Revue internationale d'écologie méditerranéenne International ...

182
◆ A. ABBAD, A. EL-HADRAMI & A. BENCHAABANE
the middle August for the individuals of Sidi Bouzid
and Marrakech populations and at the end of August for
those of the Idelssen population. For the latter, we have
observed a shorter flowering period and a more precocious
fruiting.
REPRODUCTIVE PARAMETERS
Highly significant difference were observed (P <
0.001) for the five reproductive parameters (MF, FF,
MF/FF, LI and NR (table 2). This variability is mainly
due to the population (origin of the material plant), the
mode of treatment (irrigated or not) and to the interactive
effect of the population by treatment, population by
individual and Treatment by individual. Except for the
floral sex ratio (MF/FF), the individual factor generate
a significant variation for other reproductive parameters,
whereas, the year factor did not generate any significant
variability (table 2).
Male Flowers
Table 3. Mean values and standard error of the numbers of male (MF) and female (FF) flowers, floral sex ratio (MF/FF),
length of inflorescence (LI) and number of secondary ramification per inflorescence (NR) of three surveyed populations.
For the irrigated individuals, those of the Sidi Bouzid
population has presented, the most elevated number of
Treatment
Parameters measured Population Irrigated treatment Non irrigated treatment
MF
FF
MF/FF
LI
NR
Sidi Bouzid (Safi ) 1766.25 ± 588.65a 641.25 ± 381.82c
Marrakech 1479.45 ± 887.28b 419.87 ± 311.63d
Idelssen (Ouarzazate) 970.77 ± 467.74d 682.6 ± 391.79d
Sidi Bouzid (Safi ) 1188.87 ± 535.44a 190.32 ± 133.57d
Marrakech 820.03 ± 444.94b 245.7 ± 159.96d
Idelssen (Ouarzazate) 788.52 ±381.22b 497.72 ± 269.1c
Sidi Bouzid (Safi ) 1.57 ± 0.33b 3.769 ± 1.29a
Marrakech 1.769 ± 0.21b 1.68 ± 0.249b
Idelssen (Ouarzazate) 1.24 ± 0.259c 1.41 ± 0.39bc
Sidi Bouzid (Safi ) 39.32 ±10.34a 18.11 ± 8.17c
Marrakech 27.74 ± 7.136b 16.74 ± 6.02c
Idelssen (Ouarzazate) 27.4 ± 7.17b 12.7 ± 4.68d
Sidi Bouzid (Safi ) 13.35 ± 4.62a 8.1 ± 4.2c
Marrakech 12.74 ± 5.638a 5.525 ± 3.707d
Idelssen (Ouarzazate) 10.6 ± 4.76b 6.86 ± 3.899cd
male flowers (table 3). The individuals of the Idelssen
population (Ouarzazate) has presented the weakest
values, whereas those of Marrakech population have
shown intermediate values. For the Sidi Bouzid and
Marrakech populations in non-irrigated conditions, significant
reduction (P < 0.05) of number of male flowers
were observed (table 3).
Female Flowers
In irrigated treatment, Sidi Bouzid poputalion has presented
the significantly high number of female flowers.
In non-irrigated treatment, a significantly reduction of
number of female flowers was observed for the three
populations. Sidi Bouzid and Marrakech populations
showed the highest decrease in this number with about
84% and 70% respectively, while Idelssen populations
showed 37% of reduction. This has affected the floral
sex ratio (MF/FF), which reached 3.769, 1.41 and 1.68,
for Sidi Bouzid, Idelssen and Marrakech populations,
respectively (table 3).
Inflorescence length
In irrigated treatment, the Sidi Bouzid population
produced much longer inflorescences than the other
ecologia mediterranea, tome 29, fascicule 2, 2003