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CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 3


2 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

Publicación <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas / United Nations Publication<br />

ISBN: 92-1-021057-3<br />

ISSN impreso / ISSN printed version: 1014-0697 ISSN <strong>el</strong>ectrónico / ISSN online version: 1684-1379<br />

LC/G.2311-P<br />

Número <strong>de</strong> venta / Sales No. E/S.06.II.G.1<br />

Copyright © Naciones Unidas, julio <strong>de</strong> 2006 / Copyright United Nations, July 2006<br />

Todos los <strong>de</strong>rechos están reservados / All rights reserved<br />

Impreso en Santiago <strong>de</strong> Chile / Printed in Santiago, Chile - United Nations<br />

La autorización para reproducir total o parcialmente esta obra <strong>de</strong>be solicitarse al Secretario <strong>de</strong> la Junta <strong>de</strong> Publicaciones, Se<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> las<br />

Naciones Unidas, Nueva York, N.Y. 10017, Estados Unidos. Los Estados miembros y sus instituciones gubernamentales pue<strong>de</strong>n reproducir<br />

esta obra sin autorización previa. Solo se les solicita que mencionen la fuente e informen a las Naciones Unidas <strong>de</strong> tal reproducción.<br />

Applications for the right to reproduce this work are w<strong>el</strong>comed and should be sent to the Secretary of the Publications Board, United<br />

Nations Headquarters, New York, N.Y. 10017, U.S.A. Member States and their governmental institutions may reproduce this work without<br />

prior authorization, but are requested to mention the source and inform the United Nations of such reproduction.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 3


4 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

La <strong>el</strong>aboración <strong>de</strong> la presente edición <strong>de</strong>l <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong><br />

estuvo encabezada por <strong>el</strong> director <strong>de</strong> la División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y<br />

Proyecciones Económicas <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL, Hubert Escaith, con<br />

<strong>el</strong> apoyo <strong>de</strong> André Hofman, Jefe <strong>de</strong>l Centro <strong>de</strong> Proyecciones<br />

Económicas. La información es fruto <strong>de</strong> la oportuna y generosa<br />

colaboración <strong>de</strong> los directores <strong>de</strong> los organismos <strong>de</strong> estadísticas y<br />

los presi<strong>de</strong>ntes <strong>de</strong> los bancos centrales <strong>de</strong> los países <strong>de</strong> la región.<br />

El estudio fue coordinado en <strong>el</strong> área <strong>de</strong> estadísticas sociales y<br />

<strong>de</strong>mográfi cas por Juan Carlos Feres, con la colaboración <strong>de</strong> los<br />

expertos Simone Cecchini, Claudio Moris y Cristián Pizarro. La<br />

coordinación <strong>de</strong>l procesamiento <strong>de</strong> las estadísticas r<strong>el</strong>ativas a cuentas<br />

nacionales, balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos y comercio exterior estuvo a cargo <strong>de</strong><br />

Marc<strong>el</strong>o Ortúzar y Salvador Marconi, con la colaboración <strong>de</strong> los<br />

expertos Claudia <strong>de</strong> Camino, Carolina Cavada, Patricia Marchant,<br />

Juan Mediano, María Alejandra Ovalle, Ernestina Pérez y Gustavo<br />

Villouta. La coordinación <strong>de</strong>l área <strong>de</strong> estadísticas ambientales<br />

y <strong>de</strong> recursos naturales estuvo a cargo <strong>de</strong> Rayén Quiroga, con la<br />

colaboración <strong>de</strong> los expertos Franco Fernán<strong>de</strong>z y Matías Holloway.<br />

Los aspectos <strong>de</strong> programación estuvieron a cargo <strong>de</strong> Gustavo<br />

Villouta, con la colaboración <strong>de</strong> Ricardo Vásquez; <strong>el</strong> diseño gráfi co<br />

<strong>de</strong> la versión <strong>el</strong>ectrónica fue realizado por Claudio Cou<strong>de</strong>rc.<br />

Notas explicativas<br />

En los cuadros <strong>de</strong>l presente <strong>Anuario</strong> se han empleado los<br />

siguientes signos:<br />

El símbolo indica que <strong>el</strong> cuadro solo se presenta en<br />

versión <strong>el</strong>ectrónica.<br />

Tres puntos (...) indican que los datos no están disponibles o<br />

no se pue<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong>sglosar.<br />

La raya (–) indica que la cantidad es nula o <strong>de</strong>spreciable.<br />

El punto (.) se usa para separar los <strong>de</strong>cimales.<br />

El guión (-) puesto entre cifras que expresen años, por<br />

ejemplo 2000-2005, indica que se trata <strong>de</strong> todo <strong>el</strong> período<br />

consi<strong>de</strong>rado, ambos años inclusive.<br />

Los totales que aparecen en los cuadros correspon<strong>de</strong>n a la<br />

suma <strong>de</strong> los datos expuestos en cada uno <strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong>los, salvo indicación<br />

contraria.<br />

Las cantida<strong>de</strong>s que se refi eren a agrupaciones <strong>de</strong> países<br />

correspon<strong>de</strong>n al conjunto <strong>de</strong> países que aportaron información<br />

sobre ese período o año, salvo indicación contraria. Por esta razón,<br />

los años o períodos <strong>de</strong> una serie pue<strong>de</strong>n no ser estrictamente<br />

comparables.<br />

La sigla n.e.p. signifi ca no especifi cado (o incluido) en otra<br />

parte.<br />

La palabra “ton<strong>el</strong>adas” indica ton<strong>el</strong>adas métricas, y la<br />

palabra “dólares” se refi ere a dólares <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos, salvo<br />

indicación contraria.<br />

Debido a que a veces se redon<strong>de</strong>an las cifras, los datos<br />

parciales y los porcentajes presentados en los cuadros no siempre<br />

suman <strong>el</strong> total correspondiente.<br />

This year’s edition of the Statistical Yearbook was prepared<br />

un<strong>de</strong>r the supervision of Hubert Escaith, Director of the Statistics<br />

and Economic Projections Division of ECLAC, with support<br />

from André Hofman, Head of the Economic Projections Centre.<br />

The information it contains was ma<strong>de</strong> available through the<br />

tim<strong>el</strong>y and generous assistance of the directors of the statistical<br />

offi ces and the presi<strong>de</strong>nts of the central banks of the countries in<br />

the region. The compilation of social and <strong>de</strong>mographic statistics<br />

was coordinated by Juan Carlos Feres, with the assistance of<br />

Simone Cecchini, Claudio Moris and Cristián Pizarro. The<br />

processing of national-accounts, balance-of-payments and<br />

foreign-tra<strong>de</strong> statistics was coordinated by Marc<strong>el</strong>o Ortúzar and<br />

Salvador Marconi. Expert assistance was provi<strong>de</strong>d by Claudia<br />

<strong>de</strong> Camino, Carolina Cavada, Patricia Marchant, Juan Mediano,<br />

María Alejandra Ovalle, Ernestina Pérez and Gustavo Villouta.<br />

The compilation of environmental and natural resources statistics<br />

was coordinated by Rayén Quiroga, with expert assistance from<br />

Franco Fernán<strong>de</strong>z and Matías Holloway. Programming of the work<br />

was the responsibility of Gustavo Villouta, with the assistance of<br />

Ricardo Vásquez; the graphic <strong>de</strong>sign of the <strong>el</strong>ectronic version was<br />

prepared by Claudio Cou<strong>de</strong>rc.<br />

Notes and explanation of symbols<br />

The following symbols have been used in the tables in the<br />

Yearbook:<br />

The symbol indicates that the table is only available in<br />

<strong>el</strong>ectronic form.<br />

Three dots (...) indicate that data are not available or are not<br />

separat<strong>el</strong>y reported.<br />

A dash (-) indicates that the amounts is nil or negligible.<br />

A point (.) is used to indicate <strong>de</strong>cimals.<br />

Use of a hyphen (-) between years, e.g., 2000-2005, indicates<br />

reference to the complete number of calendar years involved,<br />

including the beginning and end years.<br />

The totals given in the tables correspond to the sum of<br />

the individual values shown in each table, unless otherwise<br />

stated.<br />

The fi gures given for different groups of countries<br />

correspond to the sum of the individual values shown or of the<br />

set of reporting countries for that period or year, unless otherwise<br />

stated. For this reason, the years or periods of a series may not be<br />

strictly comparable.<br />

The abbreviation n.e.s. indicates that the item in question is<br />

not <strong>el</strong>sewhere specifi ed or inclu<strong>de</strong>d.<br />

Reference to “tons” mean metric tons, and to “dollars”<br />

United States dollars, unless otherwise stated.<br />

Individual fi gures and percentages in tables may not<br />

necessarily add up to the corresponding total, because of<br />

rounding.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 5<br />

<br />

Índice / Contents<br />

Introducción / Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................ 19<br />

1. Estadísticas sociales / Social statistics ....................................................................................................... 21<br />

1.1 Población / Population ................................................................................................................................................................. 23<br />

1.1.1 Población total / Total population .................................................................................................................................................................. 23<br />

1.1.2 Tasa <strong>de</strong> crecimiento <strong>de</strong> la población total, por quinquenios / Total population growth rate, by fi ve-year periods ....................................... 24<br />

1.1.3 Proyecciones <strong>de</strong> la población total, por quinquenios / Projected total population, by fi ve-year periods ...................................................... 25<br />

1.1.4 Estructura <strong>de</strong> la población total, por grupos <strong>de</strong> edad / Structure of the total population, by age groups ...................................................... 26<br />

1.1.5 R<strong>el</strong>ación <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncia <strong>de</strong>mográfi ca / Demographic <strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncy ratio ..................................................................................................... 27<br />

1.1.6 Tasa <strong>de</strong> crecimiento anual <strong>de</strong> la población total, por grupos <strong>de</strong> edad / Annual growth rate of the total population, by age groups ............. 28<br />

1.1.7 Tasa <strong>de</strong> natalidad, por quinquenios / Birth rate, by fi ve-year periods............................................................................................................ 29<br />

1.1.8 Tasa <strong>de</strong> mortalidad, por quinquenios / Mortality rate, by fi ve-year periods .................................................................................................. 30<br />

1.1.9 Tasa global <strong>de</strong> fecundidad, por quinquenios / Total fertility rate, by fi ve-year periods ................................................................................. 31<br />

1.1.10 Esperanza <strong>de</strong> vida al nacer según sexo, por quinquenios / Life expectancy at birth, by sex and fi ve-year periods ....................................... 32<br />

1.1.11 Porcentaje <strong>de</strong> población urbana / Percentage of urban population ............................................................................................................... 33<br />

1.1.12 Población en <strong>el</strong> área metropolitana principal / Population in the main metropolitan area............................................................................ 34<br />

1.1.13 Tamaño medio <strong>de</strong> los hogares urbanos, según quintiles <strong>de</strong> ingreso / Urban households average size, by income quintile .......................... 35<br />

1.1.14 Tipos <strong>de</strong> hogares urbanos, según sexo <strong>de</strong>l jefe / Types of urban households, by sex of head of household .................................................. 36<br />

1.1.15 Tipos <strong>de</strong> hogares urbanos, según niv<strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong> ingreso per cápita <strong>de</strong>l hogar, 2004<br />

Types of urban households, by household per capita income lev<strong>el</strong>, 2004 .......................................................................................................... 37<br />

1.1.16 Población total, por grupos <strong>de</strong> edad, 2005 / Total population, by age groups, 2005 .....................................................................................<br />

1.1.17 Población masculina, por grupos <strong>de</strong> edad, 2005 / Male population, by age groups, 2005 ............................................................................<br />

1.1.18 Población femenina, por grupos <strong>de</strong> edad, 2005 / Female population, by age groups, 2005 ..........................................................................<br />

1.1.19 Población en localida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> 20.000 y más habitantes y <strong>de</strong> 100.000 y más habitantes<br />

Population in localities with 20,000 or more and 100,000 or more inhabitants ...........................................................................................<br />

1.1.20 Población en las dos áreas metropolitanas principales / Population in the two main metropolitan areas .....................................................<br />

1.1.21 Población en hogares particulares, por tamaño <strong>de</strong>l hogar / Population in private households, by size of household ...................................<br />

1.2 Trabajo / Labour ................................................................................................................................................................................. 38<br />

1.2.1 Población económicamente activa, por sexo / Economically active population, by sex ................................................................................ 38<br />

1.2.2 Tasa <strong>de</strong> participación en la actividad económica, por sexo / Economic participation rate, by sex ............................................................... 39<br />

1.2.3 Tasa <strong>de</strong> participación <strong>de</strong> la población urbana en la actividad económica, por sexo<br />

Economic participation rate of urban population, by sex ............................................................................................................................. 40<br />

1.2.4 Tasa <strong>de</strong> participación <strong>de</strong> la población urbana en la actividad económica, por sexo y grupos <strong>de</strong> edad, 2004<br />

Economic participation rate of urban population, by sex and age group, 2004 ........................................................................................... 41<br />

Página<br />

Page


6 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

Página<br />

Page<br />

1.2.5 Estructura <strong>de</strong> la población ocupada total, por sector <strong>de</strong> actividad económica<br />

Structure of the total employed population, by sector of economic activity .................................................................................................. 42<br />

1.2.6 Estructura <strong>de</strong> la población ocupada masculina, por sector <strong>de</strong> actividad económica<br />

Structure of the male employed population, by sector of economic activity .................................................................................................. 43<br />

1.2.7 Estructura <strong>de</strong> la población ocupada femenina, por sector <strong>de</strong> actividad económica<br />

Structure of the female employed population, by sector of economic activity ............................................................................................... 44<br />

1.2.8 Estructura <strong>de</strong> la población ocupada urbana total, por sector <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, 2004<br />

Structure of the total urban employed population, by sector of economic activity, 2004 ............................................................................. 45<br />

1.2.9 Estructura <strong>de</strong> la población ocupada urbana masculina, por sector <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, 2004<br />

Structure of the urban male employed population, by sector of economic activity, 2004 ............................................................................. 46<br />

1.2.10 Estructura <strong>de</strong> la población ocupada urbana femenina, por sector <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, 2004<br />

Structure of the urban female employed population, by sector of economic activity, 2004 .......................................................................... 47<br />

1.2.11 Estructura <strong>de</strong> la población ocupada urbana total, por grupos ocupacionales, 2004<br />

Structure of the total urban employed population, by occupational group, 2004 ......................................................................................... 48<br />

1.2.12 Estructura <strong>de</strong> la población ocupada urbana masculina, por grupos ocupacionales, 2004<br />

Structure of the urban male employed population, by occupational group, 2004 ......................................................................................... 49<br />

1.2.13 Estructura <strong>de</strong> la población ocupada urbana femenina, por grupos ocupacionales, 2004<br />

Structure of the urban female employed population, by occupational group, 2004 ...................................................................................... 50<br />

1.2.14 Estructura <strong>de</strong> la población ocupada urbana total, por categoría ocupacional, 2004<br />

Structure of the total urban employed population, by category of employment, 2004 .................................................................................. 51<br />

1.2.15 Estructura <strong>de</strong> la población ocupada urbana masculina, por categoría ocupacional, 2004<br />

Structure of the urban male employed population, by category of employment, 2004 .................................................................................. 52<br />

1.2.16 Estructura <strong>de</strong> la población ocupada urbana femenina, por categoría ocupacional, 2004<br />

Structure of the urban female employed population, by category of employment, 2004 ............................................................................... 53<br />

1.2.17 Tasa <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sempleo / Unemployment rate ....................................................................................................................................................... 54<br />

1.2.18 Tasa <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sempleo abierto urbano, según sexo y años <strong>de</strong> estudios, 2004<br />

Urban open unemployment rate, by sex and years of schooling, 2004 .......................................................................................................... 55<br />

1.2.19 Tasa <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sempleo juvenil <strong>de</strong> las personas comprendidas entre 15 y 24 años, por sexo<br />

Unemployment rate of young people aged 15-24 years, by sex ..................................................................................................................... 56<br />

1.3 Educación / Education ................................................................................................................................................................. 57<br />

1.3.1 Población analfabeta <strong>de</strong> 15 y más años <strong>de</strong> edad, por sexo / Illiteracy in the population aged 15 years and over, by sex ............................. 57<br />

1.3.2 Población urbana analfabeta, por sexo y grupos <strong>de</strong> edad, 2004 / Illiteracy in the urban population, by sex and age group, 2004 .............. 58<br />

1.3.3 Tasa neta <strong>de</strong> matrícula en <strong>el</strong> primer niv<strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong> enseñanza / Net enrolment rate in fi rst-lev<strong>el</strong> education .......................................................... 59<br />

1.3.4 Tasa neta <strong>de</strong> matrícula en <strong>el</strong> segundo niv<strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong> enseñanza / Net enrolment rate in second-lev<strong>el</strong> education .................................................. 60<br />

1.3.5 Tasa bruta <strong>de</strong> matrícula en <strong>el</strong> tercer niv<strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong> enseñanza / Gross enrolment rate in third-lev<strong>el</strong> education ..................................................... 61<br />

1.3.6 Asistencia escolar en áreas urbanas, por quintiles <strong>de</strong> ingreso per cápita <strong>de</strong>l hogar, según sexo y grupos <strong>de</strong> edad, 2004<br />

School attendance in urban areas, by per capita household income quintile, by sex and age group, 2004 .................................................. 62<br />

1.3.7 Promedio <strong>de</strong> alumnos por maestro en <strong>el</strong> primer niv<strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong> enseñanza / Average number of pupils per teacher, in fi rst-lev<strong>el</strong> education ........ 63<br />

1.3.8 Promedio <strong>de</strong> alumnos por maestro en <strong>el</strong> segundo niv<strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong> enseñanza / Average number of pupils per teacher, in second-lev<strong>el</strong> education ...... 64<br />

1.3.9 Gasto público en educación / Public expenditure on education .................................................................................................................... 65<br />

1.3.10 Matrícula en <strong>el</strong> primer niv<strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong> enseñanza / Enrolment in fi rst-lev<strong>el</strong> education ............................................................................................<br />

1.3.11 Matrícula en <strong>el</strong> segundo niv<strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong> enseñanza / Enrolment in second-lev<strong>el</strong> education ....................................................................................<br />

1.3.12 Matrícula en <strong>el</strong> tercer niv<strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong> enseñanza / Enrolment in third-lev<strong>el</strong> education ............................................................................................<br />

1.3.13 Maestros en <strong>el</strong> primer niv<strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong> enseñanza / Teachers in fi rst-lev<strong>el</strong> education ...............................................................................................<br />

1.3.14 Maestros en <strong>el</strong> segundo niv<strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong> enseñanza / Teachers in second-lev<strong>el</strong> education ........................................................................................<br />

1.4 Salud / Health ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 66<br />

1.4.1 Indicadores s<strong>el</strong>eccionados <strong>de</strong> salud / S<strong>el</strong>ected health indicators ................................................................................................................... 66<br />

1.4.2 Tasa <strong>de</strong> mortalidad infantil, por quinquenios, por sexo / Infant mortality rate, by sex, by fi ve-year periods ................................................ 67<br />

1.4.3 Promedio <strong>de</strong> habitantes por médico / Average number of inhabitants per physician .................................................................................... 68<br />

1.4.4 Camas <strong>de</strong> hospital por cada 1.000 habitantes / Hospital beds per 1,000 inhabitants .................................................................................... 69<br />

1.4.5 Gasto público en salud / Public expenditure on health .................................................................................................................................. 70<br />

1.4.6 Médicos / Physicians .....................................................................................................................................................................................<br />

1.4.7 Camas <strong>de</strong> hospital / Hospital beds .................................................................................................................................................................<br />

1.5 Vivienda y servicios básicos / Housing and basic services ............................................................................ 71<br />

1.5.1 Disponibilidad <strong>de</strong> servicios en las viviendas, en áreas urbanas y rurales / Services available in dw<strong>el</strong>lings, urban and rural areas ............ 71<br />

1.5.2 Unida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> vivienda ocupadas, según tipo <strong>de</strong> tenencia, en áreas urbanas y rurales<br />

Occupied dw<strong>el</strong>ling units, by type of tenancy, urban and rural areas ............................................................................................................ 72<br />

1.5.3 Población con acceso sostenible a mejores fuentes <strong>de</strong> abastecimiento <strong>de</strong> agua potable y a mejores servicios <strong>de</strong> saneamiento, en áreas<br />

urbanas y rurales / Population with access to improved water sources of potable water and to improved sanitation, urban and rural areas..... 73<br />

1.5.4 Unida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> vivienda ocupadas, según tipo y disponibilidad <strong>de</strong> servicios en áreas urbanas y rurales<br />

Occupied dw<strong>el</strong>ling units, by type of services available, urban and rural areas ............................................................................................


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 7<br />

1.6 Pobreza y distribución <strong>de</strong>l ingreso / Poverty and income distribution .................................................... 74<br />

1.6.1 Personas en situación <strong>de</strong> pobreza e indigencia, en áreas urbanas y rurales / Poor and indigent population, urban and rural areas ........... 74<br />

1.6.2 Coefi ciente <strong>de</strong> la brecha <strong>de</strong> pobreza e indigencia / Poverty and extreme poverty gap coeffi cient ................................................................. 75<br />

1.6.3 Distribución <strong>de</strong>l ingreso <strong>de</strong> las personas, en áreas urbanas y rurales / Distribution of national income, urban and rural areas ................. 76<br />

1.6.4 Índice <strong>de</strong> Gini, en áreas urbanas y rurales / Gini coeffi cient, urban and rural areas .................................................................................... 79<br />

1.7 Género / Gen<strong>de</strong>r ............................................................................................................................................................................... 80<br />

1.7.1 R<strong>el</strong>ación <strong>de</strong> salarios entre los géneros, según años <strong>de</strong> estudio aprobados / Gen<strong>de</strong>r wage ratio, by years of education completed .............. 80<br />

1.7.2 Proporción <strong>de</strong> mujeres entre los empleados remunerados en <strong>el</strong> sector no agrícola<br />

Share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sector ............................................................................................................ 81<br />

1.7.3 Proporción <strong>de</strong> puestos ocupados por mujeres en <strong>el</strong> parlamento nacional / Proportion of seats h<strong>el</strong>d by women in national parliament ...... 82<br />

2. Estadísticas económicas / Economic statistics ................................................................................... 83<br />

2.1 Cuentas nacionales / National accounts ......................................................................................................................... 85<br />

2.1.1 Cuentas nacionales <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, en dólares<br />

National accounts of Latin America and the Caribbean, in dollars ............................................................................................. 85<br />

2.1.1.1 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: tasas <strong>de</strong> variación <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: growth rates of gross domestic product ................................................................................................. 85<br />

2.1.1.2 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: tasas <strong>de</strong> variación <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto por habitante<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: growth rates of per capita gross domestic product ................................................................................ 86<br />

2.1.1.3 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: producto interno bruto total, a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: gross domestic product, at constant market prices ................................................................................ 87<br />

2.1.1.4 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: producto interno bruto por habitante, a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: per capita gross domestic product, at constant market prices .............................................................. 88<br />

2.1.1.5 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: producto interno bruto total, a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: gross domestic product, at current market prices .................................................................................. 89<br />

2.1.1.6 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: producto interno bruto por habitante, a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: per capita gross domestic product, at current market prices ................................................................ 90<br />

2.1.1.7 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at constant market prices ................................. 91<br />

2.1.1.8 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: tasas <strong>de</strong> variación <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: growth rates of gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity .................................................. 91<br />

2.1.1.9 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong>: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at constant market prices ................................................................ 92<br />

2.1.1.10 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong>: tasas <strong>de</strong> variación <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica<br />

Latin America: growth rates of gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity ................................................................................. 92<br />

2.1.1.11 Caribe: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Caribbean: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at constant market prices ...................................................................... 93<br />

2.1.1.12 Caribe: tasas <strong>de</strong> variación <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica<br />

Caribbean: growth rates of gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity ....................................................................................... 93<br />

2.1.1.13 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: valor agregado <strong>de</strong> la agricultura, caza, silvicultura y pesca a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: aggregate value of agriculture, hunting, forestry and fi shing at constant market prices ...................... 94<br />

2.1.1.14 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: valor agregado <strong>de</strong> la explotación <strong>de</strong> minas y canteras, a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: aggregate value of mining and quarrying, at constant market prices ................................................... 95<br />

2.1.1.15 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: valor agregado <strong>de</strong> las industrias manufactureras, a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: aggregate value of manufacturing, at constant market prices ............................................................... 96<br />

2.1.1.16 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: valor agregado <strong>de</strong> los sectores <strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong>ectricidad, gas y agua, a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: aggregate value of the <strong>el</strong>ectricity, gas and water sectors, at constant market prices............................ 97<br />

2.1.1.17 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: valor agregado <strong>de</strong> la construcción, a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: aggregate value of construction, at constant market prices .................................................................. 98<br />

2.1.1.18 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: valor agregado <strong>de</strong>l comercio al por mayor y al por menor, hot<strong>el</strong>es, bares y restaurantes, a precios<br />

constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado / Latin America and the Caribbean: aggregate value of wholesale and retail tra<strong>de</strong>, hot<strong>el</strong>s, bars and<br />

restaurants, at constant market prices ........................................................................................................................................................... 99<br />

2.1.1.19 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: valor agregado <strong>de</strong>l transporte, almacenamiento y comunicaciones, a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: aggregate value of transport, storage and communications, at constant market prices ....................... 100<br />

2.1.1.20 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: valor agregado <strong>de</strong> los establecimientos fi nancieros, seguros, bienes inmuebles y servicios prestados a las<br />

empresas, a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado / Latin America and the Caribbean: aggregate value of fi nance, insurance, real estate and<br />

business services, at constant market prices .................................................................................................................................................. 101<br />

2.1.1.21 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: valor agregado <strong>de</strong> los servicios comunales, sociales y personales a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: aggregate value of community, social and personal services, at constant market prices ..................... 102<br />

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8 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

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2.1.1.22 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: valor agregado total <strong>de</strong> la actividad económica, a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: total aggregate value of economic activity, at constant market prices .................................................. 103<br />

2.1.1.23 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at current market prices ................................... 104<br />

2.1.1.24 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong>: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at current market prices .................................................................. 104<br />

2.1.1.25 Caribe: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Caribbean: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at current market prices ........................................................................ 105<br />

2.1.1.26 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: valor agregado <strong>de</strong> la agricultura, caza, silvicultura y pesca a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: aggregate value of agriculture, hunting, forestry and fi shing at current market prices ........................ 106<br />

2.1.1.27 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: valor agregado <strong>de</strong> la explotación <strong>de</strong> minas y canteras, a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: aggregate value of mining and quarrying, at current market prices ..................................................... 107<br />

2.1.1.28 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: valor agregado <strong>de</strong> las industrias manufactureras, a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: aggregate value of manufacturing, at current market prices ................................................................. 108<br />

2.1.1.29 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: valor agregado <strong>de</strong> los sectores <strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong>ectricidad, gas y agua, a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: aggregate value of the <strong>el</strong>ectricity, gas and water sectors, at current market prices ............................. 109<br />

2.1.1.30 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: valor agregado <strong>de</strong> la construcción, a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: aggregate value of construction, at current market prices .................................................................... 110<br />

2.1.1.31 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: valor agregado <strong>de</strong>l comercio al por mayor y al por menor, hot<strong>el</strong>es, bares y restaurantes, a precios corrientes<br />

<strong>de</strong> mercado / Latin America and the Caribbean: aggregate value of wholesale and retail tra<strong>de</strong>, hot<strong>el</strong>s, bars and restaurants, at current<br />

market prices .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 111<br />

2.1.1.32 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: valor agregado <strong>de</strong>l transporte, almacenamiento y comunicaciones, a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: aggregate value of transport, storage and communications, at current market prices ......................... 112<br />

2.1.1.33 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: valor agregado <strong>de</strong> los establecimientos fi nancieros, seguros, bienes inmuebles y servicios prestados a las<br />

empresas, a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado / Latin America and the Caribbean: aggregate value of fi nance, insurance, real estate and<br />

business services, at current market prices .................................................................................................................................................... 113<br />

2.1.1.34 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: valor agregado <strong>de</strong> los servicios comunales, sociales y personales a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: aggregate value of community, social and personal services, at current market prices ....................... 114<br />

2.1.1.35 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: valor agregado total <strong>de</strong> la actividad económica, a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: total aggregate value of economic activity, at current market prices .................................................... 115<br />

2.1.1.36 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong>: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at constant market prices .......................................................................... 116<br />

2.1.1.37 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong>: tasas <strong>de</strong> variación <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America: growth rates of gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at constant market prices ................................................ 116<br />

2.1.1.38 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: gasto <strong>de</strong> consumo fi nal <strong>de</strong>l gobierno general, a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: fi nal consumption expenditure by general government, at constant market prices ............................... 117<br />

2.1.1.39 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: gasto privado <strong>de</strong> consumo fi nal, a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: private fi nal consumption expenditure, at constant market prices ........................................................ 118<br />

2.1.1.40 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: variación <strong>de</strong> existencias, a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: inventory changes, at constant market prices ........................................................................................ 119<br />

2.1.1.41 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: formación bruta <strong>de</strong> capital, a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: gross capital formation, at constant market prices ............................................................................... 120<br />

2.1.1.42 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: formación bruta <strong>de</strong> capital fi jo, a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: fi xed gross capital formation, at constant market prices ...................................................................... 121<br />

2.1.1.43 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: formación bruta <strong>de</strong> capital fi jo en construcción, a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: fi xed gross capital formation in construction, at constant market prices ............................................. 122<br />

2.1.1.44 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: formación bruta <strong>de</strong> capital fi jo en maquinaria, equipos y otros, a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: fi xed gross capital formation in machinery, equipment, and other goods, at constant market prices ....... 123<br />

2.1.1.45 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios, a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: exports of goods and services, at constant market prices ..................................................................... 124<br />

2.1.1.46 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios, a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: imports of goods and services, at constant market prices .................................................................... 125<br />

2.1.1.47 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at current market prices ............................................. 126<br />

2.1.1.48 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong>: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at current market prices ............................................................................ 126<br />

2.1.1.49 Caribe: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Caribbean: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at current market prices ................................................................................. 127<br />

2.1.1.50 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: gasto <strong>de</strong> consumo fi nal <strong>de</strong>l gobierno general, a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: fi nal consumption expenditure by general government, at current market prices ................................. 128<br />

2.1.1.51 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: gasto privado <strong>de</strong> consumo fi nal, a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: private fi nal consumption expenditure, at current market prices .......................................................... 129<br />

2.1.1.52 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: variación <strong>de</strong> existencias, a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: inventory changes, at current market prices .......................................................................................... 130


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2.1.1.53 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: formación bruta <strong>de</strong> capital, a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: gross capital formation, at current market prices ................................................................................. 131<br />

2.1.1.54 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: formación bruta <strong>de</strong> capital fi jo, a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: fi xed gross capital formation, at current market prices ........................................................................ 132<br />

2.1.1.55 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: formación bruta <strong>de</strong> capital fi jo en construcción, a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: fi xed gross capital formation in construction, at current market prices ............................................... 133<br />

2.1.1.56 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: formación bruta <strong>de</strong> capital fi jo en maquinaria, equipos y otros, a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: fi xed gross capital formation in machinery, equipment, and other goods, at current market prices ......... 134<br />

2.1.1.57 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios, a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: exports of goods and services, at current market prices ...................................................................... 135<br />

2.1.1.58 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios, a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: imports of goods and services, at current market prices ...................................................................... 136<br />

2.1.1.59 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong>: ingreso nacional real disponible, a precios constantes<br />

Latin America: real national disposable income, at constant prices ............................................................................................................ 137<br />

2.1.1.60 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong>: ingreso nacional bruto, a precios corrientes / Latin America: gross national income, at current prices ........................... 138<br />

2.1.1.61 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong>: pagos por factores al resto <strong>de</strong>l mundo / Latin America: factor payments to the rest of the world ..................................... 139<br />

2.1.1.62 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong>: transferencias corrientes netas proce<strong>de</strong>ntes <strong>de</strong>l resto <strong>de</strong>l mundo<br />

Latin America: net current transfers from the rest of the world .................................................................................................................... 140<br />

2.1.1.63 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong>: ingreso nacional bruto disponible, a precios corrientes<br />

Latin America: available gross national income at current prices................................................................................................................ 141<br />

2.1.1.64 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong>: fi nanciamiento <strong>de</strong> la formación interna bruta <strong>de</strong> capital, a precios corrientes<br />

Latin America: fi nancing of gross domestic capital formation, at current prices ......................................................................................... 142<br />

2.1.1.65 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong>: formación interna bruta <strong>de</strong> capital, a precios corrientes<br />

Latin America: gross domestic capital formation, at current prices ............................................................................................................. 143<br />

2.1.1.66 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: grado <strong>de</strong> apertura <strong>de</strong> la economía, a precios corrientes<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: <strong>de</strong>gree of openness of the economy, at current prices ........................................................................... 144<br />

2.1.1.67 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: brecha externa, a precios corrientes / Latin America and the Caribbean: external <strong>de</strong>bt, at current prices ..... 145<br />

2.1.1.68 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: <strong>de</strong>fl actor implícito <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: implicit GDP <strong>de</strong>fl ator, at market prices ................................................................................................. 146<br />

2.1.1.69 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: discrepancia generada en <strong>el</strong> cálculo <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica,<br />

a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> mercado / Latin America and the Caribbean: difference in the calculation of gross domestic product<br />

by kind of economic activity, at constant market prices ................................................................................................................................<br />

2.1.1.70 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: discrepancia generada en <strong>el</strong> cálculo <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica,<br />

a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado / Latin America and the Caribbean: difference in the calculation of gross domestic product<br />

by kind of economic activity, at current market prices ..................................................................................................................................<br />

2.1.1.71 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: discrepancia generada en <strong>el</strong> cálculo <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios constantes<br />

<strong>de</strong> mercado / Latin America and the Caribbean: difference in the calculation of gross domestic product by type of expenditure,<br />

at constant market prices ...............................................................................................................................................................................<br />

2.1.1.72 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: discrepancia generada en <strong>el</strong> cálculo <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios corrientes<br />

<strong>de</strong> mercado / Latin America and the Caribbean: difference in the calculation of gross domestic product by type of expenditure,<br />

at current market prices .................................................................................................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2 Cuentas nacionales <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe por país, en moneda nacional<br />

National accounts of Latin America and the Caribbean by country, in local currency ..........................................................<br />

2.1.2.1 Antigua y Barbuda: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado /<br />

Antigua and Barbuda: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices.............................................................................<br />

2.1.2.2 Antigua y Barbuda: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado /<br />

Antigua and Barbuda: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices ...................................................................<br />

2.1.2.3 Argentina: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado /<br />

Argentina: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices ...............................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.4 Argentina: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado /<br />

Argentina: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices ......................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.5 Bahamas: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado /<br />

Bahamas: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices ................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.6 Bahamas: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado /<br />

Bahamas: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices .......................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.7 Barbados: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado /<br />

Barbados: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices ................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.8 Barbados: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado /<br />

Barbados: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices ......................................................................................


10 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1.2.9 B<strong>el</strong>ice: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ize: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices ....................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.10 B<strong>el</strong>ice: r<strong>el</strong>aciones entre los principales agregados <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ize: r<strong>el</strong>ationships among main national accounts aggregates ..................................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.11 B<strong>el</strong>ice: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ize: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices ............................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.12 Bolivia: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Bolivia: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices ....................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.13 Bolivia: r<strong>el</strong>aciones entre los principales agregados <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales<br />

Bolivia: r<strong>el</strong>ationships among main national accounts aggregates ................................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.14 Bolivia: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Bolivia: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices ..........................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.15 Brasil: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Brazil: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices .....................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.16 Brasil: r<strong>el</strong>aciones entre los principales agregados <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales<br />

Brazil: r<strong>el</strong>ationships among main national accounts aggregates ..................................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.17 Brasil: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Brazil: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices ............................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.18 Chile: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Chile: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices ......................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.19 Chile: r<strong>el</strong>aciones entre los principales agregados <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales<br />

Chile: r<strong>el</strong>ationships among main national accounts aggregates ...................................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.20 Chile: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Chile: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices .............................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.21 Chile: ingresos y gastos <strong>de</strong>l gobierno general / Chile: income and expenditure of general government ......................................................<br />

2.1.2.22 Colombia: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Colombia: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices ...............................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.23 Colombia: r<strong>el</strong>aciones entre los principales agregados <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales<br />

Colombia: r<strong>el</strong>ationships among main national accounts aggregates ............................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.24 Colombia: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Colombia: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices ......................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.25 Colombia: ingresos y gastos <strong>de</strong> los hogares, incluidas las empresas no fi nancieras no constituidas en sociedad<br />

Colombia: income and expenditure of households, including private unincorporated non-fi nancial enterprises ........................................<br />

2.1.2.26 Colombia: ingresos y gastos <strong>de</strong>l gobierno general / Colombia: income and expenditure of general government ........................................<br />

2.1.2.27 Costa Rica: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Costa Rica: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices .............................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.28 Costa Rica: r<strong>el</strong>aciones entre los principales agregados <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales<br />

Costa Rica: r<strong>el</strong>ationships among main national accounts aggregates ..........................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.29 Costa Rica: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Costa Rica: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices ....................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.30 Cuba: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Cuba: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices ......................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.31 Cuba: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Cuba: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices .............................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.32 Dominica: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Dominica: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices ...............................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.33 Dominica: r<strong>el</strong>aciones entre los principales agregados <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales<br />

Dominica: r<strong>el</strong>ationships among main national accounts aggregates ............................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.34 Dominica: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Dominica: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices ......................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.35 Ecuador: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Ecuador: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices .................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.36 Ecuador: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Ecuador: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices ........................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.37 El Salvador: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

El Salvador: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices ............................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.38 El Salvador: r<strong>el</strong>aciones entre los principales agregados <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales<br />

El Salvador: r<strong>el</strong>ationships among main national accounts aggregates .........................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.39 El Salvador: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

El Salvador: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices ...................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.40 Granada: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Grenada: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices .................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.41 Granada: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Grenada: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices ........................................................................................<br />

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2.1.2.42 Guatemala: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Guatemala: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices .............................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.43 Guatemala: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Guatemala: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices ....................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.44 Guyana: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Guyana: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices ..................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.45 Guyana: r<strong>el</strong>aciones entre los principales agregados <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales<br />

Guyana: r<strong>el</strong>ationships among main national accounts aggregates ...............................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.46 Guyana: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Guyana: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices .........................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.47 Haití: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Haiti: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices .......................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.48 Haití: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Haiti: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices .............................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.49 Honduras: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Honduras: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices ...............................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.50 Honduras: r<strong>el</strong>aciones entre los principales agregados <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales<br />

Honduras: r<strong>el</strong>ationships among main national accounts aggregates ............................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.51 Honduras: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Honduras: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices ......................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.52 Jamaica: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Jamaica: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices ..................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.53 Jamaica: r<strong>el</strong>aciones entre los principales agregados <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales<br />

Jamaica: r<strong>el</strong>ationships among main national accounts aggregates ..............................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.54 Jamaica: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Jamaica: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices ........................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.55 México: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Mexico: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices ...................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.56 México: r<strong>el</strong>aciones entre los principales agregados <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales<br />

Mexico: r<strong>el</strong>ationships among main national accounts aggregates ................................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.57 México: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Mexico: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices ..........................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.58 Nicaragua: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Nicaragua: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices ..............................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.59 Nicaragua: r<strong>el</strong>aciones entre los principales agregados <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales<br />

Nicaragua: r<strong>el</strong>ationships among main national accounts aggregates ...........................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.60 Nicaragua: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Nicaragua: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices .....................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.61 Panamá: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Panama: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices ..................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.62 Panamá: r<strong>el</strong>aciones entre los principales agregados <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales<br />

Panama: r<strong>el</strong>ationships among main national accounts aggregates ...............................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.63 Panamá: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Panama: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices .........................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.64 Panamá: ingresos y gastos <strong>de</strong>l gobierno general<br />

Panama: income and expenditure of general government .............................................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.65 Paraguay: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Paraguay: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices ................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.66 Paraguay: r<strong>el</strong>aciones entre los principales agregados <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales<br />

Paraguay: r<strong>el</strong>ationships among main national accounts aggregates ............................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.67 Paraguay: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Paraguay: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices ......................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.68 Perú: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Peru: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices ........................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.69 Perú: r<strong>el</strong>aciones entre los principales agregados <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales<br />

Peru: r<strong>el</strong>ationships among main national accounts aggregates ....................................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.70 Perú: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Peru: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices ..............................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.71 República Dominicana: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Dominican Republic: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices ..............................................................................<br />

2.1.2.72 República Dominicana: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Dominican Republic: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices .....................................................................<br />

2.1.2.73 Saint Kitts y Nevis: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Saint Kitts and Nevis: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices..............................................................................<br />

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12 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1.2.74 Saint Kitts y Nevis: r<strong>el</strong>aciones entre los principales agregados <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales<br />

Saint Kitts and Nevis: r<strong>el</strong>ationships among main national accounts aggregates ..........................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.75 Saint Kitts y Nevis: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Saint Kitts and Nevis: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices ....................................................................<br />

2.1.2.76 San Vicente y las Granadinas: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices ..........................................................<br />

2.1.2.77 San Vicente y las Granadinas: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices ................................................<br />

2.1.2.78 Santa Lucía: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Saint Lucia: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices .............................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.79 Santa Lucía: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Saint Lucia: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices ..................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.80 Suriname: r<strong>el</strong>aciones entre los principales agregados <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales<br />

Suriname: r<strong>el</strong>ationships among main national accounts aggregates ............................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.81 Suriname: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Suriname: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices ......................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.82 Trinidad y Tabago: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Trinidad and Tobago: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices ..............................................................................<br />

2.1.2.83 Trinidad y Tabago: r<strong>el</strong>aciones entre los principales agregados <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales<br />

Trinidad and Tobago: r<strong>el</strong>ationships among main national accounts aggregates ..........................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.84 Trinidad y Tabago: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Trinidad and Tobago: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices ....................................................................<br />

2.1.2.85 Uruguay: producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Uruguay: gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices .................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.86 Uruguay: r<strong>el</strong>aciones entre los principales agregados <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales<br />

Uruguay: r<strong>el</strong>ationships among main national accounts aggregates .............................................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.87 Uruguay: producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Uruguay: gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices .......................................................................................<br />

2.1.2.88 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>): producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of): gross domestic product, by type of expenditure, at market prices .......................................................<br />

2.1.2.89 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>): r<strong>el</strong>aciones entre los principales agregados <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of): r<strong>el</strong>ationships among main national accounts aggregates....................................................................<br />

2.1.2.90 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>): producto interno bruto por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica, a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of): gross domestic product, by kind of economic activity, at market prices..............................................<br />

2.2 Sector externo / External sector ........................................................................................................................................... 147<br />

2.2.1 Balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos / Balance of payments ......................................................................................................................................... 147<br />

2.2.1.1 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe / Latin America and the Caribbean ................................................................................................................... 147<br />

2.2.1.2 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> / Latin America..................................................................................................................................................................... 148<br />

2.2.1.3 Caribe / Caribbean ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 149<br />

2.2.1.4 Asociación Latinoamericana <strong>de</strong> Integración (ALADI) / Latin American Integration Association (LAIA) .................................................. 150<br />

2.2.1.5 Comunidad Andina / An<strong>de</strong>an Community ..................................................................................................................................................... 151<br />

2.2.1.6 Mercado Común <strong>de</strong>l Sur (Mercosur) / Common Market of the Southern Cone (MERCOSUR) ................................................................... 152<br />

2.2.1.7 Mercado Común Centroamericano (MCCA) / Central American Common Market (CACM) ...................................................................... 153<br />

2.2.1.8 Antigua y Barbuda / Antigua and Barbuda .................................................................................................................................................. 154<br />

2.2.1.9 Argentina ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 155<br />

2.2.1.10 Bahamas ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 156<br />

2.2.1.11 Barbados ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 157<br />

2.2.1.12 B<strong>el</strong>ice / B<strong>el</strong>ize ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 158<br />

2.2.1.13 Bolivia ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 159<br />

2.2.1.14 Brasil / Brazil ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 160<br />

2.2.1.15 Chile ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 161<br />

2.2.1.16 Colombia ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 162<br />

2.2.1.17 Costa Rica ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 163<br />

2.2.1.18 Cuba .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 164<br />

2.2.1.19 Dominica ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 165<br />

2.2.1.20 Ecuador .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 166<br />

2.2.1.21 El Salvador ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 167<br />

2.2.1.22 Granada / Grenada ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 168<br />

2.2.1.23 Guatemala ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 169<br />

2.2.1.24 Guyana ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 170<br />

2.2.1.25 Haití / Haiti .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 171<br />

2.2.1.26 Honduras ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 172<br />

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2.2.1.27 Jamaica ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 173<br />

2.2.1.28 México / Mexico............................................................................................................................................................................................. 174<br />

2.2.1.29 Nicaragua ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 175<br />

2.2.1.30 Panamá / Panama ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 176<br />

2.2.1.31 Paraguay ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 177<br />

2.2.1.32 Perú / Peru ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 178<br />

2.2.1.33 República Dominicana / Dominican Republic ............................................................................................................................................... 179<br />

2.2.1.34 Saint Kitts y Nevis / Saint Kitts and Nevis .................................................................................................................................................... 180<br />

2.2.1.35 San Vicente y las Granadinas / Saint Vincent and the Grenadines ................................................................................................................ 181<br />

2.2.1.36 Santa Lucía / Saint Lucia .............................................................................................................................................................................. 182<br />

2.2.1.37 Suriname ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 183<br />

2.2.1.38 Trinidad y Tabago / Trinidad and Tobago ...................................................................................................................................................... 184<br />

2.2.1.39 Uruguay.......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 185<br />

2.2.1.40 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) / Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) ................................................................................................ 186<br />

2.2.2 Comercio exterior <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios / External tra<strong>de</strong> of goods and services .................................................................. 187<br />

2.2.2.1 Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> productos primarios según su participación en <strong>el</strong> total / Exports of primary products as percentage of total exports ..... 187<br />

2.2.2.2 Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> productos manufacturados según su participación en <strong>el</strong> total<br />

Exports of manufactured products as percentage of total exports ................................................................................................................. 188<br />

2.2.2.3 Exportaciones totales FOB por grupos <strong>de</strong> productos: productos primarios / Total exports f.o.b., by product group: primary products ...... 189<br />

2.2.2.4 Exportaciones totales FOB por grupos <strong>de</strong> productos: productos manufacturados<br />

Total exports f.o.b., by product group: manufactured products .................................................................................................................... 190<br />

2.2.2.5 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación porcentual<br />

en cada año / Latin America and the Caribbean: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage share each year ...... 191<br />

2.2.2.6 Asociación Latinoamericana <strong>de</strong> Integración: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación<br />

porcentual en cada año / Latin American Integration Association: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage<br />

share each year .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 192<br />

2.2.2.7 Comunidad Andina: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación porcentual<br />

en cada año / An<strong>de</strong>an Community: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage share each year ...................... 193<br />

2.2.2.8 Mercado Común Centroamericano: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación<br />

porcentual en cada año / Central American Common Market: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their<br />

percentage share each year ............................................................................................................................................................................ 194<br />

2.2.2.9 Mercado Común <strong>de</strong>l Sur: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación porcentual en<br />

cada año / Common Market of the Southern Cone: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage share each year........ 195<br />

2.2.2.10 Mercado Común <strong>de</strong>l Sur, Bolivia y Chile: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación<br />

porcentual en cada año / Common Market of the Southern Cone, Bolivia and Chile: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1),<br />

by their percentage share each year .............................................................................................................................................................. 196<br />

2.2.2.11 Argentina: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación porcentual en cada año<br />

Argentina: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage share each year ............................................................ 197<br />

2.2.2.12 Barbados: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación porcentual en cada año<br />

Barbados: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage share each year ............................................................ 198<br />

2.2.2.13 B<strong>el</strong>ice: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación porcentual en cada año<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ize: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage share each year .................................................................. 199<br />

2.2.2.14 Bolivia: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación porcentual en cada año<br />

Bolivia: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage share each year ................................................................ 200<br />

2.2.2.15 Brasil: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación porcentual en cada año<br />

Brazil: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage share each year .................................................................. 201<br />

2.2.2.16 Chile: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación porcentual en cada año<br />

Chile: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage share each year ................................................................... 202<br />

2.2.2.17 Colombia: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación porcentual en cada año /<br />

Colombia: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage share each year ............................................................ 203<br />

2.2.2.18 Costa Rica: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación porcentual en cada año<br />

Costa Rica: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage share each year .......................................................... 204<br />

2.2.2.19 Dominica: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación porcentual en cada año<br />

Dominica: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage share each year ............................................................ 205<br />

2.2.2.20 Ecuador: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación porcentual en cada año<br />

Ecuador: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage share each year .............................................................. 206<br />

2.2.2.21 El Salvador: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación porcentual en cada año<br />

El Salvador: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage share each year ......................................................... 207<br />

2.2.2.22 Guatemala: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación porcentual en cada año<br />

Guatemala: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage share each year .......................................................... 208<br />

2.2.2.23 Honduras: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación porcentual en cada año<br />

Honduras: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage share each year ............................................................ 209<br />

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2.2.2.24 Jamaica: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación porcentual en cada año<br />

Jamaica: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage share each year............................................................... 210<br />

2.2.2.25 México: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación porcentual en cada año<br />

Mexico: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage share each year ................................................................ 211<br />

2.2.2.26 Nicaragua: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación porcentual en cada año<br />

Nicaragua: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage share each year ........................................................... 212<br />

2.2.2.27 Panamá: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación porcentual en cada año<br />

Panama: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage share each year ............................................................... 213<br />

2.2.2.28 Paraguay: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación porcentual en cada año<br />

Paraguay: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage share each year ............................................................. 214<br />

2.2.2.29 Perú: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación porcentual en cada año<br />

Peru: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage share each year .................................................................... 215<br />

2.2.2.30 Trinidad y Tabago: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación porcentual en cada año<br />

Trinidad and Tobago: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage share each year .......................................... 216<br />

2.2.2.31 Uruguay: exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación porcentual en cada año<br />

Uruguay: exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage share each year .............................................................. 217<br />

2.2.2.32 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>): exportación <strong>de</strong> los 10 productos principales conforme a la CUCI Rev.1, según participación porcentual<br />

en cada año / Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of): exports of the 10 leading products (SITC, Rev. 1), by their percentage share each year ......... 218<br />

2.2.2.33 Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes según sectores <strong>de</strong> actividad económica: agricultura, caza, silvicultura y pesca<br />

Exports of goods by sector of economic activity: agriculture, hunting, forestry and fi shing ........................................................................ 219<br />

2.2.2.34 Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes según sectores <strong>de</strong> actividad económica: explotación <strong>de</strong> minas y canteras<br />

Exports of goods by sector of economic activity: mining and quarrying ...................................................................................................... 220<br />

2.2.2.35 Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes según sectores <strong>de</strong> actividad económica: industrias <strong>de</strong> alimentos, bebidas y tabaco<br />

Exports of goods by sector of economic activity: food, beverage and tobacco industries ........................................................................... 221<br />

2.2.2.36 Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes según sectores <strong>de</strong> actividad económica: otras industrias, principalmente <strong>de</strong> bienes <strong>de</strong> consumo no dura<strong>de</strong>ros<br />

Exports of goods by sector of economic activity: other manufacturing industries, mainly of non-durable consumer goods ...................... 222<br />

2.2.2.37 Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes según sectores <strong>de</strong> actividad económica: industrias, principalmente <strong>de</strong> bienes intermedios<br />

Exports of goods by sector of economic activity: manufacturing industries, mainly of intermediate goods ............................................... 223<br />

2.2.2.38 Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes según sectores <strong>de</strong> actividad económica: industrias metalmecánicas<br />

Exports of goods by sector of economic activity: metal manufactures and machinery industries ............................................................... 224<br />

2.2.2.39 Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes por gran<strong>de</strong>s categorías económicas: bienes <strong>de</strong> consumo<br />

Imports of goods by broad economic categories: consumer goods .............................................................................................................. 225<br />

2.2.2.40 Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes por gran<strong>de</strong>s categorías económicas: bienes intermedios<br />

Imports of goods by broad economic categories: intermediate goods ......................................................................................................... 226<br />

2.2.2.41 Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes por gran<strong>de</strong>s categorías económicas: bienes <strong>de</strong> capital<br />

Imports of goods by broad economic categories: capital goods .................................................................................................................. 227<br />

2.2.2.42 Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes por gran<strong>de</strong>s categorías económicas: carburantes<br />

Imports of goods by broad economic categories: fu<strong>el</strong>s and lubricants ........................................................................................................ 228<br />

2.2.2.43 Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes por gran<strong>de</strong>s categorías económicas: vehículos automotores <strong>de</strong> pasajeros<br />

Imports of goods by broad economic categories: passenger motor vehicles ................................................................................................ 229<br />

2.2.2.44 Exportaciones intrarregionales / Intraregional exports ................................................................................................................................. 230<br />

2.2.2.45 Importaciones intrarregionales / Intraregional imports ................................................................................................................................ 231<br />

2.2.2.46 Comercio intrarregional total <strong>de</strong> bienes, 1995 / Total intraregional tra<strong>de</strong> in goods, 1995 ............................................................................ 232<br />

2.2.2.47 Comercio intrarregional total <strong>de</strong> bienes, 1996 / Total intraregional tra<strong>de</strong> in goods, 1996 ............................................................................ 234<br />

2.2.2.48 Comercio intrarregional total <strong>de</strong> bienes, 1997 / Total intraregional tra<strong>de</strong> in goods, 1997 ............................................................................ 236<br />

2.2.2.49 Comercio intrarregional total <strong>de</strong> bienes, 1998 / Total intraregional tra<strong>de</strong> in goods, 1998 ............................................................................ 238<br />

2.2.2.50 Comercio intrarregional total <strong>de</strong> bienes, 1999 / Total intraregional tra<strong>de</strong> in goods, 1999 ............................................................................ 240<br />

2.2.2.51 Comercio intrarregional total <strong>de</strong> bienes, 2000 / Total intraregional tra<strong>de</strong> in goods, 2000 ............................................................................ 242<br />

2.2.2.52 Comercio intrarregional total <strong>de</strong> bienes, 2001 / Total intraregional tra<strong>de</strong> in goods, 2001 ............................................................................ 244<br />

2.2.2.53 Comercio intrarregional total <strong>de</strong> bienes, 2002 / Total intraregional tra<strong>de</strong> in goods, 2002 ............................................................................ 246<br />

2.2.2.54 Comercio intrarregional total <strong>de</strong> bienes, 2003 / Total intraregional tra<strong>de</strong> in goods, 2003 ............................................................................ 248<br />

2.2.2.55 Comercio intrarregional total <strong>de</strong> bienes, 2004 / Total intraregional tra<strong>de</strong> in goods, 2004 ............................................................................ 250<br />

2.2.2.56 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: exportaciones totales <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: exports of goods, f.o.b., 1980-2004 ........................................................................................................ 252<br />

2.2.2.57 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: importaciones totales <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: imports of goods, f.o.b., 1980-2004 ....................................................................................................... 253<br />

2.2.2.58 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: exportaciones totales <strong>de</strong> servicios, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: exports of services, 1980-2004 .............................................................................................................. 254<br />

2.2.2.59 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: importaciones totales <strong>de</strong> servicios, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: imports of services, 1980-2004 .............................................................................................................. 255<br />

2.2.2.60 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: exportaciones <strong>de</strong> servicios <strong>de</strong> transporte, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: exports of transportation services, 1980-2004 ...................................................................................... 256<br />

2.2.2.61 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: importaciones <strong>de</strong> servicios <strong>de</strong> transporte, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: imports of transportation services, 1980-2004 ...................................................................................... 257


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2.2.2.62 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: exportaciones <strong>de</strong> servicios <strong>de</strong> viajes, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: exports of trav<strong>el</strong> services, 1980-2004 .................................................................................................... 258<br />

2.2.2.63 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: importaciones <strong>de</strong> servicios <strong>de</strong> viajes, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: imports of trav<strong>el</strong> services, 1980-2004 ................................................................................................... 259<br />

2.2.2.64 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: exportaciones <strong>de</strong> otros servicios, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: exports of other services, 1980-2004 .................................................................................................... 260<br />

2.2.2.65 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: importaciones <strong>de</strong> otros servicios, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: imports of other services, 1980-2004 .................................................................................................... 261<br />

2.2.2.66 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: valor <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones totales <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: exports of goods and services, 1980-2004 ............................................................................................. 262<br />

2.2.2.67 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: valor <strong>de</strong> las importaciones totales <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: imports of goods and services, 1980-2004 ............................................................................................ 263<br />

2.2.3. Indicadores <strong>de</strong>l sector externo / External sector indicators ......................................................................................................... 264<br />

2.2.3.1 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: saldo en cuenta corriente, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: balance on current account, 1980-2004 ................................................................................................ 264<br />

2.2.3.2 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: saldo en cuenta corriente como porcentaje <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto, 1990-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: balance on current account as percentage of GDP, 1990-2004 ............................................................ 265<br />

2.2.3.3 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: saldo <strong>de</strong> bienes, 1980-2004 / Latin America and the Caribbean: balance on goods, 1980-2004 .................. 266<br />

2.2.3.4 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: saldo <strong>de</strong> servicios, 1980-2004 / Latin America and the Caribbean: balance on services, 1980-2004 ........... 267<br />

2.2.3.5 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: saldo en renta, 1980-2004 / Latin America and the Caribbean: balance on income, 1980-2004 .................. 268<br />

2.2.3.6 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: saldo <strong>de</strong> transferencias corrientes, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: balance on current transfers, 1980-2004 .............................................................................................. 269<br />

2.2.3.7 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: índices <strong>de</strong>l quántum <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: volume indices for exports of goods, f.o.b., 1980-2004 ......................................................................... 270<br />

2.2.3.8 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: índices <strong>de</strong>l quántum <strong>de</strong> las importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: volume indices for imports of goods, f.o.b., 1980-2004 ........................................................................ 271<br />

2.2.3.9 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: índices <strong>de</strong>l valor unitario <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: unit value indices for exports of goods, f.o.b., 1980-2004 .................................................................... 272<br />

2.2.3.10 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: índices <strong>de</strong>l valor unitario <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: unit value indices for exports of goods and services, 1980-2004 ......................................................... 273<br />

2.2.3.11 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: índices <strong>de</strong>l valor unitario <strong>de</strong> las importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: unit value indices for imports of goods, f.o.b., 1980-2004 ................................................................... 274<br />

2.2.3.12 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: índices <strong>de</strong>l valor unitario <strong>de</strong> las importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: unit value indices for imports of goods and services, 1980-2004 ........................................................ 275<br />

2.2.3.13 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: índices <strong>de</strong> la r<strong>el</strong>ación <strong>de</strong> precios <strong>de</strong>l intercambio <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: terms of tra<strong>de</strong> indices for goods, f.o.b., 1980-2004 .............................................................................. 276<br />

2.2.3.14 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: índices <strong>de</strong> la r<strong>el</strong>ación <strong>de</strong> precios <strong>de</strong>l intercambio <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: terms of tra<strong>de</strong> indices for goods and services, 1980-2004 ................................................................... 277<br />

2.2.3.15 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: índices <strong>de</strong>l po<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong> compra <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: purchasing power indices of exports of goods, 1980-2004 .................................................................. 278<br />

2.2.3.16 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: índices <strong>de</strong>l po<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong> compra <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: purchasing power indices of exports of goods and services, 1980-2004 ............................................. 279<br />

2.2.3.17 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: precios <strong>de</strong> los principales productos básicos <strong>de</strong> exportación, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: prices of leading export commodities, 1980-2004 ................................................................................ 280<br />

2.2.3.18 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: índices <strong>de</strong> precios <strong>de</strong> los principales productos básicos <strong>de</strong> exportación, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: price indices of leading export commodities, 1980-2004 ..................................................................... 281<br />

2.2.4 Financiamiento y <strong>de</strong>uda externa / Financing and external <strong>de</strong>bt ................................................................................................. 282<br />

2.2.4.1 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: r<strong>el</strong>ación entre los intereses totales <strong>de</strong>vengados y las exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: ratio of total accrued interest to exports of goods and services, 1980-2004 ........................................ 282<br />

2.2.4.2 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: r<strong>el</strong>ación entre las utilida<strong>de</strong>s pagadas y las exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: ratio of total paid profi t to exports of goods and services, 1980-2004 ................................................. 283<br />

2.2.4.3 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: ingreso neto <strong>de</strong> capitales y transferencia <strong>de</strong> recursos, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: net capital infl ow and resource transfers, 1980-2004 .......................................................................... 284<br />

2.2.4.4 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: transferencia neta <strong>de</strong> recursos, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: net resource transfers, 1980-2004 ........................................................................................................ 285<br />

2.2.4.5 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: inversión extranjera directa neta, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: net foreign direct investment, 1980-2004 .............................................................................................. 286<br />

2.2.4.6 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: <strong>de</strong>uda externa total, 1980-2004 / Latin America and the Caribbean: total external <strong>de</strong>bt, 1980-2004 ........... 287<br />

2.2.4.7 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: <strong>de</strong>uda externa total como porcentaje <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto, 1990-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: total external <strong>de</strong>bt as percentage of GDP, 1990-2004 .......................................................................... 288<br />

2.2.4.8 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: existencias <strong>de</strong> reservas internacionales, 1980-2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: stocks of international reserves, 1980-2004 ......................................................................................... 289<br />

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2.2.4.9 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: reservas internacionales, 2002<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: international reserves, (stocks), 2002 .................................................................................................... 290<br />

2.2.4.10 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: reservas internacionales, 2003<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: international reserves, (stocks), 2003 .................................................................................................... 291<br />

2.2.4.11 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: reservas internacionales, 2004<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: international reserves, (stocks), 2004 .................................................................................................... 292<br />

2.3 Precios / Prices .................................................................................................................................................................................. 293<br />

2.3.1 Índices anuales <strong>de</strong> precios al consumidor: niv<strong>el</strong> general / Annual consumer price indices: general lev<strong>el</strong> ................................................... 293<br />

2.3.2 Índices anuales <strong>de</strong> precios al consumidor: alimentos / Annual consumer price indices: foods .................................................................... 294<br />

2.3.3 Variaciones <strong>de</strong>l índice <strong>de</strong> precios al consumidor: niv<strong>el</strong> general / Variations in the consumer price in<strong>de</strong>x: general lev<strong>el</strong>............................. 295<br />

2.3.4 Variaciones <strong>de</strong>l índice <strong>de</strong> precios al consumidor: alimentos / Variations in the consumer price in<strong>de</strong>x: foods.............................................. 296<br />

2.3.5 Índices anuales <strong>de</strong> precios mayoristas / Annual wholesale price indices ...................................................................................................... 297<br />

2.4 Estadísticas sectoriales / Sectoral statistics ................................................................................................................ 298<br />

2.4.1 Agricultura y silvicultura / Agriculture and forestry ........................................................................................................................ 298<br />

2.4.1.1 Índices <strong>de</strong>l volumen físico <strong>de</strong> la producción agropecuaria / Volume indices of agricultural production ..................................................... 298<br />

2.4.1.2 Índices <strong>de</strong>l volumen físico <strong>de</strong> los cultivos agrícolas / Volume indices of agricultural crops ......................................................................... 299<br />

2.4.1.3 Índices <strong>de</strong>l volumen físico <strong>de</strong> la producción pecuaria / Volume indices of livestock production ................................................................. 300<br />

2.4.1.4 Índices <strong>de</strong>l volumen físico <strong>de</strong> la producción <strong>de</strong> alimentos / Volume indices of food production ................................................................. 301<br />

2.4.1.5 Índices <strong>de</strong>l volumen físico <strong>de</strong> la producción <strong>de</strong> alimentos por habitante / Volume indices of per capita food production ........................... 302<br />

2.4.1.6 Producción <strong>de</strong> algodón sin <strong>de</strong>smotar / Seed cotton production ....................................................................................................................<br />

2.4.1.7 Producción <strong>de</strong> arroz / Rice production ...........................................................................................................................................................<br />

2.4.1.8 Producción <strong>de</strong> banano y plátano / Banana and plantain production ............................................................................................................<br />

2.4.1.9 Producción <strong>de</strong> café ver<strong>de</strong> / Green coffee production .....................................................................................................................................<br />

2.4.1.10 Producción <strong>de</strong> caña <strong>de</strong> azúcar / Sugar cane production ...............................................................................................................................<br />

2.4.1.11 Producción <strong>de</strong> frijoles secos / Dried bean production ...................................................................................................................................<br />

2.4.1.12 Producción <strong>de</strong> girasol / Sunfl ower production ...............................................................................................................................................<br />

2.4.1.13 Producción <strong>de</strong> maíz / Maize production ........................................................................................................................................................<br />

2.4.1.14 Producción <strong>de</strong> mandioca / Cassava production ............................................................................................................................................<br />

2.4.1.15 Producción <strong>de</strong> soja / Soybean production ......................................................................................................................................................<br />

2.4.1.16 Producción <strong>de</strong> sorgo / Sorghum production ..................................................................................................................................................<br />

2.4.1.17 Producción <strong>de</strong> trigo / Wheat production .......................................................................................................................................................<br />

2.4.2 Minería y manufactura / Mining and manufacturing ........................................................................................................................ 303<br />

2.4.2.1 Índices <strong>de</strong>l volumen físico <strong>de</strong> la producción minera / Volume indices of mining production ....................................................................... 303<br />

2.4.2.2 Producción <strong>de</strong> cemento / Cement production ............................................................................................................................................... 303<br />

2.4.2.3 Producción <strong>de</strong> gasolina / Gasoline production ............................................................................................................................................. 304<br />

2.4.2.4 Producción <strong>de</strong> automotores para pasajeros / Passenger motor vehicle production ....................................................................................... 304<br />

2.4.2.5 Producción <strong>de</strong> automotores comerciales / Commercial vehicle production ................................................................................................. 305<br />

2.4.2.6 Producción <strong>de</strong> fertilizantes / Fertilizer production ........................................................................................................................................ 305<br />

2.4.2.7 Producción <strong>de</strong> acero / Ste<strong>el</strong> production ......................................................................................................................................................... 306<br />

2.4.2.8 Producción <strong>de</strong> laminados planos / Flat rolled product production ................................................................................................................ 306<br />

2.4.2.9 Producción <strong>de</strong> laminados no planos / Non-fl at rolled product production ................................................................................................... 307<br />

2.4.2.10 Producción <strong>de</strong> bauxita / Bauxite production .................................................................................................................................................<br />

2.4.2.11 Producción <strong>de</strong> carbón / Coal production ......................................................................................................................................................<br />

2.4.2.12 Producción <strong>de</strong> cobre / Copper production ....................................................................................................................................................<br />

2.4.2.13 Producción <strong>de</strong> estaño / Tin production ..........................................................................................................................................................<br />

2.4.2.14 Producción <strong>de</strong> hierro / Iron production .........................................................................................................................................................<br />

2.4.2.15 Producción <strong>de</strong> petróleo / Petroleum production ............................................................................................................................................<br />

2.4.2.16 Producción <strong>de</strong> zinc / Zinc production ...........................................................................................................................................................<br />

2.4.2.17 Producción <strong>de</strong> alambrón / Wire rod production .............................................................................................................................................<br />

2.4.2.18 Producción <strong>de</strong> arrabio / Pig iron production ..................................................................................................................................................<br />

3. Estadísticas <strong>de</strong> recursos naturales y <strong>de</strong>l medio ambiente<br />

Statistics on natural resources and the environment .................................................................... 309<br />

3.1 Bosque / Forest .................................................................................................................................................................................. 311<br />

3.1.1 Superfi cie <strong>de</strong> bosque y proporción <strong>de</strong> la superfi cie cubierta por bosques / Forest area and proportion of land area covered by forest ...... 311<br />

3.1.2 Superfi cie <strong>de</strong> bosque natural, proporción <strong>de</strong> la superfi cie total y <strong>de</strong> la superfi cie <strong>de</strong> bosque<br />

Natural forest area, proportion of total area and proportion of forested area .............................................................................................. 312<br />

3.1.3 Superfi cie <strong>de</strong> plantaciones forestales y proporción <strong>de</strong> la superfi cie <strong>de</strong> bosque<br />

Forest plantations area and proportion of the forested area ......................................................................................................................... 313<br />

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CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 17<br />

3.2 Uso <strong>de</strong> la tierra / Land use ........................................................................................................................................................ 314<br />

3.2.1 Superfi cie total y superfi cie terrestre, 2002 / Total area and land area, 2002 ............................................................................................... 314<br />

3.2.2 Superfi cie agrícola / Agricultural area .......................................................................................................................................................... 315<br />

3.2.3 Superfi cie <strong>de</strong> tierras arables / Area of arable land ......................................................................................................................................... 316<br />

3.2.4 Superfi cie <strong>de</strong> tierras <strong>de</strong>stinadas a cultivos permanentes / Area of permanent cropland ................................................................................ 317<br />

3.2.5 Superfi cie <strong>de</strong> pra<strong>de</strong>ras y pastos permanentes / Area of permanent pastur<strong>el</strong>and ............................................................................................ 318<br />

3.2.6 Superfi cie regada / Area irrigated .................................................................................................................................................................. 319<br />

3.2.7 Consumo <strong>de</strong> fertilizantes / Fertilizer consumption ........................................................................................................................................ 320<br />

3.2.8 Consumo <strong>de</strong> plaguicidas: fungicidas y bactericidas / Pestici<strong>de</strong> consumption: fungici<strong>de</strong>s and bacterici<strong>de</strong>s ................................................. 321<br />

3.2.9 Consumo <strong>de</strong> plaguicidas: herbicidas / Pestici<strong>de</strong> consumption: herbici<strong>de</strong>s .................................................................................................... 322<br />

3.2.10 Consumo <strong>de</strong> plaguicidas: insecticidas / Pestici<strong>de</strong> consumption: insectici<strong>de</strong>s................................................................................................ 323<br />

3.2.11 Superfi cie cosechada <strong>de</strong> algodón / Seed cotton, area harvested ...................................................................................................................<br />

3.2.12 Superfi cie cosechada <strong>de</strong> arroz / Rice, area harvested ...................................................................................................................................<br />

3.2.13 Superfi cie cosechada <strong>de</strong> café / Coffee, area harvested .................................................................................................................................<br />

3.2.14 Superfi cie cosechada <strong>de</strong> caña <strong>de</strong> azúcar / Sugar cane, area harvested .........................................................................................................<br />

3.2.15 Superfi cie cosechada <strong>de</strong> frijoles secos / Dried beans, area harvested ..........................................................................................................<br />

3.2.16 Superfi cie cosechada <strong>de</strong> semilla <strong>de</strong> girasol / Sunfl ower seed, area harvested ..............................................................................................<br />

3.2.17 Superfi cie cosechada <strong>de</strong> maíz / Maize, area harvested .................................................................................................................................<br />

3.2.18 Superfi cie cosechada <strong>de</strong> yuca (mandioca) / Cassava, area harvested ...........................................................................................................<br />

3.2.19 Superfi cie cosechada <strong>de</strong> soja / Soybeans, area harvested ..............................................................................................................................<br />

3.2.20 Superfi cie cosechada <strong>de</strong> sorgo / Sorghum, area harvested ...........................................................................................................................<br />

3.2.21 Superfi cie cosechada <strong>de</strong> trigo / Wheat, area harvested ................................................................................................................................<br />

3.3 Mares y bor<strong>de</strong> costero / Seas and coastal areas ....................................................................................................... 324<br />

3.3.1 Extracción anual <strong>de</strong> las principales pesquerías / Annual extraction by main fi sheries .................................................................................. 324<br />

3.3.2 Embarcaciones <strong>de</strong>dicadas a la pesca / Fishing vess<strong>el</strong>s................................................................................................................................... 325<br />

3.3.3 Volumen <strong>de</strong> la producción acuícola / Volume of aquaculture production ...................................................................................................... 325<br />

3.4 Áreas protegidas / Protected areas .................................................................................................................................... 326<br />

3.4.1 Superfi cie <strong>de</strong> áreas protegidas y como proporción <strong>de</strong> la superfi cie total <strong>de</strong>l país<br />

Area protected and as a proportion of the country’s total land area ............................................................................................................. 326<br />

3.4.2 Superfi cie y número <strong>de</strong> áreas marinas protegidas, 2004 / Area and number of marine areas protected, 2004 ............................................. 327<br />

3.5 Energía / Energy ............................................................................................................................................................................... 328<br />

3.5.1 Producción <strong>de</strong> energía primaria y secundaria / Production of primary and secondary energy ..................................................................... 328<br />

3.5.2 Consumo <strong>de</strong> energía primaria y secundaria / Consumption of primary and secondary energy .................................................................... 329<br />

3.5.3 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: consumo total <strong>de</strong> energía / Latin America and the Caribbean: total energy consumption .............................. 330<br />

3.5.4 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: variación anual <strong>de</strong>l consumo total <strong>de</strong> energía<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: annual rate of variation in total energy consumption ........................................................................... 331<br />

3.5.5 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: oferta total <strong>de</strong> energía / Latin America and the Caribbean: total energy supply ............................................. 332<br />

3.5.6 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: variación anual <strong>de</strong> la oferta <strong>de</strong> energía<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: annual rate of variation in total energy supply ..................................................................................... 333<br />

3.5.7 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: oferta <strong>de</strong> energías renovables y no renovables, 2002<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean: supply of renewable and non-renewable energies, 2002 ....................................................................... 334<br />

3.5.8 Intensidad energética <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto / Energy intensity of gross domestic product ................................................................... 335<br />

3.5.9 Consumo <strong>de</strong> hidrocarburos por habitante / Per capita consumption of hydrocarbons ................................................................................. 336<br />

3.5.10 Variación anual <strong>de</strong>l consumo <strong>de</strong> hidrocarburos / Annual rate of variation in hydrocarbons consumption ................................................... 337<br />

3.5.11 Consumo <strong>de</strong> energía <strong>el</strong>éctrica por habitante / Per capita consumption of <strong>el</strong>ectric power ............................................................................. 338<br />

3.5.12 Variación anual <strong>de</strong>l consumo <strong>de</strong> energía <strong>el</strong>éctrica / Annual rate of variation in consumption of <strong>el</strong>ectric power .......................................... 339<br />

3.5.13 Energía hidro<strong>el</strong>éctrica como proporción <strong>de</strong> la generación <strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong>ectricidad<br />

Hydro<strong>el</strong>ectric power as a percentage of total <strong>el</strong>ectricity generation ............................................................................................................. 340<br />

3.5.14 Producción <strong>de</strong> energía <strong>el</strong>éctrica por tipos <strong>de</strong> central / Production of <strong>el</strong>ectricity by type of plant ................................................................. 341<br />

3.5.15 Capacidad instalada para producir energía <strong>el</strong>éctrica / Installed capacity for producing <strong>el</strong>ectricity .............................................................. 342<br />

3.6 Aire y atmósfera / Air and atmosphere ............................................................................................................................ 343<br />

3.6.1 Consumo <strong>de</strong> sustancias que agotan la capa <strong>de</strong> ozono / Consumption of substances that <strong>de</strong>plete the ozone layer ........................................ 343<br />

3.6.2 Emisiones <strong>de</strong> dióxido <strong>de</strong> carbono (CO 2 ), por fuente emisora / Carbon dioxi<strong>de</strong> (CO 2 ) emissions, by source ............................................... 344<br />

3.6.3 Emisiones <strong>de</strong> metano (CH 4 ), por fuente emisora / Methane (CH 4 ) emissions, by source ............................................................................. 345<br />

3.6.4 Emisiones <strong>de</strong> óxido nitroso (N 2 O), por fuente emisora / Nitrous oxi<strong>de</strong> (N 2 O) emissions, by source ............................................................ 346<br />

3.7 Desastres naturales / Natural disasters .......................................................................................................................... 347<br />

3.7.1 <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: <strong>de</strong>sastres naturales / Latin America and the Caribbean: natural disasters ...................................................... 347<br />

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18 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

3.8 Transporte e infraestrutura / Transport and infrastructure ............................................................................... 349<br />

3.8.1 Dimensión y variación <strong>de</strong>l parque automotor / Size and growth rate of the motor vehicle fl eet ................................................................... 349<br />

3.8.2 Longitud <strong>de</strong> la red <strong>de</strong> carreteras / Length of the road network ...................................................................................................................... 350<br />

3.8.3 Longitud <strong>de</strong> la red ferroviaria / Length of the railway network ..................................................................................................................... 351<br />

3.8.4 Tráfi co aéreo: pasajeros-kilómetros / Air traffi c: passengers-kilometres ...................................................................................................... 352<br />

3.8.5 Tráfi co aéreo: kilómetros volados / Air traffi c: kilometres fl own ................................................................................................................... 353<br />

3.8.6 Tráfi co aéreo: ton<strong>el</strong>adas-kilómetros <strong>de</strong> carga / Air traffi c: ton-kilometres of freight ..................................................................................... 354<br />

3.9 Gestión medioambiental / Environmental management ..................................................................................... 355<br />

3.9.1 Empresas certifi cadas ISO 14001 / ISO 14001-certifi ed enterprises ............................................................................................................. 355<br />

3.9.2 Empresas certifi cadas ISO 14001, por cada 1.000 millones <strong>de</strong> dólares <strong>de</strong>l PIB<br />

ISO 14001-certifi ed enterprises per billion dollars of GDP .......................................................................................................................... 356<br />

3.9.3 Participación en convenciones ambientales internacionales / Participation in international environmental conventions ............................ 357<br />

Notas técnicas / Technical notes ............................................................................................................................................ 359<br />

Fuentes / Sources ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 421<br />

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CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 19<br />

<br />

Introducción Introduction<br />

En la presente edición <strong>de</strong>l <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong><br />

<strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe 2005 se incluye una serie <strong>de</strong> cambios<br />

importantes, tanto en lo que respecta al contenido como<br />

al diseño. El propósito ha sido respon<strong>de</strong>r a las nuevas<br />

exigencias <strong>de</strong> los investigadores que analizan la situación<br />

económica y social <strong>de</strong> la región e incorporar los avances<br />

tecnológicos que modifi can la difusión y <strong>el</strong> uso <strong>de</strong> la<br />

información estadística.<br />

El <strong>Anuario</strong> cuenta ahora con cuatro capítulos. En <strong>el</strong><br />

primer capítulo se cubren los indicadores <strong>de</strong>mográfi cos y<br />

sociales, que refl ejan <strong>el</strong> esfuerzo especial que se hizo para<br />

incluir la dimensión <strong>de</strong> género en la información estadística.<br />

En <strong>el</strong> segundo capítulo se reúnen las estadísticas económicas<br />

básicas, <strong>de</strong> comercio y balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos, y las cuentas<br />

nacionales. En virtud <strong>de</strong>l creciente interés <strong>de</strong> la comunidad<br />

regional e internacional en <strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong>sarrollo sostenible, en <strong>el</strong><br />

tercer capítulo se recopila la información disponible sobre<br />

<strong>el</strong> medio ambiente y los recursos naturales.<br />

La abundancia <strong>de</strong> datos —a menudo diferentes y a veces<br />

contradictorios— a los que los investigadores pue<strong>de</strong>n acce<strong>de</strong>r<br />

hoy en día mediante Internet obliga a prestar una especial<br />

atención a las fi chas técnicas en las que se documenta <strong>el</strong> origen<br />

<strong>de</strong> los datos, su <strong>de</strong>fi nición y cobertura. Esta información se<br />

presenta en <strong>el</strong> cuarto capítulo, sobre metodología y metadatos.<br />

Por medio <strong>de</strong> este capítulo se complementa la información<br />

más específi ca que fi gura en las notas al pie <strong>de</strong> los cuadros<br />

<strong>de</strong>l <strong>Anuario</strong>.<br />

Los cambios realizados en esta edición afectan también<br />

a la presentación <strong>de</strong>l <strong>Anuario</strong>, entre cuyas versiones impresa<br />

y <strong>el</strong>ectrónica existen ahora mayores diferencias. La versión<br />

<strong>el</strong>ectrónica está disponible en CD-ROM y en línea, en <strong>el</strong><br />

sitio Internet <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL.<br />

The 2005 edition of the Statistical Yearbook for Latin<br />

America and the Caribbean introduces a series of important<br />

modifi cations, both in content and <strong>de</strong>sign, the objective<br />

being to refl ect the changes in the <strong>de</strong>mand of researchers<br />

who analyse the economic and social situation of the<br />

region and to incorporate the technological advances that<br />

modify the mo<strong>de</strong>s of dissemination and use of statistical<br />

information.<br />

This year’s issue of the Yearbook is ma<strong>de</strong> up of four<br />

chapters. The fi rst covers <strong>de</strong>mographic and social indicators,<br />

which attest to the special effort ma<strong>de</strong> to incorporate the<br />

gen<strong>de</strong>r dimension in statistical information. The second<br />

chapter presents basic economic, tra<strong>de</strong> and balance-ofpayments<br />

statistics as w<strong>el</strong>l as national accounts. Refl ecting<br />

the growing concern of the regional and international<br />

community for sustainable <strong>de</strong>v<strong>el</strong>opment, the third chapter<br />

provi<strong>de</strong>s available information on the environment and<br />

natural resources.<br />

Given the abundance of different and, at times,<br />

contradictory data now accessible to researchers through<br />

the Internet, special attention must be paid to the technical<br />

specifi cations r<strong>el</strong>ating to the source of the data as w<strong>el</strong>l as<br />

their <strong>de</strong>fi nition and coverage. This information is presented<br />

in the fourth chapter, which <strong>de</strong>als with methodology and<br />

metadata. This chapter serves to supplement the more specifi c<br />

information contained in the footnotes to each of the tables<br />

of this Yearbook.<br />

The changes introduced in the present edition also<br />

affect the presentation of the Yearbook, with more signifi cant<br />

differences now existing between the printed book and<br />

<strong>el</strong>ectronic version. The latter is available on CD-ROM as<br />

w<strong>el</strong>l as online through the ECLAC website.


20 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

En la versión impresa <strong>de</strong>l <strong>Anuario</strong> se reúne una s<strong>el</strong>ección<br />

<strong>de</strong> cuadros orientados a brindar información estadística <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong><br />

la perspectiva regional, privilegiando la comparabilidad<br />

internacional <strong>de</strong> los datos, como es <strong>el</strong> caso <strong>de</strong> las cuentas<br />

nacionales en dólares <strong>el</strong>aboradas por la División <strong>de</strong> Estadística<br />

y Proyecciones Económicas <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL. Asimismo se<br />

ofrece al lector información sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los países<br />

<strong>de</strong> la región en r<strong>el</strong>ación con las priorida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> la comunidad<br />

regional e internacional, en <strong>el</strong> marco <strong>de</strong> los objetivos <strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong>sarrollo <strong>de</strong>l Milenio.<br />

En la versión <strong>el</strong>ectrónica se incluye un mayor número<br />

<strong>de</strong> cuadros, que brindan información más <strong>de</strong>tallada sobre la<br />

situación económica y social <strong>de</strong> cada país. Cada vez que fue<br />

posible garantizar la homogeneidad <strong>de</strong> las series <strong>de</strong> tiempo,<br />

los datos presentados en la versión <strong>el</strong>ectrónica cubren también<br />

una mayor cantidad <strong>de</strong> años. Para facilitar la consulta, los<br />

cuadros se presentan en un índice único, disponible en ambas<br />

versiones <strong>de</strong>l <strong>Anuario</strong>.<br />

En <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> rediseño estuvo siempre presente,<br />

la voluntad <strong>de</strong> garantizar la continuidad <strong>de</strong> las principales<br />

series estadísticas que la Comisión publica en <strong>el</strong> <strong>Anuario</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> 1973. No obstante, en los últimos años la División<br />

<strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones Económicas <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL<br />

ha complementado su labor <strong>de</strong> difusión <strong>de</strong> información<br />

estadística mediante la oferta al público en general <strong>de</strong> una<br />

serie <strong>de</strong> bases <strong>de</strong> datos temáticas que cubren los aspectos<br />

sociales (BADEINSO), ambientales (BADEIMA), <strong>de</strong><br />

comercio exterior (BADECEL), y <strong>de</strong> estadísticas económicas<br />

y cuentas nacionales (BADEPAG). Estas bases <strong>de</strong> datos están<br />

disponibles en <strong>el</strong> sitio web <strong>de</strong> la División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y<br />

Proyecciones Económicas (www.cepal.org/ba<strong>de</strong>stat). Instamos<br />

a los lectores consultar la versión en línea <strong>de</strong>l documento y<br />

<strong>el</strong> portal <strong>de</strong> bases <strong>de</strong> datos <strong>de</strong> la División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y<br />

Proyecciones Económicas <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL, en los que fi gura<br />

información más actualizada. Instamos también al lector<br />

consultar las otras bases <strong>de</strong> datos <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL, www.cepal.<br />

org/mdg, www.cepal.org/c<strong>el</strong>a<strong>de</strong>, a las que se pue<strong>de</strong> acce<strong>de</strong>r<br />

mediante <strong>el</strong> sitio web <strong>de</strong> la Comisión (www.cepal.org).<br />

Por último, alentamos a los lectores comunicarnos sus<br />

observaciones sobre <strong>el</strong> diseño y <strong>el</strong> contenido <strong>de</strong>l <strong>Anuario</strong>,<br />

utilizando <strong>el</strong> formulario disponible en <strong>el</strong> sitio web www.<br />

cepal.org/<strong>de</strong>ype o mandando sus comentarios a la dirección<br />

siguiente: <strong>de</strong>ype@cepal.org.<br />

The printed version of the Yearbook contains a s<strong>el</strong>ection<br />

of tables which seek to provi<strong>de</strong> statistical information<br />

from the regional perspective, with emphasis on the<br />

international comparability of data such as national accounts<br />

statistics in dollars, prepared by the ECLAC Statistics and<br />

Economic Projections Division. In addition, information<br />

is provi<strong>de</strong>d on the progress ma<strong>de</strong> by the countries of the<br />

region towards fulfi lment of the priorities <strong>de</strong>fi ned for the<br />

regional and international community in the Millennium<br />

Dev<strong>el</strong>opment Goals.<br />

The <strong>el</strong>ectronic version inclu<strong>de</strong>s additional tables,<br />

which provi<strong>de</strong> more <strong>de</strong>tailed information on each country’s<br />

economic and social situation. In all cases where it was<br />

possible to ensure homogeneity of the time series, the<br />

data presented in the <strong>el</strong>ectronic version cover a greater<br />

number of years. For ease of reference, the set of tables<br />

is presented in a single in<strong>de</strong>x available in both versions<br />

of the Yearbook.<br />

As regards the re<strong>de</strong>sign of the Yearbook, the overriding<br />

concern was to ensure the continuity of the principal statistical<br />

series that ECLAC has been publishing in this publication<br />

since 1973. Neverth<strong>el</strong>ess, in recent years, the Statistics and<br />

Economic Projections Division has intensifi ed its efforts<br />

to disseminate statistical information by providing to the<br />

public a series of thematic databases which cover social<br />

issues (BADEINSO), environmental issues (BADEIMA),<br />

external tra<strong>de</strong> (BADECEL) and economic statistics and<br />

national accounts (BADEPAG). These databases are<br />

available on the Division’s website at www.eclac.org/ba<strong>de</strong>stat.<br />

Rea<strong>de</strong>rs are urged to consult the online version of the<br />

Yearbook and the database portal of the ECLAC Statistics<br />

and Economic Projections Division, which contain more<br />

up-to-date information. The rea<strong>de</strong>r is encouraged to consult<br />

the other ECLAC databases: www.eclac.org/mdg and www.<br />

eclac.org/c<strong>el</strong>a<strong>de</strong>, which can be accessed through the main<br />

ECLAC website www.eclac.org.<br />

Lastly, rea<strong>de</strong>rs are invited to send in their comments<br />

on the <strong>de</strong>sign and content of the Yearbook, using the<br />

form available on the website www.eclac.org/<strong>de</strong>ype or by<br />

sending an e-mail to the following address:<br />

<strong>de</strong>ype@eclac.org.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 21<br />

<br />

Estadísticas sociales<br />

Social statistics


22 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 23<br />

1.1 POBLACIÓN / POPULATION<br />

1.1.1 POBLACIÓN TOTAL a<br />

TOTAL POPULATION a<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> personas, a mitad <strong>de</strong> cada año / Thousands of persons, at mid-year)<br />

País 1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Country<br />

Anguila 9 10 11 11 12 12 12 12 Anguilla<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 63 70 76 78 79 80 81 81 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas 191 187 176 176 177 179 181 183 Netherlands Antilles<br />

Argentina 32 581 34 779 36 784 37 156 37 516 37 870 38 226 38 592 Argentina<br />

Aruba 66 84 92 94 95 97 98 99 Aruba<br />

Bahamas 255 279 301 306 310 314 319 323 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 257 262 266 267 268 268 269 270 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 186 214 242 248 253 259 264 270 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 6 669 7 482 8 428 8 624 8 824 9 025 9 227 9 427 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 149 690 162 019 174 719 177 291 179 879 182 470 185 048 187 597 Brazil<br />

Chile 13 179 14 395 15 398 15 581 15 757 15 929 16 098 16 267 Chile<br />

Colombia 34 970 38 542 42 321 43 070 43 817 44 562 45 302 46 039 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 3 076 3 475 3 925 4 008 4 089 4 167 4 245 4 322 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 10 628 10 964 11 199 11 238 11 273 11 306 11 338 11 369 Cuba<br />

Dominica 72 75 78 78 78 78 79 79 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 10 272 11 397 12 299 12 480 12 661 12 843 13 027 13 215 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 5 110 5 669 6 276 6 397 6 518 6 638 6 757 6 875 El Salvador<br />

Granada 96 99 102 102 102 102 102 103 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 8 908 10 004 11 225 11 501 11 788 12 084 12 389 12 700 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 729 732 744 746 747 749 750 751 Guyana<br />

Haití 6 942 7 622 8 357 8 511 8 668 8 827 8 988 9 151 Haiti<br />

Honduras 4 879 5 654 6 485 6 656 6 828 7 001 7 174 7 347 Honduras<br />

Islas Vírgenes Británicas 17 18 21 21 21 21 22 22 British Virgin Islands<br />

Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos 104 107 111 111 112 112 112 112 United States Virgin Islands<br />

Jamaica 2 369 2 484 2 585 2 600 2 614 2 627 2 639 2 651 Jamaica<br />

México 83 226 91 145 98 881 100 373 101 847 103 301 104 735 106 147 Mexico<br />

Montserrat 11 10 4 3 4 4 4 4 Montserrat<br />

Nicaragua 3 960 4 477 4 957 5 059 5 162 5 268 5 375 5 483 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 2 411 2 670 2 948 3 004 3 060 3 116 3 172 3 228 Panama<br />

Paraguay 4 219 4 828 5 496 5 636 5 778 5 922 6 068 6 216 Paraguay<br />

Perú 21 753 23 837 25 939 26 347 26 749 27 148 27 547 27 947 Peru<br />

Puerto Rico 3 528 3 696 3 835 3 860 3 885 3 909 3 932 3 955 Puerto Rico<br />

República Dominicana 7 066 7 705 8 396 8 536 8 677 8 819 8 960 9 100 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 41 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 109 113 116 117 117 118 118 119 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 138 148 154 156 157 158 159 161 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 402 415 434 437 441 444 446 449 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 1 215 1 259 1 285 1 289 1 293 1 297 1 301 1 305 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 3 106 3 218 3 337 3 361 3 385 3 408 3 432 3 455 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 19 735 22 043 24 311 24 764 25 218 25 672 26 125 26 577 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe b 442 238 482 226 522 354 530 335 538 301 546 246 554 163 562 046 Latin America and the Caribbean b<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> c 432 377 471 924 511 683 519 594 527 495 535 377 543 234 551 056 Latin America c<br />

Caribe d 33 823 35 707 37 456 37 795 38 132 38 466 38 799 39 129 Caribbean d<br />

a These fi gures correspond to the recommen<strong>de</strong>d projection, which involves the use of an average fertility hypothesis.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 40 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, British Virgin<br />

Islands, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican<br />

Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Montserrat,<br />

Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, United States Virgin Islands and Uruguay.<br />

c Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 20 economies: Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,<br />

Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama,<br />

Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

d Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 24 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Cayman<br />

Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Granada, Guadalupe, Haiti, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat,<br />

Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and<br />

Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, and United States Virgin Islands.<br />

a Las cifras correspon<strong>de</strong>n a la proyección recomendada, que implica adoptar una hipótesis media <strong>de</strong> fecundidad.<br />

b Incluye 40 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados,<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala,<br />

Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos, Jamaica, México, Montserrat,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, Puerto Rico, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint<br />

Kitts y Nevis, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y Las Granadinas, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

c Incluye 20 economías: Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador,<br />

Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a,<br />

República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

d Incluye 24 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba,<br />

Dominica, Granada, Guadalupe, Haití, Islas Caimán, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados<br />

Unidos, Islas Turcas y Caicos, Jamaica, Martinica, Montserrat, Puerto Rico, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y<br />

Nevis, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y las Granadinas y Trinidad y Tabago.


