Bulletin de liaison et d'information - Institut kurde de Paris

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REVUE DE PRESSE-PRESS REVIEW-BERHEVOKA ÇAPÊ-RlVISTA STAMPA-DENTRO DE LA PRENSA-BASIN ÖZET; 4 Turkish Probe August 31, 1993 Kurdish Violence Shifts to the Northeast The outlawed Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) has been shifting its nine-year old armed campaign in the southeast of Turkey further north since late this spring. To be more precise, the Bingöl attack on May 24 in which more than 30 unarmed soldiers and 5 civilians were killed can be regarded as a milestone in that campaign. The attack had brought an end to the unilateral ceasefire which had been announced by the PKK leadership in March 1993. The leadership in Syria had denied any knowledge of the attack when they first heard, but later had to claim responsibility for it. The attack had been carried out by the "Amed" region commander of the PKK, $emdin Saklk, who is known for his autonomous intentions regarding the Central Committee of the organization. Amed region, which covers parts of the provinces of Diyarbakir, Mu~ and Bingöl, was later supported by "Dersim," Tunceli, parts of Erzincan, Erzurum and "Serhat: parts of Erzurum, Kars, I~dlr, AOn, Van regions. The combined activity started to spread in an area so as to draw an arch beginning from Turkey's border with Iran and Armenia at DoOubeyazit, largely surrounding the Lake Van from its north then bending south to Diyarbakir. One characteristic of the region is that it has almost no physical contact with PKK bases in northern Iraq. The groups here are believed to have logistical contact with their bases in Iran and Armenia. Another characteristic of this region is its rather mixed demographic structure with respect to the more homogeneous Kurdish southeast. A third characteristic of the region is its mixed religious structure. Kurds, Arabs and Turks living in the southeast are mostly Sunni Moslems. But in the arch there are Shiite Azeris, Shiite Turks, Sunni Turks, Alawite Turks, Alawite Kurds and Sunni Kurds. Moreover, Erzurum is one of the provinces in Turkey where Turkish nationalism is strongest. When all those factors come together, the PKK factor in the region may turn into ethnic and perhaps religious conflicts among ordinary people. That also depends on the attitude of the Turkish security forces while dealing with the PKK attacks. Political analysts say that if the Turkish security repeats its "mistake" in the southeast, such conflicts may become real. According to the analysts aswell as some government officials, the way to handle the problem safely is to differentiate between the PKK and the ordinary Kurdish citizens. Some political analysts also draw attention to another dimension of the new PKK campaign. The mentioned rp.gionof the armed campaign is on the possible routes for the Azerbaijan-Turkey crude oil pipeline project. The PKK's Bingöl attack, in fact coincided with a technical study by the international group of companies involved in the project which was to include field inspections. When combined with a worker abduction incident in $Irnak the next day -- which later turned out to be a fake one -- the western partners of the project had asked for a postponement. A second attempt was postponed in . June when the PKK launched a rocket attack on oil .storage facilities in the eastern province of Batman. The coincidences lead some analysts to speculate whether the recent PKK decision to shift its nine-year old campaign •• in which more than 7,000 people have been killed -- further north is related to regional oil politics. They add that the PKK might be acting in line with the interests of some countries -- or companies -- who are against or excluded from the pipeline project. One speculation for that is Armenia. Does the PKK Have Links With Armenia?: One high ranking Turkish intelligence officer says it would be too "naive" to assume that the Armenians, as traditional and bitter enemies of the Turks, "would waste an opportunity to help other enemies of the Turks." Another official says there is little doubt that there was assistance of some sort, but they say they are not able to produce solid evidence for that. Turkish intelligence sources also say that they are just starting to focus on the Armenia-PKK link. There are actually unconfirmed reports about PKK camps in Armenia and military training provided to PKK militants by the Armenians. Intelligence sources say the reports claim there are at least six