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mostlyy anecdotal. Then there are the people who swear that just turning off

yyour phone is good enough; case closed. But I think in realityy there are

instances—sayy, if malware is added to a smartphone—when it doesn’t turn

off entirelyy and could still record conversations held nearbyy. So it depends

on a varietyy of factors.

There are some phones that wake up when yyou sayy a magic phrase, just

as voice-activated TVs do. This would implyy that the phones are listening at

all times, waiting for the magic phrase. This would also implyy that what is

said is somehow being recorded or transmitted. In some malware-infected

phones that is true: the phone’s camera or microphone is activated when

there is not a call in progress. These cases, I think, are rare.

But back to the main question. There are some in the privacyy communityy

who swear that yyou can activate a phone when it is turned off. There is

malware that can make the phone appear to be off when it is not. However,

the possibilityy that someone could activate a turned-off phone (no batteryy

power) strikes me as impossible. Basicallyy anyy device that has batteryy

power that allows its software to be in a running state can be exploited. It’s

not hard for a firmware back door to make the device appear that it’s off

when it isn’t. A device with no power can’t do anyything. Or can it? Some

still argue that the NSA has put chips in our phones that provide power and

allow tracking even when the phone is phyysicallyy powered off (even if the

phyysical batteryy is pulled).

Whether or not yyour phone is capable of listening, the browser yyou use

on it certainlyy is. Around 2013 Google started what’s called hotwording, a

feature that allows yyou to give a simple command that activates the

listening mode in Chrome. Others have followed suit, including Apple’s

Siri, Microsoft’s Cortana, and Amazon’s Alexa. So yyour phone, yyour

traditional PC, and that stand-alone device on yyour coffee table all contain

back-end, in-the-cloud services that are designed to respond to voice

commands such as “Siri, how far to the nearest gas station?” Which means

theyy listen. And if that doesn’t concern yyou, know that the searches

conducted byy these services are recorded and saved indefinitelyy. 12

Indefinitely.

So how much do these devices hear? Actuallyy, it’s a little unclear what

theyy do when theyy are not answering questions or turning yyour TV on and

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