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SUMARIO - Asociación Española de Neuropsiquiatría

SUMARIO - Asociación Española de Neuropsiquiatría

SUMARIO - Asociación Española de Neuropsiquiatría

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REVISTA DE LA ASOCIACIÓN ESPAÑOLA DE NEUROPSIQUIATRÍA,Vol. XXV, nº 96, Octubre/Diciembre 2005, páginas 93-111(93)Antonio Sánchez-Barranco Ruiz, Pablo Sánchez-Barranco Vallejo, Fernando Sánchez-Barranco VallejoEL PSICOANÁLISIS ¿QUÉ TIPO DE CIENCIA ES?PSYCHOANALYSIS, WHAT KIND OF A SCIENCE IS IT?RESUMENEl mo<strong>de</strong>lo <strong>de</strong> ciencia que la psicologíaacadémica ha adoptado se atiene casiexclusivamente a criterios empírico-experimentales.Des<strong>de</strong> este bastión se hatratado <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rruir el saber psicoanalítico,arrojándolo a la cárcel <strong>de</strong> las pseudocienciaso <strong>de</strong> los mitos. En un momento <strong>de</strong>terminadose intentó acercar el psicoanálisisa tal mo<strong>de</strong>lo positivista, lo que trajoconsigo la pérdida <strong>de</strong> lo más esencial <strong>de</strong>lmismo. Sin embargo, <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> la década <strong>de</strong>los sesenta, algunos venimos insistiendoen ubicarlo en el marco <strong>de</strong> las cienciashistórico-hermenéuticas, don<strong>de</strong> la teoríay la práctica psicoanalíticas recuperan sutotal i<strong>de</strong>ntidad. En este trabajo, <strong>de</strong> formamuy sintética, se hace un recorrido <strong>de</strong>todo lo anterior, argumentando en favor<strong>de</strong> la tesis que sitúa al psicoanálisis<strong>de</strong>ntro <strong>de</strong> los saberes histórico-hermenéuticosvaliéndose tanto <strong>de</strong> estrategiasinductivas como <strong>de</strong>ductivas.Palabras claves: Psicoanálisis, Ciencia,Pseudociencia, Epistemología,Histórica, Hermenéutica, Deductivo,Inductivo.ABSTRACTThe mo<strong>de</strong>l of scientific knowledgethat the aca<strong>de</strong>mic Psychology hadadopted follows, mainly, empirical an<strong>de</strong>xperimental criteria. From this standpoint,thus, there have been numerousattempts to <strong>de</strong>value the psychoanalyticbody of knowledge by being <strong>de</strong>picted aspseudoscientific or just a myth. Consequently,the psychoanalytic communityma<strong>de</strong> some efforts to drive Psychoanalysiscloser to Positivism, which had as a resultthe loss of its essence. However, since the60’s, some psychoanalytic authors haveinsisted on including the Psychoanalysisas a part of the Historical-Hermeneuticknowledge, in or<strong>de</strong>r for its theory andpractice to recover all their i<strong>de</strong>ntity. Inour paper, we have briefly reviewed theabove i<strong>de</strong>as, supporting the thesis that,by means of <strong>de</strong>ductive and inductive strategies,Psychoanalysis should be placedinto the Historical and Hermeutical boyof knowledge.Keywords: Psychoanalysis, Science,Pseudoscience, Epistemology, Historical,Hemeneutical, Deductive, Inductive.

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