24 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.1 POBLACIÓN / POPULATION<br />

1.1.2 TASA DE CRECIMIENTO DE LA POBLACIÓN TOTAL, POR QUINQUENIOS a<br />

TOTAL POPULATION GROWTH RATE, BY FIVE-YEAR PERIODS a<br />

(Tasa anual media por cada 100 habitantes / Average annual rate per 100 inhabitants)<br />

País 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 2010-2015 Country<br />

Anguila 2.7 1.7 1.7 1.4 1.3 Anguilla<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 1.9 1.9 1.3 1.2 1.1 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas -0.4 -1.2 0.8 0.6 0.5 Netherlands Antilles<br />

Argentina 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 Argentina<br />

Aruba 4.8 1.8 1.5 0.8 0.5 Aruba<br />

Bahamas 1.8 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 2.8 2.5 2.2 1.9 1.6 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.8 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.1 Brazil<br />

Chile 1.8 1.4 1.1 1.0 0.9 Chile<br />

Colombia 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.4 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 2.4 2.4 1.9 1.7 1.4 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 Cuba<br />

Dominica 0.8 0.7 0.3 1.1 0.9 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 2.1 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.4 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 El Salvador<br />

Granada 0.6 0.4 0.3 1.4 1.4 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.5 2.4 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.0 -0.3 Guyana<br />

Haití 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.6 Haiti<br />

Honduras 3.0 2.8 2.5 2.2 2.0 Honduras<br />

Islas Vírgenes Británicas 2.2 2.1 1.4 1.1 1.0 British Virgin Islands<br />

Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos 0.7 0.7 0.2 0.0 -0.2 United States Virgin Islands<br />

Jamaica 1.0 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.3 Jamaica<br />

México 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.1 Mexico<br />

Montserrat -1.0 -19.3 2.8 1.2 0.8 Montserrat<br />

Nicaragua 2.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.8 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 Panama<br />

Paraguay 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.3 2.2 Paraguay<br />

Perú 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.3 Peru<br />

Puerto Rico 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 Puerto Rico<br />

República Dominicana 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.3 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis -0.2 0.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 1.4 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 0.6 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.4 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.5 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe b 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.2 Latin America and the Caribbean b<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> c 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.2 Latin America c<br />

Caribe d 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 Caribbean d<br />

a Ratio of the total mean annual growth of a population during a given period of time, to the mean population for<br />

this same period.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 46 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, British<br />

Virgin Islands, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,<br />

Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Falklands Islands (Malvinas), French Guiana,<br />

Grenada, Guadalupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Netherlands<br />

Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the<br />

Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States Virgin Islands and Uruguay.<br />

c Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 20 economies: Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa<br />

Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua,<br />

Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

d Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 24 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, British Virgin Islands,<br />

Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Granada, Guadalupe, Haiti, Jamaica, Martinique,<br />

Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the<br />

Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, and United States Virgin Islands.<br />

a Cociente entre <strong>el</strong> incremento medio anual total durante un período <strong>de</strong>terminado y la población media <strong>de</strong>l mismo<br />

período.<br />

b Incluye 46 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados,<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guadalupe,<br />

Guatemala, Guyana, Guyana Francesa, Haití, Honduras, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Caimanes, Islas Malvinas<br />

(Falklands), Islas Turcas y Caicos, Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos, Jamaica, Martinica, México, Montserrat,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, Puerto Rico, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana,<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y Las Granadinas, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

c Incluye 20 economías: Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador,<br />

Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a,<br />

República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

d Incluye 24 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba,<br />

Dominica, Granada, Guadalupe, Haití, Islas Caimán, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados<br />

Unidos, Islas Turcas y Caicos, Jamaica, Martinica, Montserrat, Puerto Rico, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y<br />

Nevis, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y las Granadinas y Trinidad y Tabago.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 25<br />

1.1 POBLACIÓN / POPULATION<br />

1.1.3 PROYECCIONES DE LA POBLACIÓN TOTAL, POR QUINQUENIOS a<br />

PROJECTED TOTAL POPULATION, BY FIVE-YEAR PERIODS a<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> personas, a mitad <strong>de</strong> cada año / Thousands of persons, at mid-year)<br />

País 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 Country<br />

Anguila 13 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 17 Anguilla<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 87 92 96 100 104 107 109 111 112 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas 188 193 198 202 205 206 205 204 203 Netherlands Antilles<br />

Argentina 40 519 42 403 44 163 45 732 47 074 48 177 49 150 49 972 50 604 Argentina<br />

Aruba 103 106 108 110 112 112 112 111 110 Aruba<br />

Bahamas 344 365 385 403 420 434 446 457 466 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 273 276 278 278 278 275 270 263 255 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 296 321 345 366 386 402 417 431 442 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 10 426 11 411 12 363 13 268 14 115 14 891 15 588 16 204 16 734 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 200 019 211 450 221 833 231 174 239 329 246 074 251 275 255 241 258 086 Brazil<br />

Chile 17 094 17 865 18 549 19 129 19 587 19 914 20 110 20 195 20 205 Chile<br />

Colombia 49 665 53 183 56 569 59 758 62 716 65 307 67 422 69 090 70 351 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 4 695 5 022 5 328 5 593 5 809 5 982 6 115 6 209 6 270 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 11 514 11 645 11 743 11 792 11 769 11 677 11 533 11 297 11 001 Cuba<br />

Dominica 83 87 90 93 95 97 98 98 98 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 14 205 15 200 16 194 17 113 17 946 18 671 19 285 19 786 20 192 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 7 441 7 977 8 534 9 062 9 554 9 998 10 386 10 716 10 977 El Salvador<br />

Granada 110 119 127 135 141 146 151 154 157 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 14 362 16 176 18 055 19 962 21 804 23 546 25 164 26 632 27 929 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 751 742 725 703 676 641 598 547 488 Guyana<br />

Haití 9 994 10 848 11 677 12 519 13 369 14 176 14 939 15 644 16 279 Haiti<br />

Honduras 8 203 9 044 9 865 10 656 11 392 12 075 12 709 13 280 13 771 Honduras<br />

Islas Vírgenes Británicas 23 24 26 26 27 28 28 28 28 British Virgin Islands<br />

Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos 112 111 109 107 104 99 94 88 82 United States Virgin Islands<br />

Jamaica 2 703 2 748 2 785 2 804 2 801 2 775 2 729 2 666 2 586 Jamaica<br />

México 112 891 119 178 124 976 130 196 134 502 137 842 140 199 141 594 142 123 Mexico<br />

Montserrat 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Montserrat<br />

Nicaragua 6 050 6 635 7 228 7 804 8 358 8 870 9 334 9 743 10 085 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 3 504 3 764 4 011 4 239 4 447 4 631 4 786 4 909 5 002 Panama<br />

Paraguay 6 980 7 773 8 570 9 355 10 104 10 790 11 392 11 937 12 422 Paraguay<br />

Perú 29 958 31 972 33 923 35 725 37 345 38 742 39 917 40 845 41 544 Peru<br />

Puerto Rico 4 060 4 157 4 242 4 311 4 361 4 391 4 406 4 410 4 405 Puerto Rico<br />

República Dominicana 9 791 10 436 11 014 11 529 12 068 12 542 12 938 13 248 13 475 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 45 47 50 52 54 56 57 58 59 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 122 124 125 125 123 121 117 112 105 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 168 174 180 184 187 189 190 190 188 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 462 472 478 480 479 473 462 448 429 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 1 324 1 338 1 345 1 343 1 332 1 314 1 290 1 262 1 230 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 3 566 3 681 3 793 3 900 3 996 4 078 4 141 4 186 4 219 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 28 834 31 017 33 066 34 938 36 609 38 062 39 284 40 251 41 035 Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe b 600 983 638 195 673 167 705 286 733 799 757 932 777 469 792 639 803 769 Latin America and the Caribbean b<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> c 589 711 626 680 661 454 693 446 721 893 746 046 765 668 780 976 792 304 Latin America c<br />

Caribe d 40 748 42 249 43 568 44 663 45 524 46 126 46 475 46 575 46 438 Caribbean d<br />

a These fi gures correspond to the recommen<strong>de</strong>d projection, which involves the use of an average fertility hypothesis.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 40 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, British Virgin<br />

Islands, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican<br />

Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Montserrat,<br />

Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, United States Virgin Islands and Uruguay.<br />

c Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 20 economies: Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,<br />

Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama,<br />

Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

d Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 24 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Cayman<br />

Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Granada, Guadalupe, Haiti, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat,<br />

Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad<br />

and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, and United States Virgin Islands.<br />

a Las cifras correspon<strong>de</strong>n a la proyección recomendada, que implica adoptar una hipótesis media <strong>de</strong> fecundidad.<br />

b Incluye 40 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados,<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala,<br />

Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos, Jamaica, México, Montserrat,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, Puerto Rico, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint<br />

Kitts y Nevis, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y Las Granadinas, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

c Incluye 20 economías: Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador,<br />

Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a,<br />

República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

d Incluye 24 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba,<br />

Dominica, Granada, Guadalupe, Haití, Islas Caimán, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados<br />

Unidos, Islas Turcas y Caicos, Jamaica, Martinica, Montserrat, Puerto Rico, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y<br />

Nevis, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y las Granadinas y Trinidad y Tabago.


26 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.1 POBLACIÓN / POPULATION<br />

1.1.4 ESTRUCTURA DE LA POBLACIÓN TOTAL, POR GRUPOS DE EDAD a<br />

STRUCTURE OF THE TOTAL POPULATION, BY AGE GROUPS a<br />

(Porcentaje <strong>de</strong> la población total / Percentage of total population)<br />

Country<br />

1990 2000 2010 2020<br />

Grupos <strong>de</strong> edad / Age groups Grupos <strong>de</strong> edad / Age groups Grupos <strong>de</strong> edad / Age groups Grupos <strong>de</strong> edad / Age groups<br />

0 - 14 15 - 34 35 - 49 50 - 64 65 y más 0 - 14 15 - 34 35 - 49 50 - 64 65 y más 0 - 14 15 - 34 35 - 49 50 - 64 65 y más 65 y más<br />

65 and over 65 and over 65 and over 0 - 14 15 - 34 35 - 49 50 - 64 65 and over<br />

País<br />

Antillas Netherlands<br />

Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas 26.2 35.0 20.7 11.0 7.1 24.8 26.1 25.2 15.0 8.8 20.2 27.0 21.9 20.0 10.9 18.5 28.4 15.8 21.9 15.4 Antilles<br />

Argentina 30.7 30.1 17.3 12.9 8.9 28.0 31.9 17.6 12.7 9.8 25.1 32.7 18.0 13.8 10.4 23.1 30.5 20.4 14.3 11.7 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 32.6 39.2 15.3 8.4 4.5 29.6 35.4 19.4 10.2 5.4 26.4 32.6 21.1 12.7 7.2 23.3 30.8 20.2 16.3 9.5 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 24.5 37.4 16.3 10.1 11.8 20.8 33.6 23.8 11.5 10.4 17.7 28.8 25.1 18.4 10.0 15.9 24.9 22.3 22.7 14.2 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 44.3 33.9 11.0 6.5 4.3 39.4 36.3 13.7 6.4 4.2 33.7 37.5 16.2 8.2 4.3 28.9 36.2 18.9 10.7 5.4 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 40.9 33.6 13.7 8.0 3.7 39.5 33.9 14.3 8.0 4.2 35.8 35.1 15.7 8.8 4.6 31.3 35.8 17.5 10.0 5.5 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 35.3 36.0 15.6 8.7 4.4 29.6 36.1 19.0 9.9 5.4 26.8 34.0 20.0 12.6 6.6 23.9 30.9 21.2 15.1 8.9 Brazil<br />

Chile 29.9 36.8 17.1 10.1 6.1 27.8 32.3 21.1 11.6 7.2 22.3 31.8 21.7 15.1 9.0 20.2 29.7 19.9 18.4 11.9 Chile<br />

Colombia 36.0 37.6 14.8 7.3 4.3 32.7 35.6 18.3 8.7 4.7 28.8 34.1 19.8 11.9 5.5 25.6 32.4 19.7 14.7 7.6 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 35.9 36.6 14.8 7.8 4.9 31.8 34.9 19.2 8.8 5.3 25.8 35.7 19.8 12.4 6.3 22.5 32.6 20.5 15.7 8.7 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 23.1 38.2 18.5 11.8 8.4 21.2 32.9 21.7 14.6 9.6 17.3 26.6 27.3 16.4 12.3 16.2 24.9 20.7 22.5 15.8 Cuba<br />

Ecuador 39.0 35.5 13.8 7.6 4.1 34.5 35.6 16.3 8.5 5.0 30.3 34.7 17.8 10.8 6.3 26.2 33.6 19.2 12.9 8.1 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 40.8 33.9 13.1 8.0 4.2 35.6 37.3 13.9 8.2 5.0 31.9 36.0 17.3 9.3 5.6 27.4 34.1 20.7 11.1 6.7 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 45.4 31.7 12.2 7.3 3.3 44.1 33.1 11.8 7.0 4.0 41.6 34.5 12.4 7.2 4.3 37.1 36.1 14.6 7.5 4.8 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 36.7 38.1 13.6 7.1 4.6 30.7 39.6 16.8 7.9 5.0 27.5 35.4 20.4 11.1 5.6 22.0 31.3 23.4 15.3 8.0 Guyana<br />

Haití 44.2 31.8 12.7 7.4 3.8 40.2 35.0 13.7 7.4 3.7 35.8 37.3 14.8 8.2 4.0 32.5 35.7 17.6 9.5 4.8 Haiti<br />

Honduras 45.2 34.0 11.5 6.3 3.0 41.7 35.3 13.3 6.3 3.4 36.1 36.9 15.4 7.6 4.0 30.7 36.6 17.9 9.8 4.9 Honduras<br />

Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los United States<br />

Estados Unidos 29.0 31.0 21.5 12.6 5.9 26.3 25.9 21.3 18.0 8.6 21.2 27.8 17.4 19.7 13.9 19.3 28.6 13.8 18.2 20.2 Virgin Islands<br />

Jamaica 35.2 36.1 13.1 8.3 7.4 33.0 33.9 16.7 8.7 7.6 28.7 33.9 18.5 11.2 7.8 25.6 34.0 17.0 14.7 8.8 Jamaica<br />

México 38.6 36.7 13.5 7.2 4.0 33.1 37.4 16.2 8.5 4.7 28.4 34.8 20.0 10.9 5.9 24.6 32.0 21.5 14.0 7.9 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 46.7 33.5 11.3 5.9 2.7 42.0 36.2 12.8 5.9 3.1 36.2 38.2 14.7 7.4 3.5 31.4 36.7 18.3 9.1 4.5 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 35.2 36.8 14.9 8.2 4.9 31.9 35.6 17.5 9.5 5.5 29.2 32.8 19.9 11.6 6.6 25.9 31.7 19.6 14.4 8.4 Panama<br />

Paraguay 42.0 34.6 13.2 6.5 3.7 39.5 34.2 15.9 6.9 3.5 35.6 35.2 15.9 9.3 3.9 32.4 34.6 17.0 10.7 5.3 Paraguay<br />

Perú 38.2 35.5 14.2 8.1 3.9 34.5 35.7 16.3 8.8 4.7 29.7 35.6 18.4 10.7 5.7 25.7 33.9 20.1 13.0 7.3 Peru<br />

Puerto Rico 27.2 32.3 18.6 12.1 9.7 23.7 30.1 19.7 15.4 11.2 20.8 30.1 19.2 16.6 13.4 19.3 27.6 20.3 16.9 16.0 Puerto Rico<br />

República Dominicana 38.4 36.5 14.1 7.7 3.4 33.5 36.1 17.3 8.8 4.3 29.4 34.7 19.3 11.2 5.4 26.3 32.2 20.2 14.2 7.2 Dominican Republic<br />

San Vicente y Saint Vincent and<br />

las Granadinas 38.2 36.8 11.3 7.8 5.9 32.9 37.9 14.9 7.9 6.4 27.4 37.4 19.2 9.5 6.6 24.9 31.2 21.5 14.8 7.5 the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 36.7 34.2 12.9 9.1 7.1 31.6 34.9 17.2 9.2 7.2 25.9 36.4 19.2 11.4 7.1 24.5 32.5 20.3 14.7 8.0 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 35.2 38.2 12.9 9.2 4.5 32.3 35.2 17.7 9.1 5.8 28.8 33.1 19.9 11.5 6.7 25.0 31.1 19.5 16.3 8.2 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 33.5 35.1 16.3 8.9 6.2 25.1 36.2 20.6 11.4 6.7 20.1 35.7 20.4 15.4 8.4 20.0 27.9 22.7 17.6 11.8 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 26.0 29.9 17.3 15.3 11.5 24.8 30.0 18.3 14.0 12.9 23.5 29.6 19.0 14.8 13.2 21.8 28.8 19.9 15.7 13.8 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Rep. Venezu<strong>el</strong>a<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 38.1 35.5 15.2 7.6 3.7 33.7 35.0 17.6 9.1 4.5 29.4 34.8 18.5 11.6 5.7 26.2 32.7 19.4 13.7 7.9 (Bolivarian Rep. of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y Latin America and<br />

<strong>el</strong> Caribe b 36.3 35.5 14.9 8.5 4.7 32.0 35.5 17.5 9.5 5.6 28.1 34.2 19.2 11.8 6.7 24.8 32.0 20.3 14.2 8.7 the Caribbean b<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> c 36.3 35.5 14.9 8.5 4.7 31.9 35.5 17.6 9.5 5.5 28.3 34.2 19.3 11.8 6.5 25.2 32.0 20.3 14.2 8.4 Latin America c<br />

Caribe d 32.7 35.9 15.6 9.5 6.3 29.9 34.4 18.0 10.9 6.9 26.4 32.9 20.2 12.4 8.2 24.2 31.2 19.1 15.3 10.2 Caribbean d<br />

a The percentage sum of all the age groups may not be exactly 100% because of rounding of data.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 46 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, British Virgin<br />

Islands, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba,<br />

Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Falklands Islands (Malvinas), French Guiana, Grenada,<br />

Guadalupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles,<br />

Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,<br />

Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States Virgin Islands and Uruguay.<br />

c Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 20 economies: Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,<br />

Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama,<br />

Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

d Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 24 economies: Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa<br />

Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico,<br />

Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Uruguay.<br />

a La suma <strong>de</strong> todos los grupos <strong>de</strong> edad podría diferir levemente <strong>de</strong> 100% <strong>de</strong>bido al redon<strong>de</strong>o <strong>de</strong> las cifras.<br />

b Incluye 46 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados,<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guadalupe,<br />

Guatemala, Guyana, Guyana Francesa, Haití, Honduras, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Caimanes, Islas Malvinas<br />

(Falklands), Islas Turcas y Caicos, Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos, Jamaica, Martinica, México, Montserrat,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, Puerto Rico, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana,<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y Las Granadinas, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

c Incluye 20 economías: Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador,<br />

Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a,<br />

República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

d Incluye 24 economías: Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador,<br />

Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana<br />

<strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 27<br />

1.1 POBLACIÓN / POPULATION<br />

1.1.5 RELACIÓN DE DEPENDENCIA DEMOGRÁFICA<br />

DEMOGRAPHIC DEPENDENCY RATIO<br />

(Porcentaje / Percentage)<br />

1990 2000 2010 2020<br />

b Adultos<br />

Total a<br />

b Adultos<br />

Niños<br />

Total a<br />

b Adultos<br />

Niños<br />

Total a<br />

b Adultos Country<br />

c<br />

c<br />

c<br />

Niños c<br />

b mayores b mayores b mayores b mayores<br />

El<strong>de</strong>rly<br />

Child Child Child c El<strong>de</strong>rly c El<strong>de</strong>rly c El<strong>de</strong>rly c<br />

Niños<br />

Child<br />

País<br />

Total a<br />

Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas 49.9 39.3 10.7 50.7 37.3 13.3 45.2 29.4 15.8 51.3 28.0 23.3 Netherlands Antilles<br />

Argentina 65.8 51.0 14.8 60.8 45.0 15.7 54.8 38.8 16.0 53.5 35.5 18.0 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 59.0 51.8 7.2 53.8 45.5 8.3 50.6 39.7 10.9 48.7 34.7 14.1 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 57.0 38.4 18.6 45.2 30.1 15.1 38.3 24.4 13.9 43.0 22.7 20.2 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 94.3 86.0 8.3 77.3 69.9 7.4 61.4 54.4 7.0 52.1 44.0 8.2 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 80.8 74.0 6.8 77.7 70.2 7.5 67.8 60.1 7.7 58.1 49.4 8.6 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 65.8 58.5 7.3 53.9 45.6 8.3 50.2 40.3 9.9 48.7 35.5 13.2 Brazil<br />

Chile 56.2 46.7 9.5 53.8 42.7 11.0 45.6 32.5 13.1 47.3 29.8 17.5 Chile<br />

Colombia 67.6 60.4 7.2 59.9 52.3 7.5 52.2 43.9 8.3 49.7 38.3 11.3 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 68.9 60.6 8.3 58.9 50.5 8.4 47.2 38.0 9.2 45.4 32.7 12.6 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 45.9 33.6 12.2 44.5 30.7 13.8 42.1 24.6 17.5 47.0 23.8 23.2 Cuba<br />

Ecuador 75.8 68.5 7.3 65.3 57.0 8.3 57.8 47.8 10.0 52.2 39.8 12.4 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 81.8 74.2 7.7 68.3 59.9 8.4 59.8 50.9 8.9 51.6 41.6 10.1 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 95.0 88.5 6.5 92.6 84.9 7.7 84.8 76.8 8.0 72.1 63.8 8.3 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 70.3 62.5 7.9 55.5 47.7 7.8 49.5 41.1 8.3 42.8 31.4 11.4 Guyana<br />

Haití 92.6 85.2 7.4 78.2 71.6 6.6 66.1 59.5 6.6 59.3 51.7 7.6 Haiti<br />

Honduras 93.0 87.2 5.7 82.1 75.9 6.3 66.9 60.2 6.7 55.4 47.7 7.7 Honduras<br />

Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos 53.5 44.5 9.0 53.5 40.4 13.1 54.1 32.6 21.5 65.1 31.8 33.3 United States Virgin Islands<br />

Jamaica 74.0 61.2 12.8 68.5 55.7 12.9 57.4 45.2 12.2 52.3 38.9 13.4 Jamaica<br />

México 74.0 67.1 6.9 61.0 53.4 7.6 52.4 43.3 9.0 48.1 36.4 11.7 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 97.6 92.2 5.4 82.1 76.6 5.6 65.6 59.9 5.7 56.0 49.0 7.0 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 67.0 58.8 8.2 59.6 50.9 8.8 55.6 45.4 10.2 52.3 39.4 12.8 Panama<br />

Paraguay 84.1 77.3 6.8 75.5 69.4 6.1 65.4 58.9 6.5 60.4 52.0 8.4 Paraguay<br />

Perú 72.9 66.1 6.8 64.6 56.8 7.8 54.9 46.0 8.8 49.2 38.3 10.9 Peru<br />

Puerto Rico 58.4 43.1 15.3 53.6 36.4 17.2 51.7 31.5 20.3 54.4 29.7 24.7 Puerto Rico<br />

República Dominicana 71.7 65.9 5.8 60.7 53.8 6.9 53.4 45.1 8.3 50.3 39.5 10.8 Dominican Republic<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 79.0 65.3 10.6 64.6 51.7 10.5 51.5 38.6 10.0 48.0 36.3 11.1 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 78.0 68.4 12.7 63.4 54.1 11.7 49.2 41.5 10.5 48.2 36.9 11.9 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 65.9 55.5 7.4 61.5 36.9 9.3 55.1 28.2 10.4 49.7 29.2 12.3 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 65.9 58.4 10.4 46.6 52.2 9.8 39.9 44.7 11.7 46.5 37.4 17.3 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 60.2 41.7 18.4 60.5 39.8 20.7 57.9 37.1 20.8 55.4 33.9 21.6 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 71.6 65.3 6.3 62.0 54.6 7.4 54.0 45.3 8.7 51.9 39.8 12.1 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe d 69.7 61.6 8.1 60.1 51.2 8.9 53.5 43.2 10.3 50.5 37.4 13.1 Latin America and the Caribbean d<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> e 69.5 61.5 8.0 59.7 51.0 8.7 53.4 43.4 10.0 50.5 37.9 12.6 Latin America e<br />

Caribe f 64.0 53.7 10.3 58.2 47.3 10.9 52.9 40.3 12.6 52.5 36.9 15.6 Caribbean f<br />

a Ratio of the population aged 0-14 and 65 and over to the population aged 15-64.<br />

b Ratio of the population aged 0-14 to the population aged 15-64.<br />

c Ratio of the population aged 65 and over to the population aged 15-64.<br />

d Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 46 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, British Virgin<br />

Islands, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica,<br />

Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Falklands Islands (Malvinas), French Guiana, Grenada, Guadalupe, Guatemala,<br />

Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay,<br />

Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago,<br />

Turks and Caicos Islands, United States Virgin Islands and Uruguay.<br />

e Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 20 economies: Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba,<br />

Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and<br />

Uruguay.<br />

f Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 24 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands,<br />

Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Granada, Guadalupe, Haiti, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles,<br />

Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos<br />

Islands, and United States Virgin Islands.<br />

a R<strong>el</strong>ación entre la suma <strong>de</strong> los grupos <strong>de</strong> población entre 0 y 14 años y <strong>de</strong> 65 años y más sobre la población <strong>de</strong> 15 a 64 años <strong>de</strong> edad.<br />

b R<strong>el</strong>ación entre la población entre 0 y 14 años sobre la población <strong>de</strong> 15 a 64 años <strong>de</strong> edad.<br />

c R<strong>el</strong>ación entre la población <strong>de</strong> 65 años y más sobre la población <strong>de</strong> 15 a 64 años <strong>de</strong> edad.<br />

d Incluye 46 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice,<br />

Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guadalupe, Guatemala, Guyana,<br />

Guyana Francesa, Haití, Honduras, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Caimanes, Islas Malvinas (Falklands), Islas Turcas y Caicos,<br />

Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos, Jamaica, Martinica, México, Montserrat, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, Puerto Rico,<br />

República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y Las Granadinas,<br />

Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

e Incluye 20 economías: Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala,<br />

Haití, Honduras, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y<br />

Uruguay.<br />

f Incluye 24 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba, Dominica,<br />

Granada, Guadalupe, Haití, Islas Caimán, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos, Islas Turcas y<br />

Caicos, Jamaica, Martinica, Montserrat, Puerto Rico, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y las<br />

Granadinas y Trinidad y Tabago.


28 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.1 POBLACIÓN / POPULATION<br />

1.1.6 TASA DE CRECIMIENTO ANUAL DE LA POBLACIÓN TOTAL, POR GRUPOS DE EDAD<br />

ANNUAL GROWTH RATE OF THE TOTAL POPULATION, BY AGE GROUPS<br />

(Tasa anual media por cada mil habitantes / Average annual rate per thousands inhabitants)<br />

Grupo <strong>de</strong> edad 0-14 años Grupo <strong>de</strong> edad 15-59 años Grupo <strong>de</strong> edad 60 años y más<br />

Age group 0-14 years Age group 15-59 years Age group 60 years and over<br />

País / Country<br />

1950-1975 1975-2000 2000-2025 2025-2050 1950-1975 1975-2000 2000-2025 2025-2050 1950-1975 1975-2000 2000-2025 2025-2050<br />

Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas<br />

Netherlands Antilles 13.2 -1.2 -2.2 -4.3 17.7 13.7 2.4 -0.3 14.9 22.5 34.2 6.8<br />

Argentina 15.0 12.0 0.5 -4.1 14.7 13.8 11.1 2.2 36.0 20.3 18.5 19.4<br />

Bahamas 36.8 5.8 -0.6 0.1 33.9 25.7 9.7 2.0 29.9 31.4 37.2 21.4<br />

Barbados 4.0 -13.4 -8.9 -4.5 3.7 10.8 -1.7 -10.4 24.8 2.7 27.9 10.4<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice / B<strong>el</strong>ize 34.5 12.8 -3.7 -0.8 19.1 28.6 20.8 3.2 31.8 16.1 35.5 37.7<br />

Bolivia 24.0 19.4 5.8 -5.0 21.3 24.9 23.6 9.9 22.0 28.4 31.8 34.0<br />

Brasil / Brazil 26.6 4.8 2.6 -4.5 27.9 24.9 9.6 -1.1 36.5 28.7 37.2 22.9<br />

Chile 21.4 5.1 – -3.5 20.4 19.6 8.9 2.8 26.8 25.8 33.2 15.4<br />

Colombia 28.8 9.2 2.0 -3.7 27.0 27.2 14.9 4.6 32.8 28.6 40.8 26.0<br />

Costa Rica 33.0 15.4 -2.0 -4.5 28.5 32.3 15.7 0.3 26.0 29.7 43.3 25.3<br />

Cuba 20.2 -15.2 -9.3 -4.8 15.6 15.8 -1.9 -8.4 30.7 20.4 26.2 9.0<br />

Ecuador 32.6 13.8 -0.6 -4.8 26.7 30.9 16.6 2.7 17.1 29.2 37.5 29.2<br />

El Salvador 32.2 6.9 1.6 -4.0 27.9 22.5 19.1 5.4 29.6 33.6 29.9 34.3<br />

Guatemala 29.7 23.7 9.8 -2.8 26.9 26.4 29.3 13.9 29.7 32.6 32.6 41.9<br />

Guyana 24.9 -13.2 -15.7 -23.7 20.6 10.1 -3.1 -20.8 14.3 10.5 28.2 15.4<br />

Haití / Haiti 20.8 20.3 4.8 -2.5 14.2 22.9 21.3 10.7 10.2 12.6 30.7 38.2<br />

Honduras 33.7 25.0 4.7 -2.7 28.8 34.8 26.6 9.5 33.7 39.2 40.3 38.9<br />

Jamaica 23.5 -4.7 -3.1 -0.6 5.3 19.5 11.9 2.3 29.7 14.8 25.8 26.5<br />

México / Mexico 34.3 7.1 -3.3 -7.7 27.8 29.6 13.2 -0.5 21.3 28.7 37.7 28.4<br />

Nicaragua 34.6 23.5 7.0 -4.1 28.9 32.2 28.0 11.4 30.1 33.9 41.8 41.4<br />

Panamá / Panama 30.3 9.6 3.7 -3.6 25.8 28.4 15.5 4.8 27.9 29.4 37.5 25.0<br />

Paraguay 27.7 25.1 11.0 -3.2 20.9 33.6 24.7 13.0 14.5 17.0 43.8 33.2<br />

Perú / Peru 29.0 12.5 -1.6 -4.9 26.3 26.7 16.2 3.6 26.6 31.2 35.2 28.9<br />

Puerto Rico 1.2 -2.3 -2.2 -2.9 16.1 14.7 5.5 -1.7 27.8 28.9 21.4 13.9<br />

República Dominicana<br />

Dominican Republic 31.3 8.2 0.3 -4.4 30.2 27.6 14.4 4.0 26.8 33.8 39.4 27.6<br />

Santa Lucía / Saint Lucia 18.3 -1.2 -4.9 -4.8 4.1 24.5 10.4 -1.9 21.3 15.5 25.3 26.0<br />

Suriname 28.1 -12.5 -14.6 -9.9 17.0 16.5 5.2 -10.2 6.4 18.7 24.3 27.3<br />

Trinidad y Tabago<br />

Trinidad and Tobago 16.2 -7.0 -7.4 -7.0 19.2 17.3 1.5 -9.6 27.3 19.0 33.8 18.6<br />

Uruguay 9.1 2.2 -0.3 -4.1 7.9 6.5 7.1 1.6 16.6 14.4 11.7 13.3<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>)<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) 36.5 16.0 1.0 -4.8 35.6 31.1 16.6 4.4 51.3 37.3 42.4 26.8


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 29<br />

1.1 POBLACIÓN / POPULATION<br />

1.1.7 TASA DE NATALIDAD, POR QUINQUENIOS a<br />

BIRTH RATE, BY FIVE-YEAR PERIODS a<br />

(Tasa bruta por cada mil habitantes / Cru<strong>de</strong> birth rate per thousands inhabitants)<br />

País / Country 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 2010-2015<br />

Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas / Netherlands Antilles 19.8 17.3 14.8 13.1 12.7<br />

Argentina 21.3 19.7 18.0 17.5 16.8<br />

Bahamas 23.7 21.4 19.8 18.3 17.0<br />

Barbados 14.3 13.0 12.3 11.4 10.9<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice / B<strong>el</strong>ize 34.4 30.6 27.3 24.7 22.6<br />

Bolivia 35.8 32.7 30.5 27.7 25.1<br />

Brasil / Brazil 22.6 21.6 20.7 19.2 17.6<br />

Chile 21.9 18.0 15.8 15.1 14.5<br />

Colombia 27.0 24.5 22.3 20.6 19.3<br />

Costa Rica 24.7 21.5 19.1 17.8 16.3<br />

Cuba 14.9 13.1 11.7 11.3 11.1<br />

Ecuador 27.5 25.6 23.3 21.4 19.7<br />

El Salvador 29.6 27.7 25.3 22.7 20.7<br />

Guatemala 38.9 37.3 35.8 33.3 30.5<br />

Guyana 24.5 23.8 21.9 19.1 16.5<br />

Haití / Haiti 33.6 31.8 30.4 28.8 26.7<br />

Honduras 37.1 33.5 30.0 26.9 24.3<br />

Jamaica 24.8 22.9 20.3 19.1 18.3<br />

México / Mexico 27.0 24.6 22.2 20.1 18.6<br />

Nicaragua 36.1 32.5 29.1 27.2 25.0<br />

Panamá / Panama 25.1 24.1 22.7 21.3 19.4<br />

Paraguay 34.1 31.3 29.6 28.0 26.2<br />

Perú / Peru 29.2 26.2 23.3 21.3 19.6<br />

Puerto Rico 17.5 15.4 14.4 13.7 13.5<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic 27.0 24.6 23.3 21.8 20.0<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas / Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 23.6 20.8 20.5 19.8 18.3<br />

Santa Lucía / Saint Lucia 26.2 19.2 18.8 18.8 17.9<br />

Suriname 22.9 23.7 21.3 19.8 18.3<br />

Trinidad y Tabago / Trinidad and Tobago 17.6 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.1<br />

Uruguay 18.2 17.7 16.9 16.1 15.4<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) / Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) 26.9 24.5 22.9 21.5 19.9<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe b / Latin America and the Caribbean b 25.5 23.5 21.7 20.1 18.6<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> c / Latin America c 25.5 23.6 21.9 20.4 18.9<br />

Caribe d / Caribbean d 23.0 21.0 20.1 19.1 18.0<br />

a Defi ned as the quotient of the mean number of births occurring during a given period and the average population<br />

in the same period.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 46 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, British<br />

Virgin Islands, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,<br />

Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Falklands Islands (Malvinas), French Guiana,<br />

Grenada, Guadalupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Netherlands<br />

Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the<br />

Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States Virgin Islands and Uruguay.<br />

c Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 20 economies: Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa<br />

Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua,<br />

Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

d Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 24 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, British Virgin Islands,<br />

Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Granada, Guadalupe, Haiti, Jamaica, Martinique,<br />

Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the<br />

Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, and United States Virgin Islands.<br />

a Se <strong>de</strong>fi ne como <strong>el</strong> cociente entre <strong>el</strong> número medio <strong>de</strong> nacimientos ocurridos durante un período <strong>de</strong>terminado y la<br />

población media <strong>de</strong>l mismo período.<br />

b Incluye 46 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados,<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guadalupe,<br />

Guatemala, Guyana, Guyana Francesa, Haití, Honduras, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Caimanes, Islas Malvinas<br />

(Falklands), Islas Turcas y Caicos, Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos, Jamaica, Martinica, México, Montserrat,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, Puerto Rico, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana,<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y Las Granadinas, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

c Incluye 20 economías: Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador,<br />

Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a,<br />

República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

d Incluye 24 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba,<br />

Dominica, Granada, Guadalupe, Haití, Islas Caimán, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados<br />

Unidos, Islas Turcas y Caicos, Jamaica, Martinica, Montserrat, Puerto Rico, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y<br />

Nevis, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y las Granadinas y Trinidad y Tabago.


30 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.1 POBLACIÓN / POPULATION<br />

1.1.8 TASA DE MORTALIDAD, POR QUINQUENIOS a<br />

MORTALITY RATE, BY FIVE-YEAR PERIODS a<br />

(Tasa bruta por cada mil habitantes / Cru<strong>de</strong> mortality rate per thousands inhabitants)<br />

País / Country 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 2010-2015<br />

Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas / Netherlands Antilles 6.6 6.7 7.0 7.1 7.6<br />

Argentina 8.2 7.9 7.9 7.8 7.7<br />

Bahamas 7.0 7.4 7.2 6.6 6.4<br />

Barbados 9.6 9.0 8.7 8.1 7.9<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice / B<strong>el</strong>ize 5.1 4.9 5.1 5.3 5.7<br />

Bolivia 10.0 8.9 8.2 7.6 7.1<br />

Brasil / Brazil 6.8 6.5 6.4 6.4 6.5<br />

Chile 5.5 5.4 5.2 5.5 5.9<br />

Colombia 6.4 5.8 5.5 5.4 5.6<br />

Costa Rica 4.2 4.0 4.0 4.2 4.4<br />

Cuba 6.8 7.1 7.2 7.7 8.2<br />

Ecuador 5.8 5.3 5.0 5.2 5.3<br />

El Salvador 6.7 6.1 5.9 5.8 5.8<br />

Guatemala 8.0 6.9 6.1 5.7 5.4<br />

Guyana 9.9 9.9 9.1 8.4 8.3<br />

Haití / Haiti 12.0 10.8 9.8 9.0 8.3<br />

Honduras 6.1 5.4 5.1 4.9 4.8<br />

Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos / United States Virgin Islands 5.3 5.2 5.8 6.6 7.5<br />

Jamaica 7.1 7.1 7.6 7.7 7.6<br />

México / Mexico 5.2 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.3<br />

Nicaragua 6.2 5.4 5.1 4.8 4.6<br />

Panamá / Panama 5.3 5.2 5.1 5.1 5.2<br />

Paraguay 6.0 5.4 5.1 4.9 4.7<br />

Perú / Peru 6.9 6.5 6.2 6.0 5.9<br />

Puerto Rico 7.9 7.9 8.1 8.3 8.6<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic 6.4 6.0 5.8 5.8 5.8<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas / Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 7.0 6.8 6.8 6.7 6.6<br />

Santa Lucía / Saint Lucia 6.9 7.0 7.0 6.9 6.8<br />

Suriname 6.8 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3<br />

Trinidad y Tabago / Trinidad and Tobago 6.6 6.9 7.9 8.5 8.9<br />

Uruguay 9.8 9.4 9.3 9.2 9.0<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) / Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) 4.8 4.9 5.1 5.2 5.3<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe b / Latin America and the Caribbean b 6.7 6.2 6.1 6.0 6.1<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> c / Latin America c 6.5 6.2 6.1 6.0 6.1<br />

Caribe d / Caribbean d 8.8 8.5 8.5 8.3 8.2<br />

a Defi ned as the quotient of the mean number of <strong>de</strong>aths occurring during a given period and the average population<br />

for the same period.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 46 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, British<br />

Virgin Islands, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,<br />

Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Falklands Islands (Malvinas), French Guiana,<br />

Grenada, Guadalupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Netherlands<br />

Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the<br />

Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States Virgin Islands and Uruguay.<br />

c Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 20 economies: Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba,<br />

Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru<br />

and Uruguay.<br />

d Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 24 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Cayman<br />

Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Granada, Guadalupe, Haiti, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat,<br />

Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad<br />

and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, and United States Virgin Islands.<br />

a Se <strong>de</strong>fi ne como <strong>el</strong> cociente entre <strong>el</strong> número medio anual <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>funciones ocurridas durante un período <strong>de</strong>terminado y<br />

la población media <strong>de</strong>l mismo período.<br />

b Incluye 46 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados,<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guadalupe,<br />

Guatemala, Guyana, Guyana Francesa, Haití, Honduras, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Caimanes, Islas Malvinas<br />

(Falklands), Islas Turcas y Caicos, Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos, Jamaica, Martinica, México, Montserrat,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, Puerto Rico, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint<br />

Kitts y Nevis, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y Las Granadinas, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

c Incluye 20 economías: Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala,<br />

Haití, Honduras, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana<br />

y Uruguay.<br />

d Incluye 24 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba,<br />

Dominica, Granada, Guadalupe, Haití, Islas Caimán, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos,<br />

Islas Turcas y Caicos, Jamaica, Martinica, Montserrat, Puerto Rico, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis,<br />

Santa Lucía, San Vicente y las Granadinas y Trinidad y Tabago.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 31<br />

1.1 POBLACIÓN / POPULATION<br />

1.1.9 TASA GLOBAL DE FECUNDIDAD, POR QUINQUENIOS a<br />

TOTAL FERTILITY RATE, BY FIVE-YEAR PERIODS a<br />

(Número <strong>de</strong> hijos por mujer / Number of children per woman)<br />

País / Country 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 2010-2015<br />

Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas / Netherlands Antilles 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.0<br />

Argentina 2.9 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.2<br />

Bahamas 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1<br />

Barbados 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice / B<strong>el</strong>ize 4.4 3.7 3.2 2.8 2.6<br />

Bolivia 4.8 4.3 4.0 3.5 3.1<br />

Brasil / Brazil 2.6 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.2<br />

Chile 2.6 2.2 2.0 1.9 1.9<br />

Colombia 3.0 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.4<br />

Costa Rica 3.0 2.6 2.3 2.1 1.9<br />

Cuba 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7<br />

Ecuador 3.4 3.1 2.8 2.6 2.4<br />

El Salvador 3.5 3.2 2.9 2.6 2.5<br />

Guatemala 5.5 5.0 4.6 4.2 3.7<br />

Guyana 2.6 2.5 2.3 2.1 2.0<br />

Haití / Haiti 4.8 4.4 4.0 3.6 3.3<br />

Honduras 4.9 4.3 3.7 3.2 2.9<br />

Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos / United States Virgin Islands 3.1 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.0<br />

Jamaica 2.8 2.7 2.4 2.3 2.2<br />

México / Mexico 3.1 2.8 2.5 2.3 2.2<br />

Nicaragua 4.6 3.9 3.3 3.0 2.7<br />

Panamá / Panama 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.5<br />

Paraguay 4.6 4.2 3.8 3.5 3.3<br />

Perú / Peru 3.7 3.2 2.9 2.6 2.4<br />

Puerto Rico 2.2 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.9<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic 3.2 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.4<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas / Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2.8 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1<br />

Santa Lucía / Saint Lucia 3.3 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.1<br />

Suriname 2.6 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.3<br />

Trinidad y Tabago / Trinidad and Tobago 2.1 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.7<br />

Uruguay 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.2<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) / Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) 3.3 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.4<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe b / Latin America and the Caribbean b 3.0 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.3<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> c / Latin America c 3.0 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.3<br />

Caribe d / Caribbean d 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.3<br />

a The total fertility rate is the average number of children which would be born to each woman of a hypothetical<br />

cohort of women whose child bearing during their period of fertility was consistent with the age-specifi c fertility<br />

rate of the population concerned and who were not exposed to mortality risk between birth and the end of their<br />

period of fertility. The rates used are those implicit in the population projections based on the recommen<strong>de</strong>d fertility<br />

hypothesis.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 46 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, British<br />

Virgin Islands, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,<br />

Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Falklands Islands (Malvinas), French Guiana,<br />

Grenada, Guadalupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Netherlands<br />

Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the<br />

Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States Virgin Islands and Uruguay.<br />

c Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 20 economies: Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba,<br />

Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru<br />

and Uruguay.<br />

d Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 24 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Cayman<br />

Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Granada, Guadalupe, Haiti, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat,<br />

Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad<br />

and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, and United States Virgin Islands.<br />

a La tasa global <strong>de</strong> fecundidad es <strong>el</strong> número <strong>de</strong> hijos que en promedio tendría cada mujer <strong>de</strong> una cohorte hipotética<br />

<strong>de</strong> mujeres que durante <strong>el</strong> período fértil tuvieran sus hijos <strong>de</strong> acuerdo con las tasas <strong>de</strong> fecundidad por eda<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> la<br />

población en estudio y no estuvieran expuestas a riesgos <strong>de</strong> mortalidad <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong> nacimiento hasta <strong>el</strong> término <strong>de</strong>l<br />

período fértil. Las tasas implícitas en las proyecciones <strong>de</strong> población están <strong>el</strong>aboradas según la hipótesis <strong>de</strong> fecundidad<br />

recomendada.<br />

b Incluye 46 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados,<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guadalupe,<br />

Guatemala, Guyana, Guyana Francesa, Haití, Honduras, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Caimanes, Islas Malvinas<br />

(Falklands), Islas Turcas y Caicos, Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos, Jamaica, Martinica, México, Montserrat,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, Puerto Rico, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint<br />

Kitts y Nevis, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y Las Granadinas, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

c Incluye 20 economías: Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala,<br />

Haití, Honduras, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana<br />

y Uruguay.<br />

d Incluye 24 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba,<br />

Dominica, Granada, Guadalupe, Haití, Islas Caimán, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos,<br />

Islas Turcas y Caicos, Jamaica, Martinica, Montserrat, Puerto Rico, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, Santa<br />

Lucía, San Vicente y las Granadinas y Trinidad y Tabago.


32 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.1 POBLACIÓN / POPULATION<br />

1.1.10 ESPERANZA DE VIDA AL NACER SEGÚN SEXO, POR QUINQUENIOS a<br />

LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH, BY SEX AND FIVE-YEAR PERIODS a<br />

(Años, promedio / Years, average)<br />

1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 2010-2015<br />

Ambos Hombres Mujeres Ambos Hombres Mujeres Ambos Hombres Mujeres Ambos Hombres Mujeres Ambos Hombres Mujeres sexos sexos sexos sexos sexos<br />

Country<br />

Both sexes Men Women Both sexes Men Women Both sexes Men Women Both sexes Men Women Both sexes Men Women<br />

País<br />

Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas 74.6 71.5 77.6 75.5 72.5 78.4 76.1 72.9 79.1 76.9 73.7 79.8 77.6 74.5 80.5 Netherlands Antilles<br />

Argentina 72.1 68.6 75.8 73.2 69.7 77.0 74.3 70.6 78.1 75.2 71.6 79.1 76.1 72.5 80.0 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 67.7 63.5 72.7 67.8 64.0 71.8 69.5 66.2 72.7 72.1 69.0 75.3 74.2 70.9 77.4 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 74.5 71.4 77.6 74.6 70.8 78.3 74.9 71.1 78.3 76.4 73.1 79.2 77.2 74.4 79.7 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 72.4 71.3 73.8 72.6 70.5 74.9 71.9 69.5 74.5 71.7 69.5 74.1 71.3 68.8 74.0 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 60.0 58.3 61.8 62.0 60.1 64.0 63.8 61.8 66.0 65.5 63.4 67.7 67.2 65.0 69.4 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 67.5 63.7 71.5 69.4 65.7 73.3 71.0 67.3 74.9 72.4 68.9 76.1 73.5 70.0 77.2 Brazil<br />

Chile 74.3 71.5 77.4 75.7 72.8 78.8 77.7 74.8 80.8 78.5 75.5 81.5 79.1 76.1 82.2 Chile<br />

Colombia 68.6 64.3 73.0 70.7 67.3 74.3 72.2 69.2 75.3 73.2 70.3 76.3 74.0 71.0 77.1 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 76.2 74.0 78.6 77.3 75.0 79.7 78.1 75.8 80.6 78.8 76.5 81.2 79.4 77.0 81.9 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 75.3 73.5 77.3 76.0 74.2 78.0 76.7 74.8 78.7 77.3 75.4 79.4 77.9 75.9 80.0 Cuba<br />

Ecuador 70.0 67.6 72.6 72.3 69.7 75.1 74.2 71.3 77.2 75.0 72.1 78.0 75.8 72.9 78.8 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 67.1 63.3 71.1 69.4 66.5 72.5 70.6 67.7 73.7 71.8 68.8 74.9 72.9 69.8 76.0 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 63.6 60.5 66.8 66.3 62.9 70.0 68.9 65.5 72.5 70.2 66.7 73.8 71.4 67.9 75.0 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 59.8 56.5 63.3 60.4 57.3 63.5 62.9 59.8 65.9 65.4 62.3 68.4 67.0 64.0 69.9 Guyana<br />

Haití 55.4 54.0 56.8 57.2 55.8 58.7 59.2 57.8 60.7 61.2 59.8 62.8 63.3 61.8 64.8 Haiti<br />

Honduras 67.7 65.4 70.1 69.8 67.5 72.3 71.0 68.6 73.4 72.1 69.7 74.5 73.1 70.7 75.6 Honduras<br />

Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los United States Virgin<br />

Estados Unidos 75.2 71.8 80.0 77.3 73.4 81.5 78.5 74.6 82.6 79.3 75.4 83.2 80.1 76.2 83.8 Islands<br />

Jamaica 71.6 69.9 73.5 71.6 69.7 73.5 70.7 68.9 72.5 71.1 69.4 72.7 72.1 70.5 73.8 Jamaica<br />

México 71.5 68.5 74.5 72.4 69.5 75.5 73.4 70.4 76.4 74.3 71.3 77.3 75.1 72.1 78.2 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 66.1 63.5 68.7 68.0 65.7 70.4 69.5 67.2 71.9 71.0 68.7 73.5 72.2 69.9 74.7 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 72.9 70.2 75.7 73.8 71.3 76.4 74.7 72.3 77.4 75.6 73.0 78.2 76.3 73.7 79.1 Panama<br />

Paraguay 68.5 66.3 70.8 69.7 67.5 72.0 70.8 68.6 73.1 71.9 69.7 74.2 72.9 70.7 75.2 Paraguay<br />

Perú 66.7 64.4 69.2 68.3 65.9 70.9 69.8 67.3 72.4 71.2 68.7 73.9 72.5 69.9 75.3 Peru<br />

Puerto Rico 73.9 69.6 79.1 74.9 70.4 79.6 76.0 71.6 80.5 76.9 72.6 81.1 77.6 73.4 81.7 Puerto Rico<br />

República Dominicana 67.0 65.0 69.0 68.6 66.5 70.8 70.1 67.8 72.4 71.4 69.0 73.9 72.6 70.1 75.2 Dominican Republic<br />

San Vicente y Saint Vincent and<br />

las Granadinas 69.8 67.1 72.5 70.2 67.5 73.0 71.0 68.2 73.8 72.0 69.3 74.8 72.9 70.2 75.6 the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 71.3 69.3 73.6 71.5 69.8 73.3 72.3 70.8 73.9 73.1 71.6 74.6 73.8 72.3 75.2 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 68.1 65.0 71.4 68.5 65.2 72.0 69.0 65.8 72.5 70.2 67.1 73.3 71.4 68.4 74.4 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 71.4 68.6 74.5 71.0 67.8 74.4 69.9 66.9 73.0 70.1 67.7 72.5 70.9 68.8 73.0 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 73.0 69.2 76.9 74.1 70.5 78.0 75.2 71.6 78.9 76.1 72.7 79.8 77.0 73.6 80.6 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 71.5 68.7 74.5 72.2 69.3 75.2 72.8 69.9 75.8 73.8 70.9 76.8 74.7 71.8 77.7 Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y Latin America and the<br />

<strong>el</strong> Caribe b 68.3 65.0 71.7 70.2 66.9 73.6 71.6 68.3 74.9 72.9 69.8 76.1 74.0 70.8 77.1 Caribbean b<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> c 69.0 65.8 72.4 70.6 67.4 73.9 71.9 68.8 75.2 73.1 70.0 76.3 74.0 70.9 77.3 Latin America c<br />

Caribe d 65.6 63.3 68.1 66.7 64.3 69.2 67.5 65.1 69.9 68.7 66.5 70.9 70.0 67.9 72.1 Caribbean d<br />

a The average life expectancy in years of a newborn child b<strong>el</strong>onging to a hypothetical cohort which is subject to a given<br />

rate of mortality throughout life.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 46 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, British Virgin<br />

Islands, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba,<br />

Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Falklands Islands (Malvinas), French Guiana, Grenada,<br />

Guadalupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles,<br />

Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,<br />

Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States Virgin Islands and Uruguay.<br />

c Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 20 economies: Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,<br />

Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay,<br />

Peru and Uruguay.<br />

d Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 24 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Cayman<br />

Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Granada, Guadalupe, Haiti, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat,<br />

Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and<br />

Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, and United States Virgin Islands.<br />

a Es <strong>el</strong> número medio <strong>de</strong> años que viviría en promedio cada recién nacido <strong>de</strong> una cohorte hipotética sometida durante<br />

su vida a una <strong>de</strong>terminada ley <strong>de</strong> mortalidad.<br />

b Incluye 46 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados,<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guadalupe,<br />

Guatemala, Guyana, Guyana Francesa, Haití, Honduras, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Caimanes, Islas Malvinas<br />

(Falklands), Islas Turcas y Caicos, Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos, Jamaica, Martinica, México, Montserrat,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, Puerto Rico, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint<br />

Kitts y Nevis, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y Las Granadinas, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

c Incluye 20 economías: Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador,<br />

Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a,<br />

República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

d Incluye 24 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba,<br />

Dominica, Granada, Guadalupe, Haití, Islas Caimán, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos,<br />

Islas Turcas y Caicos, Jamaica, Martinica, Montserrat, Puerto Rico, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, Santa<br />

Lucía, San Vicente y las Granadinas y Trinidad y Tabago.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 33<br />

1.1 POBLACIÓN / POPULATION<br />

1.1.11 PORCENTAJE DE POBLACIÓN URBANA a<br />

PERCENTAGE OF URBAN POPULATION a<br />

(Porcentaje <strong>de</strong> la población total / Percentage of total population)<br />

País / Country 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015<br />

Anguila / Anguilla 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0<br />

Antigua y Barbuda / Antigua and Barbuda 35.4 35.8 36.8 38.4 40.6 43.4<br />

Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas / Netherlands Antilles 68.3 68.6 69.2 70.1 71.4 73.1<br />

Argentina 85.8 87.4 89.6 91.8 93.1 94.0<br />

Aruba 50.3 48.8 46.7 44.7 43.7 43.7<br />

Bahamas 83.6 86.5 88.5 90.0 91.0 91.6<br />

Barbados 44.8 47.3 50.0 52.9 55.9 59.1<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice / B<strong>el</strong>ize 48.1 48.0 48.0 48.6 49.9 51.8<br />

Bolivia 55.6 59.2 61.8 64.2 66.4 68.3<br />

Brasil / Brazil 74.7 77.9 81.2 83.4 85.0 86.2<br />

Chile 82.8 83.8 85.3 86.6 87.5 88.3<br />

Colombia 69.3 72.1 74.5 76.6 78.4 80.0<br />

Costa Rica 49.7 54.2 58.7 62.6 66.0 68.8<br />

Cuba 71.7 73.2 74.7 76.1 77.4 78.5<br />

Dominica 67.7 69.3 71.0 72.7 74.4 76.2<br />

Ecuador 55.1 57.8 60.4 62.8 65.0 67.0<br />

El Salvador 49.8 52.5 55.2 57.8 60.3 62.6<br />

Granada / Grenada 32.2 35.0 38.5 42.2 45.8 49.4<br />

Guatemala 34.3 36.5 43.0 50.0 57.2 63.6<br />

Guyana 33.2 34.5 36.3 38.5 41.1 44.2<br />

Haití / Haiti 30.5 34.3 38.1 41.8 45.3 48.4<br />

Honduras 40.4 42.9 45.3 47.9 50.6 53.2<br />

Islas Vírgenes Británicas / British Virgin Islands 50.2 56.0 61.1 65.4 69.0 71.8<br />

Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos / United States Virgin Islands 87.7 90.4 92.6 94.1 95.1 95.8<br />

Jamaica 51.5 51.9 52.1 52.2 52.9 54.2<br />

México / Mexico 70.6 72.7 74.8 76.5 78.1 79.5<br />

Montserrat 12.5 12.5 12.9 13.8 15.1 16.9<br />

Nicaragua 52.5 54.0 55.4 56.9 58.2 59.5<br />

Panamá / Panama 53.8 58.1 62.3 65.8 68.7 71.1<br />

Paraguay 48.7 52.1 55.3 58.4 61.3 64.0<br />

Perú / Peru 68.7 71.0 71.9 72.6 73.3 73.8<br />

Puerto Rico 72.2 87.1 94.6 97.5 98.6 99.1<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic 50.9 57.6 61.7 65.6 68.7 71.2<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis / Saint Kitts and Nevis 34.6 33.7 32.8 31.9 31.8 32.5<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas / Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 40.6 48.1 54.8 60.5 65.1 68.6<br />

Santa Lucía / Saint Lucia 26.7 27.8 29.3 31.3 33.8 36.8<br />

Suriname 65.4 70.2 74.1 77.2 79.7 81.6<br />

Trinidad y Tabago / Trinidad and Tobago 69.1 71.7 74.1 76.2 78.1 79.7<br />

Uruguay 88.9 90.5 91.3 91.9 92.4 92.8<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) / Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) 83.9 87.4 90.8 92.8 93.6 94.0<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe b / Latin America and the Caribbean b 71.1 73.3 75.5 77.6 79.4 80.9<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> c / Latin America c 70.6 73.2 75.8 77.8 79.5 80.8<br />

Caribe d / Caribbean d 58.7 61.4 63.3 64.7 66.2 67.8<br />

a The <strong>de</strong>fi nition of the term “urban” corresponds to that used in each country.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 46 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, British Virgin<br />

Islands, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba,<br />

Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Falklands Islands (Malvinas), French Guiana, Grenada,<br />

Guadalupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles,<br />

Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,<br />

Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States Virgin Islands and Uruguay.<br />

c Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 20 economies: Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,<br />

Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama,<br />

Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

d Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 24 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Cayman<br />

Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Granada, Guadalupe, Haiti, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat,<br />

Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad<br />

and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, and United States Virgin Islands.<br />

a La <strong>de</strong>fi nición <strong>de</strong>l término “urbano” correspon<strong>de</strong> a la utilizada en cada país.<br />

b Incluye 46 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados,<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guadalupe,<br />

Guatemala, Guyana, Guyana Francesa, Haití, Honduras, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Caimanes, Islas Malvinas<br />

(Falklands), Islas Turcas y Caicos, Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos, Jamaica, Martinica, México, Montserrat,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, Puerto Rico, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana,<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y Las Granadinas, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

c Incluye 20 economías: Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador,<br />

Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a,<br />

República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

d Incluye 24 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba,<br />

Dominica, Granada, Guadalupe, Haití, Islas Caimán, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados<br />

Unidos, Islas Turcas y Caicos, Jamaica, Martinica, Montserrat, Puerto Rico, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y<br />

Nevis, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y las Granadinas y Trinidad y Tabago.


34 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.1 POBLACIÓN / POPULATION<br />

1.1.12 POBLACIÓN EN EL ÁREA METROPOLITANA PRINCIPAL a<br />

POPULATION IN THE MAIN METROPOLITAN AREA a<br />

Tasa <strong>de</strong> crecimiento <strong>de</strong> la población<br />

Population growth rate<br />

Porcentaje <strong>de</strong> la población<br />

(Tasa anual media<br />

Percentage of total population<br />

Average annual rate)<br />

1990 b 2000 b 1990-2000<br />

Área metropolitana principal<br />

Main metropolitan area<br />

País / Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda / Antigua and Barbuda St. John’s ... 36.9 ...<br />

Argentina Gran Buenos Aires / Greater Buenos Aires 34.5 32.3 0.3<br />

Bahamas Nassau 67.6 71.4 2.4<br />

Barbados c Bridgetown 44.8 50.7 1.7<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice / B<strong>el</strong>ize Ciudad B<strong>el</strong>ice / B<strong>el</strong>ize City 26.5 21.2 1.1<br />

Bolivia La Paz 17.4 17.6 2.6<br />

Brasil / Brazil São Paulo 10.2 10.1 1.6<br />

Chile Santiago 35.4 36.0 1.2<br />

Colombia Bogotá 15.8 16.3 2.1<br />

Costa Rica San José 26.1 23.9 2.5<br />

Cuba La Habana / Havana 20.0 20.2 0.7<br />

Dominica Roseau ... 36.6 ...<br />

Ecuador Guayaquil 15.6 17.9 2.8<br />

El Salvador San Salvador 20.4 21.6 2.2<br />

Granada d / Grenada d St. George’s ... 38.3 ...<br />

Guatemala Ciudad <strong>de</strong> Guatemala / Guatemala City 19.6 28.8 7.2<br />

Guyana Georgetown ... 40.0 ...<br />

Haití / Haiti Puerto Príncipe / Port-au-Prince 16.1 22.2 3.8<br />

Honduras Tegucigalpa 14.5 14.9 1.9<br />

Jamaica Kingston 24.6 25.9 1.3<br />

México / Mexico Ciudad <strong>de</strong> México / Mexico City 18.5 18.2 1.4<br />

Nicaragua Managua 18.8 20.0 1.8<br />

Panamá / Panama Ciudad <strong>de</strong> Panamá / Panama City 36.3 41.5 3.5<br />

Paraguay Asunción 29.5 23.1 3<br />

Perú / Peru Lima 27.9 29.1 1.8<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic Santo Domingo 21.9 30.9 4.9<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis / Saint Kitts and Nevis Basseterre ... 31.6 ...<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas / Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Kingstown 24.3 24.6 0.7<br />

Santa Lucía / Saint Lucia Castries 45.9 38.3 0.9<br />

Suriname Paramaribo 25.0 57.3 1.1<br />

Trinidad y Tabago / Trinidad and Tobago Puerto España / Port of Spain ... 4.2 ...<br />

Uruguay Montevi<strong>de</strong>o 50.3 39.5 0.7<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) / Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) Caracas 15.3 12.9 1.4<br />

a Metropolitan area refers to the city in question plus the high <strong>de</strong>nsity zones in its environments.<br />

b The data refer to the years in which population and housing censuses were conducted in each country; i.e., around<br />

the year at the top of the column.<br />

c Corresponds to the Parishes of St. Micha<strong>el</strong> and St. James.<br />

a Se consi<strong>de</strong>ró como área metropolitana la superfi cie <strong>de</strong> la ciudad central más las zonas <strong>de</strong> alta <strong>de</strong>nsidad <strong>de</strong> su entorno.<br />

b Los datos se refi eren a los años en que se realizaron los censos <strong>de</strong> población y vivienda en cada país, esto es,<br />

alre<strong>de</strong>dor <strong>de</strong>l año que encabeza la columna.<br />

c Correspon<strong>de</strong> a las parroquias <strong>de</strong> St. Micha<strong>el</strong> y St. James.<br />

d Corresponds to the Parish of St. George.<br />

d Correspon<strong>de</strong> a la parroquia <strong>de</strong> St. George.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 35<br />

1.1 POBLACIÓN / POPULATION<br />

1.1.13 TAMAÑO MEDIO DE LOS HOGARES URBANOS, SEGÚN QUINTILES DE INGRESO a<br />

URBAN HOUSEHOLDS AVERAGE SIZE, BY INCOME QUINTILE a<br />

(Personas / Persons)<br />

Quintiles <strong>de</strong> ingreso familiar / Quintiles of household income<br />

País / Country Año / Year Total 1 2 3 4 5<br />

Argentina 1990 b 3.4 4.5 3.2 3.5 3.2 2.8<br />

2004 c 3.3 4.6 3.7 3.2 2.8 2.5<br />

Bolivia 1989 d 4.7 4.9 5.3 4.8 4.5 4.0<br />

2002 4.3 5.3 4.8 4.3 4.0 3.2<br />

Brasil / Brazil 1990 4.0 4.8 4.3 4.0 3.7 3.2<br />

2003 3.5 4.5 3.9 3.2 3.1 2.7<br />

Chile 1990 4.0 4.8 4.4 4.1 3.6 3.4<br />

2003 3.8 4.5 4.2 3.7 3.4 3.0<br />

Colombia 1990 e 4.4 5.1 4.8 4.5 4.0 3.4<br />

2002 4.0 4.5 4.5 4.2 3.7 3.0<br />

Costa Rica 1990 4.2 4.7 4.7 4.2 4.1 3.3<br />

2002 3.9 4.3 4.2 4.1 3.6 3.1<br />

Ecuador 1990 4.7 5.3 5.2 4.8 4.3 3.7<br />

2002 4.1 4.9 4.5 4.2 3.8 2.9<br />

El Salvador 1995 4.3 5.2 4.7 4.4 3.9 3.4<br />

2001 4.1 4.7 4.4 4.2 3.7 3.3<br />

Guatemala 1990 f 4.5 5.2 4.8 4.5 4.0 3.5<br />

2002 4.3 5.0 4.8 4.4 4.0 3.5<br />

Honduras 1990 5.1 5.8 5.6 5.2 4.6 4.1<br />

2002 4.6 5.5 5.1 4.7 4.2 3.6<br />

México / Mexico 1989 4.7 6.2 5.3 4.6 4.1 3.4<br />

2004 3.9 5.0 4.4 3.9 3.5 2.9<br />

Nicaragua 1993 5.3 6.0 6.2 5.3 5.0 4.0<br />

2001 5.1 5.9 5.7 5.1 4.7 3.9<br />

Panamá / Panama 1991 4.3 5.0 5.0 4.4 3.8 3.1<br />

2002 4.1 4.8 4.3 3.9 3.4 3.0<br />

Paraguay 1990 g 4.7 5.7 5.3 4.8 4.0 3.6<br />

2000 4.4 5.3 5.1 4.5 3.9 3.3<br />

Perú / Peru 1997 4.5 5.5 5.1 4.6 4.1 3.3<br />

2003 4.4 5.5 4.8 4.5 4.0 3.3<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic 1997 4.2 4.7 4.7 4.4 3.9 3.3<br />

2002 3.9 4.2 4.1 4.0 3.6 3.3<br />

Uruguay 1990 3.3 4.5 3.5 3.1 2.8 2.4<br />

2002 3.1 4.6 3.4 2.8 2.4 2.1<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) / Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) 1990 5.0 5.8 5.5 5.1 4.6 3.8<br />

2002 h 4.4 5.0 5.0 4.5 4.1 3.5<br />

a Household income is classifi ed by quintile, based on per capita income. Quintile 1 is composed of the<br />

poorest households; quintile 5 corresponds to the richest.<br />

b Metropolitan area.<br />

c Twenty-eight urban agglomerations.<br />

d Cochabamba, El Alto, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Sucre, Tarija and Trinidad.<br />

e Barranquilla, Bogotá, Bucaramanga, Cali, Cartagena, Manizales, Me<strong>de</strong>llín and Pasto.<br />

a El ingreso <strong>de</strong> los hogares está or<strong>de</strong>nado por quintiles según su ingreso per cápita. El quintil 1 correspon<strong>de</strong><br />

a los hogares más pobres y <strong>el</strong> quintil 5 a los hogares más ricos.<br />

b Área Metropolitana.<br />

c Veintiocho aglomerados urbanos.<br />

d Cochabamba, El Alto, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Sucre, Tarija y Trinidad.<br />

e Barranquilla, Bogotá, Bucaramanga, Cali, Cartagena, Manizales, Me<strong>de</strong>llín y Pasto.<br />

f Urban areas of the capital.<br />

g Metropolitan area of Asunción.<br />

f Zonas urbanas <strong>de</strong> la capital.<br />

g Área Metropolitana <strong>de</strong> Asunción.<br />

h National.<br />

h Nacional.


36 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.1 POBLACIÓN / POPULATION<br />

1.1.14 TIPOS DE HOGARES URBANOS, SEGÚN SEXO DEL JEFE<br />

TYPES OF URBAN HOUSEHOLDS, BY SEX OF HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD<br />

(Porcentaje <strong>de</strong>l total <strong>de</strong> hogares / Percentage of total number of households)<br />

Tipos <strong>de</strong> hogares / Types of households<br />

Total hogares Unipersonal Nuclear biparental Nuclear monoparental Nuclear sin hijos Extenso y compuesto<br />

Año Total households One person Nuclear, both parents Nuclear, single parent Nuclear, no children Exten<strong>de</strong>d and composite<br />

País Year Sexo <strong>de</strong>l jefe / Sex of head Country<br />

Hombre Mujer Hombre Mujer Hombre Mujer Hombre Mujer Hombre Mujer Hombre Mujer<br />

Man Woman Man Woman Man Woman Man Woman Man Woman Man Woman<br />

Argentina 1990 a 78.9 21.1 31.4 68.6 99.1 0.9 15.9 84.1 99.3 0.7 68.1 31.9 Argentina<br />

2004 b 68.9 31.1 36.4 63.6 94.2 5.8 16.3 83.7 92.9 7.1 59.8 40.2<br />

Bolivia 1990 c 82.6 17.4 55.7 44.3 99.5 0.5 15.4 84.6 98.8 1.2 73.6 26.4 Bolivia<br />

2002 76.5 23.5 52.6 47.4 97.9 2.1 14.8 85.2 93.4 6.6 66.1 33.9<br />

Brasil 1990 79.9 20.1 44.1 55.9 99.3 0.7 12.4 87.6 98.6 1.4 67.5 32.5 Brazil<br />

2003 72.0 28.0 46.6 53.4 95.6 4.4 10.8 89.2 94.1 5.9 57.0 43.0<br />

Chile 1990 78.6 21.4 42.9 57.1 99.5 0.5 13.2 86.8 99.1 0.9 66.6 33.4 Chile<br />

2003 72.6 27.4 44.8 55.2 94.2 5.8 12.1 87.9 91.7 8.3 63.0 37.0<br />

Colombia 1990 d 77.3 22.7 47.1 52.9 98.5 1.5 11.0 89.0 99.1 0.9 66.0 34.0 Colombia<br />

2004 71.0 29.0 55.4 44.6 95.6 4.4 12.3 87.7 93.8 6.2 59.9 40.1<br />

Costa Rica 1990 77.3 22.7 44.6 55.4 98.8 1.2 9.8 90.2 98.1 1.9 63.6 36.4 Costa Rica<br />

2004 69.6 30.4 53.7 46.3 94.9 5.1 6.8 93.2 91.7 8.3 56.1 43.9<br />

Ecuador 1990 83.1 16.9 58.7 41.3 99.8 0.2 17.9 82.1 99.1 0.9 75.0 25.0 Ecuador<br />

2004 76.5 23.5 59.6 40.4 97.1 2.9 18.8 81.2 95.9 4.1 69.6 30.4<br />

El Salvador 1990 71.1 28.9 56.4 43.6 98.0 2.0 15.1 84.9 98.0 2.0 60.6 39.4 El Salvador<br />

2004 64.7 35.3 56.5 43.5 92.8 7.2 9.9 90.1 88.3 11.7 53.1 46.9<br />

Guatemala 1990 e 80.2 19.8 44.4 55.6 100.0 – 12.9 87.1 100.0 – 71.6 28.4 Guatemala<br />

2004 77.5 22.5 49.0 51.0 98.2 1.8 17.9 82.1 93.7 6.3 67.5 32.5<br />

Honduras 1990 73.4 26.6 60.0 40.0 98.1 1.9 11.0 89.0 98.5 1.5 62.4 37.6 Honduras<br />

2003 69.0 31.0 57.8 42.2 97.0 3.0 11.7 88.3 89.1 10.9 57.8 42.2<br />

México 1989 84.3 15.7 49.4 50.6 99.7 0.3 16.1 83.9 99.1 0.9 71.7 28.3 Mexico<br />

2004 74.9 25.1 46.4 53.6 96.9 3.1 12.4 87.6 92.6 7.4 63.2 36.8<br />

Nicaragua 1993 65.1 34.9 55.5 44.5 91.6 8.4 12.9 87.1 91.5 8.5 51.7 48.3 Nicaragua<br />

2001 65.1 34.9 56.0 44.0 93.8 6.2 9.3 90.7 96.9 3.1 53.4 46.6<br />

Panamá 1991 74.0 26.0 61.9 38.1 96.7 3.3 15.8 84.2 95.7 4.3 63.4 36.6 Panama<br />

2004 69.7 30.3 57.7 42.3 94.4 5.6 13.3 86.7 94.4 5.6 59.8 40.2<br />

Paraguay 1990 f 79.7 20.3 45.5 54.5 100.0 – 18.5 81.5 97.8 2.2 72.4 27.6 Paraguay<br />

2003 68.2 31.8 56.0 44.0 89.9 10.1 11.8 88.2 87.8 12.2 59.0 41.0<br />

Perú 1997 79.7 20.3 64.0 36.0 98.9 1.1 18.3 81.7 97.2 2.8 72.4 27.6 Peru<br />

2003 76.1 23.9 60.1 39.9 97.5 2.5 15.2 84.8 97.6 2.4 66.9 33.1<br />

Rep. Dominicana 1992 74.0 26.0 54.5 45.5 98.0 2.0 16.5 83.5 93.8 6.2 62.3 37.7 Dominican Rep.<br />

2004 67.4 32.6 58.3 41.7 93.7 6.3 16.7 83.3 92.4 7.6 54.1 45.9<br />

Uruguay 1990 74.8 25.2 29.4 70.6 99.2 0.8 15.0 85.0 98.1 1.9 65.0 35.0 Uruguay<br />

2004 67.9 39.8 35.3 64.7 94.8 5.2 15.5 84.5 93.3 6.7 60.2 39.8<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a 1990 77.9 22.1 61.7 38.3 99.9 0.1 12.4 87.6 99.9 0.1 67.3 32.7 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a<br />

(Rep. Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 2002 g 71.2 28.8 70.7 29.3 94.2 5.8 12.1 87.9 92.3 7.7 59.8 40.2 (Bolivarian Rep. of)<br />

a Metropolitan area.<br />

b Twenty-eight urban agglomerations.<br />

c Cochabamba, El Alto, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Sucre, Tarija and Trinidad.<br />

d Barranquilla, Bogotá, Bucaramanga, Cali, Cartagena, Manizales, Me<strong>de</strong>llín and Pasto.<br />

a Área Metropolitana.<br />

b Veintiocho aglomerados urbanos.<br />

c Cochabamba, El Alto, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Sucre, Tarija, y Trinidad.<br />

d Barranquilla, Bogotá, Bucaramanga, Cali, Cartagena, Manizales, Me<strong>de</strong>llín y Pasto.<br />

e Urban areas of the capital.<br />

f Metropolitan area of Asunción.<br />

e Zonas urbanas <strong>de</strong> la capital.<br />

f Área Metropolitana <strong>de</strong> Asunción.<br />

g National.<br />

g Nacional.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 37<br />

1.1 POBLACIÓN / POPULATION<br />

1.1.15 TIPOS DE HOGARES URBANOS, SEGÚN NIVEL DE INGRESO PER CÁPITA DEL HOGAR, 2004 a<br />

TYPES OF URBAN HOUSEHOLDS, BY HOUSEHOLD PER CAPITA INCOME LEVEL, 2004 a<br />

(Porcentaje <strong>de</strong>l total <strong>de</strong> hogares en cada quintil b / Percentage of total number of households in each quintile b )<br />

Tipos <strong>de</strong> hogares / Types of households<br />

Unipersonal Nuclear biparental Nuclear monoparental Nuclear sin hijos Extenso y compuesto<br />

One person Nuclear, both parents Nuclear, single parent Nuclear, no children Exten<strong>de</strong>d and composite<br />

Country<br />

País Quintiles <strong>de</strong> ingreso Quintiles <strong>de</strong> ingreso Quintiles <strong>de</strong> ingreso Quintiles <strong>de</strong> ingreso Quintiles <strong>de</strong> ingreso<br />

Income quintiles Income quintiles Income quintiles Income quintiles Income quintiles<br />

1 3 5 1 3 5 1 3 5 1 3 5 1 3 5<br />

Argentina c 4.8 17.2 26.6 45.3 39.9 33.0 16.4 11.0 9.1 6.5 12.0 21.4 27.1 20.0 10.0 Argentina c<br />

Bolivia 3.5 5.8 18.3 63.3 52.9 35.0 12.0 12.1 15.0 2.0 4.3 11.3 19.2 25.0 20.4 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 3.9 14.3 18.5 56.5 40.3 37.7 13.6 11.2 10.5 3.3 12.0 18.8 22.7 22.1 14.6 Brazil<br />

Chile 3.2 8.7 18.4 49.0 43.4 41.5 11.4 8.9 9.2 2.8 7.6 14.7 33.5 31.4 16.2 Chile<br />

Colombia 7.7 4.2 17.7 41.9 39.4 33.7 13.0 11.6 12.2 4.6 6.1 12.6 32.8 38.6 23.9 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 6.7 3.9 13.3 42.2 48.3 47.0 15.5 12.7 11.0 6.3 7.9 14.4 29.3 27.2 14.4 Costa Rica<br />

Ecuador 4.5 4.3 23.4 42.9 47.0 36.3 12.8 10.8 10.1 3.5 5.5 11.9 36.3 32.4 18.3 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 5.4 7.2 13.9 35.2 34.8 36.5 14.0 13.0 11.3 3.6 5.2 8.8 41.7 39.9 29.5 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 0.9 2.4 16.6 56.5 47.8 45.3 12.0 8.3 8.3 4.4 6.8 7.0 26.2 34.7 22.8 Guatemala<br />

Honduras 2.0 3.1 12.0 42.4 38.9 34.4 14.3 11.1 12.4 1.9 3.7 7.2 39.5 43.2 34.0 Honduras<br />

México 2.0 7.1 20.2 53.0 48.2 40.1 10.3 10.2 9.7 3.2 7.0 15.3 31.4 27.6 14.6 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 2.0 3.4 9.1 35.7 41.4 38.5 14.6 12.1 9.1 1.0 1.9 9.6 46.6 41.2 33.7 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 8.0 8.5 20.1 42.4 39.5 32.6 12.7 11.0 8.5 5.4 7.7 15.3 31.6 33.3 23.6 Panama<br />

Paraguay 2.6 6.7 17.5 45.2 38.7 34.3 12.5 10.2 8.6 4.5 5.1 8.5 35.2 39.4 31.1 Paraguay<br />

Perú 2.4 4.4 17.4 51.3 43.8 37.3 8.0 12.5 10.7 2.3 3.3 7.8 35.9 36.1 26.8 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 7.9 7.7 15.6 28.6 39.8 36.6 22.9 8.7 9.2 2.3 7.1 11.2 38.2 36.8 27.4 Dominican Republic<br />

Uruguay 1.7 15.3 37.4 52.2 31.8 22.1 11.3 10.1 8.6 4.2 20.3 21.9 30.6 22.5 10.0 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) d 6.0 4.8 12.4 41.3 40.4 38.9 13.8 10.2 9.1 2.7 4.7 10.0 36.2 39.9 29.6 Republic of) d<br />

a Household income is classifi ed by quintile, based on per capita income. Quintile 1 is composed of the poorest<br />

households; quintile 5 corresponds to the richest.<br />

b Data refers to the year nearest to 2004.<br />

a El ingreso <strong>de</strong> los hogares está or<strong>de</strong>nado por quintiles según su ingreso per cápita. El quintil 1 correspon<strong>de</strong> a los<br />

hogares más pobres y <strong>el</strong> quintil 5 a los hogares más ricos.<br />

b Los datos se refi eren al año más cercano al 2004.<br />

c Twenty-eight urban agglomerations.<br />

c Veintiocho aglomerados urbanos.<br />

d National.<br />

d Nacional.


38 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.2 TRABAJO / LABOUR<br />

1.2.1 POBLACIÓN ECONÓMICAMENTE ACTIVA, POR SEXO a<br />

ECONOMICALLY ACTIVE POPULATION, BY SEX a<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> personas / Thousands of persons)<br />

1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015<br />

Country<br />

Ambos Ambos Ambos Ambos Ambos Ambos<br />

País<br />

sexos Hombres Mujeres sexos Hombres Mujeres sexos Hombres Mujeres sexos Hombres Mujeres sexos Hombres Mujeres sexos Hombres Mujeres<br />

Both Men Women Both Men Women Both Men Women Both Men Women Both Men Women Both Men Women<br />

sexes sexes sexes sexes sexes sexes<br />

Argentina 13 087 8 384 4 703 14 333 9 073 5 260 15 645 9 778 5 867 17 005 10 522 6 483 18 419 11 303 7 116 19 798 12 055 7 743 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 2 327 1 589 738 2 681 1 788 893 3 138 2 047 1 091 3 669 2 344 1 325 4 279 2 680 1 599 4 959 3 046 1 913 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 63 745 42 606 21 140 71 975 47 042 24 933 80 694 51 574 29 120 89 103 55 748 33 355 96 763 59 390 37 373 103 873 62 602 41 271 Brazil<br />

Chile 4 703 3 345 1 358 5 386 3 721 1 664 6 063 4 069 1 994 6 793 4 432 2 361 7 549 4 800 2 749 8 220 5 108 3 112 Chile<br />

Colombia 12 767 8 468 4 299 14 747 9 546 5 201 16 979 10 769 6 210 19 348 12 048 7 300 21 802 13 350 8 452 24 249 14 605 9 643 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 1 123 853 270 1 323 973 351 1 583 1 126 457 1 859 1 284 576 2 136 1 433 702 2 381 1 558 823 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 4 497 3 002 1 495 4 930 3 235 1 695 5 186 3 360 1 826 5 361 3 428 1 933 5 512 3 481 2 031 5 590 3 493 2 096 Cuba<br />

Ecuador 3 578 2 662 916 4 235 3 059 1 177 4 812 3 376 1 436 5 440 3 711 1 729 6 155 4 088 2 067 6 908 4 473 2 435 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1 722 1 246 476 2 043 1 432 611 2 409 1 641 769 2 784 1 847 937 3 172 2 056 1 116 3 579 2 270 1 309 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 2 648 2 133 515 3 045 2 347 698 3 539 2 582 957 4 189 2 906 1 284 5 026 3 331 1 695 6 072 3 874 2 198 Guatemala<br />

Haití 2 739 1 594 1 145 3 086 1 781 1 305 3 523 2 020 1 503 4 024 2 298 1 726 4 558 2 595 1 963 5 093 2 894 2 198 Haiti<br />

Honduras 1 655 1 309 346 1 995 1 528 467 2 405 1 785 621 2 885 2 075 810 3 420 2 385 1 035 3 998 2 704 1 293 Honduras<br />

México 30 085 21 513 8 572 35 321 24 463 10 858 40 601 27 286 13 315 45 887 29 962 15 926 51 277 32 566 18 711 56 454 34 915 21 539 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 1 367 927 440 1 617 1 088 529 1 888 1 248 640 2 227 1 446 781 2 604 1 662 942 3 004 1 888 1 116 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 866 613 253 1 020 699 321 1 182 786 395 1 346 873 473 1 511 958 553 1 673 1 039 633 Panama<br />

Paraguay 1 444 1 093 351 1 686 1 256 430 1 994 1 464 530 2 346 1 697 648 2 728 1 945 783 3 106 2 195 911 Paraguay<br />

Perú 8 234 5 554 2 679 9 425 6 256 3 169 10 788 7 021 3 766 12 242 7 824 4 418 13 781 8 658 5 123 15 372 9 499 5 873 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 2 776 1 963 813 3 154 2 174 979 3 587 2 419 1 168 4 078 2 687 1 391 4 596 2 963 1 633 5 110 3 228 1 882 Dominican Republic<br />

Uruguay 1 357 822 534 1 450 862 588 1 531 897 635 1 613 931 682 1 700 969 731 1 793 1 009 784 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 6 989 4 948 2 041 8 245 5 648 2 598 9 638 6 394 3 244 11 128 7 174 3 954 12 640 7 939 4 700 14 085 8 637 5 448 Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 167 707 114 621 53 086 191 697 127 971 63 727 217 184 141 642 75 542 243 327 155 237 88 090 269 627 168 552 101 075 295 315 181 094 114 221 Latin America b<br />

a a Se refi ere a población <strong>de</strong> 10 años y más.<br />

Refers to population aged 10 and over.<br />

b b Incluye 20 economías: Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala,<br />

Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 20 economies: Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia,<br />

Haití, Honduras, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico,<br />

y Uruguay. Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 39<br />

1.2 TRABAJO / LABOUR<br />

1.2.2 TASA DE PARTICIPACIÓN EN LA ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA, POR SEXO a<br />

ECONOMIC PARTICIPATION RATE, BY SEX a<br />

(Porcentaje sobre la población <strong>de</strong> 10 años y más / Percentage of the total population aged 10 years and over)<br />

Ambos sexos / Both sexes Hombres / Men Mujeres / Women<br />

País Country<br />

1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015<br />

Argentina 50.5 51.4 52.4 53.4 54.5 55.7 66.5 66.9 67.4 68.0 68.9 69.7 35.4 36.7 38.2 39.6 41.0 42.4 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 49.2 50.4 51.5 52.7 54.4 56.2 68.5 68.3 68.2 68.1 68.8 69.6 30.6 33.0 35.3 37.6 40.3 43.1 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 56.1 56.4 57.4 58.6 59.1 59.1 76.0 74.9 74.7 74.8 74.1 72.9 36.7 38.5 40.7 43.0 44.7 46.0 Brazil<br />

Chile 45.2 47.1 48.2 49.6 51.7 53.5 65.6 66.2 65.8 65.7 66.7 67.6 25.6 28.6 31.2 33.9 37.1 39.9 Chile<br />

Colombia 48.4 50.1 51.7 53.0 54.4 55.7 65.3 66.3 67.0 67.3 67.8 68.3 32.1 34.6 37.1 39.2 41.4 43.5 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 49.0 49.9 50.9 52.8 54.8 56.4 73.3 72.3 71.4 71.8 72.5 72.7 23.9 26.8 29.8 33.2 36.6 39.5 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 50.6 53.6 53.9 54.3 54.9 54.8 67.4 70.3 69.9 69.6 69.5 68.6 33.7 36.8 37.9 39.1 40.4 41.0 Cuba<br />

Ecuador 47.6 49.3 51.0 52.7 54.3 55.9 70.7 71.2 71.6 72.1 72.3 72.7 24.4 27.4 30.4 33.5 36.4 39.3 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 46.2 48.5 51.0 52.7 54.2 55.8 69.2 70.3 71.6 72.0 72.1 72.5 24.7 28.0 31.6 34.5 37.2 39.9 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 43.9 44.6 45.9 47.4 49.3 51.6 70.5 69.8 69.3 68.5 68.3 68.4 17.1 20.1 24.1 27.9 31.9 36.0 Guatemala<br />

Haití 58.0 57.5 57.5 59.2 60.6 61.4 69.6 68.2 67.5 69.1 70.4 71.1 47.1 47.3 47.9 49.6 51.2 52.0 Haiti<br />

Honduras 50.1 51.1 52.3 53.6 55.2 56.9 79.0 78.0 77.3 76.8 76.6 76.7 21.0 24.0 27.1 30.2 33.5 37.0 Honduras<br />

México 48.5 50.7 52.5 54.0 55.5 57.0 71.0 72.2 72.8 72.8 73.0 73.0 27.0 30.4 33.4 36.3 39.2 42.0 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 51.7 52.3 53.5 55.2 57.0 58.7 71.0 71.2 71.4 72.2 73.2 74.2 32.8 33.8 35.9 38.4 41.0 43.4 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 47.4 49.5 51.2 52.7 53.7 54.5 66.4 67.3 67.7 67.9 67.8 67.6 27.9 31.4 34.5 37.2 39.5 41.4 Panama<br />

Paraguay 49.2 49.3 49.9 50.8 51.9 52.2 74.2 73.1 72.9 73.1 73.5 73.3 24.0 25.2 26.7 28.3 30.0 30.8 Paraguay<br />

Perú 51.3 52.8 54.4 55.8 57.3 58.9 69.0 69.9 70.6 71.2 71.9 72.8 33.5 35.6 38.1 40.4 42.7 45.0 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 53.8 55.0 56.3 58.1 59.8 60.9 75.1 74.7 74.8 75.5 76.2 76.2 31.9 34.7 37.2 40.2 43.0 45.4 Dominican Republic<br />

Uruguay 52.7 54.3 55.2 55.8 56.5 57.3 66.5 67.4 67.3 67.0 66.8 66.7 39.9 42.3 44.0 45.4 46.9 48.5 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 48.2 49.7 51.2 53.0 54.7 55.9 67.9 67.9 67.8 68.4 68.9 68.8 28.3 31.4 34.5 37.7 40.6 43.1 Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 51.6 52.7 54.0 55.3 56.4 57.3 71.5 71.5 71.7 71.9 71.9 71.7 32.2 34.5 36.9 39.3 41.5 43.5 Latin America b<br />

a a Proyecciones realizadas por <strong>el</strong> Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeño <strong>de</strong> Demografía (CELADE-División <strong>de</strong><br />

Projections done by the Latin American and Caribbean Demographic Centre (CELADE)-Population Division of ECLAC,<br />

Población <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL), basadas en un juego <strong>de</strong> “tasas mo<strong>de</strong>los”. based on a set of “mo<strong>de</strong>l rates”.<br />

b b Incluye 20 economías: Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 20 economies: Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,<br />

Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama,<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay. Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.


40 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.2 TRABAJO / LABOUR<br />

1.2.3 TASA DE PARTICIPACIÓN DE LA POBLACIÓN URBANA EN LA ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA, POR SEXO<br />

ECONOMIC PARTICIPATION RATE OF URBAN POPULATION, BY SEX<br />

(Tasa refi nada a / Refi ned rate a )<br />

Ambos sexos / Both Sexes Hombres / Men Mujeres / Women<br />

País Country<br />

1990 b 1995 b 2000 b 2004 b 1990 b 1995 b 2000 b 2004 b 1990 b 1995 b 2000 b 2004 b<br />

Argentina 55.8 c 58.8 d 58.1 e 61.8 f 75.7 c 75.7 d 73.7 e 75.5 f 38.2 c 43.8 d 44.5 e 49.9 f Argentina<br />

Bolivia 60.0 g 63.7 g 64.4 66.5 75.3 g 75.8 g 76.6 77.0 46.6 g 52.8 g 53.9 57.2 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 62.8 65.8 65.5 66.4 82.5 82.0 79.8 79.1 45.1 51.4 52.6 55.1 Brazil<br />

Chile 52.4 55.3 56.9 58.1 72.2 74.7 73.2 73.0 35.2 38.1 42.3 44.6 Chile<br />

Colombia 61.0 h 62.9 68.0 66.0 i 79.2 h 79.3 79.7 80.6 i 45.7 h 49.3 58.2 53.0 i Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 57.3 58.6 59.1 60.4 77.6 78.4 77.1 77.9 39.1 40.6 42.8 44.6 Costa Rica<br />

Ecuador 60.8 63.6 65.1 67.1 80.0 80.5 82.4 81.0 43.2 48.2 48.4 54.2 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 63.7 61.8 61.8 61.4 80.1 77.5 75.0 74.4 51.0 49.4 51.2 50.9 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 61.2 j 66.8 68.1 65.8 80.7 j 81.8 84.4 82.2 44.5 j 54.3 54.4 51.3 Guatemala<br />

Honduras 60.2 61.1 66.4 62.8 80.8 80.5 82.0 78.3 43.4 45.0 53.7 50.2 Honduras<br />

México 53.4 57.0 59.9 62.7 76.1 79.7 80.9 80.5 32.9 37.3 41.5 47.1 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua ... 56.3 64.5 66.0 ... 71.2 80.8 82.8 ... 43.5 50.7 51.6 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 64.9 62.8 60.9 64.2 83.1 79.9 75.8 78.3 48.2 46.9 47.9 51.4 Panama<br />

Paraguay 65.6 k 73.4 68.1 67.4 84.1 k 88.4 81.3 80.9 50.3 k 60.1 56.7 55.6 Paraguay<br />

Perú ... 72.0 65.6 64.2 ... 82.9 76.4 74.3 ... 62.1 56.0 54.9 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 68.7 60.0 63.8 67.3 86.4 77.7 78.4 79.2 53.3 44.1 50.8 56.4 Dominican Republic<br />

Uruguay 57.7 60.0 61.0 59.6 74.7 75.1 73.5 71.5 43.8 47.3 50.2 49.4 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 57.5 61.7 64.6 i 69.2 i 77.9 80.6 82.0 i 83.7 i 37.5 43.3 47.3 i 54.7 i Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

a a Porcentaje <strong>de</strong> la población económicamente activa <strong>de</strong> 15 años y más <strong>de</strong> edad sobre <strong>el</strong><br />

Economically active population aged 15 years and over as a percentage of the total<br />

total <strong>de</strong> la población <strong>de</strong> 15 años y más. population aged 15 years and over.<br />

b b Los datos se refi eren al año más cercano al que encabeza la columna.<br />

Data refers to years nearest to the one heading the column.<br />

c c Área Metropolitana.<br />

Metropolitan area.<br />

d d Gran Buenos Aires.<br />

Greater Buenos Aires.<br />

e e Veintinueve aglomerados urbanos.<br />

Twenty-nine urban agglomerations.<br />

f f Veintiocho aglomerados urbanos.<br />

Twenty-eight urban agglomerations.<br />

g g Cochabamba, El Alto, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Sucre, Tarija y Trinidad.<br />

Cochabamba, El Alto, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Sucre, Tarija and Trinidad.<br />

h h Barranquilla, Bogotá, Bucaramanga, Cali, Cartagena, Manizales, Me<strong>de</strong>llín y Pasto.<br />

Barranquilla, Bogotá, Bucaramanga, Cali, Cartagena, Manizales, Me<strong>de</strong>llín and Pasto.<br />

i National.<br />

i Nacional.<br />

j Urban areas of the capital.<br />

k Metropolitan area of Asunción.<br />

j Zonas urbanas <strong>de</strong> la capital.<br />

k Área Metropolitana <strong>de</strong> Asunción.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 41<br />

1.2 TRABAJO / LABOUR<br />

1.2.4 TASA DE PARTICIPACIÓN DE LA POBLACIÓN URBANA EN LA ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA, POR SEXO Y GRUPOS DE EDAD, 2004 a<br />

ECONOMIC PARTICIPATION RATE OF URBAN POPULATION, BY SEX AND AGE GROUP, 2004 a<br />

(Tasa específi ca b / Specifi c rate b )<br />

Ambos sexos / Both sexes Hombres / Men Mujeres / Women<br />

Grupos <strong>de</strong> edad / Age groups Grupos <strong>de</strong> edad / Age groups Grupos <strong>de</strong> edad / Age groups<br />

Country<br />

País<br />

60 y más<br />

60 y más<br />

60 y más<br />

15-24 25-34 35-44 45-59 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-59<br />

60 and over 60 and over 60 and over<br />

15-24 25-34 35-44 45-59<br />

Argentina c 47.1 81.3 83.2 76.1 26.2 55.7 94.2 97.3 92.1 40.7 38.7 69.5 70.4 62.2 16.3 Argentina c<br />

Bolivia 44.5 80.7 85.6 80.6 44.5 50.9 92.7 97.8 93.3 56.6 38.8 70.5 75.2 67.6 35.1 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 61.7 81.6 81.4 68.0 25.9 70.1 94.4 94.0 83.6 40.0 53.4 69.9 70.1 54.5 15.4 Brazil<br />

Chile 35.7 75.7 77.1 70.7 26.0 40.3 91.9 96.5 91.3 42.3 31.0 60.5 59.7 52.5 13.8 Chile<br />

Colombia d 54.5 81.6 82.0 72.3 34.5 63.5 96.0 97.3 92.1 52.9 45.9 68.9 68.7 55.1 19.2 Colombia d<br />

Costa Rica 47.5 78.1 78.0 68.2 21.0 59.4 95.7 97.4 92.6 37.0 35.4 61.0 61.8 47.8 8.5 Costa Rica<br />

Ecuador 51.5 81.3 82.4 77.0 42.1 59.1 96.1 98.5 96.0 60.4 43.6 67.9 67.9 60.0 25.9 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 44.9 78.6 81.5 69.5 31.9 54.7 92.1 96.1 87.0 44.8 36.1 67.0 70.5 56.6 22.3 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 55.8 76.3 76.0 72.4 45.6 70.8 92.9 94.0 89.3 65.8 41.5 62.0 60.8 59.0 27.6 Guatemala<br />

Honduras 50.6 76.3 78.6 72.5 40.6 63.1 93.1 94.1 91.7 58.0 39.9 62.5 66.6 56.6 27.2 Honduras<br />

México 49.1 76.2 78.4 68.5 33.0 61.0 96.9 97.5 91.3 49.9 37.8 58.9 61.5 48.6 19.8 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 55.1 77.7 82.0 74.5 38.1 71.7 95.6 95.7 94.4 55.2 39.8 62.5 70.1 59.5 25.4 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 49.0 81.7 83.4 73.1 22.7 59.6 96.1 97.6 91.6 35.6 38.6 68.5 70.7 56.6 12.4 Panama<br />

Paraguay 56.5 79.8 82.5 76.9 38.7 66.8 95.9 95.4 90.9 54.3 47.4 66.6 70.3 64.2 26.7 Paraguay<br />

Perú 52.2 75.5 80.7 72.8 36.8 57.4 86.8 91.6 87.8 48.9 47.3 65.4 71.0 58.9 26.0 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 56.7 83.0 85.0 71.0 29.5 63.9 95.0 97.3 88.9 46.5 49.1 72.9 74.1 54.6 14.6 Dominican Republic<br />

Uruguay 52.8 85.1 85.2 78.8 18.4 60.8 95.7 96.7 92.1 26.9 44.5 74.9 74.9 67.2 12.7 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) d 54.8 82.8 85.0 75.9 37.3 67.2 96.7 97.7 93.0 56.0 42.0 68.7 72.2 59.1 21.1 Republic of) d<br />

a a Los datos se refi eren al año más cercano al 2004.<br />

Data refers to years nearest to 2004.<br />

b b Porcentaje <strong>de</strong> la población económicamente activa <strong>de</strong> un <strong>de</strong>terminado grupo <strong>de</strong> edad<br />

Economically active population of a given sex and age group as a percentage<br />

y sexo sobre <strong>el</strong> total <strong>de</strong> la población en ese mismo grupo <strong>de</strong> edad y sexo. of the total population in the same sex and age group.<br />

c c Veintiocho aglomerados urbanos.<br />

Twenty-eight urban agglomerations.<br />

d National.<br />

d Nacional.


