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9 - Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones

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Las reformas electorales en perspectiva<br />

comparada en América Latina<br />

J. Jesús Orozco Henríquez *<br />

Nota <strong>de</strong>l Consejo Editorial<br />

Recepción: 1 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009.<br />

Revisión, corrección y aprobación: 15 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2010.<br />

Resumen: Analiza los avances en relación con la reforma política y electoral que se ha dado en<br />

Latinoamérica, para fortalecer la institucionalidad <strong>de</strong>mocrática en diferentes países. Destaca que muchas<br />

<strong>de</strong> estas reformas no han dado los resultados esperados <strong>de</strong>bido a dos factores: muchas se han realizado <strong>de</strong><br />

manera coyuntural y en muchos casos no ha existido un compromiso verda<strong>de</strong>ro con las mismas.<br />

Palabras claves: Sistemas electorales / Sistema <strong>de</strong> partidos políticos / Reforma política / Reformas<br />

electorales / Organismos electorales / Democracia directa / Democracia participativa / América Latina.<br />

Abstract: This paper reviews the progress related to the political and electoral reforms that have taken<br />

place in Latin America in or<strong>de</strong>r to strengthen <strong>de</strong>mocratic institutions in different countries. It outlines<br />

that many of these reforms have not yiel<strong>de</strong>d the expected results due to two factors: many have been<br />

un<strong>de</strong>rtaken on cyclical basis and in many cases there has been no real commitment to them.<br />

Key words: Electoral Systems / System of Political Parties / Political Reform / Electoral Reform / Electoral<br />

Bodies / Direct Democracy / Participatory Democracy / Latin America.<br />

* Doctor en Derecho <strong>de</strong> la Universidad Nacional Autónoma <strong>de</strong> México. Profesor <strong>de</strong> Derecho comparado <strong>de</strong> la Universidad <strong>de</strong><br />

California. Investigador titular <strong>de</strong>l Instituto <strong>de</strong> Investigaciones Jurídicas <strong>de</strong> la UNAM. Comisionado <strong>de</strong> la Comisión Interamericana<br />

<strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos para el período 2010-2013<br />

NÚMERO 9 / PRIMER SEMESTRE 2010 5

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