.-backed war crimes kill everybody in the Ba'ath Party," a U.S. of- From there, it's hard to say," said Pierre-Richtrials for the I.raqi leadership, if Saddam is 'ficial said, referring to the unchallenged Iraqi ard Prosper, the State Depa rtment's war overthrown, recalls the Nuremberg prosecu- ruling party. . crimes ambassador. "We know that Saddam tions that followed the defeat of Nazi Ger- The venue for prosecution bas not been de- and his dirty dozen are believed to be the many in World War II and the international termined, but U.S. officials say a consensus is leaders responsible for all the atrocities that tribunal now. prosecuting the former forming around establishing courts in a post- . have occurred there for well over a decade. " ,Saddam YugosÎav leader Slobodan MiloseVic in The Iraq that would be staffed in part by international jurists. Such courts would draw We know that over 100,000 people have been killed." HagUe. ...' . . upon ongoing evidence-gathering efforts in Prosper said of Saddam, "He will be sus- The fate of Iraq's leadership cadre is con- ..other countries, including projects supporsidered crucial to the success of any U.S.-led ted in recent years with $10.8million in U.S. peet number one brought before a court, any COll rt." operation against Saddam and central to the funds. __ The U,S.inquiry began during the Clinton way Iraqis would rebound from three de- The International Criminal Court is not an administration, after the Gulf War and wide- .cades of dictatorship. option, because it does not have jurisdiction spread reports of Saddam's use of chemical The Bush administration has not yet de- over events ~at happened before it came in- weapons against Kurdish villages. cided how deeply to target the Iraqi leader- to existence 'on July 1. Nor is Iraq a signatory Since 1999, the State Department has ship and who would lead any criminal.case. to the convention that created it. channeled $10.8million to opposition groups But as U.S. war planning intensifies, so does Iraqi opposition groups have been urging and nongovernmental organizations to gaththe urgency of identifying friend and foe in U.S. officials to build cases more quickly. er evidence, examine documents and inter- Iraq, officials said, adding that'U.S; military "Regardless of who prosecutes, they view.witnesses. according to Gregg Sullivan. cciinmanders woul~ be required to make should be prosecuted," said Rend Rahim a State Department spokesman. sWift choices about whom to arrest and whom to welcome as a partner. Undersecretary of State John Bolton said that the "top people" around' Hussein would have to go. Likening the situation to de- Nazification in postwar Germany, Bolton said the rebirth of -Iraq would require the removal of people "who are so fundamentally part of Saddam's entourage that their' remaining in power would have the problem persist." By deciding in advance to hold biâls ;-Cdr the Iraqi leadership, however, the administration risks Francke, director of the Iraq Foundation, ,which receives federal funds to examine seized Iraqi documents. "There is a great temptation for the United States to deal with persons who are indictable. and there is a great danger for Iraq if the United States yields to this temptation." . .... . . Two Pentagon lawyers have been assembling evidence in a form that could be useful to prosecutors, accoI:ding to U.S. officials and people they have cOntacted. A working group of about 30 Iraqi exiles and Iraqi . Americans, supervised 'by the State Department, is developing'plans for transitional justice, including criminal prosecution of a larger array ofIraqis. . The approach contemplates several tiel'Sùf prosecutions, with several U.S. officials de- Jitra1b~mribunt. Tllllrst/uy: Octobër31. 2(J()] 102
Revue de Presse-Press Review-Berhevoka Çapê-Rivista Starnpa-Dentro de la Prensa-Baszn Özeti Istanbul envoyé6pécial Islamisme turc à géométrie variable La victoire annoncée de L'AKPaux Lég~Lativeöde dima}lche 60nne comme une revanche pour le6 banLieueö pauvreö d J6tanbuL .. Jour après jour, Unal Kaçir, petit entrepreneur de l'agroalimentaire, arpente inlassablement les ruelles défoncées de Bagcilar, 600000 habitants, une de ces populeuses banlieues d'Istan- .' bul, jadis fiefs de la gauche et devenues des bastions islamistes depuis le début des années 90. ils'arrête dans chaque boutique, chaque café, rappelant à chacun le bilan de la mairie. Entassement de petites maisons, d'immeubles décrépis ou inachevés et de mosquées flambant neuves, cet arrondissement est l'une des, vitrines de l'islamisme muni-' cipal, mélange de paternalisme moralisant, de gestion honnête et de démocratie directe. «Le travail effectué pendant ceS années dit tout»,.martèle le candidat du Parti de la justice et dù développement (AKP), grand favori des législatives du 3 no" vembre, crédité d'un bon tiers des voix dans les sondages. . Costume croisé et cravate rouge, ce petit entrepreneur aux allures de notable s'arrête pOur la prière dans Une petite mosquée puis reprend sä tournée. Pas une seule fois il n'a évoqué l'islam. Point n'est besoin de dire des choses qui Vont de soi. Par deux fois déjà, il s'était pré- 'senté sm les listes du Refah puis du Fazilet, 'les anciens partis islamistes successivement dissous. ran dernier, le mouvement a éclaté en deux Courants. D'un Clilté,les traditionalistes du Saadet (le Parti du bonheur), ,qui végète dans les sOndages autour de 5 %. 'De l'autre, les modernistes. Leur victoire annoncée a, pOlIr le petit peuple des banlieues, la saveur d~une revanche. Mais il n'est plus question de revendiquer comme avant «un ordrejùste» fondée sur l'islam et :la tradition. Le choc de la crise financière qui a frappé la Turquie il y a deux ans, entraînant 200000 faillites et quelque 2 millions de licenciements, a encore accru, y compris dans les classes moyennes, le rejet des partis «du système», la droite libérale .comme la gauche social-démocrate. Langue de bois. rAKP ratisse large. Son emblème, une ampoule jaune sur fond bleu, veut symboliser «la transparence». (
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