Revue internationale d'écologie méditerranéenne International ...

ÖmEr FArUK KAyA, OSmAn KETEnOğlU
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analysis of another quality of the study area
soils is that these soils have rich organic substance.
Organic substance includes nutrients
(especially nitrogen) needed by the plant and
it also increases aggregation of soil granules
(Table 1).
It is seen that soil parameters are in optimal
ratios for the plant growth. erefore, this
shows that the reason for the weak vegetation
in Karacadağ is the other factors (overgrazing,
land clearing, temperature, etc.) apart from
soil.
Bioclimatic Analysis
e climatic data are based on that of the Şanlıurfa,
Diyarbakır, Siverek, Hilvan and Karacadağ
stations (Anonymous 2005). e study
area is under the influences of semi arid, coolcold
and variants of Mediterranean climate
(Akman & Daget 1971). First type of the East
Mediterranean regime precipitation
(W.Sp.A.Sm.) is seen in the study area. Arid
period in all of the five stations lasts generally
from the middle of April to October. July is
the most arid and hottest month in all of the
stations (Table 2).
Table 1 – Analysis of the soils taken from the study area.
Vegetation of the Study Area
is study was conducted in Karacadağ which
is the most important nature and plant area of
Southeastern Anatolia region. Two alliances
and five associations which belong to the
steppe vegetation of Karacadağ which is a dormant
volcano were identified (Figure 3).
Astragalo erythrotaeni-Gundelion armatae
Kaya & Ketenoğlu all. nov.
Holotype: Astragalo erythrotaeni-
Gundelietum armatae ass.nov.
e alliance includes the associations which
belong to the steppe vegetation with on altitude
of 1000-1500 m in which brown forest
soils are dominant. ere is not any tree or
shrub layer in the floristic composition of the
alliance and the associations that form the
alliance compose only of grass layer. It is seen
in the locations with the slopes of 4 and 35
degrees inclination. e alliance is represented
in the study area with two associations. Many
of the characteristic species composes of
endemic and rare species which are specific to
the region.
Associations Saturation Salt pH CaCO3 P2O5 K2O Organic
matter
Texture
(%) (%) (%) (kg/da) (kg/da) (%)
Scrophulario armenae-Astragaletum akardaghici 60 0.073 5.9 1.5 24.5 108 3.6 Cl
Astragalo erythrotaeni-Gundelietum armatae 65 0.080 6.5 1.5 10.9 51.8 5.4 l
Symphyto aintabici-Phlometum kurdicae 60 0.073 5.9 1.5 24.5 107.7 3.6 Cl
Taneceto orientali-Astragaletum gummiferi 62 0.073 6.0 1.4 24.5 108 3.7 Cl
60 0.080 6.9 1.5 15.5 60.4 2.7 l
Thymo glabrescenti-Phlometum armeniaca 62 0.065 6.4 1.5 41.9 66.9 3.3 Cl
Texture Legend: CL: Clay-Loamy, L: Loamy.
Table 2 – Climatic data of the meteorological stations.
Stations Altitude P PE S M m Q Prencip. Bioclimate
(m) (mm) ( o C) ( o C) regime
Şanlıurfa 547 458.1 5.4 0.13 39 2.7 42.9 W.Sp.A.Sm. Semiarid cool medit.
Diyarbakır 677 479.4 8.5 0.22 38.6 – 2.1 40.4 W.Sp.A.Sm. Semiarid cold medit.
Siverek 801 577.9 15 0.39 37.6 0.9 53.8 W.Sp.A.Sm. Semiarid cool medit.
Hilvan 585 440.2 3 0.07 38.6 0.1 39 W.Sp.A.Sm. Semiarid cool medit.
Karacadağ 1040 569 22.5 0.61 36.3 – 5.2 47.4 W.Sp.A.Sm. Semiarid very cold medit.
P: mean annual precipitation in mm; M: mean maximum temperature ( o C) for the hottest month; m: mean minimum temperature ( o C) for the coldest month;
Q: Emberger’s pluviothermic quotient: 2000 P/M 2 -m 2 ; PE: summer rainfall; S:PE/M: Emberger’s index of xericity; Sp: spring; W: winter; A: autumn;
Sm: summer, medit.: Mediterranean.
ecologia mediterranea – Vol. 36 (1) – 2010