the contrary, the global behavior of the flow seems to be correctly reproduced using mo<strong>de</strong>l UM2. Moreover, reasonable agreement with experimental data is obtained on streamwise velocity profile in the perforated zone. However, the velocity is slightly un<strong>de</strong>r-estimated near the wall, which is consistent with the comparison of the mo<strong>de</strong>l with the reference small-scale wall-resolved LES data. Despite this un<strong>de</strong>r-estimation, the mo<strong>de</strong>l UM2 is consi<strong>de</strong>red to be correct enough to be used in full combustion chamber flow computations. The mo<strong>de</strong>l can be used in the presented form in non-isothermal computations: in this case, the wall is implicitly assumed to be adiabatic. D<strong>et</strong>ailed information of the flow around multi-perforated plated is crucial not only to d<strong>et</strong>ermine which physical characteristics have to be mo<strong>de</strong>led but also to evaluate the exactness of the mo<strong>de</strong>ling assumptions. The comparison with the reference small-scale wall-resolved LES data indicates that improvements to the UM2 mo<strong>de</strong>l can be obtained by refining the mo<strong>de</strong>ling of the time- and spatial-averaged streamwise velocity at the hole inl<strong>et</strong>/outl<strong>et</strong> and by being able to evaluate the shape of the time-averaged velocity field at the hole inl<strong>et</strong>/outl<strong>et</strong>. Acknowledgments The authors are grateful to the European Community for funding this work un<strong>de</strong>r the project INTELLECT-DM (Contract No. FP6 - AST3 - CT - 2003 - 502961), and to the CINES (Centre Informatique National pour l’Enseignement Supérieur) and the BSC (Barcelona Supercomputing Center) for the access to supercomputer facilities. The authors would also like to thank Turbomeca and P<strong>et</strong>re Miron for the access to the LARA experimental database. References 1 Lefebvre, A. H., Gas Turbines Combustion, Taylor & Francis, 1999. 2 Simpson, R. L., “Characteristics of turbulent boundary layers at low Reynolds numbers with and without transpiration,” J. Fluid Mech., Vol. 42, No. 4, 1970, pp. 769–802. 3 Piomelli, U., Ferziger, J. H., Moin, P., and Kim, J., “New approximate boundary conditions for large eddy <strong>simulation</strong>s of wall-boun<strong>de</strong>d flows,” Phys. Fluids A, Vol. 1, No. 6, 1989, pp. 1061–68. 4 MacManus, D. G. and Eaton, J. A., “Flow physics of discr<strong>et</strong>e boundary layer suction - measurements and predictions,” J. Fluid Mech., Vol. 417, 2000, pp. 47–75. 5 P<strong>et</strong>erson, S. D. and Plesniak, M. W., “Evolution of j<strong>et</strong>s emanating from short holes into crossflow,” J. Fluid Mech., Vol. 503, 2004, pp. 57–91. 6 Pe<strong>et</strong>, Y. V., Film cooling from inclined cylindrical holes using Large-Eddy Simulations, Ph.D. thesis, Stanford University, 2006. 7 Margason, R. J., “Fifty years of j<strong>et</strong> in crossflow research,” Computational and Experimental Assessment of J<strong>et</strong>s in Crossflow, edited by U. Winchester, Vol. AGARD-CP-534, 1993, pp. 1–41. 23 of 26
8 Fric, T. and Roshko, A., “Vortical structure in the wake of a transverse j<strong>et</strong>,” J. Fluid Mech., Vol. 279, 1994, pp. 1–47. 9 Smith, S. H. and Mungal, M. G., “Mixing, structure and scaling of the j<strong>et</strong> in crossflow,” J. Fluid Mech., Vol. 357, 1998, pp. 83–122. 10 Cortelezzi, L. and Karagozian, A. R., “On the formation of the counter-rotating vortex pair in transverse j<strong>et</strong>s,” J. Fluid Mech., Vol. 446, 2001, pp. 347–373. 11 Muppidi, S. and Mahesh, K., “Direct Numerical Simulation of round turbulent j<strong>et</strong>s in crossflow,” J. Fluid Mech., Vol. 574, 2007, pp. 59–84. 12 Bergeles, G., Gosman, A. D., and Laun<strong>de</strong>r, B. E., “The Near-Field Character of a J<strong>et</strong> Discharged Normal to a Main Stream,” J. of Heat Transfer, 1976, pp. 373–378. 13 Bergeles, G., Gosman, A. D., and Laun<strong>de</strong>r, B. E., “Near-Field Character of a J<strong>et</strong> Discharged through a Wall at 30 <strong>de</strong>g to a Mainstream,” AIAA J., Vol. 15, No. 4, 1977, pp. 499–504. 14 Iourokina, I. V. and Lele, S. K., “Large Eddy Simulation of Film-Cooling Above the Flat Surface with a Large Plenum and Short Exit Holes,” 44th Aerospace Sciences Me<strong>et</strong>ing and Exhibit, 2006. 15 Walters, D. and Leylek, J., “A D<strong>et</strong>ailed Analysis of Film-Cooling Physics: Part 1- Streamwise Injection With Cylindrical Holes,” ASME J. Turbomach., Vol. 122, 2000, pp. 102–112. 