Bulletin de liaison et d'information - Institut kurde de Paris

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Revue de Presse-Press Review-Berhevoka Çapê-Rivista Stampa-Dentro de la Prensa-Basm Özeti procès, d'une jeune femme d'une force et d'une détermination incroyabl15,Son combat est alßSÎ le IlÔlre : celui du respect de la démocratie et des droits universels. Elle est emmurée. Mais noUs au Parlement européen, 1I0US sommes impuissants malgré la carolle de l'Union douanière. Depuis la signature de l'Union douanière, que notre groupe n'a pas votée, ne pouvons même plus rendre visite à Lcyla Zana et la situa1iondes droits de l'homme 5'est aggravé en Turquie. Elle est là aussi pour nous rappeler le combat pour la démocratie: "Je suis kurde et je défends mon identité .... Je crois très important le rôle des fenunes. En tant que femme, en tant que kurde, je veux que ce bain de sang s'arrête. Oui .... que tout cela s'arrête! Mon combat pour les droits de l'homme fera avancer la démocratie en Turquie. Je suis lucide et c'est aujourd'hui le prix à payer. Je suis là pour les Kurdes et pour les Turques". B~%5V97 RésolutioD lor la UbératiOD de LeyIa Zana Le Parlement européen, A rappelant ses précédentes résolutionS sur les violations des d.roitsde l'homme eu Turquie. B. déplorant que LeyIa ZANA, prix ~lr1"lTOV du Parleme:at européen 1995. soit maintCl1ue eu prison pour avoir prôné la démocratie et la reconnllis-Ç8ncedes droits du peuple kurde par des moyens pacifiqucSt 1. exige la libération nnmédiate de Mme Ley1a Zmla. PtVç S34'kharov 1995 du Parlement euro;ée:o.; 2. tfP.mMlde la.höératiOn.de tous le~ antr~ l'risonniers pnlitiqp~ et d'Q,pwons ~ TurQ)lÏe: .3~ charge SOD. président de tJ'aftl:meftre Ja présente résolution au Coi1seiI. à la Comrniqion, aux • gouvemements des Etats membres ainsi qu'au gouvememcnt turc. PE 258.398 INTERNATIONAL HERALD TRIBUNE, TUESDAY, MARCH 11, 19"n ~.Kurdl.sh FIe ghters "'\Yl age .[ra~~~~:rae.;:e~g1.~o~~~~ns~~~~~~ ~ ~ P hi By Stephen Kinzer New }(,rk Times Sen'ia W ~ out a living as shepherds and fanners, the war seems to be all but over. e 0 e e Three or four years ago, guerrillas ar or U Ie pInIon fromtheKurdishWorkersParty,known . . a~ the PKK, roamed freely in the area. But the Turkish Army has builta 500- soldier base on the edge of town, and But Ankara Wîns Some Hearts and lHinds squads ~e on cons~t patn?l in the . -- _' _. . _. .. -.:. ... . . ~urroundmg mountams. Thmgs are BATMAN, Turkey - Whether Tur- quiet again. key is wirming its 12-year war against' On one recent afternoon, military of- Kurdish separatists depends on which lü'crs convened a meeting of 10calmen. village vou believe_ ~. who thanked them effusive1y for their 54
Revue de Presse-Press Review-Berhevoka Çapê-Rivista Stampa-Dentro de la Prensa-Basm Özeti work. "Thanks to the soldiers, we 're going to open the coal mine again, and maybe even get a paved road, " said the village chief, Nadir Yaman, who has two wives and 18 children. "Maybe a few people from this area were tricked into joining the PKK, but no one supports them any more. The PKK is a terror and murder group." But about 200 kilometers (about 120 miles) northwest of Caliskan lies the village of Gumusorgu. Rumors have been circulating through the surrounding countryside that something awful may have happened there. Some say soldiers burned the village or forcibly evacuated it or committed some kind of atrocity there. A reporter who tried to reach Gumusorgu this week was arrested, taken to a military prison in Batman, the provincial capital, and interrogated for seven hours by angry government agents who accused him of spying for the Kurdish rebels. Part of the proof they cited was a restaurant receipt they found in his pocket indicating that he had met with a representative of a group with the phrase "human rights" in its name. , One agent described Gumusorgu an~ two other villages that the reporter had hoped to visit as "PKK villages." Another said Batman Province and neighboring Siirt Province were infested by the rebels. "They're all over the place!" he shouted. "We can't go out at night. The PKK is everywhere around here. " Is the war proceeding as it looks from Caliskan, with the army in firm control and local Kurds grateful that life is returning to normal? Or is it the way it looks from around Gumusorgu, where soldiers seem far from victory and rumors .of repJ:ession spread unchecked over the high hills? A six-day tour of southeastern Turkey suggests that the army has dealt powerful blows to the rebel. group, killing many guerrillas and forcmg most of the rest across the border to sanctuaries in Iran, Iraq and