Proceedings of the Second Mediterranean Symposium on Marine

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RAPID ASSESSMENT OF THE ECOLOGICAL STATUS OF A GREEK COASTAL AREA BASED ON PHYTOBENTHOS: PRELIMINARY RESULTS. Maria SALOMIDI, Maria Antonietta - PANCUCCI-PAPADOPOULOU, Georges-Angelos , HATIRIS and Panayotis PANAYOTIDIS National Centre for Marine Research, P.O. Box 712, 19013 Anavyssos, Attica. e-mail : msal@ncmr.gr ABSTRACT The need to develop rapid bio-assessment techniques for assessing <strong>the</strong> ecological quality <strong>of</strong> coastal waters is emphasized by both scientists and policy makers. In this study non-destructive sampling was performed on macrophytobenthic populations <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> upper infralittoral zone at five sites in Rhodes Island (Aegean Sea, Greece), from <strong>the</strong> busy port <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> town <strong>of</strong> Rhodes to a recreational beach in Ladikon bay. All sites present various forms and degrees <strong>of</strong> anthropogenic disturbance. Photographic sampling was performed and <strong>the</strong> Ecological Evaluation Index was applied on <strong>the</strong> quantified visual data to assess <strong>the</strong> ecological status (in terms <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> WFD) <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> study area. The first results classified <strong>the</strong> five sites in three different Ecological Status Categories, ranging from Low at <strong>the</strong> Port <strong>of</strong> Rhodes to High at <strong>the</strong> distant Ladikon Bay. All intermediate stations were classified as Good. Fur<strong>the</strong>r studies in terms <strong>of</strong> seasonality are necessary in order to confirm <strong>the</strong>se results. KEY WORDS: phytobenthos, ecological evaluation, rapid assessment, visual sampling INTRODUCTION Developing rapid bio-assessment techniques is becoming a major common goal in <strong>the</strong> field <strong>of</strong> marine ecology for several scientific and management purposes (Salomidi, 2003). Fur<strong>the</strong>rmore, <strong>the</strong> European Water Policy, as expressed in <strong>the</strong> Water Framework Directive (EEC, 2000), is prompting for an immediate quality classification <strong>of</strong> all European coastal waters. In this concept, we present here <strong>the</strong> appliance <strong>of</strong> a newly introduced Ecological Evaluation Index on marine macrophytobenthic photographic samples. Although <strong>the</strong> EEI is already known to apply well on tangible data (Orfanidis et al., 2001), this is one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> first attempts to test whe<strong>the</strong>r its combination with a visual sampling method could provide us with a rapid assessment tool. MATERIALS AND METHODS Visual sampling Sampling was performed by free diving on <strong>the</strong> upper infralittoral zone (0-50 cm). This zone is shown to respond well to <strong>the</strong> various anthropogenic impacts as it is directly subjected to pressures related to coastal activities. Moreover, <strong>the</strong> requirement <strong>of</strong> SCUBA ACTES DU DEUXIEME SYMPOSIUM MEDITERRANEEN SUR LA VEGETATION MARINE (ATHENES, 12-13 DECEMBRE 2003) 211
PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND MEDITERRANEAN SYMPOSIUM ON MARINE VEGETATION (ATHENS, 12-13 DECEMBER 2003) 212 diving at deeper depths would decrease <strong>the</strong> method's cost-effectiveness ratio (Pagola- Carte et al., 2002). Photographic sampling was performed on photophilous phytobenthic populations in May 2003 by a NIKONOS V camera with a Morris Aqua F- III TTL Flash System. Ten photoquadrats (40X80cm) were sampled for each site, <strong>the</strong> first one being randomly selected while <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r nine following at equal distances. At lab, a transparent grid divided in 100 equal squares was overlapped on each photosample to calculate percentage coverage values for all conspicuous species. Where identification down to species level was not possible, organisms were aggregated into groups <strong>of</strong> similar morphological and functional charasteristics (see Terlizzi et al., 2002), thus unaffecting <strong>the</strong> Ecological Evaluation Index. Ecological Evaluation Index The Ecological Evaluation Index (EEI) was applied on <strong>the</strong> quantified data. The Index is based on <strong>the</strong> functional diversity <strong>of</strong> macrophytobenthic populations. Species were classified into two Ecological State Groups, namely: • ESG I comprising <strong>the</strong> late successional species, that is species with thick or calcareous thallus, low growth rates and long life cycles (mostly K-selected species). • ESG II comprising <strong>the</strong> opportunistic species, sheet-like and filamentous organisms, with high growth rates and short life cycles (mostly r-selected species) Mean absolute coverage values <strong>of</strong> ESGI and ESGII were <strong>the</strong>n cross compared in an ad hoc modulated matrix (Fig. 1) to result in one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> five WFD Status Categories (High, Good, Moderate, Low or Bad). Figure 1: Matrix based on mean abundances <strong>of</strong> ESGI and ESGII to determine <strong>the</strong> ecological status <strong>of</strong> a coastal area (from Orfanidis et al., 2001)
