Proceedings of the Second Mediterranean Symposium on Marine

More documents

Recommendations

Info

invaders, overfishing and climate change can be involved in <strong>the</strong> setting up <strong>of</strong> a new ecosystem (Harris and Tyrrell, 2001). Fig. 8. A simplified model <strong>of</strong> functioning <strong>of</strong> many Medit-erranean ecosystems (e.g. <strong>the</strong> Posidonia oceanica meadow). Macro-herbivores (e.g. <strong>the</strong> sea-urchin Paracentrotus lividus and <strong>the</strong> fish Sarpa salpa) are generally scarce. Most <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> carbon flux runs through detritus. Fig. 9. In <strong>the</strong> eastern basin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Mediterreanean, <strong>the</strong> arrival <strong>of</strong> Red Sea (Lessepsian) herbivorous fish, Siganus luridus and S. rivulatus probably deflects <strong>the</strong> carbon flux towards herbivores. In <strong>the</strong> absence <strong>of</strong> definite research, this remains a hypo<strong>the</strong>sis. Fig. 10. In contrast, in <strong>the</strong> northwestern <strong>Mediterranean</strong>, <strong>the</strong> introduction <strong>of</strong> Caulerpa taxifolia, a species with powerful defence metabolites against herbivores, can magnify <strong>the</strong> carbon flux running through <strong>the</strong> detritus foodweb. ACTES DU DEUXIEME SYMPOSIUM MEDITERRANEEN SUR LA VEGETATION MARINE (ATHENES, 12-13 DECEMBRE 2003) 45
PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND MEDITERRANEAN SYMPOSIUM ON MARINE VEGETATION (ATHENS, 12-13 DECEMBER 2003) 46 GLOBAL WARMING Since <strong>the</strong> 1960s or 1970s, both deep and surface <strong>Mediterranean</strong> waters have been steadily warming up (Béthoux et al., 1990, 1998; Salat and Pascual, 2002). This warming results from <strong>the</strong> 1 500-year cycle, <strong>the</strong> AMO (Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation), <strong>the</strong> NAO (North Atlantic Oscillation) and possibly from <strong>the</strong> greenhouse effect (Bradley, 2000; Kerr, 2000; deMenocal, 2001; deMenocal et al., 2001; Hurrell et al., 2001; McDermott et al., 2001; Tourre, 2002). Biological indicators, i.e. warm water species, react to this warming by extending <strong>the</strong>ir range area northwards (Bianchi and Morri, 1993, 1994; Francour et al., 1994). These observations prompt <strong>the</strong> question: does this warming threaten <strong>Mediterranean</strong> macrophytes and ecosystems dominated by macrophytes? Fig. 11. Invasion <strong>of</strong> some subtidal and deep <strong>Mediterranean</strong> communities by <strong>the</strong> introduced Caulerpa taxifolia: homogenisation <strong>of</strong> habitats and gamma species diversity decline. Some authors have suggested that <strong>the</strong> present day flow <strong>of</strong> introduced species into <strong>the</strong> Mediter-ra-nean may be a consequence <strong>of</strong> global warming. Although this warming trend may help tro-pical spe-cies to colonize <strong>the</strong> <strong>Mediterranean</strong>, it is worth emphasizing that (i) most recently intro-duced macro-phytes originate from temperate areas, mainly NE Asia (including Japan), via aquaculture, ra<strong>the</strong>r than from tropical areas (Boudouresque and Verlaque, 2002) and that (ii) Caulerpa taxifolia and C. racemosa var. cylindracea, two <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> most invasive species in <strong>the</strong> <strong>Mediterranean</strong>, though usually referred to as "tropical green algae", actually do not originate from tropical waters but from <strong>the</strong> temperate Sou<strong>the</strong>rn Australia (<strong>the</strong> "<strong>Mediterranean</strong>" Australian province) (Jousson et al., 2000; Meusnier et al., 2001; Verlaque et al., 2003).
Page 1 and 2: United Nations Environment Programm
