Revue celtique - National Library of Scotland

ii6 Eîymological Scraps.
with Mr. Stokes' Iverio or Everio, one of which he considers to havej
been the oldest form of the name of Eriu or, as it is now more com-
monly and less correctly called, Erin: this he bases on Ptolemy';
'Iou£pvtç, 'loutpvia, 'lo'Jîfvto'., the « Evernlli patriâ » of the c Vitr
Columbae » and the Hiherione and Hyberionacum of the Eook of Armagh
see Stokes' « Old Irish Glossaries, ;> p. Ixiii.
7. The Welsh verb substantive has tenses with the base bydd-,
which we may take as examples bydd-af, 'I shall be or am wont to be'
bydd-wn, 'I used to be', and bydd-ed, 'kl (him etc.) be', where bydd-mx
be supposed to stand for *bij- from an eariier "buj- of the same origin a:
the j^olic fj'.-iù, the Umbrian future fui-esî and perhaps, the latin //-
for/ui-oon which see Corssen's Aussprache^ l, 143, and Kuhn's Zeit
xxi, 125-6. The dh of such modem Inshiorms as bidhim,bidhir, etc., doe
not militate against the view hère advanced as the reader will fmd,
turning to the Gram. Celtica, pp. 491-499, that it is not represented i
Old Irish; and, as thèse words are pronounced 'biyiin', 'biyir' etc., w
should probably not be far wrong werewe to suppose such an Old Iris,
forn>as biit to hâve been pronounced 'biyif; the sounds of dh and q
having then not been reduced, in the course of phonetic decay, to the
présent value of English y, for the représentation of which the diagrapl
compete in Mod. Irish.
8. Cledd, 'the left (hand'), whence also go-gledd, 'the north', is idei
tical with 0. Irish de, which Zeuss can hardly be correct in regardir
as having lost a final v (Gr. Celt.^ 57) : rather should it be referred '
the /a declension; but compare gothic hleidama, 'left, the left (hand').
9. Rliydd, 'free', Ihave no hésitation in regarding as standing for "mW^
'rij : ifto this we restore an original /? initial, which it has probabily los,
we arrive at a form prij, which harmonizes to a nicety with frij-an
frij-ai and other forms of the Gothic adjective, which in the nominati'
is contracted into freis, Ger. frei, Eng. free.
10. Trydydd, 'tertius', trydedd, 'tertia', seem to stand respective
for "triîijas (Jtritidja, tritid) and 'triîijâ {"tritidjà, Uriiida, trited), wi
which compare skr. trtija-, goth. iliridja, 'third'.
11. S\m\hr\y pedwerydd, ^ (\\iarlus\ pedwaredd, 'quarta', claim comp
rison with skr. îûrja-, îurija-, 'fourth', representing as it is supposed
more regular form caturija-. Thèse coïncidences with Sanskrit will n
surprise, when it is remembered that the strange appearance of t
Sanskrit féminine ordinals tisras and catasras is nowhere more faithfu
reproduced than in the Welsh tair and pedair. Hère Mr. Stokes calls 1
attention to Léo Meyer's explanation of Gothic forms such as tvadi