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withdrew. And when the fourth firm retained by the RICO Defendants in the same Section 1782<br />

proceeding reviewed the record, and not merely Donziger's materially misleading memorandum,<br />

it concluded that, "it appears not only that Cabrera and plaintiffs can be charged with a 'fraud'<br />

respecting the former's report, but that Stratus was an active conspirator." At this fourth<br />

counsel's request, the second firm retained by the RICO Defendants, who had previously<br />

informed Donziger that the RICO Defendants' position was "untenable," prepared a brief<br />

memorandum summarizing its bases for withdrawal. In that memorandum, that firm stated that<br />

"we did not feel that we had a Rule 11 basis to file an opposition to Chevron's subpoena." Rule<br />

11 ofthe Federal Rules of Civil Procedure requires that every filing submitted to a federal court<br />

must be signed by an attorney who represents that the filing is not for "any improper purpose,"<br />

that the "claims, defenses, and other legal contentions are warranted by existing law," and that<br />

"the factual contentions have evidentiary support."<br />

285. When another lawyer, Andrew Woods, who worked for Donziger, grew alarmed<br />

that Donziger was using him to make possibly false claims in a declaration filed in federal court,<br />

and asked to make a clarifying submission if any of his previous statements were false, Donziger<br />

and his co-conspirators talked him into remaining silent. Despite their own recognition of their<br />

misconduct, the RICO Defendants continue to deny this evidence and dissemble in sworn<br />

statements, in court filings, and in deposition testimony.<br />

b. The RICO Defendants' Subsequent False and Misleading<br />

Statements in an Attempt to Justify and Excuse Their<br />

Emerging Misconduct<br />

286. As their strategy of stonewalling and total denial became increasingly impossible<br />

to square with the emerging factual record, including the video outtakes from Crude, the RICO<br />

Defendants and their co-conspirators made a last-ditch effort to cover up their misconduct by<br />

attempting to confuse and mislead federal courts regarding the Lago Agrio court orders<br />

governing their association with Cabrera. The RICO Defendants distorted the record in several<br />

ways as part of their attempt to impede federal court review of Chevron's discovery applications<br />

and thereby allow the Lago Agrio court to march towards judgment.<br />

113

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