42 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.2 TRABAJO / LABOUR<br />

1.2.5 ESTRUCTURA DE LA POBLACIÓN OCUPADA TOTAL, POR SECTOR DE ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA a<br />

STRUCTURE OF THE TOTAL EMPLOYED POPULATION, BY SECTOR OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY a<br />

(Porcentaje <strong>de</strong> la población ocupada total b / Percentage of total employed population b )<br />

Agricultura / Agriculture Industria / Industry Servicios / Services<br />

Country<br />

País<br />

1990 c 1995 c 2000 c 2004 c 1990 c 1995 c 2000 c 2004 c 1990 c 1995 c 2000 c 2004 c<br />

Argentina 0.4 d 0.4 e 0.6 f 1.2 g 31.6 d 27.3 e 22.5 f 23.1 g 68.0 d 72.3 e 76.9 f 75.8 g Argentina<br />

Bolivia ... ... 36.8 39.5 ... ... 19.5 18.8 ... ... 43.7 41.7 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 19.8 24.4 22.8 19.9 23.4 19.8 19.4 21.1 56.8 55.8 57.8 59.0 Brazil<br />

Chile 17.0 14.9 13.0 13.1 27.5 26.2 24.5 23.9 55.5 58.9 62.5 62.9 Chile<br />

Colombia 25.9 22.1 22.0 20.5 21.6 23.1 19.0 19.9 52.6 54.8 59.0 59.7 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 25.4 21.0 16.9 14.7 25.9 24.3 22.6 22.1 48.7 54.7 60.5 63.2 Costa Rica<br />

Ecuador ... ... 28.5 29.0 ... ... 20.1 18.4 ... ... 51.4 52.6 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador ... 25.6 20.7 18.4 ... 26.7 24.4 23.9 ... 47.7 54.9 57.7 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 48.0 37.6 36.5 36.2 18.9 23.2 20.5 20.2 33.2 39.2 43.0 43.7 Guatemala<br />

Honduras 42.0 38.2 34.0 36.3 19.7 22.6 22.4 21.8 38.2 39.1 43.6 41.9 Honduras<br />

México 25.3 20.3 17.5 13.7 24.7 25.6 28.3 26.8 49.9 54.1 54.2 59.5 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 30.6 33.7 32.4 ... 16.8 16.1 18.3 ... 52.6 50.3 49.3 ... Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 26.6 20.8 17.0 19.1 14.6 18.1 17.4 17.7 58.8 61.1 65.7 63.2 Panama<br />

Paraguay ... 37.3 30.8 31.5 ... 17.7 17.4 15.8 ... 45.0 51.9 52.7 Paraguay<br />

Perú ... 31.4 32.0 37.5 ... 15.8 14.0 13.4 ... 52.8 54.0 49.1 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 20.2 15.9 15.9 14.8 21.5 24.3 23.8 23.2 58.4 59.8 60.2 61.9 Dominican Republic<br />

Uruguay h 3.3 4.7 3.9 5.0 29.2 26.7 24.6 21.7 67.5 68.6 71.5 73.3 Uruguay h<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 13.1 13.4 10.6 10.7 24.6 23.2 22.8 19.8 62.3 63.4 66.6 69.5 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

a a Se refi ere a la población ocupada <strong>de</strong> 15 años y más.<br />

Refers to employed population aged 15 years and over.<br />

b b De acuerdo con la Clasifi cación Industrial Internacional Uniforme<br />

In accordance with the International Standard Industrial<br />

<strong>de</strong> todas las Activida<strong>de</strong>s Económicas (CIIU),Rev. 2. Classifi cation of All Economic Activities (ISIC),Rev. 2.<br />

c c Los datos se refi eren al año más cercano al que encabeza la columna.<br />

Data refers to the year nearest to the one heading the column.<br />

d d Área Metropolitana.<br />

Metropolitan area.<br />

e e Gran Buenos Aires.<br />

Greater Buenos Aires.<br />

f f Veintinueve aglomerados urbanos.<br />

Twenty-nine urban agglomerations.<br />

g g Veintiocho aglomerados urbanos.<br />

Twenty-eight urban agglomerations.<br />

h h Áreas urbanas.<br />

Urban areas.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 43<br />

1.2 TRABAJO / LABOUR<br />

1.2.6 ESTRUCTURA DE LA POBLACIÓN OCUPADA MASCULINA, POR SECTOR DE ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA a<br />

STRUCTURE OF THE MALE EMPLOYED POPULATION, BY SECTOR OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY a<br />

(Porcentaje <strong>de</strong> la población ocupada masculina b / Percentage of the male employed population b )<br />

Agricultura / Agriculture Industria / Industry Servicios / Services<br />

Country<br />

País<br />

1990 c 1995 c 2000 c 2004 c 1990 c 1995 c 2000 c 2004 c 1990 c 1995 c 2000 c 2004 c<br />

Argentina 0.5 d e f g d e f g d e f g 0.6 0.9 1.4 39.4 34.6 30.9 31.4 60.1 64.9 68.2 67.2 Argentina<br />

Bolivia ... ... 37.9 42.1 ... ... 26.8 24.5 ... ... 35.3 33.4 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 24.6 26.6 25.2 23.0 29.4 26.9 26.2 27.0 46.0 46.5 48.6 50.0 Brazil<br />

Chile 22.8 19.4 17.4 17.2 32.8 32.7 31.5 31.3 44.4 47.9 51.1 51.5 Chile<br />

Colombia 34.4 30.1 31.0 29.3 22.0 25.1 20.8 21.7 43.7 44.8 48.2 49.0 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 33.0 27.6 23.3 20.2 26.5 25.6 25.7 26.7 40.4 46.7 51.0 53.1 Costa Rica<br />

Ecuador ... ... 33.2 31.2 ... ... 23.8 23.4 ... ... 43.0 45.4 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador ... 37.0 32.8 29.0 ... 27.2 24.5 25.5 ... 35.7 42.8 45.5 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 59.4 49.7 48.2 48.2 17.2 22.5 20.2 20.2 23.4 27.8 31.6 31.6 Guatemala<br />

Honduras 56.5 52.7 50.0 50.7 18.6 20.6 20.6 19.9 24.9 26.7 29.4 29.5 Honduras<br />

México 31.5 24.2 22.2 18.3 26.6 28.4 31.6 31.6 41.8 47.5 46.2 50.1 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 42.9 46.1 45.2 ... 18.1 18.7 20.0 ... 39.0 35.2 34.8 ... Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 37.5 29.1 24.7 26.8 16.4 21.4 21.5 21.2 46.2 49.5 53.8 52.0 Panama<br />

Paraguay ... 39.3 37.7 38.7 ... 24.2 21.7 19.2 ... 36.4 40.6 42.1 Paraguay<br />

Perú ... 35.6 35.6 40.7 ... 20.0 18.4 17.9 ... 44.4 46.0 41.4 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 27.9 22.0 22.7 21.3 21.3 25.6 26.2 27.2 50.7 52.4 51.1 51.5 Dominican Republic<br />

Uruguay h 4.9 6.9 5.9 7.3 35.3 33.7 32.9 28.5 59.8 59.4 61.1 64.2 Uruguay h<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 18.0 18.9 15.7 16.0 28.8 27.6 28.5 25.0 53.2 53.5 55.8 58.9 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

a a Se refi ere a la población ocupada <strong>de</strong> 15 años y más.<br />

Refers to employed population aged 15 years and over.<br />

b b De acuerdo con la Clasifi cación Industrial Internacional Uniforme<br />

In accordance with the International Standard Industrial<br />

<strong>de</strong> todas las Activida<strong>de</strong>s Económicas (CIIU), Rev. 2. Classifi cation of All Economic Activities (ISIC),Rev. 2.<br />

c c Los datos se refi eren al año más cercano al que encabeza la columna.<br />

Data refers to the year nearest to the one heading the column.<br />

d d Área Metropolitana.<br />

Metropolitan area.<br />

e e Gran Buenos Aires.<br />

Greater Buenos Aires.<br />

f f Veintinueve aglomerados urbanos.<br />

Twenty-nine urban agglomerations.<br />

g g Veintiocho aglomerados urbanos.<br />

Twenty-eight urban agglomerations.<br />

h h Áreas urbanas.<br />

Urban areas.


44 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.2 TRABAJO / LABOUR<br />

1.2.7 ESTRUCTURA DE LA POBLACIÓN OCUPADA FEMENINA, POR SECTOR DE ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA a<br />

STRUCTURE OF THE FEMALE EMPLOYED POPULATION, BY SECTOR OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY a<br />

(Porcentaje <strong>de</strong> la población ocupada femenina b / Percentage of the female employed population b )<br />

Agricultura / Agriculture Industria / Industry Servicios / Services<br />

País Country<br />

1990 c 1995 c 2000 c 2004 c 1990 c 1995 c 2000 c 2004 c 1990 c 1995 c 2000 c 2004 c<br />

Argentina 0.2 d 0.2 e 0.3 f 0.9 g 17.9 d 15.4 e 10.0 f 11.6 g 82.0 d 84.4 e 89.7 f 87.5 g Argentina<br />

Bolivia ... ... 35.3 36.1 ... ... 10.3 11.3 ... ... 54.5 52.5 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 11.2 21.2 19.3 15.6 12.8 9.2 9.4 12.8 76.0 69.7 71.2 71.6 Brazil<br />

Chile 5.1 6.2 5.3 6.3 16.5 13.6 12.4 11.5 78.4 80.2 82.3 82.2 Chile<br />

Colombia 10.2 8.0 7.6 7.6 20.8 19.5 16.1 17.1 69.0 72.5 76.2 75.3 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 6.0 5.9 3.9 4.0 24.4 21.2 16.2 13.1 69.6 72.9 79.8 82.9 Costa Rica<br />

Ecuador ... ... 20.2 25.8 ... ... 13.7 10.9 ... ... 66.1 63.3 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador ... 7.2 3.6 3.3 ... 26.0 24.3 21.6 ... 66.8 72.2 75.1 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 14.6 17.0 15.4 13.9 23.8 24.5 21.0 20.1 61.6 58.5 63.6 66.0 Guatemala<br />

Honduras 5.7 5.3 5.9 8.4 22.7 27.2 25.6 25.4 71.6 67.5 68.4 66.1 Honduras<br />

México 9.9 13.1 8.9 6.0 20.1 20.4 22.2 18.8 70.0 66.5 68.8 75.3 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 6.9 9.9 9.3 ... 14.4 11.1 15.4 ... 78.8 78.9 75.4 ... Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 2.8 3.3 1.7 5.0 10.6 11.0 9.1 11.3 86.6 85.6 89.2 83.6 Panama<br />

Paraguay ... 34.5 19.8 20.0 ... 8.5 10.6 10.2 ... 57.0 69.6 69.8 Paraguay<br />

Perú ... 25.9 27.6 33.4 ... 10.3 8.6 7.7 ... 63.8 63.8 58.8 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 1.6 1.8 2.6 2.0 21.9 21.4 19.3 15.4 76.5 76.8 78.1 82.6 Dominican Republic<br />

Uruguay h 1.0 1.6 1.1 1.9 20.2 16.7 13.3 12.6 78.8 81.7 85.5 85.6 Uruguay h<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 2.2 1.8 1.7 2.3 15.3 14.0 12.7 11.4 82.5 84.2 85.7 86.4 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

a a Se refi ere a la población ocupada <strong>de</strong> 15 años y más.<br />

Refers to employed population aged 15 years and over.<br />

b b De acuerdo con la Clasifi cación Industrial Internacional Uniforme<br />

In accordance with the International Standard Industrial<br />

<strong>de</strong> todas las Activida<strong>de</strong>s Económicas (CIIU), Rev. 2. Classifi cation of All Economic Activities (ISIC), Rev. 2.<br />

c c Los datos se refi eren al año más cercano al que encabeza la columna.<br />

Data refers to the year nearest to the one heading the column.<br />

d d Área Metropolitana.<br />

Metropolitan area.<br />

e e Gran Buenos Aires.<br />

Greater Buenos Aires.<br />

f f Veintinueve aglomerados urbanos.<br />

Twenty-nine urban agglomerations.<br />

g g Veintiocho aglomerados urbanos.<br />

Twenty-eight urban agglomerations.<br />

h h Áreas urbanas.<br />

Urban areas.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 45<br />

1.2 TRABAJO / LABOUR<br />

1.2.8 ESTRUCTURA DE LA POBLACIÓN OCUPADA URBANA TOTAL, POR SECTOR DE ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA, 2004 a<br />

STRUCTURE OF THE TOTAL URBAN EMPLOYED POPULATION, BY SECTOR OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, 2004 a<br />

(Porcentaje <strong>de</strong> la población ocupada urbana total b / Percentage of total urban employed population b )<br />

Sector <strong>de</strong> actividad económica c / Sector of economic activity c<br />

Electricidad, Servicios Otros No<br />

Agricultura Minería Manufactureras gas y agua Construcción Comercio Transporte fi nancieros servicios especifi cados<br />

Agriculture Mining Manufacturing Electricity, Construction Commerce Transport Financial Other Unspecifi ed<br />

gas and water services services<br />

País / Country<br />

Argentina d 1.2 0.4 14.5 0.5 7.8 23.9 7.8 7.8 35.9 0.3<br />

Bolivia 6.3 1.2 18.2 0.4 8.3 30.6 7.7 4.5 22.7 0.2<br />

Brasil / Brazil 7.8 0.4 15.5 0.5 7.5 20.8 5.4 8.4 33.5 0.3<br />

Chile 6.4 1.6 14.2 0.6 9.1 21.4 8.4 7.7 30.3 0.3<br />

Colombia e 6.1 0.8 16.0 0.5 5.3 29.6 7.7 7.2 26.6 0.1<br />

Costa Rica 3.3 0.1 15.1 1.5 6.6 28.8 6.5 11.0 26.7 0.3<br />

Ecuador 7.6 0.5 14.6 0.6 6.5 33.2 7.7 5.9 23.4 ...<br />

El Salvador 5.1 – 19.6 0.5 5.9 35.4 6.3 5.1 22.2 ...<br />

Guatemala 12.4 0.1 17.9 0.3 6.8 32.2 4.3 4.3 21.7 ...<br />

Honduras 8.4 0.3 21.1 0.7 7.1 29.0 5.4 5.5 22.6 ...<br />

México / Mexico 2.3 0.4 19.5 0.4 7.7 22.5 4.9 1.9 40.5 ...<br />

Nicaragua 11.7 0.4 15.2 1.0 6.4 31.3 5.3 0.7 28.0 –<br />

Panamá / Panama 2.6 0.1 9.3 0.9 8.7 27.1 9.7 9.3 32.3 ...<br />

Paraguay 5.6 0.1 13.1 1.1 5.2 31.3 5.6 5.5 32.5 –<br />

Perú / Peru 11.6 0.9 11.8 0.3 5.2 34.0 8.0 5.7 22.6 –<br />

República Dominicana<br />

Dominican Republic 4.8 0.1 17.3 0.9 6.7 28.1 8.2 6.0 27.8 ...<br />

Uruguay 5.0 0.1 14.0 0.8 6.7 22.2 5.8 8.5 36.8 –<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) e<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) e 9.9 0.5 11.7 0.5 7.9 26.8 7.3 4.9 30.2 0.3<br />

a a Los datos se refi eren al año más cercano al 2004.<br />

Data refers to year nearest to 2004.<br />

b b Se refi ere a la población ocupada <strong>de</strong> 15 años y más.<br />

Refers to employed population aged 15 years and over.<br />

c c De acuerdo con la Clasifi cación Industrial Internacional Uniforme<br />

In accordance with the International Standard Industrial<br />

<strong>de</strong> Todas las Activida<strong>de</strong>s Económicas (CIIU), Rev. 2. Classifi cation of All Economic Activities (ISIC), Rev. 2.<br />

d d Veintiocho aglomerados urbanos.<br />

Twenty-eight urban agglomerations.<br />

e National.<br />

e Nacional.


46 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.2 TRABAJO / LABOUR<br />

1.2.9 ESTRUCTURA DE LA POBLACIÓN OCUPADA URBANA MASCULINA, POR SECTOR DE ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA, 2004 a<br />

STRUCTURE OF THE URBAN MALE EMPLOYED POPULATION, BY SECTOR OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, 2004 a<br />

(Porcentaje <strong>de</strong> la población ocupada urbana masculina b / Percentage of total urban male employed population b )<br />

Sector <strong>de</strong> actividad económica c / Sector of economic activity c<br />

Electricidad, Servicios Otros No<br />

Agricultura Minería Manufactureras gas y agua Construcción Comercio Transporte fi nancieros servicios especifi cados<br />

Agriculture Mining Manufacturing Electricity, Construction Commerce Transport Financial Other Unspecifi ed<br />

gas and water services services<br />

País / Country<br />

Argentina d 1.4 0.6 17.0 0.6 13.2 25.5 11.3 8.8 21.3 0.4<br />

Bolivia 8.3 2.0 20.5 0.6 14.5 19.2 12.9 5.2 16.6 0.1<br />

Brasil / Brazil 9.9 0.6 17.1 0.7 12.7 22.6 8.3 9.3 18.4 0.4<br />

Chile 8.2 2.4 16.9 0.8 14.2 18.6 11.6 7.8 19.2 0.3<br />

Colombia e 9.8 1.2 15.5 0.7 9.1 29.7 12.2 7.5 14.0 0.1<br />

Costa Rica 5.1 0.2 16.7 2.0 10.3 29.0 9.2 12.1 15.1 0.3<br />

Ecuador 10.1 0.7 16.2 0.9 10.7 28.6 11.0 6.6 15.2 ...<br />

El Salvador 8.8 0.1 18.4 0.8 10.7 27.5 10.5 6.6 16.7 ...<br />

Guatemala 18.4 0.2 17.2 0.5 11.4 26.9 6.7 4.7 13.9 ...<br />

Honduras 13.8 0.4 18.8 0.9 12.3 25.4 8.3 5.9 14.1 ...<br />

México / Mexico 3.2 0.5 21.4 0.6 12.3 19.1 7.6 1.8 33.4 ...<br />

Nicaragua 18.9 0.6 15.0 1.3 10.9 25.1 8.6 0.8 18.9 ...<br />

Panamá / Panama 4.2 0.1 11.0 1.3 14.3 26.8 13.6 8.1 20.6 ...<br />

Paraguay 7.2 0.1 15.2 1.5 9.1 32.3 8.6 6.5 19.4 0.1<br />

Perú / Peru 14.6 1.5 14.1 0.4 9.1 24.0 13.1 6.9 16.3 ...<br />

República Dominicana<br />

Dominican Republic 7.4 0.2 19.1 1.1 10.3 28.2 11.5 5.7 16.5 ...<br />

Uruguay 7.3 0.2 15.7 1.1 11.4 24.0 8.3 9.2 22.8 ...<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) e<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) e 15.0 0.6 12.6 0.7 12.3 21.8 10.9 4.9 20.8 0.3<br />

a a Los datos se refi eren al año más cercano al 2004.<br />

Data refers to year nearest to 2004.<br />

b b Se refi ere a la población ocupada <strong>de</strong> 15 años y más.<br />

Refers to employed population aged 15 years and over.<br />

c c De acuerdo con la Clasifi cación Industrial Internacional Uniforme<br />

In accordance with the International Standard Industrial<br />

<strong>de</strong> Todas las Activida<strong>de</strong>s Económicas (CIIU), Rev. 2. Classifi cation of All Economic Activities (ISIC), Rev 2.<br />

d d Veintiocho aglomerados urbanos.<br />

Twenty-eight urban agglomerations.<br />

e National.<br />

e Nacional.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 47<br />

1.2 TRABAJO / LABOUR<br />

1.2.10 ESTRUCTURA DE LA POBLACIÓN OCUPADA URBANA FEMENINA, POR SECTOR DE ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA, 2004 a<br />

STRUCTURE OF THE URBAN FEMALE EMPLOYED POPULATION, BY SECTOR OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, 2004 a<br />

(Porcentaje <strong>de</strong> la población ocupada urbana femenina b / Percentage of total urban female employed population b )<br />

Sector <strong>de</strong> actividad económica c / Sector of economic activity c<br />

Electricidad, Servicios Otros No<br />

Agricultura Minería Manufactureras gas y agua Construcción Comercio Transporte fi nancieros servicios especifi cados<br />

Agriculture Mining Manufacturing Electricity, Construction Commerce Transport Financial Other<br />

gas and water services services<br />

Unspecifi ed<br />

País / Country<br />

Argentina d 0.9 0.1 11.0 0.3 0.4 21.7 3.0 6.6 55.9 0.3<br />

Bolivia 3.8 0.2 15.3 0.1 0.9 44.5 1.3 3.6 30.0 0.2<br />

Brasil / Brazil 5.1 0.1 13.4 0.2 0.4 18.3 1.5 7.1 53.8 0.1<br />

Chile 3.6 0.3 10.1 0.3 1.1 25.8 3.5 7.4 47.6 0.2<br />

Colombia e 1.6 0.5 16.6 0.2 0.5 29.5 2.1 6.8 42.1 0.1<br />

Costa Rica 0.5 – 12.5 0.7 0.5 28.6 2.3 9.2 45.5 0.1<br />

Ecuador 3.9 0.1 12.1 0.3 0.3 40.1 2.7 4.9 35.5 ...<br />

El Salvador 0.8 ... 20.9 0.2 0.5 44.3 1.6 3.4 28.3 ...<br />

Guatemala 4.0 ... 18.9 ... 0.3 39.6 0.9 3.6 32.6 ...<br />

Honduras 1.6 – 24.0 0.3 0.4 33.7 1.6 5.0 33.5 ...<br />

México / Mexico 1.0 0.1 16.8 0.1 0.9 27.3 1.0 1.9 50.9 ...<br />

Nicaragua 2.0 0.1 15.6 0.6 0.3 39.5 0.9 0.6 40.4 –<br />

Panamá / Panama 0.3 ... 6.9 0.2 0.5 27.5 3.9 11.2 49.5 ...<br />

Paraguay 3.5 ... 10.3 0.5 0.3 30.0 1.8 4.3 49.4 ...<br />

Perú / Peru 7.8 0.1 8.9 0.1 0.3 46.5 1.6 4.2 30.6 ...<br />

República Dominicana<br />

Dominican Republic 0.4 ... 14.4 0.8 1.0 28.1 3.0 6.3 46.1 ...<br />

Uruguay 1.9 ... 11.7 0.5 0.4 19.8 2.4 7.7 55.7 ...<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) e<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) e 1.9 0.2 10.3 0.3 0.8 34.8 1.5 4.7 45.2 0.3<br />

a a Los datos se refi eren al año más cercano al 2004.<br />

Data refers to year nearest to 2004.<br />

b b Se refi ere a la población ocupada <strong>de</strong> 15 años y más.<br />

Refers to employed population aged 15 years and over.<br />

c c De acuerdo con la Clasifi cación Industrial Internacional Uniforme<br />

In accordance with the International Standard Industrial<br />

<strong>de</strong> Todas las Activida<strong>de</strong>s Económicas (CIIU), Rev. 2. Classifi cation of All Economic Activities (ISIC), Rev. 2.<br />

d d Veintiocho aglomerados urbanos.<br />

Twenty-eight urban agglomerations.<br />

e National.<br />

e Nacional.


48 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.2 TRABAJO / LABOUR<br />

1.2.11 ESTRUCTURA DE LA POBLACIÓN OCUPADA URBANA TOTAL, POR GRUPOS OCUPACIONALES, 2004 a<br />

STRUCTURE OF THE TOTAL URBAN EMPLOYED POPULATION, BY OCCUPATIONAL GROUP, 2004 a<br />

(Porcentaje <strong>de</strong>l total <strong>de</strong> la población ocupada urbana b / Percentage of the total urban employed population b )<br />

Ocupaciones c / Occupations c<br />

País / Country<br />

0-1 2 3 4 5 6 7-8-9 X<br />

Bolivia 14.3 2.3 4.5 24.6 d ... 5.2 49.2 ...<br />

Brasil / Brazil 15.8 5.9 9.7 11.7 21.9 7.8 26.1 1.1 e<br />

Chile 19.7 6.6 10.0 10.1 18.6 5.6 29.2 0.3<br />

Colombia f 11.7 2.7 9.5 20.3 21.8 5.6 28.3 0.1<br />

Costa Rica 27.3 3.6 10.0 16.9 ... 1.4 40.7 0.1<br />

Ecuador 16.1 3.7 5.8 23.4 16.1 6.6 28.4 ...<br />

El Salvador 15.2 1.6 7.2 23.1 15.0 5.0 32.8 ...<br />

Guatemala 14.7 3.5 5.4 13.2 4.0 5.5 53.7 ...<br />

Honduras 10.7 4.6 6.2 19.4 16.4 8.0 34.5 ...<br />

México / Mexico 14.3 2.6 11.1 21.4 16.1 2.1 32.3 ...<br />

Nicaragua 12.2 4.5 4.0 19.4 17.9 10.5 31.4 –<br />

Panamá / Panama 17.3 3.8 14.7 17.3 d ... 2.7 44.2 ...<br />

Paraguay 14.5 5.5 7.6 19.5 21.8 6.2 24.9 –<br />

Perú / Peru 17.1 0.6 5.3 23.1 20.4 11.6 22.5 ...<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic 16.8 4.0 8.2 14.4 20.2 4.5 32.0 ...<br />

Uruguay 16.5 6.5 13.4 7.7 23.5 5.5 26.9 ...<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) f<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) f 10.7 2.4 7.4 20.7 19.7 10.3 28.6 0.2<br />

a Data refers to year nearest to 2004.<br />

b Refers to employed population aged 15 years and over.<br />

c In accordance with the ILO International Standard Classifi cation of Occupations (ISCO, 1968): 0-1 - Professional,<br />

technical and r<strong>el</strong>ated workers. 2 - Administrative and managerial workers. 3 - Clerical and r<strong>el</strong>ated workers.<br />

4 - Sales workers. 5 - Service workers. 6 - Agricultural, animal husbandry and forestry workers, fi shermen and<br />

hunters. 7-8-9 - Production and r<strong>el</strong>ated workers, transport equipment operators and labourers. X - Workers not<br />

classifi able by occupation.<br />

d Including categories 4-5.<br />

a Los datos se refi eren al año más cercano al 2004.<br />

b Correspon<strong>de</strong> a los ocupados <strong>de</strong> 15 años y más.<br />

c De acuerdo con la Clasifi cación Internacional Uniforme <strong>de</strong> Ocupaciones (CIUO) <strong>de</strong> la OIT (1968): 0-1 - Profesionales,<br />

técnicos y trabajadores asimilados. 2 - Directores y funcionarios públicos superiores. 3 - Personal administrativo y<br />

trabajadores asimilados. 4 - Comerciantes y ven<strong>de</strong>dores. 5 - Trabajadores <strong>de</strong> los servicios. 6 - Trabajadores agrícolas y<br />

forestales, pescadores y cazadores. 7-8-9 - Obreros no agrícolas, conductores <strong>de</strong> máquinas y vehículos <strong>de</strong> transporte y<br />

trabajadores asimilados. X - Trabajadores que no pue<strong>de</strong>n ser clasifi cados según la ocupación.<br />

d Incluye categorías 4-5.<br />

e Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the armed forces.<br />

e Incluye las fuerzas armadas.<br />

f National.<br />

f Nacional.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 49<br />

1.2 TRABAJO / LABOUR<br />

1.2.12 ESTRUCTURA DE LA POBLACIÓN OCUPADA URBANA MASCULINA, POR GRUPOS OCUPACIONALES, 2004 a<br />

STRUCTURE OF THE URBAN MALE EMPLOYED POPULATION, BY OCCUPATIONAL GROUP, 2004 a<br />

(Porcentaje <strong>de</strong>l total <strong>de</strong> la población ocupada urbana masculina b / Percentage of the total urban male employed population b )<br />

Ocupaciones c / Occupations c<br />

País / Country<br />

0-1 2 3 4 5 6 7-8-9 X<br />

Bolivia 14.9 3.4 3.8 13.2 d ... 6.5 58.3 ...<br />

Brasil / Brazil 13.2 6.8 7.1 10.4 12.9 9.8 38.1 1.8 e<br />

Chile 17.7 6.2 6.5 8.2 11.3 7.4 42.4 0.4<br />

Colombia f 10.6 3.1 7.1 18.9 10.3 9.2 40.6 0.1<br />

Costa Rica 25.8 4.3 6.4 14.5 ... 2.2 46.6 0.1<br />

Ecuador 13.7 4.4 3.5 17.6 11.3 8.7 40.7 ...<br />

El Salvador 15.7 2.0 5.5 14.7 11.5 8.8 41.7 ...<br />

Guatemala 13.6 4.3 5.0 8.8 3.3 8.5 56.6 ...<br />

Honduras 8.9 5.0 3.9 15.4 9.3 13.4 43.9 ...<br />

México / Mexico 12.4 3.1 8.1 17.4 12.1 3.0 44.0 ...<br />

Nicaragua 9.9 5.1 2.9 13.0 9.4 16.7 43.0 ...<br />

Panamá / Panama 14.4 3.9 7.3 16.0 d ... 4.3 54.0 ...<br />

Paraguay 13.0 6.1 7.2 17.4 10.6 8.3 37.4 ...<br />

Perú / Peru 17.5 0.8 4.4 14.3 14.2 13.8 35.0 ...<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic 13.4 4.1 4.4 13.2 13.7 7.1 44.1 ...<br />

Uruguay 13.5 7.3 9.8 6.1 14.7 8.6 40.0 ...<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) f<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) f 6.7 2.8 4.2 16.1 13.3 15.6 41.0 0.2<br />

a Data refers to year nearest to 2004.<br />

b Refers to employed population aged 15 years and over.<br />

c In accordance with the ILO International Standard Classifi cation of Occupations (ISCO, 1968): 0-1 -<br />

Professional, technical and r<strong>el</strong>ated workers. 2 - Administrative and managerial workers. 3 - Clerical and<br />

r<strong>el</strong>ated workers. 4 - Sales workers. 5 - Service workers. 6 - Agricultural, animal husbandry and forestry workers,<br />

fi shermen and hunters. 7-8-9 - Production and r<strong>el</strong>ated workers, transport equipment operators and labourers. X<br />

- Workers not classifi able by occupation.<br />

d Including categories 4-5.<br />

a Los datos se refi eren al año más cercano al 2004.<br />

b Correspon<strong>de</strong> a los ocupados <strong>de</strong> 15 años y más.<br />

c De acuerdo con la Clasifi cación Internacional Uniforme <strong>de</strong> Ocupaciones (CIUO) <strong>de</strong> la OIT (1968): 0-1 - Profesionales,<br />

técnicos y trabajadores asimilados. 2 - Directores y funcionarios públicos superiores. 3 - Personal administrativo y<br />

trabajadores asimilados. 4 - Comerciantes y ven<strong>de</strong>dores. 5 - Trabajadores <strong>de</strong> los servicios. 6 - Trabajadores agrícolas y<br />

forestales, pescadores y cazadores. 7-8-9 - Obreros no agrícolas, conductores <strong>de</strong> máquinas y vehículos <strong>de</strong> transporte y<br />

trabajadores asimilados. X - Trabajadores que no pue<strong>de</strong>n ser clasifi cados según la ocupación.<br />

d Incluye categorías 4-5.<br />

e Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the armed forces.<br />

e Incluye las fuerzas armadas.<br />

f National.<br />

f Nacional.


50 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.2 TRABAJO / LABOUR<br />

1.2.13 ESTRUCTURA DE LA POBLACIÓN OCUPADA URBANA FEMENINA, POR GRUPOS OCUPACIONALES, 2004 a<br />

STRUCTURE OF THE URBAN FEMALE EMPLOYED POPULATION, BY OCCUPATIONAL GROUP, 2004 a<br />

(Porcentaje <strong>de</strong>l total <strong>de</strong> la población ocupada urbana femenina b / Percentage of the total urban female employed population b )<br />

Ocupaciones c / Occupations c<br />

País / Country<br />

0-1 2 3 4 5 6 7-8-9 X<br />

Bolivia 13.5 1.0 5.3 38.4 d ... 3.6 38.1 ...<br />

Brasil / Brazil 19.4 4.8 13.1 13.5 34.1 5.1 9.8 0.2 e<br />

Chile 22.9 7.1 15.4 13.0 30.1 2.7 8.6 0.1<br />

Colombia f 13.0 2.1 12.5 22.1 36.1 1.1 13.1 0.1<br />

Costa Rica 29.6 2.4 15.9 20.8 ... 0.1 31.2 0.1<br />

Ecuador 19.6 2.6 9.0 32.0 23.2 3.4 10.1 ...<br />

El Salvador 14.8 1.1 9.2 32.6 18.9 0.7 22.8 ...<br />

Guatemala 16.2 2.3 6.1 19.3 5.0 1.3 49.6 0.1<br />

Honduras 13.1 4.1 9.1 24.5 25.6 1.1 22.5 ...<br />

México / Mexico 17.2 2.0 15.6 27.3 22.0 0.8 15.1 ...<br />

Nicaragua 15.3 3.7 5.4 28.2 29.5 2.1 15.8 –<br />

Panamá / Panama 21.6 3.7 25.5 19.3 d ... 0.3 29.6 ...<br />

Paraguay 16.5 4.7 8.2 22.1 36.3 3.4 8.8 0.1<br />

Perú / Peru 16.5 0.4 6.4 34.1 28.2 7.6 6.9 ...<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic 22.3 3.7 14.4 16.2 30.8 0.3 12.3 ...<br />

Uruguay 20.7 5.5 18.1 9.9 35.2 1.5 9.2 ...<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) f<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) f 17.2 1.7 12.4 28.1 29.9 1.7 8.8 0.2<br />

a Data refers to year nearest to 2004.<br />

b Refers to employed population aged 15 years and over.<br />

c In accordance with the ILO International Standard Classifi cation of Occupations (ISCO, 1968): 0-1 - Professional,<br />

technical and r<strong>el</strong>ated workers. 2 - Administrative and managerial workers. 3 - Clerical and r<strong>el</strong>ated workers.<br />

4 - Sales workers. 5 - Service workers. 6 - Agricultural, animal husbandry and forestry workers, fi shermen and<br />

hunters. 7-8-9 - Production and r<strong>el</strong>ated workers, transport equipment operators and labourers. X - Workers not<br />

classifi able by occupation.<br />

d Including categories 4-5.<br />

a Los datos se refi eren al año más cercano al 2004.<br />

b Correspon<strong>de</strong> a los ocupados <strong>de</strong> 15 años y más.<br />

c De acuerdo con la Clasifi cación Internacional Uniforme <strong>de</strong> Ocupaciones (CIUO) <strong>de</strong> la OIT (1968): 0-1 - Profesionales,<br />

técnicos y trabajadores asimilados. 2 - Directores y funcionarios públicos superiores. 3 - Personal administrativo y<br />

trabajadores asimilados. 4 - Comerciantes y ven<strong>de</strong>dores. 5 - Trabajadores <strong>de</strong> los servicios. 6 - Trabajadores agrícolas y<br />

forestales, pescadores y cazadores. 7-8-9 - Obreros no agrícolas, conductores <strong>de</strong> máquinas y vehículos <strong>de</strong> transporte y<br />

trabajadores asimilados. X - Trabajadores que no pue<strong>de</strong>n ser clasifi cados según la ocupación.<br />

d Incluye categorías 4-5.<br />

e Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the armed forces.<br />

e Incluye las fuerzas armadas.<br />

f National.<br />

f Nacional.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 51<br />

1.2 TRABAJO / LABOUR<br />

1.2.14 ESTRUCTURA DE LA POBLACIÓN OCUPADA URBANA TOTAL, POR CATEGORÍA OCUPACIONAL, 2004 a<br />

STRUCTURE OF THE TOTAL URBAN EMPLOYED POPULATION, BY CATEGORY OF EMPLOYMENT, 2004 a<br />

(Porcentaje <strong>de</strong>l total <strong>de</strong> la población ocupada urbana b / Percentage of total urban employed population b )<br />

Empleadores Asalariados Cuenta propia Servicio doméstico Otras categorías<br />

País / Country<br />

Employers Wage earners S<strong>el</strong>f-employed Domestic service Other categories<br />

Argentina c 4.1 74.2 21.6 ... ...<br />

Bolivia 4.5 45.0 46.5 3.7 0.3 d<br />

...<br />

Brasil / Brazil 4.7 60.5 26.3 8.5<br />

Chile 4.1 69.1 20.2 6.5 ...<br />

Colombia i 5.2 47.9 41.1 5.8 ...<br />

Costa Rica 8.3 67.1 21.2 3.4 ...<br />

Ecuador 6.6 54.2 35.0 4.1 ...<br />

El Salvador 4.9 57.9 32.8 3.9 0.4 e<br />

Guatemala 5.8 54.2 36.3 3.7 ...<br />

Honduras 5.2 53.3 37.5 4.0 0.1 f<br />

México / Mexico 3.2 75.0 21.7 ... 0.1 g<br />

Nicaragua 4.9 60.0 34.9 ... 0.3 h<br />

Panamá / Panama 3.4 67.0 22.6 7.0 ...<br />

Paraguay 5.6 48.5 35.0 10.9 ...<br />

Perú / Peru 5.3 46.2 42.7 5.2 0.6<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic 5.6 56.6 32.6 5.2 ...<br />

Uruguay 3.5 70.2 26.0 ... 0.3 g<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) i<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) i 5.5 55.2 34.4 ... 4.9 g<br />

a Data refers to year nearest to 2004.<br />

b Corresponds to employed population aged 15 years and over.<br />

c Twenty-eight urban agglomerations.<br />

d Referring to production cooperatives.<br />

e Inclu<strong>de</strong>s members of cooperatives.<br />

f Refers to a worker in a cooperative, settlement or group.<br />

g Refers to a member of a cooperative.<br />

h Refers to a member of a production cooperative.<br />

a Los datos se refi eren al año más cercano al 2004.<br />

b Correspon<strong>de</strong> a la población ocupada <strong>de</strong> 15 años y más.<br />

c Veintiocho aglomerados urbanos.<br />

d Se refi ere a cooperativista por producción.<br />

e Incluye a cooperativistas.<br />

f Se refi ere a trabajador en cooperativa, asentamiento o grupo.<br />

g Se refi ere a miembro <strong>de</strong> una cooperativa.<br />

h Se refi ere a miembro <strong>de</strong> una cooperativa <strong>de</strong> producción.<br />

i National.<br />

i Nacional.


52 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.2 TRABAJO / LABOUR<br />

1.2.15 ESTRUCTURA DE LA POBLACIÓN OCUPADA URBANA MASCULINA, POR CATEGORÍA OCUPACIONAL, 2004 a<br />

STRUCTURE OF THE URBAN MALE EMPLOYED POPULATION, BY CATEGORY OF EMPLOYMENT, 2004 a<br />

(Porcentaje <strong>de</strong>l total <strong>de</strong> la población ocupada urbana masculina b / Percentage of total urban male employed population b )<br />

Empleadores Asalariados Cuenta propia Servicio doméstico Otras categorías<br />

Employers Wage earners S<strong>el</strong>f-employed Domestic service Other categories<br />

País / Country<br />

Argentina c 5.4 70.9 23.6 ... ...<br />

Bolivia 6.3 55.9 37.0 0.2 0.5 d<br />

Brasil / Brazil 6.0 65.4 27.8 0.8 ...<br />

Chile 4.9 73.9 21.0 0.2 ...<br />

Colombia i 7.0 50.5 42.1 0.4 ...<br />

Costa Rica 10.8 69.2 19.8 0.3 ...<br />

Ecuador 8.5 61.1 29.9 0.4 ...<br />

El Salvador 6.6 68.6 23.7 0.5 0.7 e<br />

Guatemala 7.5 63.1 29.2 0.2 ...<br />

Honduras 6.9 58.8 33.7 0.5 0.1 f<br />

México / Mexico 4.3 77.4 18.2 ... 0.1 g<br />

Nicaragua 6.6 65.7 27.3 ... 0.5 h<br />

Panamá / Panama 4.7 68.4 25.7 1.1 ...<br />

Paraguay 7.5 58.4 32.4 1.7 ...<br />

Perú / Peru 7.4 54.9 36.6 0.5 0.6<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic 6.7 53.9 38.3 1.1 ...<br />

Uruguay 2.0 74.9 23.0 ... 0.1 g<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) i<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) i 7.4 55.1 31.3 ... 6.2 g<br />

a a Los datos se refi eren al año más cercano al 2004. Data refers to year nearest to 2004.<br />

b b Correspon<strong>de</strong> a la población ocupada <strong>de</strong> 15 años y más.<br />

Corresponds to employed population aged 15 years and over.<br />

c c Veintiocho aglomerados urbanos.<br />

Twenty-eight urban agglomerations.<br />

d d Se refi ere a cooperativista por producción.<br />

Referring to production cooperatives.<br />

e e Incluye a cooperativistas.<br />

Inclu<strong>de</strong>s members of cooperatives.<br />

f f Se refi ere a trabajador en cooperativa, asentamiento o grupo.<br />

Refers to a worker in a cooperative, settlement or group.<br />

g g Se refi ere a miembro <strong>de</strong> una cooperativa.<br />

Refers to a member of a cooperative.<br />

h h Se refi ere a miembro <strong>de</strong> una cooperativa <strong>de</strong> producción.<br />

Refers to a member of a production cooperative.<br />

i National.<br />

i Nacional.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 53<br />

1.2 TRABAJO / LABOUR<br />

1.2.16 ESTRUCTURA DE LA POBLACIÓN OCUPADA URBANA FEMENINA, POR CATEGORÍA OCUPACIONAL, 2004 a<br />

STRUCTURE OF THE URBAN FEMALE EMPLOYED POPULATION, BY CATEGORY OF EMPLOYMENT, 2004 a<br />

(Porcentaje <strong>de</strong>l total <strong>de</strong> la población ocupada urbana femenina b / Percentage of total urban female employed population b )<br />

Empleadores Asalariados Cuenta propia Servicio doméstico Otras categorías<br />

Employers Wage earners S<strong>el</strong>f-employed Domestic service Other categories<br />

País / Country<br />

Argentina c 2.4 78.8 18.9 ... ...<br />

Bolivia 2.3 31.6 58.0 8.0 0.1 d<br />

Brasil / Brazil 2.9 53.9 24.2 19.0 ...<br />

Chile 3.0 61.7 18.9 16.3 ...<br />

Colombia f 2.9 44.7 39.8 12.5 ...<br />

Costa Rica 4.4 63.9 23.3 8.4 ...<br />

Ecuador 3.8 44.0 42.6 9.6 ...<br />

El Salvador 3.1 45.9 43.2 7.8 0.1 e<br />

Guatemala 3.5 41.7 46.3 8.5 ...<br />

Honduras 3.0 46.2 42.2 8.6 ...<br />

México / Mexico 1.6 71.4 27.0 ... ...<br />

Nicaragua 2.6 52.2 45.2 ... –<br />

Panamá / Panama 1.5 65.0 17.9 15.7 ...<br />

Paraguay 3.1 35.7 38.4 22.8 ...<br />

Perú / Peru 2.7 35.3 50.4 11.0 0.6<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic 3.7 60.9 23.4 12.0 ...<br />

Uruguay 2.0 74.9 23.0 ... 0.1 e<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) f<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) f 2.5 55.4 39.3 ... 2.8 e<br />

a Data refers to year nearest to 2004.<br />

b Corresponds to employed population aged 15 years and over.<br />

c Thirty-two urban agglomerations.<br />

d Referring to production cooperatives.<br />

e Refers to a member of a cooperative.<br />

a Los datos se refi eren al año más cercano al 2004.<br />

b Correspon<strong>de</strong> a la población ocupada <strong>de</strong> 15 años y más.<br />

c Treinta y dos aglomerados urbanos.<br />

d Se refi ere a cooperativista por producción.<br />

e Se refi ere a miembro <strong>de</strong> una cooperativa.<br />

f National.<br />

f Nacional.


54 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.2 TRABAJO / LABOUR<br />

1.2.17 TASA DE DESEMPLEO<br />

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE<br />

(Tasa anual media / Average annual rate)<br />

País / Country 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 a<br />

b c<br />

h i<br />

Argentina Áreas urbanas / Urban areas 7.4 17.5 17.2 14.9 12.9 14.3 15.1 17.4 19.7 17.3 b 13.6 b 11.6<br />

Barbados d Nacional / National 14.7 19.7 15.6 14.5 12.3 10.4 9.2 9.9 10.3 11.0 9.8 9.4 e<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice / B<strong>el</strong>ize Nacional / National ... ... 13.8 12.7 14.3 12.8 11.1 9.1 10.0 12.9 11.6 11.0 f<br />

Bolivia Áreas urbanas g / Urban areas g 7.3 3.6 3.8 4.4 6.1 7.2 7.5 8.5 8.7 9.2 8.5 ...<br />

Brasil / Brazil Seis áreas metropolitanas<br />

Six metropolitan areas 4.3 4.6 5.4 5.7 7.6 7.6 7.1 6.2 11.7 h 12.3 h 11.5 h 9.9<br />

Chile Nacional / National 9.2 7.4 6.4 6.1 6.4 9.8 9.2 9.1 9.0 8.5 8.8 8.1 i<br />

Colombia d Trece áreas metropolitanas j<br />

Thirteen metropolitan areas j 10.5 8.8 11.2 12.4 15.3 19.4 17.2 18.2 17.6 16.7 15.4 13.9 i<br />

Costa Rica Áreas urbanas / Urban areas 5.4 5.7 6.6 5.9 5.4 6.2 5.3 5.8 6.8 6.7 6.7 6.9<br />

Cuba Nacional / National ... 7.9 7.6 7.0 6.6 6.0 5.5 4.1 3.3 2.3 1.9 2.0<br />

Ecuador d Quito, Guayaquil y Cuenca k<br />

Quito, Guayaquil and Cuenca k 6.1 7.7 10.4 9.3 11.5 15.1 14.1 10.4 8.6 9.8 11.0 10.9 i<br />

El Salvador Áreas urbanas / Urban areas 10.0 7.0 7.5 7.5 7.6 6.9 6.5 7.0 6.2 6.2 6.5 7.2 c<br />

Guatemala Nacional / National 6.3 3.9 5.2 5.1 3.8 ... ... ... 3.8 3.9 4.0 ...<br />

Honduras Áreas urbanas / Urban areas 7.8 5.6 6.5 5.8 5.2 5.3 ... 5.9 6.1 7.6 8.0 6.9 l<br />

Jamaica d Nacional / National 15.3 16.2 16.0 16.5 15.5 15.7 15.5 15.0 14.2 11.4 11.7 11.5 m<br />

México n / Mexico n Áreas urbanas / Urban areas 2.7 6.2 5.5 5.4 4.7 3.7 3.4 3.6 3.9 4.6 5.3 4.8 i<br />

Nicaragua Áreas urbanas o / Urban areas o 7.6 16.9 16.0 14.3 13.2 10.7 9.8 10.5 11.6 10.2 9.3 ...<br />

Panamá d / Panama d Áreas urbanas p / Urban areas p 20.0 16.6 16.9 15.5 15.2 14.0 15.2 17.0 16.5 15.9 14.1 12.0<br />

Paraguay Áreas urbanas / Urban areas 6.6 5.3 8.2 7.1 6.6 9.4 10.0 10.8 14.7 11.2 10.0 ...<br />

Perú / Peru Lima metropolitana<br />

Metropolitan Lima 8.3 8.2 8.0 9.2 8.5 9.2 8.5 9.3 9.4 9.4 9.4 9.6 i<br />

República Dominicana d<br />

Dominican Republic d Nacional / National ... 15.8 16.5 15.9 14.3 13.8 13.9 15.4 16.1 17.0 18.4 18.4 f<br />

Trinidad y Tabago d<br />

Trinidad and Tobago d Nacional / National 20.1 17.2 16.2 15.0 14.2 13.2 12.2 10.8 10.4 10.5 8.6 8.2 q<br />

Uruguay Áreas urbanas / Urban areas 8.5 10.3 11.9 11.5 10.1 11.3 13.6 15.3 17.0 16.9 13.1 12.1<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) /<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) Nacional / National 10.4 10.3 11.8 11.4 11.3 15.0 13.9 13.3 15.8 18.0 15.3 12.4 i<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe r<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean r 5.8 9.3 9.9 9.3 10.3 11.0 10.4 10.2 11.0 10.9 10.3 9.3<br />

a Pr<strong>el</strong>iminary fi gures.<br />

b New measurement since 2003; data are not comparable with previous years.<br />

c Estimate based on the January-September average.<br />

d Inclu<strong>de</strong>s hid<strong>de</strong>n unemployment.<br />

e First semester.<br />

f Data corresponds to April.<br />

g Until 1999, data correspond to Departamental capital cities.<br />

h New measurement since 2002; data are not comparable with previous years.<br />

i Estimate based on the January-October average.<br />

j Until 1999, data correspond to seven metropolitan areas.<br />

k Until 1998, data correspond to the urban total.<br />

a Cifras pr<strong>el</strong>iminares.<br />

b Nueva medición a partir <strong>de</strong> 2003; datos no comparables con serie anterior.<br />

c Estimación basada en <strong>el</strong> promedio <strong>de</strong> enero a septiembre.<br />

d Incluye <strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong>sempleo oculto.<br />

e Primer semestre.<br />

f Dato correspon<strong>de</strong> a Abril.<br />

g Hasta 1999, las cifras correspon<strong>de</strong>n a las capitales <strong>de</strong>partamentales.<br />

h Nueva medición a partir <strong>de</strong> 2002; datos no comparables con serie anterior.<br />

i Estimación basada en <strong>el</strong> promedio <strong>de</strong> enero a octubre.<br />

j Hasta 1999, las cifras correspon<strong>de</strong>n a siete áreas metropolitanas.<br />

k Hasta 1998, las cifras correspon<strong>de</strong>n al total urbano.<br />

l May.<br />

l Mayo.<br />

m Data corresponds to the January-April average.<br />

n Since 1997, data are not comparable because of methodological changes and changes in<br />

geographical coverage.<br />

o Until 1999, data correspond to the national total.<br />

p Until 1999, data correspond to the Metropolitan Region.<br />

q Estimate based on the fi rst semester.<br />

r From 1991, inclu<strong>de</strong>s an adjustment to the data for Argentina, Brazil and Mexico, to take into<br />

account the methodological changes of the years 2002, 2003 and 2005, respectiv<strong>el</strong>y.<br />

m Dato correspondiente al promedio <strong>de</strong> enero y abril.<br />

n Des<strong>de</strong> 1997, los datos no son estrictamente comparables <strong>de</strong>bido a cambios metodológicos y<br />

cambios en la cobertura geográfi ca.<br />

o Hasta 1999, las cifras correspon<strong>de</strong>n al total nacional.<br />

p Hasta 1999, las cifras correspon<strong>de</strong>n a la Región Metropolitana.<br />

q Estimación basada en <strong>el</strong> primer semestre.<br />

r A partir <strong>de</strong> 1991, incluye un ajuste <strong>de</strong> los datos <strong>de</strong> Argentina, Brasil y México, para dar cuenta<br />

<strong>de</strong> los cambios metodológicos <strong>de</strong>l año 2002, 2003 y 2005, respectivamente.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 55<br />

1.2 TRABAJO / LABOUR<br />

1.2.18 TASA DE DESEMPLEO ABIERTO URBANO, SEGÚN SEXO Y AÑOS DE ESTUDIOS, 2004 a<br />

URBAN OPEN UNEMPLOYMENT RATE, BY SEX AND YEARS OF SCHOOLING, 2004 a<br />

(Tasa anual media b / Average annual rate b )<br />

Años <strong>de</strong> estudio / Years of schooling<br />

13 y más<br />

13 and over<br />

País / Country Sexo / Sex Total 0-5 6-9 10-12<br />

Argentina c Ambos sexos / Both sexes 12.7 13.3 14.0 14.6 8.6<br />

Hombres / Men 11.2 13.7 12.2 12.4 7.0<br />

Mujeres / Women 14.6 12.7 16.9 17.7 10.0<br />

Bolivia Ambos sexos / Both sexes 6.4 4.2 7.3 7.5 7.0<br />

Hombres / Men 5.2 4.0 5.9 6.0 4.6<br />

Mujeres / Women 7.9 4.4 9.2 9.8 10.0<br />

Brasil / Brazil Ambos sexos / Both sexes 11.1 9.2 15.0 12.4 5.2<br />

Hombres / Men 9.0 7.8 12.3 9.3 4.5<br />

Mujeres / Women 13.8 11.6 19.1 15.7 5.9<br />

Chile Ambos sexos / Both sexes 10.1 10.8 10.6 11.3 7.6<br />

Hombres / Men 8.5 10.5 9.6 8.9 6.2<br />

Mujeres / Women 12.4 11.5 12.3 14.7 9.4<br />

Colombia d Ambos sexos / Both sexes 13.7 9.0 15.2 18.8 15.2<br />

Hombres / Men 10.7 7.1 11.7 15.0 13.1<br />

Mujeres / Women 17.8 12.3 20.3 23.1 17.2<br />

Costa Rica Ambos sexos / Both sexes 6.7 7.8 7.7 7.6 3.8<br />

Hombres / Men 5.7 7.4 6.6 5.8 3.4<br />

Mujeres / Women 8.1 8.6 9.9 10.2 4.3<br />

Ecuador Ambos sexos / Both sexes 9.9 8.7 10.3 12.4 7.5<br />

Hombres / Men 7.5 8.6 7.4 8.8 5.6<br />

Mujeres / Women 13.4 8.8 15.2 17.3 9.6<br />

El Salvador Ambos sexos / Both sexes 6.5 6.0 6.9 7.0 6.1<br />

Hombres / Men 8.8 10.8 9.0 8.2 6.4<br />

Mujeres / Women 3.8 1.3 3.6 5.5 5.8<br />

Guatemala Ambos sexos / Both sexes 4.8 2.3 5.3 6.9 7.6<br />

Hombres / Men 4.8 2.8 4.3 7.5 7.7<br />

Mujeres / Women 4.8 1.8 7.0 6.1 7.5<br />

Honduras Ambos sexos / Both sexes 7.5 5.5 7.3 9.6 9.0<br />

Hombres / Men 7.2 5.8 8.0 7.6 7.1<br />

Mujeres / Women 7.8 5.1 6.3 11.4 11.2<br />

México / Mexico Ambos sexos / Both sexes 4.1 2.9 4.3 4.9 3.7<br />

Hombres / Men 4.7 4.2 4.9 5.4 4.0<br />

Mujeres / Women 3.1 0.8 3.1 4.3 3.4<br />

Nicaragua Ambos sexos / Both sexes 12.5 8.7 14.3 16.6 11.5<br />

Hombres / Men 13.2 9.1 15.4 19.5 9.8<br />

Mujeres / Women 11.7 8.0 12.5 14.1 13.6<br />

Panamá / Panama Ambos sexos / Both sexes 14.0 9.1 13.6 16.9 12.5<br />

Hombres / Men 11.5 9.3 12.4 12.8 8.9<br />

Mujeres / Women 17.6 8.8 16.0 22.7 15.6<br />

Paraguay Ambos sexos / Both sexes 11.0 9.8 10.9 14.5 7.2<br />

Hombres / Men 10.2 9.5 10.6 13.0 5.0<br />

Mujeres / Women 12.0 10.1 11.3 16.8 9.4<br />

Perú / Peru Ambos sexos / Both sexes 7.3 4.0 7.9 8.5 7.6<br />

Hombres / Men 7.0 4.1 8.1 7.8 6.8<br />

Mujeres / Women 7.7 3.9 7.7 9.5 8.7<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic Ambos sexos / Both sexes 20.4 18.1 20.7 25.3 16.5<br />

Hombres / Men 12.6 9.9 11.4 16.5 12.5<br />

Mujeres / Women 30.5 31.9 35.3 36.1 20.0<br />

Uruguay Ambos sexos / Both sexes 13.0 10.9 14.7 14.3 8.8<br />

Hombres / Men 10.2 8.3 10.8 11.3 7.7<br />

Mujeres / Women 16.6 15.6 20.8 17.8 9.8<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) Ambos sexos / Both sexes 16.2 13.4 16.6 18.0 15.7<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) Hombres / Men 14.4 12.7 15.1 14.9 14.1<br />

Mujeres / Women 18.8 14.9 19.4 21.9 17.1<br />

a Data refers to year nearest to 2004.<br />

b Corresponds to population aged 15 years and over.<br />

c Twenty-eight urban agglomerations.<br />

a Los datos se refi eren al año más cercano al 2004.<br />

b Correspon<strong>de</strong> a la población <strong>de</strong> 15 años y más.<br />

c Veintiocho aglomerados urbanos.<br />

d National.<br />

d Nacional.


56 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.2 TRABAJO / LABOUR<br />

1.2.19 TASA DE DESEMPLEO JUVENIL DE LAS PERSONAS COMPRENDIDAS ENTRE 15 Y 24 AÑOS, POR SEXO<br />

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE OF YOUNG PEOPLE AGED 15-24 YEARS, BY SEX<br />

(Porcentaje / Percentage)<br />

Ambos sexos / Both sexes Hombres / Men Mujeres / Women<br />

País Country<br />

1990 a 1995 a 2000 a 2002 a 1990 a 1995 a 2000 a 2002 a 1990 a 1995 a 2000 a 2002 a<br />

Anguila 16.4 ... ... ... 15.0 ... ... ... 18.4 ... ... ... Anguilla<br />

Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas b 18.0 28.8 27.2 ... 17.6 26.2 24.9 ... 18.5 32.0 30.0 ... Netherlands Antilles b<br />

Argentina c 13.0 11.9 25.9 31.8 11.5 10.5 21.9 31.2 15.6 14.2 31.0 32.7 Argentina c<br />

Aruba ... 11.3 20.4 ... ... 8.9 16.8 ... ... 14.6 24.5 ... Aruba<br />

Bahamas ... 22.2 15.8 ... ... 16.5 10.6 ... ... 28.5 22 ... Bahamas<br />

Barbados 30.7 38.1 19.1 23.3 21.8 33.3 16.8 20.8 40.5 43.2 22.1 26.2 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice d ... 23.4 22.5 ... ... 19.1 15.4 ... ... 31.7 34.7 ... B<strong>el</strong>ize d<br />

Bolivia 4.5 e 6.1 e 8.5 f ... 3.1 e 5.2 e 7.0 f ... 8.7 e 7.0 e 10.4 f ... Bolivia<br />

Brasil 6.7 g 11.4 g 18.3 g 17.9 6.7 g 9.7 g 15.1 g 14.6 6.8 g 14.1 g 23.0 g 22.4 Brazil<br />

Chile 13.1 11.5 19.8 18.8 13.4 10.8 17.6 17.1 12.4 12.7 24.0 22.1 Chile<br />

Colombia 27.1 h 18.5 i 36.3 ... 23.4 h 15.6 i 31.9 ... 31.4 h 21.8 i 40.7 ... Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 8.3 11.1 11.0 13.4 7.6 10.2 9.1 11.9 10.0 12.9 14.5 16.4 Costa Rica<br />

Dominica ... 40.6 ... ... ... 36.4 ... ... ... 46.3 ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador f 13.5 15.3 13.5 14.8 11.1 13.0 10.5 10.6 17.3 18.6 18.1 20.4 Ecuador f<br />

El Salvador 14.7 f 13.3 12.8 10.5 14.9 f 13.4 14.0 ... 14.4 f 13.0 9.9 ... El Salvador<br />

Granada 27.0 ... ... ... 27.5 ... ... ... 26.7 ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guyana 26.8 ... ... ... 20.8 ... ... ... 38.3 ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Honduras 10.5 i 7.2 i 7.3 6.0 8.7 i 6.2 i 7.0 ... 15.1 i 9.8 i 7.8 ... Honduras<br />

Islas Vírgenes Británicas 7.5 ... ... ... 7.6 ... ... ... 7.2 ... ... ... British Virgin Islands<br />

Jamaica 30.1 34.1 34.0 ... 19.5 25.1 23.9 ... 42.5 44.6 46.2 ... Jamaica<br />

México 5.4 9.6 4.4 4.9 5.2 8.9 4.2 4.5 5.8 11.0 4.7 5.6 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 11.1 23.3 f 9.1 20.0 f 8.6 22.4 f 7.0 20.3 f 16.7 24.7 f 13.6 19.7 f Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 30.9 27.3 29.0 j ... 25.7 23.0 24.7 j ... 41.0 35.6 36.6 j ... Panama<br />

Paraguay 15.7 k 6.0 11.9 13.8 15.0 k 5.2 10.8 11.7 16.5 k 7.9 13.9 17.3 Paraguay<br />

Perú 15.8 l 11.4 d l 13.6 f 15.2 l 12.6 l 9.8 d l f l l d l f l 13.7 12.6 19.7 13.5 13.6 13.9 Peru<br />

Puerto Rico 31.3 m 26.4 m 20.5 m ... 33.3 m 28.3 m 23.3 m ... 27.6 m 23.3 m 16.0 ... Puerto Rico<br />

República Dominicana 34.0 29.2 23.1 ... 25.0 20.9 16.2 ... 48.2 41.5 34.3 ... Dominican Republic<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas n 36.3 ... ... ... 32.8 ... ... ... 43.0 ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines n<br />

Santa Lucía ... 34.2 44.0 ... ... 27.5 38.1 ... ... 42.3 51.8 ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 36.6 26.2 ... ... 29.0 25.2 ... ... 46.2 28.2 ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago n 36.4 31.0 25.4 ... 33.1 28.3 21.9 ... 42.5 35.2 30.9 ... Trinidad and Tobago n<br />

Uruguay f 24.9 24.6 30.7 34.2 22.6 21.3 26.6 28.7 28.1 29.2 36.4 41.7 Uruguay f<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 19.4 19.1 24.3 22.6 20.0 16.6 22.3 19.6 17.9 24.8 28.3 27.7 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe o 17.9 ... 23.2 ... 16.0 ... 20.6 ... 20.4 ... 26.8 ... Latin America and the Caribbean o<br />

a Data refers to the year nearest to the one heading the column.<br />

b Curacao.<br />

c Greater Buenos Aires.<br />

d Age 14-24 years old.<br />

e Main towns.<br />

f Urban areas.<br />

g Geographic coverage: Exclu<strong>de</strong>s the rural population of Rondônia, Acre, Amazonas, Roraima, Pará and Amapá.<br />

h Seven main cities.<br />

i Age: 15-29 years old.<br />

j Geographic coverage: Exclu<strong>de</strong>s resi<strong>de</strong>nts of areas that are mainly indigenous.<br />

k Geographic coverage: Asunción.<br />

l Geographic coverage: Lima.<br />

m Excluding persons temporarily laid off.<br />

n Partial coverage: Exclu<strong>de</strong>s the unemployed not previously employed.<br />

o Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 45 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian<br />

Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a Bolivia, Brazil, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba,<br />

Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Grenada, Gua<strong>de</strong>loupe, Guatemala, Guyana,<br />

Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru,<br />

Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago,<br />

Turks and Caicos Islands, United States Virgin Islands and Uruguay.<br />

a Los datos se refi eren al año más cercano al que encabeza la columna.<br />

b Curacao.<br />

c Gran Buenos Aires.<br />

d Edad 14-24 años.<br />

e Principales ciuda<strong>de</strong>s.<br />

f Áreas urbanas.<br />

g Cobertura geográfi ca: Excluye la población rural <strong>de</strong> Rondônia, Acre, Amazonas, Roraima, Pará y Amapá.<br />

h Siete ciuda<strong>de</strong>s principales.<br />

i Edad: 15-29 años.<br />

j Cobertura geográfi ca: Excluye resi<strong>de</strong>ntes <strong>de</strong> áreas que son principalmente indígenas.<br />

k Cobertura geográfi ca: Asunción.<br />

l Cobertura geográfi ca: Lima.<br />

m Excluye a personas temporalmente cesantes.<br />

n Cobertura limitada: Excluye los <strong>de</strong>sempleados no empleados previamente.<br />

o Incluye 45 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados,<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guadalupe,<br />

Guatemala, Guayana Francesa, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Islas Caimán, Islas Turcas y Caicos, Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los<br />

Estados Unidos, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Jamaica, Martinica, México, Montserrat, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, Puerto Rico, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las<br />

Granaditas, Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 57<br />

1.3 EDUCACIÓN / EDUCATION<br />

1.3.1 POBLACIÓN ANALFABETA DE 15 Y MÁS AÑOS DE EDAD, POR SEXO a<br />

ILLITERACY IN THE POPULATION AGED 15 YEARS AND OVER, BY SEX a<br />

(Porcentaje <strong>de</strong> la población <strong>de</strong> 15 y más años <strong>de</strong> edad / Percentage of the population aged 15 years and over)<br />

Ambos sexos / Both sexes Hombres / Men Mujeres / Women<br />

País / Country<br />

1990 2000 2005 1990 2000 2005 1990 2000 2005<br />

Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas / Netherlands Antilles 4.4 3.5 3.1 4.4 3.5 3.1 4.3 3.4 3.0<br />

Argentina 4.3 3.2 2.8 4.1 3.2 2.8 4.4 3.2 2.7<br />

Bahamas 5.6 4.6 4.2 6.4 5.5 5.0 4.8 3.7 3.3<br />

Barbados 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.2<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice / B<strong>el</strong>ize 10.9 6.8 5.3 10.0 6.7 5.4 11.8 6.8 5.2<br />

Bolivia 21.9 14.6 11.7 13.2 8.1 6.2 30.2 20.8 17.0<br />

Brasil / Brazil 18.0 13.1 11.1 17.1 13.0 11.3 18.8 13.2 11.0<br />

Chile 6.0 4.2 3.5 5.6 4.1 3.4 6.4 4.4 3.6<br />

Colombia 11.6 8.4 7.1 11.2 8.4 7.2 11.9 8.4 6.9<br />

Costa Rica 6.1 4.4 3.8 6.1 4.5 3.9 6.2 4.4 3.7<br />

Cuba 4.9 3.3 2.7 4.8 3.2 2.6 4.9 3.4 2.8<br />

Ecuador 12.4 8.4 7.0 9.8 6.8 5.6 14.9 10.1 8.3<br />

El Salvador 27.6 21.3 18.9 23.9 18.5 16.4 30.9 23.9 21.2<br />

Guatemala 39.0 31.5 28.2 31.2 24.0 20.9 46.8 38.9 35.4<br />

Guyana 2.8 1.5 1.0 2.0 1.1 0.8 3.6 1.9 1.3<br />

Haití / Haiti 60.3 50.2 45.2 57.4 48.0 43.5 63.1 52.2 46.8<br />

Honduras 31.9 25.0 22.0 31.1 25.1 22.4 32.7 25.0 21.7<br />

Jamaica 17.8 13.1 11.3 22.0 17.1 15.0 13.9 9.3 7.7<br />

México / Mexico 12.7 8.8 7.4 9.4 6.7 5.7 15.7 10.9 9.1<br />

Nicaragua 37.3 33.5 31.9 37.3 33.8 32.2 37.2 33.3 31.6<br />

Panamá / Panama 11.0 8.1 7.0 10.3 7.5 6.4 11.6 8.8 7.6<br />

Paraguay 9.7 6.7 5.6 7.6 5.6 4.8 11.7 7.8 6.4<br />

Perú / Peru 14.5 10.1 8.4 8.0 5.3 4.4 20.9 14.8 12.3<br />

Puerto Rico 8.5 6.2 5.4 8.4 6.4 5.7 8.5 6.0 5.1<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic 20.6 16.3 14.5 20.2 16.3 14.7 21.0 16.3 14.4<br />

Trinidad y Tabago / Trinidad and Tobago 3.2 1.7 1.2 1.9 1.1 0.8 4.4 2.3 1.7<br />

Uruguay 3.5 2.4 2.0 4.0 2.9 2.5 3.0 2.0 1.6<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) / Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) 11.1 7.5 6.0 9.9 7.0 5.8 12.3 8.0 6.2<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe b / Latin America and the Caribbean b 14.9 11.1 9.5 13.2 10.1 8.8 16.6 12.1 10.3<br />

a Illiterate population is <strong>de</strong>fi ned as the group of persons who cannot, with un<strong>de</strong>rstanding, both read and write<br />

a short simple statement on their everyday life. Data presented in this table correspond to the latest literacy<br />

estimates and projections by UNESCO, assessed in July 2002 and based on statistics collected during<br />

national population censuses. Population data correspond to the 2000 revision of the United Nations World<br />

Population Prospects.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 41 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bermuda,<br />

Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia,<br />

Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti,<br />

Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts<br />

and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos<br />

Islands, and Uruguay.<br />

a La población analfabeta está <strong>de</strong>fi nida como aqu<strong>el</strong>la que no es capaz <strong>de</strong> leer y escribir, con entendimiento, un<br />

r<strong>el</strong>ato simple y breve <strong>de</strong> su vida cotidiana. Los datos presentados correspon<strong>de</strong>n a las últimas estimaciones<br />

y proyecciones <strong>de</strong> la UNESCO sobre <strong>el</strong> analfabetismo, revisadas en julio <strong>de</strong> 2002 y basadas en los datos<br />

recopilados en los censos nacionales <strong>de</strong> población. Los datos sobre población correspon<strong>de</strong>n a estimaciones<br />

<strong>de</strong> Naciones Unidas según su revisión 2000 <strong>de</strong>l World Population Prospects.<br />

b Incluye 41 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas,<br />

Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bermuda, Bolivia, Brasil, Islas Caimanes, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Turcas y<br />

Caicos, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala,<br />

Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Montserrat, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y las<br />

Granadinas, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.


58 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.3 EDUCACIÓN / EDUCATION<br />

1.3.2 POBLACIÓN URBANA ANALFABETA, POR SEXO Y GRUPOS DE EDAD, 2004 a<br />

ILLITERACY IN THE URBAN POPULATION, BY SEX AND AGE GROUPS, 2004 a<br />

(Porcentaje <strong>de</strong> población en cada grupo <strong>de</strong> edad / Percentage of population in each age group)<br />

Grupos <strong>de</strong> edad / Age groups<br />

60 y más<br />

60 and over<br />

Total 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-59<br />

País / Country Sexo / Sex<br />

Argentina Ambos sexos / Both sexes 1.5 b 0.8 b 0.8 b 1.1 b 1.9 b 2.9 b<br />

Hombres / Men 1.3 b 0.8 b 0.9 b 1.2 b 1.7 b 1.9 b<br />

Mujeres / Women 1.6 b 0.8 b 0.7 b 0.9 b 2.1 b 3.5 b<br />

Bolivia Ambos sexos / Both sexes 5.6 0.7 3.3 5.6 9.1 25.4<br />

Hombres / Men 1.5 0.5 0.8 1.4 1.9 7.3<br />

Mujeres / Women 9.3 0.9 5.3 9.2 16.5 39.5<br />

Brasil / Brazil Ambos sexos / Both sexes 8.9 2.3 4.6 7.1 11.8 27.8<br />

Hombres / Men 8.4 2.9 5.5 7.8 10.8 23.9<br />

Mujeres / Women 9.3 1.6 3.7 6.5 12.6 30.7<br />

Chile Ambos sexos / Both sexes 2.8 0.8 1.2 1.9 3.1 9.2<br />

Hombres / Men 2.5 1.0 1.5 2.1 2.5 7.3<br />

Mujeres / Women 3.1 0.5 0.9 1.8 3.6 10.7<br />

Colombia Ambos sexos / Both sexes 7.2 c 2.0 c 3.1 c 5.7 c 9.0 c 22.7 c<br />

Hombres / Men 7.1 c 2.4 c 3.5 c 6.5 c 8.9 c 20.4 c<br />

Mujeres / Women 7.3 c 1.6 c 2.7 c 4.9 c 9.1 c 24.7 c<br />

Costa Rica Ambos sexos / Both sexes 5.9 1.7 3.6 3.4 5.6 22.7<br />

Hombres / Men 5.7 2.5 3.2 3.8 5.7 20.8<br />

Mujeres / Women 6.2 0.9 4.0 3.1 5.6 24.2<br />

Ecuador Ambos sexos / Both sexes 14.8 8.4 6.4 9.9 15.6 25.4<br />

Hombres / Men 11.6 9.7 6.7 6.3 11.5 19.2<br />

Mujeres / Women 17.8 6.9 6.0 13.3 19.3 30.6<br />

El Salvador Ambos sexos / Both sexes 10.4 3.3 4.5 8.1 14.0 32.2<br />

Hombres / Men 7.0 3.2 3.2 4.8 7.7 23.5<br />

Mujeres / Women 13.2 3.5 5.7 10.6 18.6 38.6<br />

Guatemala Ambos sexos / Both sexes 16.1 7.0 10.2 17.5 24.9 39.3<br />

Hombres / Men 10.4 5.0 5.8 9.4 15.4 30.6<br />

Mujeres / Women 21.0 8.8 13.9 24.3 32.2 47.0<br />

Honduras Ambos sexos / Both sexes 10.1 3.5 5.5 8.1 13.9 35.5<br />

Hombres / Men 9.1 4.0 5.6 7.7 11.4 29.9<br />

Mujeres / Women 10.9 3.0 5.4 8.3 15.9 39.7<br />

México / Mexico Ambos sexos / Both sexes 4.7 1.0 1.8 2.6 7.3 18.4<br />

Hombres / Men 3.3 1.0 1.5 1.9 4.6 13.3<br />

Mujeres / Women 5.9 0.9 2.1 3.3 9.6 22.4<br />

Nicaragua Ambos sexos / Both sexes 13.6 6.1 7.2 14.0 23.1 38.1<br />

Hombres / Men 12.4 7.5 7.2 10.5 19.1 36.7<br />

Mujeres / Women 14.6 4.8 7.2 17.1 26.0 39.1<br />

Panamá / Panama Ambos sexos / Both sexes 3.1 0.9 1.5 1.6 3.5 11.8<br />

Hombres / Men 2.7 0.9 1.5 1.2 2.9 11.1<br />

Mujeres / Women 3.4 0.9 1.6 1.9 4.0 12.3<br />

Paraguay Ambos sexos / Both sexes 5.1 1.4 2.4 3.6 6.0 19.9<br />

Hombres / Men 4.2 1.6 2.2 3.0 5.5 14.5<br />

Mujeres / Women 5.9 1.3 2.5 4.1 6.5 24.0<br />

Perú / Peru Ambos sexos / Both sexes 5.9 1.2 1.8 4.0 8.5 21.8<br />

Hombres / Men 2.9 1.1 1.0 1.2 3.3 12.1<br />

Mujeres / Women 8.6 1.2 2.4 6.6 13.4 30.5<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic Ambos sexos / Both sexes 7.5 2.5 4.1 6.6 10.8 23.0<br />

Hombres / Men 7.1 2.7 4.8 6.5 10.0 19.9<br />

Mujeres / Women 7.9 2.4 3.6 6.6 11.5 25.7<br />

Uruguay Ambos sexos / Both sexes 3.7 1.0 1.2 1.2 2.4 9.8<br />

Hombres / Men 3.6 1.2 1.3 1.3 2.5 10.2<br />

Mujeres / Women 3.8 0.8 1.1 1.1 2.2 9.5<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) Ambos sexos c / Both sexes c 6.8 2.2 3.3 4.7 9.0 27.3<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) Hombres c / Men c 6.2 2.8 3.8 5.0 7.9 21.5<br />

Mujeres c / Women c 7.4 1.6 2.7 4.4 10.1 32.3<br />

a Data refers to years nearest to 2004.<br />

b Twenty-eight urban agglomerations.<br />

a Los datos se refi eren al año más cercano al 2004.<br />

b Veintiocho aglomerados urbanos.<br />

c National.<br />

c Nacional.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 59<br />

1.3 EDUCACIÓN / EDUCATION<br />

1.3.3 TASA NETA DE MATRÍCULA EN EL PRIMER NIVEL DE ENSEÑANZA a<br />

NET ENROLMENT RATE IN FIRST-LEVEL EDUCATION a<br />

(Porcentaje / Percentage)<br />

País / Country 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002<br />

Anguila / Anguilla ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 96.5 95.2<br />

Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas / Netherlands Antilles ... ... ... ... 96.1 94.9 91.1 88.4 88.4 b<br />

Argentina ... ... ... 100.0 ... ... ... ... ...<br />

Aruba ... ... ... ... 97.8 b 99.6 97.0 98.3 99.0<br />

Bahamas b ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 86.4 86.4<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... 99.7 b 99.8 99.9 99.8 100.0<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice / B<strong>el</strong>ize ... ... ... ... 94.3 b 96.3 96.2 b 98.5 b 99.2<br />

Bolivia 90.7 ... ... ... 96.0 95.6 95.0 94.2 95.1<br />

Brasil / Brazil 86.4 ... ... ... ... 94.1 b 94.6 b 96.5 97.3<br />

Chile 87.7 87.3 89.4 ... 87.9 c 88.9 c 88.8 c ... 86.5 c<br />

Colombia ... 80.7 84.7 ... 86.6 88.1 88.5 b 86.7 87.4<br />

Costa Rica 96.3 88.3 90.7 89.0 88.5 b 91.9 92.0 90.6 90.4<br />

Cuba 91.7 99.2 99.7 99.4 98.9 99.2 97.2 95.7 93.5<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... 85.0 b ... ... 87.4 81.3<br />

Ecuador ... 93.6 96.9 ... 97.0 b 98.1 b 99.4 b 99.5 99.5<br />

El Salvador ... 78.1 ... ... 81.0 ... ... 88.9 90.4<br />

Granada b / Grenada b ... ... ... ... ... ... 84.2 ... ...<br />

Guatemala ... ... ... 72.5 76.5 b 81.0 84.2 85.0 87.3<br />

Guyana 92.9 87.3 ... ... 95.7 b 98.4 b 99.2 b 99.2 b 99.2 b<br />

Haití / Haiti 22.1 ... 56.1 ... ... ... ... ... ...<br />

Honduras ... ... ... ... ... ... 87.4 87.4 b ...<br />

Islas Vírgenes Británicas / British Virgin Islands ... ... ... ... 95.6 b 95.3 b 94.6 b 93.9 93.7<br />

Jamaica 95.7 ... ... ... 90.3 b 94.3 95.0 95.2 94.6<br />

México / Mexico 100.0 100.0 99.7 99.6 99.5 99.5 99.4 99.4 99.4<br />

Nicaragua 72.2 77.6 76.3 77.3 77.9 b 79.4 80.7 81.9 85.5<br />

Panamá / Panama 91.4 ... ... ... 96.5 b 96.2 97.8 99.0 99.6<br />

Paraguay 92.8 88.4 91.2 ... 91.7 b 91.5 92.2 91.5 89.3<br />

Perú / Peru ... 90.8 91.0 91.0 99.8 99.9 b 99.9 99.9 99.7<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic ... ... 78.3 84.3 88.3 b 90.8 b 94.8 b 97.1 96.4<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis / Saint Kitts and Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... 94.6 ... 100.0<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas / Saint Vincent and the Grenadines ... ... ... ... ... 89.0 b 91.1 b 91.9 b 90.0<br />

Santa Lucía / Saint Lucia ... ... ... ... 99.6 b 97.9 b 100.0 b 98.5 b 99.4<br />

Suriname b ... ... ... ... ... ... 98.1 97.0 97.0<br />

Trinidad y Tabago / Trinidad and Tobago 90.9 89.5 88.3 ... 92.9 93.0 92.5 86.8 90.6<br />

Uruguay ... 92.5 92.6 ... 92.4 91.4 90.4 89.5 90.4<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) / Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) 88.1 82.1 83.8 ... 85.9 87.8 92.4 b 92.4 90.8<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe d / Latin America and the Caribbean d 86.4 ... ... ... 94.4 94.4 95.1 95.7 ...<br />

a Ratio of the number of pupils of offi cial school age enrolled in fi rst lev<strong>el</strong> education to the total population of the<br />

same age-group. Enrolment data has been subject to the new International Standard Classifi cation of Education<br />

1997 (ISCED 1997) since the school year starting in 1998. Therefore, data up to 1997 is not strictly comparable<br />

with data from 1998 onwards.<br />

b Estimate of the UNESCO Institute for Statistics.<br />

c The fi gure for Chile un<strong>de</strong>restimates by around 10 percentage points the net enrolment rate, since the cohort used in<br />

the calculations inclu<strong>de</strong>s all six-year-old children, <strong>de</strong>spite the fact that, because of the existing cut-off rules, most<br />

children turn seven while they are still in fi rst gra<strong>de</strong>.<br />

d Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 41 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bermuda,<br />

Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia, Costa<br />

Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras,<br />

Jamaica, Mexico, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, and Uruguay.<br />

a Proporción <strong>de</strong> alumnos, en edad escolar ofi cial, matriculados en <strong>el</strong> primer niv<strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong> enseñanza, como porcentaje <strong>de</strong><br />

la población total <strong>de</strong> niños en edad escolar ofi cial <strong>de</strong>l mismo niv<strong>el</strong>. Des<strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong> año escolar 1998, las tasas <strong>de</strong> matrícula<br />

han sido calculadas según la nueva Clasifi cación Internacional Normalizada 1997 (CINE 1997). Por en<strong>de</strong>, los datos<br />

hasta <strong>el</strong> año 1997 no son estrictamente comparables con los datos <strong>de</strong> los años sucesivos.<br />

b Estimación <strong>de</strong>l Instituto <strong>de</strong> Estadística <strong>de</strong> UNESCO.<br />

c En <strong>el</strong> caso <strong>de</strong> Chile la cifra subestima alre<strong>de</strong>dor <strong>de</strong> 10 puntos porcentuales la tasa neta <strong>de</strong> matrícula primaria, por<br />

cuanto en la cohorte consi<strong>de</strong>rada en su cálculo se incluye a todos los niños <strong>de</strong> 6 años, aunque en virtud <strong>de</strong> las normas<br />

vigentes, la mayoría <strong>de</strong> los niños cumple los 7 años mientras cursa <strong>el</strong> primer grado.<br />

d Incluye 41 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados,<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bermuda, Bolivia, Brasil, Islas Caimán, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Turcas y Caicos, Chile, Colombia,<br />

Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México,<br />

Montserrat, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint<br />

Kitts y Nevis, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y las Granadinas, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.