Syria. Many villages once tom by conflict are now at peace. . But throughout the regIon, many Kurds still resent the government's refusal to accept their ethnic identity. With Kurdish newsr.apers closed, Kurdish politicians in jatl and hundreds of Kurdish civilians murdered by mysterious death squads, the Kurdish Workers Party is the only surviving organization that upholds the concept of Kurdish identity. "People are not for the PKK, because the PKK kills children and schoolteachers and commits all kinds of violence," said a university student in Diyarbakir, the largest city in the region. "But there is a certain sympathy, because we share the same blood. "We want to be able to express ourselves as Kurds, with books and newspapers and radio and television stations, " the student said. ,. What the government has done makes us think they are against any peaceful Kurdish movement." As many as one-fourth of the 60 million people in Turkeyare fully or partly Kurdish, tracing their lineage back to tribes that have lived in this region for more than 2,000 years. Kurds have never had a state of their own, and today not only the Turkish government but also the governments of Iran, Iraq and Syria, all of which have substantial Kurdish populations, strenuously oppose efforts to create one on their territory. The group leading that effort is the Kurdish Workers Party, tapping a deep strain of Kurdish natIonalism that has persisted since the founding of the Turkish Republic 73 years ago. The first evidently organized Turkish response to the rebels was a campaign of murder and kidnapping that has killed hundreds or perhaps thousands of Kurdish nationalists since 1991. This wave of killings effectively decapitated the Kurdish elite in southeastern Turkey. It mayalso have crippled the rebels' efforts to build an organized base among civilians. The next blow against the rebels was struck by the army, which beginning in 1993 flooded southeastern provinces with hundreds of thousands of soldiers. They have overwhelmed the rebels; who probably never had more than 10,000 guerrillas. Army intelligence officers say they believe that fewer than 3,000 guerrillas remain inside Turkey, with perhaps an additional 4,000 encamped in neigh. boring countries. Published estimates suggest that the war against the Kurdish rebels costs Turkey $7 billion to $8 billion a year. Despite that cost, despite the social upheaval caused by the hundreds of thousands of Kurds who have abandoned their villages voluntarily or on orders from the army, and despite the. political price that Turkey has had to pay for the accusations of human-rights violations that have been lodged against it in Europe and the rest of the world, most Turks seem to believe that their leaders have no alternative. "Turks have never forgotten how the West tried to dismantle the Ottoman Empire," said liter Turan, a political scientist at Koc University in Istanbul. "They see the PKK as ,trying to cut away a part of Turkey to create a separate state, and they don't tolerate that. " 1-L1::Ll:LB' ----l...JL:.JL::]""TIl\-L.J..---- Northern Iraqi peace committee to hold first session Ankara- Turkish Daily News The participants at Tuesday's meeting will attempt to take the necessary steps for building confidence between the parties and implementing the Ankara agreement, including the principles of sharing border revenues and coordination between the two administrations in the region • With tension in northern Iraq increasing rapidly, a high-level coordination committee will come together in Ankara on Tuesday to discuss the northern Iraqi peace movement. . The committee, made up of representatives of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK), the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP), and the Turkmen Front, will look at how exactly to implement the agreemem reached between the parties in Ankara on Jan. 15. According to one source, the participants at Tuesday's meeting will attempt "to take the necessary steps for building confidence between the parties, for reconciliation, and implementing the Ankara agreement, including the principles of sharing border revenues and coordination between the two administrations in thè region." The sponsors of the meeting, Britain, the United States and Turkey, are expected to urge for the establishment of a temporary united regional government which would be responsible for holding elections. At the moment the PUK and the KDP each have a separate Parliament. The PUK will be represented by a delegation headed by Fouad Masoum and which includes Shazad 55
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