p SAC - creden - Université Montpellier I

p SAC - creden - Université Montpellier I p SAC - creden - Université Montpellier I

creden.univ.montp1.fr
from creden.univ.montp1.fr More from this publisher
02.10.2014 Views

Chapitre introductif. Section 2 : les industries de réseau : des services à part =1*,!:>0'1'!1&'.%:!-%!:1!'%&J*(@.%?!:%!'/1*,5)/'!J1.'%!'%*,()*!0:%&'/(@.%?!:%! /0,%1.! -%! '/1*,5)/'! C1F(%/?! :%! /0,%1.! 7%//0! %'! :1! -(,'/(;.'()*! 5),'1:%! ,)*'! -%,! 8)*)5):%,!*1'./%:,!,1*,!@.>.*%!&)*'%,'1'()*!,)('!5),,(;:%6!! =.!71('!-%,!(85)/'1*'%,!03):.'()*,!'%&J*(@.%,!/0&%*'%,!(:!*>%,'!5:.,!1.,,(! 03(-%*'!@.%!&%:1!1!5.!:>L'/%!@.%!:1!5/)-.&'()*!0:%&'/(@.%!).!:>18)*'!]&)::%&'%!%'! '/(^!5),'1:!).!%*&)/%!:1!8(,%!%*!&(/&.:1'()*!-%,!'/1(*,!:%!,)(%*'!%*&)/%6! ! g6!IG'%/*1:('0,!2! ! +%,!(*-.,'/(%,!-%!/0,%1.!,)*'!C0*0/1:%8%*'!C0*0/1'/(&%,!->%77%',!%G'%/*%,! 5),('(7,!1.,,(!;(%*!->)77/%!@.%!-%!-%81*-%6!K1/!1(::%./,?!%::%,!5%/8%''%*'!1.,,(! -%!:(8('%/!&%/'1(*,!%77%',!%G'%/*%,!*0C1'(7,!-%!:>1&'(3('0!0&)*)8(@.%6!$%:)*!h%*/D! QPRRS?! 56! Pi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

Chapitre introductif. Section 2 : les industries de réseau : des services à part K1/! %G%85:%?! -1*,! :%! &1,! -%,! '0:0&)88.*(&1'()*,?! :%! *)8;/%! -%! 9!&)**%&'0,!.'(:('0!-%,!1.'/%,!1C%*',6! !c01*8)(*,?!5)./!5/%*-/%!&%''%!-0&(,()*?!:%!&)*,)881'%./!51/'(&.:(%/!*%! 5/%*-! %*! &)85'%! @.%! ,)*! 5/)5/%! ;0*07(&%! 5/(306! =%! '%::%,! %G'%/*1:('0,! ,)*'! ,).3%*'!E.C0%,!&)88%!&/01'/(&%,!->(*%77(&1&('0,!-1*,!.*!81/&J0!*)*!/0C.:06!I*! 51/'(&.:(%/?! :1! 51/'(&(51'()*! ,%/1! 9!'/)5! :%*'%!.*! 5)(*'! -%! 3.%! -D*18(@.%?! ,(C*(7(%! @.%! :%! -03%:)55%8%*'! -.! /0,%1.! %*! ,%/1! 177%&'06! ! M%,! (*%77(&1&('0,!5%.3%*'!L'/%!0:(8(*0%,?!).!').'!-.!8)(*,!/0-.('%,?!51/!-%,!8%,./%,! -%!/0C.:1'()*!,.;3%*'()**1*'!:>1&&A,!1.!/0,%1.?!%'!&>%,'!5/0&(,08%*'!&%!@.%!7)*'! :%,!);:(C1'()*,!-%!,%/3(&%!5.;:(&6! ! P6!+%,!%77%',!%G'%/*%,!5),('(7,6! ! +%,!,%/3(&%,!5/)-.(',!51/!:%,!(*-.,'/(%,!-%!/0,%1.!,)*'!4!:>)/(C(*%!->%77%',! %G'%/*%,!5),('(7,!4!:1!7)(,!-%!-%81*-%!%'!->)77/%6! =1*,!:%!5/%8(%/!&1,?!(:!,>1C('!-%,!%77%',!-%!&:.;!5/)-.('!51/!:%,!/0,%1.G6! $%:)*! h%*/D! QPRRS?! 56! Pi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f).'%!1.C8%*'1'()*!-.!*)8;/%!-%!&)**%&'0?!1&&/)(,,1*'! :%,!,%/3(&%,!)77%/',!51/!:%!/0,%1.?!1&&/)X'!-)*&!:%!;(%*UL'/%!-%,!&)**%&'0,6!! ! ! "e!

