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Revue de Presse-Press Review-Berhevoka Çapê-Rivista Stampa-Dimtro de la Prensa-Basl1i Özeti Increasingly, Turkey fears attack on Iraq By Ian FISher 1be New Yorl< TImes ISTANBUL: Barely a day goes by without the Thrkish prime minister, Bulent Ecevit, saying just how little he wants a war with his neighbor Iraq. He complains about being "caught in the middle." He bluntly raises Thrkey's importance .to the United States, on the map and, as the only Muslim country in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. ' "We know that the United States cannot carry out this operation without us/' he said last week. "That is why we are advising that it abandon the idea. We're telling Washington that we are wQrried about the matter." , " In the end, there seems little doubt that Thrkey, however reluctantly,would side with its big friend and patron. But Thrkey's leaders are still ~thholdirig their wholehearted support, and their discomfort grows daily. >" So unanimous are Thrks against, a war in Iraq that the topic haS hardly been raised in the campaign for parliamentary elections Nov. 3. The election looks certain to expel the coalition led by Ecevit in favor o( an untried party With roots in political Islam, which worries many here as a threat to Thrkey's secularism. Still, even the leaders of that party, Justice and Jakob Bo •• rup The Thrklsh president, Ahmet Necdet Sezer, meeting the press before European union summit talks with candidate countries inCopenhagen on Monday. Development, repeat the same conflicted refrain: Yes, Saddam Hussein is a menace. Thrkey, they say, will probably support the United States in the "Both nations will take extreme care not to name of its long and broad friendship, as well as have an open conflict over what happens in Iraq," its own strategic interests. said Ilter Thran, a political science professor at But Thrkey, concerned that war Could worsen Istanbul BHgiUniversity. "But if the United States an already dire economy and inflict new prob- intervenes and if you have a prolonged struggle, a lems of refugees and Kurdish separatism, is not prolonged military role in Iraq, probably quite a eager to play the rolé Pakistan did in the war number of problems might crop up." against Afghanistan. , The Justice and Development Party is currently "It is in the nature of Turks to be convinced eas- drawing support from as many as 30 percent of Hybut react when they realize that they have been voters polled. The question mark is whether its cheated," warned Abdullah GuI, a top Justice and leaders, though they have disavowed political Is- Development leader who is in the running to be- lam, will be any less of an ally to the United States, come the next prime minister. "Therefore, Thrkey particularly on the question of Iraq. ' should be listened to and understood over her in- GuI 'and the party's popular leader, Recep terests and concerns." , Tayyip Erdogan, who have played down their pasts Easing Thrkey's worries might prevent any as Islamic activists, say the relationship would long-term damage, to relations between the probably stay the same, and GuI has been quoted United States and Turkey, the kind of moderate' as saying that they would leave any decision on Muslim country Washington would like' to en- Iraq to the military. Most experts say the party courage.' would have no choice, at least in the short term; in 1997, the military eased out the last Islamicleaning party to govern Turkey. Zeyno Baran, a fellow with the Center for Strategic and International Stridiesin Washington, said it waS highly unlikely that the party would change the alliance with the United States. "Absolutely not," she said, "because this will be the grounds for the military removing them." With the elections a week away, Turkish and U.S. officials are reported to be deep into negotiations. Early last week, General Tommy Franks, head of the u.S,'Central Command, and'General Joseph Ralston, the supreme allied commander in Europe, visited Turkey for talks with its top commanders. On Wednesday, President George W. Bush called President Ahmet Necdet Sezer for a discussion the White House said covered the "United States-Thrkey strategic partnership." Officials from both nations say there has been no formal request, such as for Thrkish troops in a ground operation in Iraq or the use of Thrkish air bases. Several reports suggest that any plan would include having Turkey S,endthousands of troops into northern Iraq "- in addition to the 2,000 to S,OOO already there chasing Kurdish rebels - to stem the flow of refugees or defeated Iraqi fighters. Thrkey, though, is ,decidedly wary, and officials say Washington is frustrated that it has withheld firmer support, partly out of worry that Saddam will take full advantage of disunity in the region. Thrkey's worries stretch back over a decade. Turkish officials complain that Operation Desert Storm cost tens of billions in dollars in military expenses, trade with Iraq and lost revenue from tourism. The no-flight zone enforced since then over northern Iraq also led to what they believe is something close to an independent Kurdish state there, a long-standing worry for Thrkey, with its own restive Kurdish population. Government officials here complain loudly that they do not fully trust American assurances that there will be no actual Kurdish state. But many experts say there is' a greater worry about a new wa,r:money. Thrkey remains in a deep economic crisis. Reportedly a financial package worth roughly $5billion is being discussed. Some experts suggest that it would also help if the United States pushed the European Union to set a date for entrance talks at a meeting of ministeI:s of the European Union in December. Iraq may, otherwise, remain a hard sell here. Le Parlement kurde examine des projets de Constitution sur un' Irak fédéral ~ , - ERBIL (Irak), 31 oct (AFP) - 20h~] - Le parlement du Kurdistan irakien a commencé à débattre jeudi de deux projets de Constitution prévoyant l'instauration d'un système fédéral arabo-kurde en Irak et d'une autonomie dans cette région, qui échappe totalement au pouvoir de Bagdad depuis 1991. Selon ces deux projets, les principale~ -tâches seraient dévolues au gouvernement irakien, mais la ville de Kirkouk (nord), riche en pétrole, actuellement sous le contrôle de Bagdad, deviendrait la capitale de la région du Kurdistan, dans le cadre d'un Irak "fédéral". , , Au cours de la réunion,du Parlement, le contenu de ces documents devra être approuvé, après des débats étalés sur plusieurs sessions au cours desquelles des amendements mineurs pourront leur, être apportés. " La séance de jeudi a notamment été marquée par la venue du Français Bernard Kouchner, premier administrateur de l'ONU au Kosovo et ex-ministre délégué à la Santé, actuellement en visite dans la région. Celui-ci a assisté à la réunion et fait une courte intervention devant les députés, se félicitant de l'accord de paix intervenu entre les factions kurdes, a constaté un journaliste de l'AFP. Les deux projets de Constitution ont été approuvés par les deux principales factions rivales kurdes qui se partagent le contrôle du ' Kurdistan, le Parti démocratique du Kurdistan (PDK, de Massoud Barzani) et l'Union patriotique du Kurdistan (UPK, de lalal Talabani) avant la première séance en six ans de leur parlement unifié le 4 octobre. Le rétablissement du parlement, où le PDK occupe 51 sièges et l'UPK 49, avec cinq sièges réservés à des partis chrétiens, avait été marqué par la ratification d'un accord de paix entre les deux factions, sur fond de menaces américaines de frapper l'Irak pour renverser le - 100
Revue de Presse-Press Review-Berhevoka Çapê-Rivista Stampa-Dentro de la Prensa-Baszn Özeti président Saddam Hussein. Le projet de Constitution dépeint l'Irak comme urie région kurde et une autre arabe, devant constituer un "Irak fédéral", qui serait doté d'un "système dé~ocratique, parlementaire et républicain".' Selon le texte, dont une copie a été obtenue par l'AFP, la région du Kurdistan comprendrait Kirkouk et trois autres provinces -Erbil, Dohuk et Sulaimaniya- actuellement sous contr
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