60 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.3 EDUCACIÓN / EDUCATION<br />

1.3.4 TASA NETA DE MATRÍCULA EN EL SEGUNDO NIVEL DE ENSEÑANZA a<br />

NET ENROLMENT RATE IN SECOND-LEVEL EDUCATION a<br />

(Porcentaje / Percentage)<br />

País / Country 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002<br />

Anguila / Anguilla ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 94.8 98.0<br />

Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas / Netherlands Antilles ... ... ... ... 70.8 64.0 57.3 64.6 63.1 b<br />

Argentina ... ... ... ... 73.6 b 76.0 79.1 c 80.8 81.3<br />

Aruba ... ... ... ... 79.3 79.9 72.1 77.5 75.3<br />

Bahamas b ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 76.0 75.8<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... 88.2 b 89.6 84.9 86.8 89.8<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice / B<strong>el</strong>ize 28.9 ... ... ... 56.4 b 59.1 b 60.4 64.4 b 69.0 b<br />

Bolivia 29.4 ... ... ... ... ... 67.3 b 68.1 b 71.2 b<br />

Brasil / Brazil 15.5 ... ... ... ... 66.6 69.2 71.6 74.9<br />

Chile 54.6 54.9 58.3 ... 70.3 71.8 74.5 ... 78.6<br />

Colombia ... 45.6 ... ... 54.0 b 54.3 56.5 b 53.5 55.3 b<br />

Costa Rica 35.7 40.8 40.4 41.0 48.5 b 44.0 49.5 ... 52.7<br />

Cuba 68.9 ... ... 57.3 75.2 79.7 82.3 83.4 86.2<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... 78.8 97.2 96.7 98.5 b 91.8 b<br />

Ecuador ... ... ... ... 46.1 47.1 48.3 50.0 50.4<br />

El Salvador ... 22.0 ... ... 39.6 b ... 44.3 b 46.0 48.6 b<br />

Granada b / Grenada b ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 96.1<br />

Guatemala ... ... ... ... 21.3 b 23.0 b 26.2 b 29.3 b 29.7<br />

Guyana 70.6 65.7 ... ... 74.2 b 78.1 b ... ... ...<br />

Islas Vírgenes Británicas / British Virgin Islands ... ... ... ... 79.8 b 77.8 78.3 b 80.3 b 77.6 b<br />

Jamaica 63.6 ... ... ... 83.9 b 74.7 b 74.3 74.9 75.4 b<br />

México / Mexico 44.8 51.2 ... ... 54.9 b 56.1 b 58.2 b 60.2 b 62.6<br />

Nicaragua ... ... ... 32.7 ... ... 35.5 37.0 39.0<br />

Panamá / Panama 50.8 ... ... ... 60.1 b 59.2 b 61.1 b 62.4 b 63.0 b<br />

Paraguay 25.8 35.7 37.9 ... 42.1 b 45.1 b 46.8 b 50.1 b 51.1<br />

Perú / Peru ... 53.1 54.6 55.2 62.2 ... 65.8 b 68.9 b 69.2<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic ... ... ... 28.7 39.5 b 40.0 b 36.0 b 40.8 35.5 b<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis / Saint Kitts and Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 96.8 94.7<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas / Saint Vincent and the Grenadines ... ... ... ... ... 57.1 59.8 b 51.8 b 58.4<br />

Santa Lucía / Saint Lucia ... ... ... ... 65.4 70.1 b 70.4 b 70.5 b 76.1 b<br />

Suriname b ... ... ... ... ... ... 61.3 63.4 63.7<br />

Trinidad y Tabago b / Trinidad and Tobago b ... ... ... ... 72.5 70.0 72.2 70.4 72.0<br />

Uruguay ... ... ... ... ... ... 69.9 b 71.7 b 73.2<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) / Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) 18.6 19.2 22.3 ... 48.0 51.1 ... 57.5 b 59.2<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe d / Latin America and the Caribbean d 29.0 ... ... ... ... 61.0 64.0 64.0 ...<br />

a Ratio of the number of pupils of offi cial school age enrolled in second lev<strong>el</strong> education to the total population of the<br />

same age-group. Enrolment data has been subject to the new International Standard Classifi cation of Education<br />

1997 (ISCED 1997) since the school year starting in 1998. Therefore, data up to 1997 is not strictly comparable<br />

with data from 1998 onwards.<br />

b Estimate of the UNESCO Institute for Statistics.<br />

c National estimate.<br />

d Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 41 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bermuda,<br />

Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia, Costa<br />

Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras,<br />

Jamaica, Mexico, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, and Uruguay.<br />

a Proporción <strong>de</strong> alumnos, en edad escolar ofi cial, matriculados en <strong>el</strong> segundo niv<strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong> enseñanza, como porcentaje <strong>de</strong><br />

la población total <strong>de</strong> niños en edad escolar ofi cial <strong>de</strong>l mismo niv<strong>el</strong>. Des<strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong> año escolar 1998, las tasas <strong>de</strong> matrícula<br />

han sido calculadas según la nueva Clasifi cación Internacional Normalizada 1997 (CINE 1997). Por en<strong>de</strong>, los datos<br />

hasta <strong>el</strong> año 1997 no son estrictamente comparables con los datos <strong>de</strong> los años sucesivos.<br />

b Estimación <strong>de</strong>l Instituto <strong>de</strong> Estadística <strong>de</strong> UNESCO.<br />

c Estimación nacional.<br />

d Incluye 41 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados,<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bermuda, Bolivia, Brasil, Islas Caimán, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Turcas y Caicos, Chile, Colombia,<br />

Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México,<br />

Montserrat, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint<br />

Kitts y Nevis, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y las Granadinas, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 61<br />

1.3 EDUCACIÓN / EDUCATION<br />

1.3.5 TASA BRUTA DE MATRÍCULA EN EL TERCER NIVEL DE ENSEÑANZA a<br />

GROSS ENROLMENT RATE IN THIRD-LEVEL EDUCATION a<br />

(Porcentaje / Percentage)<br />

País / Country 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002<br />

Anguila / Anguilla ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1.4<br />

Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas / Netherlands Antilles ... ... ... ... 14.4 15.9 15.0 14.0 ...<br />

Argentina 38.8 37.7 38.2 40.3 46.9 47.9 52.1 b 56.3 59.8<br />

Aruba ... ... ... ... 26.3 29.2 30.4 28.8 30.3<br />

Bahamas 18.9 24.8 24.8 24.8 ... ... ... ... ...<br />

Barbados 27.2 28.7 29.8 31.0 32.0 38.3 38.1 ... ...<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice / B<strong>el</strong>ize 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 ... ... ... ... 2.0<br />

Bolivia 21.3 24.2 25.2 24.9 30.9 33.8 36.7 39.1 39.4<br />

Brasil / Brazil 11.2 12.9 14.5 14.8 13.6 14.9 16.5 18.2 20.6<br />

Chile 20.7 28.2 30.3 31.5 33.8 37.5 37.5 ... 42.4<br />

Colombia 13.4 15.5 16.7 19.8 21.2 b 22.2 23.3 24.2 24.3<br />

Costa Rica 26.9 30.6 30.9 31.3 16.8 b 16.4 16.6 20.5 19.4<br />

Cuba 20.9 12.7 12.4 12.4 18.9 c 20.9 24.2 c 27.4 33.7<br />

Ecuador 20.0 17.9 17.9 17.6 ... ... ... ... ...<br />

El Salvador 15.9 18.9 17.8 17.7 18.3 18.1 17.3 16.7 17.4<br />

Guatemala 8.4 8.5 8.5 8.4 ... ... ... ... 9.3<br />

Guyana 5.8 9.7 11.4 11.6 ... ... ... ... 6.1<br />

Haití / Haiti 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 ... ... ... ... ...<br />

Honduras 8.9 10.9 11.2 11.7 13.5 14.3 b 14.8 15.2 b ...<br />

Islas Vírgenes Británicas / British Virgin Islands ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 51.0 ...<br />

Jamaica 6.8 7.8 8.2 8.7 ... 14.0 16.4 17.4 17.5 b<br />

México / Mexico 14.5 15.3 16.0 16.8 18.3 19.6 20.5 21.5 22.4<br />

Nicaragua 8.2 11.5 11.5 11.8 ... ... ... 18.3 b 18.3<br />

Panamá / Panama 21.5 30.0 31.5 33.0 38.5 40.8 44.3 43.8 43.2<br />

Paraguay 8.3 10.1 10.3 10.1 ... 13.7 16.6 18.6 27.0 b<br />

Perú / Peru 30.4 27.1 25.7 25.8 ... ... ... 31.8 b 31.9 b<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic 19.9 22.4 22.9 23.1 ... ... ... ... 34.5<br />

Santa Lucía / Saint Lucia ... ... ... ... 25.4 ... ... ... ...<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 12.2 ...<br />

Trinidad y Tabago / Trinidad and Tobago 6.6 7.9 8.2 8.3 6.0 6.0 6.5 7.3 8.9<br />

Uruguay 29.9 28.5 29.5 30.1 34.8 b 33.6 b 36.1 b 36.2 b 37.4 b<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) / Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) 29.0 28.5 28.5 28.2 ... 29.1 28.0 b 38.6 40.2 b<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe d / Latin America and the Caribbean d 16.9 17.7 18.6 19.3 20.1 21.7 23.2 25.2 ...<br />

a Total number of enrolled stu<strong>de</strong>nts, regardless of age, divi<strong>de</strong>d by the population of legal school age, multiplied<br />

by 100.<br />

b Estimate of the UNESCO Institute for Statistics.<br />

c National estimate.<br />

d Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 41 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bermuda,<br />

Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia, Costa<br />

Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras,<br />

Jamaica, Mexico, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, and Uruguay.<br />

a Total <strong>de</strong> alumnos matriculados, in<strong>de</strong>pendiente <strong>de</strong> su edad, sobre la población <strong>de</strong> edad escolar ofi cial, multiplicado<br />

por 100.<br />

b Estimación <strong>de</strong>l Instituto <strong>de</strong> Estadística <strong>de</strong> UNESCO.<br />

c Estimación nacional.<br />

d Incluye 41 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados,<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bermuda, Bolivia, Brasil, Islas Caimán, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Turcas y Caicos, Chile, Colombia,<br />

Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica,<br />

México, Montserrat, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República<br />

Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y las Granadinas, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y


62 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.3 EDUCACIÓN / EDUCATION<br />

1.3.6 ASISTENCIA ESCOLAR EN ÁREAS URBANAS, POR QUINTILES DE INGRESO PER CÁPITA DEL HOGAR, SEGÚN SEXO Y GRUPOS DE EDAD, 2004 a<br />

SCHOOL ATTENDANCE IN URBAN AREAS, BY PER CAPITA HOUSEHOLD INCOME QUINTILE, BY SEX AND AGE GROUPS, 2004 a<br />

(En porcentaje <strong>de</strong> la población <strong>de</strong> la misma edad / Percentage of the population of the same age)<br />

Quintil 1 b / Quintile 1 b Quintil 3 b / Quintile 3 b Quintil 5 b / Quintile 5 b<br />

País / Country Sexo / Sex Grupos <strong>de</strong> edad / Age groups<br />

7-12 13-19 20-24 7-12 13-19 20-24 7-12 13-19 20-24<br />

Argentina c Ambos sexos / Both sexes 98.7 73.9 22.9 99.4 81.5 41.3 99.4 88.8 60.7<br />

Hombres / Men 98.7 73.9 22.9 99.4 81.5 41.3 99.4 88.8 60.7<br />

Mujeres / Women 98.7 73.9 22.9 99.4 81.5 41.3 99.4 88.8 60.7<br />

Bolivia Ambos sexos / Both sexes 95.6 84.2 32.9 98.3 78.4 37.8 98.3 88.2 74.3<br />

Hombres / Men 94.6 84.8 33.5 99.0 77.4 39.1 97.3 89.8 75.3<br />

Mujeres / Women 96.9 83.6 32.5 97.5 79.2 36.5 99.5 86.5 73.4<br />

Brasil / Brazil Ambos sexos / Both sexes 96.8 74.5 19.5 99.4 77.9 23.2 99.7 90.5 55.3<br />

Hombres / Men 96.4 75.7 19.8 99.3 77.1 23.3 99.6 90.1 53.9<br />

Mujeres / Women 97.2 73.3 19.2 99.5 78.8 23.0 99.8 90.9 56.6<br />

Chile Ambos sexos / Both sexes 99.2 81.4 18.9 99.8 84.1 31.4 99.6 94.1 67.8<br />

Hombres / Men 99.0 82.9 16.8 99.7 83.1 32.8 99.3 93.7 69.1<br />

Mujeres / Women 99.3 79.7 20.5 100.0 85.1 29.9 99.8 94.5 66.3<br />

Colombia Ambos sexos / Both sexes 94.0 64.3 13.1 97.5 65.4 18.7 99.4 85.0 52.7<br />

Hombres / Men 93.5 65.5 15.1 97.2 65.4 18.6 99.6 84.3 53.6<br />

Mujeres / Women 94.5 63.2 11.6 97.9 65.4 18.7 99.2 85.7 51.8<br />

Costa Rica Ambos sexos / Both sexes 97.2 72.9 29.7 99.6 74.3 37.1 99.4 90.2 60.6<br />

Hombres / Men 97.4 74.7 27.0 100.0 71.2 32.6 100.0 87.1 56.5<br />

Mujeres / Women 97.1 71.2 32.3 99.1 77.2 42.5 98.7 93.8 65.7<br />

Ecuador Ambos sexos / Both sexes 92.6 68.1 17.1 98.9 74.7 31.0 98.6 87.3 50.4<br />

Hombres / Men 93.5 68.0 18.3 98.9 71.1 30.3 99.1 87.1 48.9<br />

Mujeres / Women 91.7 68.1 16.2 98.8 78.5 31.6 98.2 87.7 52.3<br />

El Salvador Ambos sexos / Both sexes 85.9 66.0 11.3 95.4 75.7 20.7 100.0 87.0 49.5<br />

Hombres / Men 85.5 66.2 11.9 94.9 77.5 21.0 100.0 86.3 44.8<br />

Mujeres / Women 86.4 65.8 10.9 95.9 73.9 20.5 100.0 87.5 54.9<br />

Guatemala Ambos sexos / Both sexes 84.2 63.3 11.1 88.8 68.2 21.1 94.3 78.3 43.9<br />

Hombres / Men 85.8 70.2 15.4 89.4 69.7 20.8 93.2 76.7 44.9<br />

Mujeres / Women 82.4 58.1 8.1 88.0 66.8 21.3 95.3 80.0 42.9<br />

Honduras Ambos sexos / Both sexes 86.2 50.0 9.8 93.8 61.9 22.6 98.1 85.8 51.1<br />

Hombres / Men 85.0 47.4 5.9 94.2 60.6 19.5 98.1 85.7 49.4<br />

Mujeres / Women 87.5 52.3 12.5 93.2 63.2 25.3 98.1 85.9 52.7<br />

México / Mexico Ambos sexos / Both sexes 97.1 62.2 12.3 99.7 69.0 26.3 100.0 86.2 50.2<br />

Hombres / Men 96.5 62.7 12.4 99.4 67.5 26.5 100.0 90.7 54.3<br />

Mujeres / Women 97.6 61.6 12.2 99.9 70.5 26.0 100.0 81.6 46.4<br />

Nicaragua Ambos sexos / Both sexes 88.1 61.5 15.4 97.1 72.3 31.0 96.3 79.2 52.1<br />

Hombres / Men 87.5 58.3 14.6 95.6 72.3 30.7 99.1 74.2 47.5<br />

Mujeres / Women 88.7 65.1 16.2 98.7 72.4 31.2 93.8 83.2 56.8<br />

Panamá / Panama Ambos sexos / Both sexes 98.4 78.0 22.6 98.7 81.5 36.6 99.3 89.1 55.0<br />

Hombres / Men 98.3 78.2 19.6 97.9 77.2 27.2 99.3 89.7 53.4<br />

Mujeres / Women 98.4 77.7 25.0 99.6 86.6 46.8 99.3 88.2 57.2<br />

Paraguay Ambos sexos / Both sexes 97.4 63.8 13.7 98.4 72.4 25.2 99.9 86.8 61.5<br />

Hombres / Men 96.5 64.7 17.4 97.4 70.2 18.9 99.8 81.1 50.5<br />

Mujeres / Women 98.3 62.9 10.1 99.2 74.7 28.8 100.0 93.0 73.0<br />

Perú / Peru Ambos sexos / Both sexes 97.6 74.3 24.4 99.3 71.1 32.0 100.0 77.0 61.0<br />

Hombres / Men 96.9 76.9 23.6 98.6 69.3 30.1 100.0 73.8 72.6<br />

Mujeres / Women 98.4 72.0 25.0 100.0 73.4 34.1 100.0 81.9 49.6<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic Ambos sexos / Both sexes 95.9 83.3 34.4 98.3 82.5 44.8 99.2 89.3 60.5<br />

Hombres / Men 93.0 84.0 27.4 97.3 79.1 35.1 98.5 89.5 58.1<br />

Mujeres / Women 98.6 82.7 40.2 99.4 85.9 54.3 100.0 89.2 63.4<br />

Uruguay Ambos sexos / Both sexes 98.2 64.2 12.7 98.7 86.3 40.7 98.8 94.9 73.0<br />

Hombres / Men 97.7 59.6 9.5 99.4 82.4 35.9 98.0 94.5 69.4<br />

Mujeres / Women 98.7 68.5 15.5 97.9 90.5 45.9 99.6 95.3 76.7<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) d Ambos sexos / Both sexes 94.6 62.7 20.8 97.5 66.8 29.7 98.6 77.8 54.7<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) d Hombres / Men 94.0 61.2 17.9 96.9 64.9 24.2 98.4 75.5 50.4<br />

Mujeres / Women 95.2 64.2 23.6 98.2 68.9 35.7 98.9 80.3 59.9<br />

a Data refers to years nearest to 2004.<br />

b Household income is classifi ed by quintile, based on per capita income. Quintile 1<br />

is composed of the poorest households; quintile 5 corresponds to the richest.<br />

c Twenty-eight urban agglomerations.<br />

a Los datos se refi eren al año más cercano al 2004.<br />

b El ingreso <strong>de</strong> los hogares está or<strong>de</strong>nado por quintiles según su ingreso per cápita. El<br />

quintil 1 correspon<strong>de</strong> a los hogares más pobres y <strong>el</strong> quintil 5 a los hogares más ricos.<br />

c Veintiocho aglomerados urbanos.<br />

d National.<br />

d Nacional.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 63<br />

1.3 EDUCACIÓN / EDUCATION<br />

1.3.7 PROMEDIO DE ALUMNOS POR MAESTRO EN EL PRIMER NIVEL DE ENSEÑANZA<br />

AVERAGE NUMBER OF PUPILS PER TEACHER, IN FIRST-LEVEL EDUCATION<br />

(Número <strong>de</strong> alumnos por maestro / Number of pupils per teacher)<br />

País / Country 1990 1995 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002<br />

Anguila / Anguilla ... ... 22 20 19 17 16<br />

Antigua y Barbuda / Antigua and Barbuda ... ... ... 19 ... ... ...<br />

Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas / Netherlands Antilles ... ... 20 18 18 20 20 a<br />

Argentina ... 18 21 22 20 18 17<br />

Aruba ... ... 19 19 19 19 18<br />

Bahamas ... 22 ... ... ... 17 17 a<br />

Barbados 18 ... 20 a 17 a 17 a 16 a 16 a<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice / B<strong>el</strong>ize 26 ... 24 a 23 23 24 a 21<br />

Bolivia 25 26 .. 25 a 24 a 24 a 24 a<br />

Brasil / Brazil 23 24 ... 26 25 23 25 a<br />

Chile 29 27 33 32 32 ... 33<br />

Colombia 30 25 23 24 27 26 27<br />

Costa Rica 32 31 28 27 25 24 23<br />

Cuba 13 12 12 12 11 14 11<br />

Dominica 29 ... 20 20 21 19 19<br />

Ecuador 30 29 27 23 23 25 24<br />

El Salvador ... 28 ... ... ... ... ...<br />

Granada / Grenada ... ... ... ... 21 22 a 19<br />

Guatemala ... 34 36 b 38 33 30 30<br />

Guyana 30 30 27 26 26 26 a 27 a<br />

Haití / Haiti 29 ... ... ... ... ... ...<br />

Honduras ... ... ... ... 34 34 a ...<br />

Islas Vírgenes Británicas / British Virgin Islands 19 ... 18 17 17 17 14<br />

Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos / United States Virgin Islands 14 ... ... ... ... ... ...<br />

Jamaica 34 33 ... 34 a 34 34 30<br />

México / Mexico 31 28 27 27 27 27 27<br />

Montserrat ... ... 21 17 21 20 19 a<br />

Nicaragua 33 38 37 34 36 37 35<br />

Panamá / Panama 23 ... 26 a 26 25 24 24<br />

Paraguay 25 21 19 a ... ... ... 27<br />

Perú / Peru 29 28 25 ... 29 29 25<br />

Puerto Rico ... ... ... ... ... ... ...<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic 45 ... 39 a 39 a 39 a 39 a ...<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis / Saint Kitts and Nevis 22 ... ... 19 19 17 a 17<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas / Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 20 ... ... 20 a 19 a 17 a 18 a<br />

Santa Lucía / Saint Lucia 29 27 22 23 24 24 22<br />

Suriname 22 ... ... ... 20 a 20 20 a<br />

Trinidad y Tabago / Trinidad and Tobago 26 25 21 21 20 18 a 19<br />

Uruguay 22 20 21 20 21 21 21<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) / Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) 23 ... ... ... ... ... ...<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe c / Latin America and the Caribbean c 27 ... ... 26 26 ... ...<br />

a Estimate of the UNESCO Institute for Statistics.<br />

b National estimate.<br />

c Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 41 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bermuda,<br />

Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia, Costa<br />

Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras,<br />

Jamaica, Mexico, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, and Uruguay.<br />

a Estimación <strong>de</strong>l Instituto <strong>de</strong> Estadística <strong>de</strong> UNESCO.<br />

b Estimación nacional.<br />

c Incluye 41 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados,<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bermuda, Bolivia, Brasil, Islas Caimán, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Turcas y Caicos, Chile, Colombia,<br />

Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México,<br />

Montserrat, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint<br />

Kitts y Nevis, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y las Granadinas, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.


64 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.3 EDUCACIÓN / EDUCATION<br />

1.3.8 PROMEDIO DE ALUMNOS POR MAESTRO EN EL SEGUNDO NIVEL DE ENSEÑANZA<br />

AVERAGE NUMBER OF PUPILS PER TEACHER, IN SECOND-LEVEL EDUCATION<br />

(Número <strong>de</strong> alumnos por maestro / Number of pupils per teacher)<br />

País / Country 1990 1995 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002<br />

Anguila / Anguilla ... ... 16 a 17 a 15 a 14 a 14 a<br />

Antigua y Barbuda / Antigua and Barbuda ... ... ... 13 ... ... ...<br />

Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas / Netherlands Antilles ... ... 15 13 a 13 a 13 a 13 a<br />

Argentina ... 10 14 ... 12 ... 17<br />

Aruba ... ... 16 a 16 a 15 a 15 a 15<br />

Bahamas ... 16 ... ... ... 15 15 a<br />

Barbados ... ... 18 17 17 16 15<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice / B<strong>el</strong>ize 14 ... 24 a 23 23 24 a 23 a<br />

Bolivia 18 ... ... 21 a 22 a 26 a 24 a<br />

Brasil / Brazil 14 ... ... 23 22 19 19<br />

Chile ... 13 ... 29 29 ... 33<br />

Colombia 20 21 19 a 19 a 19 a 19 a 21<br />

Costa Rica 19 19 19 18 a 19 a ... 19<br />

Cuba 10 10 11 12 11 12 12<br />

Dominica 13 ... 22 a 25 a 22 a 17 17<br />

Ecuador 13 ... 17 a 12 a 12 a 14 13 b<br />

El Salvador ... 20 ... ... ... ... ...<br />

Granada / Grenada 27 ... ... ... ... 21 a 20 a<br />

Guatemala ... 16 15 b 13 14 14 14<br />

Guyana 44 29 19 a 18 a 19 a 20 a 20 a<br />

Haití / Haiti 19 ... ... ... ... ... ...<br />

Islas Vírgenes Británicas / British Virgin Islands 12 ... 10 a 10 a 10 a 10 10<br />

Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos / United States Virgin Islands 18 ... ... ... ... ... ...<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... 19 a ... 19 a 20<br />

México / Mexico 17 16 ... ... 17 17 17<br />

Montserrat 13 ... 11 a 11 a 13 a 9 a 9 a<br />

Nicaragua 35 34 37 a 31 a 32 b 33 b 34 b<br />

Panamá / Panama 20 18 16 a 16 16 16 16<br />

Paraguay ... ... ... ... ... 13 12<br />

Perú / Peru 20 19 17 a ... 21 a ... 19<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic ... ... 28 27 28 31 ...<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis / Saint Kitts and Nevis 15 ... ... 14 a ... 11 a 10 a<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas / Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 25 ... ... 24 a 25 a 23 a 22 a<br />

Santa Lucía / Saint Lucia 19 19 18 a 18 a 19 a 18 a 16 a<br />

Suriname 14 ... ... ... 15 a 15 15 a<br />

Trinidad y Tabago / Trinidad and Tobago 20 21 22 a 21 a 19 a 19 a 19<br />

Uruguay ... ... ... ... 15 14 18 a<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) / Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) 9 ... ... ... ... ... ...<br />

a Estimate of the UNESCO Institute for Statistics.<br />

b National estimate.<br />

a Estimación <strong>de</strong>l Instituto <strong>de</strong> Estadística <strong>de</strong> UNESCO.<br />

b Estimación nacional.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 65<br />

1.3 EDUCACIÓN / EDUCATION<br />

1.3.9 GASTO PÚBLICO EN EDUCACIÓN<br />

PUBLIC EXPENDITURE ON EDUCATION<br />

(Porcentaje <strong>de</strong>l producto nacional bruto / Percentage of the gross national product)<br />

País 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... 3.5 ... ... 4.0 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 1.1 3.3 3.5 ... 4.1 4.6 4.7 a 5.0 4.3 Argentina<br />

Aruba 5.0 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Aruba<br />

Bahamas 4.3 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

Barbados 7.9 ... ... ... 5.3 5.8 7.4 7.3 7.9 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 4.8 5.3 5.0 ... 5.7 a 5.3 6.2 6.1 a 5.7 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 2.5 5.9 4.9 ... 5.6 5.8 5.6 6.1 6.5 Bolivia<br />

Brasil ... 5.1 ... ... 5.3 ... 4.4 4.4 ... Brazil<br />

Chile 2.7 3.1 3.4 3.6 3.8 3.9 4.1 ... 4.4 Chile<br />

Colombia 2.6 4.0 4.4 ... 4.0 4.5 4.4 4.6 5.4 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 4.6 4.6 5.4 ... ... 5.5 4.8 4.9 5.2 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 6.6 6.8 6.7 ... 6.8 7.7 8.7 ... ... Cuba<br />

Ecuador 3.1 3.4 3.5 ... 2.7 2.0 1.5 1.1 a ... Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.4 a 2.6 2.5 a 2.9 El Salvador<br />

Granada 5.4 4.6 4.7 ... ... ... ... ... 5.7 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 1.4 1.7 1.7 ... 1.4 1.6 1.7 ... ... Guatemala<br />

Guyana 4.8 4.3 5.0 ... 9.5 a 9.3 a 9.2 a 9.1 a 9.1 Guyana<br />

Haití 1.5 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras ... 3.6 ... ... 4.2 a ... ... ... ... Honduras<br />

Jamaica 5.4 6.4 7.5 ... ... 6.0 6.4 6.4 5.3 Jamaica<br />

México 3.7 4.9 ... ... 4.3 4.5 ... 5.3 5.4 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 3.4 3.7 3.6 3.9 3.0 4.0 4.1 3.9 a 3.2 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 4.9 5.2 5.3 5.1 5.3 a 5.1 5.3 4.6 4.6 Panama<br />

Paraguay 1.1 3.4 3.9 4.0 4.5 4.8 4.9 4.7 4.4 Paraguay<br />

Perú 2.3 ... 2.9 ... 3.3 3.5 ... 3.0 3.1 Peru<br />

República Dominicana ... 1.9 2.0 2.3 2.6 a ... ... 2.4 2.4 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 2.8 3.7 3.8 ... 6.0 5.6 a 7.0 8.6 3.7 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 6.7 ... ... ... 4.9 7.2 a 9.9 10.0 a 10.5 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... 8.1 7.9 a 8.0 a 8.3 a 8.2 a Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 8.3 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 4.0 ... 3.6 ... 3.5 3.9 4.1 a 4.4 4.6 a Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 3.1 2.8 3.3 ... 2.6 2.8 2.8 3.2 2.6 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 3.1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

a a Estimación <strong>de</strong>l Instituto <strong>de</strong> Estadística <strong>de</strong> UNESCO.<br />

Estimate of the UNESCO Institute for Statistics.


66 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.4 SALUD / HEALTH<br />

1.4.1 INDICADORES SELECCIONADOS DE SALUD<br />

SELECTED HEALTH INDICATORS<br />

Tasa <strong>de</strong> mortalidad Población por <strong>de</strong>bajo<br />

materna a Partos atendidos Tasa <strong>de</strong> mortalidad Malnutrición infantil b Niños <strong>de</strong> 1 año <strong>de</strong>l niv<strong>el</strong> mínimo <strong>de</strong> Disponibilidad <strong>de</strong><br />

(por 100 000 por personal en menores <strong>de</strong> 5 años b (% <strong>de</strong> menores <strong>de</strong> 5 años) vacunados contra consumo <strong>de</strong> energía energía alimentaria<br />

nacidos vivos) califi cado (%) (por 1 000 nacidos vivos) Child malnutrition b <strong>el</strong> sarampión (%) alimentaria (%) c (Kcal/día por persona) d<br />

País Maternal mortality rate a Births atten<strong>de</strong>d Un<strong>de</strong>r 5 mortality rate b (% of children un<strong>de</strong>r 5) One-year-old children Population b<strong>el</strong>ow Dietary energy supply Country<br />

(per 100 000 by trained (per 1 000 live births) Bajo peso para la edad Baja talla para la edad immunized against minimum lev<strong>el</strong> of (Kcal/day per person) d<br />

live births) personn<strong>el</strong> (%) Un<strong>de</strong>r weight for age Un<strong>de</strong>r height for age measles (%) dietary energy<br />

consumption (%) c<br />

2000 2003 d 2003 2003 d 2003 2000-2002 2000-2002<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... 100 12 10 7 99 24 2 340 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas 20 ... ... ... ... … 13 2 560 Netherlands Antilles<br />

Argentina 70 99 20 5 12 97 2 3 070 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 60 99 14 ... ... 90 6 2 750 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 95 91 13 6 7 90 2 3 060 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 140 83 39 6 ... 96 4 2 840 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 420 65 66 8 27 64 21 2 250 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 260 88 35 6 11 99 9 3 010 Brazil<br />

Chile 30 100 9 1 2 99 4 2 850 Chile<br />

Colombia 130 86 21 7 14 92 13 2 580 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 25 98 10 5 6 89 4 2 860 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 33 100 8 4 5 99 3 3 000 Cuba<br />

Dominica ... 100 14 5 6 99 8 2 750 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 130 69 27 12 26 99 4 2 740 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 150 69 36 10 19 99 11 2 550 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... 99 23 ... ... 99 8 2 870 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 240 41 47 23 49 75 24 2 190 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 170 86 69 14 11 89 9 2 710 Guyana<br />

Haití 680 24 118 17 23 53 47 2 080 Haiti<br />

Honduras 110 56 41 17 29 95 22 2 350 Honduras<br />

Islas Vírgenes British Virgin<br />

Británicas ... 100 … ... ... 95 … ... Islands<br />

Jamaica 87 95 20 4 5 78 10 2 680 Jamaica<br />

México 83 86 28 8 18 96 5 3 160 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 230 67 38 10 20 93 27 2 280 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 160 90 24 7 14 83 26 2 240 Panama<br />

Paraguay 170 71 29 5 11 91 14 2 560 Paraguay<br />

Perú 410 59 34 7 25 95 13 2 550 Peru<br />

Puerto Rico 25 ... ... ... ... … … ... Puerto Rico<br />

Rep. Dominicana 150 99 35 5 9 79 25 2 320 Dominican Rep.<br />

Saint Kitts Saint Kitts<br />

y Nevis ... 99 22 ... ... 98 12 2 640 and Nevis<br />

San Vicente Saint Vincent and<br />

y las Granadinas ... 100 27 ... ... 94 13 2 530 the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... 100 18 14 11 90 5 2 940 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 110 85 39 13 10 74 11 2 630 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 110 96 20 7 5 88 12 2 740 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 20 100 14 5 8 95 4 2 830 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a Venezu<strong>el</strong>a<br />

(Rep. Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 78 94 21 4 13 82 17 2 350 (Bolivarian Rep. of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> Latin America<br />

y <strong>el</strong> Caribe e 190 82 32 7 16 93 10 ... and the Caribbean e<br />

a Adjusted estimate by UNICEF, WHO and UNFPA.<br />

b UNICEF estimates.<br />

c FAO estimates.<br />

d Data correspond to the most recent available year.<br />

a Estimación ajustada por UNICEF, OMS y UNFPA.<br />

b Estimaciones calculadas por UNICEF.<br />

c Estimaciones calculadas por FAO.<br />

d Los datos correspon<strong>de</strong>n al año más reciente disponible.<br />

e Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 33 economies.<br />

e Incluye 33 economías.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 67<br />

1.4 SALUD / HEALTH<br />

1.4.2 TASA DE MORTALIDAD INFANTIL, POR QUINQUENIOS, POR SEXO a<br />

INFANT MORTALITY RATE, BY SEX, BY FIVE-YEAR PERIODS a<br />

(Por cada mil nacidos vivos / Per thousand live births)<br />

1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010<br />

País Ambos sexos Hombres Mujeres Ambos sexos Hombres Mujeres Ambos sexos Hombres Mujeres Ambos sexos Hombres Mujeres Country<br />

Both sexes Men Women Both sexes Men Women Both sexes Men Women Both sexes Men Women<br />

Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas 16.3 20.7 11.7 14.2 17.4 10.8 13.2 16.2 10.1 11.7 14.0 9.3 Netherlands Antilles<br />

Argentina 24.4 27.0 21.6 21.8 24.2 19.4 15.0 17.0 13.0 13.4 15.0 11.8 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 19.3 22.8 15.5 16.4 19.2 13.5 13.8 15.8 11.6 11.4 12.9 9.8 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 14.0 16.4 11.4 12.4 14.2 10.5 10.8 11.9 9.7 9.7 10.4 9.0 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 34.4 34.7 34.1 32.8 33.2 32.3 30.5 31.7 29.4 28.6 29.8 27.3 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 75.1 79.2 70.8 66.7 70.3 62.8 55.6 60.0 51.0 45.6 50.0 41.0 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 42.5 48.3 36.5 34.1 38.6 29.4 27.3 31.0 23.5 23.6 27.0 20.0 Brazil<br />

Chile 14.1 15.3 12.9 11.5 12.6 10.3 8.0 9.0 7.0 7.2 8.1 6.3 Chile<br />

Colombia 35.2 39.5 30.6 30.0 34.0 25.8 25.6 29.2 21.8 22.0 25.3 18.6 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 14.5 16.4 12.6 11.8 13.3 10.3 10.5 11.8 9.1 9.9 11.2 8.5 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 10.0 11.7 8.3 7.5 9.2 5.8 7.3 9.0 5.4 7.0 8.8 5.0 Cuba<br />

Ecuador 44.2 49.6 38.6 33.3 37.4 28.9 24.9 28.8 20.8 21.1 24.0 18.0 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 40.2 43.9 36.3 32.0 34.9 29.0 26.4 28.6 24.1 21.5 23.2 19.8 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 54.8 59.6 49.8 45.5 50.7 40.1 38.6 44.0 33.0 30.1 35.0 25.0 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 61.9 71.6 51.7 56.1 65.1 46.7 49.1 56.9 41.0 43.2 50.0 36.1 Guyana<br />

Haití 74.1 78.0 70.0 66.1 70.0 62.0 59.1 63.0 55.0 54.1 58.0 50.0 Haiti<br />

Honduras 43.0 48.2 37.6 35.0 39.7 30.2 31.2 35.5 26.7 27.8 31.8 23.6 Honduras<br />

Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> United States<br />

los Estados Unidos 13.9 15.7 11.9 11.2 12.5 9.9 9.5 10.4 8.5 8.6 9.4 7.8 Virgin Islands<br />

Jamaica 16.8 17.9 15.6 15.7 16.8 14.5 14.9 16.0 13.8 14.1 15.1 13.1 Jamaica<br />

México 34.0 36.2 31.6 31.0 33.0 28.9 28.2 30.0 26.3 25.7 27.3 23.9 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 48.0 53.8 41.9 35.0 39.5 30.2 30.1 33.8 26.2 26.1 29.3 22.8 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 27.0 31.1 22.7 23.7 27.6 19.7 20.6 24.1 17.0 18.2 21.2 15.0 Panama<br />

Paraguay 43.3 48.6 37.8 39.2 43.8 34.4 37.0 41.9 31.8 34.0 38.7 29.0 Paraguay<br />

Perú 55.5 61.8 48.8 42.1 50.1 39.6 33.4 41.7 32.9 28.7 35.1 27.7 Peru<br />

Puerto Rico 11.6 12.9 10.3 11.0 12.1 9.8 9.9 10.7 9.0 9.1 9.7 8.5 Puerto Rico<br />

Rep. Dominicana 46.6 53.5 39.4 40.0 46.0 33.7 34.4 39.6 28.9 29.4 34.0 24.7 Dominican Rep.<br />

San Vicente y Saint Vincent and<br />

las Granadinas 30.0 36.9 22.8 28.2 35.1 21.2 25.6 32.3 18.7 22.3 28.5 15.9 the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 16.8 19.8 13.6 16.7 18.8 14.4 14.9 16.5 13.2 13.5 14.9 12.1 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 33.5 38.8 27.9 29.5 34.7 23.9 25.6 30.6 20.3 22.4 27.1 17.4 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 16.6 20.6 12.4 15.0 18.1 11.8 13.7 16.0 11.3 12.5 14.2 10.7 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 20.1 22.5 17.5 17.5 20.5 14.4 13.1 15.5 10.5 12.0 14.1 9.8 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a Venezu<strong>el</strong>a<br />

(Rep. Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 23.1 25.9 20.3 20.7 22.8 18.5 17.5 19.0 16.0 15.8 17.0 14.5 (Bolivarian Rep. of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y Latin America and<br />

<strong>el</strong> Caribe b 38.7 42.9 34.2 32.1 35.8 28.3 26.0 29.2 22.7 22.4 25.3 19.4 the Caribbean b<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> c 39.2 43.4 34.7 33.0 36.8 29.4 27.7 31.1 24.6 24.2 27.2 21.3 Latin America c<br />

Caribe d 41.7 45.5 37.7 37.3 40.8 33.6 33.5 36.6 30.2 30.7 33.5 27.7 Caribbean d<br />

a Deaths of children less than 1 year old per thousand live births.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 46 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, British Virgin Islands,<br />

Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican<br />

Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Falklands Islands (Malvinas), French Guiana, Grenada, Guadaloupe, Guatemala, Guyana,<br />

Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto<br />

Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos<br />

Islands, United States Virgin Islands and Uruguay.<br />

c Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 20 economies: Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican<br />

Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

d Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 24 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands,<br />

Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guadaloupe, Haiti, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles,<br />

Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos<br />

Islands, and United States Virgin Islands.<br />

a Defunciones <strong>de</strong> niños menores <strong>de</strong> 1 año <strong>de</strong> edad por cada mil niños nacidos vivos.<br />

b Incluye 46 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice,<br />

Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guadalupe, Guatemala,<br />

Guyana, Guyana Francesa, Haití, Honduras, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Caimán, Islas Malvinas (Falklands), Islas Turcas<br />

y Caicos, Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos, Jamaica, Martinica, México, Montserrat, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú,<br />

Puerto Rico, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y Las<br />

Granadinas, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

c Incluye 20 economías: Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití,<br />

Honduras, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

d Incluye 24 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba, Dominica,<br />

Granada, Guadalupe, Haití, Islas Caimán, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos, Islas Turcas y<br />

Caicos, Jamaica, Martinica, Montserrat, Puerto Rico, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y<br />

las Granadinas y Trinidad y Tabago.


68 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.4 SALUD / HEALTH<br />

1.4.3 PROMEDIO DE HABITANTES POR MÉDICO<br />

AVERAGE NUMBER OF INHABITANTS PER PHYSICIAN<br />

(Número <strong>de</strong> habitantes / Number of inhabitants)<br />

País / Country 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas / Netherlands Antilles ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 528 ... ... ...<br />

Argentina ... ... ... ... 331 ... ... 307 a ... ... ...<br />

Aruba ... ... ... ... 1 031 998 743 749 732 722 712<br />

Bahamas 689 ... ... ... 614 615 599 585 454 437 ...<br />

Barbados 875 ... ... ... 888 799 819 635 ... ... ...<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice / B<strong>el</strong>ize 2 019 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 638 ...<br />

Bolivia ... 3 720 ... 3 227 3 139 3 075 b 3 092 b 3 009 b 4 796 b c 3 588 b 2 806 b<br />

Brasil d / Brazil d ... ... ... ... ... 406 ... ... 386 ... ...<br />

Chile 2 166 e 1 512 e 1 862 e 1 879 e 860 e f 852 e f 844 e f 840 e f 823 e f 784 f 777<br />

Colombia 1 137 1 025 1 008 992 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...<br />

Costa Rica 1 221 1 221 1 213 1 210 1 179 1 153 1 178 1 163 1 124 1 082 1 037<br />

Cuba 275 193 183 177 175 172 170 169 168 166 ...<br />

Dominica 2 771 2 503 2 444 ... 3 498 3 520 3 537 3 394 1 564 1 566 ...<br />

Ecuador d 1 050 749 g 753 g 742 g 720 g 710 g 671 g 626 g ... ... ...<br />

El Salvador 2 374 2 487 e ... 2 455 2 227 1 741 1 016 1 064 1 163 1 660 2 242<br />

Granada / Grenada ... ... ... ... 1 231 1 235 1 239 1 241 1 242 1 243 1 247<br />

Guatemala ... ... ... ... ... ... 6 584 h 7 095 h 4 747 i 4 035 i 4 157 i<br />

Haití / Haiti 6 036 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...<br />

Honduras ... ... ... ... 4 080 3 616 4 590 3 865 ... ... ...<br />

Jamaica 6 284 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 3 577 j 3 624 j 3 754 j<br />

México / Mexico 926 643 640 639 639 596 858 k 854 k 860 k 862 k 811 k<br />

Nicaragua 1 890 1 303 1 344 1 290 1 360 1 967 2 455 2 447 2 499 2 537 ...<br />

Panamá / Panama 877 836 808 810 816 790 776 750 728 725 l 734 l<br />

Paraguay 1 490 1 294 1 258 1 222 1 187 1 153 1 119 m 1 977 j 1 918 j 2 583 j n 1 756 j<br />

Perú / Peru ... ... 982 ... 893 880 866 d ... 711 d ... 668 d<br />

Puerto Rico ... ... ... ... 633 638 642 646 ... ... ...<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic 2 036 1 155 990 984 998 ... ... 711 693 731 743<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis / Saint Kitts and Nevis ... ... ... ... 874 875 879 832 ... ... ...<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas<br />

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines ... ... ... ... 1 290 1 498 1 567 1 554 1 562 1 636 1 462<br />

Santa Lucía / Saint Lucia 2 295 1 803 1 717 1 862 2 534 1 666 1 679 1 692 1 706 ... ...<br />

Suriname 1 214 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...<br />

Trinidad y Tabago / Trinidad and Tobago 1 515 ... 1 323 ... ... 1 093 1 008 1 045 1 227 1 309 l ...<br />

Uruguay 343 281 274 273 271 268 270 o 261 o 260 o 259 o 260 o<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>)<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) 576 495 ... 561 576 p 679 p 682 p 695 p 703 p 722 p ...<br />

a Estimate ma<strong>de</strong> by the Observatory of Human Resources in Health (PAHO/WHO).<br />

b Data of the public subsector, source SNIS.<br />

c Pr<strong>el</strong>iminary information. Missing information for three <strong>de</strong>partments.<br />

d Physicians working in health institutions.<br />

e Ministry of Health only.<br />

f Professional sanitary personn<strong>el</strong>.<br />

g Inclu<strong>de</strong>s part-time physicians and physicians on call.<br />

h Information of the Guatemalan Social Security Institute only.<br />

i Corresponds to information of the private sector, Ministry of Health and Guatemalan Social Security Institute.<br />

a Estimación realizada por <strong>el</strong> Observatorio <strong>de</strong> Recursos Humanos en Salud (OPS/OMS) .<br />

b Datos <strong>de</strong>l subsector público, Fuente SNIS.<br />

c La información es pr<strong>el</strong>iminar y faltan tres <strong>de</strong>partamentos.<br />

d Médicos que trabajan en establecimientos <strong>de</strong> salud.<br />

e Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Salud solamente.<br />

f Colegiados.<br />

g Incluye médicos a tiempo parcial y <strong>de</strong> llamada.<br />

h Sólo información <strong>de</strong>l Instituto Guatemalteco <strong>de</strong> Seguridad Social.<br />

i Correspon<strong>de</strong> a información <strong>de</strong>l sector privado, Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Salud Pública e Instituto Guatemalteco <strong>de</strong> Seguridad Social.<br />

j Only public sector.<br />

k Only physicians in contact with patients.<br />

l Pr<strong>el</strong>iminary fi gures.<br />

m Projection of the National Census of Human Resources in Health 1985.<br />

n Census of the Ministry of Health and Social W<strong>el</strong>fare 2003.<br />

o Retirement’s fund and professional university stu<strong>de</strong>nts funds.<br />

p Corresponds to support staff and staff un<strong>de</strong>r contract.<br />

j Sólo sector público.<br />

k Sólo médicos en contacto con pacientes.<br />

l Cifras pr<strong>el</strong>iminares.<br />

m Proyección <strong>de</strong>l Censo Nacional <strong>de</strong> Recursos Humanos para la Salud 1985.<br />

n Censo <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Salud Pública y Bienestar Social 2003.<br />

o Caja <strong>de</strong> jubilaciones y pensiones <strong>de</strong> profesionales universitarios.<br />

p Correspon<strong>de</strong> a personal asistencial y contratado.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 69<br />

1.4 SALUD / HEALTH<br />

1.4.4 CAMAS DE HOSPITAL POR CADA 1.000 HABITANTES<br />

HOSPITAL BEDS PER 1,000 INHABITANTS<br />

(Número <strong>de</strong> camas / Number of beds)<br />

País / Country 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

Antigua y Barbuda / Antigua and Barbuda 4.8 4.0 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...<br />

Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas / Netherlands Antilles 8.4 ... ... ... ... ... ... 7.6 ... ... ...<br />

Argentina a 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0<br />

Aruba ... ... ... ... 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.1<br />

Bahamas 3.9 ... ... ... 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 ... ...<br />

Barbados 8.1 ... ... ... 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 ... ...<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice / B<strong>el</strong>ize 3.1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...<br />

Bolivia 1.4 b 1.5 b 1.4 b 1.4 b 1.4 b 1.4 c 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5<br />

Brasil / Brazil 3.7 3.1 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.8 ... ... 2.6 ... ...<br />

Chile 2.5 d 2.2 d 2.1 d 2.1 d 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.4<br />

Colombia d 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...<br />

Costa Rica e 2.1 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4<br />

Cuba f 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.3 6.9 6.5 6.3 6.2 6.2 ...<br />

Dominica 2.7 2.6 2.9 ... 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.1 ...<br />

Ecuador 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 ... ... ...<br />

El Salvador 1.1 g 0.9 g 0.8 g 0.8 h 0.8 h 0.8 h 0.8 h 0.7 h 0.7 h 0.7 h 0.7 h<br />

Granada / Grenada ... ... ... ... 2.0 3.7 3.6 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9<br />

Guatemala ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 ...<br />

Honduras 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 ... ... ...<br />

Jamaica 2.2 ... ... ... ... 1.9 1.4 i 1.4 i 1.5 i 1.4 i ...<br />

México / Mexico 0.8 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 j 1.1 j 0.8 k 0.8 k 0.7 k 0.7 k 0.7 k<br />

Nicaragua 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 ...<br />

Panamá / Panama 3.0 l 2.7 l 2.7 l 2.6 l 2.6 l 2.6 l 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.4 m<br />

Paraguay 1.1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.1 n 1.1 n 1.1 n 1.1 n 1.1 n 1.1 n 1.1 n<br />

Perú / Peru 1.5 ... 1.8 ... 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5<br />

Puerto Rico ... ... ... ... 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 ... ...<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic ... 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.2 ... 1.1 o 1.1 o 1.1 o 1.2 p 1.2 p<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis / Saint Kitts and Nevis 6.6 ... ... ... 3.7 4.9 6.1 4.4 ... ... ...<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas<br />

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines ... ... ... ... 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.6<br />

Santa Lucía / Saint Lucia 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.4 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8 ... ...<br />

Suriname ... 4.0 3.7 3.7 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...<br />

Trinidad y Tabago / Trinidad and Tobago 3.2 ... 4.1 ... ... 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.3 m ...<br />

Uruguay 2.7 g 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.2 ... 1.9 1.8 ... ... 1.8<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>)<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) 2.6 2.4 ... ... ... ... ... 0.8 q ... 0.9 q 0.9 q<br />

a Refers to beds available in medical institutions in the public subsector.<br />

b Refers to the public subsector and social security.<br />

c Inclu<strong>de</strong> basic, general and specialized hospitals (in all subsectors), source SNIS.<br />

d Beds of the Ministry of Health only.<br />

e Average corresponds to the Caja <strong>de</strong> Seguro Social (90%-95% national coverage).<br />

f Inclu<strong>de</strong>s beds provi<strong>de</strong>d for social w<strong>el</strong>fare.<br />

g Inclu<strong>de</strong>s only beds in government establishments.<br />

h Ministry of Health and Social W<strong>el</strong>fare.<br />

i Average bed complement.<br />

j Registered beds. Public sector and private hospitals.<br />

k Existing registered beds.<br />

l Inclu<strong>de</strong>s beds for newborn infants.<br />

m Pr<strong>el</strong>iminary fi gures.<br />

n Does not inclu<strong>de</strong> information on the private sector.<br />

o Does not inclu<strong>de</strong> beds available in the Armed Forces and IDSS hospitals.<br />

p Does not inclu<strong>de</strong> available beds of the hospitals of the Armed Forces.<br />

q Operational beds only.<br />

a Se refi ere al promedio días-cama disponibles en establecimientos asistenciales <strong>de</strong>l Subsector Ofi cial.<br />

b Se refi ere al subsector público y seguridad social.<br />

c Incluye hospital básico, hospital general y hospital especializado (en todos los subsectores), fuente SNIS.<br />

d Sólo camas <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Salud.<br />

e Promedio correspondiente a la Caja <strong>de</strong> Seguro Social (90%-95% cobertura nacional).<br />

f Incluye camas <strong>de</strong> asistencia social.<br />

g Sólo incluye las camas <strong>de</strong> los establecimientos gubernamentales.<br />

h Plazas y sólo para la red <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Salud y Asistencia Social (MSPAS).<br />

i Dotación promedio <strong>de</strong> camas.<br />

j Camas censables. Sector público y unida<strong>de</strong>s médicas privadas <strong>de</strong> hospitalización.<br />

k Camas censables existentes.<br />

l Incluye camas para recién nacidos.<br />

m Cifras pr<strong>el</strong>iminares.<br />

n No incluye información <strong>de</strong>l sector privado.<br />

o No incluye las disponibles en hospitales <strong>de</strong> las FF.AA. y <strong>de</strong>l IDSS.<br />

p No incluye las disponibles en hospitales <strong>de</strong> las FF.AA.<br />

q Sólo camas funcionales.


70 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.4 SALUD / HEALTH<br />

1.4.5 GASTO PÚBLICO EN SALUD a<br />

PUBLIC EXPENDITURE ON HEALTH a<br />

(Porcentaje <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto a precios corrientes / Percentage of gross domestic product at current prices)<br />

País / Country 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

Argentina 4.4 b 4.8 b 4.3 b 4.0 b ... ... 5.0 5.1 4.4 4.3 ...<br />

Aruba ... ... ... ... ... 6.9 7.0 9.0 10.0 9.0 ...<br />

Bahamas 3.0 2.8 ... ... ... ... 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 ...<br />

Bolivia 0.4 b 1.3 b 2.3 b 1.7 b 2.0 b 2.1 b 1.3 c 1.3 c 1.5 c 1.6 c 1.4 c<br />

Brasil / Brazil 2.9 b 3.6 b 3.0 b 3.0 b ... 3.4 b 3.1 b 3.3 b d 3.5 3.5 ...<br />

Chile 2.0 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.8<br />

Colombia 1.3 4.7 5.1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...<br />

Costa Rica 7.2 b 7.1 b 9.8 b 7.3 b 4.8 b 5.4 b 5.6 5.7 6.1 6.1 5.8<br />

Cuba 4.8 5.1 5.2 5.5 5.7 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.3 6.3 ...<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 7.4 7.4 7.5 ...<br />

Ecuador 1.6 1.8 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 ... ... ... ...<br />

El Salvador 1.0 1.3 7.6 8.1 8.3 8.0 8.3 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0<br />

Granada / Grenada 0.9 0.7 0.8 1.0 ... 1.6 2.7 2.2 2.1 2.5 2.1<br />

Guatemala 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.0 ... 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 ... ...<br />

Haití e / Haiti e 1.3 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...<br />

Honduras 2.7 3.1 ... ... ... ... ... ... 2.5 ... ...<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... 1.4 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.1 ...<br />

México / Mexico 2.9 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.5 f 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 3.0<br />

Nicaragua 5.1 4.7 4.4 4.1 3.8 5.4 5.7 5.5 4.3 ... ...<br />

Panamá b / Panama b 1.6 2.0 1.9 2.1 2.1 1.9 1.8 2.4 2.3 ... ...<br />

Paraguay 0.3 b 1.3 b 1.2 b 2.5 3.0 3.3 3.4 2.9 ... ... ...<br />

Perú / Peru 1.0 1.0 ... 1.2 0.9 d 1.6 d 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic 1.0 b ... 1.9 b 1.4 b 1.5 b ... 2.3 2.4 2.4 1.6 1.1<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis / Saint Kitts and Nevis 2.3 3.7 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas<br />

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines ... ... ... ... 4.1 4.5 4.3 4.4 4.7 4.4 ...<br />

Santa Lucía / Saint Lucia 2.7 2.5 2.8 3.5 ... ... 3.2 3.5 3.5 ... ...<br />

Suriname ... 1.3 1.5 0.9 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...<br />

Trinidad y Tabago / Trinidad and Tobago ... ... ... ... ... 1.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0<br />

Uruguay 3.1 3.7 3.8 3.6 ... ... 3.1 3.0 3.0 2.8 ...<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>)<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) 1.5 1.0 0.8 1.4 ... ... 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.7<br />

a Refers to consolidated expenditure of the central government.<br />

b Excluding extrabudgetary expenditure.<br />

c Calculated as public social expenditure of the Central Government divi<strong>de</strong>d by GDP at market prices.<br />

d Inclu<strong>de</strong>s government health expenditures. Does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Social Security (ESSALUD).<br />

e Refers to 1990-1991.<br />

f Inclu<strong>de</strong>s categories 13 and 33 and State contributions (since 1999) to IMSS, ISSSTE and PEMEX.<br />

a Se refi ere a gastos <strong>de</strong>l gobierno central consolidado.<br />

b No incluye gastos extrapresupuestarios.<br />

c Calculado como <strong>el</strong> gasto público en salud <strong>de</strong>l gobierno central sobre <strong>el</strong> PIB a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado.<br />

d Compren<strong>de</strong> los gastos en salud <strong>de</strong> la actividad Gubernamental. No incluye Seguridad Social (ESSALUD).<br />

e Se refi ere al período 1990-1991.<br />

f Incluye los ramos 13 y 33, aportaciones estatales (a partir <strong>de</strong> 1999), al IMSS, al ISSSTE y a PEMEX.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 71<br />

1.5 VIVIENDA Y SERVICIOS BÁSICOS / HOUSING AND BASIC SERVICES<br />

1.5.1 DISPONIBILIDAD DE SERVICIOS EN LAS VIVIENDAS, EN ÁREAS URBANAS Y RURALES<br />

SERVICES AVAILABLE IN DWELLINGS, URBAN AND RURAL AREAS<br />

(Porcentaje <strong>de</strong> hogares / Percentage of households)<br />

Agua por tubería a Sistema <strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong>iminación <strong>de</strong> excretas b Alumbrado <strong>el</strong>éctrico<br />

País / Country Área geográfi ca / Geographical area Piped water a Excreta disposal system b Electric lighting<br />

1990 c 1995 c 2004 c 1990 c 1995 c 2004 c 1990 c 1995 c 2004 c<br />

Argentina Urbana / Urban d 97.3 e 97.8 f 98.6 g ... 58.0 h 61.0 g 99.7 e 99.8 f 99.6 g<br />

Bolivia Nacional / National ... 60.4 64.5 ... 25.3 30.9 ... 65.5 64.0<br />

Urbana / Urban 74.1 i d 84.5 86.9 43.9 i d 42.3 d 48.2 d 91.8 i d 94.3 d 88.6 d<br />

Rural ... 26.0 27.5 ... 1.2 2.2 ... 24.5 23.2<br />

Brasil / Brazil Nacional / National 75.5 71.1 82.4 42.4 39.4 47.9 88.6 91.5 96.8<br />

Urbana / Urban 85.2 85.2 91.9 52.0 48.1 55.2 97.2 98.3 99.3<br />

Rural 37.8 11.6 25.6 5.2 3.2 3.9 55.2 62.7 81.7<br />

Chile Nacional / National 86.2 89.1 92.0 70.1 74.1 80.4 92.7 95.8 98.5<br />

Urbana / Urban 97.2 98.3 99.0 83.5 86.4 91.6 98.6 99.3 99.6<br />

Rural 32.0 33.8 45.2 4.1 6.7 5.9 63.4 74.4 91.3<br />

Colombia Nacional / National 81.6 85.6 85.9 65.8 71.2 73.6 91.5 94.9 95.3<br />

Urbana / Urban 97.5 j d 98.0 98.1 94.5 j d 94.3 94.0 99.4 j d 99.7 99.5<br />

Rural 66.4 k 66.7 64.0 29.4 k 36.2 37.3 79.9 87.7 87.8<br />

Costa Rica Nacional / National ... 97.0 97.8 ... ... 30.4 ... ... 98.4<br />

Urbana / Urban ... 99.2 99.5 ... ... 45.9 ... ... 99.8<br />

Rural ... 93.7 95.3 ... ... 6.9 ... ... 96.3<br />

Ecuador Urbana / Urban ... ... 88.4 ... ... 67.5 ... ... 99.5<br />

El Salvador Nacional / National ... 46.7 57.9 ... 31.6 37.6 ... 76.8 79.6<br />

Urbana / Urban 67.7 d 67.2 73.4 54.8 d 53.5 58.5 91.7 d 94.9 90.7<br />

Rural ... 17.6 31.7 ... 0.4 2.3 ... 51.2 60.8<br />

Guatemala Nacional / National 63.9 63.6 78.1 31.7 32.6 38.0 49.9 64.1 78.5<br />

Urbana / Urban 87.2 89.6 93.5 69.5 73.3 65.5 86.8 91.2 96.0<br />

Rural 49.6 43.6 62.2 8.4 1.4 9.6 27.2 43.4 66.1<br />

Honduras Nacional / National 63.2 70.7 76.8 23.4 26.8 28.3 46.8 55.3 64.6<br />

Urbana / Urban 81.6 80.6 90.6 50.5 51.5 54.4 87.1 86.1 94.4<br />

Rural 48.9 62.1 63.7 2.3 5.6 3.6 15.4 28.9 36.5<br />

México / Mexico Nacional / National 81.5 84.3 88.1 54.8 60.8 71.1 90.9 95.9 97.2<br />

Urbana / Urban 93.7 94.1 95.2 78.6 81.7 87.4 98.6 99.3 99.5<br />

Rural 59.1 67.9 76.0 11.3 25.8 43.2 77.0 90.5 93.2<br />

Nicaragua Nacional / National 61.0 61.0 61.5 ... 25.5 62.9 70.5 69.3 72.4<br />

Urbana / Urban 86.0 84.2 83.5 ... 43.4 59.0 92.0 90.8 91.9<br />

Rural 27.0 30.1 26.4 ... 1.1 70.2 41.2 40.6 41.2<br />

Paraguay Nacional / National ... 38.0 52.4 ... 10.3 ... ... 77.5 91.0<br />

Urbana / Urban 68.0 l d 63.3 61.4 38.3 l d 19.0 ... 97.3 l d 96.5 97.9<br />

Rural ... 8.3 13.5 ... 0.1 ... ... 55.1 82.0<br />

Perú / Peru Nacional / National ... 59.2 64.4 ... ... 50.9 ... 69.3 72.4<br />

Urbana / Urban ... 79.8 ... ... ... 72.6 ... 91.8 93.7<br />

Rural ... 18.0 ... ... ... 5.5 ... 24.1 31.1<br />

República Dominicana Nacional / National ... 70.1 73.6 ... ... 22.7 ... 88.5 ...<br />

Dominican Republic Urbana / Urban ... 82.8 83.2 ... ... 32.1 ... 100.0 ...<br />

Rural ... 48.1 55.6 ... ... 4.8 ... 68.6 ...<br />

Uruguay Urbana / Urban 94.5 d 98.0 d 98.8 57.4 d 59.9 d 66.7 97.8 d 99.1 d 99.4 d<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Rep. Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) Nacional / National 91.8 92.9 91.0 86.5 86.6 86.7 96.9 98.7 98.4<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Rep. of) Urbana / Urban 96.5 97.7 ... 92.8 92.0 ... 99.2 99.6 ...<br />

Rural 66.3 71.2 ... 52.0 62.2 ... 84.5 94.9 ...<br />

a The term “piped water” inclu<strong>de</strong>s water supplied within the dw<strong>el</strong>ling, outsi<strong>de</strong> the dw<strong>el</strong>ling<br />

but insi<strong>de</strong> the building and outsi<strong>de</strong> the building but within 100 metres of the dw<strong>el</strong>ling.<br />

b By sewerage system.<br />

c Data refers to the year nearest to the one heading the column.<br />

d With respect to the total number of households in the urban area.<br />

e Metropolitan area.<br />

f Greater Buenos Aires.<br />

g Thirty-two urban agglomerations.<br />

h Twenty-eight urban agglomerations.<br />

i Cochabamba, El Alto, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Sucre, Tarija and Trinidad.<br />

j Barranquilla, Bogotá, Bucaramanga, Cali, Cartagena, Manizales, Me<strong>de</strong>llín and Pasto.<br />

k With respect to the total number of households in the rural area.<br />

l Metropolitan area of Asunción.<br />

a Agua por tubería incluye agua <strong>de</strong>ntro <strong>de</strong> la vivienda, fuera <strong>de</strong> la vivienda pero <strong>de</strong>ntro<br />

<strong>de</strong>l edifi cio y fuera <strong>de</strong>l edifi cio a menos <strong>de</strong> 100 metros <strong>de</strong> la vivienda.<br />

b Por sistema <strong>de</strong> alcantarillado.<br />

c Los datos se refi eren al año más cercano al que encabeza la columna.<br />

d Respecto al total <strong>de</strong> hogares en <strong>el</strong> área urbana.<br />

e Área Metropolitana.<br />

f Gran Buenos Aires.<br />

g Treinta y dos aglomerados urbanos.<br />

h Veintiocho aglomerados urbanos.<br />

i Cochabamba, El Alto, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Sucre, Tarija y Trinidad.<br />

j Barranquilla, Bogotá, Bucaramanga, Cali, Cartagena, Manizales, Me<strong>de</strong>llín y Pasto.<br />

k Respecto al total <strong>de</strong> hogares en <strong>el</strong> área rural.<br />

l Área Metropolitana <strong>de</strong> Asunción.


72 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.5 VIVIENDA Y SERVICIOS BÁSICOS / HOUSING AND BASIC SERVICES<br />

1.5.2 UNIDADES DE VIVIENDA OCUPADAS, SEGÚN TIPO DE TENENCIA, EN ÁREAS URBANAS Y RURALES<br />

OCCUPIED DWELLING UNITS, BY TYPE OF TENANCY, URBAN AND RURAL AREAS<br />

(Número <strong>de</strong> unida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> vivienda / Number of dw<strong>el</strong>ling units)<br />

Nacional / National Urbana / Urban Rural<br />

Viviendas Otras Viviendas Otras Viviendas Otras<br />

País Año ocupadas Propietario Inquilino formas ocupadas Propietario Inquilino formas ocupadas Propietario Inquilino formas Country<br />

Year Occupied Owner Tenant Other Occupied Owner Tenant Other Occupied Owner Tenant Other<br />

dw<strong>el</strong>lings dw<strong>el</strong>lings dw<strong>el</strong>lings<br />

Antillas Netherlands<br />

Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas 2001 60 031 36 151 22 174 1 706 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Antilles<br />

Argentina b 2001 a 10 073 625 7 547 517 1 122 208 1 403 900 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Argentina b<br />

Barbados c 1980 67 387 47 258 17 897 2 232 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados c<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice c 1991 37 943 24 972 12 549 422 19 319 10 971 8 240 108 18 624 14 001 4 309 314 B<strong>el</strong>ize c<br />

Bolivia 2001 1 977 665 1 321 428 326 045 330 192 1 210 962 656 636 295 691 258 635 766 703 664 792 30 354 71 557 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 2000 45 023 428 33 575 522 6 238 673 5 209 233 37 515 563 28 138 866 6 105 911 3 270 786 7 507 866 5 436 656 132 762 1 938 448 Brazil<br />

Chile 2002 3 899 448 2 827 199 688 610 383 639 3 359 734 2 444 122 664 213 251 399 539 714 383 077 24 397 132 240 Chile<br />

Colombia b 1993 7 159 842 4 546 525 19 86 569 62 6748 d 5 375 007 3 259 127 1 822 758 29 312 d 1 784 835 1 287 398 163 811 333 626 d Colombia b<br />

Costa Rica 2000 935 289 669 754 153 513 112 022 566 019 400 610 121 165 44 244 369 270 269 144 32 348 67 778 Costa Rica<br />

Dominica 1980 17 343 11 308 5 386 649 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 2001 2 879 935 1 936 909 672 690 270 336 1 819 389 1 096 119 581 851 141 419 1 060 546 840 790 90 839 128 917 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador c e c e<br />

1992 1 236 937 766 341 197 083 137 290 673 920 407 020 152 762 39 126 563 017 359 321 44 321 98 164 El Salvador<br />

Granada 1980 21 297 15 608 5 221 468 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala b 1994 1 591 823 1 208 161 169 613 214 049 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Guatemala b<br />

Honduras b 2001 1 211 307 930 964 179 586 100 757 597 117 406 533 154 670 35 914 614 190 524 431 24 916 64 843 Honduras b<br />

Islas Vírgenes British Virgin<br />

Británicas 1980 3 382 1 580 1 726 76 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Islands<br />

Jamaica 1982 517 768 241 659 211 211 64 898 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 2000 21 732 079 16 370 794 2 879 284 2 482 001 16 615 929 12 063 978 2 791 357 1 760 594 5 116 150 4 306 816 87 927 721 407 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 1995 751 890 d 632 208 34 459 85 223 d 427 650 366 672 28 270 32 708 d 324 238 265 533 6 189 52 516 d Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 2000 681 928 465 756 93 969 122 203 442 893 254 015 86 722 102 156 239 035 211 741 7 247 20 047 Panama<br />

Paraguay 2002 1 098 820 871 250 111 330 116 240 d 649 120 486 710 102 820 59 590 d 449 700 384 540 8 510 56 650 d Paraguay<br />

Perú 1993 4 427 517 3 184 838 486 037 756 642 3 017 681 2 032 879 449 000 535 802 1 409 836 1 151 959 37 037 220 840 Peru<br />

Rep. Dominicana 2002 2 193 848 1 366 657 617 731 209 460 1 398 614 782 755 512 577 103 282 795 234 583 902 105 154 106 178 Dominican Rep.<br />

Santa Lucía 1991 33 079 23 956 8 872 251 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Trinidad y Tabago c 2000 300 844 228 997 45 546 26 301 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago c<br />

Uruguay b 1996 970 037 599 361 172 593 198 083 884 794 556 217 165 233 163 344 85 243 43 144 7 360 34 739 Uruguay b<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Rep. Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) b 2001 5 261 202 4 101 517 642 881 516 804 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Rep. of) b<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s hom<strong>el</strong>ess households.<br />

b Total number of households.<br />

c Total number of dw<strong>el</strong>lings.<br />

d Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the category “Does not answer”.<br />

e The sum of owner, tenant and other does not equal the total of occupied<br />

dw<strong>el</strong>lings because the category “Does not answer” is not inclu<strong>de</strong>d.<br />

a Se excluyen los hogares censados que viven en la calle.<br />

b Número total <strong>de</strong> hogares.<br />

c Número total <strong>de</strong> viviendas.<br />

d Incluye categoría “No respon<strong>de</strong>”.<br />

e La suma <strong>de</strong> propietario, inquilino y otras formas no es igual al total <strong>de</strong><br />

viviendas ocupadas porque no se incluye la categoría “No respon<strong>de</strong>”.


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1.5 VIVIENDA Y SERVICIOS BÁSICOS / HOUSING AND BASIC SERVICES<br />

1.5.3 POBLACIÓN CON ACCESO SOSTENIBLE A MEJORES FUENTES DE ABASTECIMIENTO DE AGUA POTABLE Y A MEJORES SERVICIOS DE SANEAMIENTO,<br />

EN ÁREAS URBANAS Y RURALES<br />

POPULATION WITH ACCESS TO IMPROVED WATER SOURCES OF POTABLE WATER AND TO IMPROVED SANITATION,<br />

URBAN AND RURAL AREAS<br />

(Porcentaje / Percentage)<br />

Agua potable / Potable water Saneamiento / Sanitation<br />

País Total Urbana / Urban Rural Total Urbana / Urban Rural Country<br />

1990 2002 1990 2002 1990 2002 1990 2002 1990 2002 1990 2002<br />

Anguila … 60 … 60 … 60 99 99 99 99 99 99 Anguilla<br />

Antigua y Barbuda … 91 95 95 … 89 … 95 98 98 … 94 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 94 … 97 97 73 … 82 … 87 … 47 … Argentina<br />

Aruba 100 100 100 100 100 100 … … … … … … Aruba<br />

Bahamas … 97 98 98 … 86 100 100 100 100 100 100 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 99 99 100 100 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice … 91 100 100 … 82 … 47 … 71 … 25 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 72 85 91 95 48 68 33 45 49 58 13 23 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 83 89 93 96 55 58 70 75 82 83 37 35 Brazil<br />

Chile 90 95 98 100 49 59 85 92 91 96 52 64 Chile<br />

Colombia 92 92 98 99 78 71 82 86 95 96 52 54 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica … 97 100 100 … 92 … 92 … 89 97 97 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba … 91 95 95 … 78 98 98 99 99 95 95 Cuba<br />

Dominica … 97 100 100 … 90 … 83 … 86 … 75 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 69 86 81 92 54 77 56 72 73 80 36 59 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 67 82 88 91 47 68 51 63 70 78 33 40 El Salvador<br />

Granada … 95 97 97 … 93 97 97 96 96 97 97 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 77 95 88 99 69 92 50 61 71 72 35 52 Guatemala<br />

Guyana … 83 … 83 … 83 … 70 … 86 … 60 Guyana<br />

Haití 53 71 77 91 43 59 15 34 27 52 11 23 Haiti<br />

Honduras 83 90 89 99 78 82 49 68 77 89 31 52 Honduras<br />

Islas Vírgenes Británicas 98 98 98 98 98 98 100 100 100 100 100 100 British Virgin Islands<br />

Jamaica 92 93 97 98 86 87 75 80 85 90 64 68 Jamaica<br />

México 80 91 90 97 54 72 66 77 84 90 20 39 Mexico<br />

Montserrat 100 100 100 100 100 100 96 96 96 96 96 96 Montserrat<br />

Nicaragua 69 81 92 93 42 65 47 66 64 78 96 96 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá … 91 99 99 … 79 … 72 … 89 … 51 Panama<br />

Paraguay 62 83 80 100 46 62 58 78 71 94 46 58 Paraguay<br />

Perú 74 81 88 87 42 66 52 62 68 72 15 33 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 86 93 97 98 72 85 48 57 60 67 33 43 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 99 99 99 99 99 99 96 96 96 96 96 96 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas … … … … … 93 … … … … 96 96 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 98 98 98 98 98 98 … 89 … 89 … 89 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname … 92 98 98 … 73 … 93 99 99 … 76 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 92 91 93 92 89 88 100 100 100 100 100 100 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay … 98 98 98 … 93 … 94 95 95 … 85 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) … 83 … 85 … 70 … 68 … 71 … 48 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 83 89 92 95 58 69 69 75 82 84 35 44 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 46 economies: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize,<br />

British Virgin Islands, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia,<br />

Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Falklands Islands (Malvinas),<br />

French Guiana, Grenada, Gua<strong>de</strong>loupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique,<br />

Mexico, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts<br />

and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos<br />

Islands, United States Virgin Islands and Uruguay.<br />

a Incluye 46 economías: Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas,<br />

Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador,<br />

Granada, Guadalupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Guyana Francesa, Haití, Honduras, Islas Vírgenes Británicas, Islas<br />

Caimán, Islas Malvinas (Falklands), Islas Turcas y Caicos, Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos, Jamaica,<br />

Martinica, México, Montserrat, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, Puerto Rico, República Bolivariana<br />

<strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y Las Granadinas,<br />

Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.


74 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.6 POBREZA Y DISTRIBUCIÓN DEL INGRESO / POVERTY AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION<br />

1.6.1 PERSONAS EN SITUACIÓN DE POBREZA E INDIGENCIA, EN ÁREAS URBANAS Y RURALES<br />

POOR AND INDIGENT POPULATION, URBAN AND RURAL AREAS<br />

(Porcentaje <strong>de</strong>l total <strong>de</strong> personas / Percentage of total population)<br />

Pobreza a / Poverty a Indigencia b / Indigence b<br />

Nacional Urbano / Urban Nacional Urbano / Urban<br />

País Año / Year National<br />

Rural<br />

Rural Country<br />

Total Área metropolitana National<br />

Resto / Rest<br />

Total Área metropolitana Metropolitan area Metropolitan area<br />

Resto / Rest<br />

Argentina 1990 ... ... 21.2 ... ... ... ... 5.2 ... ... Argentina<br />

2002 ... 45.4 c 41.5 49.6 ... ... 20.9 c 18.6 23.3 ...<br />

2004 ... 29.4 d 25.9 33.6 ... ... 11.1 d 9.6 12.9 ...<br />

Bolivia 1989 ... 52.6 e ... 48.1 ... ... 23.0 e ... 19.4 ... Bolivia<br />

1999 60.6 48.7 45.0 63.9 80.7 36.4 19.8 17.5 29.0 64.7<br />

2002 62.4 52.0 48.0 58.2 79.2 37.1 21.3 18.8 25.0 62.9<br />

Brasil 1990 48.0 41.2 ... ... 70.6 23.4 16.7 ... ... 46.1 Brazil<br />

2001 37.5 34.1 ... ... 55.2 13.2 10.4 ... ... 28.0<br />

2003 38.7 35.7 ... ... 54.5 13.9 11.4 ... ... 27.5<br />

Chile 1990 38.6 38.5 32.1 43.5 38.8 13.0 12.5 9.3 14.9 15.6 Chile<br />

2000 20.2 19.7 14.4 23.4 23.7 5.6 5.1 3.9 6.0 8.4<br />

2003 18.7 18.5 12.4 22.7 20.0 4.7 4.4 2.8 5.6 6.2<br />

Colombia 1991 56.1 52.7 ... ... 60.7 26.1 20.0 ... ... 34.3 Colombia<br />

1999 54.9 50.6 43.1 53.1 61.8 26.8 21.9 19.6 22.7 34.6<br />

2002 … 50.6 39.8 53.8 ... ... 23.7 17.1 25.7 ...<br />

Costa Rica 1990 26.3 24.9 22.8 27.7 27.3 9.9 6.4 4.9 8.4 12.5 Costa Rica<br />

1999 20.3 18.1 17.5 18.7 22.3 7.8 5.4 4.3 6.5 9.8<br />

2002 20.3 17.5 16.8 18.0 24.3 8.2 5.5 5.5 5.6 12.0<br />

Ecuador 1990 ... 62.1 ... ... ... ... 26.2 ... ... ... Ecuador<br />

1999 ... 63.5 ... ... ... ... 31.3 ... ... ...<br />

2002 ... 49.0 ... ... ... ... 19.4 ... ... ...<br />

El Salvador 1995 54.2 45.8 34.7 55.1 64.4 21.7 14.9 8.8 20.1 29.9 El Salvador<br />

1999 49.8 38.7 29.8 48.7 65.1 21.9 13.0 7.7 19.0 34.3<br />

2001 48.9 39.4 32.1 47.7 62.4 22.1 14.3 9.9 19.2 33.3<br />

Guatemala 1989 69.4 53.6 ... ... 77.7 42.0 26.4 ... ... 50.2 Guatemala<br />

1998 61.1 49.1 ... ... 69.0 31.6 16.0 ... ... 41.8<br />

2002 60.2 45.3 ... ... 68.0 30.9 18.1 ... ... 37.6<br />

Honduras 1990 80.8 70.4 59.9 79.5 88.1 60.9 43.6 31.0 54.5 72.9 Honduras<br />

1999 79.7 71.7 64.4 78.8 86.3 56.8 42.9 33.7 51.9 68.0<br />

2002 77.3 66.7 56.9 74.4 86.1 54.4 36.5 25.1 45.3 69.5<br />

México 1989 47.7 42.1 ... ... 56.7 18.7 13.1 ... ... 27.9 Mexico<br />

2002 39.4 32.2 ... ... 51.2 12.6 6.9 ... ... 21.9<br />

2004 37.0 32.6 ... ... 44.1 11.7 7.0 ... ... 19.3<br />

Nicaragua 1993 73.6 66.3 58.3 73.0 82.7 48.4 36.8 29.5 43.0 62.8 Nicaragua<br />

1998 69.9 64.0 57.0 68.9 77.0 44.6 33.9 25.8 39.5 57.5<br />

2001 69.3 63.8 50.8 72.0 76.9 42.3 33.2 24.3 38.9 54.9<br />

Panamá 1989 … 40.9 38.8 48.5 ... … 18.6 17.0 24.7 ... Panama<br />

1999 … 25.8 24.2 32.5 ... ... 8.1 7.5 10.6 ...<br />

2002 34.0 25.3 ... ... 48.5 17.4 8.9 ... ... 31.5<br />

Paraguay 1990 f ... ... 43.2 ... ... ... ... 13.1 ... ... Paraguay<br />

1999 60.6 49.0 39.5 61.3 73.9 33.9 17.4 9.2 28.0 52.8<br />

2001 61.0 50.1 42.7 59.1 73.6 33.2 18.4 10.4 28.1 50.3<br />

Perú 1986 59.9 52.3 45.1 59.6 72.1 29.5 19.2 12.9 25.5 46.0 Peru<br />

2001 54.8 42.0 ... ... 78.4 24.4 9.9 ... ... 51.3<br />

2003 54.7 43.1 ... ... 76.0 21.6 8.6 ... ... 45.7<br />

República Dominicana 2000 46.9 42.3 ... ... 55.2 22.1 18.5 ... ... 28.7 Dominican Republic<br />

2002 44.9 41.9 ... ... 50.7 20.3 17.1 ... ... 26.3<br />

Uruguay 1990 ... 17.9 11.3 24.3 ... ... 3.4 1.8 5.0 ... Uruguay<br />

1999 ... 9.4 9.8 9.0 ... ... 1.8 1.9 1.6 ...<br />

2002 ... 15.4 15.1 15.8 ... ... 2.5 2.7 2.2 ...<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Rep. 1990 39.8 38.6 29.2 41.2 46.0 14.4 13.1 8.0 14.5 21.3 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 1999 49.4 53.0 ... ... ... 21.7 ... ... ... ... (Bolivarian Rep. of)<br />

2002 48.6 ... ... ... ... 22.2 ... ... ... ...<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> g 1990 48.3 41.4 65.4 22.5 15.3 40.4 Latin America g<br />

2003 44.3 38.9 ... ... 61.6 19.2 13.7 ... ... 36.9<br />

2004 41.7 36.7 58.1 17.4 12.4 34.0<br />

a Percentage of population having incomes amounting to less than twice the cost of a basic food basket. Inclu<strong>de</strong>s indigent population.<br />

b Percentage of population having incomes amounting to less than the cost of a basic food basket.<br />

c Thirty-two urban agglomerations.<br />

d Twenty-eight urban agglomerations.<br />

e Cochabamba, El Alto, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Sucre, Tarija and Trinidad.<br />

f Metropolitan area of Asunción.<br />

g Estimate based on 19 economies: Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

a Porcentaje <strong>de</strong> personas cuyo ingreso es inferior al doble <strong>de</strong>l costo <strong>de</strong> una canasta básica <strong>de</strong> alimentos. Incluye las personas en situación <strong>de</strong> indigencia.<br />

b Porcentaje <strong>de</strong> personas cuyo ingreso es inferior al costo <strong>de</strong> una canasta básica <strong>de</strong> alimentos.<br />

c Treinta y dos aglomerados urbanos.<br />

d Veintiocho aglomerados urbanos.<br />

e Cochabamba, El Alto, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Sucre, Tarija, y Trinidad.<br />

f Área Metropolitana <strong>de</strong> Asunción.<br />

g Estimación basada en 19 economías: Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras,<br />

México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.


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1.6 POBREZA Y DISTRIBUCIÓN DEL INGRESO / POVERTY AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION<br />

1.6.2 COEFICIENTE DE LA BRECHA DE POBREZA E INDIGENCIA<br />

POVERTY AND EXTREME POVERTY GAP COEFFICIENT<br />

(Porcentaje <strong>de</strong> la línea <strong>de</strong> pobreza o indigencia / Percentage of poverty or extreme poverty line)<br />

País / Country Año / Year Pobreza / Poverty Indigencia / Extreme poverty<br />

Argentina 1990 a 7.2 1.6<br />

2002 b 21.1 8.4<br />

2004 c 12.2 4.2<br />

Bolivia 1989 d 24.5 9.7<br />

1999 33.9 20.3<br />

2002 34.4 19.5<br />

Brasil / Brazil 1990 23.5 9.7<br />

2001 17.3 5.8<br />

2003 17.8 5.9<br />

Chile 1990 14.9 4.4<br />

2000 7.0 2.1<br />

2003 6.3 1.7<br />

Colombia 1994 26.6 13.8<br />

1999 25.6 11.2<br />

2002 e 24.1 10.0<br />

Costa Rica 1990 10.7 4.8<br />

1999 8.1 3.5<br />

2002 8.4 3.9<br />

Ecuador e 1990 27.6 9.2<br />

1999 30.1 11.5<br />

2002 20.8 6.9<br />

El Salvador 1995 24.0 9.1<br />

1999 22.9 9.4<br />

2001 22.7 9.5<br />

Guatemala 1989 35.9 18.5<br />

1998 27.3 10.7<br />

2002 27.0 10.7<br />

Honduras 1990 50.2 31.5<br />

1999 47.4 27.9<br />

2002 45.3 26.6<br />

México / Mexico 1989 18.7 5.9<br />

2002 13.9 3.5<br />

2004 13.2 3.5<br />

Nicaragua 1993 41.9 24.3<br />

1998 39.4 22.6<br />

2001 36.9 19.0<br />

Panamá e / Panama e 1991 17.9 7.3<br />

1999 9.9 3.1<br />

2002 10.0 3.3<br />

Paraguay 1990 f 16.1 3.6<br />

1999 30.2 14.5<br />

2001 30.3 15.4<br />

Perú / Peru 1997 20.8 10.1<br />

1999 20.6 9.2<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic 2000 22.1 10.1<br />

2002 20.5 9.3<br />

Uruguay e 1990 5.3 0.9<br />

1999 2.7 0.4<br />

2002 4.5 0.6<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) / Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) 1990 15.7 5.0<br />

1999 22.6 9.0<br />

2002 22.1 9.3<br />

a Metropolitan area.<br />

b Thirty-two urban agglomerations.<br />

c Twenty-eight urban agglomerations.<br />

d Cochabamba, El Alto, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Sucre, Tarija and Trinidad.<br />

a Área Metropolitana.<br />

b Treinta y dos aglomerados urbanos.<br />

c Veintiocho aglomerados urbanos.<br />

d Cochabamba, El Alto, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Sucre, Tarija y Trinidad.<br />

e Urban area.<br />

f Metropolitan area of Asunción.<br />

e Área urbana.<br />

f Área Metropolitana <strong>de</strong> Asunción.


76 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.6 POBREZA Y DISTRIBUCIÓN DEL INGRESO / POVERTY AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION<br />

1.6.3 DISTRIBUCIÓN DEL INGRESO DE LAS PERSONAS, EN ÁREAS URBANAS Y RURALES a<br />

DISTRIBUTION OF NATIONAL INCOME, URBAN AND RURAL AREAS a<br />

(Porcentajes / Percentages)<br />

Quintil 1 (más pobre)<br />

Quintil 5 (más rico)<br />

Quintile 1 (poorest)<br />

Quintil 2 Quintil 3 Quintil 4<br />

Quintile 5 (richest)<br />

Quintile 2 Quintile 3 Quintile 4<br />

Decil 1 Decil 2 Decil 9 Decil 10<br />

Decile 1 Decile 2 Decile 9 Decile 10<br />

Área geográfi ca Año / Year<br />

Geographical area<br />

País / Country<br />

Argentina Urbano / Urban 1990 b 1.5 2.6 8.2 12.6 20.1 15.6 39.3<br />

2002 c 0.9 1.9 6.4 10.8 18.3 15.4 46.4<br />

2004 d 1.1 2.3 7.6 12.2 19.3 15.4 42.1<br />

Bolivia Nacional / National 1999 0.3 1.0 5.9 11.5 20.2 17.3 43.9<br />

2002 0.3 1.2 5.5 10.3 18.3 15.8 48.7<br />

Urbano / Urban 1989 e 0.9 2.3 7.4 11.6 19.5 16.5 41.8<br />

1999 1.3 2.6 8.1 12.5 20.0 16.7 38.9<br />

2002 1.2 2.3 7.1 10.9 18.1 15.1 45.4<br />

Rural 1999 0.4 0.8 3.9 9.3 19.4 17.3 48.8<br />

2002 0.4 0.9 4.5 9.7 18.6 17.1 48.8<br />

Brasil / Brazil Nacional / National 1990 0.7 1.4 5.0 9.1 17.0 16.2 50.6<br />

2001 0.6 1.4 5.1 9.0 16.1 15.1 52.8<br />

2003 0.7 1.5 5.4 9.5 16.7 15.3 50.9<br />

Urbano / Urban 1990 0.8 1.6 5.6 9.7 17.5 16.4 48.5<br />

2001 0.7 1.5 5.3 9.2 16.4 15.3 51.7<br />

2003 0.7 1.7 5.7 9.6 16.9 15.4 50.1<br />

Rural 1990 1.2 2.2 7.0 11.3 18.9 16.0 43.5<br />

2001 0.8 1.9 6.3 10.8 18.7 15.4 46.2<br />

2003 0.9 2.0 6.6 11.1 19.3 16.0 44.1<br />

Chile Nacional / National 1990 1.2 2.3 7.0 11.0 17.9 15.5 45.1<br />

2000 1.2 2.2 6.9 10.7 17.6 15.2 46.3<br />

2003 1.3 2.4 7.2 11.0 17.8 15.0 45.4<br />

Urbano / Urban 1990 1.3 2.4 7.2 11.2 18.4 15.9 43.7<br />

2000 1.2 2.3 7.0 10.9 17.7 15.3 45.7<br />

2003 1.3 2.4 7.2 11.2 17.9 15.0 44.9<br />

Rural 1990 1.1 2.3 7.0 10.4 15.8 12.6 50.9<br />

2000 1.5 2.9 8.5 12.4 18.3 13.9 42.6<br />

2003 1.7 3.0 8.6 12.3 18.0 13.5 43.0<br />

Colombia Nacional / National 1991 1.2 2.5 7.7 11.9 18.9 15.1 42.7<br />

1999 0.7 1.8 6.0 9.7 16.0 13.8 52.0<br />

2002 0.8 2.1 6.8 11.0 18.2 15.1 46.0<br />

Urbano / Urban 1991 1.6 2.9 8.6 12.8 20.2 16.0 38.0<br />

1999 0.8 1.8 5.9 9.5 15.9 14.1 51.9<br />

2002 0.8 2.0 6.6 10.9 18.1 15.3 46.3<br />

Rural 1991 0.9 2.2 7.1 10.9 17.2 13.0 48.6<br />

1999 0.8 2.4 7.8 12.1 18.8 14.5 43.6<br />

2002 1.0 2.6 8.4 12.9 20.1 15.3 39.8<br />

Costa Rica Nacional / National 1990 1.2 3.1 9.7 14.8 22.7 16.5 31.9<br />

1999 1.2 2.8 8.8 13.6 21.6 16.9 35.2<br />

2002 1.0 2.6 8.5 13.4 21.2 16.8 36.5<br />

Urbano / Urban 1990 1.4 3.3 10.1 15.4 22.8 16.4 30.6<br />

1999 1.5 3.0 9.0 14.0 22.3 17.1 33.2<br />

2002 1.4 2.9 8.9 13.9 21.5 16.9 34.6<br />

Rural 1990 1.3 3.2 10.4 15.4 22.9 16.6 30.3<br />

1999 1.2 2.9 9.3 14.3 21.8 16.3 34.2<br />

2002 0.9 2.5 8.9 14.0 21.4 16.1 36.2<br />

Ecuador Urbano / Urban 1990 1.7 3.1 9.1 13.7 20.6 15.9 36.0<br />

1999 1.2 2.6 7.7 11.8 19.1 15.7 41.9<br />

2002 1.4 2.6 8.0 12.4 19.2 15.1 41.3


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1.6 POBREZA Y DISTRIBUCIÓN DEL INGRESO / POVERTY AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION<br />

1.6.3 DISTRIBUCIÓN DEL INGRESO DE LAS PERSONAS, EN ÁREAS URBANAS Y RURALES a (continuación)<br />

DISTRIBUTION OF NATIONAL INCOME, URBAN AND RURAL AREAS a (continued)<br />

(Porcentajes / Percentages)<br />

Quintil 1 (más pobre)<br />

Quintil 5 (más rico)<br />

Quintile 1 (poorest)<br />

Quintil 2 Quintil 3 Quintil 4<br />

Quintile 5 (richest)<br />

Quintile 2 Quintile 3 Quintile 4<br />

Decil 1 Decil 2 Decil 9 Decil 10<br />

Decile 1 Decile 2 Decile 9 Decile 10<br />

Año / Year<br />

Área geográfi ca<br />

Geographical area<br />

País / Country<br />

El Salvador Nacional / National 1995 1.0 2.5 8.1 13.0 20.4 16.1 39.0<br />

1999 0.8 2.1 7.5 12.7 21.2 17.2 38.5<br />

2001 0.8 2.1 7.4 12.5 20.9 17.0 39.4<br />

Urbano / Urban 1995 1.6 3.1 9.2 13.6 20.4 15.3 36.8<br />

1999 1.5 2.9 8.9 13.8 21.5 16.6 34.8<br />

2001 1.4 2.8 8.6 13.4 21.1 16.7 36.1<br />

Rural 1995 1.0 2.9 9.9 15.1 22.7 16.2 32.1<br />

1999 0.9 2.5 9.0 14.8 23.0 17.3 32.7<br />

2001 0.9 2.3 8.5 14.3 22.6 17.2 34.1<br />

Guatemala Nacional / National 1989 0.8 1.9 6.5 10.5 17.6 15.5 47.2<br />

1998 1.4 2.3 6.9 11.0 17.7 14.6 46.2<br />

2002 1.3 2.4 7.1 10.9 19.0 16.3 43.0<br />

Urbano / Urban 1989 0.8 2.0 6.7 11.4 19.2 16.0 43.8<br />

1998 1.6 2.6 7.9 11.8 18.2 14.3 43.5<br />

2002 1.2 2.3 7.5 12.1 19.7 16.2 41.1<br />

Rural 1989 1.0 2.5 8.4 13.0 19.3 14.8 41.1<br />

1998 1.8 2.9 8.3 12.1 18.3 13.8 42.8<br />

2002 1.8 3.2 9.0 12.9 19.4 16.3 37.5<br />

Honduras Nacional / National 1990 0.8 1.6 5.3 9.5 17.2 16.0 49.7<br />

1999 0.9 2.0 6.8 11.5 19.4 16.5 42.9<br />

2002 0.9 1.7 5.7 10.3 18.8 16.3 46.4<br />

Urbano / Urban 1990 1.1 2.1 6.7 10.8 18.6 16.5 44.3<br />

1999 1.2 2.4 7.9 12.4 20.3 16.3 39.4<br />

2002 1.1 2.3 7.4 12.0 19.2 15.8 42.1<br />

Rural 1990 1.1 2.1 7.0 11.2 18.4 15.2 45.1<br />

1999 1.1 2.5 8.2 12.9 20.5 15.8 38.9<br />

2002 1.4 2.5 7.7 11.9 19.6 16.1 40.8<br />

México / Mexico Nacional / National 1989 1.4 2.5 7.6 11.6 18.3 14.9 43.8<br />

2002 1.5 2.5 7.7 12.2 19.5 15.9 40.7<br />

2004 1.4 2.6 7.9 12.1 19.1 15.7 41.1<br />

Urbano / Urban 1989 1.5 2.7 7.8 11.6 17.9 14.6 43.9<br />

2002 2.0 3.1 8.7 12.8 19.6 15.5 38.3<br />

2004 1.9 3.0 8.5 12.3 19.1 15.4 40.0<br />

Rural 1989 1.9 3.2 9.3 13.7 20.7 15.8 35.4<br />

2002 1.8 2.9 8.4 12.2 18.9 15.4 40.4<br />

2004 1.6 2.9 8.7 13.1 20.1 15.7 37.8<br />

Nicaragua Nacional / National 1993 0.4 1.7 6.2 11.2 19.2 16.1 45.2<br />

1998 0.4 1.6 6.3 11.3 19.0 15.9 45.6<br />

2001 0.6 1.9 6.6 11.0 18.2 15.2 46.5<br />

Urbano / Urban 1993 0.6 2.2 7.1 11.9 19.5 15.4 43.2<br />

1998 0.9 2.2 7.3 11.6 19.1 14.9 44.1<br />

2001 1.0 2.2 7.1 11.2 18.2 14.2 46.0<br />

Rural 1993 0.3 2.1 7.6 12.3 21.0 16.6 40.2<br />

1998 0.3 1.6 6.6 12.2 21.5 16.0 41.9<br />

2001 0.7 2.1 8.1 13.2 21.7 16.5 37.7<br />

Panamá / Panama Nacional / National 1991 0.9 1.9 6.6 11.1 19.5 16.8 43.2<br />

1999 1.0 2.0 6.6 11.1 19.3 16.4 43.6<br />

2002 0.7 1.6 6.3 11.6 20.3 17.4 42.2<br />

Urbano / Urban 1991 0.8 2.1 7.0 11.5 20.1 16.9 41.6<br />

1999 1.1 2.3 7.2 11.8 19.6 16.5 41.4<br />

2002 1.1 2.3 7.5 12.5 20.5 17.3 38.9<br />

Rural 1991 1.3 2.4 7.3 11.6 19.1 15.8 42.5<br />

1999 1.5 2.5 7.4 11.3 18.2 15.1 44.1<br />

2002 0.8 1.5 5.6 10.8 20.1 17.2 44.0


78 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.6 POBREZA Y DISTRIBUCIÓN DEL INGRESO / POVERTY AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION<br />

1.6.3 DISTRIBUCIÓN DEL INGRESO DE LAS PERSONAS, EN ÁREAS URBANAS Y RURALES a (conclusión)<br />

DISTRIBUTION OF NATIONAL INCOME, URBAN AND RURAL AREAS a (conclu<strong>de</strong>d)<br />

(Porcentajes / Percentages)<br />

Quintil 1 (más pobre)<br />

Quintil 5 (más rico)<br />

Quintile 1 (poorest)<br />

Quintil 2 Quintil 3 Quintil 4<br />

Quintile 5 (richest)<br />

Quintile 2 Quintile 3 Quintile 4<br />

Decil 1 Decil 2 Decil 9 Decil 10<br />

Decile 1 Decile 2 Decile 9 Decile 10<br />

Año / Year<br />

Área geográfi ca<br />

Geographical area<br />

País / Country<br />

Paraguay Nacional / National 1999 0.9 1.8 6.5 11.2 19.4 16.7 43.7<br />

2001 0.7 1.7 6.5 11.6 19.0 15.9 44.7<br />

Urbano / Urban 1990 f 2.0 3.3 9.3 13.6 20.9 16.6 34.4<br />

1999 1.4 2.9 8.1 12.4 20.4 16.0 38.7<br />

2001 1.3 2.6 8.2 12.3 19.4 15.8 40.5<br />

Rural 1999 1.0 2.1 6.7 10.8 18.1 15.1 46.2<br />

2001 0.9 1.9 7.3 11.7 20.0 15.7 42.5<br />

Perú / Peru Nacional / National 1997 1.0 2.0 7.0 12.1 20.0 16.3 41.6<br />

2001 1.1 2.2 7.5 12.4 20.2 16.0 40.6<br />

2003 1.4 2.4 7.9 12.6 20.6 16.0 39.2<br />

Urbano / Urban 1997 1.7 3.0 8.7 12.9 19.9 15.8 38.1<br />

2001 1.6 3.0 8.9 13.3 19.9 15.3 38.0<br />

2003 1.8 3.3 9.3 13.6 20.3 15.6 36.1<br />

Rural 1997 1.6 2.8 9.2 14.3 22.1 17.2 32.9<br />

2001 1.8 3.2 9.6 14.5 21.5 15.7 33.7<br />

2003 2.7 4.1 11.5 16.0 22.9 15.7 27.1<br />

República Dominicana / Nacional / National 1997 1.2 2.5 8.0 12.4 19.6 15.4 41.0<br />

Dominican Republic 2001 0.9 2.2 7.3 11.8 19.5 16.0 42.4<br />

2002 0.7 2.1 7.4 11.8 19.5 16.0 42.6<br />

Urbano / Urban 1997 1.4 2.6 8.2 12.4 19.4 15.3 40.7<br />

2001 0.8 2.2 7.2 11.6 19.7 16.3 42.2<br />

2002 0.7 2.1 7.2 11.4 19.6 16.3 42.8<br />

Rural 1997 1.4 2.7 8.7 13.5 20.7 16.1 37.0<br />

2001 1.2 2.8 8.8 13.6 21.3 16.1 36.3<br />

2002 1.0 2.7 8.9 14.2 21.7 16.5 35.1<br />

Uruguay Urbano / Urban 1990 1.9 3.2 9.4 13.7 20.0 15.0 36.9<br />

1999 1.8 3.1 9.6 14.3 21.5 16.2 33.5<br />

2002 1.8 3.0 9.0 13.8 21.3 16.4 34.6<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Rep. Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) / Nacional / National 1990 1.5 2.8 8.8 13.6 21.3 16.4 35.7<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Rep. of) 1999 1.1 2.5 8.2 13.1 20.7 16.6 37.8<br />

2002 1.0 2.5 8.1 13.0 21.1 16.9 37.5<br />

Urbano / Urban 1990 1.5 2.9 9.0 13.7 21.3 16.4 35.2<br />

Rural 1990 1.9 3.2 9.7 14.5 21.8 16.3 32.6<br />

a Household income is classifi ed by quintile, based on per capita income. Quintile 1 is<br />

composed of the poorest households; quintile 5 corresponds to the richest.<br />

b Twenty agglomerations.<br />

c Thirty-two urban agglomerations.<br />

d Twenty-eight urban agglomerations.<br />

e Cochabamba, El Alto, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Sucre, Tarija and Trinidad.<br />

f Metropolitan area of Asunción.<br />

a El ingreso <strong>de</strong> los hogares está or<strong>de</strong>nado por quintiles según su ingreso per cápita. El quintil 1<br />

correspon<strong>de</strong><br />

a los hogares más pobres y <strong>el</strong> quintil 5 a los hogares más ricos.<br />

b Veinte aglomerados.<br />

c Treinta y dos aglomerados urbanos.<br />

d Veintiocho aglomerados urbanos.<br />

e Cochabamba, El Alto, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Sucre, Tarija y Trinidad.<br />

f Área Metropolitana <strong>de</strong> Asunción.


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1.6 POBREZA Y DISTRIBUCIÓN DEL INGRESO / POVERTY AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION<br />

1.6.4 ÍNDICE DE GINI, EN ÁREAS URBANAS Y RURALES<br />

GINI COEFFICIENT, URBAN AND RURAL AREAS<br />

(Valores entre 0 y 1 / Values between 0 and 1)<br />

País / Country Año / Year Nacional / National Urbana / Urban Rural<br />

Argentina 1990 a ... 0.501 ...<br />

2002 b ... 0.590 ...<br />

2004 c ... 0.537 ...<br />

Bolivia 1989 d 0.538 0.538 ...<br />

1999 0.586 0.504 0.640<br />

2002 0.614 0.554 0.632<br />

Brasil / Brazil 1990 0.627 0.606 0.548<br />

2001 0.639 0.628 0.581<br />

2003 0.621 0.612 0.564<br />

Chile 1990 0.554 0.542 0.578<br />

2000 0.559 0.553 0.511<br />

2003 0.552 0.547 0.507<br />

Colombia 1994 0.601 0.579 0.570<br />

1999 0.572 0.564 0.525<br />

2002 ... 0.575 0.507<br />

Costa Rica 1990 0.438 0.419 0.419<br />

1999 0.473 0.454 0.457<br />

2002 0.488 0.465 0.481<br />

Ecuador 1990 ... 0.461 ...<br />

1999 ... 0.521 ...<br />

2002 ... 0.513 ...<br />

El Salvador 1995 0.507 0.466 0.442<br />

1999 0.518 0.462 0.462<br />

2001 0.525 0.477 0.477<br />

Guatemala 1989 0.582 0.558 0.513<br />

1998 0.560 0.525 0.510<br />

2002 0.543 0.524 0.470<br />

Honduras 1990 0.615 0.561 0.558<br />

1999 0.564 0.518 0.512<br />

2002 0.588 0.533 0.519<br />

México / Mexico 1989 0.536 0.530 0.453<br />

2002 0.514 0.477 0.498<br />

2004 0.516 0.493 0.480<br />

Nicaragua 1993 0.582 0.549 0.536<br />

1998 0.584 0.551 0.558<br />

2001 0.579 0.560 0.506<br />

Panamá / Panama 1991 ... 0.545 ...<br />

1999 ... 0.533 ...<br />

2002 ... 0.515 0.515<br />

Paraguay 1990 e 0.447 0.447 ...<br />

1999 0.565 0.497 0.570<br />

2000 0.570 0.511 0.548<br />

Perú / Peru 1997 0.532 0.473 0.451<br />

2001 0.525 0.477 0.439<br />

2003 0.523 0.482 0.382<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic 1997 0.517 0.509 0.483<br />

2001 0.541 0.542 0.501 f<br />

2002 0.544 0.548 0.473<br />

Uruguay 1990 ... 0.492 ...<br />

1999 ... 0.440 ...<br />

2002 ... 0.455 ...<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) / Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) 1990 0.471 0.464 0.431<br />

1999 0.498 ... ...<br />

2002 0.500 ... ...<br />

a Metropolitan area.<br />

b Thirty-two urban agglomerations.<br />

c Twenty-eight urban agglomerations.<br />

d Cochabamba, El Alto, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Sucre, Tarija, and Trinidad.<br />

a Área Metropolitana.<br />

b Treinta y dos aglomerados urbanos.<br />

c Veintiocho aglomerados urbanos.<br />

d Cochabamba, El Alto, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Sucre, Tarija y Trinidad.<br />

e Metropolitan area of Asunción.<br />

e Área Metropolitana <strong>de</strong> Asunción.<br />

f 2000.<br />

f 2000.


