enseignement professionnel et formation modulaires ... - emcet 2

szakiskola, and secondary vocational school, szakközépiskola) at upper-secondary
and the latter also at post-secondary level, and by higher education institutions
(college, főiskola, and university, egyetem). One may, however, obtain her/his fi rst
state-recognized OKJ vocational qualifi cation also outside the school system,
within the framework of adult training.
Higher education institutions off er both degree and non-degree
programmes. In the current dual system of higher education degree
programmes provides participants a college or university level degree and
a qualifi cation in their chosen fi eld of study (presently there are 214 college
level and 199 university level programmes). College and university level
education do not build directly on each other (completing the former is not
a precondition of pursuing the latter, although college graduates may obtain
a university-level degree by participating in „supplementary” undergraduate
training, kiegészítő alapképzés) and in most cases the same programme can be
pursued at both levels. The current system of higher education, however, is to
be changed in 2006 when – as the major outcome of the Bologna process –
the fi rst cycle of tertiary level education (102 bachelor programmes and also 6
so-called „undivided”, osztatlan, master programmes without a bachelor level)
will be introduced pursuant to the 381/2004 (XII.28.) government decree on the
regulations of introducing the multi-cycle structure of education.
The non-degree programmes of higher education institutions include the
so-called higher level vocational education and training (felsőfokú szakképzés),
a relatively new form of VET off ering ISCED 5B level vocational qualifi cations
listed in the OKJ. Since 2003 higher level VET programmes can be organized
only by higher educational institutions, although they may be provided also
by secondary vocational schools based on an agreement of the institutions.
The operation of higher education institutions, including the state
regulations concerning teaching/training in colleges and universities, is
currently governed by the Act LXXX of 1993 on Higher Education, although
a new higher education act has recently been accepted by the Parliament and
awaits proclamation. Higher level VET off ered by higher education institutions
is subject also to the provisions of the Act on Vocational education and training
and the related decrees.
Vocational training schools as part of the public education (közoktatás)
system off er general education and vocational training awarding an OKJ
vocational qualifi cation. The major diff erence between the two types of schools
is in the structure of their training programmes and the level of qualifi cations
obtainable.
Secondary vocational schools off er 4 years of (primarily) general (ISCED 3A
level), and another 1 or more years of vocational education and training to
student aged 14-19, who may obtain ISCED 4C level qualifi cations after taking
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