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All the putative populations showed Tajima’s D values that did not significantly departure
from zero, except for Aysén (Table 4). This finding did not support the idea that
populations passed through expansion.
The haplotype 1 (H1) accounted for 49 sequences (50.5%), followed by haplotypes 3 and
17 with 11 and 6 sequences (11.3 and 6.1%, respectively). Eleven haplotypes were unique.
The most abundant haplotype H1 was found accross the country, but other were restricted
to one population. In special, H17 (n=6) and H18 (n=1) were present only at the Eastern
Island population, while H8 (n=4) was unique to Los Lagos population. Sixteen haplotypes
were found only in the mainland populations, although this result would be interpreted with
caution because many haplotypes were unique and a sampling effect must not be dismissed.
From Figure 5, some likely patterns arise. First, the haplotype 1 was present in all the
sampled populations, from the Northernmost part of the country to the South, including
Eastern Island, and it may be the most ancestral because of its wide range. However, an
ancestral status for haplotype 1 is not supported by its position in the haplotype network
(Figure 3).
Second, Eastern Island had two haplotypes not found in its mainland counterparts. Finally,
two populations (Maule-Biobío and Los Lagos) seem to be more diverse than the rest of the
populations.
Population structure analyses.
Little but significant (p