80 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.7 GÉNERO / GENDER<br />

1.7.1 RELACIÓN DE SALARIOS ENTRE LOS GÉNEROS, SEGÚN AÑOS DE ESTUDIOS APROBADOS a<br />

GENDER WAGE RATIO, BY YEARS OF EDUCATION COMPLETED a<br />

(Porcentaje / Percentage)<br />

País / Country Año / Year Total 0-5 6-9 10-12 13 y más / 13 and over<br />

Argentina 1997 b 89.9 75.8 78.7 84.3 70.0<br />

2004 c 86.6 68.3 72.0 81.5 76.6<br />

Bolivia 1989 d 80.3 57.7 59.3 97.8 62.0<br />

2002 74.4 6.9 83.9 71.2 64.2<br />

Brasil / Brazil 1990 66.3 53.6 55.0 56.8 59.2<br />

2003 76.7 69.7 64.0 65.4 61.9<br />

Chile 1990 70.1 59.9 68.9 72.2 57.4<br />

2003 81.7 86.6 78.7 80.1 69.0<br />

Colombia 1990 e 82.3 84.9 83.1 84.5 67.7<br />

2002 89.2 84.9 86.6 82.5 80.0<br />

Costa Rica 1990 80.9 68.5 72.3 78.6 75.1<br />

2002 83.0 65.2 66.9 83.3 70.3<br />

Ecuador 1990 67.6 44.6 53.8 77.2 57.1<br />

2002 83.7 132.0 68.7 78.5 72.9<br />

El Salvador 1995 81.2 60.9 64.5 83.2 84.3<br />

2001 90.0 77.4 76.2 89.1 81.7<br />

Guatemala 1990 f 70.0 53.9 69.7 82.7 57.9<br />

2002 82.4 89.0 82.5 73.4 87.0<br />

Honduras 1990 72.8 58.4 57.4 78.0 64.1<br />

2002 82.8 76.9 72.1 79.7 68.7<br />

México / Mexico 1989 75.6 73.0 80.9 80.2 70.3<br />

2004 82.1 79.1 77.0 82.1 69.6<br />

Nicaragua 1993 79.2 71.9 74.4 87.5 72.2<br />

2001 83.0 75.9 75.0 72.4 71.9<br />

Panamá / Panama 1989 84.1 56.9 62.8 87.1 74.1<br />

2002 82.7 52.4 53.2 83.6 71.4<br />

Paraguay 1990 63.4 46.7 52.5 74.8 62.5<br />

2001 84.8 67.9 77.3 86.0 72.6<br />

Perú / Peru 1997 83.5 56.9 51.1 95.2 79.8<br />

2003 77.4 82.3 80.3 82.8 70.8<br />

República Dominicana / Dominican Republic 1997 88.0 67.4 68.2 96.7 75.3<br />

2002 86.6 53.8 70.1 82.4 86.0<br />

Uruguay 1990 74.2 66.8 68.4 68.2 70.9<br />

2002 80.8 85.5 70.7 77.6 66.8<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 1990 80.4 69.8 75.6 78.9 74.8<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) 2002 g 99.1 82.1 79.9 79.4 86.1<br />

a Refers to the ratio of the average pay rate of urban women wage earners between 20 and 49 years of<br />

age, who work 35 hours or more per week, to the pay rate of men with the same characteristics.<br />

b Greater Buenos Aires.<br />

c Twenty-eight urban agglomerations.<br />

d Cochabamba, El Alto, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Sucre, Tarija and Trinidad.<br />

e Barranquilla, Bogotá, Bucaramanga, Cali, Cartagena, Manizales, Me<strong>de</strong>llín and Pasto.<br />

a Se refi ere a la proporción <strong>de</strong>l salario medio <strong>de</strong> las mujeres asalariadas urbanas, <strong>de</strong> 20 a 49 años <strong>de</strong> edad que<br />

trabajan 35 horas y más por semana, respecto <strong>de</strong>l salario <strong>de</strong> los hombres <strong>de</strong> iguales características.<br />

b Gran Buenos Aires.<br />

c Veintiocho aglomerados urbanos.<br />

d Cochabamba, El Alto, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Sucre, Tarija y Trinidad.<br />

e Barranquilla, Bogotá, Bucaramanga, Cali, Cartagena, Manizales, Me<strong>de</strong>llín y Pasto.<br />

f Urban areas of the capital.<br />

f Zonas urbanas <strong>de</strong> la capital.<br />

g National.<br />

g Nacional.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 81<br />

1.7 GÉNERO / GENDER<br />

1.7.2 PROPORCIÓN DE MUJERES ENTRE LOS EMPLEADOS REMUNERADOS EN EL SECTOR NO AGRÍCOLA<br />

SHARE OF WOMEN IN WAGE EMPLOYMENT IN THE NON-AGRICULTURAL SECTOR<br />

(Porcentaje / Percentage)<br />

País 1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 Country<br />

Anguila 41.4 44.3 47.2 47.6 48.4 48.9 Anguilla<br />

Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas 41.3 43.9 48.1 47.9 48.5 49.0 Netherlands Antilles<br />

Argentina 35.7 39.9 42.6 43.3 45.9 47.6 Argentina<br />

Aruba 39.5 41.5 43.5 43.9 44.3 44.7 Aruba<br />

Bahamas 48.5 49.4 49.3 49.8 49.7 50.1 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 45.5 47.9 47.5 47.6 47.8 48.4 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 37.6 38.8 40.4 40.7 41.0 41.3 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 35.7 35.9 35.8 37.4 36.4 36.5 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 40.2 44.1 45.6 45.8 46.5 46.9 Brazil<br />

Chile 36.2 36.2 36.9 36.6 36.5 37.3 Chile<br />

Colombia 42.6 44.9 48.8 49.1 48.9 48.8 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 37.2 36.7 39.3 40.1 39.5 39.5 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 37.0 37.6 37.6 37.4 37.7 37.7 Cuba<br />

Dominica ... 47.0 a ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 37.3 40.3 40.2 41.4 40.0 41.1 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 32.3 30.7 31.3 31.2 31.2 31.1 El Salvador<br />

Granada 38.1 39.9 41.7 42.1 42.4 42.8 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 36.8 37.9 37.5 38.5 39.2 38.7 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 37.4 ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 39.5 ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras 48.1 44.6 49.7 50.0 50.2 50.5 Honduras<br />

Islas Vírgenes Británicas ... 48.3 b ... ... ... ... British Virgin Islands<br />

Jamaica 50.6 49.2 46.9 46.7 47.2 48.0 Jamaica<br />

México 35.3 35.9 37.3 37.2 37.7 37.4 Mexico<br />

Montserrat 43.4 c ... ... ... ... ... Montserrat<br />

Nicaragua 41.1 ... ... ... ... ... Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 43.3 42.7 43.0 43.0 43.5 44.0 Panama<br />

Paraguay 40.5 40.9 41.1 41.2 40.6 42.0 Paraguay<br />

Perú 28.7 31.6 33.3 34.6 35.8 37.2 Peru<br />

Puerto Rico 46.5 43.9 39.6 41.3 40.7 40.1 Puerto Rico<br />

República Dominicana 35.2 35.7 35.0 35.0 34.9 34.9 Dominican Republic<br />

Santa Lucía 47.1 46.0 48.5 48.3 48.4 48.5 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 39.1 35.4 33.9 33.6 33.2 32.9 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 35.6 39.2 40.0 39.9 41.4 41.3 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 43.1 45.2 46.4 46.5 45.8 46.3 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 35.2 36.7 39.8 41.1 41.8 41.5 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe d 37.7 ... ... 41.9 ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean d<br />

a 1997.<br />

b 1994.<br />

c 1991.<br />

d Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 26 economies: Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil,<br />

Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica,<br />

Mexico, Netherlands Antilles, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

a 1997.<br />

b 1994.<br />

c 1991.<br />

d Incluye 26 economías: Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile,<br />

Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú,<br />

Puerto Rico, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.


82 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.7 GÉNERO / GENDER<br />

1.7.3 PROPORCIÓN DE PUESTOS OCUPADOS POR MUJERES EN EL PARLAMENTO NACIONAL<br />

PROPORTION OF SEATS HELD BY WOMEN IN NATIONAL PARLIAMENT<br />

(Porcentaje / Percentage)<br />

País 1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda – 5 5 5 ... 5 5 5 5 11 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 6 25 28 28 28 27 31 31 31 34 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 4 8 15 15 15 15 15 20 20 20 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 4 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 13 13 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice – 3 3 7 7 7 7 7 3 7 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 9 7 ... ... 12 12 12 19 19 19 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 5 7 7 6 6 6 7 9 9 9 Brazil<br />

Chile ... 8 8 11 11 11 13 13 13 13 Chile<br />

Colombia 5 12 12 ... 12 12 12 12 12 12 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 11 16 16 19 19 19 19 35 35 35 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 34 23 23 28 28 28 28 36 36 36 Cuba<br />

Dominica 10 9 9 9 9 ... 19 19 19 19 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 5 ... 4 17 17 15 15 16 16 16 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 12 11 16 17 17 10 10 10 11 11 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... 20 20 20 ... 27 27 27 27 27 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 7 13 13 13 7 9 9 9 8 8 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 37 20 ... ... 19 19 20 20 20 31 Guyana<br />

Haití ... 4 4 4 4 ... 4 4 4 4 Haiti<br />

Honduras 10 8 ... 9 9 9 9 6 6 6 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 5 12 12 14 13 13 13 12 12 12 Jamaica<br />

México 12 14 14 17 18 16 16 16 23 23 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 15 11 11 11 10 10 21 21 21 21 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 8 10 10 10 ... 10 10 10 10 17 Panama<br />

Paraguay 6 3 3 ... 3 3 3 3 10 10 Paraguay<br />

Perú 6 11 11 11 11 20 18 18 18 18 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 8 12 12 16 16 16 16 17 17 17 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 7 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 – Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 10 10 10 ... 5 5 23 23 23 23 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía – – 12 12 11 11 ... 11 11 11 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 8 16 16 16 16 ... 18 18 18 20 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 17 11 11 11 11 ... 17 19 19 19 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 6 7 7 7 12 12 12 12 12 12 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Rep. Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 10 6 6 ... 12 10 10 10 10 10 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Rep. of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 8 ... ... ... ... ... ... 14 ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 33 economies: Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El<br />

Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru,<br />

Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

a Incluye 33 economías: Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia,<br />

Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis,<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 83<br />

Estadísticas económicas<br />

Economic statistics


84 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 85<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.1 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: TASAS DE VARIACIÓN DEL PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: GROWTH RATES OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT<br />

(Tasa <strong>de</strong> variación anual / Annual rate of variation)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 a Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda -5.0 1.5 2.3 3.0 4.7 5.2 5.6 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina -2.8 -0.8 -4.4 -10.9 8.8 9.0 9.2 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 4.4 1.9 0.8 2.3 1.4 1.8 2.7 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 2.4 2.3 -2.6 0.5 2.0 4.8 3.9 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 0.7 13.0 4.6 4.7 9.2 4.6 3.1 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 4.7 2.5 1.7 2.4 2.8 3.6 4.1 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 4.2 4.4 1.3 1.9 0.5 4.9 2.3 Brazil<br />

Chile 10.6 4.5 3.4 2.2 3.9 6.2 6.3 Chile<br />

Colombia 5.2 2.9 1.5 1.9 3.9 4.8 5.1 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 3.9 1.8 1.1 2.9 6.4 4.1 5.9 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 2.5 6.1 3.0 1.5 2.9 4.5 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 1.6 1.3 -4.2 -5.1 0.1 3.1 3.6 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 1.7 2.8 5.3 4.2 3.6 7.6 3.9 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 6.4 2.2 1.7 2.3 2.3 1.8 2.8 El Salvador<br />

Granada 3.2 7.0 -4.9 0.4 7.5 -3.0 5.2 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 4.9 3.6 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.7 3.2 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 5.1 -1.4 2.3 1.1 -0.7 1.6 -3.0 Guyana<br />

Haití 9.9 0.9 -1.0 -0.3 0.4 -3.5 1.8 Haiti<br />

Honduras 4.1 5.7 2.6 2.7 3.5 5.0 4.1 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 2.6 0.7 1.5 1.1 2.3 0.9 1.4 Jamaica<br />

México -6.2 6.6 – 0.8 1.4 4.2 3.0 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 5.9 4.1 3.0 0.8 2.5 5.1 4.0 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 1.8 2.7 0.6 2.2 4.2 7.6 6.4 Panama<br />

Paraguay 5.5 -3.3 2.1 – 3.8 4.1 2.9 Paraguay<br />

Perú 8.6 3.0 0.2 5.2 3.9 5.2 6.5 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 5.9 7.9 2.3 5.0 -0.4 2.7 9.2 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 3.6 4.3 2.0 1.0 2.2 6.5 7.0 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 8.3 1.8 0.8 3.9 4.1 5.4 2.8 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 2.3 3.6 -9.6 1.9 4.3 3.6 7.3 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 2.8 4.0 5.9 1.9 6.1 7.7 5.7 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 4.0 6.9 4.2 7.9 13.4 6.5 7.0 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay -1.4 -1.4 -3.4 -11.0 2.2 11.8 6.6 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 4.0 3.7 3.4 -8.9 -7.7 17.9 9.3 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe b 0.5 3.9 0.3 -0.8 2.0 5.9 4.5 Latin America and the Caribbean b<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> c 0.4 4.0 0.3 -0.8 1.9 6.0 4.5 Latin America c<br />

Caribe d 3.1 3.5 1.7 3.6 6.1 3.8 4.2 Caribbean d<br />

a Pr<strong>el</strong>iminary fi gures.<br />

b The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba, but does inclu<strong>de</strong> the sum of gross domestic<br />

product at basic prices for Barbados, Dominica, Guyana and Jamaica.<br />

c The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.<br />

d Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the sum of gross domestic product at basic prices for Barbados, Dominica,<br />

Guyana and Jamaica.<br />

a Cifras pr<strong>el</strong>iminares.<br />

b En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye a Cuba. Se iIncluye la suma <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto a precios<br />

básicos <strong>de</strong> Barbados, Dominica, Guyana y Jamaica.<br />

c En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye a Cuba.<br />

d Se incluye la suma <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto a precios básicos <strong>de</strong> Barbados, Dominica,<br />

Guyana y Jamaica.


86 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.2 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: TASAS DE VARIACIÓN DEL PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO POR HABITANTE<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: GROWTH RATES OF PER CAPITA GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT<br />

(Tasa <strong>de</strong> variación anual / Annual rate of variation)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 a Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda -7.0 -0.2 0.8 1.7 3.5 4.0 4.4 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina -4.0 -1.8 -5.4 -11.7 7.8 8.0 8.2 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 2.6 0.4 -0.6 0.8 0.1 0.4 1.4 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 2.0 2.0 -2.9 0.2 1.8 4.5 3.6 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice -2.1 10.4 2.3 2.4 6.9 2.4 1.0 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 2.3 0.1 -0.6 0.1 0.5 1.3 1.8 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 2.6 2.8 -0.2 0.5 -0.9 3.4 0.9 Brazil<br />

Chile 8.8 3.2 2.2 1.0 2.8 5.0 5.2 Chile<br />

Colombia 3.2 1.1 -0.3 0.2 2.1 3.1 3.4 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 1.4 -0.5 -1.0 0.9 4.4 2.2 4.1 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 1.9 5.7 2.6 1.2 2.6 4.2 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 0.6 0.8 -4.5 -5.2 -0.1 2.9 3.1 Dominica<br />

Ecuador -0.1 1.3 3.8 2.8 2.2 6.1 2.5 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 4.2 0.2 -0.2 0.4 0.5 – 1.0 El Salvador<br />

Granada 2.6 6.7 -5.1 0.4 7.4 -3.3 4.6 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 2.5 1.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.4 0.1 0.7 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 4.8 -1.7 2.0 0.9 -0.9 1.4 -3.1 Guyana<br />

Haití 7.9 -1.0 -2.8 -2.1 -1.4 -5.2 – Haiti<br />

Honduras 1.1 3.0 – 0.1 0.9 2.5 1.6 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 1.6 – 0.9 0.6 1.8 0.5 1.0 Jamaica<br />

México -7.8 5.0 -1.5 -0.7 – 2.7 1.6 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 3.5 2.0 0.9 -1.3 0.5 3.1 1.9 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá -0.3 0.8 -1.3 0.4 2.3 5.7 4.5 Panama<br />

Paraguay 2.7 -5.8 -0.5 -2.5 1.3 1.6 0.5 Paraguay<br />

Perú 6.7 1.3 -1.3 3.6 2.4 3.7 4.9 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 4.1 6.1 0.6 3.3 -2.0 1.1 7.6 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 3.7 3.8 1.2 -0.1 1.0 5.2 5.7 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 7.7 1.3 0.3 3.4 3.6 4.8 2.2 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 1.1 2.8 -10.3 1.1 3.5 2.8 6.4 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 2.0 3.1 5.1 1.2 5.4 7.0 5.0 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 3.3 6.5 3.8 7.6 13.0 6.2 6.7 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay -2.2 -2.2 -4.1 -11.7 1.5 11.0 5.9 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 1.8 1.8 1.5 -10.5 -9.3 15.8 7.5 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe b -1.2 2.3 -1.3 -2.3 0.5 4.4 3.0 Latin America and the Caribbean b<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> c -1.3 2.3 -1.3 -2.3 0.4 4.4 3.0 Latin America c<br />

Caribe d 2.2 2.8 1.1 3.0 5.5 3.2 3.7 Caribbean d<br />

a Pr<strong>el</strong>iminary fi gures.<br />

b The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba, but does inclu<strong>de</strong> the sum of gross domestic product<br />

at basic prices for Barbados, Dominica, Guyana and Jamaica.<br />

c The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.<br />

d Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the sum of gross domestic product at basic prices for Barbados, Dominica,<br />

Guyana and Jamaica.<br />

a Cifras pr<strong>el</strong>iminares.<br />

b En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye a Cuba. Se iIncluye la suma <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto a precios<br />

básicos <strong>de</strong> Barbados, Dominica, Guyana y Jamaica.<br />

c En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye a Cuba.<br />

d Se incluye la suma <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto a precios básicos <strong>de</strong> Barbados, Dominica,<br />

Guyana y Jamaica.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 87<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.3 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO TOTAL, A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Millions of dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 538.7 665.3 680.5 700.9 733.9 772.0 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 250 382.8 284 345.9 271 809.2 242 197.4 263 599.6 287 401.7 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 4 040.1 5 003.7 5 044.0 5 158.7 5 233.3 5 328.3 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 1 492.8 1 758.9 1 713.2 1 721.2 1 755.9 1 839.7 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 621.8 832.4 870.8 911.9 995.5 1 041.3 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 7 091.1 8 397.9 8 539.3 8 747.5 8 990.6 9 312.7 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 539 057.6 601 732.7 609 615.4 621 381.0 624 736.4 655 348.5 Brazil<br />

Chile 61 347.7 75 197.0 77 736.4 79 434.3 82 545.6 87 633.3 Chile<br />

Colombia 80 029.5 83 766.6 84 999.2 86 642.8 89 985.3 94 283.0 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 12 536.4 15 946.5 16 118.5 16 584.8 17 646.5 18 377.5 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 22 537.8 28 206.0 29 042.7 29 488.5 30 357.6 31 720.5 Cuba<br />

Dominica 207.0 230.2 220.6 209.4 209.6 216.2 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 15 202.7 15 933.7 16 784.1 17 496.7 18 131.9 19 518.4 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 11 298.8 13 134.1 13 358.6 13 671.3 13 985.7 14 242.2 El Salvador<br />

Granada 299.1 409.6 389.4 391.1 420.5 407.9 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 15 890.9 19 288.9 19 738.7 20 182.7 20 613.1 21 162.1 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 517.6 592.5 606.0 612.8 608.9 618.5 Guyana<br />

Haití 3 236.3 3 664.5 3 626.2 3 617.1 3 630.2 3 502.4 Haiti<br />

Honduras 5 189.1 6 024.7 6 181.6 6 349.6 6 570.5 6 900.7 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 7 402.2 7 374.1 7 486.4 7 569.1 7 740.0 7 812.7 Jamaica<br />

México 445 336.0 580 791.4 580 600.8 585 082.7 593 216.9 617 901.7 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 3 082.2 3 938.1 4 054.7 4 085.2 4 188.2 4 403.6 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 9 266.4 11 620.6 11 687.3 11 947.8 12 450.3 13 391.6 Panama<br />

Paraguay 7 164.3 7 095.3 7 241.7 7 238.2 7 516.1 7 826.9 Paraguay<br />

Perú 47 170.5 53 335.5 53 448.7 56 204.8 58 397.2 61 445.1 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 16 270.3 23 416.5 23 954.0 25 159.6 25 058.5 25 728.2 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 263.2 329.2 335.8 339.0 346.4 368.9 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 287.4 335.0 337.8 351.1 365.6 385.2 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 594.4 684.7 619.2 631.3 658.6 682.5 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 716.3 774.6 820.3 836.1 887.0 955.2 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 5 665.9 8 154.3 8 494.2 9 167.1 10 394.9 11 071.1 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 18 092.3 20 085.5 19 405.6 17 264.8 17 640.3 19 725.4 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 112 851.4 117 147.6 121 123.9 110 397.6 101 878.3 120 068.3 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 1 683 142.7 1 972 007.6 1 977 642.3 1 962 285.3 2 001 131.2 2 119 672.7 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 1 660 496.1 1 944 863.0 1 950 024.0 1 933 685.9 1 970 781.3 2 088 173.4 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c 22 646.6 27 144.6 27 618.3 28 599.4 30 350.0 31 499.3 Caribbean c<br />

a The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba, but does inclu<strong>de</strong> the gross domestic product of Guatemala.<br />

b The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.<br />

c Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the sum of gross domestic product at basic prices for Barbados, Dominica, Guyana and Jamaica.<br />

a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba. Se incluye <strong>el</strong> producto interno bruto <strong>de</strong> Guatemala.<br />

b En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

c Se incluye la suma <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto a precios básicos <strong>de</strong> Barbados, Dominica, Guyana y Jamaica.


88 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.4 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO POR HABITANTE, A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: PER CAPITA GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 7 745.3 8 698.4 8 767.0 8 912.3 9 221.0 9 588.5 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 7 199.3 7 730.2 7 315.4 6 455.8 6 960.6 7 518.5 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 14 474.6 16 599.4 16 494.8 16 633.9 16 642.5 16 715.5 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 5 696.7 6 610.2 6 421.0 6 433.8 6 546.9 6 841.9 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 2 905.7 3 435.7 3 513.4 3 598.8 3 845.4 3 939.5 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 947.7 996.4 990.2 991.3 996.2 1 009.3 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 3 327.1 3 444.0 3 438.5 3 454.4 3 423.8 3 541.5 Brazil<br />

Chile 4 261.7 4 883.6 4 989.2 5 041.2 5 182.1 5 443.7 Chile<br />

Colombia 2 076.4 1 979.3 1 973.5 1 977.4 2 019.3 2 081.2 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 3 607.6 4 062.8 4 021.6 4 055.9 4 234.8 4 329.2 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 2 055.6 2 518.6 2 584.3 2 615.9 2 685.1 2 797.7 Cuba<br />

Dominica 2 757.0 2 958.6 2 826.4 2 678.2 2 676.8 2 753.4 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 1 333.9 1 295.5 1 344.9 1 381.9 1 411.8 1 498.3 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1 993.1 2 092.8 2 088.3 2 097.5 2 106.9 2 107.8 El Salvador<br />

Granada 3 007.6 4 031.5 3 827.2 3 840.9 4 125.7 3 989.0 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 1 588.5 1 718.4 1 716.3 1 712.1 1 705.8 1 708.1 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 706.9 796.7 812.6 819.9 812.9 824.4 Guyana<br />

Haití 424.6 438.5 426.1 417.3 411.3 389.7 Haiti<br />

Honduras 917.8 929.0 928.7 929.9 938.5 961.9 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 2 979.7 2 853.2 2 879.0 2 895.1 2 946.0 2 960.2 Jamaica<br />

México 4 886.0 5 873.6 5 784.4 5 744.7 5 742.6 5 899.7 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 688.5 794.4 801.5 791.4 795.0 819.3 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 3 470.6 3 941.9 3 890.6 3 904.5 3 995.6 4 221.8 Panama<br />

Paraguay 1 483.9 1 291.0 1 284.9 1 252.7 1 269.2 1 289.9 Paraguay<br />

Perú 1 978.9 2 056.2 2 028.6 2 101.2 2 151.1 2 230.6 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 2 111.7 2 789.0 2 806.2 2 899.6 2 841.4 2 871.5 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 6 536.8 8 137.4 8 235.9 8 230.0 8 312.3 8 743.0 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 2 544.0 2 889.3 2 898.6 2 996.1 3 103.3 3 252.8 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 4 019.7 4 433.6 3 977.8 4 022.9 4 163.7 4 279.7 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 1 727.8 1 784.8 1 875.1 1 897.3 1 999.3 2 139.4 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 4 499.2 6 347.3 6 590.0 7 088.9 8 012.9 8 507.6 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 5 622.2 6 019.0 5 773.8 5 100.4 5 176.1 5 747.5 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 5 119.6 4 818.7 4 891.1 4 377.7 3 968.5 4 595.9 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 3 603.0 3 890.3 3 841.4 3 754.0 3 771.4 3 936.5 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 3 602.2 3 886.0 3 835.9 3 745.8 3 760.5 3 925.9 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c 3 658.1 4 225.8 4 273.1 4 399.4 4 643.4 4 794.0 Caribbean c<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba. Se incluye la suma <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto a precios básicos <strong>de</strong> Barbados,<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba, but does inclu<strong>de</strong> the sum of gross domestic product at basic prices for<br />

Dominica, Guyana y Jamaica. Barbados, Dominica, Guyana and Jamaica.<br />

b b En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.<br />

c c Se incluye la suma <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto a precios básicos <strong>de</strong> Barbados, Dominica, Guyana y Jamaica.<br />

Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the sum of gross domestic product at basic prices for Barbados, Dominica, Guyana and Jamaica.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 89<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.5 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO TOTAL, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 493.6 665.3 697.4 714.6 754.3 818.4 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 258 096.4 284 346.2 268 831.1 102 041.6 129 595.6 153 129.3 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 3 429.4 5 003.7 5 131.5 5 389.4 5 502.6 5 661.0 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 1 871.2 2 591.3 2 548.8 2 476.1 2 695.0 2 812.6 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 620.0 832.1 868.5 926.7 980.8 1 035.6 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 6 715.4 8 397.9 8 141.5 7 924.4 8 089.5 8 773.1 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 704 167.8 601 732.7 508 432.4 460 837.5 505 731.1 603 948.2 Brazil<br />

Chile 72 064.8 75 197.0 68 568.5 67 265.8 73 693.9 95 025.7 Chile<br />

Colombia 92 503.0 83 766.6 81 995.3 81 242.8 79 410.8 96 783.2 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 11 715.8 15 946.3 16 403.4 16 844.2 17 514.4 18 558.0 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 22 032.4 28 206.0 29 557.0 30 680.2 32 337.2 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 220.6 271.2 266.1 255.6 271.2 285.7 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 20 195.5 15 933.7 21 249.6 24 899.5 28 690.9 32 964.2 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 9 500.5 13 134.1 13 812.7 14 306.7 15 046.7 15 821.6 El Salvador<br />

Granada 276.3 409.6 395.4 407.5 443.8 437.1 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 14 656.1 19 288.9 20 979.6 23 303.9 24 883.8 27 317.1 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 535.7 668.7 660.9 671.1 700.1 756.6 Guyana<br />

Haití 2 695.5 3 664.5 3 508.1 3 214.6 2 826.7 3 660.5 Haiti<br />

Honduras 3 960.2 6 024.7 6 400.0 6 579.5 6 945.1 7 538.2 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 5 799.8 7 889.0 8 115.5 8 471.0 8 190.1 8 825.3 Jamaica<br />

México 286 165.9 580 791.4 621 866.5 648 629.1 638 798.1 683 067.1 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 3 184.6 3 938.1 4 124.7 4 026.0 4 102.0 4 496.4 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 9 041.9 11 620.5 11 807.5 12 272.4 12 933.2 14 204.2 Panama<br />

Paraguay 8 065.7 7 095.3 6 445.7 5 091.5 5 551.8 6 949.8 Paraguay<br />

Perú 53 666.2 53 335.5 53 953.7 57 059.1 61 503.6 69 662.0 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 15 369.1 23 416.5 24 590.0 24 957.1 19 498.2 21 717.9 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 229.5 329.2 342.2 350.5 364.6 404.5 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 263.9 335.0 345.5 365.2 382.4 415.1 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 552.8 684.7 655.5 672.8 708.4 764.8 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 566.6 774.6 664.7 954.6 1 121.8 1 285.3 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 5 570.1 8 154.3 8 824.8 9 008.3 10 691.1 12 210.8 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 19 297.7 20 085.5 18 560.7 12 276.7 11 190.8 13 216.2 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 74 888.7 117 147.6 122 909.7 92 889.6 83 522.5 109 763.8 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 1 686 380.4 1 973 471.8 1 912 097.5 1 696 325.7 1 762 334.6 2 022 309.5 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 1 665 950.8 1 944 863.1 1 882 580.8 1 665 662.2 1 729 528.5 1 986 596.6 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 20 429.6 28 608.7 29 516.7 30 663.5 32 806.1 35 712.9 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


90 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.6 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO POR HABITANTE, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: PER CAPITA GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 7 097.3 8 698.4 8 984.3 9 086.8 9 478.1 10 164.7 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 7 421.0 7 730.2 7 235.2 2 719.9 3 422.1 4 005.9 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 12 286.5 16 599.4 16 780.8 17 378.0 17 499.2 17 759.4 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 7 140.6 9 738.5 9 552.7 9 255.8 10 048.1 10 460.4 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 2 897.5 3 434.4 3 504.3 3 657.2 3 788.8 3 918.0 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 897.5 996.4 944.1 898.1 896.3 950.8 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 4 346.2 3 444.0 2 867.8 2 561.9 2 771.6 3 263.7 Brazil<br />

Chile 5 006.2 4 883.6 4 400.8 4 268.9 4 626.4 5 903.0 Chile<br />

Colombia 2 400.1 1 979.3 1 903.8 1 854.1 1 782.0 2 136.4 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 3 371.5 4 062.8 4 092.7 4 119.4 4 203.1 4 371.7 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 2 009.5 2 518.6 2 630.1 2 721.6 2 860.2 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 2 938.2 3 484.8 3 409.4 3 268.9 3 462.7 3 638.0 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 1 772.0 1 295.5 1 702.7 1 966.6 2 234.0 2 530.5 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1 675.9 2 092.8 2 159.3 2 195.0 2 266.7 2 341.5 El Salvador<br />

Granada 2 778.6 4 031.5 3 885.8 4 002.6 4 353.8 4 274.4 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 1 465.0 1 718.4 1 824.2 1 976.9 2 059.2 2 204.9 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 731.6 899.2 886.2 897.9 934.8 1 008.5 Guyana<br />

Haití 353.7 438.5 412.2 370.9 320.2 407.3 Haiti<br />

Honduras 700.4 929.0 961.5 963.6 992.0 1 050.8 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 2 334.7 3 052.4 3 121.0 3 240.1 3 117.4 3 343.9 Jamaica<br />

México 3 139.7 5 873.6 6 195.6 6 368.7 6 183.9 6 521.9 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 711.3 794.4 815.3 779.9 778.7 836.5 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 3 386.5 3 941.8 3 930.6 4 010.6 4 150.6 4 478.0 Panama<br />

Paraguay 1 670.6 1 291.0 1 143.7 881.2 937.5 1 145.3 Paraguay<br />

Perú 2 251.4 2 056.2 2 047.8 2 133.1 2 265.5 2 528.8 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 1 994.7 2 789.0 2 880.7 2 876.2 2 210.9 2 423.9 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 5 697.9 8 137.4 8 394.1 8 510.6 8 748.6 9 588.2 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 2 336.1 2 889.3 2 964.1 3 117.0 3 245.8 3 505.5 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 3 738.8 4 433.6 4 210.4 4 287.7 4 478.1 4 795.9 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 1 366.6 1 784.8 1 519.3 2 166.2 2 528.7 2 878.9 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 4 423.1 6 347.3 6 846.5 6 966.1 8 241.2 9 383.5 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 5 996.8 6 019.0 5 522.4 3 626.8 3 283.7 3 850.9 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 3 397.4 4 818.7 4 963.2 3 683.5 3 253.4 4 201.5 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 3 609.9 3 893.2 3 714.1 3 245.2 3 321.4 3 755.7 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 3 614.1 3 886.0 3 703.3 3 226.6 3 300.2 3 734.9 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 3 300.0 4 453.8 4 566.8 4 717.0 5 019.2 5 435.3 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 91<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.7 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO POR CLASE DE ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA, A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, BY KIND OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Millions of dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

Rubro 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Item<br />

1. Agricultura, caza, silvicultura y pesca 107 066.5 119 574.5 124 238.1 127 096.4 132 266.4 137 144.3 1. Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fi shing<br />

2. Explotación <strong>de</strong> minas y canteras 56 507.7 70 397.8 72 243.9 70 500.9 73 850.1 78 198.2 2. Mining and quarrying<br />

3. Industrias manufactureras 310 346.8 355 814.0 348 836.2 345 498.7 351 539.1 378 785.1 3. Manufacturing<br />

4. Construcción 105 150.8 119 334.4 116 388.7 112 061.0 110 483.9 120 518.7 4. Construction<br />

5. Electricidad, gas y agua 35 712.3 44 850.6 44 412.4 45 234.0 46 533.6 48 589.7 5. Electricity, gas and water<br />

6. Transportes, almacenamiento y comunicaciones 112 324.3 151 230.1 155 582.9 157 758.1 164 320.7 178 332.7 6. Transport, storage and communications<br />

7. Comercio al por mayor y al por menor, restaurantes 7. Wholesale and retail tra<strong>de</strong>, restaurants and<br />

y hot<strong>el</strong>es 219 188.8 263 790.4 260 552.1 252 658.9 258 577.2 277 946.9 hot<strong>el</strong>s<br />

8. Establecimientos fi nancieros, seguros, bienes 8. Finance, insurance, real estate and business<br />

inmuebles y servicios prestados a las empresas 251 229.4 293 678.7 297 716.3 299 121.2 302 689.9 314 263.6 services<br />

9. Servicios comunales, sociales y personales 380 831.5 422 420.0 424 718.4 425 907.9 430 498.0 441 899.4 9. Community, social and personal services<br />

Comisión imputada <strong>de</strong> los servicios bancarios 46 746.6 46 981.9 48 710.6 48 240.3 48 442.1 51 021.6 Computed commission for banking services<br />

Impuesto al valor agregado y <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> importación 155 255.5 177 743.7 180 336.0 173 678.8 172 674.1 188 402.0 Value ad<strong>de</strong>d tax and import duties<br />

Producto interno bruto a 1 683 142.7 1 972 007.6 1 977 642.3 1 962 285.3 2 001 131.2 2 119 672.7 Gross domestic product a<br />

Discrepancia -3 724.4 155.4 1 327.9 1 009.7 6 140.3 6 613.7 Difference<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba. Se incluye la suma <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto a precios básicos <strong>de</strong> Barbados,<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba, but does inclu<strong>de</strong> the sum of gross domestic product at basic<br />

Dominica, Guyana y Jamaica prices for Barbados, Dominica, Guyana and Jamaica.<br />

2.1.1.8 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: TASAS DE VARIACIÓN DEL PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO POR CLASE DE ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: GROWTH RATES OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, BY KIND OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY<br />

(Tasa <strong>de</strong> variación anual / Annual rate of variation)<br />

Rubro 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Item<br />

1. Agricultura, caza, silvicultura y pesca 3.9 1.8 3.9 2.3 4.1 3.7 1. Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fi shing<br />

2. Explotación <strong>de</strong> minas y canteras 5.9 4.0 2.6 -2.4 4.8 5.9 2. Mining and quarrying<br />

3. Industrias manufactureras -0.3 4.2 -2.0 -1.0 1.7 7.8 3. Manufacturing<br />

4. Construcción -6.3 0.7 -2.5 -3.7 -1.4 9.1 4. Construction<br />

5. Electricidad, gas y agua 5.7 4.8 -1.0 1.9 2.9 4.4 5. Electricity, gas and water<br />

6. Transportes, almacenamiento y comunicaciones 2.6 7.0 2.9 1.4 4.2 8.5 6. Transport, storage and communications<br />

7. Comercio al por mayor y al por menor, restaurantes 7. Wholesale and retail tra<strong>de</strong>, restaurants and<br />

y hot<strong>el</strong>es -5.2 6.2 -1.2 -3.0 2.3 7.5 hot<strong>el</strong>s<br />

8. Establecimientos fi nancieros, seguros, bienes 8. Finance, insurance, real estate and business<br />

inmuebles y servicios prestados a las empresas 0.1 3.8 1.4 0.5 1.2 3.8 services<br />

9. Servicios comunales, sociales y personales 0.4 2.1 0.5 0.3 1.1 2.6 9. Community, social and personal services<br />

Comisión imputada <strong>de</strong> los servicios bancarios -12.5 3.1 3.7 -1.0 0.4 5.3 Computed commission for banking services<br />

Impuesto al valor agregado y <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> importación 1.0 4.9 1.5 -3.7 -0.6 9.1 Value ad<strong>de</strong>d tax and import duties<br />

Producto interno bruto a 0.5 3.9 0.3 -0.8 2.0 5.9 Gross domestic product a<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba. Se incluye la suma <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto a precios básicos <strong>de</strong> Barbados,<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba, but does inclu<strong>de</strong> the sum of gross domestic product at basic<br />

Dominica, Guyana y Jamaica. prices for Barbados, Dominica, Guyana and Jamaica.


92 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.9 AMÉRICA LATINA: PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO POR CLASE DE ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA, A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, BY KIND OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Millions of dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

Rubro 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Item<br />

1. Agricultura, caza, silvicultura y pesca 105 585.0 118 158.8 122 797.0 125 650.8 130 791.8 135 733.3 1. Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fi shing<br />

2. Explotación <strong>de</strong> minas y canteras 54 441.8 67 309.5 68 993.5 66 887.8 69 265.5 73 280.3 2. Mining and quarrying<br />

3. Industrias manufactureras 308 154.1 353 541.8 346 472.1 343 118.0 349 134.3 376 268.8 3. Manufacturing<br />

4. Construcción 103 294.1 117 103.5 114 126.9 109 788.4 108 038.3 117 932.2 4. Construction<br />

5. Electricidad, gas y agua 35 097.3 44 049.8 43 575.3 44 358.5 45 622.4 47 661.2 5. Electricity, gas and water<br />

6. Transportes, almacenamiento y comunicaciones 110 369.5 148 403.5 152 655.5 154 680.0 161 139.1 175 063.5 6. Transport, storage and communications<br />

7. Comercio al por mayor y al por menor, 7. Wholesale and retail tra<strong>de</strong>, restaurants and<br />

restaurantes y hot<strong>el</strong>es 214 642.3 258 337.2 255 136.1 247 317.4 253 071.1 272 316.2 hot<strong>el</strong>s<br />

8. Establecimientos fi nancieros, seguros, bienes 8. Finance, insurance, real estate and business<br />

inmuebles y servicios prestados a las empresas 247 913.3 289 302.9 293 328.5 294 502.4 297 847.1 309 186.5 services<br />

9. Servicios comunales, sociales y personales 376 040.1 417 516.0 419 842.2 420 908.9 425 346.5 436 640.7 9. Community, social and personal services<br />

Comisión imputada <strong>de</strong> los servicios bancarios 45 795.5 45 693.8 47 499.9 47 026.1 47 110.1 49 590.9 Computed commission for banking services<br />

Impuesto al valor agregado y <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> importación 154 552.2 176 833.9 179 441.8 172 724.6 171 683.0 187 334.7 Value ad<strong>de</strong>d tax and import duties<br />

Producto interno bruto a 1 660 496.1 1 944 863.0 1 950 024.0 1 933 685.9 1 970 781.3 2 088 173.4 Gross domestic product a<br />

Discrepancia -3 798.1 – 1 154.9 775.2 5 952.3 6 347.0 Difference<br />

a The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.<br />

a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

2.1.1.10 AMÉRICA LATINA: TASAS DE VARIACIÓN DEL PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO POR CLASE DE ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA<br />

LATIN AMERICA: GROWTH RATES OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, BY KIND OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY<br />

(Tasa <strong>de</strong> variación anual / Annual rate of variation)<br />

Rubro 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Item<br />

1. Agricultura, caza, silvicultura y pesca 3.9 1.9 3.9 2.3 4.1 3.8 1. Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fi shing<br />

2. Explotación <strong>de</strong> minas y canteras 6.1 3.8 2.5 -3.1 3.6 5.8 2. Mining and quarrying<br />

3. Industrias manufactureras -0.3 4.2 -2.0 -1.0 1.8 7.8 3. Manufacturing<br />

4. Construcción -6.4 0.6 -2.5 -3.8 -1.6 9.2 4. Construction<br />

5. Electricidad, gas y agua 5.7 4.9 -1.1 1.8 2.8 4.5 5. Electricity, gas and water<br />

6. Transportes, almacenamiento y comunicaciones 2.5 7.0 2.9 1.3 4.2 8.6 6. Transport, storage and communications<br />

7. Comercio al por mayor y al por menor, restaurantes 7. Wholesale and retail tra<strong>de</strong>, restaurants and<br />

y hot<strong>el</strong>es -5.3 6.3 -1.2 -3.1 2.3 7.6 hot<strong>el</strong>s<br />

8. Establecimientos fi nancieros, seguros, bienes 8. Finance, insurance, real estate and business<br />

inmuebles y servicios prestados a las empresas 0.1 3.7 1.4 0.4 1.1 3.8 services<br />

9. Servicios comunales, sociales y personales 0.4 2.1 0.6 0.3 1.1 2.7 9. Community, social and personal services<br />

Comisión imputada <strong>de</strong> los servicios bancarios -12.8 3.0 4.0 -1.0 0.2 5.3 Computed commission for banking services<br />

Impuesto al valor agregado y <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> importación 1.0 4.9 1.5 -3.7 -0.6 9.1 Value ad<strong>de</strong>d tax and import duties<br />

Producto interno bruto a 0.4 4.0 0.3 -0.8 1.9 6.0 Gross domestic product a<br />

a The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.<br />

a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 93<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.11 CARIBE: PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO POR CLASE DE ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA, A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

CARIBBEAN: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, BY KIND OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Millions of dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

Rubro 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Item<br />

1. Agricultura, caza, silvicultura y pesca 1 481.5 1 415.7 1 441.2 1 445.6 1 474.6 1 411.0 1. Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fi shing<br />

2. Explotación <strong>de</strong> minas y canteras 2 065.9 3 088.3 3 250.4 3 613.1 4 584.6 4 917.9 2. Mining and quarrying<br />

3. Industrias manufactureras 2 192.8 2 272.1 2 364.1 2 380.7 2 404.8 2 516.4 3. Manufacturing<br />

4. Construcción 1 856.8 2 230.8 2 261.8 2 272.6 2 445.6 2 586.5 4. Construction<br />

5. Electricidad, gas y agua 615.1 800.8 837.1 875.5 911.2 928.5 5. Electricity, gas and water<br />

6. Transportes, almacenamiento y comunicaciones 1 954.7 2 826.6 2 927.4 3 078.1 3 181.6 3 269.2 6. Transport, storage and communications<br />

7. Comercio al por mayor y al por menor, restaurantes 7. Wholesale and retail tra<strong>de</strong>, restaurants and<br />

y hot<strong>el</strong>es 4 546.5 5 453.2 5 416.0 5 341.5 5 506.1 5 630.7 hot<strong>el</strong>s<br />

8. Establecimientos fi nancieros, seguros, bienes 8. Finance, insurance, real estate and business<br />

inmuebles y servicios prestados a las empresas 3 316.1 4 375.8 4 387.7 4 618.7 4 842.8 5 077.1 services<br />

9. Servicios comunales, sociales y personales 4 791.4 4 904.1 4 876.2 4 999.0 5 151.5 5 258.7 9. Community, social and personal services<br />

Comisión imputada <strong>de</strong> los servicios bancarios 951.1 1 288.1 1 210.7 1 214.2 1 331.9 1 430.7 Computed commission for banking services<br />

Impuesto al valor agregado y <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> importación 703.3 909.8 894.1 954.2 991.1 1 067.3 Value ad<strong>de</strong>d tax and import duties<br />

Producto interno bruto a 22 646.6 27 144.6 27 618.3 28 599.4 30 350.0 31 499.3 Gross domestic product a<br />

Discrepancia 73.7 155.4 173.0 234.5 188.0 266.7 Difference<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the sum of gross domestic product at basic prices for Barbados, Dominica, Guyana and Jamaica.<br />

a Se incluye la suma <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto a precios básicos <strong>de</strong> Barbados, Dominica, Guyana y Jamaica.<br />

2.1.1.12 CARIBE: TASAS DE VARIACIÓN DEL PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO POR CLASE DE ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA<br />

CARIBBEAN: GROWTH RATES OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, BY KIND OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY<br />

(Tasa <strong>de</strong> variación anual / Annual rate of variation)<br />

Rubro 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Item<br />

1. Agricultura, caza, silvicultura y pesca 2.3 -4.2 1.8 0.3 2.0 -4.3 1. Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fi shing<br />

2. Explotación <strong>de</strong> minas y canteras -0.3 10.2 5.3 11.2 26.9 7.3 2. Mining and quarrying<br />

3. Industrias manufactureras 1.0 5.3 4.0 0.7 1.0 4.6 3. Manufacturing<br />

4. Construcción 4.7 5.8 1.4 0.5 7.6 5.8 4. Construction<br />

5. Electricidad, gas y agua 4.7 2.0 4.5 4.6 4.1 1.9 5. Electricity, gas and water<br />

6. Transportes, almacenamiento y comunicaciones 8.9 7.2 3.6 5.1 3.4 2.8 6. Transport, storage and communications<br />

7. Comercio al por mayor y al por menor, restaurantes 7. Wholesale and retail tra<strong>de</strong>, restaurants and<br />

y hot<strong>el</strong>es 2.5 1.0 -0.7 -1.4 3.1 2.3 hot<strong>el</strong>s<br />

8. Establecimientos fi nancieros, seguros, bienes 8. Finance, insurance, real estate and business<br />

inmuebles y servicios prestados a las empresas 0.9 6.8 0.3 5.3 4.9 4.8 services<br />

9. Servicios comunales, sociales y personales 1.7 -1.3 -0.6 2.5 3.0 2.1 9. Community, social and personal services<br />

Comisión imputada <strong>de</strong> los servicios bancarios 2.1 7.6 -6.0 0.3 9.7 7.4 Computed commission for banking services<br />

Impuesto al valor agregado y <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> importación 4.3 1.1 -1.7 6.7 3.9 7.7 Value ad<strong>de</strong>d tax and import duties<br />

Producto interno bruto a 3.1 3.5 1.7 3.6 6.1 3.8 Gross domestic product a<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the sum of gross domestic product at basic prices for Barbados, Dominica, Guyana and Jamaica.<br />

a Se incluye la suma <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto a precios básicos <strong>de</strong> Barbados, Dominica, Guyana y Jamaica.


94 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.13 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VALOR AGREGADO DE LA AGRICULTURA, CAZA, SILVICULTURA Y PESCA A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: AGGREGATE VALUE OF AGRICULTURE, HUNTING, FORESTRY AND FISHING AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Millions of dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 19.8 22.6 22.6 22.8 23.4 24.0 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 12 241.5 13 306.7 13 446.4 13 139.8 14 042.5 13 827.7 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 111.4 119.9 111.6 134.7 128.2 113.2 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 82.6 95.0 86.0 82.4 79.2 74.7 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 84.3 121.9 121.5 122.1 169.7 185.3 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 962.8 1 088.9 1 126.5 1 132.4 1 224.7 1 228.3 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 37 316.2 42 760.8 45 223.8 47 729.2 49 872.3 52 515.5 Brazil<br />

Chile 3 560.5 4 162.2 4 475.7 4 781.5 4 906.4 5 375.7 Chile<br />

Colombia 10 499.1 10 837.6 10 798.3 10 811.6 11 107.2 11 572.5 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 1 166.8 1 372.7 1 391.8 1 346.4 1 445.8 1 447.4 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 1 604.5 2 017.7 2 035.7 1 984.5 2 032.0 2 047.1 Cuba<br />

Dominica 42.3 41.7 38.9 38.7 37.4 38.7 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 1 352.3 1 692.6 1 754.3 1 848.8 1 931.8 1 940.4 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1 222.3 1 286.1 1 252.1 1 257.1 1 268.4 1 306.4 El Salvador<br />

Granada 26.6 25.9 25.1 29.9 29.2 27.0 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 3 837.5 4 402.0 4 453.0 4 533.6 4 676.1 4 848.0 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 198.6 213.7 221.0 228.6 223.4 229.7 Guyana<br />

Haití 893.3 829.7 837.5 806.2 808.1 769.3 Haiti<br />

Honduras 789.2 845.5 841.4 882.9 906.0 969.0 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 627.9 493.3 524.6 487.9 511.4 465.7 Jamaica<br />

México 19 572.4 21 358.0 22 626.7 22 413.1 23 274.1 24 025.7 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 565.6 728.0 747.6 745.7 760.2 796.1 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 636.6 791.3 842.5 870.5 951.2 966.5 Panama<br />

Paraguay 1 196.4 1 203.2 1 343.3 1 399.1 1 511.4 1 570.4 Paraguay<br />

Perú 3 190.3 4 137.6 4 133.6 4 385.7 4 436.3 4 580.4 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 1 367.2 1 501.4 1 643.1 1 686.6 1 742.0 1 784.3 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 7.9 7.8 8.6 9.8 8.5 9.6 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 33.8 30.5 28.2 30.4 29.7 28.1 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 59.3 42.6 32.2 31.0 26.9 28.3 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 88.2 90.2 100.5 96.6 100.8 102.3 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 98.9 110.7 120.3 130.8 106.9 84.4 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 1 287.0 1 247.0 1 158.0 1 217.0 1 346.4 1 488.8 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 3 928.2 4 607.4 4 701.3 4 663.6 4 580.8 4 720.9 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 107 066.5 119 574.5 124 238.1 127 096.4 132 266.4 137 144.3 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 105 585.0 118 158.8 122 797.0 125 650.8 130 791.8 135 733.3 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 1 481.5 1 415.7 1 441.2 1 445.6 1 474.6 1 411.0 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 95<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.14 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VALOR AGREGADO DE LA EXPLOTACIÓN DE MINAS Y CANTERAS, A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: AGGREGATE VALUE OF MINING AND QUARRYING, AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Millions of dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 7.6 9.9 10.1 10.3 10.9 9.5 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 6 796.0 7 101.6 7 432.1 7 153.9 7 420.2 7 389.7 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 69.3 46.8 48.4 48.5 55.1 57.2 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 10.8 15.7 13.7 12.8 11.9 12.6 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 3.6 4.5 4.7 4.4 4.4 4.7 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 494.0 550.6 542.2 556.3 579.9 632.3 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 9 580.5 13 807.0 14 242.5 15 129.7 15 631.6 15 522.2 Brazil<br />

Chile 3 310.6 5 270.7 5 569.6 5 334.4 5 628.4 6 024.8 Chile<br />

Colombia 3 799.4 5 193.0 4 875.9 4 851.3 5 515.9 5 682.9 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 20.4 24.0 25.5 24.7 25.7 27.7 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 292.7 423.2 408.2 459.0 467.2 475.0 Cuba<br />

Dominica 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.4 1.6 1.6 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 3 219.5 3 429.7 3 466.4 3 379.6 3 582.6 4 451.8 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 48.6 52.7 58.8 62.1 64.2 53.9 El Salvador<br />

Granada 1.1 2.8 2.2 1.9 2.7 2.0 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 60.1 100.4 101.1 111.0 115.6 106.1 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 71.5 94.5 98.4 91.6 83.6 78.2 Guyana<br />

Haití 7.8 7.9 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.3 Haiti<br />

Honduras 80.7 100.9 100.0 104.2 107.6 105.1 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 288.3 321.7 330.2 341.2 357.7 366.9 Jamaica<br />

México 6 292.8 7 421.9 7 531.0 7 561.6 7 838.4 8 108.1 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 15.0 29.1 33.1 34.9 31.2 37.4 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 37.4 79.1 75.9 89.6 121.4 136.8 Panama<br />

Paraguay 9.9 8.2 7.5 6.8 7.9 8.1 Paraguay<br />

Perú 2 020.0 2 781.7 3 057.2 3 423.5 3 608.6 3 796.6 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 188.4 184.7 148.4 144.6 156.2 165.5 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 0.7 1.1 1.1 1.3 0.7 0.8 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 2.0 2.9 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 28.5 34.5 43.1 39.4 39.4 51.7 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 1 579.9 2 551.3 2 693.8 3 057.4 4 013.8 4 329.8 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 43.4 63.4 60.1 37.5 42.8 45.9 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 18 417.5 21 103.2 21 658.7 18 874.4 18 779.6 20 978.1 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 56 507.7 70 397.8 72 243.9 70 500.9 73 850.1 78 198.2 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 54 441.8 67 309.5 68 993.5 66 887.8 69 265.5 73 280.3 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 2 065.9 3 088.3 3 250.4 3 613.1 4 584.6 4 917.9 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


96 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.15 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VALOR AGREGADO DE LAS INDUSTRIAS MANUFACTURERAS, A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: AGGREGATE VALUE OF MANUFACTURING, AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Millions of dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 10.4 13.0 13.4 13.8 14.9 14.3 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 44 755.8 46 900.5 43 448.1 38 688.2 44 865.3 50 239.3 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 160.5 199.3 225.1 230.0 228.6 221.4 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 130.1 134.4 123.4 123.7 122.8 125.1 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 60.2 79.6 79.1 80.3 79.9 89.6 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 968.0 1 112.0 1 141.9 1 149.8 1 191.2 1 252.0 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 115 874.6 120 330.8 120 820.5 124 713.7 125 433.5 135 091.9 Brazil<br />

Chile 12 019.7 13 249.8 13 331.2 13 583.3 14 029.8 15 036.1 Chile<br />

Colombia 12 073.9 12 205.6 12 367.7 12 688.8 13 259.6 14 183.8 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 2 520.0 3 677.2 3 343.6 3 457.2 3 748.6 3 882.6 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 4 232.1 5 019.7 4 989.5 4 997.1 4 898.0 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 17.9 20.2 17.4 17.0 17.2 17.6 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 1 371.0 809.9 903.9 961.0 965.2 942.9 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 2 395.6 3 030.7 3 153.4 3 245.4 3 318.1 3 346.6 El Salvador<br />

Granada 15.7 25.5 23.7 22.8 22.3 19.0 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 2 242.7 2 540.3 2 568.5 2 589.0 2 615.6 2 676.8 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 19.5 18.8 19.3 21.4 21.3 21.8 Guyana<br />

Haití 343.7 352.0 352.4 358.0 359.4 350.5 Haiti<br />

Honduras 824.1 1 024.8 1 077.6 1 118.7 1 159.9 1 206.8 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 1 165.8 1 012.1 1 020.1 1 010.9 1 002.0 1 031.6 Jamaica<br />

México 73 555.6 107 195.9 103 105.0 102 433.4 101 132.9 105 141.2 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 461.0 593.6 628.3 641.4 657.0 713.2 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 1 124.2 1 099.6 1 030.4 1 003.4 969.3 1 003.6 Panama<br />

Paraguay 1 119.3 1 117.0 1 109.1 1 093.5 1 101.5 1 137.8 Paraguay<br />

Perú 7 104.3 7 696.4 7 746.4 8 202.8 8 468.3 9 094.0 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 3 754.1 5 508.0 5 444.7 5 717.9 5 695.6 5 807.7 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 20.1 29.5 31.4 30.2 30.1 32.4 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 19.5 17.0 18.0 16.9 17.0 17.5 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 31.3 29.2 27.7 29.1 29.3 28.6 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 76.1 118.0 133.7 128.8 136.1 149.0 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 465.6 575.5 631.7 655.8 683.3 748.5 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 3 355.5 3 391.6 3 135.2 2 698.5 2 824.6 3 412.5 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 22 291.0 21 706.3 21 764.3 18 774.1 17 339.0 21 749.3 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 310 346.8 355 814.0 348 836.2 345 498.7 351 539.1 378 785.1 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 308 154.1 353 541.8 346 472.1 343 118.0 349 134.3 376 268.8 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 2 192.8 2 272.1 2 364.1 2 380.7 2 404.8 2 516.4 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 97<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.16 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VALOR AGREGADO DE LOS SECTORES DE ELECTRICIDAD, GAS Y AGUA, A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: AGGREGATE VALUE OF THE ELECTRICITY, GAS AND WATER SECTORS, AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Millions of dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 11.4 17.2 17.5 18.2 17.7 18.9 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 4 924.7 6 587.3 6 658.3 6 458.7 6 907.4 7 358.9 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 142.1 175.1 194.9 201.8 213.3 218.5 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 57.2 70.9 73.5 74.8 76.9 78.6 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 24.4 29.2 29.3 30.1 32.7 32.2 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 206.5 244.2 245.9 251.3 258.9 264.6 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 14 923.3 18 616.7 17 568.5 18 102.6 18 587.8 19 442.8 Brazil<br />

Chile 2 029.5 2 303.5 2 338.5 2 415.2 2 519.7 2 651.8 Chile<br />

Colombia 2 867.1 2 987.2 3 078.2 3 103.1 3 169.9 3 256.1 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 219.4 370.7 424.0 417.5 437.7 465.4 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 428.7 600.9 607.3 622.0 641.6 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 9.2 12.6 13.0 13.1 12.8 13.6 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 103.4 169.0 170.0 184.0 185.2 185.3 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 171.2 222.2 232.5 249.6 260.6 269.3 El Salvador<br />

Granada 12.1 17.2 18.4 19.0 20.2 18.5 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 478.3 801.8 777.8 848.5 886.2 939.0 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 27.4 24.7 18.0 18.4 19.0 21.1 Haiti<br />

Honduras 167.6 246.3 241.8 255.3 281.2 299.2 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 199.7 253.0 254.8 266.6 279.2 279.0 Jamaica<br />

México 4 422.3 5 911.1 6 046.5 6 105.1 6 196.2 6 369.6 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 88.6 116.7 126.4 128.1 134.6 141.3 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 227.9 340.0 324.1 346.4 351.3 373.6 Panama<br />

Paraguay 152.2 162.6 165.8 167.6 175.2 181.6 Paraguay<br />

Perú 908.7 1 224.5 1 244.4 1 312.2 1 367.5 1 429.8 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 240.8 382.3 440.0 469.5 434.2 363.1 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 4.1 5.6 5.8 6.4 7.0 7.6 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 13.4 18.1 20.2 20.7 22.2 23.8 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 24.4 32.2 33.7 32.9 33.5 32.2 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 27.7 28.8 29.5 32.5 32.0 34.9 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 89.4 141.0 146.7 159.5 163.7 170.9 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 634.7 826.2 840.0 835.0 773.1 787.4 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 2 303.9 2 513.0 2 634.6 2 690.4 2 676.6 2 861.2 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 35 712.3 44 850.6 44 412.4 45 234.0 46 533.6 48 589.7 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 35 097.3 44 049.8 43 575.3 44 358.5 45 622.4 47 661.2 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 615.1 800.8 837.1 875.5 911.2 928.5 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


98 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.17 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VALOR AGREGADO DE LA CONSTRUCCIÓN, A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: AGGREGATE VALUE OF CONSTRUCTION, AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Millions of dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 48.2 73.8 76.7 79.4 84.7 86.9 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 11 596.8 13 314.7 11 770.2 7 839.3 10 533.2 13 630.7 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 202.2 425.1 368.5 391.5 401.4 371.8 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 80.7 124.6 133.1 143.3 144.1 148.2 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 28.3 41.4 42.0 43.5 35.8 37.4 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 205.7 254.7 236.9 277.2 212.9 215.5 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 42 745.9 48 582.0 47 289.7 46 414.8 44 001.3 46 509.3 Brazil<br />

Chile 5 053.9 5 318.1 5 536.1 5 675.1 5 920.5 6 168.5 Chile<br />

Colombia 5 276.2 3 054.8 3 172.8 3 564.6 4 037.6 4 465.2 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 707.7 585.5 609.5 642.1 679.6 707.0 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 1 154.1 1 761.1 1 667.0 1 627.4 1 698.7 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 19.2 19.3 18.9 14.1 15.7 16.3 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 1 222.1 1 126.9 1 348.8 1 618.9 1 608.4 1 657.3 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 509.7 572.1 627.2 669.0 690.2 611.3 El Salvador<br />

Granada 20.6 35.8 29.0 29.3 37.0 36.6 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 343.7 374.9 420.5 356.2 344.4 276.8 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 22.6 29.2 29.8 28.7 30.3 31.5 Guyana<br />

Haití 558.7 745.8 750.7 757.9 772.2 751.6 Haiti<br />

Honduras 276.0 280.1 265.5 227.9 259.2 256.1 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 853.3 721.3 738.2 757.0 768.1 806.2 Jamaica<br />

México 19 985.3 27 334.7 25 783.6 26 337.3 27 205.2 28 855.8 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 203.7 244.3 249.3 216.2 222.1 245.8 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 364.9 575.2 449.9 417.8 553.6 630.6 Panama<br />

Paraguay 415.0 325.6 320.9 292.3 334.3 341.4 Paraguay<br />

Perú 3 015.2 2 850.4 2 663.8 2 873.5 2 996.9 3 136.9 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 942.2 1 336.6 1 288.2 1 363.3 1 192.6 1 114.9 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 26.2 45.4 47.3 44.7 39.0 39.5 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 31.6 31.8 34.1 33.1 35.8 41.1 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 42.3 48.5 46.1 43.8 42.2 43.5 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 35.0 26.1 27.2 27.4 32.1 35.3 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 446.7 608.4 670.9 636.8 779.5 892.2 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 1 110.9 1 187.6 1 084.1 845.9 785.9 844.6 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 8 760.6 9 039.7 10 259.2 9 399.1 5 688.3 7 513.1 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 105 150.8 119 334.4 116 388.7 112 061.0 110 483.9 120 518.7 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 103 294.1 117 103.5 114 126.9 109 788.4 108 038.3 117 932.2 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 1 856.8 2 230.8 2 261.8 2 272.6 2 445.6 2 586.5 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 99<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.18 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VALOR AGREGADO DEL COMERCIO AL POR MAYOR Y AL POR MENOR, HOTELES, BARES Y RESTAURANTES,<br />

A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: AGGREGATE VALUE OF WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE, HOTELS, BARS AND RESTAURANTS,<br />

AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Millions of dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 111.8 129.1 122.2 122.2 131.1 137.9 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 39 075.3 43 928.0 40 502.9 33 711.0 37 644.3 42 321.8 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 929.1 1 149.5 1 205.5 1 101.2 1 135.0 1 131.1 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 524.1 622.6 595.3 591.8 622.9 670.0 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 112.7 164.5 178.2 184.9 192.0 197.5 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 745.7 867.9 877.3 896.1 914.6 945.4 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 38 013.3 39 469.2 39 650.8 39 559.6 38 827.7 41 895.1 Brazil<br />

Chile 6 438.2 7 833.4 8 040.6 8 112.6 8 507.6 9 081.9 Chile<br />

Colombia 9 940.9 8 945.1 9 223.5 9 398.7 9 910.5 10 513.4 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 2 348.6 2 793.7 2 847.5 2 892.7 2 990.2 3 115.6 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 6 112.7 7 615.6 7 951.9 8 113.8 8 516.3 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 29.5 33.2 32.5 31.0 31.7 33.1 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 2 623.2 2 682.3 2 812.1 2 873.3 2 963.0 3 054.7 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 2 240.8 2 545.7 2 594.3 2 632.4 2 702.2 2 768.2 El Salvador<br />

Granada 53.5 66.0 64.2 65.8 72.5 66.3 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 3 939.8 4 750.3 4 877.3 5 015.3 5 108.4 5 274.2 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 23.1 26.1 26.2 25.9 25.3 25.8 Guyana<br />

Haití 520.1 670.4 672.7 692.3 696.5 652.1 Haiti<br />

Honduras 557.7 649.2 668.6 687.9 709.2 742.4 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 1 553.3 1 553.5 1 553.5 1 553.5 1 553.6 1 553.6 Jamaica<br />

México 79 474.8 112 698.5 111 366.8 111 382.2 113 011.5 119 191.0 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 420.5 572.4 581.5 600.7 609.0 639.8 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 1 583.0 1 871.2 1 940.5 1 923.5 1 970.5 2 189.5 Panama<br />

Paraguay 1 409.4 1 296.9 1 297.4 1 276.4 1 346.8 1 415.1 Paraguay<br />

Perú 8 616.3 9 397.0 9 458.6 9 795.6 10 116.4 10 674.6 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 2 933.1 4 013.1 4 011.6 4 163.2 4 296.7 4 433.2 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 52.4 54.9 50.6 50.2 56.1 59.8 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 42.1 57.9 59.4 60.5 62.4 68.2 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 136.5 155.9 136.4 136.8 153.8 164.2 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 125.4 106.6 91.1 98.7 130.5 138.2 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 853.1 1 333.7 1 300.9 1 318.9 1 339.4 1 385.2 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 2 474.4 2 674.2 2 588.8 1 955.2 1 935.8 2 348.9 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 11 287.4 10 678.6 11 123.3 9 748.9 8 810.2 11 059.5 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 219 188.8 263 790.4 260 552.1 252 658.9 258 577.2 277 946.9 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 214 642.3 258 337.2 255 136.1 247 317.4 253 071.1 272 316.2 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 4 546.5 5 453.2 5 416.0 5 341.5 5 506.1 5 630.7 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


100 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.19 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VALOR AGREGADO DEL TRANSPORTE, ALMACENAMIENTO Y COMUNICACIONES, A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: AGGREGATE VALUE OF TRANSPORT, STORAGE AND COMMUNICATIONS, AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Millions of dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 85.9 118.2 118.9 117.2 126.4 137.7 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 18 580.9 24 149.1 23 044.7 21 214.9 22 959.2 26 046.3 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 278.8 419.6 397.4 412.4 416.4 419.1 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 186.8 221.4 222.7 216.3 221.9 233.5 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 48.4 70.9 76.5 81.9 88.5 93.8 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 750.2 951.8 980.5 1 023.7 1 064.1 1 095.5 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 23 228.3 29 138.7 30 828.6 32 840.6 33 374.6 34 536.7 Brazil<br />

Chile 3 678.1 5 244.2 5 632.5 5 932.9 6 275.5 6 662.5 Chile<br />

Colombia 5 306.8 5 951.3 6 189.4 6 338.1 6 522.1 6 873.7 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 832.4 1 219.9 1 332.8 1 493.3 1 697.9 1 899.4 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 1 758.5 2 813.5 3 050.4 3 051.5 3 135.1 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 31.6 39.1 36.7 34.2 30.0 32.5 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 1 309.4 1 720.0 1 751.9 1 773.1 1 873.6 1 934.9 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 839.7 1 116.2 1 163.7 1 222.3 1 264.3 1 332.4 El Salvador<br />

Granada 51.4 79.5 74.6 70.8 74.1 78.7 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 1 372.8 1 861.3 1 987.2 2 099.7 2 200.1 2 402.3 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 36.0 46.1 48.5 50.8 53.2 55.2 Guyana<br />

Haití 219.8 356.1 363.8 363.0 368.8 371.6 Haiti<br />

Honduras 238.7 285.2 300.2 310.7 322.2 339.2 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 611.5 860.1 903.8 959.9 994.9 1 003.5 Jamaica<br />

México 39 533.7 58 890.2 61 145.5 62 246.5 65 339.8 71 370.8 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 144.3 190.2 197.3 202.7 222.4 229.0 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 993.9 1 541.9 1 581.0 1 612.9 1 788.1 2 041.0 Panama<br />

Paraguay 373.8 492.4 502.6 512.7 516.3 566.1 Paraguay<br />

Perú 3 745.7 4 331.4 4 312.6 4 473.6 4 694.5 4 995.9 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 728.3 1 366.3 1 518.4 1 718.7 1 803.1 2 012.1 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 29.9 38.7 39.7 39.5 39.1 43.6 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 40.9 57.5 54.6 57.6 63.3 66.6 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 94.1 109.0 114.1 116.1 120.1 125.5 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 41.8 66.4 85.5 96.3 95.9 109.3 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 417.9 700.1 754.2 825.2 857.8 870.3 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 1 446.1 1 819.4 1 825.1 1 658.5 1 709.9 1 906.8 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 7 046.7 7 778.1 7 997.4 7 642.2 7 142.8 8 447.2 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 112 324.3 151 230.1 155 582.9 157 758.1 164 320.7 178 332.7 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 110 369.5 148 403.5 152 655.5 154 680.0 161 139.1 175 063.5 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 1 954.7 2 826.6 2 927.4 3 078.1 3 181.6 3 269.2 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 101<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.20 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VALOR AGREGADO DE LOS ESTABLECIMIENTOS FINANCIEROS, SEGUROS, BIENES INMUEBLES Y SERVICIOS<br />

PRESTADOS A LAS EMPRESAS, A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: AGGREGATE VALUE OF FINANCE, INSURANCE, REAL ESTATE AND BUSINESS SERVICES,<br />

AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Millions of dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 63.4 94.1 92.1 99.4 99.3 107.0 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 45 615.7 56 046.0 53 562.8 48 398.1 47 870.4 48 902.4 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 1 076.5 1 564.0 1 612.0 1 630.3 1 691.6 1 759.4 Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 75.0 101.0 107.4 126.4 147.8 154.1 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 706.9 1 140.8 1 140.2 1 101.0 1 070.8 1 049.6 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 84 414.4 97 497.5 99 205.1 101 692.0 102 161.9 105 782.6 Brazil<br />

Chile 11 767.1 14 500.8 14 941.2 15 353.1 15 780.3 16 527.5 Chile<br />

Colombia 12 243.0 12 553.6 12 833.5 13 134.7 13 881.6 14 507.1 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 1 416.7 1 847.9 1 973.4 2 065.9 2 211.7 2 356.7 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 1 551.3 2 020.6 2 130.2 2 155.9 2 159.4 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 31.0 33.7 32.9 31.5 32.5 34.3 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 1 559.4 1 305.2 1 352.3 1 458.5 1 497.6 1 551.8 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1 818.8 2 136.3 2 119.5 2 177.3 2 233.1 2 289.7 El Salvador<br />

Granada 32.4 44.4 46.5 48.8 51.8 51.5 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 1 517.3 1 894.0 1 899.4 1 941.6 1 983.4 2 033.6 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 38.0 46.8 45.1 44.8 45.5 46.0 Guyana<br />

Haití 210.5 338.1 335.8 330.7 331.3 328.5 Haiti<br />

Honduras 697.9 869.8 899.5 924.5 949.5 984.7 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 1 101.6 1 057.2 1 006.9 1 047.3 1 082.0 1 085.8 Jamaica<br />

México 53 654.1 64 036.3 66 946.8 69 778.6 72 527.5 75 358.4 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 345.2 468.2 486.4 497.7 531.4 575.1 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 2 257.2 3 102.0 3 085.8 3 080.1 3 096.8 3 212.3 Panama<br />

Paraguay 580.9 586.9 593.7 598.7 569.3 581.4 Paraguay<br />

Perú 6 316.1 7 350.3 7 260.3 7 622.9 7 932.3 8 239.9 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 2 570.9 3 125.4 3 589.3 3 765.1 3 618.2 3 612.7 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 38.3 51.0 51.0 51.8 52.9 56.9 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 21.8 29.2 27.6 29.8 28.8 29.7 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 54.5 87.7 90.4 92.0 94.4 98.3 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 102.2 107.2 107.4 113.2 117.2 119.0 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 681.3 1 159.6 1 168.6 1 303.4 1 399.1 1 535.2 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 4 336.4 5 586.2 5 681.8 5 633.5 5 332.7 5 243.6 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 15 884.9 14 917.7 15 421.7 14 948.5 14 267.3 16 048.9 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 251 229.4 293 678.7 297 716.3 299 121.2 302 689.9 314 263.6 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 247 913.3 289 302.9 293 328.5 294 502.4 297 847.1 309 186.5 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 3 316.1 4 375.8 4 387.7 4 618.7 4 842.8 5 077.1 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


102 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.21 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VALOR AGREGADO DE LOS SERVICIOS COMUNALES, SOCIALES Y PERSONALES A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: AGGREGATE VALUE OF COMMUNITY, SOCIAL AND PERSONAL SERVICES, AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Millions of dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 120.9 144.3 148.6 156.1 160.4 166.9 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 50 310.3 56 349.3 56 269.7 54 408.4 55 942.4 58 395.8 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 1 085.5 997.3 963.6 1 008.4 1 102.7 1 117.0 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 416.3 474.4 468.8 476.3 479.3 502.6 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 118.1 132.8 138.3 143.9 151.0 153.2 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 1 212.8 1 420.1 1 457.3 1 502.1 1 548.1 1 577.8 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 136 898.4 147 944.1 149 240.4 150 137.0 151 896.7 155 412.5 Brazil<br />

Chile 10 852.2 12 812.4 13 173.1 13 506.0 13 851.2 14 309.5 Chile<br />

Colombia 14 273.3 18 795.1 18 931.8 18 881.5 18 851.7 19 367.9 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 2 730.0 3 139.4 3 203.4 3 298.5 3 397.7 3 440.9 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 4 838.5 5 538.1 5 842.9 6 125.2 6 425.8 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 42.2 48.6 50.8 52.6 51.5 51.0 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 1 546.3 1 775.0 1 782.3 1 775.2 1 815.9 1 866.1 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1 694.7 1 854.0 1 849.2 1 838.2 1 847.3 1 880.9 El Salvador<br />

Granada 56.5 64.1 64.6 65.3 65.9 66.1 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 2 098.6 2 563.9 2 654.8 2 687.8 2 681.4 2 605.3 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 103.3 117.4 118.2 117.2 118.6 120.0 Guyana<br />

Haití 206.8 212.2 206.8 208.9 206.0 199.4 Haiti<br />

Honduras 769.2 922.4 1 024.1 1 094.8 1 109.5 1 178.4 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 1 481.2 1 538.1 1 535.6 1 543.2 1 578.6 1 610.2 Jamaica<br />

México 114 054.8 128 659.9 128 321.2 129 477.2 128 754.2 129 558.2 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 593.9 672.9 707.2 721.4 738.7 757.8 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 1 696.8 1 932.0 2 007.1 2 097.4 2 134.9 2 210.3 Panama<br />

Paraguay 1 196.3 1 314.0 1 246.8 1 232.8 1 239.2 1 272.5 Paraguay<br />

Perú 8 008.6 8 912.6 8 909.2 9 249.0 9 688.4 10 063.4 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 3 196.2 4 100.3 4 348.9 4 472.4 4 608.8 4 751.9 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 57.4 67.1 68.1 70.4 71.0 74.0 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 52.4 57.7 59.2 61.4 63.3 65.1 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 103.4 114.3 113.8 113.0 111.3 114.8 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 140.9 144.1 147.0 148.6 148.8 150.7 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 1 013.3 1 004.0 999.6 1 042.6 1 049.0 1 067.1 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 3 967.8 4 261.2 4 161.9 4 023.1 4 052.3 4 181.6 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 20 733.2 19 875.2 20 347.0 20 297.1 20 982.3 23 610.4 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 380 831.5 422 420.0 424 718.4 425 907.9 430 498.0 441 899.4 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 376 040.1 417 516.0 419 842.2 420 908.9 425 346.5 436 640.7 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 4 791.4 4 904.1 4 876.2 4 999.0 5 151.5 5 258.7 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 103<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.22 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VALOR AGREGADO TOTAL DE LA ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA, A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: TOTAL AGGREGATE VALUE OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Millions of dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 479.5 622.2 622.0 639.5 668.8 703.0 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 233 897.0 267 682.9 256 135.3 231 012.2 248 185.0 268 112.5 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 4 055.2 5 096.8 5 127.0 5 158.9 5 372.2 5 408.6 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 1 488.7 1 758.9 1 716.6 1 721.6 1 759.1 1 845.3 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 554.7 745.7 776.7 817.4 901.7 947.6 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 6 252.5 7 630.9 7 748.7 7 889.8 8 065.0 8 261.1 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 502 994.9 558 146.7 564 069.9 576 319.3 579 787.3 606 708.7 Brazil<br />

Chile 58 709.7 70 695.0 73 038.6 74 694.1 77 419.4 81 838.2 Chile<br />

Colombia 76 279.6 80 523.2 81 471.1 82 772.4 86 256.1 90 422.5 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 11 962.0 15 031.0 15 151.6 15 638.2 16 634.9 17 342.8 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 21 973.2 27 810.4 28 683.2 29 136.4 29 974.0 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 224.8 250.2 243.0 233.4 230.3 238.7 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 14 306.6 14 710.5 15 341.9 15 872.5 16 423.1 17 585.3 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 10 941.3 12 816.0 13 050.8 13 353.1 13 648.5 13 858.7 El Salvador<br />

Granada 269.9 361.1 348.4 353.6 375.6 365.7 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 15 890.5 19 288.9 19 739.4 20 182.7 20 611.2 21 162.0 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 512.6 592.5 606.5 609.0 601.1 608.1 Guyana<br />

Haití 2 988.1 3 536.8 3 545.2 3 543.1 3 568.9 3 451.4 Haiti<br />

Honduras 4 401.0 5 224.1 5 418.8 5 607.1 5 804.2 6 080.9 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 7 882.5 7 810.3 7 867.6 7 967.5 8 127.5 8 202.5 Jamaica<br />

México 410 545.7 533 506.4 532 873.0 537 734.9 545 280.0 567 978.8 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 2 837.7 3 615.4 3 757.1 3 788.8 3 906.6 4 135.6 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 8 921.9 11 332.3 11 337.2 11 441.6 11 937.0 12 764.2 Panama<br />

Paraguay 6 453.0 6 506.8 6 587.2 6 580.0 6 801.9 7 074.4 Paraguay<br />

Perú 42 925.3 48 681.9 48 786.3 51 338.8 53 309.3 56 011.6 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 15 921.3 21 518.0 22 432.5 23 501.3 23 547.3 24 045.2 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 236.9 301.0 303.7 304.2 304.5 324.2 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 256.2 300.4 301.9 311.1 323.2 341.1 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 547.8 622.2 596.6 597.0 613.6 637.5 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 665.9 722.0 765.0 781.5 832.7 890.5 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 5 646.1 8 184.3 8 486.7 9 130.3 10 392.5 11 083.4 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 18 656.2 21 056.7 20 535.1 18 904.2 18 803.6 20 260.0 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 110 653.3 112 219.3 115 907.5 107 038.2 100 267.0 116 988.6 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 1 578 358.2 1 841 090.5 1 844 689.0 1 835 837.1 1 870 758.9 1 975 678.7 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 1 555 537.5 1 813 723.0 1 816 927.1 1 807 212.2 1 840 256.1 1 944 082.6 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 22 820.8 27 367.5 27 761.9 28 624.8 30 502.8 31 596.1 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


104 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.23 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO POR CLASE DE ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, BY KIND OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

Rubro 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Item<br />

1. Agricultura, caza, silvicultura y pesca 125 756.8 115 172.4 109 274.9 103 305.1 115 057.2 133 611.9 1. Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fi shing<br />

2. Explotación <strong>de</strong> minas y canteras 42 624.4 70 297.5 62 505.6 64 102.4 76 099.3 101 727.0 2. Mining and quarrying<br />

3. Industrias manufactureras 320 502.9 353 273.6 333 039.2 298 363.0 313 525.1 359 827.0 3. Manufacturing<br />

4. Construcción 109 472.9 118 959.5 110 850.5 93 865.4 93 031.6 111 201.8 4. Construction<br />

5. Electricidad, gas y agua 35 967.1 44 048.8 43 441.0 38 458.4 38 237.0 44 571.8 5. Electricity, gas and water<br />

6. Transportes, almacenamiento y comunicaciones 105 577.9 149 368.4 149 396.7 128 540.7 131 985.9 147 093.3 6. Transport, storage and communications<br />

7. Comercio al por mayor y al por menor, restaurantes 7. Wholesale and retail tra<strong>de</strong>, restaurants and<br />

y hot<strong>el</strong>es 211 013.9 259 040.2 254 537.1 222 495.4 229 719.0 259 123.0 hot<strong>el</strong>s<br />

8. Establecimientos fi nancieros, seguros, bienes 8. Finance, insurance, real estate and business<br />

inmuebles y servicios prestados a las empresas 281 986.9 292 171.2 285 055.2 247 013.8 242 494.0 267 534.1 services<br />

9. Servicios comunales, sociales y personales 350 368.9 419 856.1 418 494.4 372 508.3 380 267.1 427 126.2 9. Community, social and personal services<br />

Comisión imputada <strong>de</strong> los servicios bancarios 72 462.7 47 025.9 51 840.7 49 396.7 45 383.0 51 359.1 Computed commission for banking services<br />

Impuesto al valor agregado y <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> importación 159 168.4 178 350.9 172 217.0 147 771.0 156 696.4 187 757.2 Value ad<strong>de</strong>d tax and import duties<br />

Producto interno bruto a 1 686 380.4 1 973 471.8 1 912 097.5 1 696 325.7 1 762 334.6 2 022 309.5 Gross domestic product a<br />

Discrepancia 1 747.0 670.2 639.1 747.0 727.2 810.0 Difference<br />

a The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba, but does inclu<strong>de</strong> the gross domestic product of Guatemala.<br />

a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba. Se incluye <strong>el</strong> producto interno bruto <strong>de</strong> Guatemala.<br />

2.1.1.24 AMÉRICA LATINA: PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO POR CLASE DE ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, BY KIND OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

Rubro 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Item<br />

1. Agricultura, caza, silvicultura y pesca 124 331.6 113 756.7 107 887.4 101 941.2 113 698.9 132 210.9 1. Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fi shing<br />

2. Explotación <strong>de</strong> minas y canteras 40 368.2 67 209.2 59 482.6 61 201.4 71 912.5 96 596.6 2. Mining and quarrying<br />

3. Industrias manufactureras 318 666.4 351 001.5 330 646.3 295 952.7 311 101.4 357 200.7 3. Manufacturing<br />

4. Construcción 108 041.3 116 728.7 108 528.3 91 648.4 90 669.2 108 538.6 4. Construction<br />

5. Electricidad, gas y agua 35 398.3 43 248.0 42 636.3 37 696.6 37 458.9 43 750.1 5. Electricity, gas and water<br />

6. Transportes, almacenamiento y comunicaciones 103 701.0 146 542.2 146 236.7 125 408.7 128 958.2 143 842.6 6. Transport, storage and communications<br />

7. Comercio al por mayor y al por menor, restaurantes 7. Wholesale and retail tra<strong>de</strong>, restaurants and<br />

y hot<strong>el</strong>es 207 089.7 253 586.8 249 012.5 217 335.8 224 411.1 253 431.5 hot<strong>el</strong>s<br />

8. Establecimientos fi nancieros, seguros, bienes 8. Finance, insurance, real estate and business<br />

inmuebles y servicios prestados a las empresas 278 853.6 287 408.8 280 243.4 242 338.6 237 515.4 262 329.1 services<br />

9. Servicios comunales, sociales y personales 346 934.6 414 952.0 413 376.9 367 705.8 375 146.8 421 767.9 9. Community, social and personal services<br />

Comisión imputada <strong>de</strong> los servicios bancarios 71 614.9 45 693.8 50 618.4 48 209.4 43 949.1 49 835.6 Computed commission for banking services<br />

Impuesto al valor agregado y <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> importación 158 074.6 176 834.1 170 661.2 146 123.9 154 894.8 185 786.5 Value ad<strong>de</strong>d tax and import duties<br />

Producto interno bruto a 1 665 950.8 1 944 863.1 1 882 580.8 1 665 662.2 1 729 528.5 1 986 596.6 Gross domestic product a<br />

Discrepancia 1 450.4 – -0.1 – – – Difference<br />

a The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba, but does inclu<strong>de</strong> the gross domestic product of Guatemala.<br />

a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba. Se incluye <strong>el</strong> producto interno bruto <strong>de</strong> Guatemala.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 105<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.25 CARIBE: PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO POR CLASE DE ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

CARIBBEAN: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, BY KIND OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

Rubro 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Item<br />

1. Agricultura, caza, silvicultura y pesca 1 425.2 1 415.7 1 387.5 1 363.9 1 358.3 1 401.0 1. Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fi shing<br />

2. Explotación <strong>de</strong> minas y canteras 2 256.2 3 088.3 3 023.0 2 901.0 4 186.8 5 130.4 2. Mining and quarrying<br />

3. Industrias manufactureras 1 836.5 2 272.1 2 392.9 2 410.2 2 423.7 2 626.3 3. Manufacturing<br />

4. Construcción 1 431.6 2 230.8 2 322.2 2 217.0 2 362.4 2 663.2 4. Construction<br />

5. Electricidad, gas y agua 568.8 800.8 804.7 761.8 778.2 821.6 5. Electricity, gas and water<br />

6. Transportes, almacenamiento y comunicaciones 1 876.9 2 826.2 3 160.0 3 132.0 3 027.8 3 250.7 6. Transport, storage and communications<br />

7. Comercio al por mayor y al por menor, restaurantes 7. Wholesale and retail tra<strong>de</strong>, restaurants and<br />

y hot<strong>el</strong>es 3 924.3 5 453.4 5 524.6 5 159.6 5 307.9 5 691.5 hot<strong>el</strong>s<br />

8. Establecimientos fi nancieros, seguros, bienes 8. Finance, insurance, real estate and business<br />

inmuebles y servicios prestados a las empresas 3 133.3 4 762.3 4 811.8 4 675.2 4 978.6 5 205.0 services<br />

9. Servicios comunales, sociales y personales 3 434.3 4 904.1 5 117.6 4 802.5 5 120.3 5 358.3 9. Community, social and personal services<br />

Comisión imputada <strong>de</strong> los servicios bancarios 847.9 1 332.1 1 222.3 1 187.3 1 433.9 1 523.6 Computed commission for banking services<br />

Impuesto al valor agregado y <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> importación 1 093.9 1 516.9 1 555.8 1 647.1 1 801.6 1 970.7 Value ad<strong>de</strong>d tax and import duties<br />

Producto interno bruto 20 429.6 28 608.7 29 516.7 30 663.5 32 806.1 35 712.9 Gross domestic product<br />

Discrepancia 296.6 670.2 639.2 747.0 727.2 810.0 Difference


106 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.26 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VALOR AGREGADO DE LA AGRICULTURA, CAZA, SILVICULTURA Y PESCA A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: AGGREGATE VALUE OF AGRICULTURE, HUNTING, FORESTRY AND FISHING AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 16.1 22.6 22.8 23.2 24.1 25.2 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 13 811.9 13 306.7 12 281.8 10 415.0 13 385.0 14 760.0 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 97.2 119.9 109.8 145.9 149.8 120.6 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 99.2 95.0 99.5 ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 95.8 121.9 114.3 118.2 141.3 139.4 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 997.8 1 088.9 1 079.2 1 026.4 1 084.8 1 182.6 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 56 112.8 42 760.8 37 870.2 35 917.2 44 909.3 54 576.6 Brazil<br />

Chile 4 096.7 4 162.2 3 341.3 3 490.4 3 939.2 5 065.9 Chile<br />

Colombia 12 967.1 10 837.6 10 176.4 9 870.1 9 290.8 11 086.7 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 1 466.0 1 372.7 1 304.8 1 299.8 1 389.7 1 451.9 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 1 513.5 2 017.7 2 021.2 1 997.2 2 062.6 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 35.0 41.7 39.4 37.8 39.3 42.4 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 3 373.3 1 692.6 1 896.4 2 047.9 2 187.3 2 289.2 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1 270.3 1 286.1 1 301.4 1 218.6 1 249.0 1 402.4 El Salvador<br />

Granada 23.6 25.9 26.8 34.3 34.9 30.1 Grenada<br />

Guatemala ... ... ... ... ... ... Guatemala<br />

Guyana 254.0 213.7 211.8 224.2 238.6 248.8 Guyana<br />

Haití 634.9 829.7 ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras 741.8 845.5 783.4 784.7 789.9 894.7 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 486.4 493.3 498.8 468.5 417.9 447.2 Jamaica<br />

México 14 315.8 21 358.0 23 213.7 22 997.2 22 201.4 23 720.0 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 666.8 728.0 721.7 688.4 667.0 740.6 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 634.0 791.3 860.1 887.4 961.1 1 012.4 Panama<br />

Paraguay 1 671.4 1 203.2 1 049.2 884.6 1 120.7 1 508.1 Paraguay<br />

Perú 4 242.5 4 137.6 4 077.1 4 099.9 4 285.1 4 725.5 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 1 410.6 1 501.4 1 594.6 1 599.6 1 205.9 1 505.9 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 10.4 7.8 9.2 10.0 9.2 10.6 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 31.5 30.5 27.7 29.8 27.6 28.1 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 45.2 42.6 36.6 34.9 31.5 34.3 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 96.7 90.2 77.4 111.2 130.7 149.7 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 134.2 110.7 113.5 126.0 113.3 124.5 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 1 662.7 1 247.0 1 135.1 1 140.4 1 449.3 1 579.4 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 4 255.1 4 607.4 5 200.9 3 573.5 3 583.3 4 709.1 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 125 756.8 115 172.4 109 274.9 103 305.1 115 057.2 133 611.9 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 124 331.6 113 756.7 107 887.4 101 941.2 113 698.9 132 210.9 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 1 425.2 1 415.7 1 387.5 1 363.9 1 358.3 1 401.0 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 107<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.27 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VALOR AGREGADO DE LA EXPLOTACIÓN DE MINAS Y CANTERAS, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: AGGREGATE VALUE OF MINING AND QUARRYING, AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 6.9 9.9 10.1 10.5 11.0 9.7 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 4 839.6 7 101.6 6 660.7 6 096.1 7 077.1 8 053.2 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 69.0 46.8 44.3 56.3 58.6 58.6 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 9.0 15.7 13.8 ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 3.1 4.5 4.7 4.5 4.6 4.9 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 405.2 550.6 514.9 509.7 608.6 818.2 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 5 388.5 13 807.0 12 952.5 13 942.6 17 837.6 22 527.3 Brazil<br />

Chile 6 102.6 5 270.7 4 540.3 4 648.3 6 389.4 12 734.8 Chile<br />

Colombia 3 586.4 5 193.0 4 101.4 4 061.9 4 693.2 6 253.6 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 14.2 24.0 25.7 24.6 24.0 26.0 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 177.6 423.2 434.9 520.5 577.4 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 1.7 1.9 1.9 1.5 1.7 2.0 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 1 913.8 3 429.7 2 563.4 2 880.8 3 612.0 5 348.0 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 41.4 52.7 56.9 63.9 69.0 56.5 El Salvador<br />

Granada 1.0 2.8 2.2 1.9 2.7 2.0 Grenada<br />

Guatemala ... ... ... ... ... ... Guatemala<br />

Guyana 88.8 94.5 94.0 92.7 82.2 79.6 Guyana<br />

Haití 3.8 7.9 ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras 66.4 100.9 102.8 109.2 115.2 115.0 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 333.3 321.7 322.2 324.1 349.0 376.6 Jamaica<br />

México 4 528.7 7 421.9 7 760.4 7 995.7 7 647.8 8 922.9 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 19.9 29.1 43.7 42.3 46.5 55.4 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 30.4 79.1 76.8 90.1 127.8 143.3 Panama<br />

Paraguay 10.5 8.2 7.1 5.3 5.7 7.7 Paraguay<br />

Perú 2 421.3 2 781.7 2 655.4 3 138.6 3 849.4 5 488.5 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 169.3 184.7 122.1 129.4 217.0 303.2 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 0.7 1.1 1.1 1.3 0.9 1.0 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 2.2 2.9 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 52.9 34.5 29.6 42.5 49.9 57.2 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 1 686.9 2 551.3 2 496.1 2 362.9 3 623.3 4 535.9 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 43.7 63.4 50.2 26.0 24.9 28.1 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 10 782.5 21 103.2 17 248.3 17 436.7 19 567.3 25 715.1 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 42 624.4 70 297.5 62 505.6 64 102.4 76 099.3 101 727.0 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 40 368.2 67 209.2 59 482.6 61 201.4 71 912.5 96 596.6 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 2 256.2 3 088.3 3 023.0 2 901.0 4 186.8 5 130.4 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


108 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.28 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VALOR AGREGADO DE LAS INDUSTRIAS MANUFACTURERAS, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: AGGREGATE VALUE OF MANUFACTURING, AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 9.6 13.0 13.6 14.1 14.9 14.6 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 44 513.2 46 900.5 43 263.6 20 763.2 29 141.9 34 137.1 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 121.1 199.3 231.9 246.4 248.9 262.0 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 107.4 134.4 128.2 ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 60.4 79.6 77.8 78.3 78.9 87.9 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 1 123.5 1 112.0 1 086.5 1 039.2 1 041.2 1 087.0 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 149 007.3 120 330.8 102 147.4 95 907.3 109 667.6 130 068.9 Brazil<br />

Chile 12 800.8 13 249.8 12 646.6 12 348.2 13 267.6 16 166.4 Chile<br />

Colombia 13 506.4 12 205.6 11 772.9 11 636.8 11 606.2 14 047.6 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 2 337.2 3 677.2 3 242.9 3 277.1 3 361.3 3 644.2 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 4 351.0 5 019.7 5 091.2 5 158.0 5 110.2 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 13.8 20.2 16.7 16.5 17.2 18.3 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 2 280.9 809.9 1 796.6 1 891.3 1 983.7 1 824.1 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 2 026.4 3 030.7 3 191.1 3 307.9 3 391.0 3 483.5 El Salvador<br />

Granada 15.4 25.5 23.6 23.1 22.5 19.5 Grenada<br />

Guatemala ... ... ... ... ... ... Guatemala<br />

Guyana 20.0 18.8 19.2 20.7 20.0 20.7 Guyana<br />

Haití 517.4 352.0 ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras 614.3 1 024.8 1 133.5 1 195.1 1 267.2 1 360.3 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 864.7 1 012.1 1 049.7 1 071.3 1 023.1 1 106.5 Jamaica<br />

