El impacto del acoso laboral en los observadores. Estudios de caso ...
El impacto del acoso laboral en los observadores. Estudios de caso ...
El impacto del acoso laboral en los observadores. Estudios de caso ...
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<strong>El</strong> <strong>impacto</strong> <strong><strong>de</strong>l</strong> <strong>acoso</strong> <strong>laboral</strong>...<br />
223<br />
Resum<strong>en</strong><br />
Este trabajo <strong>de</strong> corte cualitativo analiza el <strong>impacto</strong> <strong><strong>de</strong>l</strong> <strong>acoso</strong> <strong>laboral</strong><br />
<strong>en</strong> personas que lo observan sin ser afectados personalm<strong>en</strong>te, <strong>en</strong><br />
un principio, por las agresiones. Se comparan las experi<strong>en</strong>cias <strong>de</strong> cuatro<br />
investigadoras ci<strong>en</strong>tíficas que laboran <strong>en</strong> dos c<strong>en</strong>tros <strong>de</strong> educación superior<br />
<strong>en</strong> México. Dos intervinieron <strong>de</strong> forma activa <strong>en</strong> el conflicto (observadoras<br />
activas), dos se abstuvieron (observadoras pasivas). Ambos<br />
grupos son analizados <strong>en</strong> cuanto a: su relación con la víctima y el victimario;<br />
sus interpretaciones <strong><strong>de</strong>l</strong> trasfondo organizacional; sus actitu<strong>de</strong>s y<br />
acciones fr<strong>en</strong>te al <strong>acoso</strong>; sus expectativas <strong>en</strong> cuanto al comportami<strong>en</strong>to<br />
<strong>de</strong> la organización; y el <strong>impacto</strong> <strong>de</strong> su rol <strong>de</strong> observador <strong>en</strong> su salud psicofísica.<br />
Las organizaciones <strong>laboral</strong>es, que eran esc<strong>en</strong>ario <strong><strong>de</strong>l</strong> <strong>acoso</strong>, no<br />
castigaron a <strong>los</strong> acosadores, no protegieron a las víctimas y sancionaron<br />
a <strong>los</strong> <strong>observadores</strong> que int<strong>en</strong>taron poner un alto a <strong>los</strong> agresores.<br />
Palabras claves: Acoso <strong>laboral</strong>, <strong>observadores</strong>, emociones, salud<br />
psicofísica, educación superior<br />
Abstract<br />
This qualitative study explores the impact of bullying at work in<br />
those who observe it without being personally affected by the aggressions.<br />
Experi<strong>en</strong>ces of four female sci<strong>en</strong>tists working in two Mexican<br />
higher education institutions are compared. Two of them interv<strong>en</strong>ed actively<br />
in the conflict (active observers), two abstained (passive observers).<br />
Both groups are analyzed with regard to: their relationship with<br />
victims and aggressors; their interpretation of the organizational <strong>en</strong>vironm<strong>en</strong>t;<br />
their attitu<strong>de</strong>s and actions with regard to the aggression; their<br />
expectations related to the organizational managem<strong>en</strong>t behavior, and<br />
the impact of observed aggression in their health status. The organizational<br />
lea<strong>de</strong>rship did not punish aggressors, did not protect victims but<br />
reproved observers who interv<strong>en</strong>ed in or<strong>de</strong>r to stop bullying at work.<br />
Keywords: Workplace bullying, observers, emotions, health,<br />
higher education
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