Journal of Film Preservation - FIAF
Journal of Film Preservation - FIAF
Journal of Film Preservation - FIAF
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Restauration de films en noir et blanc<br />
Cet article traite de la restauration chimique<br />
de l’image argentique noir et blanc dégradée<br />
par effacement progressif ou par<br />
jaunissement. Les auteurs attirent l’attention<br />
sur le fait que l’image noir et blanc à base<br />
de nitrate d’argent se détériore par<br />
effacement progressif ou par jaunissement,<br />
suite à un développement effectué dans des<br />
conditions non appropriées. Les auteurs<br />
pensent que ces films peuvent être restaurés<br />
à condition que le substrat adhésif ne soit<br />
pas encore dégradé. La restauration des<br />
images argentiques noir et blanc qui ont subi<br />
une dégradation d’intensité ou qui ont<br />
souffert d’un jaunissement s’effectue par<br />
l’utilisation d’un agent oxydant spécial et<br />
d’un liquide de développement approprié.<br />
mentioned processes take place in a normally lit environment; but the<br />
film after cleaning and water washing should be immediately processed<br />
in a development bath without exposure to light. In this stage, a print<br />
development bath with low sulphur content such as D-72 (diluted 1:2),<br />
PQM, pi-1 or Kodak D-5 original solution. The film should be<br />
developed thoroughly and non-developed silver halide should no longer<br />
exist. The silver halide does not require fixing, but in order to harden<br />
the emulsion for long-term preservation, F-5 acidic fixing bath is still<br />
required.<br />
Table 1. Chemical restoration technology <strong>of</strong> yellowed black-andwhite<br />
film<br />
Process Temperature Time<br />
1. pre-harden 18 - 20°C 5 min<br />
2. water-wash 2 min<br />
3. halide bleach 18 - 20°C 1.5 - 2 min.<br />
4. water-wash 6 min<br />
5. cleaning 20 - 25°C 10 min<br />
6. water-wash 16 min<br />
7. development 18 - 20°C 4 - 5 min<br />
8. water-wash 6 min<br />
9. fixing 6 min<br />
10. water-wash Over 15 min<br />
Table 2. Formula <strong>of</strong> yellowed black-and-white film restoration<br />
bath<br />
(1) Alkaline formaldehyde pre-harden bath<br />
1. sodium carbonate anhydrous 10g<br />
2. 37.5% formaldehyde 20ml<br />
3. water add to 1000ml<br />
(2) bleach bath<br />
1. potassium dichromate 9.5g<br />
2. concentrated sulfuric acid 13ml<br />
3. sodium chloride 140g<br />
4. water add to 1000ml<br />
(3) cleaning bath<br />
1. sodium sulfite 100g<br />
or potassium pyrosulfite 50g<br />
or sodium bisulfite 50g<br />
2. water add to 1000ml<br />
(4) PQM development bath<br />
1. phemidone 0.02g<br />
2. hydroquinone 6.5g<br />
3. metol 0.70g<br />
4. sodium sulfite anhydrous 25g<br />
5. sodium carbonate anhydrous 30g<br />
6. bromide potassium 2g<br />
7. water add to 1000ml<br />
(5) F-5 acidic fixing bath<br />
1. water (50 - 70°C) 600ml<br />
2. thiosulfate sodium crystals 240g<br />
46 <strong>Journal</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Film</strong> <strong>Preservation</strong> / 58/59 / 1999
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