México 54 546.3 107 195.9 110 381.1 110 667.7 104 107.2 111 381.7 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 531.5 593.6 680.3 721.3 691.8 772.5 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 1 079.4 1 099.6 1 033.8 973.6 969.4 1 027.4 Panama<br />

Paraguay 1 318.5 1 117.0 1 023.2 801.3 832.7 987.3 Paraguay<br />

Perú 8 104.2 7 696.4 7 909.4 8 407.4 8 811.9 10 385.4 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 3 597.8 5 508.0 5 431.5 5 600.5 4 594.2 5 227.7 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 20.9 29.5 30.5 27.6 31.4 34.1 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 18.7 17.0 19.6 20.2 18.4 18.9 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 32.9 29.2 27.1 27.5 30.8 34.1 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 84.3 118.0 101.2 145.4 170.9 195.8 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 467.2 575.5 653.7 719.2 746.8 813.9 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 3 800.6 3 391.6 3 024.5 2 145.2 2 077.8 2 821.6 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 16 960.8 21 706.3 20 881.5 15 269.7 14 288.7 18 778.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 320 502.9 353 273.6 333 039.2 298 363.0 313 525.1 359 827.0 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 318 666.4 351 001.5 330 646.3 295 952.7 311 101.4 357 200.7 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 1 836.5 2 272.1 2 392.9 2 410.2 2 423.7 2 626.3 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 109<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.29 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VALOR AGREGADO DE LOS SECTORES DE ELECTRICIDAD, GAS Y AGUA, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: AGGREGATE VALUE OF THE ELECTRICITY, GAS AND WATER SECTORS, AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 16.7 17.2 23.2 19.0 18.7 19.6 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 5 112.3 6 587.3 6 335.1 1 747.2 2 112.3 2 383.9 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 115.3 175.1 158.8 172.2 188.3 188.7 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 55.1 70.9 73.2 ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 21.4 29.2 31.1 32.2 29.7 31.8 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 229.6 244.2 242.2 230.2 237.7 240.7 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 16 667.8 18 616.7 16 454.8 14 792.4 15 467.2 18 556.5 Brazil<br />

Chile 2 110.3 2 303.5 2 119.6 2 086.8 2 236.3 2 703.0 Chile<br />

Colombia 2 874.2 2 987.2 3 507.5 3 438.2 3 483.8 4 285.7 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 312.8 370.7 433.3 712.6 733.7 796.4 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 402.8 600.9 629.7 566.8 597.3 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 7.8 12.6 13.4 14.3 13.7 14.6 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 145.8 169.0 389.7 614.1 674.5 614.7 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 118.5 222.2 237.4 255.6 302.3 280.2 El Salvador<br />

Granada 11.5 17.2 19.3 22.6 23.2 22.5 Grenada<br />

Guatemala ... ... ... ... ... ... Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 36.1 24.7 ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras 187.7 246.3 240.9 259.4 291.2 321.9 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 180.8 253.0 262.1 280.4 273.3 303.7 Jamaica<br />

México 3 322.9 5 911.1 6 687.9 8 479.8 7 378.0 8 213.6 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 57.7 116.7 93.8 91.8 101.5 108.1 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 266.8 340.0 325.5 350.1 362.9 421.9 Panama<br />

Paraguay 143.1 162.6 159.5 128.5 136.2 153.2 Paraguay<br />

Perú 965.9 1 224.5 1 236.0 1 264.6 1 354.5 1 455.3 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 254.7 382.3 486.0 493.6 324.0 348.6 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 3.8 5.6 5.9 8.2 8.8 9.0 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 11.2 18.1 18.9 18.4 20.8 21.8 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 17.5 32.2 32.8 30.4 33.0 31.4 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 45.5 28.8 24.8 35.5 41.8 47.9 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 82.2 141.0 141.3 128.4 126.8 130.7 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 712.6 826.2 819.9 591.2 547.1 611.8 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 1 879.4 2 513.0 2 867.3 2 160.4 1 715.6 2 254.7 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 35 967.1 44 048.8 43 441.0 38 458.4 38 237.0 44 571.8 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 35 398.3 43 248.0 42 636.3 37 696.6 37 458.9 43 750.1 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 568.8 800.8 804.7 761.8 778.2 821.6 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


110 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.30 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VALOR AGREGADO DE LA CONSTRUCCIÓN, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: AGGREGATE VALUE OF CONSTRUCTION, AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 43.0 73.8 80.2 84.7 90.3 94.4 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 13 417.4 13 314.7 11 602.8 2 575.0 3 975.3 5 905.7 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 166.5 425.1 380.8 399.5 405.3 395.1 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 75.9 124.6 121.6 ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 26.3 41.4 41.9 44.3 37.7 41.2 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 198.9 254.7 226.0 246.5 189.2 186.8 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 57 437.2 48 582.0 38 599.5 32 685.6 32 807.6 39 349.2 Brazil<br />

Chile 6 473.3 5 318.1 5 054.3 4 977.5 5 773.1 7 104.9 Chile<br />

Colombia 6 922.2 3 054.8 2 932.8 3 192.4 3 456.8 5 157.9 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 504.4 585.5 708.5 415.9 427.8 488.1 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 1 139.0 1 761.1 1 721.2 1 716.1 1 795.0 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 17.4 19.3 19.4 14.5 17.0 19.6 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 689.8 1 126.9 1 662.4 2 029.9 2 142.1 2 601.2 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 416.3 572.1 646.7 688.6 705.6 652.2 El Salvador<br />

Granada 18.9 35.8 29.5 30.0 37.9 38.1 Grenada<br />

Guatemala ... ... ... ... ... ... Guatemala<br />

Guyana 21.8 29.2 29.8 29.3 32.0 34.5 Guyana<br />

Haití 262.0 745.8 ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras 189.1 280.1 275.9 241.3 283.8 296.8 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 602.9 721.3 765.8 798.9 761.5 870.3 Jamaica<br />

México 10 648.6 27 334.7 28 969.5 30 259.0 30 245.5 33 690.8 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 168.8 244.3 270.2 208.9 205.3 263.0 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 334.1 575.2 459.4 426.4 593.5 677.1 Panama<br />

Paraguay 406.7 325.6 295.8 232.2 276.9 325.0 Paraguay<br />

Perú 3 482.2 2 850.4 2 818.0 3 068.1 3 294.9 3 658.0 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 954.2 1 336.6 1 251.5 1 413.0 734.9 930.9 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 23.6 45.4 51.9 50.8 44.4 48.5 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 25.1 31.8 34.2 34.3 37.3 43.4 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 38.4 48.5 46.3 43.9 42.2 44.1 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 19.3 26.1 22.4 32.1 37.8 43.3 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 352.5 608.4 698.4 654.9 819.0 990.7 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 1 023.7 1 187.6 1 011.1 517.2 387.3 457.3 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 4 512.4 9 039.7 11 743.8 8 470.8 5 169.6 6 793.8 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 109 472.9 118 959.5 110 850.5 93 865.4 93 031.6 111 201.8 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 108 041.3 116 728.7 108 528.3 91 648.4 90 669.2 108 538.6 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 1 431.6 2 230.8 2 322.2 2 217.0 2 362.4 2 663.2 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 111<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.31 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VALOR AGREGADO DEL COMERCIO AL POR MAYOR Y AL POR MENOR, HOTELES, BARES Y RESTAURANTES,<br />

A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: AGGREGATE VALUE OF WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE, HOTELS, BARS AND RESTAURANTS,<br />

AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 100.2 129.1 123.5 120.3 130.0 137.4 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 41 208.8 43 928.0 40 159.2 13 179.4 17 036.0 19 973.7 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 783.1 1 149.5 1 185.6 1 197.2 1 236.3 1 292.8 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 481.3 622.6 557.9 ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 112.4 164.7 177.6 184.9 194.4 201.7 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 759.0 867.9 842.0 817.8 813.5 888.9 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 55 660.7 39 469.2 33 689.7 31 562.9 34 936.3 42 217.1 Brazil<br />

Chile 8 213.6 7 833.4 7 205.9 6 328.9 6 854.0 7 792.2 Chile<br />

Colombia 11 315.3 8 945.1 8 753.5 8 595.2 8 250.3 9 419.4 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 2 103.5 2 793.7 2 928.3 2 918.4 3 036.6 3 269.5 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 6 736.6 7 615.6 8 053.7 8 628.8 9 302.0 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 27.3 33.2 33.1 31.5 32.7 35.0 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 2 940.3 2 682.3 3 732.4 4 072.3 4 295.4 4 637.9 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1 908.2 2 545.7 2 659.8 2 740.8 2 924.9 3 139.9 El Salvador<br />

Granada 47.2 66.0 64.6 63.6 71.5 66.8 Grenada<br />

Guatemala ... ... ... ... ... ... Guatemala<br />

Guyana 22.6 26.1 26.3 26.3 25.8 27.3 Guyana<br />

Haití 460.6 670.4 ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras 413.4 649.2 702.5 733.3 773.2 833.6 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 1 169.1 1 553.5 1 574.6 1 623.5 1 567.3 1 718.0 Jamaica<br />

México 54 793.8 112 698.5 116 690.7 118 993.6 117 794.6 128 413.1 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 511.7 572.4 572.4 563.5 549.7 587.6 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 1 567.4 1 871.2 1 927.9 1 899.9 1 930.1 2 229.9 Panama<br />

Paraguay 1 678.4 1 296.9 1 183.0 953.3 1 082.8 1 456.2 Paraguay<br />

Perú 9 839.6 9 397.0 9 606.4 10 017.2 10 509.2 11 609.0 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 2 501.4 4 013.1 4 067.0 4 014.9 4 108.3 4 506.3 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 44.8 54.9 52.0 52.0 59.6 66.1 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 39.2 57.9 59.9 61.8 65.1 73.1 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 122.1 155.9 140.4 140.0 159.4 167.6 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 93.5 106.6 91.4 131.3 154.3 176.8 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 881.6 1 333.7 1 437.5 1 527.1 1 611.5 1 728.8 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 2 939.1 2 674.2 2 406.5 1 486.8 1 341.6 1 714.4 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 8 275.0 10 678.6 11 885.4 8 457.6 8 174.6 10 743.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 211 013.9 259 040.2 254 537.1 222 495.4 229 719.0 259 123.0 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 207 089.7 253 586.8 249 012.5 217 335.8 224 411.1 253 431.5 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 3 924.3 5 453.4 5 524.6 5 159.6 5 307.9 5 691.5 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


112 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.32 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VALOR AGREGADO DEL TRANSPORTE, ALMACENAMIENTO Y COMUNICACIONES, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: AGGREGATE VALUE OF TRANSPORT, STORAGE AND COMMUNICATIONS, AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 81.0 118.2 121.0 122.6 131.5 147.6 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 19 064.7 24 149.1 22 884.0 7 546.2 10 334.0 12 836.2 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 261.9 419.6 458.5 496.9 522.6 507.6 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 153.6 221.4 233.6 ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 54.2 70.5 79.2 92.0 93.4 99.9 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 677.2 951.8 939.4 943.3 980.1 1 034.3 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 30 853.5 29 138.7 24 378.0 21 734.6 25 458.5 27 969.1 Brazil<br />

Chile 4 273.9 5 244.2 4 830.7 4 759.4 5 299.7 6 501.3 Chile<br />

Colombia 6 646.6 5 951.3 6 316.9 6 270.5 6 000.7 7 012.3 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 922.6 1 219.9 1 256.0 1 384.2 1 512.8 1 612.1 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 1 442.3 2 813.5 2 951.2 3 057.3 3 157.4 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 33.3 39.1 36.0 31.4 27.7 30.9 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 1 910.2 1 720.0 2 764.9 2 938.3 3 491.1 3 682.8 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 701.1 1 116.2 1 202.1 1 281.5 1 334.2 1 450.0 El Salvador<br />

Granada 54.5 79.5 74.0 69.6 72.4 78.1 Grenada<br />

Guatemala ... ... ... ... ... ... Guatemala<br />

Guyana 26.4 46.1 51.2 54.7 59.3 63.7 Guyana<br />

Haití 196.3 356.1 ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras 163.2 285.2 329.3 343.4 366.3 398.4 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 497.0 860.1 943.7 1 055.3 979.2 1 014.0 Jamaica<br />

México 26 183.5 58 890.2 63 695.6 63 339.3 59 847.8 64 283.2 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 186.2 190.2 226.8 216.5 252.6 274.7 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 1 110.4 1 541.9 1 612.5 1 706.0 1 855.4 2 151.0 Panama<br />

Paraguay 409.4 492.4 479.9 396.3 394.7 473.5 Paraguay<br />

Perú 3 963.4 4 331.4 4 274.8 4 392.9 4 802.3 5 308.0 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 983.5 1 366.3 1 321.5 1 197.5 737.5 741.7 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 30.5 38.7 40.6 41.3 42.1 47.1 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 46.0 57.5 55.9 60.0 64.6 68.5 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 86.6 109.0 115.4 120.8 126.5 132.9 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 42.5 66.4 57.0 81.9 96.2 110.3 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 509.6 700.1 893.8 905.5 812.2 950.1 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 1 402.5 1 819.4 1 690.3 1 130.0 1 082.2 1 269.2 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 4 052.9 7 778.1 8 034.0 5 828.8 5 208.3 6 844.7 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 105 577.9 149 368.4 149 396.7 128 540.7 131 985.9 147 093.3 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 103 701.0 146 542.2 146 236.7 125 408.7 128 958.2 143 842.6 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 1 876.9 2 826.2 3 160.0 3 132.0 3 027.8 3 250.7 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 113<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.33 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VALOR AGREGADO DE LOS ESTABLECIMIENTOS FINANCIEROS, SEGUROS, BIENES INMUEBLES<br />

Y SERVICIOS PRESTADOS A LAS EMPRESAS, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: AGGREGATE VALUE OF FINANCE, INSURANCE, REAL ESTATE AND BUSINESS SERVICES,<br />

AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 61.4 94.1 95.8 104.4 105.7 114.0 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 51 352.2 56 046.0 56 487.2 18 392.8 19 264.1 21 561.6 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 1 008.2 1 564.0 1 635.9 1 617.3 1 692.1 1 786.3 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 253.0 386.5 398.9 ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 66.4 101.0 111.9 129.1 146.5 156.5 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 661.8 1 140.8 1 059.1 956.1 891.7 876.3 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 114 872.5 97 497.5 83 840.6 77 998.0 77 997.4 86 502.1 Brazil<br />

Chile 13 447.9 14 500.8 13 347.7 12 962.5 13 580.5 16 370.4 Chile<br />

Colombia 16 406.0 12 553.6 12 341.2 12 220.9 11 837.0 14 276.6 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 1 306.1 1 847.8 2 059.3 2 198.3 2 299.5 2 410.3 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 1 529.2 2 020.6 1 961.6 2 008.3 2 045.2 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 28.8 33.7 33.9 32.1 32.6 34.4 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 3 081.2 1 305.2 1 947.2 2 841.6 3 644.6 4 343.7 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1 419.5 2 136.3 2 205.9 2 325.0 2 418.5 2 572.7 El Salvador<br />

Granada 29.6 44.4 46.4 49.0 55.3 56.1 Grenada<br />

Guatemala ... ... ... ... ... ... Guatemala<br />

Guyana 36.1 46.8 46.0 46.4 48.9 51.5 Guyana<br />

Haití 314.6 338.1 ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras 510.9 869.8 946.3 988.6 1 038.3 1 111.4 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 743.5 1 057.2 974.0 960.6 1 091.6 1 079.4 Jamaica<br />

México 48 035.7 64 036.3 68 688.3 79 662.9 76 423.8 80 130.8 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 286.5 468.2 477.3 489.3 522.6 581.9 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 2 088.3 3 102.0 3 225.6 3 415.8 3 536.9 3 715.7 Panama<br />

Paraguay 591.5 586.9 529.9 399.6 359.5 402.9 Paraguay<br />

Perú 6 657.9 7 350.3 7 585.3 8 134.8 8 655.4 9 277.2 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 2 250.6 3 125.4 3 496.0 3 611.7 2 516.6 2 522.1 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 29.7 51.0 52.9 55.1 56.6 62.0 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 23.1 29.2 27.6 30.3 35.4 36.8 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 70.9 87.7 92.3 96.1 99.9 104.6 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 51.5 107.2 92.0 132.1 155.2 177.9 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 731.2 1 159.6 1 204.2 1 422.7 1 458.6 1 545.4 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 4 533.0 5 586.2 5 489.6 3 477.9 2 767.9 2 845.5 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 11 037.3 14 917.7 16 517.0 12 262.7 9 761.2 12 828.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 281 986.9 292 171.2 285 055.2 247 013.8 242 494.0 267 534.1 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 278 853.6 287 408.8 280 243.4 242 338.6 237 515.4 262 329.1 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 3 133.3 4 762.3 4 811.8 4 675.2 4 978.6 5 205.0 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


114 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.34 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VALOR AGREGADO DE LOS SERVICIOS COMUNALES, SOCIALES Y PERSONALES A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: AGGREGATE VALUE OF COMMUNITY, SOCIAL AND PERSONAL SERVICES, AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 108.8 144.3 148.5 156.5 160.5 168.3 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 49 074.8 56 349.3 55 428.3 16 776.6 19 500.6 22 138.0 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 802.4 997.3 1 008.0 1 056.8 1 122.2 1 187.7 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 341.0 474.4 484.6 ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 109.3 132.8 139.8 148.2 163.9 175.3 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 1 040.3 1 420.1 1 446.3 1 422.2 1 459.7 1 532.5 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 176 972.7 147 944.1 124 435.0 111 800.1 118 728.1 143 946.9 Brazil<br />

Chile 9 791.1 12 812.4 11 767.1 11 724.2 12 494.9 15 256.3 Chile<br />

Colombia 15 670.5 18 795.1 18 451.3 18 203.6 17 095.3 20 681.1 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 2 070.4 3 139.4 3 431.5 3 661.5 3 789.8 3 845.9 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 4 333.8 5 538.1 6 289.3 6 708.2 7 320.1 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 37.5 48.6 51.2 53.1 51.2 49.9 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 2 860.2 1 775.0 2 734.2 3 543.2 4 565.1 5 278.9 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1 166.9 1 854.0 1 935.3 2 034.6 2 145.3 2 267.2 El Salvador<br />

Granada 44.3 64.1 67.2 68.8 70.8 78.4 Grenada<br />

Guatemala ... ... ... ... ... ... Guatemala<br />

Guyana 51.0 117.4 120.7 123.2 129.0 132.2 Guyana<br />

Haití 183.2 212.2 ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras 557.9 922.4 1 079.3 1 172.7 1 213.9 1 327.8 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 861.1 1 538.1 1 546.3 1 632.0 1 554.3 1 632.3 Jamaica<br />

México 59 202.3 128 659.9 147 690.4 160 281.6 160 189.8 165 241.2 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 492.3 672.9 750.6 720.9 766.0 811.4 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 1 470.4 1 932.0 2 008.7 2 120.3 2 155.0 2 326.1 Panama<br />

Paraguay 1 086.0 1 314.0 1 168.7 893.1 885.0 1 001.0 Paraguay<br />

Perú 8 666.7 8 912.6 9 261.0 9 733.1 10 584.1 11 499.5 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 2 121.8 4 100.3 4 700.0 4 982.3 3 793.5 4 281.2 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 44.7 67.1 68.7 71.3 72.1 81.3 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 41.4 57.7 61.2 66.2 66.6 70.6 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 94.4 114.3 121.4 121.3 122.3 128.2 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 41.7 144.1 123.6 177.5 208.6 239.1 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 856.8 1 004.0 1 176.3 1 127.5 1 398.9 1 415.1 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 3 770.9 4 261.2 4 013.1 2 524.8 2 041.1 2 276.6 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 10 736.1 19 875.2 23 075.9 16 111.0 13 739.5 18 056.2 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 350 368.9 419 856.1 418 494.4 372 508.3 380 267.1 427 126.2 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 346 934.6 414 952.0 413 376.9 367 705.8 375 146.8 421 767.9 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 3 434.3 4 904.1 5 117.6 4 802.5 5 120.3 5 358.3 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 115<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.35 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VALOR AGREGADO TOTAL DE LA ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: TOTAL AGGREGATE VALUE OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 443.6 622.2 638.8 655.2 686.7 730.7 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 242 394.9 267 682.9 255 102.7 97 491.6 121 826.3 141 749.4 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 3 424.8 5 096.8 5 213.6 5 388.5 5 624.1 5 799.5 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 1 575.3 2 145.4 2 111.2 ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 549.1 745.5 778.2 831.6 890.3 938.5 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 6 093.3 7 630.9 7 435.7 7 191.5 7 306.4 7 847.4 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 662 972.9 558 146.7 474 367.7 436 340.7 477 809.6 565 713.5 Brazil<br />

Chile 67 310.1 70 695.0 64 853.4 63 326.3 69 834.8 89 695.2 Chile<br />

Colombia 89 894.8 80 523.2 78 353.8 77 489.7 75 714.0 92 221.1 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 11 037.2 15 030.8 15 390.2 15 892.4 16 575.3 17 544.3 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 21 625.8 27 810.4 29 154.0 30 361.2 31 967.2 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 202.6 250.2 245.0 232.8 233.1 246.9 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 19 195.5 14 710.5 19 487.2 22 859.3 26 595.8 30 620.4 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 9 068.6 12 816.0 13 436.4 13 916.5 14 539.8 15 304.7 El Salvador<br />

Granada 246.1 361.1 353.6 362.8 391.1 391.8 Grenada<br />

Guatemala ... ... ... ... ... ... Guatemala<br />

Guyana 520.7 592.5 599.1 617.6 635.8 658.2 Guyana<br />

Haití 2 609.0 3 536.8 ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras 3 444.8 5 224.1 5 593.9 5 827.7 6 139.1 6 659.8 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 5 738.7 7 810.3 7 937.2 8 214.6 8 017.4 8 548.0 Jamaica<br />

México 275 577.7 533 506.4 573 777.6 602 676.8 585 835.9 623 997.3 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 2 921.5 3 615.4 3 836.8 3 742.8 3 803.1 4 195.1 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 8 581.1 11 332.3 11 530.3 11 869.6 12 492.1 13 704.8 Panama<br />

Paraguay 7 315.3 6 506.8 5 896.3 4 694.3 5 094.3 6 314.8 Paraguay<br />

Perú 48 343.6 48 681.9 49 423.4 52 256.7 56 146.7 63 406.5 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 14 243.9 21 518.0 22 470.2 23 042.6 18 232.0 20 367.5 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 209.2 301.0 312.9 317.5 325.1 359.9 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 236.9 300.4 305.7 321.8 336.6 362.1 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 510.1 622.2 614.8 617.2 647.9 679.5 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 527.9 722.0 619.4 889.6 1 045.5 1 197.9 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 5 702.3 8 184.3 8 814.8 8 974.1 10 710.5 12 235.2 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 19 888.8 21 056.7 19 640.5 13 039.6 11 719.0 13 603.9 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 72 491.5 112 219.3 117 454.2 89 571.2 81 208.3 106 722.5 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 1 583 271.7 1 822 187.7 1 766 594.6 1 568 652.5 1 620 416.3 1 851 816.1 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 1 563 384.7 1 794 433.9 1 738 050.4 1 541 229.2 1 590 872.3 1 819 668.1 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 19 887.1 27 753.8 28 544.2 27 423.3 29 544.0 32 148.0 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


116 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.36 AMÉRICA LATINA: PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO POR TIPO DE GASTO, A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, BY TYPE OF EXPENDITURE, AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Millions of dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

Rubro 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Item<br />

Gobierno general 251 746.9 282 522.0 283 434.6 282 921.2 286 755.4 296 036.6 General government<br />

Consumo privado 1 081 270.7 1 265 757.5 1 276 461.0 1 243 286.7 1 264 669.5 1 319 988.5 Private consumption<br />

Variación <strong>de</strong> existencias 19 410.4 38 508.3 39 610.1 44 324.8 47 919.5 59 182.8 Increase in stocks<br />

Inversión bruta fi ja 306 718.2 375 658.9 366 046.6 343 002.5 341 293.3 385 567.8 Gross fi xed investment<br />

Construcción 110 604.1 132 478.6 129 309.2 121 849.5 125 082.4 140 538.9 Construction<br />

Maquinaria y equipo 66 235.8 110 778.5 102 381.0 90 315.0 90 375.5 105 774.2 Machinery and equipment<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios 268 105.1 410 548.9 411 959.4 420 254.5 435 845.9 490 061.8 Exports of goods and services<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios 273 908.3 428 132.7 427 128.9 403 272.8 407 954.8 469 797.4 Imports of goods and services<br />

Producto interno bruto a 1 660 496.1 1 944 863.0 1 950 024.0 1 933 685.9 1 970 781.3 2 088 173.4 Gross domestic product a<br />

Discrepancia 7 153.1 0.1 -358.9 3 168.9 2 252.4 7 133.2 Difference<br />

a The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.<br />

a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

2.1.1.37 AMÉRICA LATINA: TASAS DE VARIACIÓN DEL PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO POR TIPO DE GASTO, A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA: GROWTH RATES OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, BY TYPE OF EXPENDITURE, AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Tasa <strong>de</strong> variación anual / Annual rate of variation)<br />

Rubro 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Item<br />

Gobierno general 1.3 1.7 0.3 -0.2 1.4 3.2 General government<br />

Consumo privado – 4.3 0.8 -2.6 1.7 4.4 Private consumption<br />

Variación <strong>de</strong> existencias -0.2 54.3 2.9 11.9 8.1 23.5 Increase in stocks<br />

Inversión bruta fi ja -6.2 4.2 -2.6 -6.3 -0.5 13.0 Gross fi xed investment<br />

Construcción -11.3 0.8 -2.4 -5.8 2.7 12.4 Construction<br />

Maquinaria y equipo -17.4 8.4 -7.6 -11.8 0.1 17.0 Machinery and equipment<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios 14.0 10.9 0.3 2.0 3.7 12.4 Exports of goods and services<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios 4.5 13.6 -0.2 -5.6 1.2 15.2 Imports of goods and services<br />

Producto interno bruto a 0.4 4.0 0.3 -0.8 1.9 6.0 Gross domestic product a<br />

a The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.<br />

a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 117<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.38 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: GASTO DE CONSUMO FINAL DEL GOBIERNO GENERAL, A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: FINAL CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE BY GENERAL GOVERNMENT, AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Millions of dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 34 838.9 39 194.6 38 383.4 36 434.5 36 966.7 37 971.9 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 645.2 680.4 706.2 770.5 808.2 817.6 Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 94.8 107.4 114.0 128.9 135.1 135.5 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 1 052.8 1 221.0 1 255.9 1 299.4 1 345.8 1 337.0 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 104 335.5 114 719.7 115 821.0 117 396.1 118 934.0 123 810.3 Brazil<br />

Chile 7 876.6 9 366.2 9 640.9 9 937.6 10 179.7 10 804.6 Chile<br />

Colombia 12 088.9 18 196.5 18 399.9 18 351.1 18 300.7 18 897.3 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 1 930.9 2 117.7 2 194.1 2 242.8 2 237.3 2 266.6 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 5 798.0 6 686.9 6 835.3 7 231.5 7 560.1 8 383.3 Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 1 627.0 1 563.6 1 553.9 1 621.1 1 644.1 1 703.1 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1 217.2 1 336.0 1 397.0 1 417.7 1 475.8 1 435.3 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 999.1 1 350.7 1 423.2 1 393.1 1 384.6 1 245.2 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 245.2 254.5 263.0 259.8 262.0 252.3 Haiti<br />

Honduras 494.2 756.0 847.6 851.6 858.6 887.8 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 57 855.9 64 789.5 63 506.2 63 296.7 63 806.1 63 544.4 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 440.2 482.0 481.5 476.8 500.6 524.6 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 1 379.3 1 532.9 1 656.4 1 807.2 1 814.9 1 849.7 Panama<br />

Paraguay 911.3 898.9 821.7 795.7 779.7 826.8 Paraguay<br />

Perú 4 599.5 5 649.5 5 598.2 5 607.5 5 818.1 6 053.9 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 1 280.3 1 857.8 2 020.2 2 190.4 2 141.9 2 028.0 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 2 367.1 2 650.5 2 574.7 2 334.1 2 222.1 2 278.3 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 16 207.0 14 584.6 15 596.1 15 208.1 16 082.5 18 319.6 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 251 746.9 282 522.0 283 434.6 282 921.2 286 755.4 296 036.6 Latin America a<br />

Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


118 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.39 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: GASTO PRIVADO DE CONSUMO FINAL, A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: PRIVATE FINAL CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE, AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Millions of dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 170 160.4 197 142.7 185 824.5 159 150.7 172 151.9 188 506.0 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 2 480.3 3 359.8 3 511.7 3 420.5 3 521.9 3 592.4 Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 472.7 615.9 673.4 716.4 737.7 771.5 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 5 323.4 6 413.1 6 494.5 6 634.0 6 758.1 6 934.8 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 333 939.5 366 476.0 368 418.3 354 786.9 349 571.5 349 921.1 Brazil<br />

Chile 38 278.8 47 994.5 49 367.5 50 532.7 52 667.3 55 867.9 Chile<br />

Colombia 52 958.1 52 340.6 53 745.7 55 376.8 56 688.4 59 042.1 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 9 109.6 10 676.5 10 798.0 11 139.8 11 496.1 11 874.3 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 16 158.7 18 558.1 19 267.4 19 678.1 20 898.2 21 226.0 Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 9 561.3 10 198.7 10 889.0 11 610.6 12 215.0 12 887.9 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 10 006.8 11 549.6 11 910.7 12 121.9 12 330.4 12 597.8 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 13 507.3 16 186.8 16 798.5 17 426.0 17 988.1 18 645.8 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 3 506.9 5 497.7 5 682.5 5 612.3 5 661.3 5 450.1 Haiti<br />

Honduras 3 543.6 4 253.6 4 435.5 4 679.2 4 858.2 5 087.8 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 300 840.4 389 458.6 399 104.0 405 431.8 414 445.4 431 392.9 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 2 575.9 3 308.0 3 468.1 3 619.6 3 679.7 3 810.9 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 4 946.4 6 962.2 7 180.7 7 678.3 8 348.9 9 250.1 Panama<br />

Paraguay 5 565.9 5 621.0 5 768.2 5 358.2 5 512.1 5 757.4 Paraguay<br />

Perú 34 441.2 37 954.2 38 506.4 40 294.5 41 600.2 43 049.4 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 12 811.3 18 132.9 19 145.9 19 952.5 19 287.0 19 565.4 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 12 621.0 14 968.6 14 669.5 12 194.7 12 443.1 13 907.8 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 57 573.1 60 622.3 64 253.2 59 686.3 56 966.8 66 439.2 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 1 081 270.7 1 265 757.5 1 276 461.0 1 243 286.7 1 264 669.5 1 319 988.5 Latin America a<br />

Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 119<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.40 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VARIACIÓN DE EXISTENCIAS, A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: INVENTORY CHANGES, AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Millions of dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 3 641.1 3 768.0 5 034.3 2 703.0 4 279.5 3 905.4 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 82.6 200.7 173.9 136.9 142.3 150.6 Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice -60.0 42.9 9.6 -19.1 14.1 -3.9 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia -44.9 21.5 77.5 96.0 57.1 -14.4 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 7 142.8 13 589.5 10 873.2 22 965.0 30 276.6 33 576.7 Brazil<br />

Chile 996.4 847.6 294.6 408.8 802.7 1 375.0 Chile<br />

Colombia 2 211.9 953.4 277.5 311.0 272.6 349.0 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 53.6 -139.1 606.2 742.7 356.5 736.7 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 572.4 191.5 331.9 227.4 104.0 358.8 Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 248.4 -60.0 615.3 855.7 148.6 382.6 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 150.1 -0.9 78.2 -71.2 1.6 1.6 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 134.4 329.8 492.2 964.9 1 198.7 1 458.7 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras 521.4 276.0 326.0 307.9 321.4 277.7 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 1 953.5 13 946.4 15 739.3 14 963.4 9 101.8 9 521.7 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 16.1 43.4 4.9 -4.6 -21.5 -64.8 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 434.7 343.2 297.3 284.9 265.9 303.3 Panama<br />

Paraguay 164.7 94.3 318.7 193.5 221.5 327.2 Paraguay<br />

Perú 408.4 -22.7 39.7 728.2 509.2 482.9 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 268.0 667.0 238.8 467.3 47.9 118.4 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 438.0 156.3 150.5 50.4 534.1 532.9 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 671.6 3 694.6 4 145.8 -1 642.2 -454.7 5 912.4 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 19 410.4 38 508.3 39 610.1 44 324.8 47 919.5 59 182.8 Latin America a<br />

Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


120 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.41 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: FORMACIÓN BRUTA DE CAPITAL, A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: GROSS CAPITAL FORMATION, AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Millions of dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 45 058.2 49 811.0 43 866.9 27 503.0 38 377.2 49 741.8 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 959.3 1 930.0 1 786.7 1 782.9 1 779.0 1 806.0 Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 81.5 281.4 233.2 192.6 196.1 168.3 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 1 018.5 1 523.7 1 257.5 1 493.6 1 303.1 1 171.5 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 115 751.2 129 637.6 128 151.4 135 364.4 136 909.9 151 833.1 Brazil<br />

Chile 15 285.6 16 435.0 16 558.5 16 932.3 18 269.6 20 806.2 Chile<br />

Colombia 20 322.7 11 467.0 11 684.0 12 840.8 14 733.5 16 912.2 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 2 293.3 2 696.7 3 515.2 3 842.5 3 679.2 4 041.2 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 2 903.6 3 821.7 3 859.1 3 439.6 3 102.9 3 574.5 Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 4 190.0 3 204.6 4 646.8 5 650.0 4 924.2 5 432.0 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 2 213.3 2 223.1 2 335.7 2 245.5 2 395.5 2 303.5 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 2 420.9 3 440.3 3 659.9 4 265.2 4 352.7 4 659.3 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 586.7 1 001.7 989.2 1 014.5 1 045.9 1 012.4 Haiti<br />

Honduras 1 699.3 1 851.0 1 780.1 1 676.6 1 789.6 2 026.3 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 68 599.2 138 138.0 132 929.4 131 405.3 125 973.4 135 163.1 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 738.8 1 219.8 1 117.5 1 038.2 1 027.4 1 071.1 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 2 431.8 2 805.1 2 126.8 2 011.3 2 394.3 2 667.6 Panama<br />

Paraguay 1 871.9 1 334.8 1 481.9 1 278.6 1 386.7 1 551.1 Paraguay<br />

Perú 11 968.6 10 753.9 9 928.1 10 507.2 10 919.5 11 786.7 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 2 840.5 5 505.4 4 921.2 5 361.6 3 743.2 3 565.4 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 2 973.1 2 803.4 2 548.4 1 669.2 1 968.8 2 401.7 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 23 864.9 28 315.0 32 158.3 21 227.5 14 019.1 26 604.5 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 326 128.7 414 167.2 405 656.7 387 327.2 389 212.8 444 750.7 Latin America a<br />

Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 121<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.42 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: FORMACIÓN BRUTA DE CAPITAL FIJO, A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: FIXED GROSS CAPITAL FORMATION, AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Millions of dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 41 417.1 46 043.0 38 832.6 24 800.1 34 097.7 45 836.4 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 959.3 1 930.0 1 786.7 1 782.9 1 779.0 1 806.0 Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 81.5 281.4 233.2 192.6 196.1 168.3 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 1 063.4 1 502.2 1 180.0 1 397.6 1 246.0 1 185.9 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 108 608.4 116 048.1 117 278.2 112 399.4 106 633.3 118 256.4 Brazil<br />

Chile 14 289.2 15 587.3 16 263.9 16 523.5 17 466.9 19 431.2 Chile<br />

Colombia 18 110.7 10 513.7 11 406.5 12 529.8 14 460.8 16 563.2 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 2 239.7 2 835.8 2 909.0 3 099.8 3 322.7 3 304.4 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 2 331.2 3 630.2 3 527.2 3 212.2 2 998.8 3 215.6 Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 3 941.7 3 264.7 4 031.5 4 794.3 4 775.6 5 049.4 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 2 063.2 2 224.0 2 257.5 2 316.7 2 393.9 2 302.0 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 2 286.4 3 110.5 3 167.6 3 300.3 3 154.0 3 200.7 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 586.7 1 001.7 989.2 1 014.5 1 045.9 1 012.4 Haiti<br />

Honduras 1 177.9 1 575.0 1 454.1 1 368.7 1 468.2 1 748.6 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 66 645.7 124 191.6 117 190.1 116 441.9 116 871.6 125 641.5 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 722.7 1 176.4 1 112.6 1 042.7 1 049.0 1 135.9 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 1 997.0 2 461.9 1 829.4 1 726.4 2 128.4 2 364.3 Panama<br />

Paraguay 1 707.3 1 240.5 1 163.2 1 085.1 1 165.1 1 223.9 Paraguay<br />

Perú 11 560.2 10 776.6 9 888.4 9 779.0 10 410.3 11 303.8 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 2 572.5 4 838.4 4 682.4 4 894.3 3 695.3 3 447.0 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 2 535.1 2 647.1 2 398.0 1 618.8 1 434.8 1 868.8 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 23 193.3 24 620.4 28 012.4 22 869.6 14 473.9 20 692.1 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 306 718.2 375 658.9 366 046.6 343 002.5 341 293.3 385 567.8 Latin America a<br />

Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


122 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.43 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: FORMACIÓN BRUTA DE CAPITAL FIJO EN CONSTRUCCIÓN, A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: FIXED GROSS CAPITAL FORMATION IN CONSTRUCTION, AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Millions of dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 26 682.8 28 876.4 26 150.1 17 732.6 23 932.2 30 102.7 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 376.8 787.4 734.1 822.2 795.6 759.9 Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 588.7 759.0 596.2 706.1 629.5 599.2 Bolivia<br />

Brasil ... ... ... ... ... ... Brazil<br />

Chile 9 030.8 9 757.3 10 197.6 10 422.1 11 039.6 11 643.5 Chile<br />

Colombia ... ... ... ... ... ... Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 1 020.9 1 165.4 1 302.3 1 285.3 1 377.8 1 370.2 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 1 386.0 2 271.1 ... ... ... ... Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 1 985.9 1 979.4 2 444.3 2 906.8 2 895.4 3 061.5 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1 113.5 1 255.4 1 330.6 1 446.2 1 491.5 1 296.2 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 674.5 771.5 860.1 896.2 856.4 869.1 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras 576.6 690.6 653.2 560.3 601.0 715.8 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 42 810.9 61 173.2 58 341.0 60 388.1 62 303.5 65 974.6 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 423.9 554.6 565.8 480.9 495.5 562.2 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 744.5 1 121.7 848.8 800.3 1 055.9 1 208.8 Panama<br />

Paraguay 679.6 744.3 727.6 689.8 662.3 677.1 Paraguay<br />

Perú 6 705.6 6 308.6 5 872.9 6 332.7 6 587.7 6 891.0 Peru<br />

República Dominicana ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 1 616.6 1 735.4 1 591.1 1 214.6 1 096.6 1 188.8 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 15 949.3 15 585.9 17 827.5 15 987.5 10 057.5 14 378.3 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 110 604.1 132 478.6 129 309.2 121 849.5 125 082.4 140 538.9 Latin America a<br />

Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 123<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.44 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: FORMACIÓN BRUTA DE CAPITAL FIJO EN MAQUINARIA, EQUIPOS Y OTROS, A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: FIXED GROSS CAPITAL FORMATION IN MACHINERY, EQUIPMENT, AND OTHER GOODS, AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Millions of dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 14 734.3 17 166.6 12 682.5 7 067.4 10 165.4 15 733.7 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 499.9 941.9 878.6 823.9 841.0 895.4 Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 474.8 743.2 583.8 691.5 616.4 586.7 Bolivia<br />

Brasil ... ... ... ... ... ... Brazil<br />

Chile 5 258.4 5 830.0 6 066.3 6 101.4 6 427.3 7 787.7 Chile<br />

Colombia ... ... ... ... ... ... Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 1 218.8 1 670.4 1 606.7 1 814.5 1 944.9 1 934.3 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 945.3 1 359.1 ... ... ... ... Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 1 955.8 1 285.3 1 587.2 1 887.5 1 880.1 1 987.9 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 949.6 968.6 926.8 870.4 902.4 1 005.8 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 1 611.9 2 339.0 2 307.5 2 404.2 2 297.6 2 331.6 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras 601.3 884.4 801.0 808.4 867.2 1 032.8 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 23 834.8 63 018.4 58 849.1 56 053.8 54 568.1 59 666.9 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 298.8 621.9 546.7 561.9 553.5 573.7 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 1 252.6 1 340.2 980.7 926.1 1 072.5 1 155.6 Panama<br />

Paraguay 1 027.7 496.2 435.6 395.3 502.9 546.8 Paraguay<br />

Perú 4 854.5 4 468.1 4 015.5 3 446.3 3 822.6 4 437.0 Peru<br />

República Dominicana ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 918.5 911.7 806.9 404.2 338.1 680.0 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 7 243.9 9 034.5 10 184.9 6 882.2 4 416.4 6 313.7 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 66 235.8 110 778.5 102 381.0 90 315.0 90 375.5 105 774.2 Latin America a<br />

Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


124 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.45 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: EXPORTACIONES DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS, A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: EXPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES, AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Millions of dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 22 848.8 30 952.1 31 800.5 32 784.4 34 749.1 37 569.0 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 1 992.2 2 361.1 2 225.7 2 396.3 2 368.4 2 622.0 Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 286.3 440.8 458.4 498.1 563.9 556.4 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 1 410.4 1 534.7 1 663.3 1 734.5 1 948.2 2 262.3 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 45 781.2 64 160.9 71 372.6 77 011.1 83 903.5 99 006.2 Brazil<br />

Chile 16 106.9 23 759.3 25 477.5 25 886.2 27 559.0 30 821.9 Chile<br />

Colombia 13 194.8 18 011.4 18 440.1 17 509.8 18 511.7 20 623.9 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 4 386.0 7 753.7 7 025.0 7 291.0 8 164.9 8 831.5 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 2 677.9 4 318.9 4 163.5 4 005.3 4 236.9 4 639.1 Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 5 278.7 5 905.6 5 858.8 5 809.5 6 237.5 7 130.4 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1 913.6 3 598.8 3 591.5 3 804.9 3 949.0 4 207.8 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 2 981.3 3 895.4 3 739.8 3 525.8 3 480.3 3 708.9 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 209.5 465.2 455.1 445.7 477.5 524.1 Haiti<br />

Honduras 2 348.3 2 490.6 2 571.2 2 697.4 2 839.7 3 116.3 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 93 785.0 179 888.6 173 419.8 175 920.9 180 659.5 201 684.6 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 529.2 940.7 1 009.9 974.4 1 063.8 1 235.0 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 8 433.9 8 433.6 8 462.1 8 251.1 7 421.2 8 241.2 Panama<br />

Paraguay 3 942.3 2 703.2 2 442.5 2 831.0 2 955.3 3 007.4 Paraguay<br />

Perú 5 663.5 8 557.9 9 187.1 9 820.5 10 442.0 11 976.9 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 5 779.4 8 774.9 8 311.4 8 520.5 9 105.4 9 390.3 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 3 146.7 3 877.4 3 523.5 3 158.9 3 291.8 4 199.0 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 30 365.6 34 844.6 33 607.9 32 276.8 29 086.3 32 525.1 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 268 105.1 410 548.9 411 959.4 420 254.5 435 845.9 490 061.8 Latin America a<br />

Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 125<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.46 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: IMPORTACIONES DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS, A PRECIOS CONSTANTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES, AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Millions of dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 22 870.5 32 754.6 28 186.4 14 076.4 19 364.1 27 133.5 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 1 812.4 3 172.1 3 024.6 2 995.5 3 058.8 3 247.5 Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 313.6 613.0 608.1 624.1 637.3 590.3 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 1 765.0 2 294.5 2 178.9 2 455.4 2 470.8 2 603.1 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 62 684.2 73 261.5 74 147.9 65 027.7 63 935.3 73 078.0 Brazil<br />

Chile 16 623.4 22 358.0 23 271.3 23 795.3 26 111.9 30 812.0 Chile<br />

Colombia 19 444.8 16 249.0 17 353.0 17 610.7 18 382.7 21 611.0 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 5 059.7 7 298.2 7 377.9 7 886.4 7 967.5 8 691.6 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 4 098.9 5 179.6 4 985.2 4 621.2 5 181.7 5 850.5 Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 5 454.3 4 938.8 6 164.4 7 194.6 6 888.9 7 634.9 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 3 953.4 5 573.3 5 808.9 5 906.7 6 189.2 6 399.1 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 3 773.3 5 584.2 5 970.1 6 540.4 6 703.9 7 189.9 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 1 479.1 3 554.7 3 480.7 3 440.0 3 549.1 3 511.3 Haiti<br />

Honduras 2 831.1 3 326.5 3 459.5 3 544.0 3 802.7 4 333.4 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 78 597.5 191 483.2 188 358.8 191 114.2 192 438.1 214 793.5 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 1 180.4 2 012.5 2 026.6 2 023.8 2 094.4 2 265.1 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 7 795.1 8 113.3 7 760.5 7 813.9 7 538.6 8 631.1 Panama<br />

Paraguay 5 366.2 3 462.7 3 251.0 3 049.3 3 158.8 3 353.6 Paraguay<br />

Perú 9 463.6 9 580.0 9 836.7 10 111.2 10 479.3 11 587.2 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 6 517.0 10 854.4 10 367.6 10 752.6 9 341.6 9 115.0 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 3 294.3 4 214.4 3 916.0 2 823.2 2 987.1 3 778.4 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 15 755.2 21 218.9 24 212.4 18 106.9 14 550.8 23 275.7 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 273 908.3 428 132.7 427 128.9 403 272.8 407 954.8 469 797.4 Latin America a<br />

Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


126 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.47 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO POR TIPO DE GASTO, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, BY TYPE OF EXPENDITURE, AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

Rubro 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Item<br />

Gobierno general 255 849.7 286 832.7 280 881.7 249 446.9 258 691.2 285 616.3 General government<br />

Consumo privado 1 079 448.6 1 281 021.9 1 266 910.4 1 103 097.7 1 132 029.3 1 266 278.4 Private consumption<br />

Variación <strong>de</strong> existencias 32 059.6 38 802.8 25 818.7 19 024.7 23 709.2 36 566.3 Increase in stocks<br />

Inversión bruta fi ja 332 845.2 382 846.7 362 399.8 313 978.5 318 414.8 389 490.0 Gross fi xed investment<br />

Construcción 192 056.1 218 116.3 204 578.9 174 271.4 178 174.4 219 388.7 Construction<br />

Maquinaria y equipo 114 423.3 145 263.4 135 901.2 117 047.5 118 272.8 142 718.0 Machinery and equipment<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios 279 256.2 424 425.2 406 988.9 410 940.8 442 950.4 540 916.3 Exports of goods and services<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios 294 463.1 441 076.2 431 403.1 401 046.8 414 829.2 498 883.3 Imports of goods and services<br />

Producto interno bruto a 1 686 380.4 1 973 472.2 1 912 098.1 1 696 325.6 1 762 335.3 2 022 309.3 Gross domestic product a<br />

Discrepancia 817.6 -155.6 -163.0 -70.8 247.7 1 040.1 Difference<br />

a The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba, but does inclu<strong>de</strong> the gross domestic product of Suriname.<br />

a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba. Se incluye la suma <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto <strong>de</strong> Suriname.<br />

2.1.1.48 AMÉRICA LATINA: PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO POR TIPO DE GASTO, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, BY TYPE OF EXPENDITURE, AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

Rubro 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Item<br />

Gobierno general 252 933.1 282 522.0 276 239.2 244 535.4 253 832.3 280 777.3 General government<br />

Consumo privado 1 067 103.4 1 263 427.3 1 248 384.5 1 083 797.8 1 112 229.2 1 245 221.7 Private consumption<br />

Variación <strong>de</strong> existencias 31 964.1 38 508.3 25 575.3 18 855.0 23 493.2 36 356.5 Increase in stocks<br />

Inversión bruta fi ja 327 880.7 375 658.9 354 833.0 306 071.1 310 506.6 380 879.7 Gross fi xed investment<br />

Construcción 190 845.5 216 507.0 202 996.2 172 613.3 176 478.9 217 547.6 Construction<br />

Maquinaria y equipo 113 000.1 142 798.1 133 260.6 114 463.0 115 514.5 139 721.0 Machinery and equipment<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios 269 095.8 410 549.2 393 632.9 397 787.4 427 954.9 523 934.7 Exports of goods and services<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios 283 988.8 425 802.6 416 083.9 385 384.1 398 487.2 480 573.3 Imports of goods and services<br />

Producto interno bruto a 1 665 950.9 1 944 863.2 1 882 581.1 1 665 662.2 1 729 529.1 1 986 596.6 Gross domestic product a<br />

Discrepancia 962.5 – – -0.3 – – Difference<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 127<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.49 CARIBE: PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO POR TIPO DE GASTO, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

CARIBBEAN: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, BY TYPE OF EXPENDITURE, AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

Rubro 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Item<br />

Gobierno general 2 916.7 4 310.7 4 642.5 4 911.5 4 858.9 4 839.0 General government<br />

Consumo privado 12 345.2 17 594.6 18 525.9 19 299.9 19 800.1 21 056.6 Private consumption<br />

Variación <strong>de</strong> existencias 95.5 294.5 243.4 169.8 215.9 209.8 Increase in stocks<br />

Inversión bruta fi ja 4 964.6 7 187.8 7 566.8 7 907.4 7 908.3 8 610.3 Gross fi xed investment<br />

Construcción 1 210.6 1 609.3 1 582.7 1 658.1 1 695.5 1 841.1 Construction<br />

Maquinaria y equipo 1 423.1 2 465.2 2 640.6 2 584.5 2 758.3 2 997.0 Machinery and equipment<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios 10 160.3 13 876.0 13 356.0 13 153.4 14 995.5 16 981.7 Exports of goods and services<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios 10 474.3 15 273.6 15 319.2 15 662.7 16 342.0 18 310.0 Imports of goods and services<br />

Producto interno bruto a 20 429.6 28 609.0 29 517.1 30 663.4 32 806.2 35 712.8 Gross domestic product a<br />

Discrepancia -145.0 -155.6 -163.0 -70.5 247.7 1 040.1 Difference<br />

a a Se incluye la suma <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto <strong>de</strong> Suriname.<br />

Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the sum of gross domestic product of Suriname.


128 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.50 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: GASTO DE CONSUMO FINAL DEL GOBIERNO GENERAL, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: FINAL CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE BY GENERAL GOVERNMENT, AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 105.5 148.1 161.1 186.9 153.3 163.3 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 34 454.4 39 194.6 38 056.0 12 485.1 14 823.3 17 044.4 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 476.2 680.4 730.4 770.4 785.0 826.3 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 375.9 542.2 564.5 559.6 616.0 643.2 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 88.6 107.4 114.2 133.4 144.8 150.5 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 911.4 1 221.0 1 280.2 1 262.3 1 335.3 1 329.5 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 138 015.3 114 719.7 97 866.7 92 769.8 100 624.5 113 613.2 Brazil<br />

Chile 7 525.9 9 366.2 8 632.0 8 627.7 9 131.6 11 396.3 Chile<br />

Colombia 14 094.2 18 196.5 17 731.3 16 794.4 15 677.2 18 903.7 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 1 583.7 2 117.7 2 349.2 2 496.0 2 536.4 2 627.8 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 4 561.5 6 686.9 7 660.5 8 545.6 8 546.7 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 45.6 59.5 56.6 54.6 50.1 51.7 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 2 524.9 1 563.6 2 192.5 2 685.4 3 310.7 3 716.3 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 821.0 1 336.0 1 448.7 1 476.4 1 493.9 1 534.7 El Salvador<br />

Granada 45.8 60.2 68.3 72.6 69.0 80.7 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 807.5 1 350.7 1 580.4 1 662.7 1 807.0 1 735.6 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 99.3 196.2 162.8 173.0 195.6 190.3 Guyana<br />

Haití 219.5 254.5 255.5 236.2 213.0 275.8 Haiti<br />

Honduras 369.0 756.0 891.3 908.2 934.5 995.6 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 644.1 1 248.0 1 260.4 1 358.9 1 271.6 1 276.6 Jamaica<br />

México 29 906.3 64 789.5 73 148.4 78 694.0 79 316.6 80 982.7 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 337.9 482.0 487.5 429.6 466.1 503.6 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 1 181.2 1 532.9 1 646.1 1 819.3 1 807.0 1 929.7 Panama<br />

Paraguay 803.9 898.9 780.4 577.1 580.4 684.6 Paraguay<br />

Perú 5 230.3 5 649.5 5 764.2 5 748.8 6 297.7 6 935.6 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 718.2 1 857.8 2 089.5 2 198.2 1 448.2 1 264.7 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 46.9 69.6 70.9 69.3 65.3 80.5 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 53.4 65.1 68.4 74.8 74.7 80.5 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 89.9 159.3 173.9 174.7 161.6 169.9 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 845.6 974.7 1 210.9 1 283.5 1 272.0 1 125.7 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 2 284.7 2 650.5 2 540.5 1 581.7 1 270.3 1 433.2 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 11 143.5 14 584.6 17 499.0 12 082.5 10 758.4 13 870.3 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 255 849.7 286 832.7 280 881.7 249 446.9 258 691.2 285 616.3 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 252 933.1 282 522.0 276 239.2 244 535.4 253 832.3 280 777.3 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 2 916.7 4 310.7 4 642.5 4 911.5 4 858.9 4 839.0 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 129<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.51 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: GASTO PRIVADO DE CONSUMO FINAL, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: PRIVATE FINAL CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE, AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 249.2 228.4 238.7 236.0 279.7 308.8 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 176 952.8 197 142.7 185 256.9 63 162.1 81 901.9 96 188.9 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 2 333.9 3 359.8 3 621.0 3 555.1 3 771.1 3 892.2 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 1 149.8 1 743.9 1 643.2 1 628.8 1 793.2 1 872.1 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 445.6 615.9 678.7 728.4 759.9 816.4 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 5 091.3 6 413.1 6 129.8 5 830.2 5 743.0 5 979.8 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 421 623.1 366 476.0 307 824.2 267 449.4 286 953.8 333 403.6 Brazil<br />

Chile 43 841.4 47 994.5 43 739.7 42 444.9 45 327.9 54 888.5 Chile<br />

Colombia 60 491.8 52 340.6 52 936.5 53 134.7 50 453.5 60 372.1 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 8 324.5 10 676.5 11 219.8 11 421.9 11 691.8 12 265.9 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 14 140.5 18 558.1 19 180.1 19 608.2 20 982.9 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 141.2 174.2 191.7 181.6 177.9 194.0 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 13 827.2 10 198.7 14 832.6 17 245.2 19 858.7 22 223.8 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 8 306.7 11 549.6 12 244.1 12 590.4 13 391.5 14 488.4 El Salvador<br />

Granada 186.4 244.4 268.9 299.2 322.3 346.3 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 12 546.5 16 186.8 17 804.3 20 065.5 21 544.3 24 007.5 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 288.0 355.3 395.1 368.6 369.4 429.1 Guyana<br />

Haití 2 300.5 3 167.5 3 179.8 2 940.0 2 651.7 3 432.8 Haiti<br />

Honduras 2 514.9 4 253.6 4 667.5 4 987.2 5 252.0 5 669.4 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 4 082.1 5 424.5 5 805.4 6 112.4 5 936.6 6 303.9 Jamaica<br />

México 191 918.1 389 458.6 432 962.0 448 066.5 439 037.6 465 480.6 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 2 641.4 3 308.0 3 531.7 3 605.8 3 676.7 3 970.3 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 5 193.7 6 962.2 7 276.3 7 885.2 8 015.7 9 061.0 Panama<br />

Paraguay 6 116.4 5 621.0 5 081.9 3 811.5 4 075.0 5 099.5 Paraguay<br />

Perú 38 166.8 37 954.2 39 015.8 40 939.8 43 486.4 47 664.5 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 12 454.3 18 132.9 19 390.4 19 442.0 15 096.4 16 663.0 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 130.2 195.1 173.4 211.4 184.3 199.2 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 168.9 199.6 207.7 218.5 248.8 289.1 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 333.9 394.8 351.9 414.5 461.7 504.4 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 2 835.9 4 658.9 4 950.3 5 345.5 5 495.1 5 901.1 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 14 059.7 14 968.6 13 803.2 9 040.2 8 343.0 9 742.3 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 40 732.1 60 622.3 67 488.0 49 735.2 45 728.4 54 619.7 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 1 079 448.6 1 281 021.9 1 266 910.4 1 103 097.7 1 132 029.3 1 266 278.4 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 1 067 103.4 1 263 427.3 1 248 384.5 1 083 797.8 1 112 229.2 1 245 221.7 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 12 345.2 17 594.6 18 525.9 19 299.9 19 800.1 21 056.6 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


130 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.52 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VARIACIÓN DE EXISTENCIAS, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: INVENTORY CHANGES, AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 1 493.2 3 768.0 3 855.8 -1 003.8 -704.0 -311.6 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 76.0 200.7 176.2 137.3 147.9 159.4 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 9.7 3.7 3.2 3.3 3.6 4.7 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice -41.7 42.9 15.7 -19.6 14.0 0.6 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia -19.4 21.5 27.8 69.3 39.0 -22.5 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 12 285.2 13 589.5 8 802.0 6 624.1 9 993.1 10 337.4 Brazil<br />

Chile 701.3 847.6 251.3 227.8 599.3 1 047.5 Chile<br />

Colombia 3 147.5 953.4 515.0 603.4 561.0 ... Colombia<br />

Costa Rica -88.6 -139.1 325.3 633.3 256.3 786.0 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 1 562.5 191.5 215.0 15.0 108.0 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 4.4 4.9 4.1 3.4 4.8 5.0 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 556.9 -60.0 612.2 786.8 70.8 464.9 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 126.3 -0.9 33.3 -29.7 44.4 70.5 El Salvador<br />

Granada 4.4 ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 79.2 329.8 486.3 851.5 1 111.7 1 466.5 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras 300.1 276.0 372.0 225.8 245.7 291.3 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 22.5 14.1 13.1 15.9 14.9 8.2 Jamaica<br />

México 10 498.0 13 946.4 5 160.1 8 768.3 9 992.3 16 363.0 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 57.1 43.4 -26.9 48.8 45.5 35.3 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 482.1 343.2 288.3 268.1 249.4 301.8 Panama<br />

Paraguay 189.2 94.3 86.9 73.4 53.1 149.1 Paraguay<br />

Perú 407.4 -22.7 46.3 798.0 566.0 625.6 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 220.9 667.0 236.6 447.6 53.4 192.9 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 11.8 18.0 20.4 18.6 19.1 19.2 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 6.2 7.7 7.4 7.6 8.0 8.6 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 2.1 2.6 3.2 3.3 3.6 3.9 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 362.9 156.3 233.2 174.4 352.6 237.4 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 1 164.7 3 694.6 4 269.8 -712.0 -36.5 4 321.4 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 32 059.6 38 802.8 25 818.7 19 024.7 23 709.2 36 566.3 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 31 964.1 38 508.3 25 575.3 18 855.0 23 493.2 36 356.5 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 95.5 294.5 243.4 169.8 215.9 209.8 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 131<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.53 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: FORMACIÓN BRUTA DE CAPITAL, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: GROSS CAPITAL FORMATION, AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 182.2 319.4 347.1 366.5 391.0 408.7 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 47 789.9 49 811.0 41 973.7 11 201.1 18 913.5 29 038.8 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 948.3 1 930.0 1 779.9 1 773.7 1 758.7 1 824.1 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 284.1 473.5 412.5 417.7 455.0 602.3 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 93.0 281.4 234.9 191.2 201.4 187.3 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 1 023.7 1 523.7 1 161.7 1 312.7 1 080.0 1 084.7 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 156 949.3 129 637.6 107 789.7 91 054.1 99 929.2 128 737.7 Brazil<br />

Chile 18 781.5 16 435.0 15 145.2 14 567.5 16 174.7 20 288.4 Chile<br />

Colombia 23 864.6 11 467.0 11 688.7 12 405.0 13 652.4 17 074.1 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 2 136.9 2 696.7 3 327.3 3 810.3 3 612.9 4 245.5 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 3 741.1 3 821.7 3 632.3 3 089.1 3 052.9 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 69.0 76.1 63.6 52.7 74.9 78.3 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 4 354.0 3 204.6 5 157.7 6 586.9 6 146.5 7 430.8 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1 904.3 2 223.1 2 302.7 2 344.5 2 555.1 2 537.9 El Salvador<br />

Granada 88.6 179.4 143.0 133.9 185.4 155.6 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 2 206.5 3 440.3 3 729.4 4 452.3 4 681.2 5 412.3 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 282.3 274.4 274.3 276.2 260.3 252.4 Guyana<br />

Haití 703.4 1 001.7 907.0 805.8 867.6 1 000.9 Haiti<br />

Honduras 1 249.7 1 851.0 1 892.3 1 685.7 1 849.9 2 290.0 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 1 670.1 2 115.7 2 373.1 2 693.4 2 445.3 2 777.1 Jamaica<br />

México 56 718.4 138 138.0 129 535.0 133 659.2 130 942.8 150 562.2 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 700.5 1 219.8 1 165.2 1 049.6 1 060.7 1 219.3 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 2 293.3 2 805.1 2 082.5 1 932.9 2 456.7 2 744.8 Panama<br />

Paraguay 2 098.8 1 334.8 1 206.6 951.8 1 106.2 1 446.1 Paraguay<br />

Perú 13 319.3 10 753.9 10 064.6 10 760.9 11 483.3 13 123.3 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 2 748.4 5 505.4 4 892.7 5 276.9 3 082.2 3 687.8 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 106.8 163.3 185.4 169.4 174.0 174.9 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 79.8 91.5 102.9 108.4 127.4 133.3 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 142.2 189.5 177.5 161.6 159.3 169.5 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 1 113.6 1 388.2 1 716.0 1 732.5 1 891.6 2 056.7 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 2 973.3 2 803.4 2 556.4 1 414.4 1 408.5 1 728.5 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 18 029.0 28 315.0 33 829.9 19 654.4 12 996.6 23 583.2 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 364 904.9 421 649.5 388 218.5 333 003.2 342 124.0 426 056.3 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 359 844.8 414 167.2 380 408.3 324 926.0 333 999.8 417 236.2 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 5 060.1 7 482.3 7 810.2 8 077.2 8 124.2 8 820.0 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


132 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.54 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: FORMACIÓN BRUTA DE CAPITAL FIJO, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: FIXED GROSS CAPITAL FORMATION, AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 182.2 319.4 347.1 366.5 391.0 408.7 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 46 296.7 46 043.0 38 117.9 12 205.0 19 617.5 29 350.4 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 872.3 1 729.3 1 603.7 1 636.4 1 610.7 1 664.7 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 274.4 469.8 409.3 414.4 451.4 597.5 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 134.6 238.5 219.2 210.8 187.4 186.7 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 1 043.1 1 502.2 1 133.9 1 243.4 1 041.0 1 107.2 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 144 664.1 116 048.1 98 987.7 84 430.0 89 936.1 118 400.4 Brazil<br />

Chile 18 080.2 15 587.3 14 893.9 14 339.7 15 575.4 19 240.8 Chile<br />

Colombia 20 717.1 10 513.7 11 173.7 11 801.6 13 091.4 17 074.1 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 2 225.5 2 835.8 3 002.0 3 177.0 3 356.7 3 459.5 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 2 178.6 3 630.2 3 417.3 3 074.1 2 944.9 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 64.6 71.2 59.6 49.4 70.1 73.3 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 3 797.0 3 264.7 4 545.5 5 800.1 6 075.6 6 965.9 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1 778.0 2 224.0 2 269.4 2 374.2 2 510.7 2 467.4 El Salvador<br />

Granada 84.2 179.4 143.0 133.9 185.4 155.6 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 2 127.3 3 110.5 3 243.1 3 600.8 3 569.5 3 945.7 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 282.3 274.4 274.3 276.2 260.3 252.4 Guyana<br />

Haití 703.4 1 001.7 907.0 805.8 867.6 1 000.9 Haiti<br />

Honduras 949.6 1 575.0 1 520.3 1 460.0 1 604.2 1 998.7 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 1 647.6 2 101.6 2 360.0 2 677.5 2 430.4 2 768.8 Jamaica<br />

México 46 220.4 124 191.6 124 374.9 124 890.9 120 950.4 134 199.2 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 643.4 1 176.4 1 192.1 1 000.7 1 015.2 1 184.0 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 1 811.1 2 461.9 1 794.2 1 664.8 2 207.3 2 443.1 Panama<br />

Paraguay 1 909.6 1 240.5 1 119.7 878.4 1 053.0 1 297.0 Paraguay<br />

Perú 12 911.9 10 776.6 10 018.3 9 963.0 10 917.3 12 497.7 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 2 527.4 4 838.4 4 656.1 4 829.3 3 028.8 3 494.8 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 95.1 145.3 165.0 150.7 154.8 155.7 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 79.8 91.5 102.9 108.4 127.4 133.3 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 136.0 181.7 170.1 154.0 151.3 160.9 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 1 111.5 1 385.6 1 712.7 1 729.2 1 888.1 2 052.8 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 2 610.4 2 647.1 2 323.2 1 240.1 1 055.9 1 491.0 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 16 864.3 24 620.4 29 560.0 20 366.4 13 033.1 19 261.8 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 332 845.2 382 846.7 362 399.8 313 978.5 318 414.8 389 490.0 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 327 880.7 375 658.9 354 833.0 306 071.1 310 506.6 380 879.7 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 4 964.6 7 187.8 7 566.8 7 907.4 7 908.3 8 610.3 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 133<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.55 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: FORMACIÓN BRUTA DE CAPITAL FIJO EN CONSTRUCCIÓN, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: FIXED GROSS CAPITAL FORMATION IN CONSTRUCTION, AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 29 210.4 28 876.4 25 441.0 7 536.4 12 178.4 17 282.5 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 359.0 787.4 735.9 823.2 793.3 800.6 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 176.6 289.7 252.3 255.5 278.3 368.4 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 530.3 759.0 572.9 628.2 525.9 559.4 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 99 238.4 84 028.5 68 766.3 59 059.5 61 581.0 81 071.0 Brazil<br />

Chile 10 745.8 9 757.3 9 214.3 9 005.1 10 034.4 12 495.0 Chile<br />

Colombia ... ... ... ... ... ... Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 1 107.0 1 165.4 1 233.7 1 305.6 1 379.5 1 421.7 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba ... 2 271.1 2 071.7 ... ... ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 34.2 37.7 31.6 26.2 37.2 38.8 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 1 915.0 1 979.4 2 755.9 2 925.2 3 064.2 3 513.2 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1 003.6 1 255.4 1 281.0 1 340.2 1 417.2 1 392.8 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 619.5 771.5 910.3 1 016.4 1 011.5 1 021.3 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras 482.2 690.6 ... ... ... ... Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 24 301.9 61 173.2 64 092.8 66 899.7 66 612.8 74 575.2 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 363.7 554.6 626.6 482.6 519.1 635.1 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 789.0 1 121.7 841.8 757.6 1 151.6 1 333.1 Panama<br />

Paraguay 1 093.5 744.3 482.6 468.9 679.4 752.6 Paraguay<br />

Perú 7 626.0 6 308.6 6 079.2 6 610.7 7 148.6 8 118.9 Peru<br />

República Dominicana ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 42.9 65.6 74.5 68.1 69.9 70.3 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 56.6 64.3 69.1 69.4 76.6 87.8 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 86.4 115.1 111.0 104.5 100.3 105.7 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 454.8 249.4 308.3 311.3 339.9 369.5 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 1 638.9 1 735.4 1 522.9 829.8 664.4 797.2 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 10 180.2 15 585.9 19 175.0 13 747.3 8 510.9 12 578.4 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 192 056.1 218 116.3 204 578.9 174 271.4 178 174.4 219 388.7 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 190 845.5 216 507.0 202 996.2 172 613.3 176 478.9 217 547.6 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 1 210.6 1 609.3 1 582.7 1 658.1 1 695.5 1 841.1 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


134 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.56 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: FORMACIÓN BRUTA DE CAPITAL FIJO EN MAQUINARIA, EQUIPOS Y OTROS, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: FIXED GROSS CAPITAL FORMATION IN MACHINERY, EQUIPMENT, AND OTHER GOODS, AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 17 086.2 17 166.6 12 676.9 4 668.2 7 439.1 12 067.9 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 513.3 941.9 867.8 813.2 817.4 864.2 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 97.8 180.1 156.9 158.9 173.1 229.1 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 512.8 743.2 561.0 615.2 515.0 547.8 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 45 425.7 32 019.6 30 221.4 25 370.5 28 355.1 37 329.3 Brazil<br />

Chile 7 334.5 5 830.0 5 679.6 5 334.6 5 541.0 6 745.8 Chile<br />

Colombia ... ... ... ... ... ... Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 1 118.5 1 670.4 1 768.3 1 871.4 1 977.2 2 037.8 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba ... 1 359.1 1 345.6 ... ... ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 30.4 33.5 28.0 23.2 33.0 34.4 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 1 882.0 1 285.3 1 789.6 2 874.9 3 011.4 3 452.7 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 774.4 968.6 988.4 1 034.0 1 093.5 1 074.6 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 1 507.8 2 339.0 2 332.8 2 584.4 2 557.9 2 924.4 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras 467.4 884.4 ... ... ... ... Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 21 918.5 63 018.4 60 282.1 57 991.2 54 337.6 59 624.0 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 279.7 621.9 565.5 518.1 496.1 548.9 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 1 022.1 1 340.2 952.4 907.2 1 055.7 1 110.0 Panama<br />

Paraguay 816.1 496.2 637.1 409.4 373.6 544.4 Paraguay<br />

Perú 5 285.9 4 468.1 3 939.1 3 352.3 3 768.6 4 378.8 Peru<br />

República Dominicana ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 52.1 79.7 90.5 82.7 84.9 85.4 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 23.2 27.2 33.8 39.1 50.7 45.5 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 49.6 66.6 59.1 49.6 51.0 55.2 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 656.7 1 136.2 1 404.4 1 417.9 1 548.2 1 683.3 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 971.4 911.7 800.3 410.2 391.5 693.9 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 6 684.1 9 034.5 10 381.5 6 618.2 4 521.8 6 683.4 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 114 510.4 145 263.4 136 216.6 117 144.3 118 193.5 142 760.7 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 113 087.2 142 798.1 133 576.1 114 559.8 115 435.2 139 763.7 Latin America a<br />

Caribe 1 423.1 2 465.2 2 640.6 2 584.5 2 758.3 2 997.0 Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 135<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.57 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: EXPORTACIONES DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: EXPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES, AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 401.6 466.1 442.7 430.5 464.0 506.4 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 24 903.2 30 952.4 30 992.5 28 254.9 32 361.6 38 676.5 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 1 699.0 2 361.1 2 163.5 2 450.5 2 419.5 2 650.4 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 1 090.8 1 291.5 1 296.4 1 239.8 1 352.4 1 499.8 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 297.5 440.8 443.5 490.2 527.7 501.3 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 1 514.4 1 534.7 1 626.0 1 710.3 2 062.3 2 693.1 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 54 395.2 64 160.9 67 226.8 71 380.0 82 816.0 108 845.9 Brazil<br />

Chile 21 000.5 23 759.3 22 838.4 22 895.4 26 994.7 38 724.1 Chile<br />

Colombia 13 444.1 18 011.4 16 732.0 15 725.2 16 849.1 21 215.9 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 4 400.0 7 753.7 6 800.0 7 139.8 8 175.3 8 601.2 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 3 131.7 4 318.9 4 193.4 3 872.0 4 649.9 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 111.6 144.5 120.0 122.6 126.1 126.1 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 5 196.1 5 905.6 5 683.5 6 141.6 7 159.8 8 873.4 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 2 055.7 3 598.8 3 568.0 3 772.2 4 072.8 4 411.6 El Salvador<br />

Granada 123.8 235.7 196.9 175.0 180.6 187.1 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 2 822.6 3 895.4 3 944.6 3 982.9 4 160.2 4 649.1 Guatemala<br />

Guyana a ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana a<br />

Haití 246.2 465.2 433.7 389.8 447.2 562.0 Haiti<br />

Honduras 1 730.5 2 490.7 2 422.2 2 506.8 2 689.2 3 112.8 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 2 937.1 3 400.3 3 144.0 3 055.8 3 327.4 3 607.8 Jamaica<br />

México 87 048.1 179 888.6 171 441.8 174 099.5 177 658.0 202 065.2 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 608.9 940.7 933.1 901.4 1 008.9 1 220.9 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 8 187.1 8 433.6 8 586.5 8 278.9 8 225.2 9 627.8 Panama<br />

Paraguay 4 793.3 2 703.2 2 241.3 2 211.1 2 637.8 3 194.7 Paraguay<br />

Perú 6 709.1 8 557.9 8 545.9 9 339.5 10 882.4 14 439.6 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 5 550.6 8 774.9 8 267.3 8 091.6 8 619.1 9 169.5 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 117.7 150.0 154.0 157.7 158.6 198.0 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 136.3 179.4 175.9 178.3 172.8 184.5 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 379.7 377.9 337.5 323.6 406.0 456.1 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 2 865.3 4 828.9 4 881.4 4 529.5 5 860.4 7 064.2 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 3 665.9 3 877.4 3 405.1 2 696.8 2 917.6 4 082.7 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 20 824.3 34 844.6 27 944.3 28 269.6 28 217.7 39 768.6 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe b 279 256.2 424 425.2 406 988.9 410 940.8 442 950.4 540 916.3 Latin America and the Caribbean b<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 269 095.8 410 549.2 393 632.9 397 787.4 427 954.9 523 934.7 Latin America b<br />

Caribe 10 160.3 13 876.0 13 356.0 13 153.4 14 995.5 16 981.7 Caribbean<br />

a The table on imports of goods and services (2.1.1.58) shows the balance of imports and exports.<br />

b The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.<br />

a En <strong>el</strong> cuadro <strong>de</strong> importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios (2.1.1.58) se presenta <strong>el</strong> saldo entre importaciones y exportaciones.<br />

b En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.


136 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.58 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: IMPORTACIONES DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES, AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 444.8 496.7 492.3 505.2 533.6 568.8 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 26 004.0 32 754.6 27 447.7 13 061.2 18 404.6 27 819.2 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 1 883.1 3 172.1 3 000.4 2 941.6 3 050.5 3 363.8 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 1 029.4 1 459.6 1 367.7 1 369.8 1 521.7 1 804.7 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 304.6 613.0 602.5 616.7 653.0 619.9 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 1 825.6 2 294.5 2 056.2 2 191.1 2 131.1 2 314.0 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 66 815.1 73 261.5 72 274.9 61 816.0 64 591.7 80 652.1 Brazil<br />

Chile 19 245.6 22 358.0 21 786.8 21 269.8 23 935.0 30 271.6 Chile<br />

Colombia 19 391.8 16 249.0 17 093.2 16 816.5 17 221.3 20 782.6 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 4 729.2 7 298.2 7 293.0 8 023.6 8 502.2 9 182.4 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 3 588.4 5 179.6 5 109.3 4 434.7 4 895.2 ... Cuba<br />

Dominica 146.9 183.1 165.8 156.1 157.7 164.5 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 5 706.7 4 938.8 6 616.7 7 759.6 7 784.8 9 280.1 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 3 587.2 5 573.3 5 750.8 5 876.8 6 466.6 7 151.0 El Salvador<br />

Granada 168.3 310.1 281.8 273.2 313.6 332.5 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 3 727.1 5 584.2 6 079.1 6 859.5 7 308.9 8 487.4 Guatemala<br />

Guyana a 133.8 157.2 171.3 146.7 125.2 115.2 Guyana a<br />

Haití 774.0 1 224.5 1 267.9 1 157.3 1 352.9 1 611.0 Haiti<br />

Honduras 1 904.0 3 326.5 3 473.3 3 508.4 3 780.4 4 529.6 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 3 533.5 4 299.5 4 467.4 4 749.4 4 790.8 5 140.1 Jamaica<br />

México 79 425.0 191 483.2 185 220.6 185 890.2 188 157.0 216 023.6 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 1 104.1 2 012.5 1 992.7 1 960.3 2 110.5 2 417.8 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 7 934.9 8 113.3 7 783.9 7 643.9 7 571.4 9 159.1 Panama<br />

Paraguay 5 746.7 3 462.7 2 864.5 2 460.1 2 847.7 3 475.2 Paraguay<br />

Perú 9 759.3 9 580.0 9 436.8 9 729.9 10 646.3 12 501.1 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 6 102.4 10 854.4 10 049.9 10 051.6 8 747.7 9 067.0 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 172.2 248.7 241.5 257.2 217.6 248.2 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 174.5 200.6 209.5 214.8 241.4 272.2 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 392.9 436.7 385.4 401.5 480.2 535.2 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 2 090.3 3 696.3 3 933.7 4 030.6 4 256.8 5 145.1 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 3 686.0 4 214.4 3 744.6 2 456.3 2 748.6 3 770.5 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 16 520.1 21 218.9 23 851.4 16 852.2 14 178.6 22 078.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe b 294 463.1 441 076.2 431 403.1 401 046.8 414 829.2 498 883.3 Latin America and the Caribbean b<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 283 988.8 425 802.6 416 083.9 385 384.1 398 487.2 480 573.3 Latin America b<br />

Caribe 10 474.3 15 273.6 15 319.2 15 662.7 16 342.0 18 310.0 Caribbean<br />

a Refers to the balance of imports and exports.<br />

b The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.<br />

a Correspon<strong>de</strong> al saldo entre importaciones y exportaciones.<br />

b En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 137<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.59 AMÉRICA LATINA: INGRESO NACIONAL REAL DISPONIBLE, A PRECIOS CONSTANTES<br />

LATIN AMERICA: REAL NATIONAL DISPOSABLE INCOME, AT CONSTANT PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000 / Millions of dollars at constant 2000 prices)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 245 910.7 277 197.2 264 683.4 234 617.8 258 075.0 282 310.4 Argentina<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 7 230.0 8 559.3 8 669.6 8 881.4 9 143.7 9 509.3 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 534 965.9 585 368.0 590 719.3 603 492.9 606 649.4 637 471.4 Brazil<br />

Chile 59 599.5 72 899.4 74 177.3 76 417.5 79 037.2 87 410.4 Chile<br />

Colombia 77 602.0 83 156.7 83 923.3 85 428.3 89 185.1 95 008.4 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 12 547.6 14 787.4 15 488.0 16 130.1 16 767.0 17 608.0 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba ... ... ... ... ... ... Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 13 295.6 15 880.0 16 182.2 17 045.6 17 712.9 19 193.8 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 9 797.5 10 906.5 10 878.5 11 193.1 11 066.9 11 074.7 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 16 518.2 19 947.9 20 584.6 21 766.0 22 530.9 23 359.0 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 3 774.5 4 416.0 4 381.6 4 364.2 4 507.4 4 384.4 Haiti<br />

Honduras 5 634.8 6 638.4 6 914.9 7 023.6 7 170.6 7 565.0 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 423 796.0 572 768.5 571 648.0 579 666.2 593 001.6 627 195.7 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 2 851.8 4 189.2 4 180.3 4 210.9 4 312.6 4 573.0 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 9 104.9 11 237.4 11 475.7 12 006.7 11 820.1 12 354.3 Panama<br />

Paraguay 7 714.7 7 294.5 7 437.8 7 336.9 7 707.0 8 058.2 Paraguay<br />

Perú 45 976.8 52 925.2 53 050.5 55 655.0 57 698.2 60 855.2 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 16 696.1 24 277.5 24 960.8 26 385.7 25 859.4 26 277.8 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 18 163.5 20 052.3 19 449.7 17 564.2 17 379.9 19 505.7 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 99 081.8 115 589.6 113 176.1 103 647.0 99 204.4 121 948.5 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 1 610 261.9 1 908 090.9 1 901 981.7 1 892 833.1 1 938 829.4 2 075 663.2 Latin America a<br />

Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye a Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


138 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.60 AMÉRICA LATINA: INGRESO NACIONAL BRUTO, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES<br />

LATIN AMERICA: GROSS NATIONAL INCOME, AT CURRENT PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 253 981.2 277 197.4 262 018.7 95 121.3 122 170.5 144 833.9 Argentina<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 6 753.0 8 559.3 8 326.5 8 091.2 8 238.9 8 879.5 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 696 683.8 585 367.9 490 326.7 445 036.6 490 046.2 586 664.4 Brazil<br />

Chile 69 658.3 72 899.4 66 469.1 65 001.7 69 690.6 88 105.4 Chile<br />

Colombia 91 705.6 83 156.7 81 739.2 81 081.6 79 321.0 96 177.7 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 11 624.3 14 787.4 15 874.9 16 580.0 16 947.2 18 326.1 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 22 153.8 28 324.2 29 867.7 30 900.2 32 602.2 400.0 Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 19 707.3 15 880.0 21 524.0 25 245.6 28 998.1 33 365.1 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 10 822.4 14 678.1 15 845.3 16 006.2 16 737.9 17 929.2 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 14 988.2 19 947.9 21 892.0 24 961.7 27 028.0 30 003.8 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 3 217.8 4 416.0 4 248.2 3 954.6 3 730.4 4 641.1 Haiti<br />

Honduras 3 976.8 6 638.4 7 159.3 7 355.2 7 793.0 8 567.5 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 277 436.8 572 768.5 617 390.0 646 782.0 640 553.3 689 911.2 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 2 950.4 4 189.2 4 366.9 4 288.0 4 430.2 4 977.3 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 8 728.6 11 237.3 11 443.5 12 243.9 12 437.7 13 389.8 Panama<br />

Paraguay 8 370.7 7 294.5 6 628.0 5 250.2 5 707.9 7 073.2 Paraguay<br />

Perú 52 016.4 52 925.2 53 894.3 56 645.5 60 587.2 67 701.7 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 15 592.3 24 277.5 25 525.8 26 074.6 20 441.0 22 521.5 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 19 146.7 20 052.3 18 522.5 12 457.2 10 782.3 12 741.4 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 73 054.7 115 589.6 120 741.7 89 976.6 81 131.5 105 789.8 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 1 662 569.0 1 940 186.8 1 883 804.6 1 673 053.9 1 739 375.1 1 961 999.7 Latin America a<br />

Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye a Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 139<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.61 AMÉRICA LATINA: PAGOS POR FACTORES AL RESTO DEL MUNDO<br />

LATIN AMERICA: FACTOR PAYMENTS TO THE REST OF THE WORLD<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina -4 669.0 -7 547.8 -7 237.2 -7 484.3 -7 970.1 -8 922.5 Argentina<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia -206.6 -225.3 -211.2 -204.7 -301.8 -384.7 Bolivia<br />

Brasil -11 105.0 -17 885.9 -19 743.2 -18 190.6 -18 552.1 -20 520.1 Brazil<br />

Chile -2 713.5 -2 855.6 -2 526.2 -2 846.7 -4 608.3 -7 999.3 Chile<br />

Colombia -1 596.2 -2 283.1 -2 610.0 -2 867.0 -3 398.3 -4 332.1 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica -225.5 -1 252.4 -679.3 -439.8 -775.9 -444.3 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba -524.8 -622.2 -502.2 -600.0 -650.0 -700.0 Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador -930.2 -1 405.5 -1 364.4 -1 305.5 -1 464.5 -1 492.6 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador -66.7 -253.1 -265.7 -323.4 -423.1 -460.1 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala -159.1 -209.3 -84.4 -318.4 -317.7 -319.0 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití -30.6 -9.2 -9.5 -13.7 -14.3 -11.9 Haiti<br />

Honduras -225.9 -133.2 -169.9 -193.1 -257.9 -358.5 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México -12 689.1 -15 016.7 -13 814.5 -12 115.6 -12 102.9 -10 199.6 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua -372.1 -201.8 -240.3 -200.4 -190.7 -192.3 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá -465.9 -560.2 -590.1 -272.3 -741.9 -1 042.4 Panama<br />

Paraguay 109.7 22.4 15.8 42.8 -8.4 -70.7 Paraguay<br />

Perú -2 481.8 -1 409.6 -1 101.0 -1 457.0 -2 143.8 -3 421.1 Peru<br />

República Dominicana -769.0 -1 041.3 -1 091.7 -1 151.8 -1 393.1 -1 723.9 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay -227.0 -60.7 -67.8 108.6 -490.9 -587.7 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) -1 943.0 -1 388.0 -2 020.0 -2 756.0 -2 411.0 -3 885.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a -41 291.3 -54 338.4 -54 312.9 -52 588.8 -58 216.7 -67 067.9 Latin America a<br />

Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye a Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


140 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.62 AMÉRICA LATINA: TRANSFERENCIAS CORRIENTES NETAS PROCEDENTES DEL RESTO DEL MUNDO<br />

LATIN AMERICA: NET CURRENT TRANSFERS FROM THE REST OF THE WORLD<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 553.8 399.0 424.5 564.1 544.9 627.1 Argentina<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 244.2 386.8 396.1 371.4 451.3 491.1 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 3 621.0 1 521.1 1 637.5 2 389.8 2 866.6 3 236.3 Brazil<br />

Chile 307.0 558.0 426.8 582.5 605.0 1 079.0 Chile<br />

Colombia 798.8 1 673.2 2 354.0 2 705.8 3 308.5 3 726.6 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 133.9 93.4 150.9 175.5 208.8 212.4 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 646.2 740.4 812.9 820.0 915.0 1 100.0 Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 441.9 1 351.8 1 638.8 1 651.7 1 771.7 1 893.6 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1 388.6 1 797.1 2 298.3 2 022.9 2 114.3 2 567.7 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 491.2 868.2 996.8 1 976.2 2 461.9 3 005.7 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 552.9 760.7 749.6 753.7 918.0 992.5 Haiti<br />

Honduras 242.5 746.9 929.2 968.7 1 105.8 1 387.8 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 3 959.9 6 993.7 9 338.0 10 268.5 13 858.1 17 043.6 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 138.0 452.9 482.5 462.4 518.9 673.2 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 152.6 177.0 226.1 243.8 246.4 228.0 Panama<br />

Paraguay 195.3 176.8 166.5 115.9 164.5 194.2 Paraguay<br />

Perú 832.0 999.3 1 041.6 1 043.4 1 227.5 1 460.8 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 992.2 1 902.3 2 027.5 2 269.3 2 335.9 2 527.5 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 76.0 27.5 29.7 71.8 82.5 112.9 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 109.0 -170.0 -148.0 -157.0 20.0 -89.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 15 877.1 21 456.0 25 979.3 29 300.3 35 725.5 42 471.1 Latin America a<br />

Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye a Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 141<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.63 AMÉRICA LATINA: INGRESO NACIONAL BRUTO DISPONIBLE, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES a<br />

LATIN AMERICA: AVAILABLE GROSS NATIONAL INCOME AT CURRENT PRICES a<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 254 022.5 277 167.8 261 995.7 95 515.9 123 621.0 145 549.7 Argentina<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 6 723.9 8 711.4 8 297.7 8 055.3 8 220.6 8 731.4 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 698 451.7 586 608.7 490 266.0 443 636.7 491 684.8 587 433.7 Brazil<br />

Chile 68 799.2 72 898.1 66 416.7 65 060.1 69 670.2 88 159.5 Chile<br />

Colombia 93 923.6 82 782.9 81 267.5 80 975.5 78 808.8 95 411.5 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 11 687.0 14 800.2 16 293.4 16 871.3 16 961.1 18 343.4 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 21 925.7 28 370.5 29 925.7 30 965.9 32 455.5 41.0 Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 19 706.1 15 887.8 21 488.2 25 118.2 28 975.5 33 216.1 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 10 770.4 14 678.2 15 845.3 16 006.2 16 738.2 17 929.2 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 14 988.5 19 928.8 21 861.2 24 945.6 26 993.4 29 967.1 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 3 136.3 4 312.6 4 208.5 3 893.1 3 687.5 4 653.8 Haiti<br />

Honduras 3 932.8 6 628.4 7 148.6 7 344.2 7 776.4 8 555.6 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 276 966.3 573 702.6 617 994.5 646 891.7 640 672.1 690 409.3 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 2 957.3 4 217.9 4 388.0 4 317.6 4 454.2 4 997.6 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 8 197.6 10 627.7 10 834.6 11 541.9 11 776.7 12 608.2 Panama<br />

Paraguay 8 926.8 7 691.9 6 802.5 5 433.0 5 886.9 7 312.3 Paraguay<br />

Perú 52 091.9 52 831.6 53 700.3 56 386.8 60 332.7 67 713.3 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 15 738.1 24 469.6 25 631.8 26 119.2 20 663.0 22 757.6 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 19 105.2 19 856.2 18 402.5 12 418.2 10 963.4 12 946.7 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 71 918.7 115 374.9 120 803.8 89 071.1 80 931.4 105 903.2 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 1 663 969.8 1 941 547.8 1 883 572.4 1 670 567.4 1 741 273.3 1 962 640.3 Latin America b<br />

Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s any differences between then tra<strong>de</strong> balance (goods and services) of the balance of payments and that of<br />

national accounts, as w<strong>el</strong>l as any statistical discrepancy avises in GDP if the country has changed the base year.<br />

b The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.<br />

a Incluye las eventuales diferencias entre <strong>el</strong> saldo <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios <strong>de</strong> la balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos y <strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales,<br />

así como la discrepancia estadística que surge en <strong>el</strong> PIB si <strong>el</strong> país ha realizado un cambio <strong>de</strong> año base.<br />

b En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye a Cuba.


142 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.64 AMÉRICA LATINA: FINANCIAMIENTO DE LA FORMACIÓN INTERNA BRUTA DE CAPITAL, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES a<br />

LATIN AMERICA: FINANCING OF GROSS DOMESTIC CAPITAL FORMATION, AT CURRENT PRICES a<br />

Rubro 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Item<br />

Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars<br />

1. Ahorro interno 350 645.4 403 235.9 360 441.5 337 369.0 368 173.3 461 238.2 1. Net saving<br />

2. Renta neta <strong>de</strong> factores -41 291.3 -54 338.4 -54 312.9 -52 588.8 -58 216.7 -67 067.9 2. Net income of factors<br />

3. Transferencias netas 15 877.1 21 456.0 25 979.3 29 300.3 35 725.5 42 471.1 3. Net transfers<br />

4. Ahorro nacional bruto (1+ 2+3) 325 231.2 370 353.5 332 108.0 314 080.4 345 682.2 436 641.3 4. Net gross national (1+ 2+3)<br />

5. Ahorro externo 38 354.7 47 635.5 51 932.6 13 934.7 -8 629.5 -19 405.0 5. External saving<br />

6. Inversión interna bruta (4+5 363 585.9 417 988.9 384 040.6 328 015.1 337 052.7 417 236.2 6. Gross domestic investment 4+5)<br />

Porcentajes <strong>de</strong>l PIB / Percentages of GDP<br />

1. Ahorro interno 20.8 20.4 18.9 19.9 20.9 23.2 1. Net saving<br />

2. Renta neta <strong>de</strong> factores -2.4 -2.8 -2.8 -3.1 -3.3 -3.4 2. Net income of factors<br />

3. Transferencias netas 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.7 2.0 2.1 3. Net transfers<br />

4. Ahorro nacional bruto (1+ 2+3) 19.3 18.8 17.4 18.5 19.6 22.0 4. Net gross national (1+ 2+3)<br />

5. Ahorro externo 2.3 2.4 2.7 0.8 -0.5 -1.0 5. External saving<br />

6. Inversión interna bruta (4+5) 21.5 21.2 20.1 19.3 19.1 21.0 6. Gross domestic investment (4+5)<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye a Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 143<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.65 AMÉRICA LATINA: FORMACIÓN INTERNA BRUTA DE CAPITAL, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES<br />

LATIN AMERICA: GROSS DOMESTIC CAPITAL FORMATION, AT CURRENT PRICES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 47 789.9 49 811.0 41 973.7 11 201.1 18 913.5 29 038.8 Argentina<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 1 023.7 1 523.7 1 161.7 1 312.7 1 080.0 1 084.7 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 156 949.3 129 637.6 107 789.7 91 054.1 99 929.2 128 737.7 Brazil<br />

Chile 18 781.5 16 435.0 15 145.2 14 567.5 16 174.7 20 288.4 Chile<br />

Colombia 23 864.6 11 467.0 11 688.7 12 405.0 13 652.4 17 074.1 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 2 136.9 2 696.7 3 327.3 3 810.3 3 612.9 4 245.5 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 3 741.1 3 821.7 3 632.3 3 089.1 3 052.9 – Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 4 354.0 3 204.6 5 157.7 6 586.9 6 146.5 7 430.8 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1 904.3 2 223.1 2 302.7 2 344.5 2 555.1 2 537.9 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 2 206.5 3 440.3 3 729.4 4 452.3 4 681.2 5 412.3 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 703.4 1 001.7 907.0 805.8 867.6 1 000.9 Haiti<br />

Honduras 1 249.7 1 851.0 1 892.3 1 685.7 1 849.9 2 290.0 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 56 718.4 138 138.0 129 535.0 133 659.2 130 942.8 150 562.2 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 700.5 1 219.8 1 165.2 1 049.6 1 060.7 1 219.3 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 2 293.3 2 805.1 2 082.5 1 932.9 2 456.7 2 744.8 Panama<br />

Paraguay 2 098.8 1 334.8 1 206.6 951.8 1 106.2 1 446.1 Paraguay<br />

Perú 13 319.3 10 753.9 10 064.6 10 760.9 11 483.3 13 123.3 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 2 748.4 5 505.4 4 892.7 5 276.9 3 082.2 3 687.8 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 2 973.3 2 803.4 2 556.4 1 414.4 1 408.5 1 728.5 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 18 029.0 28 315.0 33 829.9 19 654.4 12 996.6 23 583.2 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 363 585.9 417 988.9 384 040.6 328 015.1 337 052.7 417 236.2 Latin America a<br />

Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye a Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


144 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.66 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: GRADO DE APERTURA DE LA ECONOMÍA, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: DEGREE OF OPENNESS OF THE ECONOMY, AT CURRENT PRICES<br />

(Sobre la base <strong>de</strong> cifras en millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Based on fi gures in millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 19.7 22.4 21.7 40.5 39.2 43.4 Argentina<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 49.7 45.6 45.2 49.2 51.8 57.1 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 17.2 22.8 27.4 28.9 29.1 31.4 Brazil<br />

Chile 55.8 61.3 65.1 65.7 69.1 72.6 Chile<br />

Colombia 35.5 40.9 41.3 40.1 42.9 43.4 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 77.9 94.4 85.9 90.0 95.2 95.8 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 30.5 33.7 31.5 27.1 29.5 29.6 Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 54.0 68.1 57.9 55.8 52.1 55.1 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 59.4 69.8 67.5 67.4 70.0 73.1 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 44.7 49.1 47.8 46.5 46.1 48.1 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 37.8 46.1 48.5 48.1 63.7 59.4 Haiti<br />

Honduras 91.8 96.6 92.1 91.4 93.2 101.4 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 58.2 63.9 57.4 55.5 57.3 61.2 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 53.8 75.0 70.9 71.1 76.0 80.9 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 178.3 142.4 138.6 129.7 122.1 132.3 Panama<br />

Paraguay 130.7 86.9 79.2 91.7 98.8 96.0 Paraguay<br />

Perú 30.7 34.0 33.3 33.4 35.0 38.7 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 75.8 83.8 74.5 72.7 89.1 84.0 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 38.1 40.3 38.5 42.0 50.6 59.4 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 49.9 47.9 42.1 48.6 50.8 56.3 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a 33.2 43.0 43.0 47.0 47.8 50.6 Latin America a<br />

Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye a Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 145<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.67 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: BRECHA EXTERNA, A PRECIOS CORRIENTES<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: EXTERNAL DEBT, AT CURRENT PRICES<br />

(Sobre la base <strong>de</strong> cifras en millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Based on fi gures in millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina -0.4 -0.6 1.3 14.9 10.8 7.1 Argentina<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia -4.6 -9.0 -5.3 -6.1 -0.9 4.3 Bolivia<br />

Brasil -1.8 -1.5 -1.0 2.1 3.6 4.7 Brazil<br />

Chile 2.4 1.9 1.5 2.4 4.2 8.9 Chile<br />

Colombia -6.4 2.1 -0.4 -1.3 -0.5 0.4 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica -2.8 2.9 -3.0 -5.2 -1.9 -3.1 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba -2.1 -3.1 -3.1 -1.8 -0.8 -0.7 Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador -2.5 6.1 -4.4 -6.5 -2.2 -1.2 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador -16.1 -15.0 -15.8 -14.7 -15.9 -17.3 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala -6.2 -8.8 -10.2 -12.3 -12.7 -14.1 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití -19.6 -20.7 -23.8 -23.9 -32.0 -28.7 Haiti<br />

Honduras -4.4 -13.9 -16.4 -15.2 -15.7 -18.8 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 2.7 -2.0 -2.2 -1.8 -1.6 -2.0 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua -15.6 -27.2 -25.7 -26.3 -26.9 -26.6 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 2.8 2.8 6.8 5.2 5.1 3.3 Panama<br />

Paraguay -11.8 -10.7 -9.7 -4.9 -3.8 -4.0 Paraguay<br />

Perú -5.7 -1.9 -1.7 -0.7 0.4 2.8 Peru<br />

República Dominicana -3.6 -8.9 -7.2 -7.9 -0.7 0.5 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay -0.1 -1.7 -1.8 2.0 1.5 2.4 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 5.7 11.6 3.3 12.3 16.8 16.1 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> a -0.9 -0.8 -1.2 0.7 1.7 2.2 Latin America a<br />

Caribe ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean<br />

a a En <strong>el</strong> cálculo se excluye a Cuba.<br />

The calculation does not inclu<strong>de</strong> Cuba.