Chapitre introductif.<br />

Section 2 : les industries de réseau : des services à part<br />

=1*,!:>0'1'!1&'.%:!-%!:1!'%&J*(@.%?!:%!'/1*,5)/'!J1.'%!'%*,()*!0:%&'/(@.%?!:%!<br />

/0,%1.! -%! '/1*,5)/'! C1F(%/?! :%! /0,%1.! 7%//0! %'! :1! -(,'/(;.'()*! 5),'1:%! ,)*'! -%,!<br />

8)*)5):%,!*1'./%:,!,1*,!@.>.*%!&)*'%,'1'()*!,)('!5),,(;:%6!!<br />

=.!71('!-%,!(85)/'1*'%,!03):.'()*,!'%&J*(@.%,!/0&%*'%,!(:!*>%,'!5:.,!1.,,(!<br />

03(-%*'!@.%!&%:1!1!5.!:>L'/%!@.%!:1!5/)-.&'()*!0:%&'/(@.%!).!:>18)*'!]&)::%&'%!%'!<br />

'/(^!5),'1:!).!%*&)/%!:1!8(,%!%*!&(/&.:1'()*!-%,!'/1(*,!:%!,)(%*'!%*&)/%6!<br />

!<br />

g6!IG'%/*1:('0,!2!<br />

!<br />

+%,!(*-.,'/(%,!-%!/0,%1.!,)*'!C0*0/1:%8%*'!C0*0/1'/(&%,!->%77%',!%G'%/*%,!<br />

5),('(7,!1.,,(!;(%*!->)77/%!@.%!-%!-%81*-%6!K1/!1(::%./,?!%::%,!5%/8%''%*'!1.,,(!<br />

-%!:(8('%/!&%/'1(*,!%77%',!%G'%/*%,!*0C1'(7,!-%!:>1&'(3('0!0&)*)8(@.%6!$%:)*!h%*/D!<br />

QPRRS?! 56! PiT! 9!?!.# .!,=-5!.# 30;%-5.# @20!/"# 0/# ,A%!# -132,"$/"# !/# 1$"-B,!# 8C!77!".# 8-".#<br />

!D"!,/!.E#F0C-%#.C$9-..!#8C!77!".#!D"!,/!.#32.-"-7.#F0C-%.#5,G!/"#20#8C!77!".#!D"!,/!.#/G9$"-7.#<br />

F0C-%.#52,,-9!/"#1.'/%,?! @.%! :%,! 1&'()*,! -%! &%/'1(*,!<br />

(*-(3(-.,!).!C/).5%,!)*'!,./!:>1&'(3('0!%'!:%!;(%*UL'/%!->1.'/%,6!M>%,'!3/1(!-1*,!<br />

:>%,51&%!4!.*!8)8%*'!-)**0?!%*'/%!5)::.%./,!%'!5)::.0,!]%77%'!%G'%/*%!*0C1'(7^?!<br />

%*'/%!1;)**0,!->.*!8L8%!/0,%1.!]%77%'!%G'%/*%!5),('(7^6!M>%,'!1.,,(!3/1(!4!'/13%/,!<br />

:%! '%85,!2! :%! 81/&J0! *>(*&('%! 51,! :%,! 1C%*',! 0&)*)8(@.%,! 4! 5/%*-/%!<br />

,.77(,188%*'! %*! &)85'%! :%,! &)*,0@.%*&%,! :)(*'1(*%,! -%! :%./,! -0&(,()*,!<br />

5/0,%*'%,6!$(!%::%,!51/1(,,%*'!:)(*'1(*%,!-1*,!:>%,5/('!%'!:%,!&1:&.:,!-%!&%.G!@.(!:%,!<br />

5/%**%*'?!%::%,!5%.3%*'!L'/%!'/A,!5/)&J%,!-1*,!:%!-0/).:%8%*'!-.!'%85,!]&1,!-%!<br />

:1!5/)C/1881'()*!-%!:1!5/)-.&'()*!0:%&'/(@.%^6!<br />

+%,!%G'%/*1:('0,!-%!/0,%1.!,%!5/)-.(,%*'!@.1*-!:%!;0*07(&%!@.%!'(/%!.*!<br />

1C%*'!-%!:>.,1C%!->.*!/0,%1.!-05%*-!-.!*)8;/%!->(*-(3(-.,!@.(!,)*'!&)**%&'0,!<br />

4!&%!/0,%1. " 6!!<br />

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!<br />

"! +%,! /0,%1.G! &/0%*'! ->1.'/%,! 'D5%,! ->%G'%/*1:('0,?! (:,! 5%.3%*'! 51/! %G%85:%! 13)(/! .*! &1/1&'A/%! -%! ;(%*!<br />

5.;:(&6!<br />

! "S!

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!