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revista chilena de psiquiatria y neurologia de la infancia

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Elías Arab et al<br />

adultos. Esta situación, asociada a una escasa<br />

supervisión <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong>s horas <strong>de</strong>dicadas a los vi<strong>de</strong>o<br />

juegos sin un análisis criterioso, es peligroso<br />

por los posibles efectos que pue<strong>de</strong> generar<br />

en el neuro<strong>de</strong>sarrollo, en <strong>la</strong>s re<strong>la</strong>ciones afectivas<br />

y sociales <strong>de</strong> nuestros niños y por el<br />

eventual riesgo <strong>de</strong> generar una patología <strong>de</strong>ntro<br />

<strong>de</strong>l terreno <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong>s adicciones.<br />

Es fundamental ampliar <strong>la</strong> muestra <strong>de</strong> nuestro<br />

estudio para po<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong>terminar si los criterios<br />

pue<strong>de</strong>n ser aplicados en <strong>la</strong> pob<strong>la</strong>ción general<br />

y realizar otros trabajos para evaluar <strong>la</strong> repercusión<br />

<strong>de</strong>l uso <strong>de</strong> vi<strong>de</strong>o juegos a <strong>la</strong>rgo p<strong>la</strong>zo<br />

en nuestra pob<strong>la</strong>ción y <strong>de</strong>terminar posibles<br />

estrategias a implementar en los esco<strong>la</strong>res <strong>de</strong><br />

mayor riesgo.<br />

Así mismo se hace necesario llegar a un consenso<br />

entre los especialistas para <strong>de</strong>terminar<br />

específicamente los criterios que nos permitan<br />

hab<strong>la</strong>r <strong>de</strong> adicción a vi<strong>de</strong>o juegos, estableciendo<br />

puntos <strong>de</strong> corte <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong>s esca<strong>la</strong>s existentes<br />

para implementar el diagnóstico clínico<br />

como entidad nosológica y así <strong>de</strong>sarrol<strong>la</strong>r estrategias<br />

e intervenciones para manejar estas<br />

dificulta<strong>de</strong>s.<br />

BIBLIOGRAFIA<br />

1. Vil<strong>la</strong>ni S. Impact of Media on Children and<br />

Adolescent: a 10 Years Review of the Research.<br />

J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2001;40:<br />

392-400.<br />

2. Wang X, Perry A. Metabolic and Physiologic<br />

Responses to Vi<strong>de</strong>o Game P<strong>la</strong>y in 7- to 10-<br />

Year-Old Boys. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med.<br />

2006, 160:411-415.<br />

3. Laukka, S.J., Jarvilehto, T., et al. Frontal midline<br />

theta re<strong>la</strong>ted learning in a simu<strong>la</strong>ted driving<br />

task. Biol. Psychol. 1995, 40: 313–320.<br />

4. Matsuda G., Hirak K.. Sustained Decrease in<br />

Oxygenated Hemoglobin During Vi<strong>de</strong>o Games<br />

in Dorsal Prefrontal Cortex: A NIRS Study of<br />

Children. Neuroimage 2006, 29: 706– 711.<br />

5. Funk JB. Children’s Exposure to Violent Vi<strong>de</strong>o<br />

Games and Desensitization to Violence Child<br />

Adolesc Psychiatry Clin N Am 2005, 14:387-<br />

404.<br />

6. Funk JB. Vi<strong>de</strong>o games. Adolesc Med Clin.<br />

2005,16:395-411.<br />

7. Paik H, Comstock G. The effects of Television<br />

Violence on Antisocial Behavior: a Meta-Analysis.<br />

Communic Res. 1994, 21:516-546.<br />

Rev. Chil. Psiquiatr. Neurol. Infanc. Adolesc.<br />

Diciembre 2007<br />

8. Gentile DA, Lynch PJ, Lin<strong>de</strong>r JR, Walsh DA. The<br />

Effects of Violent Vi<strong>de</strong>o Game Habits on Adolescent<br />

Hostility, Aggressive Behaviors, and<br />

School Performance. J Adolesc. 2004, 27:5-<br />

22.<br />

9. American Aca<strong>de</strong>my of Pediatrics, Committee<br />

on Public Education. Media violence. Pediatrics.<br />

2001, 108:1222-1226.<br />

10. Cheng T, Brenner R, et al. Children’s Violent<br />

Television Viewing: are parents monitoring?.<br />

Pediatrics. 2004; 114:94-99.<br />

11. Browne K, Hamilton C. Influence of violent media<br />

on children and adolescent. The Lancet<br />

2005, 365:702-10.<br />

12. Harrison K, Cantor J. Tales from the screen:<br />

enduring fright reactions to scary media. Media<br />

Psychol. 1999, 1:97-116.<br />

13. Brady S., Matthews K. Effects Of Media Violence<br />

On Health-Re<strong>la</strong>ted Outcomes Among Young<br />

Men. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2006;160:341-<br />

347.<br />

14. Bushman B, Huesmann R. Short-term And<br />

Long- Therm effect of Violent Media on Aggression<br />

in Children and Adult. Arch Pediatr Adolesc<br />

Med 2006, 160: 348-352.<br />

15. Bartholow BD, Sestir MA, et al. Corre<strong>la</strong>tes and<br />

consequences of exposure to vi<strong>de</strong>o game<br />

violence: hostile, personality, empathy, and<br />

aggressive behavior. Pers Soc Psychol Bull.<br />

2005, 31:1573-86.<br />

16. Shapira N, Goldsmith T, et. al. Psychiatric Features<br />

Of Individuals With Problematic Internet<br />

Use. J Affect Disord 2000, 57: 267-72.<br />

17. Tejeiro R., Bersabé R. Measuring Problem Vi<strong>de</strong>o<br />

Game P<strong>la</strong>ying in Adolescents. Adicction<br />

2002, 97: 1601-6.<br />

18. Brian D. Wiemer-Hastings P. Addiction To The<br />

Internet And Online Gaming Cyberpsychology<br />

& Behavior, 2005, 8: 110-113<br />

19. American Psychiatry Association. Diagnosis<br />

and Statical manual of mental Disor<strong>de</strong>rs. Fourth<br />

Editions. Washington, DC. American Psychiatry<br />

Associations, 1994.<br />

20. Young, K. Internet Addiction: The Emergence<br />

Of A New Clinical Disor<strong>de</strong>r. Cyberpsychology &<br />

Behavior 1996, 1: 237-244.<br />

21. Barkin S., Ip E. Et Al.. Parental Media Mediations<br />

Styles For Children Aged 2 To 11 Years.<br />

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2006, 160: 395-401.<br />

22. Chiu S , Lee J, et. al. Vi<strong>de</strong>o Game Addiction In<br />

Children And Teenagers In Taiwan. Cyberpsychology<br />

& Behavior 2004, 7: 571-581.<br />

Correspon<strong>de</strong>ncia:<br />

Dr. Elías Arab L.<br />

e.mail: eliasarab@gmail.com<br />

11

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