146 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS<br />

2.1.1 CUENTAS NACIONALES DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE, EN DÓLARES / NATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, IN DOLLARS<br />

2.1.1.68 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: DEFLACTOR IMPLÍCITO DEL PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO, A PRECIOS DE MERCADO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: IMPLICIT GDP DEFLATOR, AT MARKET PRICES<br />

(Índice sobre la base <strong>de</strong> cifras ofi ciales / In<strong>de</strong>x based on offi cial fi gures)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 94.5 100 103.2 103.7 104.9 108.2 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 103.1 100 98.9 129.1 142.7 155.8 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 84.9 100 101.7 104.5 105.1 106.2 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 85.1 100 101.0 97.6 104.3 103.8 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 88.8 100 92.4 94.2 95.2 92.1 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 73.5 100 101.9 105.0 111.2 120.3 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 65.5 100 107.4 118.4 136.1 147.3 Brazil<br />

Chile 86.4 100 103.8 108.1 114.4 122.5 Chile<br />

Colombia 50.5 100 106.2 112.5 121.6 129.2 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 54.5 100 108.6 118.6 128.4 143.5 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 541.7 100 101.8 104.0 106.5 110.3 Cuba<br />

Dominica 90.5 100 102.4 103.6 106.3 108.1 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 132.8 100 126.6 142.3 158.2 168.9 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 84.1 100 103.4 104.6 107.6 111.1 El Salvador<br />

Granada 92.7 100 101.5 104.2 105.5 107.2 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 69.0 100 107.6 116.3 123.5 132.1 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 71.4 100 99.2 101.4 108.3 117.8 Guyana<br />

Haití 59.4 100 111.6 122.8 155.8 189.3 Haiti<br />

Honduras 48.7 100 108.0 114.8 123.6 134.0 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 53.0 100 98.3 106.9 108.0 120.6 Jamaica<br />

México 43.6 100 105.8 113.2 122.9 130.7 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 61.5 100 107.2 110.7 116.6 128.3 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 97.6 100 101.0 102.7 103.9 106.1 Panama<br />

Paraguay 63.4 100 104.8 115.3 136.1 152.2 Paraguay<br />

Perú 73.5 100 101.4 102.3 105.0 110.9 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 78.2 100 106.0 112.5 146.1 216.6 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 88.6 100 102.3 105.0 110.3 112.2 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 92.4 100 102.3 102.8 102.9 105.9 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 92.3 100 99.8 102.3 104.7 105.8 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 27.1 100 138.6 160.1 196.9 195.1 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 88.8 100 102.8 95.9 101.2 103.5 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 56.0 100 105.3 124.9 147.9 158.9 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 17.3 100 108.0 143.7 193.8 254.3 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 147<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.1 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE a<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN a<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -38 543.0 -48 350.7 -53 894.8 -16 467.8 7 033.8 17 956.3 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 237 095.5 369 131.7 353 107.5 355 922.2 388 773.4 477 158.4 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -237 651.8 -372 445.0 -364 124.6 -339 201.4 -351 000.0 -426 286.0 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -556.3 -3 313.6 -11 016.9 16 720.8 37 773.8 50 872.4 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 43 581.2 59 774.8 58 061.1 56 806.8 61 026.6 69 611.3 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 10 209.2 10 733.2 10 541.5 10 303.3 11 690.8 13 901.8 Transportation<br />

Viajes 20 310.2 28 357.2 27 797.9 27 095.0 29 438.1 33 627.2 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 11 533.6 17 570.2 16 768.0 16 572.3 16 562.3 17 356.4 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -55 846.5 -71 634.1 -72 123.1 -66 306.5 -68 783.7 -77 943.5 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -22 195.1 -24 080.5 -26 033.1 -23 170.4 -23 189.0 -27 816.4 Transportation<br />

Viajes -15 662.0 -20 208.8 -19 459.0 -17 328.2 -17 554.4 -20 121.7 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -17 306.6 -26 518.9 -25 973.1 -25 164.9 -27 091.9 -27 874.3 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -12 821.4 -15 173.2 -25 079.4 7 221.2 30 017.0 42 540.1 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 18 799.3 28 027.7 24 382.7 17 169.8 16 956.9 18 778.2 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 1 177.6 1 818.8 2 174.6 2 164.3 2 523.3 3 950.2 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 17 621.7 26 208.8 22 208.4 15 005.5 14 433.8 14 732.8 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) 1 704.9 4 030.7 2 565.9 2 115.0 3 045.6 2 820.5 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera 1 458.7 2 798.6 2 301.4 2 509.5 2 397.8 1 913.5 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 14 458.1 19 380.0 17 341.1 10 044.3 8 912.0 9 806.3 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -61 292.5 -83 789.1 -80 446.8 -71 592.0 -77 291.3 -87 839.3 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados -325.3 -405.2 -435.3 -440.1 -432.8 -442.7 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -60 442.4 -82 761.8 -79 509.4 -70 551.9 -76 208.0 -86 294.1 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -15 115.9 -23 224.2 -20 167.8 -18 297.8 -23 980.3 -32 939.8 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera -16 134.5 -13 642.3 -14 747.3 -13 467.2 -14 189.7 -15 567.5 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -29 192.3 -45 929.5 -44 623.8 -38 786.9 -37 287.1 -36 492.8 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -42 493.2 -55 761.7 -56 063.7 -54 422.0 -60 334.5 -69 101.5 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 17 761.8 23 620.5 28 361.9 31 911.6 38 262.5 45 186.5 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -1 636.4 -2 180.0 -2 351.0 -2 561.5 -2 405.0 -2 552.5 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 16 771.5 22 584.3 27 248.4 30 733.9 37 351.6 44 517.7 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL b 841.3 808.9 640.7 1 539.3 1 132.9 997.6 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT b<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA b 34 748.0 59 286.7 47 944.5 1 922.8 7 023.0 1 495.4 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT b<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero -4 070.7 -8 124.0 -4 465.1 -5 211.6 -7 190.3 -14 280.9 Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 30 630.1 78 972.0 71 332.1 49 983.1 41 682.0 61 493.4 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -3 841.7 -3 310.6 -1 927.3 -2 059.8 -9 729.9 -7 719.9 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital -587.7 -1 344.3 -111.4 -565.1 -1 537.5 -426.2 Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda -3 248.3 -903.8 -348.7 1 388.9 -3 790.6 -1 508.7 Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 6 060.3 151.5 2 453.6 -8 768.8 7 160.5 -3 036.1 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital 4 770.4 -565.9 2 697.9 1 712.8 3 116.2 -743.0 Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda 1 290.4 645.4 -1 799.2 -11 654.5 1 820.3 -4 512.1 Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -13 117.7 -26 758.4 -44 019.1 -34 410.1 36 251.7 -21 810.7 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias 50.2 347.1 58.6 170.0 104.4 66.9 Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -4 097.2 -88.9 -913.4 -101.2 -687.6 -1 082.9 General government<br />

Bancos 3 201.7 -16 970.6 -24 496.9 -29 552.9 46 731.7 -1 044.4 Banks<br />

Otros sectores -12 272.5 -7 943.1 -2 373.9 -6 893.8 -4 096.1 -7 153.1 Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 18 491.8 17 999.0 23 972.5 2 050.8 -60 277.0 -11 901.9 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias -3 609.4 -762.0 -422.8 -337.5 -70.8 85.4 Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -808.0 469.1 2 007.1 -867.3 81.5 -551.4 General government<br />

Bancos 149.4 18 181.1 25 348.3 29 039.7 -47 321.6 879.3 Banks<br />

Otros sectores 22 759.7 -3 283.3 766.5 2 370.8 19.4 -144.8 Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES -5 187.7 4 046.1 -10 373.4 -12 884.4 -4 399.7 -6 970.9 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL -8 141.8 15 790.7 -15 683.4 -25 889.7 10 789.8 13 478.3 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS 8 141.8 -15 790.8 15 683.4 25 889.6 -10 789.8 -13 478.0 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -23 364.7 -8 159.1 -739.9 3 254.4 -29 645.4 -23 540.9 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) 12 729.6 -11 027.5 15 709.9 12 155.6 5 000.6 -6 211.4 Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional 18 776.9 3 395.8 713.5 10 479.5 13 854.9 16 274.2 Exceptional financing<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile,<br />

Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti,<br />

Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,<br />

Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


148 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.2 AMÉRICA LATINA a<br />

LATIN AMERICA a<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -37 837.2 -46 593.9 -51 437.9 -13 742.2 8 571.2 18 298.9 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 229 448.3 359 051.4 343 531.7 347 091.9 378 205.9 464 361.7 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -226 229.0 -355 558.4 -347 362.4 -323 044.9 -333 513.3 -406 002.4 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes 3 219.3 3 492.8 -3 830.6 24 046.9 44 693.0 58 359.4 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 36 402.8 49 312.7 48 183.6 46 924.4 50 222.8 57 527.3 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 9 513.8 9 951.6 9 752.9 9 487.9 10 723.5 12 871.8 Transportation<br />

Viajes 16 354.6 23 209.5 23 039.1 22 273.4 24 195.8 28 103.3 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 10 534.4 16 151.5 15 391.6 15 163.1 15 168.3 16 019.9 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -51 923.8 -66 430.9 -67 072.8 -61 140.1 -63 462.9 -72 096.7 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -20 989.2 -22 605.5 -24 577.2 -21 731.0 -21 547.5 -26 347.5 Transportation<br />

Viajes -15 045.4 -19 244.7 -18 526.6 -16 348.3 -16 596.2 -19 208.1 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -15 889.1 -24 562.8 -23 951.1 -23 042.7 -25 018.3 -25 729.7 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -12 301.5 -13 625.5 -22 720.1 9 831.1 31 453.1 43 790.0 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 18 404.9 27 404.2 23 801.9 16 699.8 16 488.7 18 110.7 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 1 109.8 1 706.4 2 034.2 2 023.7 2 385.1 3 806.7 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 17 295.2 25 697.7 21 768.0 14 676.1 14 103.5 14 304.0 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) 1 688.7 4 015.8 2 553.9 2 091.8 3 030.9 2 820.4 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera 1 410.3 2 730.1 2 230.0 2 433.2 2 319.5 1 906.9 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 14 196.2 18 951.9 16 984.0 9 814.4 8 753.1 9 576.7 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -59 171.5 -80 992.6 -77 690.5 -68 756.7 -74 232.0 -84 878.2 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados -266.5 -316.1 -329.9 -338.2 -314.4 -325.4 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -58 905.0 -80 676.4 -77 360.7 -68 418.5 -73 917.5 -84 540.9 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -14 585.7 -22 732.6 -19 671.4 -17 512.4 -23 460.7 -32 784.6 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera -15 968.0 -13 491.8 -14 565.9 -13 271.8 -13 945.0 -15 521.4 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -28 351.5 -44 486.0 -43 153.0 -37 634.4 -36 519.6 -36 250.8 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -40 766.5 -53 588.6 -53 888.4 -52 056.8 -57 743.2 -66 767.4 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 16 674.2 22 068.6 26 722.2 29 956.6 36 036.1 42 468.2 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -1 443.2 -1 851.5 -1 975.8 -2 036.7 -1 753.2 -1 879.2 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 15 230.8 20 620.3 25 170.7 28 483.8 34 861.6 41 276.2 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL b 739.9 694.1 532.1 1 422.5 1 060.7 872.3 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT b<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA b 34 017.4 56 328.6 44 091.4 -801.9 5 700.9 -486.2 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT b<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero -4 001.0 -8 023.4 -4 224.9 -5 030.8 -7 073.1 -14 134.4 Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 29 800.8 76 899.5 69 349.0 48 255.5 39 672.8 59 485.6 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -3 825.1 -3 206.7 -1 861.6 -1 675.2 -8 576.6 -7 699.1 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital -572.2 -1 330.4 -96.6 -544.1 -1 514.2 -426.2 Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda -3 252.9 -815.4 -303.4 1 726.0 -2 663.5 -1 508.7 Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 5 996.9 -22.3 2 405.4 -9 158.7 6 022.8 -3 131.1 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital 4 753.7 -565.9 2 697.9 1 711.7 3 021.5 -743.0 Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda 1 243.3 543.6 -1 795.0 -11 849.8 931.3 -4 512.1 Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -20 098.6 -8 040.9 -18 679.5 -1 528.2 -9 963.7 -21 734.4 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias 50.2 -36.5 32.1 152.2 104.4 66.9 Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -4 118.1 -142.1 -970.7 -134.2 -723.5 -1 082.9 General government<br />

Bancos -3 910.0 2 237.5 1 021.2 3 450.8 608.6 -1 044.4 Banks<br />

Otros sectores -12 120.7 -8 042.1 -2 501.9 -6 993.8 -4 204.3 -7 153.1 Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 26 144.4 -1 277.5 -2 939.7 -31 703.9 -14 380.8 -11 988.7 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias -3 619.5 -535.1 -362.6 -303.6 -72.5 85.4 Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -529.2 140.9 1 257.8 -845.0 244.5 -551.4 General government<br />

Bancos 7 465.1 -878.3 -514.0 -3 979.3 -1 017.9 879.3 Banks<br />

Otros sectores 22 827.9 -3 333.0 481.7 1 534.7 -687.5 -144.8 Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES -5 408.4 4 144.8 -10 602.2 -12 735.0 -4 524.9 -7 610.2 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL -8 488.6 14 573.5 -17 416.9 -25 856.5 10 808.0 11 074.7 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS 8 488.6 -14 573.6 17 416.9 25 856.4 -10 808.0 -11 074.7 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -23 120.0 -6 881.5 986.1 3 212.5 -29 501.5 -21 132.5 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) 12 886.5 -10 992.3 15 744.0 12 184.5 5 026.0 -6 203.4 Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional 18 722.0 3 300.1 686.8 10 459.4 13 667.4 16 261.1 Exceptional financing<br />

a Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

b Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

b Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 149<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.3 CARIBE a<br />

CARIBBEAN a<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -188.3 -1 060.6 -1 909.7 -2 448.6 -1 410.4 -383.6 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 6 139.9 8 405.0 7 953.9 7 408.3 8 896.5 10 616.7 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -8 431.2 -12 091.0 -11 969.0 -12 027.0 -12 873.7 -14 734.6 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -2 291.3 -3 686.0 -4 015.0 -4 618.6 -3 977.2 -4 118.0 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 5 650.2 7 348.0 6 923.7 7 046.4 7 603.8 8 404.0 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 695.4 781.6 788.6 815.4 967.3 1 030.0 Transportation<br />

Viajes 3 955.6 5 147.7 4 758.8 4 821.6 5 242.3 5 523.9 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 999.2 1 418.7 1 376.4 1 409.2 1 394.0 1 336.5 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -3 239.9 -4 395.1 -4 409.9 -4 541.4 -4 670.8 -5 176.8 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -1 205.9 -1 475.0 -1 455.9 -1 439.4 -1 641.5 -1 468.9 Transportation<br />

Viajes -616.6 -964.1 -932.4 -979.9 -958.2 -913.6 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -1 417.5 -1 956.1 -2 022.0 -2 122.2 -2 073.6 -2 144.6 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios 119.0 -733.3 -1 501.4 -2 113.4 -1 044.1 -890.9 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 394.4 623.5 580.8 470.0 468.2 667.5 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 67.8 112.4 140.4 140.6 138.2 143.5 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 326.5 511.1 440.4 329.4 330.3 428.8 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) 16.2 14.9 12.0 23.2 14.7 0.1 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera 48.4 68.5 71.4 76.3 78.3 6.6 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 261.9 428.1 357.1 229.9 158.9 229.6 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -1 596.2 -2 174.3 -2 254.1 -2 235.3 -2 409.3 -2 261.1 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados -58.8 -89.1 -105.4 -101.9 -118.4 -117.3 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -1 537.4 -2 085.4 -2 148.7 -2 133.4 -2 290.5 -1 753.2 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -530.2 -491.6 -496.4 -785.4 -519.6 -155.2 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera -166.5 -150.5 -181.4 -195.4 -244.7 -46.1 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -840.8 -1 443.5 -1 470.8 -1 152.5 -767.5 -242.0 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -1 201.9 -1 550.9 -1 673.1 -1 765.2 -1 941.3 -1 634.1 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 1 087.6 1 551.9 1 639.7 1 955.0 2 226.4 2 718.3 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -193.2 -328.5 -375.2 -524.8 -651.8 -673.3 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 894.5 1 223.6 1 264.8 1 430.1 1 575.0 2 141.5 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL b 101.4 114.8 108.6 116.8 72.2 125.3 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT b<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA b 134.4 2 152.7 3 258.6 2 424.7 1 122.1 1 181.6 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT b<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero -69.7 -100.6 -240.2 -180.8 -117.2 -146.5 Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 829.3 1 624.4 1 944.2 1 727.6 2 009.2 2 007.8 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -16.6 -103.9 -65.7 -384.6 -1 153.3 -20.8 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital -15.5 -13.9 -14.8 -21.0 -23.3 _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda 4.6 -88.4 -45.3 -337.1 -1 127.1 _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 63.4 173.8 48.2 389.9 1 137.7 95.0 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital 16.7 _ _ 1.1 94.7 _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda 47.1 101.8 -4.2 195.3 889.0 _ Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 6 980.9 -18 717.5 -25 339.6 -32 881.9 46 215.4 -76.3 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ 383.6 26.5 17.8 _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general 20.9 53.2 57.3 33.0 35.9 _ General government<br />

Bancos 7 111.7 -19 208.1 -25 518.1 -33 003.7 46 123.1 _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -151.8 99.0 128.0 100.0 108.2 _ Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -7 652.6 19 276.5 26 912.2 33 754.7 -45 896.2 86.8 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias 10.1 -226.9 -60.2 -33.9 1.7 _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -278.8 328.2 749.3 -22.3 -163.0 _ General government<br />

Bancos -7 315.7 19 059.4 25 862.3 33 019.0 -46 303.7 _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -68.2 49.7 284.8 836.1 706.9 _ Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES 220.7 -98.7 228.8 -149.4 125.2 639.3 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL 268.1 1 108.0 1 686.2 -56.2 -91.2 1 562.6 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS -268.1 -1 108.0 -1 686.2 56.2 91.2 -1 562.3 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -166.0 -1 168.4 -1 678.7 64.9 -70.9 -1 567.4 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) -156.9 -35.2 -34.1 -28.9 -25.4 -8.0 Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional 54.9 95.7 26.7 20.1 187.5 13.1 Exceptional financing<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

b Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.<br />

b Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


150 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.4 ASOCIACIÓN LATINOAMERICANA DE INTEGRACIÓN (ALADI) a<br />

LATIN AMERICAN INTEGRATION ASSOCIATION (LAIA) a<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -35 499.1 -42 209.1 -47 779.3 -9 472.8 11 662.7 22 138.4 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 211 784.3 334 069.1 320 074.9 323 757.2 353 504.6 437 627.5 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -204 454.6 -322 867.7 -315 349.2 -289 153.2 -299 243.3 -367 952.6 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes 7 329.6 11 201.2 4 725.9 34 603.9 54 261.7 69 675.0 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 31 958.4 42 919.6 41 498.1 39 710.8 42 466.9 49 510.6 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 8 326.9 8 061.5 7 814.4 7 454.0 8 458.1 10 453.9 Transportation<br />

Viajes 13 275.7 17 373.5 17 322.3 16 456.9 17 771.4 21 144.7 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 8 827.7 14 370.5 13 407.6 12 963.9 13 037.4 13 832.3 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -47 596.0 -60 471.5 -60 942.3 -54 546.5 -56 798.9 -64 827.7 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -18 281.4 -19 229.4 -21 205.2 -18 165.0 -18 204.8 -22 675.3 Transportation<br />

Viajes -14 083.7 -17 716.9 -17 071.0 -14 844.0 -14 980.3 -17 328.0 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -14 548.1 -22 717.2 -22 025.8 -20 912.4 -22 963.9 -23 679.1 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -8 307.8 -6 350.7 -14 718.5 19 768.2 39 929.7 54 358.0 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 16 346.3 24 789.8 21 357.5 14 899.8 14 857.9 16 464.1 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 954.8 1 488.7 1 784.1 1 727.6 2 041.8 3 455.4 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 15 391.6 23 301.0 19 573.6 13 172.2 12 816.0 13 008.7 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) 1 671.3 3 955.0 2 475.5 2 011.9 2 924.3 2 738.5 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera 1 236.6 2 465.9 1 942.2 2 075.2 1 986.6 1 526.6 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 12 483.7 16 880.3 15 155.8 8 748.4 7 905.0 8 743.6 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -55 322.9 -75 309.5 -72 536.7 -64 566.3 -68 992.4 -79 476.4 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados -252.0 -226.8 -237.3 -252.4 -225.0 -229.5 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -54 546.1 -74 460.4 -71 797.2 -63 713.9 -68 117.3 -78 546.9 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -13 288.8 -19 521.7 -17 007.6 -15 322.3 -20 114.6 -29 366.9 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera -15 649.7 -13 052.9 -14 044.8 -12 606.2 -13 144.3 -14 639.2 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -25 607.7 -41 919.8 -40 774.4 -35 785.4 -34 866.2 -34 544.8 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -38 976.5 -50 519.9 -51 179.0 -49 666.4 -54 134.5 -63 012.1 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 12 481.2 14 879.4 18 366.3 20 511.9 25 520.1 30 317.7 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -1 342.1 -1 361.3 -1 485.2 -1 469.7 -1 146.0 -1 312.5 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 11 785.1 14 661.5 18 118.3 20 426.1 25 867.8 30 792.4 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL b 442.8 148.8 -70.1 834.9 500.3 320.5 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT b<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA b 33 191.7 53 958.4 39 498.5 -3 993.4 2 412.7 -2 914.5 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT b<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero -3 995.5 -8 023.4 -4 223.5 -5 022.4 -7 027.6 -14 066.4 Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 28 567.1 74 320.4 66 363.6 45 615.8 36 927.9 55 992.5 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -4 118.1 -3 251.8 -984.7 -1 338.5 -8 160.3 -7 125.8 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital -572.0 -1 596.4 -202.7 -551.7 -1 508.9 -420.8 Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda -3 546.1 -594.6 679.5 2 044.6 -2 252.5 -940.9 Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 5 947.2 -175.8 767.5 -9 782.8 4 475.0 -4 637.4 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital 4 753.5 -565.9 2 695.5 1 714.1 3 021.5 -743.0 Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda 1 193.8 390.1 -3 430.5 -12 476.3 -616.5 -6 019.4 Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -19 574.3 -7 689.0 -19 051.5 -4 999.9 -9 534.4 -20 425.3 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias 4.0 -40.3 33.1 152.4 130.2 97.7 Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -4 131.5 -164.4 -972.5 -107.5 -756.0 -1 074.3 General government<br />

Bancos -3 592.6 2 412.2 485.3 215.8 123.3 93.7 Banks<br />

Otros sectores -11 854.2 -7 838.8 -2 337.1 -7 257.4 -3 283.0 -7 021.7 Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 25 769.1 -1 579.3 -3 971.0 -28 804.8 -14 467.5 -13 452.3 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias -3 271.9 -309.8 -152.5 -158.5 -4.5 -3.1 Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -378.4 -14.1 1 036.4 -1 039.3 20.0 -770.0 General government<br />

Bancos 7 293.1 -890.2 -918.2 -829.0 -249.3 72.8 Banks<br />

Otros sectores 22 126.1 -3 693.1 -134.0 824.6 -1 386.4 -494.7 Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES -5 705.0 3 301.6 -9 991.2 -12 436.9 -3 495.7 -7 307.4 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL -7 569.9 15 199.6 -18 342.4 -25 068.1 11 080.1 12 237.0 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS 7 569.9 -15 199.7 18 342.4 25 068.1 -11 080.1 -12 237.0 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -22 565.2 -6 754.3 2 438.1 3 112.1 -28 934.6 -20 458.5 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) 13 024.0 -10 962.4 15 786.8 12 210.9 4 936.0 -6 293.6 Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional 17 111.0 2 517.0 117.5 9 745.1 12 918.3 14 515.0 Exceptional financing<br />

a Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru<br />

and Uruguay.<br />

b Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, México, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a<br />

y Uruguay.<br />

b Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 151<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.5 COMUNIDAD ANDINA a<br />

ANDEAN COMMUNITY a<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -8 440.1 11 541.9 -1 219.7 3 382.3 9 247.9 12 983.4 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 40 676.5 60 589.4 52 607.0 53 316.9 58 064.3 78 667.2 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -38 699.1 -40 673.3 -45 582.9 -40 825.3 -40 110.1 -52 361.6 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes 1 977.3 19 916.1 7 024.1 12 491.5 17 954.5 26 305.6 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 5 423.0 5 832.9 6 119.1 5 611.3 5 719.2 6 582.8 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 1 886.9 1 545.4 1 524.8 1 476.0 1 593.9 1 754.9 Transportation<br />

Viajes 2 243.7 2 760.6 3 071.1 2 755.1 2 658.2 2 954.6 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 1 292.4 1 526.9 1 523.1 1 380.3 1 467.0 1 473.5 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -11 108.7 -11 733.4 -12 334.0 -11 729.1 -11 461.0 -13 897.2 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -4 221.8 -4 678.4 -5 135.6 -4 585.6 -4 265.0 -5 340.5 Transportation<br />

Viajes -3 172.0 -2 916.9 -3 240.3 -3 145.7 -2 944.5 -3 377.2 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -3 714.9 -4 138.1 -3 958.2 -3 997.7 -4 251.6 -4 704.2 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -3 708.2 14 015.6 809.1 6 373.7 12 212.6 18 991.3 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 3 245.3 5 046.8 4 346.9 2 758.4 2 687.7 2 671.0 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 30.5 80.5 82.0 74.4 67.1 70.6 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 3 214.9 4 966.3 4 265.1 2 684.0 2 620.6 2 600.3 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) 298.9 330.0 805.0 374.4 910.9 387.8 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera 1 078.6 1 518.8 454.0 439.0 332.0 375.0 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 1 837.4 3 117.5 3 006.0 1 533.9 1 377.6 1 837.5 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -10 403.2 -11 761.3 -11 658.2 -11 363.5 -12 455.2 -16 037.9 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados -28.2 -53.1 -46.3 -45.4 -49.0 -53.5 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -10 375.0 -11 708.2 -11 611.9 -11 318.1 -12 406.2 -15 984.4 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -1 792.7 -2 851.5 -3 285.5 -3 784.5 -4 938.2 -8 255.8 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera -2 524.3 -3 043.6 -2 312.6 -2 121.9 -2 234.1 -2 337.3 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -6 058.1 -5 847.0 -6 043.3 -5 411.6 -5 241.8 -5 395.7 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -7 157.8 -6 714.7 -7 311.2 -8 604.9 -9 767.5 -13 367.0 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 3 036.6 5 037.0 6 143.6 6 425.8 7 303.5 7 923.2 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -610.6 -796.0 -861.1 -812.3 -500.5 -564.2 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 2 425.9 4 241.1 5 282.5 5 613.6 6 803.1 7 359.0 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL b 51.0 -252.6 -205.6 -91.2 -83.0 -83.0 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT b<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA b 5 776.6 -7 963.0 5 246.3 -4 259.6 -2 811.6 -3 114.8 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT b<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero -357.2 -849.1 -294.5 -1 882.8 -2 315.7 205.6 Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 5 355.6 9 361.9 9 385.3 7 001.7 7 544.6 7 659.8 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 376.9 -2 553.2 -3 380.5 359.1 -3 852.2 -3 079.6 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital 11.4 -465.4 -202.9 -551.7 -1 508.9 -420.8 Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda 365.5 -2 087.8 -3 177.6 910.8 -2 343.3 -2 658.8 Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 420.5 -6 234.0 4 203.3 -234.6 1 091.9 1 449.7 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital 617.8 -434.1 32.2 -47.1 106.8 -215.5 Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda -197.2 -5 799.9 4 193.9 -168.2 968.8 663.4 Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -1 644.3 -6 559.5 -4 301.8 -8 331.6 -3 261.3 -8 963.3 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias -6.0 -22.4 33.1 152.4 130.2 97.7 Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general 217.0 -275.7 -1 051.3 -29.8 -718.0 -1 047.0 General government<br />

Bancos -177.4 233.3 417.1 93.3 232.0 86.3 Banks<br />

Otros sectores -1 677.9 -6 494.8 -2 254.5 -7 196.5 -3 642.2 -7 064.0 Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 1 625.1 -1 129.0 -407.8 -1 210.7 -2 018.9 -387.1 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias -264.7 -142.0 -149.3 -154.1 -0.1 1.2 Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -1 287.8 1 379.6 994.5 -1 062.3 -33.1 -775.4 General government<br />

Bancos 1 453.9 -1 437.9 -887.7 -835.3 -225.4 53.9 Banks<br />

Otros sectores 1 723.6 -928.9 -130.6 797.3 -1 295.3 -483.0 Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES -792.6 -2 385.1 -4 306.9 -2 789.6 -372.1 -2 522.9 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL -3 405.3 941.2 -486.0 -3 758.2 5 981.3 7 262.6 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS 3 405.3 -941.2 486.0 3 758.2 -5 981.3 -7 262.6 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva 1 016.9 -6 139.1 670.0 3 798.1 -6 031.5 -7 552.4 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) -493.1 -612.5 -296.7 -129.2 -72.5 _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional 2 881.4 5 810.4 112.7 89.3 122.6 289.7 Exceptional financing<br />

a Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.<br />

b Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a.<br />

b Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


152 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.6 MERCADO COMÚN DEL SUR (MERCOSUR) a<br />

COMMON MARKET OF THE SOUTHERN CONE (MERCOSUR) a<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -23 615.5 -33 969.1 -27 269.0 1 505.9 12 259.4 14 995.0 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 74 033.9 86 139.4 88 794.5 89 792.5 107 479.3 136 756.9 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -75 666.9 -85 849.6 -80 148.4 -59 725.3 -65 972.7 -90 226.7 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -1 633.0 289.7 8 646.2 30 067.2 41 506.7 46 530.3 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 11 894.8 16 177.4 15 626.5 14 186.4 16 065.3 19 378.7 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 4 081.6 2 959.2 2 713.5 2 630.1 3 104.7 4 039.4 Transportation<br />

Viajes 3 942.2 5 499.3 5 052.1 3 946.2 4 892.5 6 346.2 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 3 871.0 7 718.9 7 861.0 7 610.1 8 068.1 8 993.2 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -22 432.1 -27 092.6 -26 767.4 -20 365.7 -21 987.5 -25 161.9 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -8 732.0 -7 353.4 -7 061.2 -4 881.9 -5 002.9 -6 536.7 Transportation<br />

Viajes -7 038.2 -8 681.1 -7 420.6 -4 965.8 -5 008.0 -6 100.1 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -6 661.9 -11 058.1 -12 285.6 -10 517.9 -11 976.6 -12 525.0 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -12 170.3 -10 625.5 -2 494.7 23 887.9 35 584.5 40 747.1 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 8 519.3 12 054.7 10 185.8 6 929.1 6 792.9 7 142.7 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 228.9 371.7 398.4 377.5 363.2 455.3 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 8 290.4 11 682.9 9 787.4 6 551.6 6 429.6 6 687.5 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) 1 304.0 1 991.2 1 025.0 1 348.4 1 361.4 1 689.2 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera 158.0 859.1 1 463.0 1 384.8 1 325.3 735.7 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 6 828.4 8 832.7 7 299.4 3 818.4 3 743.0 4 262.6 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -24 410.6 -37 526.6 -37 218.3 -32 452.5 -33 810.1 -37 133.4 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados -223.8 -158.1 -175.3 -191.1 -160.0 -172.8 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -24 186.8 -37 368.4 -37 043.0 -32 261.4 -33 650.0 -36 960.6 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -5 059.1 -6 883.9 -5 967.7 -5 787.1 -7 207.6 -9 611.4 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera -8 901.4 -9 519.2 -11 205.5 -9 773.6 -10 093.3 -11 183.5 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -10 226.3 -20 965.3 -19 869.9 -16 700.8 -16 349.0 -16 165.4 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -15 891.3 -25 471.9 -27 032.4 -25 523.5 -27 017.2 -29 990.5 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 4 967.6 2 054.0 2 149.7 2 828.1 3 392.8 3 875.6 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -521.5 -328.6 -316.0 -250.5 -279.3 -324.5 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 4 446.1 2 128.3 2 258.1 3 141.5 3 692.2 4 238.4 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL b 376.8 381.4 135.5 843.1 583.3 398.4 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT b<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA b 34 949.6 38 109.3 6 047.7 -26 426.9 -15 765.5 -13 693.1 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT b<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero -2 886.3 -3 187.7 2 084.7 -1 866.7 -1 043.7 -9 839.3 Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 10 728.2 43 575.1 25 004.5 18 942.8 12 247.3 22 820.2 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -3 818.8 -2 754.5 -74.8 484.4 -227.3 -1 207.1 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital -569.4 -1 951.9 0.2 _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda -3 249.4 258.2 0.5 _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 15 193.4 7 319.8 -8 843.2 -9 914.7 -2 534.5 -13 336.7 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital 3 865.5 -151.3 2 512.3 1 864.8 3 038.0 1 994.7 Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda 11 327.9 7 471.1 -11 355.5 -11 779.7 -5 572.5 -15 331.4 Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -10 926.2 -4 874.1 -10 136.7 -9 409.5 -14 515.6 -4 430.5 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ -17.9 _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -729.1 111.3 78.8 -77.7 -38.0 -27.3 General government<br />

Bancos -1 961.8 1 481.3 68.2 122.5 -108.7 7.4 Banks<br />

Otros sectores -8 235.3 -4 391.0 -82.6 -60.9 359.2 42.3 Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 26 659.3 -1 969.5 -1 987.0 -24 663.0 -9 691.5 -7 699.8 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias -1 817.2 -203.8 -3.2 -4.4 -4.4 -4.3 Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general 2 022.9 1 630.1 41.9 23.0 53.1 5.4 General government<br />

Bancos 11 457.8 1 708.8 -30.5 6.3 -23.9 18.9 Banks<br />

Otros sectores 14 995.7 -8 432.3 -3.4 27.3 -91.1 -11.7 Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES -781.1 2 164.8 -3 546.8 -4 543.3 -1 123.5 -1 434.4 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL 10 929.7 6 686.3 -24 632.6 -28 621.2 -4 046.3 266.0 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS -10 929.7 -6 686.4 24 632.6 28 621.2 4 046.3 -266.0 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -13 115.6 2 692.4 8 544.3 6 625.3 -13 758.0 -8 197.7 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) 1 865.3 -6 061.5 16 083.5 12 340.1 5 008.5 -6 293.6 Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional 320.6 -3 317.3 4.8 9 655.8 12 795.7 14 225.3 Exceptional financing<br />

a Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

b Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

b Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 153<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.7 MERCADO COMÚN CENTROAMERICANO (MCCA) a<br />

CENTRAL AMERICAN COMMON MARKET (CACM) a<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -2 115.1 -3 254.0 -3 157.6 -3 564.0 -3 772.6 -3 754.5 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 9 212.6 14 750.7 13 504.8 14 002.6 15 519.4 16 902.9 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -12 398.6 -19 939.7 -20 283.1 -21 853.3 -23 978.6 -27 100.8 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -3 185.9 -5 189.1 -6 778.4 -7 850.7 -8 459.1 -10 197.9 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 2 397.8 4 112.7 4 384.8 4 554.2 4 795.3 5 334.4 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 356.6 666.2 737.2 732.3 758.8 783.3 Transportation<br />

Viajes 1 108.5 2 390.0 2 327.6 2 461.1 2 712.0 3 156.0 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 932.6 1 056.4 1 320.0 1 360.8 1 324.5 1 395.1 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -2 671.9 -3 973.3 -4 118.1 -4 325.7 -4 491.1 -4 959.4 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -1 195.8 -1 695.6 -1 781.9 -1 955.0 -2 043.6 -2 267.9 Transportation<br />

Viajes -633.3 -1 030.4 -988.8 -1 030.2 -1 136.6 -1 331.4 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -842.7 -1 247.3 -1 347.3 -1 340.5 -1 310.9 -1 360.0 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -3 460.0 -5 049.7 -6 511.7 -7 622.3 -8 154.8 -9 822.9 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 286.4 739.4 789.2 546.4 520.6 524.3 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 14.6 67.9 76.2 61.4 78.4 80.3 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 271.8 671.5 713.1 485.0 442.2 444.0 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) 17.4 60.8 78.4 79.9 106.6 81.9 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera 28.3 2.8 5.3 13.2 17.0 32.1 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 226.1 607.8 629.4 391.9 318.7 330.0 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -1 335.7 -2 802.7 -2 297.2 -2 099.0 -2 552.1 -2 290.9 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados -7.5 -70.0 -70.9 -63.3 -66.5 -72.0 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -1 328.2 -2 732.7 -2 226.4 -2 035.7 -2 485.6 -2 218.9 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -272.7 -1 563.8 -992.6 -842.6 -1 244.1 -939.5 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera -247.2 -98.1 -138.5 -222.1 -314.1 -338.2 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -808.3 -1 070.8 -1 095.3 -971.1 -927.4 -941.2 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -1 049.3 -2 063.3 -1 508.0 -1 552.6 -2 031.4 -1 766.7 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 2 448.3 4 113.2 5 077.4 5 918.3 6 754.0 8 093.6 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -54.1 -254.2 -215.3 -307.4 -340.4 -258.5 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 2 394.2 3 859.2 4 862.1 5 610.9 6 413.6 7 835.1 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL b 288.6 543.6 600.6 587.6 560.4 551.8 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT b<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA b 953.5 1 340.9 2 119.7 2 918.2 3 527.7 1 957.9 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT b<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero -5.5 _ -1.4 -8.4 -45.5 -68.0 Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 589.0 1 360.7 1 536.2 1 618.6 1 326.6 1 716.5 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -22.6 -123.1 -252.7 -299.1 -337.3 39.5 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital -0.4 -4.0 -21.9 4.6 -1.8 -1.5 Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda -22.2 -119.0 -230.7 -303.7 -335.5 41.1 Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 50.0 -6.3 430.6 521.9 844.7 750.2 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ 2.4 -2.4 _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda 50.0 -6.3 428.2 524.3 844.7 751.2 Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 121.3 -500.0 -429.5 211.1 328.0 -11.6 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias 46.8 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -27.6 -28.8 Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general 14.4 _ _ _ _ 4.1 General government<br />

Bancos -90.9 -240.6 -400.3 -62.9 82.5 -100.5 Banks<br />

Otros sectores 151.0 -259.2 -29.1 274.2 273.1 113.7 Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 221.2 609.7 836.4 874.0 1 411.3 815.7 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias -429.3 -290.9 -191.3 -144.2 154.1 127.1 Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -208.4 38.5 98.6 148.2 -231.5 -50.2 General government<br />

Bancos 262.3 203.2 443.8 161.4 654.0 195.6 Banks<br />

Otros sectores 596.7 658.8 485.2 708.6 834.7 543.1 Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES 80.2 1 024.5 253.5 -217.9 193.1 737.3 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL -792.9 -344.9 -183.8 -276.1 508.6 -507.5 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS 792.9 344.9 183.8 276.1 -508.6 507.5 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -249.0 -471.5 -342.5 -360.2 -1 185.6 -1 319.5 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) -71.0 37.3 -5.0 4.0 21.6 41.2 Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional 1 112.9 779.0 531.3 632.2 655.5 1 785.8 Exceptional financing<br />

a Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.<br />

b Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua.<br />

b Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


154 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.8 ANTIGUA Y BARBUDA<br />

ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -0.5 -65.8 -64.4 -102.6 -102.1 -83.4 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 53.1 49.7 38.6 44.8 45.0 55.4 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -291.0 -342.4 -321.2 -335.6 -353.2 -378.9 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -237.9 -292.7 -282.5 -290.8 -308.2 -323.6 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 348.5 416.4 402.7 391.8 413.3 467.5 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 66.9 65.7 75.5 76.4 74.6 79.7 Transportation<br />

Viajes 246.7 290.5 272.1 273.8 299.8 337.7 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 34.8 60.2 55.1 41.7 38.9 50.1 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -147.9 -154.3 -171.9 -174.7 -182.1 -190.4 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -56.2 -54.1 -55.0 -56.4 -61.4 -66.6 Transportation<br />

Viajes -23.1 -30.7 -31.5 -33.1 -34.8 -37.5 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -68.5 -69.5 -85.3 -85.2 -85.9 -86.3 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -37.3 -30.6 -51.8 -73.7 -77.0 -46.5 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 5.2 15.5 18.7 12.6 8.6 11.5 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ 6.7 13.0 7.8 5.2 6.2 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 5.2 8.9 5.7 4.8 3.4 5.4 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.7 0.7 0.1 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 3.6 7.7 4.5 4.1 2.7 5.3 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -32.1 -60.0 -40.5 -47.1 -47.2 -56.9 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados -0.2 _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -31.9 -60.0 -40.5 -47.1 -47.2 -56.9 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -13.2 -22.2 -23.2 -22.1 -23.9 -24.7 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -18.7 -37.8 -17.3 -24.9 -23.3 -32.2 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -26.9 -44.5 -21.8 -34.5 -38.6 -45.4 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 78.0 18.4 22.5 23.0 29.4 25.1 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -14.4 -9.1 -13.4 -17.4 -15.9 -16.7 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 63.7 9.3 9.1 5.6 13.5 8.4 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a 7.0 39.3 11.9 13.9 10.2 21.3 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a -10.7 42.1 60.0 84.6 99.2 62.6 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 31.5 28.1 43.9 47.7 166.3 76.5 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 1.2 _ _ -2.9 -0.1 -1.4 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -1.3 2.4 -2.5 0.7 2.1 8.4 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -31.3 -0.4 -3.7 -10.8 -9.3 -9.7 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos _ _ _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -31.3 -0.4 -3.7 -10.8 _ _ Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -10.7 12.0 22.4 50.0 -59.9 -11.3 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos _ _ _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -10.7 12.0 22.4 50.0 _ _ Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES 17.8 -21.8 8.4 11.7 18.9 5.9 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL 13.6 -6.2 16.0 7.7 26.2 6.3 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS -13.6 6.2 -16.0 -7.7 -26.2 -6.3 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -13.6 6.2 -16.0 -7.7 -26.2 -6.3 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional _ _ _ _ _ _ Exceptional financing<br />

a a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.<br />

Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 155<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.9 ARGENTINA<br />

ARGENTINA<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -5 174.7 -9 015.5 -3 290.5 8 668.0 8 018.6 3 331.7 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 21 161.7 26 341.0 26 542.7 25 650.6 29 938.8 34 550.2 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -18 804.3 -23 889.1 -19 157.8 -8 473.1 -13 134.2 -21 311.1 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes 2 357.4 2 451.9 7 384.9 17 177.5 16 804.6 13 239.1 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 3 816.8 4 807.9 4 626.9 3 295.4 4 224.5 5 221.9 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 1 007.2 1 106.2 892.8 760.4 939.4 1 151.7 Transportation<br />

Viajes 2 222.0 2 903.7 2 641.8 1 535.1 2 005.5 2 563.2 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 587.6 798.0 1 092.3 999.9 1 279.6 1 507.0 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -7 233.7 -9 130.4 -8 489.5 -4 884.5 -5 619.0 -6 866.3 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -2 106.9 -2 412.5 -2 104.3 -948.7 -1 146.2 -1 621.2 Transportation<br />

Viajes -3 277.9 -4 425.0 -3 893.0 -2 327.6 -2 511.2 -2 963.8 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -1 848.9 -2 292.9 -2 492.2 -1 608.2 -1 961.6 -2 281.2 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -1 059.5 -1 870.6 3 522.3 15 588.4 15 410.1 11 594.7 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 4 385.4 7 392.0 5 817.6 2 985.1 3 046.0 3 390.3 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 16.0 8.1 4.2 -18.1 -18.0 -26.5 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 4 369.4 7 383.8 5 813.4 3 003.2 3 064.0 3 416.8 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) 521.7 978.4 634.8 350.4 451.3 599.1 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera 5.0 _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 3 842.7 6 405.4 5 178.6 2 652.8 2 612.7 2 817.8 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -9 054.4 -14 939.7 -13 054.8 -10 469.4 -11 016.1 -12 340.7 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados -5.8 _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -9 048.6 -14 939.7 -13 054.8 -10 469.4 -11 016.1 -12 340.7 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -2 129.4 -2 472.4 -771.2 -113.4 -1 057.3 -2 556.0 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera -3 875.9 -115.3 -121.8 -6.7 -27.0 -10.7 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -3 043.3 -12 352.0 -12 161.8 -10 349.4 -9 931.7 -9 773.9 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -4 669.0 -7 547.8 -7 237.2 -7 484.3 -7 970.1 -8 950.3 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 822.9 _ _ _ _ _ Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -269.1 _ _ _ _ _ Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 553.8 402.9 424.4 564.0 578.6 687.3 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a 14.2 105.9 156.5 406.1 70.1 42.9 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a 4 989.3 7 852.7 -14 970.9 -20 685.8 -15 864.1 -10 446.5 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero -1 497.2 -901.0 -160.9 627.1 -773.8 -351.3 Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 5 609.4 10 418.3 2 166.1 2 148.9 1 652.0 4 273.9 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -2 882.0 -1 252.2 211.9 476.9 -95.1 -76.8 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital -401.4 _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda -2 480.6 _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 4 733.6 -1 331.5 -9 715.2 -5 117.2 -7 662.9 -9 341.0 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital 1 090.5 -3 227.2 31.1 -115.9 65.4 -86.2 Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda 3 643.1 1 895.7 -9 746.3 -5 001.4 -7 728.3 -9 254.8 Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -8 122.8 -1 367.6 -1 906.8 -8 896.4 -4 403.3 -2 315.4 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -686.0 _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos -602.8 _ _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -6 834.0 _ _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 7 148.3 2 286.6 -5 566.1 -9 925.1 -4 580.9 -2 636.0 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias -94.0 _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general 1 902.7 _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos 3 250.3 _ _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores 2 089.3 _ _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES -2 140.1 -161.0 -3 354.1 -1 779.5 -1 261.5 120.6 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL -2 311.4 -1 217.9 -21 459.1 -13 391.2 -9 036.9 -6 951.3 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS 2 311.4 1 217.8 21 459.1 13 391.2 9 036.9 6 951.3 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva 82.3 439.4 12 083.4 4 515.6 -3 580.8 -5 319.9 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) 1 924.1 778.4 9 375.7 -740.1 -107.6 -2 042.9 Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional 305.0 _ _ 9 615.7 12 725.3 14 314.1 Exceptional financing<br />

a a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.<br />

Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.


156 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.10 BAHAMAS<br />

BAHAMAS<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -145.9 -471.3 -584.1 -336.7 -418.5 -199.4 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 225.4 805.3 423.1 446.3 424.7 471.2 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -1 156.7 -2 176.4 -1 763.6 -1 598.1 -1 630.2 -1 809.7 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -931.3 -1 371.1 -1 340.5 -1 151.9 -1 205.6 -1 338.5 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 1 542.3 2 036.6 1 859.8 1 981.4 1 980.3 2 119.1 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 52.6 54.6 50.2 57.5 56.7 58.2 Transportation<br />

Viajes 1 345.8 1 814.0 1 647.6 1 762.1 1 782.0 1 884.6 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 143.9 168.0 162.1 161.8 141.6 176.3 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -639.1 -1 007.2 -969.0 -1 001.2 -1 078.7 -1 221.9 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -134.4 -188.1 -250.9 -222.8 -231.8 -296.1 Transportation<br />

Viajes -212.8 -293.0 -255.5 -243.9 -304.7 -315.4 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -291.9 -526.1 -462.6 -534.5 -542.2 -610.4 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -28.1 -341.7 -449.6 -171.6 -303.9 -441.3 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 75.1 212.0 118.6 57.9 48.2 205.4 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 75.1 212.0 118.6 57.9 48.2 205.4 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 75.1 212.0 118.6 57.9 48.2 205.4 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -210.8 -385.0 -294.9 -265.4 -211.4 -214.3 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados -27.8 -51.1 -48.4 -49.8 -56.3 -63.2 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -183.0 -333.9 -246.5 -215.5 -155.1 -151.0 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -183.0 -333.9 -246.5 -215.5 -155.1 -151.0 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -135.7 -173.0 -176.3 -207.5 -163.3 -8.9 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 25.1 53.8 52.7 55.4 59.8 264.7 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -7.2 -10.5 -10.9 -13.0 -11.1 -13.9 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 17.9 43.4 41.8 42.4 48.7 250.8 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a -12.5 -16.4 -21.3 -24.5 -37.4 -47.9 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a 104.6 429.3 239.8 387.7 397.2 359.3 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero -0.1 _ _ _ _ -86.5 Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 106.8 249.7 102.4 152.8 146.6 360.1 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 7 436.6 -19 067.2 -25 411.7 -32 840.8 46 576.8 _ Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos 7 436.6 -19 067.2 -25 411.7 -32 840.8 46 576.8 _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores _ _ _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -7 438.7 19 246.9 25 549.1 33 075.7 -46 326.3 _ Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -26.9 -11.2 -47.8 -52.4 178.2 _ General government<br />

Bancos -7 417.9 19 039.1 25 533.1 33 024.4 -46 679.2 _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores 6.1 219.0 63.8 103.7 174.7 _ Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES 50.9 -2.6 309.9 16.3 -38.1 71.6 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL -2.9 -61.0 -55.7 42.8 -96.8 183.6 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS 2.9 61.0 55.7 -42.8 96.8 -183.3 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva 2.9 61.0 29.9 -60.1 -110.1 -183.3 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional _ _ 25.8 17.4 206.9 _ Exceptional financing<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 157<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.11 BARBADOS<br />

BARBADOS<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE 42.6 -145.1 -110.9 -167.9 -169.4 -354.0 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 245.4 286.4 271.2 253.0 264.2 278.2 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -691.1 -1 030.3 -952.3 -955.0 -1 065.6 -1 260.0 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -445.8 -743.9 -681.1 -702.0 -801.4 -981.8 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 866.6 1 090.2 1 068.5 1 041.3 1 165.5 1 181.4 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 16.4 24.8 22.4 21.0 23.2 35.7 Transportation<br />

Viajes 622.4 723.0 697.2 657.9 757.9 775.5 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 227.9 342.5 349.0 362.4 384.5 370.2 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -363.2 -487.4 -498.5 -491.4 -518.8 -519.8 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -116.9 -163.5 -156.0 -155.3 -169.7 -197.4 Transportation<br />

Viajes -71.1 -94.1 -100.9 -99.0 -104.5 -107.8 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -175.3 -229.8 -241.7 -237.1 -244.7 -214.6 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios 57.7 -141.1 -111.1 -152.0 -154.7 -320.2 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 48.4 70.2 73.0 72.2 75.1 75.3 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 10.3 15.8 16.2 15.9 16.5 _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 38.1 54.4 56.8 56.3 58.6 _ Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) 1.2 5.8 5.9 5.8 6.1 _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera 36.9 48.2 50.7 50.3 52.3 _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) _ 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.3 _ Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -96.1 -152.0 -166.2 -173.8 -182.0 -197.3 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados -2.3 -2.2 -2.2 -2.5 -3.0 _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -93.9 -149.9 -164.0 -171.3 -179.0 _ Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -6.8 -17.0 -18.4 -18.9 -20.9 _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera -86.4 -131.2 -143.7 -150.5 -156.6 _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -0.8 -1.8 -2.0 -2.0 -1.6 _ Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -47.7 -81.9 -93.2 -101.6 -107.0 -122.0 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 56.2 108.9 125.6 120.1 126.5 126.4 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -23.6 -31.0 -32.3 -34.3 -34.3 -38.2 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 32.6 77.9 93.4 85.8 92.3 88.2 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a _ 1.8 1.3 _ _ _ II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a -26.4 289.5 285.0 119.7 202.4 120.7 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero -3.3 -1.1 -1.1 -0.5 -0.5 _ Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 11.8 19.4 18.6 17.4 58.3 31.4 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -3.1 -28.9 -30.5 -24.6 -22.9 _ Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital -7.6 -13.9 -14.8 -21.0 -23.1 _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda 4.6 -15.0 -15.7 -3.6 0.2 _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 40.4 100.5 150.4 -7.7 84.1 _ Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ 1.1 94.7 _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda 40.4 100.5 150.4 -8.8 -10.6 _ Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -167.0 52.6 -56.7 -180.9 -83.1 _ Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -9.3 -4.6 -5.4 -5.6 -4.4 _ General government<br />

Bancos -87.5 66.9 -83.1 -201.3 -87.9 _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -70.3 -9.7 31.8 26.1 9.3 _ Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 94.9 146.9 204.4 315.9 166.5 _ Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias -8.5 _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -34.3 18.6 11.5 -2.2 4.8 _ General government<br />

Bancos 101.4 -77.0 67.9 167.0 -41.1 _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores 36.3 205.2 125.0 151.1 202.8 _ Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES 25.9 32.7 40.0 25.0 34.4 63.1 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL 42.1 178.9 215.3 -23.1 67.4 -170.2 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS -42.1 -178.9 -215.3 23.1 -67.4 170.2 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -25.0 -179.4 -215.9 22.6 -68.0 170.2 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) -18.1 _ _ _ _ _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional 1.0 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 _ Exceptional financing<br />

a a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.<br />

Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.


158 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.12 BELICE<br />

BELIZE<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -17.2 -139.5 -184.9 -162.7 -180.9 -187.2 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 164.6 212.3 275.0 310.4 316.3 299.0 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -230.6 -403.7 -488.7 -500.3 -525.6 -480.8 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -66.1 -191.4 -213.7 -189.9 -209.3 -181.8 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 132.8 172.4 174.6 184.1 212.9 226.6 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 6.2 11.3 11.8 18.1 22.1 _ Transportation<br />

Viajes 77.6 122.0 120.1 130.1 151.5 _ Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 49.0 39.1 42.6 35.9 39.3 _ Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -94.9 -119.8 -121.8 -130.7 -139.3 -173.4 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -40.7 -48.4 -36.7 -37.7 -39.5 _ Transportation<br />

Viajes -20.8 -30.0 -40.8 -42.5 -44.2 _ Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -33.4 -41.4 -44.4 -50.5 -55.6 _ Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -28.1 -138.8 -161.0 -136.5 -135.7 -128.6 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 2.8 4.8 11.1 7.1 4.2 4.2 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ _ 2.0 1.9 2.5 _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 2.8 4.8 9.1 5.2 1.7 _ Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 2.8 4.8 9.1 5.2 1.7 _ Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -25.1 -58.9 -83.2 -79.2 -94.0 -114.7 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados -5.7 -6.8 -12.7 -10.8 -11.2 _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -19.3 -52.1 -70.5 -68.5 -82.8 _ Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -8.0 -28.4 -33.3 -33.2 -31.0 _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ -4.2 -10.9 -9.7 -26.8 _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -11.3 -19.6 -26.3 -25.6 -25.1 _ Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -22.3 -54.1 -72.1 -72.1 -89.8 -110.5 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 38.3 56.6 50.0 48.0 47.0 _ Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -5.2 -3.2 -1.8 -2.1 -2.5 _ Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 33.1 53.4 48.2 45.9 44.5 51.9 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a _ 0.5 0.5 7.5 -50.5 _ II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a -1.0 88.4 171.5 143.7 214.5 218.6 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero _ _ _ _ -0.4 _ Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 21.1 17.7 59.9 25.0 28.8 145.0 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ _ _ _ -0.2 _ Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ -0.2 _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 3.5 26.9 -14.9 110.0 75.5 _ Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda 3.5 26.9 -14.9 110.0 75.5 _ Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -14.1 -39.4 -2.4 -0.6 -8.0 _ Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ -11.1 -3.1 -8.0 -3.0 _ General government<br />

Bancos -1.7 -26.3 2.5 9.3 -3.0 _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -12.4 -2.1 -1.9 -1.9 -2.0 _ Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -11.5 83.3 129.0 9.4 118.7 _ Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ 41.8 -0.6 -33.0 -2.6 _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -2.6 46.1 122.6 11.6 72.5 _ General government<br />

Bancos -12.1 15.5 11.6 -1.4 30.2 _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores 3.2 -20.2 -4.6 32.2 18.6 _ Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES 22.4 7.3 9.4 3.8 6.1 _ IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL 4.1 -43.3 -3.5 -7.7 -10.8 31.4 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS -4.1 43.3 3.5 7.7 10.8 -31.4 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -4.1 -51.8 3.2 5.5 30.8 -31.4 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional _ 95.2 0.3 2.2 -20.0 _ Exceptional financing<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 159<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.13 BOLIVIA<br />

BOLIVIA<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -302.5 -446.4 -274.0 -349.9 62.3 285.2 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 1 041.4 1 246.1 1 284.8 1 298.7 1 597.8 2 146.0 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -1 223.7 -1 610.2 -1 707.7 -1 774.9 -1 615.9 -1 844.2 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -182.3 -364.1 -422.9 -476.2 -18.1 301.8 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 192.4 224.0 235.9 256.7 364.0 399.8 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 78.1 50.1 67.1 62.3 85.9 _ Transportation<br />

Viajes 55.0 68.4 75.7 100.5 110.9 _ Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 59.3 105.5 93.1 93.9 167.2 _ Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -350.2 -467.7 -271.9 -297.2 -433.0 -475.3 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -211.2 -269.7 -282.8 -169.3 -156.1 _ Transportation<br />

Viajes -48.1 -77.2 -83.1 -80.0 -97.1 _ Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -90.9 -120.8 94.0 -47.8 -179.8 _ Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -340.1 -607.8 -458.9 -516.7 -87.1 226.3 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 28.3 139.7 112.0 93.6 61.5 79.1 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 3.6 25.8 21.9 23.2 24.2 24.9 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 24.7 113.9 90.1 70.4 37.3 54.2 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ 3.2 _ _ _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ 110.7 _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 24.7 _ 90.1 70.4 37.3 54.2 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -234.9 -365.0 -323.2 -298.3 -363.3 -464.0 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados -7.2 -5.8 _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -227.7 -359.2 -323.2 -298.3 -363.3 -464.0 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -24.4 -148.4 _ _ _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ _ -174.6 -180.4 -230.7 -302.9 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -203.3 -210.8 -148.6 -117.9 -132.6 -161.1 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -206.6 -225.3 -211.2 -204.7 -301.8 -384.9 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 248.0 420.0 396.1 371.4 451.3 443.7 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -3.8 -33.2 _ _ _ _ Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 244.2 386.8 396.1 371.4 451.3 443.7 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a 2.0 _ _ _ 7.3 8.0 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a 505.2 461.8 445.7 699.7 167.1 32.7 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero -2.0 -2.8 _ _ _ _ Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 392.7 736.4 703.3 674.1 194.9 113.7 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ 55.4 _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ 55.4 _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ _ -23.0 -19.3 -68.2 -121.7 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -38.4 -146.1 _ _ _ _ Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ -1.2 _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ -7.9 _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos -38.4 -94.4 _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores _ -42.6 _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 152.9 -181.1 -234.7 45.0 40.5 40.6 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias 78.0 -23.7 _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -41.0 131.4 _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos 78.8 -280.1 _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores 37.1 -8.7 _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES -112.3 -54.8 -209.0 -642.5 -159.4 -199.9 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL 92.4 -39.4 -37.3 -292.7 77.3 125.9 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS -92.4 39.4 37.3 292.7 -77.3 -125.9 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -147.4 38.8 28.4 275.4 -92.9 -138.5 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) -1.1 -14.5 _ _ _ _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional 56.1 15.1 8.9 17.3 15.5 12.5 Exceptional financing<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


160 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.14 BRASIL<br />

BRAZIL<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -18 136.0 -24 224.5 -23 214.5 -7 636.6 4 177.3 11 737.6 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 46 506.0 55 085.6 58 222.6 60 361.8 73 084.1 96 475.2 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -49 663.0 -55 783.3 -55 572.2 -47 240.5 -48 290.2 -62 809.0 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -3 157.0 -697.7 2 650.5 13 121.3 24 793.9 33 666.2 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 6 135.0 9 498.4 9 321.9 9 551.3 10 447.0 12 583.5 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 2 600.0 1 409.3 1 421.7 1 535.7 1 821.9 2 466.7 Transportation<br />

Viajes 972.0 1 809.9 1 730.6 1 998.0 2 478.7 3 222.1 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 2 563.0 6 279.2 6 169.7 6 017.6 6 146.4 6 894.8 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -13 630.0 -16 660.4 -17 081.2 -14 508.5 -15 378.1 -17 260.2 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -5 800.0 -4 304.9 -4 388.1 -3 494.3 -3 411.7 -4 451.7 Transportation<br />

Viajes -3 391.0 -3 894.1 -3 198.6 -2 395.8 -2 261.1 -2 871.3 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -4 439.0 -8 461.5 -9 494.5 -8 618.4 -9 705.3 -9 937.2 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -10 652.0 -7 859.8 -5 108.8 8 164.1 19 862.8 28 989.5 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 3 457.0 3 620.7 3 279.5 3 295.2 3 338.7 3 198.9 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 61.0 237.3 270.4 292.8 268.6 353.8 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 3 396.0 3 383.4 3 009.1 3 002.4 3 070.0 2 845.2 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) 770.0 999.1 367.2 966.7 886.1 1 061.1 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera 153.0 858.9 1 463.0 1 382.5 1 323.0 733.4 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 2 473.0 1 525.5 1 178.9 653.2 861.0 1 050.6 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -14 562.0 -21 506.6 -23 022.7 -21 485.8 -21 890.8 -23 719.1 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados -218.0 -158.1 -175.3 -191.1 -160.0 -172.8 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -14 344.0 -21 348.4 -22 847.4 -21 294.7 -21 730.7 -23 546.3 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -2 814.0 -4 237.9 -5 005.5 -5 949.6 -5 983.7 -6 859.7 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera -4 896.0 -9 403.9 -11 083.7 -9 766.9 -10 066.3 -11 172.8 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -6 634.0 -7 706.6 -6 758.2 -5 578.2 -5 680.7 -5 513.7 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -11 105.0 -17 885.8 -19 743.2 -18 190.6 -18 552.1 -20 520.1 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 3 861.0 1 827.7 1 933.7 2 626.9 3 132.0 3 582.5 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -240.0 -306.6 -296.2 -237.0 -265.5 -314.3 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 3 621.0 1 521.1 1 637.5 2 389.8 2 866.6 3 268.2 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a 352.0 272.5 -36.0 433.0 498.2 339.5 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a 29 306.0 29 376.2 20 331.3 -3 908.9 -156.6 -3 333.0 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero -1 384.0 -2 281.6 2 257.6 -2 482.1 -249.3 -9 470.8 Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 4 859.0 32 779.2 22 457.4 16 590.2 10 143.5 18 165.7 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -936.0 -1 695.7 -795.1 -321.1 178.8 -754.6 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital -168.0 -1 953.3 _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda -768.0 257.6 _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 10 171.0 8 650.8 872.1 -4 797.4 5 128.8 -3 995.6 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital 2 775.0 3 075.9 2 481.2 1 980.7 2 972.6 2 080.9 Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda 7 396.0 5 574.9 -1 609.1 -6 778.2 2 156.2 -6 076.5 Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -1 783.0 -2 603.8 -6 019.0 -2 278.3 -9 069.9 -1 728.7 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ -17.9 _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ 192.5 _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos -228.0 1 550.6 _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -1 555.0 -4 329.1 _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 18 379.0 -5 472.7 1 558.3 -10 620.1 -6 288.4 -5 549.0 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias -1 652.0 -200.6 _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ 1 539.7 _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos 7 071.0 1 717.7 _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores 12 960.0 -8 529.5 _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES 1 446.7 2 557.1 -531.0 -65.7 -792.6 -2 137.5 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL 12 968.7 7 981.3 -3 450.2 -11 178.3 3 726.3 6 606.6 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS -12 968.7 -7 981.3 3 450.2 11 178.3 -3 726.3 -6 606.6 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -12 919.7 2 260.4 -3 306.6 -302.1 -8 495.7 -2 244.0 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) -49.0 -6 795.2 6 756.8 11 480.4 4 769.3 -4 362.6 Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional _ -3 446.5 _ _ _ _ Exceptional financing<br />

a a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.<br />

Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 161<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.15 CHILE<br />

CHILE<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -1 349.6 -897.5 -1 100.1 -580.1 -1 102.1 1 389.7 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 16 025.0 19 210.2 18 271.8 18 179.8 21 523.6 32 024.9 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -14 644.0 -17 091.4 -16 428.2 -15 794.2 -18 001.7 -23 005.7 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes 1 381.0 2 118.8 1 843.6 2 385.6 3 521.9 9 019.2 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 3 332.9 4 082.9 4 138.4 4 385.5 4 949.5 5 956.4 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 1 194.0 2 187.6 2 294.0 2 205.4 2 646.9 3 297.7 Transportation<br />

Viajes 911.0 819.4 798.5 897.6 859.0 1 090.7 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 1 227.9 1 075.9 1 045.9 1 282.5 1 443.7 1 568.0 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -3 657.0 -4 801.7 -4 982.6 -5 087.0 -5 566.7 -6 536.7 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -1 904.0 -2 191.2 -2 259.9 -2 299.9 -2 513.7 -3 220.7 Transportation<br />

Viajes -703.0 -619.8 -708.2 -672.8 -774.5 -891.7 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -1 050.0 -1 990.8 -2 014.6 -2 114.3 -2 278.5 -2 424.4 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios 1 056.9 1 400.0 999.3 1 684.1 2 904.8 8 438.9 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 868.5 1 597.6 1 458.3 1 113.7 1 435.5 1 509.6 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ 13.3 11.9 12.4 12.5 _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 868.5 1 584.3 1 446.4 1 101.3 1 423.0 1 509.6 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) 68.4 567.6 645.5 289.1 652.0 661.5 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ 88.0 25.2 251.4 329.3 415.9 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 800.1 928.8 775.7 560.8 441.6 432.2 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -3 582.0 -4 453.2 -3 984.5 -3 960.4 -6 041.8 -9 610.3 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ -15.6 -15.7 -15.9 -16.0 -3.2 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -3 582.0 -4 437.6 -3 968.8 -3 944.5 -6 025.8 -9 607.1 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -2 178.0 -2 539.1 -2 250.0 -2 447.0 -4 611.3 -8 052.2 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ -490.1 -526.7 -710.7 -816.9 -1 118.4 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -1 404.0 -1 408.5 -1 192.1 -786.8 -597.6 -436.5 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -2 713.5 -2 855.6 -2 526.2 -2 846.7 -4 606.3 -8 100.6 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 482.0 765.3 713.0 954.3 928.5 1 395.2 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -175.0 -207.3 -286.2 -371.7 -329.1 -343.8 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 307.0 558.0 426.8 582.5 599.4 1 051.4 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a _ _ _ 83.0 _ 5.1 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a 2 356.6 787.4 1 361.8 1 634.3 1 661.2 -524.2 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero -752.0 -3 986.6 -1 609.7 -343.2 -1 884.1 -943.0 Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 2 957.0 4 860.0 4 199.8 2 549.9 4 385.4 7 602.8 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -14.0 766.1 -1 386.0 -3 315.8 -4 171.6 -4 557.0 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital -14.0 820.9 _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ -54.8 _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 48.0 -127.3 1 525.3 998.5 2 053.7 1 123.2 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital -249.0 -427.3 _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda 297.0 300.0 _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -309.4 -2 064.6 -1 325.8 1 140.6 -384.4 -2 965.9 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias 10.0 _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos 56.6 652.7 _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -376.0 -2 717.3 _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 427.0 1 339.9 -41.8 604.2 1 662.3 -784.2 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias -402.0 36.0 _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -1 323.0 -127.6 _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos -322.0 -278.1 _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores 2 474.0 1 709.6 _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES 131.5 446.8 -857.7 -938.7 -924.7 -1 061.4 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL 1 138.5 336.7 -596.1 198.6 -365.6 -190.8 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS -1 138.5 -336.7 596.1 -198.6 365.6 190.8 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -739.7 -336.7 596.1 -198.6 365.6 190.8 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) -297.9 _ _ _ _ _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional -101.0 _ _ _ _ _ Exceptional financing<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


162 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.16 COLOMBIA<br />

COLOMBIA<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -4 527.1 740.4 -1 093.6 -1 340.5 -987.4 -967.0 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 10 593.4 13 722.2 12 848.0 12 316.0 13 825.0 17 245.9 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -13 138.9 -11 089.6 -12 268.9 -12 077.5 -13 257.8 -15 877.9 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -2 545.6 2 632.6 579.1 238.5 567.3 1 367.9 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 1 700.7 2 048.7 2 190.0 1 867.0 1 899.6 2 249.8 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 565.0 587.9 566.6 539.2 623.0 679.7 Transportation<br />

Viajes 656.6 1 030.4 1 217.3 967.0 869.4 1 031.7 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 479.1 430.4 406.1 360.8 407.1 538.4 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -2 884.9 -3 327.8 -3 602.0 -3 301.8 -3 340.4 -4 051.3 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -1 191.5 -1 306.6 -1 414.3 -1 201.9 -1 259.6 -1 613.4 Transportation<br />

Viajes -877.9 -1 060.0 -1 163.7 -1 074.9 -1 035.6 -1 289.8 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -815.5 -961.2 -1 024.0 -1 025.1 -1 045.2 -1 148.1 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -3 729.7 1 353.5 -833.0 -1 196.3 -873.5 -433.5 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 677.5 1 050.8 914.0 711.2 548.1 663.5 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 5.9 32.1 35.0 26.2 15.9 19.7 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 671.7 1 018.7 879.1 685.0 532.2 643.7 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) 33.9 30.8 38.0 88.4 119.9 151.8 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera 565.6 742.1 _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 72.2 245.8 841.0 596.6 412.2 491.9 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -2 273.7 -3 337.1 -3 528.7 -3 559.4 -3 994.5 -4 846.8 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados -2.0 -12.3 -12.4 -13.5 -12.5 -19.0 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -2 271.7 -3 324.8 -3 516.3 -3 545.9 -3 982.0 -4 827.8 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -358.7 -655.3 -937.5 -1 044.7 -1 568.7 -2 331.8 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera -205.8 -758.0 _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -1 707.2 -1 911.5 -2 578.8 -2 501.2 -2 413.3 -2 496.0 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -1 596.2 -2 286.3 -2 614.6 -2 848.2 -3 446.4 -4 183.4 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 1 032.9 1 911.4 2 655.5 3 008.3 3 567.5 3 919.7 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -234.0 -238.2 -301.5 -304.2 -235.0 -269.8 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 798.8 1 673.2 2 354.0 2 704.1 3 332.6 3 649.9 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a _ _ _ _ _ _ II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a 4 559.7 71.2 2 458.2 1 279.3 746.4 3 133.5 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero -256.2 -325.3 -16.1 -856.8 -937.7 -142.4 Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 968.4 2 394.8 2 524.9 2 114.5 1 801.0 3 051.8 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 394.5 -1 173.2 -3 459.6 2 029.1 -1 753.3 -1 564.8 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda 394.5 -1 173.2 -3 459.6 2 029.1 -1 753.3 -1 564.8 Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 1 042.0 1 453.4 3 453.2 -983.8 84.5 1 123.6 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital 164.7 16.9 -42.3 -34.3 _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda 877.4 1 436.5 3 495.5 -949.5 _ _ Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -2.6 -550.8 231.2 184.5 1 676.2 554.2 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ -7.9 7.5 0.5 _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -23.0 -39.8 -35.3 -29.8 _ _ General government<br />

Bancos 70.0 144.7 102.1 58.3 _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -49.6 -647.8 156.9 155.5 _ _ Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 2 413.6 -1 727.6 -317.6 -1 360.0 -124.3 111.2 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias 51.1 -15.2 -12.3 -12.9 _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -79.8 339.7 225.4 -225.1 _ _ General government<br />

Bancos 588.3 -1 148.9 -403.0 -303.7 _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores 1 853.9 -903.2 -127.7 -818.3 _ _ Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES -36.7 50.1 -147.3 199.4 57.1 374.6 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL -4.1 861.7 1 217.3 138.2 -183.8 2 541.1 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS 4.1 -861.7 -1 217.3 -138.2 183.8 -2 541.1 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva 4.1 -861.7 -1 217.3 -138.2 183.8 -2 541.1 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional _ _ _ _ _ _ Exceptional financing<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 163<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.17 COSTA RICA<br />

COSTA RICA<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -358.1 -706.8 -655.5 -916.1 -928.7 -831.5 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 3 481.8 5 813.4 4 923.2 5 269.9 6 163.0 6 369.7 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -3 804.4 -6 023.8 -5 743.3 -6 537.1 -7 294.4 -7 832.7 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -322.6 -210.5 -820.1 -1 267.2 -1 131.4 -1 463.0 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 969.1 1 936.3 1 926.0 1 869.9 2 027.0 2 240.5 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 134.1 257.5 269.5 244.9 247.0 245.4 Transportation<br />

Viajes 681.1 1 302.4 1 173.3 1 160.7 1 293.1 1 459.0 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 153.9 376.3 483.2 464.3 486.9 536.1 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -913.0 -1 273.5 -1 168.9 -1 182.1 -1 188.4 -1 307.7 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -370.9 -417.2 -424.9 -457.8 -454.1 -514.6 Transportation<br />

Viajes -322.8 -485.4 -364.4 -344.9 -353.2 -405.7 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -219.3 -370.9 -379.6 -379.4 -381.1 -387.4 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -266.5 452.3 -63.1 -579.5 -292.7 -530.2 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 146.4 242.8 196.0 159.0 145.8 148.5 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 7.4 15.6 14.5 16.4 14.9 17.3 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 139.0 227.2 181.6 142.6 130.9 131.2 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) 5.5 11.0 21.4 19.9 18.2 5.0 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ 1.1 5.0 5.5 3.1 8.6 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 133.5 215.0 155.2 117.2 109.7 117.6 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -371.9 -1 495.2 -943.7 -676.3 -994.5 -665.4 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados -7.5 -34.3 -33.7 -35.4 -36.3 -36.6 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -364.4 -1 460.9 -910.1 -640.9 -958.2 -628.8 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -108.9 -1 140.8 -564.0 -347.2 -642.6 -329.6 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera -44.0 -96.9 -128.1 -135.6 -150.8 -153.7 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -211.5 -223.2 -218.0 -158.2 -164.8 -145.5 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -225.5 -1 252.4 -747.7 -517.3 -848.6 -517.0 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 165.2 203.8 266.4 296.9 368.6 371.2 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -31.3 -110.5 -111.1 -116.2 -156.0 -155.5 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 133.9 93.4 155.3 180.7 212.6 215.7 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a _ 8.9 13.6 6.3 27.7 9.4 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a 517.3 -34.6 424.9 1 059.0 1 159.9 821.2 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero -5.5 -5.0 -11.1 -34.1 -26.9 -60.6 Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 336.9 408.6 458.5 658.4 574.2 617.3 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -0.4 -18.5 -81.2 28.4 -91.6 53.1 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital -0.4 -4.0 -21.9 4.6 -1.5 -6.6 Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ -14.4 -59.2 23.8 -90.1 59.8 Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -24.4 -67.5 99.8 74.9 102.8 88.4 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda -24.4 -67.5 99.8 74.9 102.8 88.4 Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 16.8 -344.3 65.5 235.5 162.4 -110.6 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -27.6 -28.8 Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ 4.1 General government<br />

Bancos -9.8 -76.3 13.6 17.3 -35.2 -80.8 Banks<br />

Otros sectores 26.5 -267.8 52.0 218.4 225.2 -5.0 Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 193.9 -7.8 -106.7 95.8 439.1 233.5 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias -94.4 -175.3 -135.2 -76.7 108.6 236.0 Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general 12.9 -74.6 -65.3 -57.7 -86.5 15.2 General government<br />

Bancos 23.0 142.9 127.1 58.1 173.2 -18.4 Banks<br />

Otros sectores 252.4 99.1 -33.4 172.1 243.8 0.6 Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES 57.1 391.0 230.1 13.8 80.0 81.2 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL 216.2 -341.4 13.1 163.0 338.9 80.3 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS -216.2 341.4 -13.1 -163.0 -338.9 -80.3 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -179.2 152.9 -13.1 -163.0 -338.9 -80.3 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) -44.4 _ _ _ _ _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional 7.4 188.4 _ _ _ _ Exceptional financing<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


164 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.18 CUBA<br />

CUBA<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -517.5 -696.2 -547.2 -277.0 -127.0 41.0 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 1 507.3 1 675.3 1 621.9 1 422.0 1 671.0 2 180.0 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -2 991.6 -4 795.6 -4 793.2 -4 129.5 -4 613.0 -5 549.0 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -1 484.3 -3 120.4 -3 171.3 -2 707.5 -2 942.0 -3 369.0 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 1 528.2 3 114.1 2 953.8 2 836.0 3 200.0 3 680.0 Services: credit<br />

Transportes _ _ _ _ _ _ Transportation<br />

Viajes _ _ _ _ _ _ Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios _ _ _ _ _ _ Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -682.8 -808.1 -640.4 -625.0 -650.0 -670.0 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes _ _ _ _ _ _ Transportation<br />

Viajes _ _ _ _ _ _ Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios _ _ _ _ _ _ Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -638.9 -814.4 -857.9 -496.5 -392.0 -359.0 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) _ _ _ _ _ _ Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión _ _ _ _ _ _ Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -524.8 -622.2 -502.2 -600.0 -650.0 -700.0 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión _ _ _ _ _ _ Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) _ _ _ _ _ _ Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -524.8 -622.2 -502.2 -600.0 -650.0 -700.0 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) _ _ _ _ _ _ Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) _ _ _ _ _ _ Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 646.2 740.4 812.9 820.0 915.0 1 100.0 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a _ _ _ _ _ _ II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a 596.2 805.4 594.5 300.0 200.0 800.0 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante _ 448.1 38.9 _ _ _ Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión _ _ _ _ _ _ Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos _ _ _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores _ _ _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión _ _ _ _ _ _ Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos _ _ _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores _ _ _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES _ _ _ _ _ _ IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL 78.7 109.2 47.3 23.0 73.0 841.0 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS -78.7 -109.2 -47.3 -23.0 -73.0 -841.0 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -78.7 -109.2 -47.3 -23.0 -73.0 -841.0 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional _ _ _ _ _ _ Exceptional financing<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 165<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.19 DOMINICA<br />

DOMINICA<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -40.7 -59.8 -49.7 -43.9 -38.8 -57.7 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 50.3 54.7 44.4 43.6 41.0 42.8 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -103.2 -130.4 -115.7 -102.4 -104.9 -127.7 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -52.9 -75.6 -71.3 -58.7 -63.8 -84.9 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 61.4 89.8 76.9 79.7 77.3 87.6 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 5.6 7.1 6.1 5.4 4.9 6.1 Transportation<br />

Viajes 41.5 48.2 46.4 45.7 52.3 60.6 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 14.2 34.5 24.3 28.6 20.1 20.8 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -43.7 -52.7 -50.0 -53.9 -43.7 -46.3 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -16.6 -21.8 -20.0 -18.5 -19.0 -21.9 Transportation<br />

Viajes -5.9 -8.9 -9.2 -9.1 -8.9 -9.2 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -21.2 -22.0 -20.8 -26.3 -15.8 -15.2 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -35.3 -38.6 -44.5 -32.9 -30.2 -43.7 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 3.3 4.7 3.6 2.7 2.2 3.1 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ 0.6 1.4 0.6 0.6 0.8 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 3.3 4.0 2.2 2.2 1.6 2.2 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) 0.1 0.4 0.1 _ _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera 1.1 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.1 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 2.1 3.1 1.8 1.7 1.1 2.2 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -16.6 -44.0 -26.3 -27.4 -23.6 -33.8 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados -0.1 _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -16.5 -44.0 -26.3 -27.4 -23.6 -33.8 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -12.2 -33.0 -16.4 -15.8 -13.4 -19.4 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ -3.7 -4.5 -4.5 -4.4 -5.7 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -4.3 -7.2 -5.3 -7.0 -5.8 -8.8 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -13.3 -39.3 -22.7 -24.6 -21.3 -30.7 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 16.3 25.1 24.8 20.4 20.6 23.1 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -8.4 -7.0 -7.3 -6.7 -7.9 -6.3 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 7.9 18.1 17.5 13.6 12.8 16.7 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a 24.5 10.9 18.0 20.5 18.8 26.8 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a 42.1 55.4 27.9 18.0 20.0 11.2 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 54.1 17.6 14.7 17.7 29.0 23.8 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -8.0 -0.4 _ _ -0.2 -2.3 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ 14.0 -0.2 12.1 3.6 -0.2 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -3.6 -10.4 -5.0 -2.8 7.5 -1.9 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos _ _ _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -3.6 _ _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -0.4 34.6 18.5 -9.0 -20.1 -8.2 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos _ _ _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -0.4 _ _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES -17.6 -6.0 7.3 18.0 2.8 12.8 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL 8.3 0.5 3.5 12.5 2.7 -6.9 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS -8.3 -0.5 -3.5 -12.5 -2.7 6.9 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -7.5 -0.5 -3.5 -12.5 -2.7 6.9 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) -0.9 _ _ _ _ _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional _ _ _ _ _ _ Exceptional financing<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


166 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.20 ECUADOR<br />

ECUADOR<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -1 000.0 920.9 -694.7 -1 399.3 -340.3 -154.7 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 4 468.3 5 137.2 4 781.5 5 198.3 6 380.8 7 910.4 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -4 534.6 -3 742.6 -5 178.7 -6 196.0 -6 294.4 -7 497.3 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -66.3 1 394.6 -397.2 -997.7 86.5 413.1 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 727.8 849.3 862.2 883.9 882.3 921.3 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 321.6 290.0 248.3 243.4 268.6 340.5 Transportation<br />

Viajes 255.0 402.0 430.0 447.2 406.4 367.4 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 151.2 157.3 183.8 193.4 207.3 213.5 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -1 173.3 -1 269.3 -1 434.1 -1 631.6 -1 616.2 -1 890.2 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -484.1 -438.8 -557.3 -674.8 -659.7 -833.2 Transportation<br />

Viajes -235.0 -299.0 -340.0 -363.9 -354.4 -391.0 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -454.2 -531.5 -536.8 -592.8 -602.2 -666.0 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -511.7 974.6 -969.1 -1 745.4 -647.5 -555.7 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 98.4 70.5 47.5 29.9 27.1 32.8 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 4.0 5.6 6.1 6.0 6.0 6.0 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 94.4 64.9 41.5 23.9 21.1 26.8 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 94.4 64.9 41.5 23.9 21.1 26.8 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -1 028.6 -1 475.9 -1 411.9 -1 335.5 -1 491.6 -1 525.4 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados -4.0 -6.0 -6.9 -7.3 -6.5 -6.5 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -1 024.6 -1 469.9 -1 405.0 -1 328.2 -1 485.1 -1 518.9 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -144.1 -279.6 -333.0 -301.9 -366.5 -359.4 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera -199.8 -463.7 -300.5 -291.8 -317.5 -344.1 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -680.8 -726.6 -771.5 -734.4 -801.1 -815.5 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -930.2 -1 405.5 -1 364.4 -1 305.5 -1 464.5 -1 492.6 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 506.1 1 436.8 1 685.9 1 709.5 1 794.1 1 912.8 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -64.2 -85.0 -47.1 -57.8 -22.4 -19.2 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 441.9 1 351.8 1 638.8 1 651.7 1 771.7 1 893.6 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a 17.3 -1.4 -62.6 15.6 17.1 18.1 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a -43.2 -6 602.3 1 031.5 1 164.6 242.1 290.7 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 452.5 720.0 1 329.8 1 275.3 1 554.7 1 160.3 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 3.0 -5 582.7 117.1 0.2 8.1 56.4 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital 12.6 0.1 0.9 1.3 9.2 1.4 Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda -9.6 -5 582.8 116.1 -1.1 -1.1 55.0 Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -668.3 -1 274.4 -1 283.6 -1 351.0 -939.5 -1 590.5 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos _ _ _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -668.3 -1 274.4 162.6 _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 169.6 -465.3 868.2 1 240.1 -381.3 664.5 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias -53.8 -135.2 -144.1 -137.6 _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -692.0 206.4 188.0 -21.6 _ _ General government<br />

Bancos 30.8 -37.4 -107.7 -18.6 _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores 884.6 -499.2 932.0 1 419.2 _ _ Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES -433.0 -14.5 -532.5 94.9 201.4 126.9 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL -1 459.0 -5 697.3 -258.4 -124.2 120.2 281.0 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS 1 459.0 5 697.3 258.4 124.2 -120.2 -281.0 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva 174.4 -306.8 105.9 65.8 -152.4 -276.9 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) -29.0 150.9 47.5 _ _ _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional 1 313.5 5 853.2 105.0 58.4 32.2 -4.1 Exceptional financing<br />

a a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.<br />

Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 167<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.21 EL SALVADOR<br />

EL SALVADOR<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -261.6 -430.5 -150.3 -405.1 -763.6 -611.7 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 1 651.1 2 963.2 2 891.6 3 019.8 3 152.6 3 329.6 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -3 113.5 -4 702.8 -4 824.1 -4 884.7 -5 428.2 -5 948.8 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -1 462.3 -1 739.6 -1 932.5 -1 864.9 -2 275.6 -2 619.2 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 388.6 698.4 703.6 783.2 853.5 971.5 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 96.7 248.6 289.4 311.4 330.1 342.5 Transportation<br />

Viajes 85.4 216.9 201.1 245.2 288.0 337.2 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 206.4 232.9 213.1 226.6 235.4 291.8 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -509.8 -933.3 -954.0 -1 022.9 -1 033.4 -1 080.3 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -268.5 -405.0 -365.4 -447.7 -481.2 -483.5 Transportation<br />

Viajes -72.4 -165.2 -195.3 -191.1 -196.4 -239.8 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -168.8 -363.1 -393.3 -384.1 -355.8 -357.0 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -1 583.5 -1 974.5 -2 182.9 -2 104.6 -2 455.5 -2 728.0 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 54.0 141.3 168.9 159.1 140.4 144.1 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 3.2 13.5 13.8 17.4 16.0 15.4 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 50.8 127.8 155.1 141.7 124.4 128.7 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ _ 3.4 2.1 7.5 4.9 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ _ 0.3 7.7 13.9 23.5 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 50.8 127.8 151.4 131.9 103.0 100.3 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -120.7 -394.4 -434.6 -482.5 -562.8 -603.6 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ -19.2 -25.7 -21.6 -24.3 -32.3 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -120.7 -375.2 -408.9 -460.9 -538.5 -571.3 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ -59.5 -73.4 -89.3 -84.2 -81.6 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ -21.2 -10.4 -86.5 -163.3 -184.5 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -120.7 -294.5 -325.1 -285.1 -291.0 -305.2 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -66.7 -253.1 -265.7 -323.4 -422.4 -459.5 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 1 393.2 1 830.3 2 373.5 2 111.1 2 200.2 2 634.4 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -4.6 -33.2 -75.2 -88.2 -85.9 -58.6 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 1 388.6 1 797.1 2 298.3 2 022.9 2 114.3 2 575.8 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a _ 109.0 198.9 208.9 112.9 99.7 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a 438.3 287.8 230.4 688.2 1 240.4 426.5 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero _ 5.0 9.7 25.7 -18.6 -7.4 Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 38.0 173.4 279.0 470.2 172.9 465.9 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ -8.9 -126.5 -289.2 -263.7 -124.7 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ -0.3 5.1 Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ -8.9 -126.5 -289.2 -263.4 -129.8 Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 68.5 -16.8 155.5 554.8 452.9 424.8 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ 2.4 -2.4 _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda 68.5 -16.8 153.1 557.2 452.9 424.8 Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 24.2 -245.0 -629.1 -223.7 8.0 -153.0 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias 35.0 _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos -10.2 -146.3 -391.3 -83.1 133.7 -19.7 Banks<br />

Otros sectores -0.6 -98.7 -237.8 -140.6 -125.7 -133.3 Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 307.5 380.1 541.8 150.4 888.9 -179.1 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias 38.2 -19.4 -30.8 -27.7 76.7 -40.8 Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general 46.4 83.3 201.0 217.6 33.2 -144.8 General government<br />

Bancos 219.9 120.0 278.3 139.2 491.5 214.0 Banks<br />

Otros sectores 3.1 196.2 93.3 -178.7 287.5 -207.5 Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES -28.4 -11.8 -456.7 -615.5 -273.5 45.5 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL 148.3 -45.5 -177.7 -123.5 316.2 -40.0 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS -148.3 45.5 177.7 123.5 -316.2 40.0 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -148.3 45.5 177.7 123.5 -316.2 40.0 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional _ _ _ _ _ _ Exceptional financing<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


168 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.22 GRANADA<br />

GRENADA<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -40.8 -88.1 -105.1 -124.9 -143.7 -56.2 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 24.6 83.0 63.6 42.0 45.5 36.5 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -129.8 -220.9 -196.8 -181.4 -226.4 -238.4 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -105.2 -138.0 -133.2 -139.4 -180.9 -201.9 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 99.2 152.8 133.3 130.5 134.0 157.3 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 3.9 5.8 8.1 7.8 9.0 9.3 Transportation<br />

Viajes 76.2 92.5 83.5 91.5 103.7 83.5 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 19.1 54.5 41.8 31.1 21.3 64.5 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -38.5 -89.2 -84.9 -91.8 -83.0 -94.2 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -20.7 -34.3 -32.9 -30.5 -39.2 -41.1 Transportation<br />

Viajes -4.6 -7.7 -7.6 -7.8 -8.4 -9.4 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -13.2 -47.3 -44.5 -53.6 -35.4 -43.7 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -44.5 -74.4 -84.8 -100.7 -129.9 -138.8 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 4.9 5.1 3.7 4.1 3.7 5.7 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 0.1 _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 4.8 5.1 3.7 4.1 3.7 5.6 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ 0.2 0.3 0.1 _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera 1.8 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.2 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 3.0 3.9 2.7 3.4 3.1 5.5 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -18.4 -38.8 -45.2 -51.6 -54.0 -44.5 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -18.3 -38.8 -45.2 -51.6 -54.0 -44.5 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -12.6 -27.8 -33.6 -32.2 -26.1 -13.9 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ -1.2 -2.0 -6.6 -11.6 -16.4 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -5.7 -9.9 -9.5 -12.8 -16.3 -14.2 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -13.4 -33.7 -41.4 -47.5 -50.3 -38.9 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 21.6 30.3 30.5 32.0 48.2 126.5 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -4.5 -10.2 -9.4 -8.7 -11.8 -5.0 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 17.1 20.1 21.2 23.3 36.5 121.5 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a 25.8 32.1 42.5 31.8 41.5 39.8 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a 3.1 63.8 47.2 104.5 89.7 44.5 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 20.0 37.4 58.7 58.8 89.2 54.0 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -0.9 -0.1 -0.4 -1.7 -2.6 -7.4 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ 19.5 0.2 109.4 31.7 37.5 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -11.0 -11.1 -5.3 -14.2 -20.1 -4.0 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos _ _ _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -11.0 _ _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -5.0 18.0 -5.9 -47.8 -8.4 -35.5 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos _ _ _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -5.0 _ _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES 17.9 -1.2 21.2 19.8 -0.3 18.5 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL 6.0 6.6 5.8 31.2 -12.8 46.7 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS -6.0 -6.6 -5.8 -31.2 12.8 -46.7 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -6.0 -6.6 -5.8 -31.2 12.8 -46.7 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional _ _ _ _ _ _ Exceptional financing<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 169<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.23 GUATEMALA<br />