camps in Armenia: three between the OkçuoQluand Güllübudak villages in Leninakan province of Armenia, by the Turkish border; one three kilometers away from the town of Mazdaian; one two kilometers from the town of Misis; and one near the town of Colga. Sources also believe that the PKK militants are using Zengezor and Markara regions to cross into Iran and Turkey. The reports claim that the militants fight on behalf of Armenian forces in Nagorno-Karabakh against Azerbaijan, both in return for camps and to gain combat experience against Turkish forces. Lachin region in Azerbaijan which is under Armenian occupation since last year is another place claimed to be used by the PKK under Armenian supervision. Armenia had an unsuccessful attempt last year to make Kurds establish a satellite Kurdish state in Lachin. Turkish press goes as far as to say that Armenians give helicopter training to PKK militants. Armenian officials categorically deny any kind of relation with the PKK. But the Armenian Writers Union does have a relationship with the secessionist Kurdish organization. The Union has awarded PKK leader Abdullah Öcalan -- who lives in the Syrian capital Damascus, and in Ber Elias in Lebanon from time to time -- an honorary membership earlier this year. • 103
REVUE DE PRESSE-PRESS REVIEW-BERHEVOKA ÇAPÊ~RwISTASTAMPA-DENTRO DE LA PRENSA-BASIN ÖZETÎ FRA0138 4 I D241 TUR /AFP-ME71 Tut~q u ie-Km'd e s Des t~esponsables 'km~des lancent un appel, au cessez-le-feu ANKARA, 1er sept (AFP) - Deux responsables kurdes ont lancé un appel au gouvernement turc en vue de la conclusion d'un cessez-le-feu entre rebelles kurdes de Turquie et forces de sécurité turques, dans un communiqué diffusé mercredi par l'agence de presse kurde KURD-Ha, reçue à Ankara. MM. Abdullah Ocalan, chef du PKK (parti des Travailleurs du Kurdi~tan - séparatiste), et Kemal Burkay, chef du PSK (parti socialist~ du Kurdistan - modét~é) demandent au gOI.lvet~nement tl.tt'Cd' "àbandonnet' son attitllde erronée, d'accepter la réalité nationale kurd~ et de reconnaitre tous les droits légitimes du peuple kut~de", selon le communiqué. "Une déclat~at ion de cessez-le-fel.1 mutuel et le début d' un pt~ocessus de dialogue pol it ique sont pt~iot'itait~es (••• ), les peuples tl.tt~cet kl.trde le veulent texte. et le gouvet~nement (tUt'c) doit t~espectet~ cette demande", pOI.tt'sl.lit le Selon KURD-Ha, le communiqué a été publié à la suite d'une rencontre lundi entre les deux responsables kurdes. L'agence de presse, qui est proche du PKK, ne précise pas où la rencontre a eu lieu mais indique que le communiqué est ~até de Beyrouth. Le PSK, fondé en 1974, et le ~KK, fondé en 1978, sont interdits en Turquie. Cette dernière organisation est considérée comme la branche politique de la rebellion que les Kut~des de Turquie mènent contre le gouvernement d'Ankara depuis 1984. CE--mo/mf FRA0450 4[5'0182 RFA /AFP-WQ04 Turquie-Kurdes-JO Le PKK appelle le CIO à ne pas choisir Istanbul pour les JO de l'an 2000 BONN, 2 sept (AFP) l'organisation séparatiste kurde PKK a appelé les respon~ables du sport olympique à ne pas c~oisir Istanbul pour les Jeux Olympiques de l'an 2000, dans une déclaratIon diffusée j~udi par l'agence Kurd-Ha reçue "Istanbul à Benn. ' fait pat~tie d'une zone de guet~t~e et nous avons , , . 1 IntentIon d'intensifier nos actions dans la ville", a déclaré un porte-parole d~ PKK 'cité pat~ KUt'd-Ha. Selon lui, "accot~det~ les Jel.lxolympiql.te,s~ la Tl.lt~q':lle, un 'Etat dont les escadt'ons de la mot't massact~ent nott'e po~ulatlon, set'alt une" récompense à un Etat terroriste et serait.une approbatIon de ~~ sa~e gue~~e , le PKK (Parti des Travailleurs du Kurdlstan) réclame en ~~~te 1 exclu~lon de la Turquie de toutes les compétitions internationales, affIrmant que "1"Etat t1_tt'cutilise des at~mes chimiques". _ .. Istanbul est en cumpétition pour accueillir les JO de l'an ~Ouu avec. Berlin, SydMeY, Pékin, Manchester.et Brasilia. la décision définitive dOIt être prise le 23 septembre à Monaco. cpb/hc/ms AFP 021934 SEP 93 104 KURDE MAIS BONNE 'lè•.touristes retenus en otages par, les combattants kurdes en Turquie pour- 'ront' savourer cette pub parue dans Il Le Figaro Il (31/8) pour un Il pays syoonyme de bonté et de tranquillité. un pays où tout est plaisir Il. ~omme l'aHlrme sur la photo le couple de mannequins: "Nous rentrons de Turquie. J'y serais bien resté un mois de plus:' Rien de plus facile: Il paraît que certains autonomistes kurdes oHrent le gîte et le couvert gratis.
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