16 Yavuzkurt, S., Moffat, R. J., and Kays, W. M., “Full coverage film cooling. Part 1. Three-dimensional measurements of turbulence structure,” J. Fluid Mech., Vol. 101, 1980, pp. 129–158. 17 Gustafsson, K. M. B., Experimental Studies of Effusion Cooling, Ph.D. thesis, Chalmers University of Technology. Göteborg, 2001. 18 Miron, P., Étu<strong>de</strong> expérimentale <strong>de</strong>s lois <strong>de</strong> parois <strong>et</strong> du film <strong>de</strong> refroidissement produit par une zone multiperforée sur une paroi plane., Ph.D. thesis, Université <strong>de</strong> Pau <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s Pays <strong>de</strong> l’Adour, 2005. 19 M<strong>et</strong>zger, D. E., Takeuchi, D. I., and Kuenstler, P. A., “Effectiveness and heat transfer with fullcoverage film-cooling,” ASME paper, 1973. 20 Crawford, M. E., Kays, W. M., and Moffat, R. J., “Full-coverage film cooling. Part I : Comparison of Heat Transfer Data for Three Injection Angles,” J. of Engineering for Power, Vol. 102, 1980, pp. 1000–1005. 21 Bazdidi-Tehrani, F. and Andrews, G. E., “Full-coverage discr<strong>et</strong>e hole film cooling : investigation of the effect of variable <strong>de</strong>nsity ratio,” J. of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Vol. 116, 1994, pp. 587–596. 22 Rouvreau, S., Étu<strong>de</strong> expérimentale <strong>de</strong> la structure moyenne <strong>et</strong> instantanée d’un film produit par une zone multiperforée sur une paroi plane. Application au refroidissement <strong>de</strong>s chambres <strong>de</strong> combustion <strong>de</strong>s moteurs aéronautiques, Ph.D. thesis, E.N.S.M.A. <strong>et</strong> Faculté <strong>de</strong>s Sciences Fondamentales <strong>et</strong> Appliquées, 2001. 23 Hay, N. and Lampard, D., “Discharge Coefficient of Turbines Cooling Holes,” ASME J. Turbomach., Vol. 120, 1998, pp. 314–319. 24 Gritsch, M., Schultz, A., and Wittig, S., “Effect of Crossflows on the Discharge Coefficient of Film Cooling Holes With Varying Angles of Inclination and Orientation,” ASME J. Turbomach., Vol. 123, 2001, pp. 781–787. 25 Papanicolaou, E., Giebert, D., Koch, R., and Schultz, A., “A conservation-based discr<strong>et</strong>ization approach for conjugate heat transfer calculations in hot-gas ducting turbomachinery components,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 44, 2001, pp. 3413–3429. 26 Harrington, M. K., McWaters, M. A., Bogard, D. G., A., L. C., and Thole, K. A., “Full-coverage film cooling with short normal injection holes,” ASME TURBOEXPO 2001. 2001-GT-0130, 2001. 24 of 26
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UNIVERSITE MONTPELLIER II SCIENCES
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Table des matières Remerciements 7
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Remerciements Cette thèse a été
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Liste des symboles Lettres romaines
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Introduction générale La volonté
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Chapitre 1 Contexte industriel et s
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1.1 Les turbines à gaz pour les tu
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1.1 Les turbines à gaz a) b) GAZ C
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1.2 La simulation numérique des é
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1.3 Objectifs et plan de la thèse
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Chapitre 2 L’écoulement autour d
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2.4 Caractérisation aérodynamique
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2.5 Modélisation de la multi-perfo
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Chapitre 3 Simulations des grandes
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3.2 Simulations des Grandes Echelle
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3.3 Le code de calcul AVBP 3.3.1 As
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Chapitre 4 Simulations numériques
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Chapitre 5 Simulations numériques
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2 S. Mendez and F. Nicoud COMBUSTIO
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4 S. Mendez and F. Nicoud (c) The i
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6 S. Mendez and F. Nicoud CALCULATI
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