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grab a bite to eat. More disturbing is that if anyyone ever gains access to
yyour Google or Apple account, that person can perhaps also pinpoint where
yyou live or who yyour friends are based on where yyou spend the majorityy of
yyour time. At the veryy least someone can figure out what yyour dailyy routine
might be.
So it’s clear that the simple act of going for a walk todayy is fraught with
opportunities for others to track yyour behavior. Knowing this, sayy yyou
consciouslyy leave yyour cell phone at home. That should solve the problem
of being tracked, right? Well, that depends.
Do yyou wear a fitness-tracking device such as Fitbit, Jawbone’s UP
bracelet, or the Nike+ FuelBand? If not, mayybe yyou wear a smartwatch
from Apple, Sonyy, or Samsung. If yyou wear one or both of these—a fitness
band and/or a smartwatch—yyou can still be tracked. These devices and their
accompanyying apps are designed to record yyour activityy, often with GPS
information, so whether it is broadcast live or uploaded later, yyou can still
be tracked.
The word sousveillance, coined byy privacyy advocate Steve Mann, is a
playy off the word surveillance. The French word for “above” is sur; the
French word for “below” is sous. So sousveillance means that instead of
being watched from above—byy other people or byy securityy cameras, for
example, we’re being watched from “below” byy the small devices that we
carryy around and mayybe even wear on our bodies.
Fitness trackers and smartwatches record biometrics such as yyour heart
rate, the number of steps yyou take, even yyour bodyy temperature. Apple’s
app store supports lots of independentlyy created applications to track health
and wellness on its phones and watches. Same with the Google Playy store.
And—surprise!—these apps are set to radio home the data to the companyy,
ostensiblyy just to collect it for future review byy the owner but also to share
it, sometimes without yyour active consent.
For example, during the 2015 Amgen Tour of California, participants in
the bicyycle race were able to identifyy who had passed them and later, while
online, direct-message them. That could get a little creepyy when a stranger
starts talking to yyou about a particular move yyou made during a race, a
move yyou might not even remember making.