Page 3 and 4: PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND MEDITERRA
Page 6 and 7: CONTENTS/SOMMAIRE Programme .......
Page 8 and 9: ORFANIDIS S., TSIAGGA E. & STAMATIS
Page 10 and 11: Friday 12 December 2003 09:00 Openi
Page 12: Discussion Discussion - Littoral be
Page 22 and 23: MAPPING MARINE VEGETATION DISTRIBUT
Page 24 and 25: 1984; Boudouresque et al., 1985b; M
Page 26 and 27: Elbu cove, Scandula nature 1/ 1190
Page 28 and 29: features of P. oce
Page 30 and 31: Belsher T., Houlgatte E. (2000) - E
Page 32 and 33: Gloux B. (1984) - Méthodes acousti
Page 34 and 35: Pasqualini, V., Pergent-Martini, C.
Page 36 and 37: Here, we will firstly delineate wha
Page 38 and 39: Fig. 2. The tree of</strong
Page 40 and 41: In the same way, "
Page 42 and 43: While the
Page 44 and 45: COASTAL DEVELOPMENT The destruction
Page 48 and 49: At the end <strong
Page 50 and 51: to be built up, this disappearance
Page 52 and 53: Boudouresque C.F., Ribera M.A. (199
Page 54 and 55: Marchand M. (1981) - Amoco Cadiz. B
Page 56 and 57: FLORISTIC SIMILARITY AND DISCONTINU
Page 58 and 59: 871 accepted taxa (Table 1). Howeve
Page 60 and 61: Fig. 2. Hystogram showing t
Page 62 and 63: 4 (1.6%) and 2 (1.1%) at Spain; 5 (
Page 64 and 65: characteristics of
Page 66 and 67: Fig. 9. Hystogram showing t
Page 68 and 69: Fig. 11. Dendrogram depicting mutua
Page 70 and 71: REFERENCES Agardh C. A. (1822-1823)
Page 72 and 73: De Toni G. B. (1905) - Sylloge Alga
Page 74 and 75: Langenbach G. (1873) - Die Meeresal
Page 76: SESSION «BIOLOGY, ECOLOGY AND INVE
Page 97 and 98:
PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND MEDITERRA
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 120:
SESSION ‘MAPPING MARINE VEGETATIO
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 164 and 165:
CARACTERISATION DE L’ETAT DES HER
Page 166 and 167:
RESULTATS A- PHENOLOGIE Les princip
Page 168 and 169:
Les futures recherches scientifique
Page 170 and 171:
Williamson and Fitter, 1996; Piazzi
Page 172 and 173:
Fig. 2: Spatial patterns of
Page 174 and 175:
vulnerable to invaders. In reality
Page 176 and 177:
BIOMONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL METL
Page 178 and 179:
Table 1: Mercury concentration (in
Page 180 and 181:
fraction of <stron
Page 182 and 183:
EFFETS DE L’INCORPORATION DE L’
Page 184 and 185:
Les aliments ont été distribués
Page 186 and 187:
REFERENCES Association of</
Page 188 and 189:
Jonge et al., 2002). Nutrient conce
Page 190 and 191:
to total dissolved inorganic nitrog
Page 192 and 193:
offs (group B; Fig
Page 194 and 195:
PHYTOBENTHOS AS QUALITY ELEMENT FOR
Page 196 and 197:
Padina pavonica and Halopteris scop
Page 198 and 199:
Gelidiella ramellosa II - - - - 5.7
Page 200 and 201:
CARACTERISATION DES HERBIERS A POSI
Page 202 and 203:
une analyse lépidochronologique (P
Page 204 and 205:
La limite de l’herbier à Posidon
Page 206 and 207:
LITTORAL BENTHIC COMMUNITIES AS IND
Page 208 and 209:
Several environmental factors were
Page 210 and 211:
This category includes stations sit
Page 212 and 213:
RAPID ASSESSMENT OF THE ECOLOGICAL
Page 214 and 215:
For a thorough presentation <strong
Page 216 and 217:
The Ecological Evaluation o
Page 218 and 219:
APPLICATION OF ECOLOGICAL INDICES O
Page 220 and 221:
The average taxonomic distinctness
Page 222 and 223:
On Fig. 4 each of
Page 224 and 225:
OVERVIEW OF THE ACTIVITIES AIMED AT
Page 226 and 227:
at the same time f
Page 228:
POSTERS ACTES DU DEUXIEME SYMPOSIUM
Page 231 and 232:
Page 233 and 234:
Page 235 and 236:
Page 237 and 238:
Page 239 and 240:
Page 241 and 242:
Page 243 and 244:
Page 245 and 246:
Page 248 and 249:
Mr Baris AKÇALI D.E.U. Institute <
Page 250 and 251:
Mr Francesco Saverio CIVILI MED POL
Page 252 and 253:
Mr Jamel KSOURI Laboratoire de Biod
Page 254 and 255:
Mr Frédéric PLATINI Accord RAMOGE
Page 256:
Ms Eleni TRYFON Natural Environment
show all

Proceedings of the Second Mediterranean Symposium on Marine

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?