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United Nations Environment Programm
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PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND MEDITERRA
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CONTENTS/SOMMAIRE Programme .......
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ORFANIDIS S., TSIAGGA E. & STAMATIS
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Friday 12 December 2003 09:00 Openi
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Discussion Discussion - Littoral be
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MAPPING MARINE VEGETATION DISTRIBUT
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1984; Boudouresque et al., 1985b; M
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Elbu cove, Scandula nature 1/ 1190
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features of P. oce
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Belsher T., Houlgatte E. (2000) - E
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Gloux B. (1984) - Méthodes acousti
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Pasqualini, V., Pergent-Martini, C.
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Here, we will firstly delineate wha
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Fig. 2. The tree of</strong
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In the same way, "
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While the
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COASTAL DEVELOPMENT The destruction
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invaders, overfishing and climate c
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At the end <strong
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to be built up, this disappearance
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Boudouresque C.F., Ribera M.A. (199
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Marchand M. (1981) - Amoco Cadiz. B
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FLORISTIC SIMILARITY AND DISCONTINU
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871 accepted taxa (Table 1). Howeve
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Fig. 2. Hystogram showing t
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4 (1.6%) and 2 (1.1%) at Spain; 5 (
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characteristics of
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Fig. 9. Hystogram showing t
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Fig. 11. Dendrogram depicting mutua
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REFERENCES Agardh C. A. (1822-1823)
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De Toni G. B. (1905) - Sylloge Alga
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Langenbach G. (1873) - Die Meeresal
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SESSION «BIOLOGY, ECOLOGY AND INVE
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SESSION ‘MAPPING MARINE VEGETATIO
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Page 161 and 162: PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND MEDITERRA
Page 164 and 165: CARACTERISATION DE L’ETAT DES HER
Page 166 and 167: RESULTATS A- PHENOLOGIE Les princip
Page 168 and 169: Les futures recherches scientifique
Page 170 and 171: Williamson and Fitter, 1996; Piazzi
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Page 174 and 175: vulnerable to invaders. In reality
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Page 178 and 179: Table 1: Mercury concentration (in
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Page 198 and 199: Gelidiella ramellosa II - - - - 5.7
Page 200 and 201: CARACTERISATION DES HERBIERS A POSI
Page 202 and 203: une analyse lépidochronologique (P
Page 204 and 205: La limite de l’herbier à Posidon
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Page 218 and 219: APPLICATION OF ECOLOGICAL INDICES O
Page 220 and 221: The average taxonomic distinctness
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Page 248 and 249: Mr Baris AKÇALI D.E.U. Institute <
Page 250 and 251: Mr Francesco Saverio CIVILI MED POL
Page 252 and 253: Mr Jamel KSOURI Laboratoire de Biod
Page 254 and 255: Mr Frédéric PLATINI Accord RAMOGE
Page 256: Ms Eleni TRYFON Natural Environment
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