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LES of a bi-periodic turbulent flow with effusion 23 Figure 15. Grey isosurface of Q criterion (0.55 V j 2 /d 2 ) from Run C showing four structures present in the time-averaged field: two pairs of counter-rotating vortices downstream of the hole (1) and within the aperture (2), the horseshoe vortex (3) just upstream of the hole, the small downstream spiral separation node vortices immediately downstream of the aperture exit (4). Two dark grey iso-surfaces of Q-criterion show two additional structures: the pair of suction vortices (5), Q = 0.05 V j 2 /d 2 and small streamwise vortices (6) on the injection side, lying beneath the CVP, Q = 0.2 V j 2 /d 2 .
24 S. Mendez and F. Nicoud Figure 16. Isosurface of Q criterion (5 V j 2 /d 2 ) from Run C showing the instantaneous flow structure. Top: top view. Bottom: side view. fields. Note that they appear beneath the location where the vortices composing the CVP get closer from each other, at approximately x = 3.5 d. Instantaneous fields of Q-criterion offer a very different picture of the vortical flow structure. Instantaneous structures are much intense, as shown in figure 16, where an instantaneous iso-surface of Q-criterion at 5 V j 2 /d 2 is shown. Again, the solid wall is partly transparent to allow observation of the in-hole behaviour. The instantaneous field is dominated by shear layer vortices formed at the upstream face of the jet and also inside the aperture, at the high shear zone that separates the low-momentum and the jetting regions. These in-hole vortices have an hairpin form with two legs located in the low-momentum region, in the direction of the hole. The counter-rotating vortex pair observed within the hole in the average field actually results from the averaging of series of hairpin vortices: they form a unique structure in an instantaneous visualisation. The hairpin vortices seem to result from the roll-up of the vorticity located at the sharp edge of the hole entrance. Outside the hole, in addition to the shear layer vortices, another type of vortices are detected. They are located close to the wall and have a streamwise
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UNIVERSITE MONTPELLIER II SCIENCES
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Table des matières Remerciements 7
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Remerciements Cette thèse a été
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Liste des symboles Lettres romaines
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Introduction générale La volonté
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Chapitre 1 Contexte industriel et s
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1.1 Les turbines à gaz pour les tu
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1.1 Les turbines à gaz a) b) GAZ C
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1.2 La simulation numérique des é
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1.3 Objectifs et plan de la thèse
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Chapitre 2 L’écoulement autour d
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2.1 Présentation de la configurati
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2.2 Perte de charge au passage d’
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2.3 La multi-perforation : aspects
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2.4 Caractérisation aérodynamique
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2.5 Modélisation de la multi-perfo
Page 69 and 70: Chapitre 3 Simulations des grandes
Page 71 and 72: 3.2 Simulations des Grandes Echelle
Page 73 and 74: 3.3 Le code de calcul AVBP 3.3.1 As
Page 75 and 76: 3.3 Le code de calcul AVBP dans le
Page 77 and 78: 3.3 Le code de calcul AVBP de sa st
Page 79 and 80: Chapitre 4 Simulations numériques
Page 81 and 82: 4.1 Quelles simulations pour la mod
Page 83 and 84: 4.2 Choix de la méthode de simulat
Page 85 and 86: 4.2 Choix de la méthode de simulat
Page 87 and 88: 4.3 Sensibilité des simulations au
Page 99 and 100: 2 S. Mendez and F. Nicoud COMBUSTIO
Page 101 and 102: 4 S. Mendez and F. Nicoud (c) The i
Page 103 and 104: 6 S. Mendez and F. Nicoud CALCULATI
Page 105 and 106: 8 S. Mendez and F. Nicoud Name Numb
Page 107 and 108: 10 S. Mendez and F. Nicoud x/d z/d
Page 109 and 110: 12 S. Mendez and F. Nicoud main, it
Page 111 and 112: 14 S. Mendez and F. Nicoud 1.0 a 1.
Page 113 and 114: 16 S. Mendez and F. Nicoud ROWS 1 3
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Page 117 and 118: 20 S. Mendez and F. Nicoud 30 ◦ 3
Page 119: 22 S. Mendez and F. Nicoud & Mahesh
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Page 125 and 126: 28 S. Mendez and F. Nicoud film, th
Page 127 and 128: 30 S. Mendez and F. Nicoud Region t
Page 129 and 130: 32 S. Mendez and F. Nicoud Expressi
Page 131 and 132: 34 S. Mendez and F. Nicoud geometri
Page 133 and 134: 36 S. Mendez and F. Nicoud (f) Two
Page 135 and 136: 38 S. Mendez and F. Nicoud Mendez,
Page 137 and 138: Chapitre 6 Un modèle adiabatique p
Page 139 and 140: ρ Mass density, kg/m 3 P T V i τ
Page 141 and 142: cence of the jets. This is particul
Page 143 and 144: Simulations. The small-scale LES re
Page 145 and 146: chosen to compare with numerical re
Page 147 and 148: pressure drop of 41 Pa is effective
Page 149 and 150: Region total plate hole solid wall
Page 151 and 152: This equality is almost verified at
Page 153 and 154: V U σ V inj jet cotan(α′ ) V U
Page 155 and 156: PERIODIC Z INFLOW 1 WALL 24 OUTFLOW
Page 157 and 158: part of the plate. Downstream of th
Page 159 and 160: streamwise momentum flux. As a cons
Page 161 and 162: 8 Fric, T. and Roshko, A., “Vorti
Page 163 and 164: Discussion sur la modélisation de
Page 165 and 166: 20 15 10 y/d 5 0 -5 -10 0.0 0.2 0.4
Page 169 and 170: Primary flow (burnt gases) Secondar
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Figure 7: Nusselt number over the s
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the perforated plate. A Large-Eddy
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Les tableaux de flux permettent de
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Conclusion générale Dans cette é
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Conclusion générale En ce qui con
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Bibliographie AKSELVOLL, K. & MOIN,
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BIBLIOGRAPHIE CORON, X. 2001 Étude
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BIBLIOGRAPHIE HALE, C. A., PLESNIAK
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BIBLIOGRAPHIE LIEUWEN, T. & YANG, V
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BIBLIOGRAPHIE MOST, A. & BRUEL, P.
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BIBLIOGRAPHIE SCHILDKNECHT, M., MIL
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Annexes
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ARTIFICIAL VISCOSITY MODELS A.2.1 T
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ARTIFICIAL VISCOSITY MODELS - 4 th
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ARTIFICIAL VISCOSITY MODELS As a co
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ARTIFICIAL VISCOSITY MODELS 202
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