UNIVERSITÉ PAUL CÉZANNE, AIX MARSEILLE III - IMEP

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Résultats et discussion. Chapitre 3: Evaluation des facteurs de croissance Figure 2. Graphical study of the effects of the factors A-F on total phenol removal, (a) Graphical study of the total effects, (b) Differences of the weights of the different levels. 4. Discussion The present study was aimed at the screening 6 factors of L. edodes growth on OTL and OC supplemented with OMW. A pure culture of L. edodes, which was previously selected for its capability to remove phenolic compounds from OMW (Lakhtar et al., 2009), was employed to both convert the substrate into mycelial biomass and remediate the phytotoxic effects of OMW through the growth of L. edodes mycelium. Mycelial biomass revealed that the substrate formulation exercised a considerable influence on the mycelium production and therefore on morphologic aspect of mycelium. The fact that the treatment 1, 2 and 4 (9.91, 16.24 and 5.98 mg.g-1 respectively) supported different yield biomass indicates that mycelium growth is related to the composition and structure of the substrate. The use of OTL supplemented with 50% OMW was limited for the bioavailability of carbohydrate which was reported as an important factor at the beginning of 103
Résultats et discussion. Chapitre 3: Evaluation des facteurs de croissance cultivation. Moyson and Verachtert (1991) have demonstrated that the growth of L.edodes is initially associated to hemicellulose content of substrate, since hemicellulose and other water- soluble sugars are mainly utilized during the active growth phase, prior to the breakdown of lignin and cellulose. On the other hand, the use of OC supplemented with OMW caused in the oxygen (O2) depletion could be the cause which reduces mycelial biomass development in substrates (Ohga, 1990). Small air spaces present in OC supplemented may slow gas exchange from deep within the interior of the substrate to the surface (Royse and Sanchez- Vazquez 2001). In many cases, different factorial designs were used in the literature for assessing the effect of environmental factor on biological responses (Ranz and Lankmayr 2006; Swalley et al., 2006; Purama and Goyal 2008). The factorial design and statistical analysis were performed with NemrodW software (Mathieu and Phan-Tan-Luu, 2000). The combination of moisture content, which was maintained at 50% (v/v) with the incubation of substrate in oven for two days without forced aeration, allowed preventing any contamination of L. edodes culture with filamentous fungi which are known as major antagonistic agent in mushroom culturing (Savoie and Mata, 1999; Terashima et al., 2002; Kalmis and Sargin 2004). The supply of culture with humidified air allowed gradual increase of the substrate moisture contentand keeping the substrate with suitable moisture content. The influence of the composition of the substrate on mushroom production characters has been emphasized in recent studies (Philippoussis et al., 2001; Sunchez and Royse 2001; Philippoussis et al., 2003). In the framework of the present study, the nutriment added to the substrate and the spawn size were the main parameter that affected the growth of L. edodes. This can be attributed to the nitrogen content, imported with addition of the mineral solution, which exercised a negative effect on mycelial growth. Indeed, Nitrogen has been recognized as a growth limiting factor for the L. edodes cultivation (Boyle 1998; Kalberer 2000), while recently a positive correlation of mycelial growth to low C/N ratio values of substrates used for the cultivation has been demonstrated as well (Philippoussis et al., 2003; 2007). However, in L. edodes cultivation on synthetic composite media (OTL + OC + OMW), supplementary nutritive solution should not be used. Otherwise, when the nutritive solution was added, we observed that the risk of contamination of the growth media was increased considerably. Similar findings were reported by Schunemann (1988). The data obtained on polyphenol removal from the substrate by the culture of L. edodes, showed that there was a negative effect of mineral solution added to initial 104
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UNIVERSITÉ PAUL CÉZANNE, AIX MARS
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Je remercie le Dr. Antonis PHILIPPO
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Résumé L’objectif du travail a
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2.2.4.2. Culture de champignons sup
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3.7.1. La mesure de l’humidité .
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Liste des Tables Tableau 1. Bilan m
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1. INTRODUCTION Introduction Au Mar
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Introduction L'utilisation de la fe
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Matériel et Méthodes Figure 2. Ev
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Matériel et Méthodes et de l’hu
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Matériel et Méthodes composition
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Matériel et Méthodes Il ressort d
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Matériel et Méthodes catéchol-m
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Matériel et Méthodes Pour une év
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Matériel et Méthodes nombreuses o
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Matériel et Méthodes agricoles (P
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Matériel et Méthodes b) Traitemen
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Matériel et Méthodes pour former
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Matériel et Méthodes (protéines,
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2.4.2.5. Contrôle de la températu
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2.4.4. Les avantages et les inconv
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Matériel et Méthodes 32
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Figure 9. Unité de trituration sem
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3.3. Les milieux de culture 3.3.1.
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Matériel et Méthodes Mesure du po
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3.5.4. La régulation des paramètr
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Matériel et Méthodes 0 et 10%. Ce
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Matériel et Méthodes méthanol gr
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Matériel et Méthodes gallique (1
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Matériel et Méthodes Tableau 11 .
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Résultats et discussion La partie
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Page 95 and 96: Ergosterol (mg) Résultats et discu
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Page 99 and 100: D.O (mAU) Résultats et discussion.
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Page 141 and 142: ABSTRACT Résultats et discussion.
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Page 165 and 166: Conclusions et perspectives La mise
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Références bibliographiques Réf
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Références bibliographiques Bing
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Références bibliographiques D'Ann
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Références bibliographiques mill
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Références bibliographiques Jo J.
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Références bibliographiques Match
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Références bibliographiques Pietr
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Références bibliographiques Sebab
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Références bibliographiques Zerva
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UNIVERSITÉ PAUL CÉZANNE, AIX MARSEILLE III - IMEP

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