Revue internationale d'écologie méditerranéenne International ...

KAMAL H. SHALTOUT, TAREK M. GALAL, THANAA M. EL-KOMI
86
1992), but lower than that of T. alexandrinum
(43.4%: Chauhan et al. 1980). In addition, the
crude fiber of all species were higher than that
of T. alexandrinum (21.5%: Chauhan et al.
1980) except those of E. crassipes which are
relatively low.
DCP attained its maximum values (11.3%) in
the living parts of C. demersum. The value
required for the diet of sheep is about 6.1%
(NRC 1975). In general, straw and chaff of
grasses have very low, and often zero DCP
(Demarquilly & Weiss 1970). DCP in Egyptian
clover hay is about 9.0% (Shoukry 1992).
It seems that the nutritive values of the living
parts of the studied species are within the
range of nutritive value of sheep (NRC 1975),
goat (NRC 1981), dairy cattle (NRC 1978)
and beef cattle (NRC 1984).
E. stagnina had the highest TDN in the living
and dead parts, while C. demersum had the
lowest. In comparison, Heneidy and Bidak
(1996) recorded a TDN average of 68.8% in
P. australis, and El-Beheiry and El-Kady
(1998) reported a TDN of 50% in some
Tamarix species. Abdel-Razik et al. (1988)
reported an annual range of 66.0-75.0% in the
Mediterranean coastal region of Egypt.
Chauhan et al. (1980) reported a value of
66.7% for Egyptian clover, while Shoukry
(1992) reported a range of 34.0-48.0% for
some rough fodder materials. The living parts
of E. stagnina had the highest value of DE
(2.8 Mcal kg -1 ), while C. demersum had the
lowest. In comparison, cheeps are known to
require 2.7 Mcal kg -1 for diet (NRC 1975).
Heneidy and Bidak (1996) reported 3.04 Mcal
kg -1 for P. australis, while El-Kady (2002)
reprted 2.4 Mcal kg -1 and 2.2 Mcal kg -1 for
the living and dead parts, respectively. Moreover,
Chauhan et al. (1980) reported 2.9 Mcal
kg -1 for T. alexandrinum. The maximum ME
was 2.3 Mcal kg -1 in the living parts of E.
stagnina, while the minimum (1.5 Mcal kg -1 )
was in that of C. demersum. In comparable
studies, P. australis had a value of 2.62 Mcal
kg -1 (Heneidy & Bidak 1996) and T. alexandrinum
had a value of 2.46 Mcal kg -1
(Chauhan et al. 1980). The cheep and breeding
cattle require 2.23 and 2.1 Mcal kg -1 ,
respectively (NRC 1975, 1984). Using the
forage quality table of Boudet and Riviere
(1968), the living parts of E. crassipes and C.
demersum were considered as excellent forages,
while the dead parts of all species and
the living parts of E. stagnina were evaluated
as poor forage.
References
Abdel-Razik M., Ayyad M.A. & Heneidy S.Z., 1988.
Preference of grazing mammals for forage species
and their nutritive value in the Mediterranean desert
ecosystem (Egypt). J. Arid Environ. 15: 297-305.
Allen S.E., Grimshaw H.M., Parkinson J.A., Quamby
C. & Roberts J.D., 1986. Methods in plant ecology.
2 nd Edition (Ed. by Moore P.D. & Chapman S.B.).
Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford: 411-466.
Anonymous, 1975. Energy allowances and feeding system
for ruminants. Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries
and Food. London, Her Majesty’s Stationary
Office, Technical Bulletin, 33 p.
Baldantoni D., Alfani A., Di Tommasi P., Bartoli G. &
Virzo De Santo A., 2004. Assessment of macro and
microelement accumulation capability of two aquatic
plants. Environ. Poll. 130: 149-156.
Boudet G. & Rivière R., 1968. Emploi pratique des analyses
fourragères pour l’appréciation des pâturages
tropicaux. Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire
des pays tropicaux 2 (21) : 227-266.
Chanda S., Bhaduri S.K. & Sarder D., 1991. Chemical
characterization of pressed fibrous residues of four
aquatic weeds. Aquat. Bot. 42: 81-85.
Chapin F.S., Mckendrick J.D. & Johnson D.A., 1986.
Seasonal changes in carbon fractions in Alaskan
tundra plants of differing growth forms: implication
for herbivory. J. Ecol. 74: 707-731.
Chauhan T.R., Gill R.S. & Ichhponani J.S., 1980. Nutritive
value of berseem and clusterbean forages.
Indian J. Anim. Sci. 50 (12): 1052-1055.
Cronk J.K. & Fennessy M.S., 2001. Wetlands plants.
Biology and Ecology. Lewis Publisher, Boca Raton,
Florida.
Demarquilly C. & Weiss P., 1970. Tableau de la valeur
alimentaire des fourrages. Et. 42 : Versailles INRA-
SEI.
El-Beheiry M.H. & El-Kady H.F., 1998. Nutritive value
of two Tamarix species in Egypt. J. Arid Environ.
38: 529-539.
El-Darier S. & Sadek L., 1996. Growth analysis and bioaccumulation
of nutrient elements in the ecosystem
of Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms-Laub. Desert
Inst. Bull. 46 (1): 71-89.
El-Fiky, M.M., 1974. Studies on the ecology of water
plants with special reference to Eichhornia crassipes.
M. Sc. Thesis, Cairo Uni., 131 p.
El-Gabaly M.M., Gewaifet I.M. & Rozanov B.G., 1969.
Soils and soil regions of U.A.R., InsT. Land
Reclam. Res. Bull. 21.
El-Kady H., 2002. Seasonal variation in phytomass and
nutrient status of Phragmites australis along the
water courses in the Middle Delta region. Taekholmia
20 (2): 123-138.
El-Komi T. M., 2002. Evaluation of the range plants
along the water courses in the Nile Delta region. Ph.
D. Thesis, Fac. Sci., Tanta Univ., Tanta, 163 p.
El-Sheikh M.A., 1989. A study of the vegetation environmental
relatioships of the canal banks of the
middle Delta region. M. Sc. Thesis, Fac. Sci., Tanta
Univ., Tanta, 139 p.
Gabra M.A., El-Kholy N.M., Sherif S.Y. & Soliman
I.M., 1987. Chemical composition and feeding
value of fooder beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Proc. 1 st
Conf. Develop. Res. Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
Cairo. 1: 92-100.
ecologia mediterranea – Vol. 36 (1) – 2010