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El uso de Sistemas de Información Geografica y Sensores Remotos (SR) en Salud Pública Bogotá, Colombia, 27 al 30 de Marzo de 2006 prevalence of infection throughout all age groups in this population in Colombia (4.45%) is half of that in Venezuela (8.94%). In contrast, the incidence of infection in Colombia (1.53 per 1000 population) is about 2.5 times that in Venezuela (0.62 per 1000 population). The rural population of endemic areas in Colombia is also much greater. The estimated total number of new infections per year in Colombia (9300), is therefore approximately 14 times greater than in Venezuela (665). The most likely explanation for the very different prevalence and incidence results appears to be that Venezuela used to suffer very high transmission in the decades up to the 1960s, and a high proportion of the older population are still living with infections acquired during that period. Highly successful control campaigns have now reduced vector abundances and transmission to a low level, so the incidence is much lower (although it may now be increasing again). In contrast, Colombia has only very recently started to implement a control strategy, so infection rates remain high. The geographic analysis also shows that infections in both countries are highly focalized. Over 99% of infections occur in less than 35% of surveyed municipalities in each country, suggesting that accurate targeting of available interventions could greatly reduce overall incidence. If these are supported by cost-effective surveillance and response measures, Colombia could equal and surpass the success of Venezuela, bringing health benefits for decades to come. Infection rates in bloodbanks at the Department/State level were strongly correlated with the measures of incidence and prevalence derived above in Colombia, but not Venezuela. Applying these relationship to bloodbank data from other Departments in Colombia suggests that there may be another 2400 (approx. 25%) or so incident cases per year in Departments currently considered non-endemic, mainly in Caquetá, Chocó and Guaviare - but this is based on small and possibly unrepresentative samples. 180
El uso de Sistemas de Información Geografica y Sensores Remotos (SR) en Salud Pública Bogotá, Colombia, 27 al 30 de Marzo de 2006 Taken together, these results argue for vigorous, early and targeted control interventions in endemic zones of Colombia, coupled with further investigation in neighbouring Departments. In Venezuela, there is a need for targeted and cost- effective surveillance and response to maintain and improve on current low transmission rates. 181
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Universidad de los Andes Centro de
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El uso de Sistemas de Información
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PROLOGO El uso de Sistemas de Infor
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References El uso de Sistemas de In
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