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Les figures spatio-temporelles dans le roman africain subsaharien ...

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s’affolèrent » 417. L’attitude conciliante de son prédécesseur est jugée<br />

comme une compromission. Sans aucune alternative et d’une<br />

rugosité sans borne, « il voyait <strong>dans</strong> <strong>le</strong> monde un champ de batail<strong>le</strong> où<br />

<strong>le</strong>s enfants de la lumière étaient engagés <strong>dans</strong> un conflit mortel avec<br />

<strong>le</strong>s fils de l’ombre. » 418<br />

L’opposition entre lumière et ombre révè<strong>le</strong> la prétention du<br />

missionnaire à reléguer tout ce qu’il ne comprend pas et qui n’est pas<br />

du domaine de sa civilisation et de sa religion au rang d’idolâtrie.<br />

Entre <strong>le</strong> Bien et <strong>le</strong> Mal, il ne trouve aucune alternative ni de situation<br />

atténuante. Dans ses sermons, explique <strong>le</strong> narrateur, il est toujours<br />

question « des agneaux et des boucs et du bon grain et de l’ivraie. Il<br />

mettait sa confiance <strong>dans</strong> <strong>le</strong> massacre des prophètes de Baal. » 419<br />

L’axe paradigmatique induit l’Occident et sa religion comme <strong>le</strong><br />

Bien et <strong>le</strong>s indigènes ainsi que <strong>le</strong>ur culture comme <strong>le</strong> Mal. L’évangi<strong>le</strong><br />

est <strong>le</strong> moyen par <strong>le</strong>quel il pense apporter aux hommes <strong>le</strong> Bien ou la<br />

« Vérité ». Ignorant des croyances loca<strong>le</strong>s :<br />

« Within a few weeks of his arrival in Umuofia Mr. Smith<br />

suspended a young woman from the church for pouring new<br />

wine into old bott<strong>le</strong>s. This woman had allowed her heathen<br />

husband to mutilate her dead child. The child had been<br />

declared an ogbanje, plaguing its mother by dying and entering<br />

her womb to born again. Four times this child had run its evil<br />

round. And so it was mutilated to discourage it from returning.<br />

Mr. Smith was fil<strong>le</strong>d with wrath when he heard of this. He<br />

disbelieved the story which even some of the most faithful<br />

confirmed, the story of really evil children who were not<br />

deterred by mutilation, but came back with all the scars. He<br />

replied that such stories were spread in the world by the Devil<br />

417 Ibidem. « Mr. Smith danced a furious step and so the drums went mad. »<br />

418 C. Achebe, Things Fall Apart, op. cit., p. 158. « He saw the world as a<br />

batt<strong>le</strong>field in which the children of light were locked in mortal conflict with<br />

the sons of darkness. »<br />

419 Ibidem, p. 158. « He spoke in his sermons about sheep and goats and<br />

about wheat and tares. He believed in slaying the prophets of Baal. »<br />

207

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