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Revue de Presse-Press Review-Berhevoka Çapê-Rivista Stampa-Dentro de la Prensa-Basm Ozeti head of the second largest army in NATO have taken the conflict to the rebels. "They had to learn to fight and fly at night and put people up in the mountains day and night, just like the rebels are there day and night," said the observer. "The most effective weapon against the PKK is soldiers who live the same, fight the same way they do," said the official. It is a war where little quarter is given. Emergency rule authorities say troops have killed some 23,000 rebels since 1987, only 3,500 have been captured alive. The PKK has killed 5,000 troops and 4,000 civilians, wounding nearly 16,000. The generals do not discriminate between those sticking to the ceasefire and those not. All must give themselves up or be "neutralised," they say. "If they all come and surrender the whole thing could end today," said the military official. Nor are Ocalan's rebels safe in northern Iraq where local Kurdish parties have set up a de-facto autonomy since throwing off Baghdad rule at the end of the 1991 Gulf War. Massoud Barzani's Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP) controlling much of Iraqi border region closely cooperates with Turkish forces crossing the frontier to hunt PKK guerrillas. With the military onslaught and outright failure to secure political concessions through its "peace" initiatives, the PKK is at its most critical point since Ocalan founded it in 1978. Between them Turkey and the PKK have effectively silenced alternative Kurdish parties. The pro-Kurdish People's Democracy Party (HADEP), while formally eschewing violence, echoes the PKK party line and now faces possible closure by the courts. Many Kurds, while vehemently opposed to seeing Ocalan hanged, feel he is betraying their interests by simplifying the Kurdish problem into a struggle between himself and the hangman. "What did all these people die for?" said one Tunceli resident. "The guerrillas fought for independence, not for Ocalan to sell them out just to save himself." Meanwhile disillusion reigns and rebel recruitment is down. "No one wants to go to the mountains just to sit there and do nothing," said a Tunceli youth. "If you go, you go to fight." Turkey has agreed to stay a decision on Ocalan's death penalty pending the outcome of an appeal at the European Court of Human Rights, likely in 18 months. Until then, those rebels still loyal to Ocalan -- the large m~ority -- have little alternative but to sit tight while the army maintains its relentless attack. ****************** jeudi 30 mars 2000, 7h43 Turquie: Ecevit s'interroge sur l'avenir de son gouvernement ~KARA (Re~ters). - Le Premier ministre turc, Bulent Ecevit. déclare jeudi dans la presse turque qu'il s mterroge sur 1avenu de son gouvernement après le revers essuyé la veille au parlement. Cité par le quotidien Sabah, le chef du gouvernement précise qu'il n'exclut aucune possibilité. "Lorsque je ser~i en ~nd~, je réfléc~irai ~ to~t c~la, y co~pri.s le maintien du gouvernement", dit-il. "Que chacun y pense pendant quatre JOurs , ajoute Ecevlt, qUI dOIt s envoler JeudI pour une visite en Inde. Mercredi, Bule~t .Ecevit n'a pu réunir de majorité qualifiée autour de son projet d'amendement de la Constitution visant à permettre au presIdent Suleyman Demirel de briguer un nouveau mandat. Le vote a .surtout mis en lumière des tiraillements internes au sein de la coalition gouvernementale entre le Parti de la gauche démocratIque (DSP) d'Ecevit et le Parti d'action nationaliste (MHP). 85
Revue de Presse-Press Review-BerhevolŒ Çapê-Rivista Stampa-Dentro de la Prensa-Baszn Özeti Council of Europe MPs urge Turkey to cooperate o~ Kl!rdt~h q!lestjon DIYARBAKIR, Turkey, March 28 (AFP) Council of Europe deputies on Tuesday urged Turkey to cooperate with Europe to improve the situation of the Kurdish population. "There is a real problem in this region. Turkish officials and Turkey's friends should come to~e~her ~d find a soluti~n," A~dreas Barsony of Hungary, the head of the council delegation, saId 10 thIS southeastern cIty whIch has been at the heart of a IS-year Kurdish rebe11ion. Barsony and his three col1eagues are in the region on a mission to collect data for a report on developments in Turkey's much-criticized human rights record. Turkey is a member of the Council of Europe and has also been told by the European Union to improve its rights record if it wants to become a member. The delegation met local officials, Kurdish politicians and rights activists, including the local head of the pro-Kurdish People's Democracy Party (HADEP), which faces a closure case for al1eged links with the outlawed Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK). Southeast Turkey has seen bitter clashes between government troops and the PKK-- consi~ered a "terr?rist" org~nization by Ankara -- since 1984, when the rebels took up arms for KurdIsh self-rule 10 the regIOn. . The conflict, which has claimed some 36,500 lives, has led to anegations of rights violations on both sides, stalled economic activity in the already poverty-hit region, and caused massive migration to Turkey's urban west. "We know there are problems (that impede reforms) in Turkey's constitution ... The Council of Europe could provide Turkey with legal assistance in this respect," Barsony said. He added that they will travel on to Ankara and meet the Turkish ministers of foreign affairs, interior and justice as wen as Turkish parliamentarians on Wednesday and Thursday. **************** Reuters Mar 28 2000 u.s. regrets Turkey put .rights leader back in jail WASHINGTON (Reuters) - The United States said on Tuesday it deeply regretted that Turkey had put its top human rights activist back in jail and accused it of violating its international obligations. Akin Birdal was charged in 1997 with "inciting hatred and enmity" a.fterhe made a speech calling for a settlement to the Kurdish issue and linking rights violations to the problem. In June 1999 he was jailed for 9-1/2monhts, but.was released in September for medical reasons arising from wounds he received in 1998 when two nationalist gunmen stormed the offices of his Human Rights Association and shot him six times in the chest and leg. He returned to jail on Tuesday to serve the six remaining months of his sentence. "They did not accept my medical report," Birdal, who still walks with a limp and needs regular hospital care, told reporters before walking into an Ankara prison. State Department spokesman James Foley told a news briefing Birdal was well known as a responsible voice for peaceful change and reconciliation in Turkey". "All of Turkey's citizens should be able fully to exercise their right to peaceful freedom of expression, as recognized by international human rights instruments," Foley said. ,'Putting Mr Birdal back in jail is inconsistent with this principle," he added. Turkey saysit has all but defeated the Kurdistan Workers' Partyafter capturing rebel leader Abdullah Ocalan last year. The European Union, which made Turkey a membership candidate in December, has urged Ankara to give its 12 million Kurds minority and cultural rights. Ankara says that to give them special status would undermine equality. 86
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