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Artículo Original<br />

Rev. Ibero-Latinoam. Parasitol. (2012); 71 (1): 97-108<br />

Tratamiento <strong>de</strong> la enfermedad <strong>de</strong> Chagas crónica<br />

en Chile. Efectos adversos <strong>de</strong> nifurtimox<br />

VALENCIA C. N. 1 , MANCILLA M. 2 , RAMOS D. 3 , ZULANTAY I. 2 , MOLINA M. 4 , TORRES A. 4 ,<br />

CORRAL G. 5 y APT W. 2<br />

1 Hospital <strong>de</strong> Salamanca, Servicio <strong>de</strong> Salud Coquimbo, IV Región, Chile.<br />

2 Laboratorio <strong>de</strong> Parasitología Básico-Clínico, Programa <strong>de</strong> Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto <strong>de</strong> Ciencias<br />

Biomédicas. Facultad <strong>de</strong> Medicina. Universidad <strong>de</strong> Chile.<br />

3 Interno Carrera <strong>de</strong> Medicina. Facultad <strong>de</strong> Medicina. Universidad <strong>de</strong> Chile.<br />

4 Hospital <strong>de</strong> Combarbalá, Servicio <strong>de</strong> Salud Coquimbo, IV Región, Chile.<br />

5 Hospital <strong>de</strong> Illapel, Servicio <strong>de</strong> Salud Coquimbo, IV Región, Chile.<br />

ABSTRACT<br />

CHEMOTHERAPY OF CHRONIC CHAGAS DISEASE IN CHILE.<br />

ADVERSE EFFECTS OF NIFURTIMOX<br />

Today the only drugs approved for treatment of Chagas disease are nifurtimox (NFx) and benzinazole<br />

(BNZ). To know the adverse effects of NFx a study was conducted in 60 patients with chronic Chagas<br />

disease who were administered the drug at doses of 10 mg/kg/day (but not more than 700 mg/day) during<br />

60 days. 4 cases discontinued treatment, 49 (88.1%) had si<strong>de</strong> effects (21 urban and 28 rural) and 7 (11.6%)<br />

had not clinical manifestations by the therapy. The most frequent adverse effects were: nauseas, epigastric<br />

pain, skin rash, anorexia, asthenia and paresthesia. A high percentages of cases (80.6%) presented low<br />

weight. No modification of the test scores of CBC liver profile due to NFx administration was observed.<br />

It is necessary to perform a strict clinical and laboratory control when the NFx is administrated, always<br />

consi<strong>de</strong>ring co-morbility and inclusion-exclusion criteria.<br />

Key words: Chronic Chagas disease, treatment, nifurtimox, adverse effects.<br />

RESUMEN<br />

Hoy en día, los únicos fármacos aceptados para el tratamiento <strong>de</strong> la enfermedad <strong>de</strong> Chagas, son nifurtimox<br />

Recibido: 5 <strong>de</strong> Febrero <strong>de</strong> 2012. Aceptado: 05 <strong>de</strong> J<strong>un</strong>io <strong>de</strong> 2012.<br />

Correspon<strong>de</strong>ncia: Dr. Werner Apt B.<br />

E-mail: wapt@med.uchile.cl<br />

Dra. Inés Zulantay A.<br />

E-mail: izulanta@med.uchile.cl<br />

Laboratorio <strong>de</strong> Parasitología Básico-Clínico. Programa <strong>de</strong> Biología Celular y Molecular. Instituto<br />

<strong>de</strong> Ciencias Biomédicas. Facultad <strong>de</strong> Medicina. Universidad <strong>de</strong> Chile. Casilla 427. Santiago 3.<br />

Santiago Chile.<br />

Fono-Fax: 56-2-9786122<br />

97

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