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2.- CAPÍTULO SEGUNDO: ANÁLISIS DE LOS EFECTOS NO DESEADOS A NIVEL DE TAXA INDIVIDUALES. Este artículo puede ser consultado bajo el título: Devotto L, R. Carrillo, E. Cisternas and M. Gerding, in press. Conservation biological control of soil surface predators (carabid beetles and spiders) and compatibility with Beauveria bassiana spores and lambda-cyhalothrin in a Southern Chilean pasture. Pedobiologia. 51
CONSERVATION BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF SOIL SURFACE PREDATORS (CARABID BEETLES AND SPIDERS) AND COMPATIBILITY WITH B. bassiana SPORES AND LAMBDA-CYHALOTHRIN IN A SOUTHERN CHILEAN PASTURE. Luis Devotto a* , Roberto Carrillo b , Ernesto Cisternas a y Marcos Gerding c . a Escuela de Graduados, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Austral de Chile. Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile. b Instituto de Producción y Sanidad Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile. c Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), Centro Regional de Investigación Quilamapu. Avenida Vicente Méndez 515, Chillán, Chile. * Corresponding author: tel. +56 42 209652, fax +56 42 209599. E-mail address: ldevotto@inia.cl Present address: Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Centro Regional de Investigación Quilamapu, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), Casilla 426, Chillán, Chile. Running title: Inundative release of B. bassiana and conservation of surface predators. 52
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UNIVERSIDAD AUSTRAL DE CHILE FACULT
Page 3 and 4:
DIVERSIDAD Y CONTROL BIOLÓGICO DE
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ÍNDICE DE CONTENIDOS INTRODUCCIÓN
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4.- CAPÍTULO CUARTO: ANÁLISIS DE
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CAPÍTULO I. INDICE DE CUADROS Tabl
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CAPÍTULO I. ÍNDICE DE FIGURAS Fig
Page 13 and 14:
Figure 5. Rarefaction curves for th
Page 15 and 16: ABSTRACT About 10% of Southern Chil
Page 17 and 18: Sin embargo, a pesar de esta percep
Page 19 and 20: preeminencia de esta idea ha sido e
Page 21 and 22: niveles tróficos completos o grand
Page 23 and 24: Se ha propuesto diversos enfoques p
Page 25 and 26: El control de esta especie se reali
Page 27 and 28: con la consiguiente pérdida o dism
Page 29 and 30: 4. Numerosos estudios se concentran
Page 31 and 32: 1.- CAPÍTULO PRIMERO: DIVERSIDAD G
Page 33 and 34: sample, showing the potential use o
Page 35 and 36: and put it in a phylogeographical p
Page 37 and 38: centrifugation and supernatant was
Page 39 and 40: (Schneider and Excoffier, 1999; Alt
Page 41 and 42: All the putative populations showed
Page 43 and 44: strongly influenced by insect host
Page 45 and 46: supported a geographical sub-divisi
Page 47 and 48: Neuveglise C, Brygoo Y, Vercrambe B
Page 49 and 50: Table 1. Environmental data for the
Page 51 and 52: B907 Poike 27º 06' 109º 21' Easte
Page 53 and 54: B606 Lago Icalma 38º 50' 71º 20'
Page 55 and 56: Figure 1. NJ tree of the B fragment
Page 57 and 58: Figure 2. Haplotype tree inferred f
Page 59 and 60: Figure 4. Mismatch distributions of
Page 61 and 62: Figure 5. Haplotype diversity in th
Page 63 and 64: Table 6. Analyses of molecular vari
Page 65: Table 8. Pairwise differentiation e
Page 69 and 70: Introduction. In last decades, mode
Page 71 and 72: a dose of 10 12 spores per ha was s
Page 73 and 74: aerea were very low at 1 and 30 day
Page 75 and 76: explanation than no toxicity of the
Page 77 and 78: fields that are sprayed with pestic
Page 79 and 80: affected species, when present, whe
Page 81 and 82: Kiss, B., Samu, F., 2000. Evaluatio
Page 83 and 84: Wilby, A., Villareal, S., Lan, L.,
Page 85 and 86: ARANEAE Gnaphosidae 253 54 % Lycosi
Page 87 and 88: Activity density (individuals per p
Page 89 and 90: NON-TARGET EFFECTS OF Dalaca pallen
Page 91 and 92: same percentage of mortality on lar
Page 93 and 94: Treatments were applied on 15 Octob
Page 95 and 96: (Departamento de Producción y Sani
Page 97 and 98: Predators. Data set I. The principa
Page 99 and 100: predators extracted from soil cores
Page 101 and 102: particularly carabids. Most of the
Page 103 and 104: the consistent results allow us to
Page 105 and 106: Kenmore, P.E., Cariño, F., Perez,
Page 107 and 108: Traugott, M., Strasser, H. and Prie
Page 109 and 110: Table 2. Significance of treatment
Page 111 and 112: Figure 1. Persistence of B. bassian
Page 113 and 114: Figure 3. Principal response curve
Page 115 and 116: Figure 5. Principal response curve
Page 117 and 118:
RESPONSE OF GRASSLAND SOIL ARTHROPO
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Introduction. Declining diversity h
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Fungus. Beauveria bassiana strain Q
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Data collection. The abundance and
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N is the total number of individual
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catches), while dominant species re
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knowledge of South Chile grassland
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Dennis, P., 2003. Sensitivity of up
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invertebrates. In: IFOAM 2000 The W
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Figure 2. Estimated numbers Beauver
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Figure 4. Effects of B. bassiana an
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Figure 6. Rarefaction curves for th
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genética coincide con la zona de m
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Crosonychus viridis, Trechisibus an
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depredadores de lepidópteros, en l
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Respuesta a nivel de grupos funcion
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La conservación de los herbívoros
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Se ha propuesto que esta hipotétic
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En esta línea de razonamiento, las
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suceda en sistemas simples con poco
Page 157 and 158:
BIBLIOGRAFIA Alarcón R. 1997. Resp
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isolated from the European cockchaf
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Hardin MR, Benrey, M Coll, WO Lamp,
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Lockwood JA, 1993. Environmental is
Page 165 and 166:
Pimentel D, C Glenister, S Fast y D
Page 167 and 168:
Swift MJ, J Vandermeer, PS Ramakris
Page 169 and 170:
Zelada SH, 1998. Rol de la franja d
Page 171 and 172:
Anexo 1. Índices de severidad de l
Page 173 and 174:
Anexo 3. Capturas provenientes de l
Page 175 and 176:
Page 177:
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