GUATEMALA<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -572.0 -1 049.0 -1 252.9 -1 234.9 -1 039.1 -1 188.3 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 2 157.5 3 081.9 2 859.8 2 819.0 3 059.9 3 429.5 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -3 032.6 -4 742.0 -5 142.0 -5 791.0 -6 175.7 -7 189.1 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -875.1 -1 660.1 -2 282.2 -2 972.0 -3 115.8 -3 759.6 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 665.9 777.8 1 044.8 1 145.4 1 058.8 1 178.1 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 53.7 82.4 99.7 91.1 84.2 87.1 Transportation<br />

Viajes 212.5 482.3 561.5 619.6 620.7 776.4 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 399.7 213.1 383.6 434.7 353.9 314.6 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -694.9 -825.6 -927.9 -1 066.1 -1 126.3 -1 293.5 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -278.6 -421.7 -465.8 -522.9 -560.5 -632.0 Transportation<br />

Viajes -141.1 -181.8 -225.5 -275.6 -312.0 -390.6 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -275.2 -222.1 -236.6 -267.6 -253.8 -270.9 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -904.1 -1 707.9 -2 165.3 -2 892.7 -3 183.3 -3 875.0 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 46.6 214.5 317.5 161.1 179.1 173.4 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ 32.8 41.4 20.8 40.5 40.6 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 46.6 181.7 276.1 140.3 138.6 132.8 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) 11.9 49.8 53.6 57.9 80.9 72.0 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 34.7 131.9 222.5 82.4 57.7 60.8 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -205.7 -423.8 -401.9 -479.5 -496.8 -492.4 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ -16.5 -11.5 -6.3 -5.9 -3.1 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -205.7 -407.3 -390.4 -473.2 -490.9 -489.3 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -95.3 -224.1 -172.8 -227.1 -271.2 -239.1 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -110.4 -183.2 -217.6 -246.1 -219.7 -250.2 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -159.1 -209.3 -84.4 -318.4 -317.7 -319.0 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 508.2 908.3 1 024.3 2 077.7 2 558.9 3 048.6 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -17.0 -40.1 -27.5 -101.5 -97.0 -42.9 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 491.2 868.2 996.8 1 976.2 2 461.9 3 005.7 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a 61.6 86.7 93.4 124.2 133.8 135.3 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a 494.8 1 054.5 1 262.9 740.3 984.3 1 079.5 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 75.2 229.8 455.5 110.6 131.0 154.7 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -22.2 -36.3 -45.0 -38.3 18.0 111.1 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda -22.2 -36.3 -45.0 -38.3 18.0 111.1 Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 5.9 79.2 175.3 -107.8 289.0 238.0 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda 5.9 79.2 175.3 -107.8 289.0 238.0 Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 125.1 213.2 156.7 196.4 173.6 252.0 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos _ _ _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores 125.1 213.2 156.7 196.4 173.6 252.0 Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 310.8 568.6 520.4 579.4 372.7 323.7 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias -78.3 -24.4 -11.2 -11.1 -11.4 -68.1 Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general 11.8 92.9 44.8 172.7 7.9 79.4 General government<br />

Bancos 7.3 _ _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores 370.0 500.1 486.8 417.8 376.2 312.4 Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES -136.2 562.1 370.4 392.2 470.6 582.2 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL -151.8 654.4 473.8 21.8 549.6 608.7 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS 151.8 -654.4 -473.8 -21.8 -549.6 -608.7 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva 157.3 -654.4 -473.8 -21.8 -549.6 -608.7 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional -5.5 _ _ _ _ _ Exceptional financing<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


170 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.24 GUYANA<br />

GUYANA<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -134.8 -115.3 -133.8 -110.6 -90.6 -111.5 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 495.7 505.2 490.3 494.9 512.8 589.0 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -536.5 -585.4 -584.1 -563.1 -571.7 -646.9 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -40.8 -80.2 -93.8 -68.2 -58.9 -57.9 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 133.5 169.2 172.0 172.3 185.5 145.7 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 33.1 4.7 4.3 3.9 2.0 _ Transportation<br />

Viajes 32.6 75.1 60.5 49.3 38.9 _ Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 67.8 89.4 107.2 119.1 144.6 _ Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -171.8 -193.2 -192.4 -195.8 -205.4 -205.4 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -68.7 -8.0 -6.9 -6.1 -4.3 _ Transportation<br />

Viajes -21.1 -68.9 -55.1 -38.4 -31.2 _ Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -82.0 -116.3 -130.4 -151.3 -169.9 _ Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -79.2 -104.2 -114.2 -91.7 -78.8 -117.6 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 12.2 11.7 10.1 7.8 4.6 _ Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 12.2 11.7 10.1 7.8 4.6 _ Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ 11.7 10.1 7.8 4.6 _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 12.2 _ _ _ _ _ Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -129.9 -69.8 -73.7 -66.7 -56.7 _ Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados -9.0 -4.0 -5.2 -5.5 _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -120.9 -65.8 -68.5 -61.2 -56.7 _ Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ -6.0 -5.0 -3.9 -2.3 _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera -70.3 _ -7.0 -6.0 _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -50.6 -59.8 -56.5 -51.3 -54.4 _ Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -117.7 -58.1 -63.6 -58.9 -52.1 -40.2 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 67.4 100.8 98.1 128.7 143.7 _ Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -5.3 -53.8 -54.1 -88.7 -103.4 _ Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 62.1 47.0 44.0 40.0 40.3 46.3 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a 9.5 16.3 31.9 33.7 43.8 38.9 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a 71.1 114.6 101.9 89.5 40.0 37.9 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 74.4 67.1 56.0 43.6 26.1 _ Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ -3.4 9.7 17.8 -22.1 _ Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ -3.4 9.7 17.8 -22.1 _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 3.2 -1.5 -3.2 8.4 4.5 _ Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda 3.2 -1.5 -3.2 8.4 4.5 _ Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -8.9 66.1 65.8 45.3 43.3 _ Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -2.2 66.1 65.8 45.3 43.3 _ General government<br />

Bancos -2.8 _ _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -3.9 _ _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 2.3 -13.7 -26.4 -25.6 -11.8 _ Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias 18.6 _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -5.4 -23.7 -26.4 -25.6 -31.8 _ General government<br />

Bancos -0.4 _ _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -10.5 10.0 _ _ 20.0 _ Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES 11.2 24.6 26.2 2.1 16.6 -10.7 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL -43.0 40.2 26.2 14.7 9.8 -45.4 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS 43.0 -40.2 -26.2 -14.7 -9.8 45.4 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva 0.8 -24.0 -10.4 -5.9 -0.5 32.3 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) -9.7 -16.2 -15.8 -8.9 -9.3 _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional 52.0 _ _ _ _ 13.1 Exceptional financing<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 171<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.25 HAITÍ<br />

HAITI<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -87.1 -111.1 -133.9 -89.0 -44.9 -27.3 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 88.3 331.7 305.2 274.4 333.2 377.7 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -517.2 -1 086.7 -1 055.4 -980.4 -1 116.0 -1 182.8 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -428.9 -755.0 -750.2 -706.0 -782.9 -805.1 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 104.1 172.5 139.7 146.7 135.2 132.6 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 5.0 _ _ _ _ _ Transportation<br />

Viajes 90.2 128.0 105.0 112.0 _ _ Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 8.9 44.5 34.7 34.7 _ _ Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -284.5 -280.1 -263.4 -269.6 -301.0 -336.0 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -183.0 -245.0 -229.0 -229.6 _ _ Transportation<br />

Viajes -34.7 _ _ _ _ _ Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -66.8 -17.1 -16.5 -22.0 _ _ Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -609.3 -862.7 -874.0 -828.9 -948.6 -1 008.6 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) _ _ _ _ _ _ Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión _ _ _ _ _ _ Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -30.6 -9.2 -9.5 -13.7 -14.3 -11.9 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -30.6 -9.2 -9.5 -13.7 -14.3 _ Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -3.8 _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -26.9 -9.2 -9.5 -13.7 -14.3 -11.9 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -30.6 -9.2 -9.5 -13.7 -14.3 -11.9 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 552.9 771.7 768.6 775.7 948.0 1 032.2 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) _ -11.0 -19.0 -22.0 -30.0 -39.0 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 552.9 760.7 749.6 753.7 918.0 993.2 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a _ _ _ _ _ _ II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a 99.2 -2.9 85.4 -4.1 -48.5 13.7 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 7.4 13.3 4.4 5.7 13.8 5.9 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -11.2 -16.2 81.0 -9.8 -62.3 7.8 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ 26.3 3.9 -25.8 22.1 -14.2 General government<br />

Bancos -11.2 -55.1 14.9 3.4 -48.8 23.1 Banks<br />

Otros sectores _ 12.6 62.3 12.6 -35.6 -1.0 Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 103.1 _ _ _ _ _ Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general 112.5 _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos 0.4 _ _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -9.8 _ _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES 125.9 67.0 46.1 12.5 85.2 49.0 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL 138.1 -47.1 -2.4 -80.6 -8.2 35.4 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS -138.1 47.1 2.4 80.5 8.2 -35.4 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -175.6 57.1 -5.0 49.0 25.2 -50.0 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) -6.6 -15.5 -4.2 3.3 -14.9 -6.7 Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional 44.1 5.5 11.6 28.3 -2.1 21.3 Exceptional financing<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


172 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.26 HONDURAS<br />

HONDURAS<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -200.9 -275.8 -302.5 -240.6 -291.9 -391.1 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 1 377.2 2 011.6 1 935.5 1 977.1 2 094.3 2 411.2 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -1 518.6 -2 669.6 -2 769.4 -2 806.1 -3 059.0 -3 678.5 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -141.4 -658.0 -834.0 -829.0 -964.6 -1 267.3 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 257.6 478.9 487.3 530.2 598.4 654.6 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 56.4 47.5 53.7 54.3 64.5 71.7 Transportation<br />

Viajes 80.0 259.8 256.4 301.0 350.0 396.0 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 121.2 171.6 177.2 174.9 183.9 186.9 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -333.7 -597.5 -715.2 -717.4 -779.6 -878.6 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -196.7 -299.2 -357.3 -354.2 -363.2 -426.0 Transportation<br />

Viajes -57.0 -119.6 -127.6 -149.2 -200.0 -209.7 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -80.0 -178.7 -230.2 -214.0 -216.4 -242.8 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -217.5 -776.6 -1 061.8 -1 016.2 -1 145.8 -1 491.3 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 32.3 110.1 92.1 58.0 48.6 49.0 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 4.0 6.0 6.5 6.8 7.0 7.0 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 28.3 104.1 85.6 51.2 41.6 42.0 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera 28.3 1.7 _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) _ 102.4 85.6 51.2 41.6 42.0 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -258.2 -256.8 -262.0 -251.1 -300.6 -327.9 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -258.2 -256.8 -262.0 -251.1 -300.6 -327.9 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -40.0 -70.0 -105.2 -107.6 -169.2 -209.2 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera -218.2 _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) _ -186.8 -156.8 -143.5 -131.4 -118.7 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -225.9 -146.7 -169.9 -193.1 -252.0 -278.9 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 243.7 717.9 930.7 970.2 1 107.4 1 380.6 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -1.2 -70.4 -1.5 -1.5 -1.5 -1.5 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 242.5 647.6 929.2 968.7 1 105.9 1 379.1 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a _ 30.1 _ _ _ _ II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a 114.6 -29.5 188.6 241.9 60.0 730.6 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 50.0 282.0 193.0 175.5 247.2 293.0 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ -59.4 _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ -59.4 _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ -1.2 _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ -1.2 _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -12.8 -203.8 _ _ _ _ Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias 11.7 _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general 14.4 _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos -38.9 -97.9 _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores _ -105.9 _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 77.4 -47.1 -4.4 66.4 -187.2 437.6 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias -73.1 -32.4 _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general 101.7 10.5 _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos 6.3 -40.5 _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores 42.5 15.3 -4.4 66.4 -187.2 437.6 Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES 45.0 118.7 113.4 62.3 5.3 28.4 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL -41.3 -156.6 -0.5 63.6 -226.6 367.9 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS 41.3 156.6 0.5 -63.6 226.6 -367.9 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -90.3 -32.3 -147.2 -214.0 87.8 -504.3 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) -13.7 16.4 _ _ _ _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional 145.3 172.5 147.7 150.4 138.8 136.4 Exceptional financing<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 173<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.27 JAMAICA<br />

JAMAICA<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -98.9 -367.4 -758.8 -1 074.2 -761.4 -509.4 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 1 796.0 1 562.8 1 454.4 1 309.1 1 385.6 1 601.6 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -2 625.3 -3 004.3 -3 072.6 -3 179.6 -3 329.4 -3 546.1 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -829.3 -1 441.5 -1 618.2 -1 870.5 -1 943.8 -1 944.5 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 1 597.9 2 025.7 1 897.0 1 912.2 2 131.6 2 297.1 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 250.9 328.6 350.5 368.7 470.7 497.3 Transportation<br />

Viajes 1 068.8 1 332.6 1 232.2 1 208.7 1 355.1 1 438.0 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 278.2 364.5 314.3 334.8 305.8 361.8 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -1 103.8 -1 422.5 -1 513.9 -1 597.5 -1 566.9 -1 725.0 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -496.9 -585.2 -606.7 -614.3 -680.2 -647.6 Transportation<br />

Viajes -147.6 -208.7 -206.0 -258.4 -252.4 -286.5 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -459.3 -628.6 -701.2 -724.8 -634.3 -790.9 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -335.2 -838.3 -1 235.1 -1 555.8 -1 379.1 -1 372.4 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 146.6 193.1 218.2 221.0 217.6 269.6 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 56.8 88.2 106.7 111.0 110.1 135.5 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 89.8 104.9 111.5 110.0 107.5 134.1 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) 14.9 8.5 5.7 17.2 8.4 _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera 0.9 2.7 5.3 12.4 14.8 _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 74.0 93.7 100.5 80.4 84.3 _ Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -517.3 -543.0 -656.0 -826.3 -789.0 -852.3 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados -10.3 -20.8 -32.1 -28.9 -39.4 -51.0 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -507.0 -522.2 -623.9 -797.4 -749.6 -801.3 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -229.8 -289.9 -300.8 -434.3 -326.3 _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera -9.8 -7.6 -6.7 -9.0 -25.2 _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -267.4 -224.7 -316.4 -354.1 -398.1 _ Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -370.7 -349.9 -437.8 -605.3 -571.4 -582.7 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 669.6 969.4 1 090.7 1 337.9 1 523.5 1 892.1 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -62.6 -148.6 -176.6 -251.0 -334.4 -446.0 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 607.0 820.8 914.1 1 086.9 1 189.1 1 446.1 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a 10.5 2.2 -22.3 -16.9 0.1 2.2 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a 108.3 853.9 1 660.5 906.4 312.1 1 214.8 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero -66.3 -74.3 -89.0 -73.9 -116.3 -60.0 Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 147.4 468.3 613.9 481.1 720.7 601.6 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ -70.0 -39.3 -351.3 -1 105.2 _ Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ -70.0 -39.3 -351.3 -1 105.2 _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ 5.9 69.7 155.8 819.6 _ Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ 5.9 69.7 155.8 819.6 _ Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -148.8 -95.5 -215.5 -164.9 -308.8 _ Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos -199.2 -181.5 -282.9 -227.0 -362.8 _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores 50.4 86.0 67.4 62.1 54.0 _ Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 176.0 619.5 1 320.7 859.6 302.1 _ Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -97.0 383.6 653.4 77.1 -363.7 _ General government<br />

Bancos 74.7 167.9 250.5 158.0 395.5 _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores 198.3 68.0 416.8 624.5 270.3 _ Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES 7.1 29.7 -14.4 -55.1 14.1 -14.0 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL 27.0 518.4 865.0 -239.8 -435.1 693.6 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS -27.0 -518.4 -865.0 239.8 435.1 -693.6 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva 55.8 -499.4 -846.6 258.6 451.2 -685.6 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) -84.6 -19.0 -18.3 -18.9 -16.1 -8.0 Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional 1.9 _ _ _ _ _ Exceptional financing<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


174 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.28 MÉXICO<br />

MEXICO<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -1 576.4 -18 188.2 -17 643.3 -13 503.9 -8 615.5 -7 270.7 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 79 541.6 166 454.8 158 779.7 161 046.0 164 766.4 187 998.5 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -72 453.0 -174 457.8 -168 396.5 -168 678.9 -170 545.8 -196 809.6 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes 7 088.6 -8 003.0 -9 616.7 -7 632.9 -5 779.4 -8 811.1 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 9 779.5 13 712.3 12 660.3 12 691.6 12 532.9 13 912.7 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 1 164.4 1 369.3 1 282.1 1 142.5 1 112.6 1 361.9 Transportation<br />

Viajes 6 178.8 8 294.2 8 400.6 8 858.0 9 361.7 10 753.2 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 2 436.4 4 048.8 2 977.6 2 691.0 2 058.6 1 797.6 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -9 715.4 -16 035.7 -16 217.9 -16 739.7 -17 133.7 -18 561.9 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -3 423.6 -5 006.4 -6 748.5 -6 397.6 -6 423.2 -7 577.4 Transportation<br />

Viajes -3 170.5 -5 499.1 -5 701.9 -6 059.7 -6 253.3 -6 959.0 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -3 121.3 -5 530.2 -3 767.4 -4 282.5 -4 457.2 -4 025.5 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios 7 152.7 -10 326.4 -13 174.3 -11 681.0 -10 380.2 -13 460.3 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 3 713.2 6 090.7 5 366.5 4 098.6 3 941.8 5 140.8 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 695.4 1 023.2 1 291.8 1 263.3 1 599.0 2 929.5 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 3 017.8 5 067.5 4 074.7 2 835.3 2 342.8 2 211.3 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ 1 066.2 _ _ _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 3 017.8 4 001.3 4 074.7 2 835.3 2 342.8 2 211.3 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -16 402.3 -20 946.2 -19 173.5 -16 189.9 -16 035.3 -15 994.8 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -16 402.3 -20 946.2 -19 173.5 -16 189.9 -16 035.3 -15 994.8 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -4 259.0 -7 247.2 -5 504.4 -3 303.7 -3 357.5 -3 447.5 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera -4 224.0 _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -7 919.3 -13 699.0 -13 669.1 -12 886.2 -12 677.8 -12 547.2 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -12 689.1 -14 855.5 -13 807.0 -12 091.3 -12 093.5 -10 854.0 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 3 995.0 7 023.1 9 360.0 10 303.7 13 895.3 17 123.7 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -35.0 -29.4 -21.9 -35.2 -37.1 -80.0 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 3 959.9 6 993.7 9 338.0 10 268.5 13 858.1 17 043.6 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a 15.0 20.0 _ _ _ _ II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a -10 487.3 22 219.3 26 248.2 24 758.8 19 128.6 13 617.6 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero _ _ -4 404.0 -929.7 -1 784.1 -3 489.7 Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 9 526.3 16 075.3 27 735.1 17 121.4 12 750.6 17 909.7 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -662.2 1 289.8 3 856.6 1 133.8 90.8 1 717.9 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda -662.2 1 289.8 3 856.6 1 133.8 90.8 1 717.9 Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -9 714.7 -1 134.3 3 882.1 -632.0 3 863.9 6 126.4 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital 519.2 446.8 151.0 -103.6 -123.3 -2 522.2 Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda -10 233.9 -1 581.1 3 731.1 -528.4 3 987.2 8 648.6 Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -6 694.4 5 809.2 -3 287.2 11 600.6 8 626.9 -4 065.6 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -3 619.4 _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos -1 510.0 44.9 _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -1 565.0 5 764.3 _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -2 942.3 179.3 -1 534.4 -3 535.3 -4 419.4 -4 581.2 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias -788.0 _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general 209.5 -2 896.2 _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos -5 296.6 -883.0 _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores 2 932.8 3 958.5 _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES -4 262.8 3 075.1 -1 279.8 -4 165.3 -1 075.4 -2 288.7 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL -16 311.5 7 126.2 7 325.0 7 089.7 9 437.7 4 058.2 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS 16 311.5 -7 126.2 -7 325.0 -7 089.7 -9 437.7 -4 058.2 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -9 648.1 -2 861.7 -7 325.0 -7 089.7 -9 437.7 -4 058.2 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) 11 949.7 -4 288.4 _ _ _ _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional 14 010.0 23.9 _ _ _ _ Exceptional financing<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 175<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.29 NICARAGUA<br />

NICARAGUA<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -722.5 -791.9 -796.4 -767.3 -749.3 -731.9 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 545.0 880.6 894.7 916.8 1 049.6 1 362.9 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -929.5 -1 801.5 -1 804.3 -1 834.4 -2 021.3 -2 451.7 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -384.5 -920.9 -909.6 -917.6 -971.7 -1 088.8 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 116.6 221.3 223.1 225.5 257.6 289.7 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 15.7 30.2 24.9 30.6 33.0 36.6 Transportation<br />

Viajes 49.5 128.6 135.3 134.6 160.2 187.4 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 51.4 62.5 62.9 60.3 64.4 65.7 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -220.5 -343.4 -352.1 -337.2 -363.4 -399.3 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -81.1 -152.5 -168.5 -172.4 -184.6 -211.8 Transportation<br />

Viajes -40.0 -78.4 -76.0 -69.4 -75.0 -85.6 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -99.4 -112.5 -107.6 -95.4 -103.8 -101.9 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -488.4 -1 043.0 -1 038.6 -1 029.3 -1 077.5 -1 198.4 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 7.1 30.7 14.7 9.2 6.7 9.3 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 7.1 30.7 14.7 9.2 6.7 9.3 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 7.1 30.7 14.7 9.2 6.7 9.3 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -379.2 -232.5 -255.0 -209.6 -197.4 -201.6 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -379.2 -232.5 -255.0 -209.6 -197.4 -201.6 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -28.5 -69.4 -77.2 -71.4 -76.9 -80.0 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera 15.0 20.0 _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -365.7 -183.1 -177.8 -138.2 -120.5 -121.6 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -372.1 -201.8 -240.3 -200.4 -190.7 -192.3 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 138.0 452.9 482.5 462.4 518.9 658.8 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) _ _ _ _ _ _ Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 138.0 452.9 482.5 462.4 518.9 658.8 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a 227.0 308.9 294.7 248.2 286.0 307.4 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a -611.5 62.7 12.9 188.8 83.1 -1 099.9 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 88.9 266.9 150.2 203.9 201.3 185.6 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ _ _ _ _ -1.0 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -32.0 79.9 -22.6 2.9 -16.0 _ Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos -32.0 79.9 -22.6 2.9 -16.0 _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores _ _ _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -668.4 -284.1 -114.7 -18.0 -102.2 _ Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias -221.7 -39.4 -14.1 -28.7 -19.8 _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -381.2 -73.6 -81.9 -184.4 -186.1 _ General government<br />

Bancos 5.8 -19.2 38.4 -35.9 -10.7 _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -71.3 -151.9 -57.1 231.0 114.4 _ Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES 142.7 -35.5 -3.7 -70.7 -89.3 _ IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL -964.3 -455.8 -492.5 -401.0 -469.5 -1 524.4 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS 964.3 455.8 492.5 401.0 469.5 1 524.4 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva 11.5 16.8 113.9 -84.9 -68.7 -166.2 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) -12.9 20.9 -5.0 4.0 21.6 41.2 Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional 965.7 418.1 383.6 481.8 516.7 1 649.4 Exceptional financing<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


176 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.30 PANAMÁ<br />

PANAMA<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -470.6 -689.4 -173.5 -95.5 -437.2 -1 104.3 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 6 090.9 5 838.5 5 992.4 5 314.7 5 048.9 5 885.6 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -6 679.8 -6 981.4 -6 688.6 -6 349.8 -6 161.6 -7 470.9 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -588.9 -1 142.9 -696.2 -1 035.1 -1 112.7 -1 585.3 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 1 519.4 1 994.4 2 004.5 2 277.9 2 556.6 2 725.8 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 783.7 1 152.6 1 134.2 1 209.5 1 408.5 1 534.3 Transportation<br />

Viajes 309.4 457.8 485.9 513.0 584.6 651.0 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 426.3 384.0 384.4 555.4 563.5 540.5 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -1 087.8 -1 140.8 -1 105.5 -1 309.8 -1 302.5 -1 430.4 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -744.8 -607.5 -597.6 -617.2 -610.0 -754.0 Transportation<br />

Viajes -120.7 -188.4 -176.0 -178.8 -207.7 -238.9 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -222.3 -344.9 -331.9 -513.8 -484.8 -437.5 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -157.3 -289.3 202.8 -67.0 141.4 -289.9 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 1 644.1 1 575.3 1 384.0 953.2 769.5 786.0 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 95.7 _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 1 548.4 1 575.3 1 384.0 953.2 769.5 786.0 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera 141.1 241.0 282.5 335.5 315.9 348.2 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 1 407.3 1 334.3 1 101.5 617.7 453.6 437.8 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -2 110.0 -2 152.4 -1 986.4 -1 225.5 -1 589.4 -1 828.4 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -2 110.0 -2 152.4 -1 986.4 -1 225.5 -1 589.4 -1 828.4 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -396.4 -578.8 -580.9 -194.1 -711.5 -952.9 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera -31.9 -293.2 -349.1 -369.6 -401.4 -427.4 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -1 681.7 -1 280.4 -1 056.4 -661.8 -476.5 -448.1 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -465.9 -577.1 -602.4 -272.3 -819.9 -1 042.4 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 184.1 208.7 277.9 298.8 301.8 323.3 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -31.5 -31.7 -51.8 -55.0 -60.5 -95.3 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 152.6 177.0 226.1 243.8 241.3 228.0 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a 8.5 1.7 1.6 _ _ _ II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a 115.6 241.0 1 278.8 194.3 25.4 1 007.5 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 223.0 700.3 404.6 98.6 791.5 1 012.3 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 318.5 -100.2 -747.7 -11.9 -59.3 -605.2 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital 0.2 -0.6 -0.2 3.0 3.0 -1.7 Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda 318.3 -99.6 -747.5 -14.9 -62.3 -603.5 Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -0.3 163.7 727.1 102.2 139.6 775.9 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital 0.2 _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda -0.5 163.7 727.1 102.2 139.6 775.9 Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -371.3 329.3 875.9 3 270.4 464.1 -889.3 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ 5.2 _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -1.0 -4.0 -2.1 -0.9 10.4 1.5 General government<br />

Bancos -176.3 185.4 1 016.2 3 294.5 588.2 -652.7 Banks<br />

Otros sectores -194.0 142.7 -138.2 -23.2 -134.5 -238.1 Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -54.3 -852.1 18.9 -3 265.0 -1 310.5 713.8 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias 54.6 -6.4 3.7 -0.9 1.6 _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -36.1 -2.6 3.5 46.1 10.2 -37.0 General government<br />

Bancos -122.8 -425.5 -3.3 -3 311.7 -1 325.0 701.9 Banks<br />

Otros sectores 50.0 -417.6 15.0 1.5 2.7 48.9 Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES 15.2 370.2 -462.9 47.2 258.8 -298.6 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL -331.3 -76.5 644.0 146.0 -153.0 -395.4 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS 331.3 76.5 -644.0 -146.0 153.0 395.4 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -77.7 108.1 -633.3 -137.9 162.5 396.3 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) -25.9 -51.7 -33.6 -8.1 -9.5 -10.0 Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional 434.9 20.1 22.9 _ _ 9.1 Exceptional financing<br />

a a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.<br />

Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 177<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.31 PARAGUAY<br />

PARAGUAY<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -92.3 -162.8 -266.4 92.6 122.0 30.3 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 4 218.6 2 329.0 1 889.7 1 858.0 2 175.3 2 706.5 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -4 489.0 -2 866.1 -2 503.6 -2 137.9 -2 450.5 -3 116.3 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -270.4 -537.2 -613.9 -279.9 -275.2 -409.8 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 583.8 595.3 555.2 568.4 590.8 586.1 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 75.1 69.4 86.6 68.9 84.5 86.7 Transportation<br />

Viajes 137.3 72.9 69.2 62.2 63.6 67.0 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 371.4 453.0 399.4 437.3 442.7 432.4 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -710.7 -420.2 -390.0 -354.6 -354.1 -350.6 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -448.7 -236.5 -213.9 -179.1 -180.4 -170.3 Transportation<br />

Viajes -133.3 -80.6 -72.0 -64.8 -66.9 -71.4 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -128.7 -103.0 -104.1 -110.6 -106.8 -108.9 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -397.3 -362.0 -448.7 -66.1 -38.4 -174.3 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 272.6 260.5 255.9 195.7 166.3 185.7 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 151.9 126.3 123.8 102.8 112.6 128.0 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 120.7 134.2 132.1 92.9 53.7 57.7 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) 11.5 12.4 23.0 31.3 24.0 29.0 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ 0.2 _ 2.3 2.3 2.3 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 109.2 121.6 109.1 59.3 27.4 26.4 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -162.9 -238.1 -240.1 -152.9 -170.4 -175.3 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -162.9 -238.1 -240.1 -152.9 -170.4 -175.3 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -62.0 -84.3 -88.6 -39.4 -55.7 -65.3 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -100.9 -153.8 -151.6 -113.5 -114.7 -110.0 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta 109.7 22.4 15.8 42.8 -4.1 10.4 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 199.7 178.3 168.0 117.5 166.0 195.7 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -4.4 -1.5 -1.5 -1.6 -1.5 -1.5 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 195.3 176.8 166.5 115.9 164.5 194.2 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a 10.6 3.0 15.0 4.0 15.0 16.0 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a 232.6 64.0 148.2 48.0 175.7 94.4 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero -5.1 -5.7 -5.8 2.0 -5.5 -6.0 Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 103.2 104.1 84.2 10.0 35.4 69.9 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -0.8 2.0 0.7 _ _ _ Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ 1.4 0.2 _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda -0.8 0.6 0.5 _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ 0.5 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4 -0.1 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ 0.5 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4 -0.1 Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -58.5 -212.4 64.4 -16.1 212.5 22.4 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -43.1 -81.2 78.8 -77.7 -38.0 -27.3 General government<br />

Bancos -169.7 -69.3 68.2 122.5 -108.7 7.4 Banks<br />

Otros sectores 154.3 -61.9 -82.6 -60.9 359.2 42.3 Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 193.8 175.5 4.8 52.2 -66.3 8.3 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias -8.7 -3.2 -3.2 -4.4 -4.4 -4.3 Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general 101.6 90.4 41.9 23.0 53.1 5.4 General government<br />

Bancos 118.6 -8.9 -30.5 6.3 -23.9 18.9 Banks<br />

Otros sectores -17.8 97.2 -3.4 27.3 -91.1 -11.7 Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES -106.3 -248.3 53.3 -268.5 -81.8 127.5 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL 44.6 -344.1 -49.8 -123.9 230.9 268.3 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS -44.6 344.1 49.8 123.9 -230.9 -268.3 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -60.2 214.9 45.0 83.8 -301.3 -179.5 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional 15.6 129.2 4.8 40.1 70.4 -88.8 Exceptional financing<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


178 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.32 PERÚ<br />

PERU<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -4 624.5 -1 526.0 -1 144.4 -1 127.0 -934.7 -10.1 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 5 491.4 6 954.9 7 025.7 7 722.9 9 090.7 12 616.9 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -7 732.9 -7 365.9 -7 220.6 -7 416.9 -8 255.0 -9 824.2 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -2 241.5 -411.0 -194.9 305.9 835.8 2 792.8 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 1 131.1 1 528.9 1 455.0 1 543.7 1 695.3 1 913.9 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 338.2 243.4 256.8 285.1 309.4 380.7 Transportation<br />

Viajes 428.1 836.8 733.1 801.4 940.5 1 078.5 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 364.8 448.7 465.1 457.2 445.4 454.6 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -1 864.3 -2 233.6 -2 345.0 -2 529.5 -2 549.4 -2 756.4 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -905.0 -855.3 -914.2 -942.5 -921.6 -1 095.9 Transportation<br />

Viajes -297.0 -422.7 -545.5 -616.1 -598.4 -620.4 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -662.3 -955.6 -885.4 -970.9 -1 029.4 -1 040.1 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -2 974.7 -1 115.7 -1 084.9 -679.9 -18.3 1 950.2 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 574.1 736.8 670.4 336.7 322.0 331.6 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 15.0 _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 559.1 736.8 670.4 336.7 322.0 331.6 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 559.1 736.8 670.4 _ 322.0 331.6 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -3 056.0 -2 146.3 -1 771.4 -1 827.3 -2 465.8 -3 752.7 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 15.0 _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -3 071.0 -2 146.3 -1 771.4 -1 827.3 -2 465.8 -3 752.7 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -834.5 -344.2 -131.0 -478.9 -1 112.0 -2 303.6 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera -296.7 -33.9 -29.5 _ -7.9 -4.3 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -1 939.8 -1 802.1 -1 640.4 -1 348.4 -1 353.8 -1 449.1 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -2 481.8 -1 409.6 -1 101.0 -1 490.5 -2 143.8 -3 421.1 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 836.6 1 007.8 1 050.1 1 051.6 1 233.6 1 467.0 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -4.6 -8.6 -8.5 -8.3 -6.1 -6.2 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 832.0 999.3 1 041.6 1 043.4 1 227.5 1 460.8 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a 31.7 -251.2 -143.0 -106.8 -107.4 -109.1 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a 3 718.9 1 075.3 1 521.9 1 839.8 985.8 2 399.3 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero -8.0 _ -74.4 _ -60.0 _ Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 2 557.0 809.7 1 144.3 2 155.8 1 335.0 1 816.0 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -3.6 -481.4 -317.9 -316.0 -1 286.9 -424.8 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital 14.4 -478.4 -340.9 -387.7 -1 286.9 -425.8 Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda -18.0 -3.0 23.0 71.7 _ 1.0 Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 162.5 75.3 -54.0 1 724.3 1 210.5 1 244.4 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital 170.5 122.9 42.6 -9.1 0.6 -46.9 Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda -8.0 -47.6 -96.7 1 733.4 1 209.9 1 291.4 Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -274.0 250.8 669.6 3.9 330.0 77.0 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias -6.0 -31.3 -16.4 151.9 119.2 84.7 Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos -425.0 233.0 48.0 35.0 186.0 71.3 Banks<br />

Otros sectores 157.0 49.0 638.0 -183.0 24.8 -79.0 Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 1 285.0 421.0 154.3 -1 615.8 -542.8 -313.4 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias -23.0 24.1 -10.9 -3.6 -8.1 6.2 Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -213.0 666.1 582.1 -815.6 -331.1 -170.4 General government<br />

Bancos 704.0 -168.5 -499.0 -513.0 -84.4 52.9 Banks<br />

Otros sectores 817.0 -100.8 82.1 -283.6 -119.3 -202.0 Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES 283.6 560.3 188.9 341.6 580.8 136.5 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL -590.4 -141.6 423.4 947.5 524.6 2 416.6 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS 590.4 141.6 -423.4 -947.5 -524.6 -2 416.6 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -921.4 440.0 -275.0 -831.9 -516.0 -2 442.9 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) _ -240.5 -147.2 -129.2 -72.5 _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional 1 511.8 -57.9 -1.2 13.6 63.9 26.3 Exceptional financing<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 179<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.33 REPÚBLICA DOMINICANA<br />

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -182.8 -1 026.5 -740.8 -797.9 1 036.2 1 087.6 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 3 779.5 5 736.7 5 276.3 5 165.0 5 470.8 5 748.0 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -5 170.4 -9 478.5 -8 779.3 -8 837.7 -7 626.8 -7 844.3 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -1 390.9 -3 741.8 -3 503.0 -3 672.7 -2 156.0 -2 096.3 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 1 951.3 3 227.6 3 110.3 3 070.8 3 468.8 3 503.9 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 41.6 71.3 67.1 92.1 98.1 100.3 Transportation<br />

Viajes 1 570.8 2 860.2 2 798.3 2 730.4 3 127.8 3 151.6 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 338.9 296.1 244.9 248.3 242.9 252.0 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -966.4 -1 373.3 -1 283.9 -1 313.5 -1 219.4 -1 213.2 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -584.2 -828.0 -763.5 -764.2 -689.1 -650.3 Transportation<br />

Viajes -173.0 -309.0 -290.8 -295.3 -271.6 -309.8 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -209.2 -236.3 -229.6 -254.0 -258.7 -253.1 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -406.0 -1 887.5 -1 676.6 -1 915.4 93.4 194.4 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 128.1 299.7 271.2 300.4 340.7 336.3 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 44.7 149.8 173.9 234.7 264.9 271.0 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 83.4 149.9 97.3 65.7 75.8 65.3 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera 4.3 20.4 _ 9.3 _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 79.1 129.5 97.3 56.4 75.8 65.3 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -897.1 -1 341.0 -1 362.9 -1 452.2 -1 733.8 -1 970.6 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados -7.0 -19.3 -21.7 -22.5 -22.9 -23.9 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -890.1 -1 321.7 -1 341.2 -1 429.7 -1 710.9 -1 946.7 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -624.0 -1 068.3 -1 090.3 -1 153.4 -1 390.5 -1 525.3 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera -39.2 -47.6 -33.5 -73.9 -85.2 -116.6 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -226.9 -205.8 -217.4 -202.4 -235.2 -304.8 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -769.0 -1 041.3 -1 091.7 -1 151.8 -1 393.1 -1 634.3 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 1 007.7 2 095.6 2 232.0 2 451.9 2 512.2 2 701.4 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -15.5 -193.3 -204.5 -182.6 -176.3 -173.9 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 992.2 1 902.3 2 027.5 2 269.3 2 335.9 2 527.5 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a _ _ _ _ _ _ II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a 253.6 1 596.6 1 703.5 383.1 -16.4 249.2 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 414.3 952.9 1 079.1 916.8 613.0 758.4 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -2.9 268.4 123.5 -25.7 -19.7 -7.6 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ 270.6 128.2 _ -6.5 -2.2 Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda -2.9 -2.2 -4.7 _ -13.2 -5.4 Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ -3.9 480.2 _ 563.5 -19.8 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ -3.9 480.2 _ 563.5 -19.8 Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -263.1 -165.0 -155.4 _ -1 159.1 -416.0 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias -0.6 -1.2 -0.8 _ 1.8 -2.0 Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos -39.0 -64.4 -94.9 _ -136.6 -408.0 Banks<br />

Otros sectores -223.5 -99.4 -59.8 _ -1 024.3 -6.0 Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 105.3 544.2 176.0 -508.1 -14.1 -65.9 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias 27.1 72.0 -22.5 _ -223.7 -38.6 Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -18.8 119.1 119.3 _ 445.8 305.8 General government<br />

Bancos 32.1 234.2 -36.3 _ -97.6 -91.0 Banks<br />

Otros sectores 64.9 118.9 115.5 _ -138.5 -242.1 Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES 75.3 -618.5 -447.7 -139.9 -1 566.3 -790.5 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL 146.1 -48.4 515.0 -554.7 -546.5 546.2 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS -146.1 48.4 -515.0 554.7 546.5 -546.2 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -131.2 69.9 -518.5 526.5 358.0 -541.8 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) -34.0 _ _ -25.6 92.8 65.7 Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional 19.1 -21.5 3.5 53.8 95.7 -70.1 Exceptional financing<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


180 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.34 SAINT KITTS Y NEVIS<br />

SAINT KITTS AND NEVIS<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -45.5 -66.2 -105.9 -124.0 -115.8 -88.9 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 36.6 51.5 55.0 64.4 57.3 57.4 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -117.1 -172.7 -166.6 -177.6 -175.6 -175.4 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -80.6 -121.2 -111.6 -113.2 -118.3 -118.0 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 81.9 98.5 99.0 90.6 107.9 136.1 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 5.1 10.5 11.4 10.0 9.9 9.8 Transportation<br />

Viajes 63.0 58.4 61.9 56.1 75.3 103.4 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 13.8 29.5 25.7 24.4 22.6 22.9 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -55.1 -76.0 -74.9 -79.7 -80.2 -83.1 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -20.8 -31.6 -30.8 -31.9 -32.9 -34.7 Transportation<br />

Viajes -5.1 -8.8 -8.1 -7.6 -8.1 -9.7 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -29.2 -35.5 -36.1 -40.2 -39.2 -38.7 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -53.7 -98.7 -87.5 -102.3 -90.6 -65.0 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 6.8 5.5 4.7 5.5 5.7 7.6 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 0.1 1.0 0.9 0.4 0.3 0.2 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 6.7 4.6 3.7 5.1 5.4 7.3 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ _ _ 0.1 0.2 0.1 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera 2.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 4.2 4.0 3.2 4.5 4.9 6.9 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -17.7 -35.6 -39.2 -43.7 -49.4 -49.7 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados -0.9 -3.1 -3.6 -3.2 -3.6 -3.1 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -16.9 -32.6 -35.6 -40.5 -45.8 -46.6 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -14.4 -21.2 -23.4 -22.7 -23.0 -23.4 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ -1.5 -4.1 -5.9 -11.6 -13.1 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -2.5 -9.8 -8.1 -11.9 -11.3 -10.1 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -11.0 -30.1 -34.5 -38.2 -43.8 -42.2 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 23.3 69.9 26.6 28.3 30.0 31.1 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -4.1 -7.3 -10.6 -11.9 -11.4 -12.9 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 19.2 62.6 16.1 16.4 18.6 18.2 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a 7.3 6.0 10.3 14.6 5.2 5.4 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a 24.8 70.2 103.9 106.9 105.0 94.1 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero _ _ -0.1 _ _ _ Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 20.5 96.2 88.2 80.4 75.6 46.1 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 2.6 _ -1.1 _ _ -0.4 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 0.2 5.1 35.6 31.5 48.0 -9.5 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -3.7 -10.7 -7.7 0.6 -6.1 -22.4 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos _ _ _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -3.7 -10.7 -7.7 0.6 _ _ Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 5.3 -20.3 -11.0 -5.6 -12.6 80.2 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos _ _ _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores 5.3 -20.3 -11.0 -5.6 _ _ Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES 15.7 -14.4 3.3 12.2 4.7 3.1 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL 2.3 -4.4 11.6 9.7 -1.0 13.6 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS -2.3 4.4 -11.6 -9.7 1.0 -13.6 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -2.3 4.4 -11.6 -8.6 1.0 -13.6 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) _ _ _ -1.1 _ _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional _ _ _ _ _ _ Exceptional financing<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 181<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.35 SAN VICENTE Y LAS GRANADINAS<br />

SAINT VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -40.7 -23.9 -37.6 -41.5 -79.5 -102.5 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 61.9 51.8 42.8 41.2 40.1 39.3 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -119.4 -144.4 -152.0 -157.8 -176.8 -199.0 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -57.4 -92.6 -109.2 -116.5 -136.7 -159.7 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 74.4 127.7 133.2 137.1 132.8 145.2 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 5.3 10.5 9.5 9.4 9.4 10.8 Transportation<br />

Viajes 52.9 82.3 89.0 91.0 91.2 95.6 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 16.2 34.9 34.7 36.7 32.2 38.8 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -55.1 -56.1 -57.7 -56.5 -64.6 -73.2 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -19.7 -24.9 -25.7 -26.2 -29.5 -32.3 Transportation<br />

Viajes -6.5 -10.0 -11.5 -10.2 -12.6 -14.3 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -28.9 -21.3 -20.5 -20.1 -22.4 -26.7 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -38.2 -21.1 -33.7 -36.0 -68.5 -87.7 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 4.0 3.1 2.4 3.4 3.8 4.9 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.6 0.7 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 3.7 3.0 2.3 2.6 3.2 4.3 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.9 1.7 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 2.5 1.9 1.0 1.2 1.3 2.5 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -15.7 -22.3 -18.9 -21.0 -27.6 -33.8 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -15.7 -22.3 -18.9 -21.0 -27.6 -33.8 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -11.1 -12.7 -11.2 -15.1 -20.8 -24.9 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ _ _ _ -0.8 -1.1 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -4.6 -9.6 -7.7 -5.9 -6.1 -7.8 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -11.7 -19.2 -16.5 -17.6 -23.9 -28.9 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 16.8 24.7 23.2 23.7 24.3 25.1 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -7.6 -8.4 -10.6 -11.6 -11.4 -11.0 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 9.2 16.3 12.6 12.1 12.9 14.1 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a 5.9 5.6 8.8 10.6 14.4 18.9 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a 35.1 24.7 48.7 15.3 49.0 92.0 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 30.6 37.7 21.0 34.1 55.2 65.7 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ -0.5 0.2 -5.4 -1.0 -10.2 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ 2.0 3.3 6.4 21.7 43.4 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 2.1 -8.8 -10.7 -7.7 -17.5 -8.7 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos _ _ _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores 2.1 _ _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 2.4 -5.7 34.9 -12.0 -9.3 1.8 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos _ _ _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores 2.4 _ _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES -1.7 7.7 -10.8 8.9 15.7 16.9 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL -1.4 14.0 9.1 -6.6 -0.5 25.4 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS 1.4 -14.0 -9.1 6.6 0.5 -25.4 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva 1.4 -14.0 -9.1 6.6 0.5 -25.4 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional _ _ _ _ _ _ Exceptional financing<br />

a a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.<br />

Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.


182 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.36 SANTA LUCÍA<br />

SAINT LUCIA<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -33.1 -94.8 -106.9 -105.0 -146.2 -117.5 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 114.6 52.9 54.3 69.3 71.8 109.2 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -269.4 -312.5 -272.1 -271.9 -354.5 -384.7 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -154.7 -259.6 -217.8 -202.6 -282.7 -275.5 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 265.0 324.0 273.5 249.9 318.3 367.1 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 14.2 13.3 12.5 11.5 12.3 15.3 Transportation<br />

Viajes 229.5 280.5 233.0 210.0 282.1 325.7 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 21.4 30.2 28.0 28.3 24.0 26.2 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -123.5 -133.5 -130.6 -129.1 -144.9 -152.7 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -42.3 -53.2 -53.9 -50.0 -63.0 -68.3 Transportation<br />

Viajes -25.3 -33.3 -31.8 -33.7 -35.7 -36.8 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -56.0 -47.0 -45.0 -45.4 -46.2 -47.6 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -13.2 -69.1 -74.9 -81.7 -109.3 -61.1 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 5.8 3.7 2.6 3.6 4.8 6.2 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 0.2 _ 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 5.5 3.6 2.6 3.5 4.8 6.1 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera 2.4 1.3 1.2 2.2 2.8 4.2 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 3.1 2.4 1.3 1.3 1.9 1.8 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -44.5 -48.3 -49.0 -38.9 -54.7 -76.5 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -44.5 -48.3 -49.0 -38.9 -54.7 -76.5 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -35.3 -33.4 -31.1 -22.6 -31.9 -48.9 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ -1.1 -2.5 -3.2 -7.7 -9.8 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -9.2 -13.9 -15.4 -13.1 -15.1 -17.9 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -38.8 -44.6 -46.3 -35.3 -49.8 -70.4 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 28.4 28.9 28.9 28.4 28.8 29.9 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -9.5 -10.1 -14.6 -16.3 -16.0 -16.0 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 18.9 18.9 14.3 12.1 12.9 13.9 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a 13.2 14.2 25.5 19.7 17.1 12.4 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a 27.6 86.2 86.6 89.2 135.2 126.2 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 32.8 53.7 58.8 51.9 106.4 79.7 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -0.5 -0.6 -4.3 -16.5 1.0 0.9 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 0.7 29.0 16.0 33.4 61.8 15.4 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -15.3 -15.0 -12.4 -4.2 -6.2 -29.6 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos _ _ _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -15.3 _ _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 10.0 19.0 28.5 24.6 -27.8 59.8 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos _ _ _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores 10.0 _ _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES -2.0 7.9 7.5 1.8 12.2 5.7 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL 5.7 13.4 12.6 5.8 18.3 26.8 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS -5.7 -13.4 -12.6 -5.8 -18.3 -26.8 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -5.7 -13.4 -12.6 -5.8 -18.3 -26.8 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional _ _ _ _ _ _ Exceptional financing<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 183<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.37 SURINAME<br />

SURINAME<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE 73.4 32.3 -83.6 -131.0 -148.2 -138.4 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 415.6 399.1 437.0 369.3 487.3 634.2 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -292.6 -246.1 -297.2 -321.9 -448.1 -592.8 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes 123.0 153.0 139.8 47.4 39.2 41.4 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 104.1 90.9 59.4 38.5 59.5 141.3 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 41.4 37.1 19.0 23.2 26.2 _ Transportation<br />

Viajes 21.2 15.8 14.4 3.4 3.8 _ Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 41.5 38.0 26.0 11.9 29.1 _ Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -161.4 -215.5 -174.3 -166.1 -192.1 -271.0 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -77.8 -88.7 -63.8 -72.3 -109.7 _ Transportation<br />

Viajes -3.4 -22.9 -23.4 -9.9 -5.6 _ Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -80.2 -103.9 -87.1 -83.9 -79.3 _ Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios 65.7 28.4 24.9 -80.2 -93.4 -88.3 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 2.7 13.2 5.4 8.4 11.5 15.6 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ _ _ 2.2 2.3 _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 2.7 13.2 5.4 6.2 9.4 _ Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 2.7 13.2 5.4 6.2 9.4 _ Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -5.3 -7.2 -113.0 -50.7 -60.6 -78.5 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados -1.2 -1.1 -1.2 -1.2 -4.9 _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -4.1 -6.1 -111.8 -49.5 -55.3 _ Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -4.1 -6.1 -111.8 -49.5 -55.3 _ Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -2.6 6.0 -107.6 -42.3 -49.1 -62.9 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 12.6 1.2 2.1 12.9 43.7 75.8 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -2.3 -3.3 -3.0 -21.4 -49.4 -63.0 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 10.3 -2.1 -0.9 -8.5 -5.7 12.8 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a 22.1 2.3 1.5 5.9 9.0 7.5 II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a -29.5 -139.1 104.1 -38.1 -36.5 161.3 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante -20.6 -148.0 -26.8 -73.6 -76.1 -76.1 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 3.2 24.6 40.7 23.9 46.9 _ Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos -10.0 _ _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores 13.2 24.6 40.7 23.9 46.9 _ Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -12.1 -15.7 90.2 11.6 -7.3 _ Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ 1.6 -0.9 4.3 _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general 4.2 -21.4 50.7 -30.8 -23.0 _ General government<br />

Bancos -10.1 _ -0.8 6.4 -9.1 _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -6.2 5.7 38.7 36.9 20.5 _ Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES 56.6 114.3 56.1 144.1 182.9 -6.7 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL 122.6 9.8 78.1 -19.1 7.2 23.7 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS -122.6 -9.8 -78.1 19.1 -7.2 -23.7 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -122.6 -9.8 -78.1 19.1 -7.2 -23.7 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional _ _ _ _ _ _ Exceptional financing<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


184 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.38 TRINIDAD Y TABAGO<br />

TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE 293.8 544.3 416.0 76.4 984.7 1 622.5 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 2 456.1 4 290.3 4 304.2 3 920.0 5 204.9 6 402.9 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -1 868.5 -3 321.5 -3 586.1 -3 682.3 -3 911.7 -4 894.2 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes 587.7 968.8 718.1 237.7 1 293.2 1 508.7 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 342.6 553.8 573.8 637.0 684.9 932.0 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 193.8 207.6 207.3 202.5 246.3 307.8 Transportation<br />

Viajes 77.4 212.8 200.9 242.0 248.7 419.3 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 71.4 133.4 165.6 192.5 190.0 204.9 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -241.9 -387.7 -370.0 -373.0 -371.1 -420.4 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -94.2 -173.2 -116.6 -117.4 -161.3 -62.9 Transportation<br />

Viajes -69.3 -147.1 -151.0 -186.3 -107.1 -87.0 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -78.4 -67.4 -102.4 -69.3 -102.7 -270.5 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios 688.4 1 134.9 921.9 501.7 1 607.0 2 020.3 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 76.6 80.9 108.7 63.7 78.2 58.4 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 76.6 80.9 108.7 63.7 78.2 58.4 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 76.6 80.9 108.7 63.7 _ _ Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -466.7 -709.4 -648.0 -543.5 -759.1 -508.8 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados -1.3 _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -465.4 -709.4 -648.0 -543.5 -759.1 -508.8 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -186.8 _ _ -164.6 _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -278.6 -709.4 -648.0 -378.9 _ _ Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -390.1 -628.5 -539.3 -479.8 -680.9 -450.4 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 34.0 63.9 64.0 96.2 100.9 98.5 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -38.5 -26.0 -30.6 -41.7 -42.3 -44.3 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias -4.5 37.9 33.4 54.5 58.6 52.6 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a -11.9 _ _ _ _ _ II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a -214.7 173.7 321.5 397.3 -505.7 -1 361.6 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero _ -25.2 -150.0 -106.4 _ _ Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 298.9 679.5 834.9 790.7 583.1 600.0 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -7.9 _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital -7.9 _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 16.7 -30.0 -206.2 -70.1 -14.9 _ Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital 16.7 _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ -30.0 -206.2 -70.1 _ _ Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -57.3 397.7 285.0 275.2 _ _ Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ 383.6 26.5 17.8 _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general 32.4 2.8 _ 1.3 _ _ General government<br />

Bancos -23.7 _ 257.1 256.1 _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -66.0 11.3 1.4 _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -465.1 -848.3 -442.2 -492.1 _ _ Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ -268.7 -61.2 _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -116.8 -63.8 -14.7 _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos -51.3 -86.1 _ -335.4 _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -297.0 -429.7 -366.3 -156.7 _ _ Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES 16.5 -276.9 -235.3 -358.0 -144.8 473.1 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL 83.7 441.1 502.2 115.7 334.2 734.0 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS -83.7 -441.1 -502.2 -115.7 -334.2 -734.0 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -40.1 -441.1 -502.2 -115.7 -334.2 -734.0 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) -43.6 _ _ _ _ _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional _ _ _ _ _ _ Exceptional financing<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 185<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.39 URUGUAY<br />

URUGUAY<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE -212.5 -566.3 -497.6 381.9 -58.5 -104.6 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 2 147.6 2 383.8 2 139.5 1 922.1 2 281.1 3 025.0 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -2 710.6 -3 311.1 -2 914.8 -1 873.8 -2 097.8 -2 990.3 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes -563.0 -927.3 -775.3 48.3 183.4 34.8 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 1 359.2 1 275.8 1 122.5 771.3 803.0 987.2 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 399.3 374.3 312.4 265.1 258.9 334.3 Transportation<br />

Viajes 610.9 712.8 610.5 350.9 344.7 493.9 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 349.0 188.7 199.6 155.3 199.4 159.0 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -857.7 -881.6 -806.7 -618.1 -636.3 -684.8 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -376.4 -399.5 -354.9 -259.8 -264.6 -293.5 Transportation<br />

Viajes -236.0 -281.4 -257.0 -177.6 -168.8 -193.6 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -245.3 -200.7 -194.8 -180.7 -202.9 -197.7 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios -61.5 -533.1 -459.5 201.5 350.0 337.2 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 404.3 781.5 832.8 453.1 241.9 367.8 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 404.3 781.5 832.8 453.1 241.9 367.8 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) 0.8 1.3 _ _ _ _ Direct investment income<br />

De cartera _ _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 403.5 780.2 832.8 453.1 241.9 367.8 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -631.3 -842.2 -900.7 -344.4 -732.8 -898.3 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados _ _ _ _ _ _ Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -631.3 -842.2 -900.7 -344.4 -732.8 -898.3 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -53.7 -89.3 -102.4 315.3 -110.9 -130.4 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera -129.5 _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -448.1 -752.9 -798.3 -659.7 -621.9 -767.8 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -227.0 -60.7 -67.8 108.6 -490.9 -530.5 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 84.0 48.0 48.0 83.7 94.8 97.4 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -8.0 -20.5 -18.3 -11.9 -12.3 -8.7 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 76.0 27.5 29.7 71.8 82.5 88.7 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a _ _ _ _ _ _ II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a 421.7 816.4 539.1 -1 880.2 79.5 -8.0 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero _ 0.6 -6.2 -13.7 -15.1 -11.2 Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 156.6 273.5 296.8 193.7 416.4 310.7 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera _ 191.4 507.7 328.6 -311.0 -375.7 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda _ _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera 288.8 _ _ _ _ _ Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital _ _ _ _ _ _ Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda 288.8 _ _ _ _ _ Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -961.9 -690.3 -2 275.3 1 781.3 -1 254.9 -408.8 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general _ _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos -961.3 _ _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -0.6 _ _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión 938.2 1 041.1 2 016.0 -4 170.0 1 244.1 476.9 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias -62.5 _ _ _ _ _ Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general 18.6 _ _ _ _ _ General government<br />

Bancos 1 017.9 _ _ _ _ _ Banks<br />

Otros sectores -35.8 _ _ _ _ _ Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES 18.6 17.0 285.0 -2 429.6 1 012.4 455.0 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL 227.8 267.0 326.5 -3 927.8 1 033.4 342.4 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS -227.8 -267.0 -326.5 3 927.8 -1 033.4 -342.4 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva -218.0 -222.3 -277.5 2 328.0 -1 380.2 -454.3 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) -9.8 -44.7 -49.0 1 599.8 346.8 111.9 Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional _ _ _ _ _ _ Exceptional financing<br />

a Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.<br />

a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.


186 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.1 BALANZA DE PAGOS / BALANCE OF PAYMENTS<br />

2.2.1.40 VENEZUELA (REPÚBLICA BOLIVARIANA DE)<br />

VENEZUELA (BOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OF)<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

I. BALANCE EN CUENTA CORRIENTE 2 014.0 11 853.0 1 987.0 7 599.0 11 448.0 13 830.0 I. BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB 19 082.0 33 529.0 26 667.0 26 781.0 27 170.0 38 748.0 Exports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes FOB -12 069.0 -16 865.0 -19 207.0 -13 360.0 -10 687.0 -17 318.0 Imports of goods, f.o.b.<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes 7 013.0 16 664.0 7 460.0 13 421.0 16 483.0 21 430.0 Balance on goods<br />

Servicios (crédito) 1 671.0 1 182.0 1 376.0 1 060.0 878.0 1 098.0 Services: credit<br />

Transportes 584.0 374.0 386.0 346.0 307.0 354.0 Transportation<br />

Viajes 849.0 423.0 615.0 439.0 331.0 477.0 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios 238.0 385.0 375.0 275.0 240.0 267.0 Other services<br />

Servicios (débito) -4 836.0 -4 435.0 -4 681.0 -3 969.0 -3 522.0 -4 724.0 Services: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Transportes -1 430.0 -1 808.0 -1 967.0 -1 597.1 -1 268.0 -1 798.0 Transportation<br />

Viajes -1 714.0 -1 058.0 -1 108.0 -1 010.8 -859.0 -1 076.0 Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

Otros servicios -1 692.0 -1 569.0 -1 606.0 -1 361.1 -1 395.0 -1 850.0 Other services<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios 3 848.0 13 411.0 4 155.0 10 512.0 13 839.0 17 804.0 Balance on goods and services<br />

Renta (crédito) 1 867.0 3 049.0 2 603.0 1 587.0 1 729.0 1 564.0 Income: credit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados 2.0 17.0 19.0 19.0 21.0 20.0 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión 1 865.0 3 032.0 2 584.0 1 568.0 1 708.0 1 544.0 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) 265.0 296.0 767.0 286.0 791.0 236.0 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera 513.0 666.0 454.0 439.0 332.0 375.0 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses recibidos) 1 087.0 2 070.0 1 363.0 843.0 585.0 933.0 Other investment income<br />

Renta (débito) -3 810.0 -4 437.0 -4 623.0 -4 343.0 -4 140.0 -5 449.0 Income: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> empleados -30.0 -29.0 -27.0 -24.6 -30.0 -28.0 Employees compensation<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión -3 780.0 -4 408.0 -4 596.0 -4 318.4 -4 110.0 -5 421.0 Investment income<br />

Directa (utilida<strong>de</strong>s y divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) -431.0 -1 424.0 -1 884.0 -1 959.0 -1 891.0 -3 261.0 Direct investment income<br />

De cartera -1 822.0 -1 788.0 -1 808.0 -1 649.7 -1 678.0 -1 686.0 Portfolio investment income<br />

Otra inversión (intereses pagados) -1 527.0 -1 196.0 -904.0 -709.7 -541.0 -474.0 Other investment income<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> renta -1 943.0 -1 388.0 -2 020.0 -2 756.0 -2 411.0 -3 885.0 Balance on income<br />

Transferencias corrientes (crédito) 413.0 261.0 356.0 285.0 257.0 180.0 Current transfers: credit<br />

Transferencias corrientes (débito) -304.0 -431.0 -504.0 -442.0 -237.0 -269.0 Current transfers: <strong>de</strong>bit<br />

Balance <strong>de</strong> transferencias 109.0 -170.0 -148.0 -157.0 20.0 -89.0 Balance on transfers<br />

II. BALANCE EN CUENTA DE CAPITAL a _ _ _ _ _ _ II. BALANCE ON CAPITAL ACCOUNT a<br />

III. BALANCE EN CUENTA FINANCIERA a -2 964.0 -2 969.0 -211.0 -9 243.0 -4 953.0 -8 971.0 III. BALANCE ON FINANCIAL ACCOUNT a<br />

Inversión directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero -91.0 -521.0 -204.0 -1 026.0 -1 318.0 348.0 Direct investment abroad<br />

Inversión directa en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante 985.0 4 701.0 3 683.0 782.0 2 659.0 1 518.0 Direct investment in reporting economy<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -14.0 -954.0 397.0 -1 354.0 -812.0 -1 090.0 Portfolio investment assets<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital -3.0 13.0 138.0 -164.0 -222.0 5.0 Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda -11.0 -967.0 259.0 -1 190.0 -590.0 -1 095.0 Debt securities<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera -787.0 -2 180.0 710.0 -956.0 -143.0 -853.0 Portfolio investment liabilities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital 270.0 -574.0 31.0 -5.0 97.0 -170.0 Equity securities<br />

Títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda -1 057.0 -1 606.0 679.0 -951.0 -240.0 -683.0 Debt securities<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -661.0 -4 839.0 -3 919.0 -7 169.0 -4 328.0 -8 004.0 Other investment assets<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias _ 18.0 42.0 _ 11.0 13.0 Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general 240.0 -228.0 -1 016.0 _ -718.0 -1 047.0 General government<br />

Bancos 216.0 -50.0 267.0 _ 46.0 15.0 Banks<br />

Otros sectores -1 117.0 -4 579.0 -3 212.0 -7 169.0 -3 667.0 -6 985.0 Other sectors<br />

Pasivos <strong>de</strong> otra inversión -2 396.0 824.0 -878.0 480.0 -1 011.0 -890.0 Other investment liabilities<br />

Autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias -317.0 8.0 18.0 _ 8.0 -5.0 Monetary authorities<br />

Gobierno general -262.0 36.0 -1.0 _ 298.0 -605.0 General government<br />

Bancos 52.0 197.0 122.0 _ -141.0 1.0 Banks<br />

Otros sectores -1 869.0 583.0 -1 017.0 480.0 -1 176.0 -281.0 Other sectors<br />

IV. ERRORES Y OMISIONES -494.2 -2 926.2 -3 607.0 -2 783.0 -1 052.0 -2 961.0 IV. ERRORS AND OMISSIONS<br />

V. BALANCE GLOBAL -1 444.2 5 957.8 -1 831.0 -4 427.0 5 443.0 1 898.0 V. GLOBAL BALANCE<br />

VI. RESERVAS Y PARTIDAS CONEXAS 1 444.2 -5 957.8 1 831.0 4 427.0 -5 443.0 -1 898.0 VI. RESERVES AND RELATED ITEMS<br />

Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva 1 907.2 -5 449.4 2 028.0 4 427.0 -5 454.0 -2 153.0 Reserve assets<br />

F.M.I. (uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos) -463.0 -508.4 -197.0 _ _ _ Use of IMF credit and loans<br />

Financiamiento excepcional _ _ _ _ 11.0 255.0 Exceptional financing<br />

a a Excluidos los componentes que se han clasifi cado en las categorías <strong>de</strong>l grupo VI.<br />

Exclu<strong>de</strong>s components that have been classifi ed in the categories of Group VI.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 187<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.1 EXPORTACIONES DE PRODUCTOS PRIMARIOS SEGÚN SU PARTICIPACIÓN EN EL TOTAL<br />

EXPORTS OF PRIMARY PRODUCTS AS PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL EXPORTS<br />

(Porcentajes <strong>de</strong>l valor total <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones FOB <strong>de</strong> bienes / Percentages of the total value of f.o.b. exports of goods)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 66.1 67.6 67.4 69.5 72.2 71.3 Argentina<br />

Barbados 41.2 48.3 49.4 50.4 58.1 a 44.4 a Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 89.1 88.7 99.4 99.3 82.8 a ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 83.5 72.3 79.4 84.2 83.9 86.6 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 46.9 42.0 46.0 47.4 48.5 47.0 Brazil<br />

Chile 86.8 84.0 82.2 83.2 83.8 86.8 Chile<br />

Colombia 65.8 65.9 60.6 62.2 65.7 63.0 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 74.9 34.5 37.6 36.7 34.6 ... Costa Rica<br />

Ecuador 92.4 89.9 88.1 89.7 88.0 90.7 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 61.2 51.6 45.1 41.6 42.9 40.0 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 72.3 68.0 61.8 65.0 59.7 58.2 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... 83.0 78.3 73.6 ... Guyana<br />

Haití 37.9 ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras 77.2 77.9 73.0 75.4 73.9 ... Honduras<br />

Jamaica 28.8 27.2 32.4 36.0 ... ... Jamaica<br />

México b 22.5 16.5 14.9 15.7 18.6 20.2 Mexico b<br />

Nicaragua 79.7 92.5 88.2 81.7 88.2 89.4 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 79.7 84.1 86.9 88.0 88.9 90.0 Panama<br />

Paraguay 80.7 80.7 83.7 85.1 86.3 87.3 Paraguay<br />

Perú 86.5 83.1 81.4 83.0 83.0 83.1 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 22.3 59.3 65.8 ... ... ... Dominican Republic<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 57.9 71.2 54.3 66.9 64.1 a ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 61.3 58.5 58.4 63.7 66.3 68.4 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 85.8 90.9 88.8 86.2 87.3 86.9 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

Total 50.1 41.8 40.9 41.2 44.4 46.3 Total<br />

ALADI c 49.5 40.9 40.1 40.5 43.8 46.0 LAIA c<br />

Comunidad Andina d 81.4 83.7 80.6 80.3 81.4 81.1 An<strong>de</strong>an Community d<br />

Mercosur e 53.5 50.8 53.2 54.5 56.0 54.1 MERCOSUR e<br />

Mercosur, Bolivia y Chile f 59.9 56.9 58.6 59.6 60.7 60.5 MERCOSUR, Bolivia and Chile f<br />

MCCA g 73.1 52.5 51.4 50.2 47.7 57.4 CACM g<br />

Otros países h 41.7 63.6 56.3 64.4 67.4 81.1 Other countries h<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s re-exports.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

c Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay,<br />

Peru and Uruguay.<br />

d Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.<br />

e Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

f Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

g Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.<br />

h Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominican Republic, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Panama and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Incluye las re-exportaciones.<br />

b Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

c Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, México, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong><br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a y Uruguay.<br />

d Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a.<br />

e Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

f Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

g Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua.<br />

h Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Guyana, Haití, Jamaica, Panamá, República Dominicana y Trinidad y Tabago.


188 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.2 EXPORTACIONES DE PRODUCTOS MANUFACTURADOS SEGÚN SU PARTICIPACIÓN EN EL TOTAL<br />

EXPORTS OF MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS AS PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL EXPORTS<br />

(Porcentajes <strong>de</strong>l valor total <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones FOB <strong>de</strong> bienes / Percentages of the total value of f.o.b. exports of goods)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 33.9 32.4 32.6 30.5 27.8 28.7 Argentina<br />

Barbados 58.8 51.7 50.6 49.6 41.9 a 55.6 a Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 10.9 11.3 0.6 0.7 17.2 a ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 16.5 27.7 20.6 15.8 16.1 13.4 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 53.1 58.0 54.0 52.6 51.5 53.0 Brazil<br />

Chile 13.2 16.0 17.8 16.8 16.2 13.2 Chile<br />

Colombia 34.2 34.1 39.4 37.8 34.3 37.0 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 25.1 65.5 62.4 63.3 65.4 ... Costa Rica<br />

Ecuador 7.6 10.1 11.9 10.3 12.0 9.3 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 38.8 48.4 54.9 58.4 57.1 60.0 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 27.7 32.0 38.2 35.0 40.3 41.8 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... 17.0 21.7 26.4 ... Guyana<br />

Haití 62.1 ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras 22.8 22.1 27.0 24.6 26.1 ... Honduras<br />

Jamaica 71.2 72.8 67.6 64.0 ... ... Jamaica<br />

México b 77.5 83.5 85.1 84.3 81.4 79.8 Mexico b<br />

Nicaragua 20.3 7.5 11.8 18.3 11.8 10.6 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 20.3 15.9 13.1 12.0 11.1 10.0 Panama<br />

Paraguay 19.3 19.3 16.3 14.9 13.7 12.7 Paraguay<br />

Perú 13.5 16.9 18.6 17.0 17.0 16.9 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 77.7 40.7 34.2 ... ... ... Dominican Republic<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 42.1 28.8 45.7 33.1 35.9 a ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 38.7 41.5 41.6 36.3 33.7 31.6 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 14.2 9.1 11.2 13.8 12.7 13.1 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

Total 49.9 58.2 59.1 58.8 55.6 53.7 Total<br />

ALADI c 50.5 59.1 59.9 59.5 56.2 54.0 LAIA c<br />

Comunidad Andina d 18.6 16.3 19.4 19.7 18.6 18.9 An<strong>de</strong>an Community d<br />

Mercosur e 46.5 49.2 46.8 45.5 44.0 45.9 MERCOSUR e<br />

Mercosur, Bolivia y Chile f 40.1 43.1 41.4 40.4 39.3 39.5 MERCOSUR, Bolivia and Chile f<br />

MCCA g 26.9 47.5 48.6 49.8 52.3 42.6 CACM g<br />

Otros países h 58.3 36.4 43.7 35.6 32.6 18.9 Other countries h<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s re-exports.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

c Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay,<br />

Peru and Uruguay.<br />

d Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.<br />

e Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

f Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

g Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.<br />

h Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominican Republic, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Panama and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Incluye las re-exportaciones.<br />

b Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

c Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, México, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong><br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a y Uruguay.<br />

d Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a.<br />

e Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

f Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

g Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua.<br />

h Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Guyana, Haití, Jamaica, Panamá, República Dominicana y Trinidad y Tabago.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 189<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.3 EXPORTACIONES TOTALES FOB POR GRUPO DE PRODUCTO: PRODUCTOS PRIMARIOS<br />

TOTAL EXPORTS f.o.b., BY PRODUCT GROUP: PRIMARY PRODUCTS<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 13 863.7 17 817.8 17 887.2 17 817.8 21 612.2 24 623.8 Argentina<br />

Barbados 69.4 91.8 87.1 81.2 194.6 a 96.2 a Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 127.4 164.5 180.9 163.3 177.9 a ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 986.2 1 066.7 1 073.9 1 154.8 1 406.8 1 952.3 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 21 802.2 23 127.8 26 807.9 28 630.1 35 428.2 45 301.1 Brazil<br />

Chile 13 807.2 15 304.1 15 413.1 14 495.0 16 833.2 26 802.7 Chile<br />

Colombia 6 708.3 8 648.3 7 459.8 7 402.2 8 597.5 10 533.3 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 2 024.8 1 892.0 1 773.1 1 816.6 2 005.2 ... Costa Rica<br />

Ecuador 4 028.2 4 427.5 4 095.3 4 520.3 5 475.5 7 032.2 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 602.8 691.5 547.9 512.7 538.4 590.2 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 1 390.6 1 834.5 1 489.7 1 447.4 1 571.6 1 705.2 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... 312.0 264.4 279.2 ... Guyana<br />

Haití 13.3 ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras 941.7 1 029.5 957.3 725.0 733.8 ... Honduras<br />

Jamaica 396.4 344.4 388.2 390.5 ... ... Jamaica<br />

México b 17 901.4 27 452.1 23 575.4 25 290.9 30 759.0 38 187.4 Mexico b<br />

Nicaragua 405.6 581.9 469.2 518.5 533.9 650.4 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 456.2 648.4 701.7 662.6 709.8 801.6 Panama<br />

Paraguay 742.3 703.2 828.4 808.8 1 071.6 1 419.6 Paraguay<br />

Perú 4 702.7 5 704.6 5 554.4 6 217.0 7 264.9 10 043.6 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 569.2 531.1 535.5 ... ... ... Dominican Republic<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 1 392.9 3 041.6 2 776.5 2 576.0 3 439.1 a ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 1 291.3 1 345.1 1 201.5 1 184.9 1 461.6 1 996.5 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 16 224.2 28 125.9 22 481.2 20 677.5 21 805.1 29 210.1 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

Total 110 448.0 144 574.3 136 597.2 137 357.5 161 899.1 200 946.2 Total<br />

ALADI c 102 057.7 133 723.1 126 378.1 128 199.3 151 715.6 197 102.6 LAIA c<br />

Comunidad Andina d 32 649.6 47 973.0 40 664.6 39 971.8 44 549.8 58 771.5 An<strong>de</strong>an Community d<br />

Mercosur e 37 699.5 42 993.9 46 725.0 48 441.6 59 573.6 73 341.0 MERCOSUR e<br />

Mercosur, Bolivia y Chile f 52 492.9 59 364.7 63 212.0 64 091.4 77 813.6 102 096.0 MERCOSUR, Bolivia and Chile f<br />

MCCA g 5 365.5 6 029.4 5 237.2 5 020.2 5 382.9 2 945.8 CACM g<br />

Otros países h 3 024.8 4 821.8 4 669.9 3 873.6 4 521.4 897.8 Other countries h<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s re-exports.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

c Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay,<br />

Peru and Uruguay.<br />

d Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.<br />

e Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

f Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

g Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.<br />

h Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominican Republic, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Panama and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Incluye las re-exportaciones.<br />

b Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

c Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, México, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong><br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a y Uruguay.<br />

d Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a.<br />

e Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

f Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

g Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua.<br />

h Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Guyana, Haití, Jamaica, Panamá, República Dominicana y Trinidad y Tabago.


190 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.4 EXPORTACIONES TOTALES FOB POR GRUPO DE PRODUCTO: PRODUCTOS MANUFACTURADOS<br />

TOTAL EXPORTS f.o.b., BY PRODUCT GROUP: MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 7 098.6 8 522.5 8 654.7 7 831.8 8 325.6 9 924.8 Argentina<br />

Barbados 99.0 98.3 89.2 80.1 140.2 a 120.4 a Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 15.5 21.0 1.0 1.2 37.0 a ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 195.0 408.2 278.9 216.7 269.6 301.9 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 24 701.9 31 956.6 31 413.3 31 730.3 37 654.1 51 172.1 Brazil<br />

Chile 2 093.7 2 910.2 3 332.0 2 927.7 3 243.1 4 091.7 Chile<br />

Colombia 3 492.6 4 466.4 4 841.4 4 495.0 4 494.3 6 195.7 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 676.9 3 594.7 2 942.6 3 133.6 3 795.0 ... Costa Rica<br />

Ecuador 333.2 499.0 552.0 521.1 747.1 720.5 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 382.1 649.8 665.6 721.0 716.4 884.4 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 532.5 864.6 922.4 779.7 1 062.7 1 226.1 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... 63.7 73.3 99.9 ... Guyana<br />

Haití 21.8 ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras 278.4 292.7 353.8 236.8 258.5 ... Honduras<br />

Jamaica 977.9 923.4 808.9 693.8 ... ... Jamaica<br />

México b 61 638.4 138 986.3 134 848.0 135 377.7 134 634.2 150 993.4 Mexico b<br />

Nicaragua 103.6 47.4 63.0 116.2 71.2 77.1 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 116.5 122.9 106.1 90.7 88.9 88.7 Panama<br />

Paraguay 177.0 167.7 161.8 141.8 169.9 206.0 Paraguay<br />

Perú 736.8 1 161.1 1 270.8 1 273.0 1 484.0 2 039.4 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 1 983.8 363.8 278.2 ... ... ... Dominican Republic<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 1 011.8 1 231.7 2 336.5 1 277.1 1 925.4 a ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 814.9 954.3 856.0 676.0 744.3 921.7 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 2 689.9 2 822.0 2 822.9 3 309.4 3 168.9 4 415.6 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

Total 110 171.8 201 064.6 197 662.8 195 704.0 203 130.3 233 379.5 Total<br />

ALADI c 103 972.0 192 854.3 189 031.8 188 500.5 194 935.1 230 982.8 LAIA c<br />

Comunidad Andina d 7 447.5 9 356.7 9 766.0 9 815.2 10 163.9 13 673.1 An<strong>de</strong>an Community d<br />

Mercosur e 32 792.4 41 601.1 41 085.8 40 379.9 46 893.9 62 224.6 MERCOSUR e<br />

Mercosur, Bolivia y Chile f 35 081.1 44 919.5 44 696.7 43 524.3 50 406.6 66 618.2 MERCOSUR, Bolivia and Chile f<br />

MCCA g 1 973.5 5 449.2 4 947.4 4 987.3 5 903.8 2 187.6 CACM g<br />

Otros países h 4 226.3 2 761.1 3 619.9 2 142.9 2 191.5 209.1 Other countries h<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s re-exports.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

c Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay,<br />

Peru and Uruguay.<br />

d Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.<br />

e Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

f Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

g Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.<br />

h Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominican Republic, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Panama and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Incluye las re-exportaciones.<br />

b Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

c Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, México, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong><br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a y Uruguay.<br />

d Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a.<br />

e Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

f Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

g Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua.<br />

h Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Guyana, Haití, Jamaica, Panamá, República Dominicana y Trinidad y Tabago.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 191<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.5 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1,<br />

a b c<br />

SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1),<br />

a b c<br />

BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

33101 Petróleos crudos 9.9 12.4 10.1 12.2 13.0 12.0 Cru<strong>de</strong> petroleum<br />

3320 Productos <strong>de</strong>rivados <strong>de</strong>l petróleo 3.3 3.6 3.4 2.1 2.4 3.6 Petroleum products<br />

7321 Vehículos automotores, montados o sin montar, para pasajeros<br />

(que no sean ni autobuses ni vehículos para usos especiales) 3.6 5.6 5.6 5.0 4.2 3.5 Passenger motor cars, other than buses<br />

7143 Máquinas <strong>de</strong> estadística que calculan a base <strong>de</strong> tarjetas<br />

perforadas o cintas ... 2.4 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.5 Statistical machines cards or tapes<br />

68212 Cobre refi nado (incluido <strong>el</strong> refundido) 2.2 1.6 1.5 ... ... 2.2 Refi ned copper including rem<strong>el</strong>ted<br />

73289 Otras partes para vehículos automotores, salvo motocicletas 1.6 2.1 1.7 2.0 2.0 1.9 Other parts for motor vehicles<br />

2214 Soya (excepto la harina fi na y gruesa) ... ... ... ... 1.8 1.8 Soya beans<br />

7241 Aparatos receptores <strong>de</strong> t<strong>el</strong>evisión, con o sin gramófono o radio 1.4 1.7 1.9 2.0 1.8 1.8 T<strong>el</strong>evision broadcast receivers<br />

0813 Tortas y harinas <strong>de</strong> semillas oleaginosas y otros residuos <strong>de</strong><br />

aceite vegetal 1.5 ... ... ... 1.7 1.7 Oil seed cake and meal and other veg. oil residues<br />

7323 Camiones y camionetas (incluso coches ambulancias, etc.),<br />

montados o sin montar ... 1.6 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.5 Lorries and trucks, including ambulances, etc.<br />

0711 Café ver<strong>de</strong> o tostado y sucedáneos <strong>de</strong>l café que contengan café 2.8 ... ... ... ... ... Coffee, green or roasted<br />

7115 Motores <strong>de</strong> combustión interna, excepto para aeronaves 1.3 ... ... ... ... ... Internal combustion engines, not for aircraft<br />

7222 Mecanismos <strong>el</strong>éctricos para la conexión, corte o protección <strong>de</strong><br />

circuitos <strong>el</strong>éctricos (conmutadores, etc.) ... ... ... 1.6 ... ... Apparatus for <strong>el</strong>ectrical circuits<br />

7231 Hilos y cables con aislante 1.6 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.7 ... Insulated wire and cable<br />

72499 Otro equipo para t<strong>el</strong>ecomunicaciones ... 1.9 2.4 2.0 ... ... Other t<strong>el</strong>ecommunications equipment<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 29.2 34.8 33.2 33.4 33.2 32.5 Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 218 075.5 344 795.6 333 112.3 332 762.6 364 691.0 440 321.2 Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)<br />

a Argentina, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,<br />

Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay,<br />

Peru, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Starting from 1992, the data supplied by Mexico inclu<strong>de</strong> goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

c Inclu<strong>de</strong>s re-exports since 2003 from Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Argentina, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador,<br />

Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a,<br />

Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b A partir <strong>de</strong> 1992 los datos que aporta México incluyen los bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> la maquila.<br />

c Incluye las re-exportaciones <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong> año 2003 <strong>de</strong> Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica y Trinidad y Tabago.


192 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.6 ASOCIACIÓN LATINOAMERICANA DE INTEGRACIÓN: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1,<br />

a b<br />

SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO<br />

LATIN AMERICAN INTEGRATION ASSOCIATION: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1),<br />

a b<br />

BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

33101 Petróleos crudos 10.2 12.9 10.5 12.6 13.5 12.3 Cru<strong>de</strong> petroleum<br />

3320 Productos <strong>de</strong>rivados <strong>de</strong>l petróleo 3.1 3.2 3.1 1.8 2.0 3.7 Petroleum products<br />

7321 Vehículos automotores, montados o sin montar, para pasajeros<br />

(que no sean ni autobuses ni vehículos para usos especiales) 3.8 5.9 5.9 5.2 4.4 3.6 Passenger motor cars, other than buses<br />

7143 Máquinas <strong>de</strong> estadística que calculan a base <strong>de</strong> tarjetas perforadas<br />

o cintas ... 2.5 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.6 Statistical machines cards or tapes<br />

68212 Cobre refi nado (incluido <strong>el</strong> refundido) 2.4 1.7 1.6 ... ... 2.2 Refi ned copper including rem<strong>el</strong>ted<br />

73289 Otras partes para vehículos automotores, salvo motocicletas 1.7 2.2 1.8 2.1 2.1 2.0 Other parts for motor vehicles<br />

2214 Soya (excepto la harina fi na y gruesa) ... ... ... ... 1.9 1.8 Soya beans<br />

7241 Aparatos receptores <strong>de</strong> t<strong>el</strong>evisión, con o sin gramófono o radio 1.4 1.8 2.0 2.1 1.9 1.8 T<strong>el</strong>evision broadcast receivers<br />

0813 Tortas y harinas <strong>de</strong> semillas oleaginosas y otros residuos <strong>de</strong><br />

aceite vegetal 1.6 ... ... ... 1.8 1.7 Oil seed cake and meal and other veg. oil residues<br />

7323 Camiones y camionetas (incluso coches ambulancias, etc.),<br />

montados o sin montar ... 1.7 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.6 Lorries and trucks, including ambulances, etc.<br />

0711 Café ver<strong>de</strong> o tostado y sucedáneos <strong>de</strong>l café que contengan café 2.1 ... ... ... ... ... Coffee, green or roasted<br />

7115 Motores <strong>de</strong> combustión interna, excepto para aeronaves 1.4 ... ... ... ... ... Internal combustion engines, not for aircraft<br />

7222 Mecanismos <strong>el</strong>éctricos para la conexión, corte o protección <strong>de</strong><br />

circuitos <strong>el</strong>éctricos (conmutadores, etc.) ... ... ... 1.6 ... ... Apparatus for <strong>el</strong>ectrical circuits<br />

7231 Hilos y cables con aislante 1.7 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7 ... Insulated wire and cable<br />

72499 Otro equipo para t<strong>el</strong>ecomunicaciones ... 2.0 2.5 2.1 ... ... Other t<strong>el</strong>ecommunications equipment<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 29.4 35.9 34.4 34.2 34.1 33.3 Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 206 029.7 326 577.6 315 409.9 316 699.9 346 650.6 428 085.4 Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)<br />

a Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay,<br />

Peru and Uruguay.<br />

b Starting from 1992, the data supplied by Mexico inclu<strong>de</strong> goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

a Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, México, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a<br />

y Uruguay.<br />

b A partir <strong>de</strong> 1992 los datos que aporta México incluyen los bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> la maquila.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 193<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.7 COMUNIDAD ANDINA: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1, SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO a<br />

ANDEAN COMMUNITY: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1), BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR a<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

33101 Petróleos crudos 30.1 42.6 37.9 45.8 46.5 36.5 Cru<strong>de</strong> petroleum<br />

3320 Productos <strong>de</strong>rivados <strong>de</strong>l petróleo 16.0 16.2 14.1 3.5 2.7 13.8 Petroleum products<br />

97101 Oro (incluso oro platinado) no monetario, en bruto semilabrado<br />

o en polvo 2.2 2.1 2.5 3.1 4.9 3.9 Gold, nonraw or dust, noncurrent<br />

3214 Carbón (antracita, hullas) 1.8 1.7 2.8 2.5 2.9 2.4 Coal (anthracite, bituminous)<br />

0513 Plátanos (incluso bananas) frescos 3.2 2.3 2.5 2.8 2.8 2.0 Bananas including plantains, fresh<br />

68212 Cobre refi nado (incluido <strong>el</strong> refundido) 1.9 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.7 Refi ned copper including rem<strong>el</strong>ted<br />

0711 Café ver<strong>de</strong> o tostado y sucedáneos <strong>de</strong>l café que contengan café 5.8 2.3 1.9 1.9 1.5 1.7 Coffee, green or roasted<br />

28311 Mineral y concentrados <strong>de</strong> cobre ... ... ... ... ... 1.5 Ores and concentrates of copper<br />

29271 Flores y capullos cortados para adornos ... 1.4 1.7 1.9 1.8 1.5 Cut fl owers and buds for ornamental purposes<br />

0814 Harina <strong>de</strong> carne (incluso <strong>el</strong> residuo <strong>de</strong> grasas) y harina <strong>de</strong> pescado,<br />

impropios para la alimentación humana 1.8 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.3 Meat and fi sh meal, unfi t for human consumption<br />

0313 Crustáceos y moluscos, frescos, refrigerados, cong<strong>el</strong>ados, salados<br />

o <strong>de</strong>secados 1.7 ... ... ... ... ... Crustacea and molluscs, fresh, chilled, salted, dried<br />

6715 Otras ferroaleaciones ... ... ... ... 1.1 ... Other ferro alloys<br />

6841 Aluminio y sus aleaciones, sin forjar 1.8 1.1 1.2 1.3 ... ... Aluminium and aluminium alloys, unwrought<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 66.3 72.5 67.7 65.8 67.0 66.3 Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 40 097.1 57 329.7 50 430.6 49 787.1 54 713.7 72 444.7 Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)<br />

a Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a. a Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.


194 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.8 MERCADO COMÚN CENTROAMERICANO: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1,<br />

SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO a<br />

CENTRAL AMERICAN COMMON MARKET: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1),<br />

BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR a<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

71492 Piezas <strong>de</strong> máquinas <strong>de</strong> ofi cina, n.e.p. ... 14.2 7.7 9.0 12.2 8.1 Parts of offi ce machinery, n.e.s.<br />

0513 Plátanos (incluso bananas) frescos 14.4 7.4 9.0 8.3 8.2 7.3 Bananas including plantains, fresh<br />

0711 Café ver<strong>de</strong> o tostado y sucedáneos <strong>de</strong>l café que contengan café 24.5 14.6 8.4 7.9 7.7 7.0 Coffee, green or roasted<br />

86171 Instrumentos y aparatos <strong>de</strong> medicina, etc. (excepto los<br />

<strong>el</strong>ectromédicos) ... 1.6 2.7 3.5 4.1 4.3 Medical instruments and app. excl. <strong>el</strong>ectro medical<br />

5417 Medicamentos 2.2 2.4 2.8 2.9 3.2 3.7 Medicaments<br />

7293 Válvulas y tubos <strong>el</strong>ectrónicos (<strong>de</strong> cátodo caliente, etc.),<br />

células foto<strong>el</strong>éctricas, transistores, etc. ... ... ... ... ... 2.4 Thermionic valves and tubes, transistors, etc.<br />

05195 Frutas tropicales frescas con excepción <strong>de</strong> plátanos 1.1 1.1 1.4 1.6 1.9 2.4 Tropical fruit other than bananas, fresh<br />

0611 Azúcar <strong>de</strong> remolacha y <strong>de</strong> caña, sin refi nar (excepto los jarabes) 4.5 2.1 3.2 2.7 2.3 2.2 Raw sugar, beet and cane<br />

33101 Petróleos crudos ... 1.4 ... ... 1.5 1.6 Cru<strong>de</strong> petroleum<br />

09909 Otros preparados alimenticios diversos ... ... ... 1.5 1.5 1.3 Other misc<strong>el</strong>laneous food preparations<br />

0111 Carne <strong>de</strong> ganado vacuno, fresca, refrigerada o cong<strong>el</strong>ada 1.3 ... ... ... ... ... Meat of bovine animals, fresh, chilled or frozen<br />

0313 Crustáceos y moluscos, frescos, refrigerados, cong<strong>el</strong>ados,<br />

salados o <strong>de</strong>secados 3.5 2.6 2.4 ... ... ... Crustacea and molluscs, fresh, chilled, salted, dried<br />

05199 Otras frutas frescas 1.0 ... ... ... ... ... Other fresh fruit<br />

05481 Raíces y tubérculos, frescos o secos; médula <strong>de</strong> sagú 0.6 ... ... ... ... ... Roots and tubers, fresh or dried, sago pith<br />

29272 Follajes, ramas, etc., para adornos 0.7 ... ... ... ... ... Foliage, branches, etc. for ornamental purposes<br />

84143 Ropa interior <strong>de</strong> punto no <strong>el</strong>ástico y sin cauchutar ... 1.4 1.9 1.8 1.3 ... Un<strong>de</strong>r garments knitted, not <strong>el</strong>ast. nor rubbered<br />

8930 Artículos <strong>de</strong> materias plásticas artifi ciales, n.e.p. ... ... 1.9 1.9 ... ... Articles of artif. plastic materials, n.e.s.<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 53.8 48.8 41.4 41.1 43.9 40.3 Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 7 339.0 11 478.6 10 184.5 10 007.6 11 286.7 11 085.8 Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)<br />

a a Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua.<br />

Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 195<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.9 MERCADO COMÚN DEL SUR: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1,<br />

SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO a<br />

COMMON MARKET OF THE SOUTHERN CONE: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1),<br />

BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR a<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

2214 Soya (excepto la harina fi na y gruesa) ... 3.8 4.9 5.1 6.2 5.7 Soya beans<br />

0813 Tortas y harinas <strong>de</strong> semillas oleaginosas y otros residuos <strong>de</strong><br />

aceite vegetal 4.7 4.8 5.2 5.6 5.7 5.3 Oil seed cake and meal and other veg. oil residues<br />

3320 Productos <strong>de</strong>rivados <strong>de</strong>l petróleo ... 1.5 3.1 4.4 4.7 4.4 Petroleum products<br />

33101 Petróleos crudos 2.3 3.3 2.7 4.4 4.1 3.6 Cru<strong>de</strong> petroleum<br />

2813 Mineral <strong>de</strong> hierro y sus concentrados (excepto piritas <strong>de</strong><br />

hierro tostadas) 3.6 3.6 3.3 3.4 3.2 3.5 Iron ore and concentrates ex roasted iron pyrites<br />

0111 Carne <strong>de</strong> ganado vacuno, fresca, refrigerada o cong<strong>el</strong>ada ... ... ... ... ... 2.6 Meat of bovine animals, fresh, chilled or frozen<br />

7321 Vehículos automotores, montados o sin montar, para pasajeros<br />

(que no sean ni autobuses ni vehículos para usos especiales) ... 3.1 3.4 2.9 2.5 2.5 Passenger motor cars, other than buses<br />

7341 Aeronaves más pesadas que <strong>el</strong> aire ... 4.1 3.8 3.1 1.9 2.4 Aircraft, heavier than air<br />

0114 Aves <strong>de</strong> corral, muertas o limpias (incluso sus <strong>de</strong>spojos, excepto<br />

<strong>el</strong> hígado), frescas, refrigeradas o cong<strong>el</strong>adas ... ... 1.6 1.6 1.7 2.0 Poultry, incl. offals, excl. liver, fresh, chilled, frozen<br />

4212 Aceite <strong>de</strong> soya ... ... ... 1.6 2.0 1.8 Soya bean oil<br />

0611 Azúcar <strong>de</strong> remolacha y <strong>de</strong> caña, sin refi nar (excepto los jarabes) 2.1 ... 1.6 ... ... ... Raw sugar, beet and cane<br />

0711 Café ver<strong>de</strong> o tostado y sucedáneos <strong>de</strong>l café que contengan café 2.8 1.8 ... ... ... ... Coffee, green or roasted<br />

25172 Pulpa <strong>de</strong> ma<strong>de</strong>ra al sulfato blanqueada, con excepción <strong>de</strong> la soluble 2.0 1.8 ... ... ... ... Sulphate wood pulp, bleached, not dissolving<br />

67251 Hierro y acero en <strong>de</strong>sbastes cuadrados o rectangulares ()<br />

y palanquilla; <strong>de</strong>sbastes planos () y llantón y piezas <strong>de</strong> hierro<br />

o acero simplemente forjadas <strong>de</strong> hierro o acero que no sean <strong>de</strong> acero<br />

fi no al carbono o <strong>de</strong> aceros aleados 1.9 ... ... ... ... ... Blooms etc., iron or ste<strong>el</strong> not high carbon or alloy<br />

6841 Aluminio y sus aleaciones, sin forjar 1.8 ... ... ... ... ... Aluminium and aluminium alloys, unwrought<br />

7115 Motores <strong>de</strong> combustión interna, excepto para aeronaves ... ... ... ... 1.6 ... Internal combustion engines, not for aircraft<br />

72499 Otro equipo para t<strong>el</strong>ecomunicaciones ... ... ... 1.5 ... ... Other t<strong>el</strong>ecommunications equipment<br />

73289 Otras partes para vehículos automotores, salvo motocicletas 1.7 ... ... ... ... ... Other parts for motor vehicles<br />

85102 Calzado con su<strong>el</strong>a <strong>de</strong> cuero; calzado con su<strong>el</strong>a <strong>de</strong> caucho o <strong>de</strong><br />

materia plástica artifi cial (distinto <strong>de</strong>l comprendido en la<br />

partida 85101) 1.9 1.7 1.6 ... ... ... Footwear with soles of leather/rubber/plastic<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 24.8 29.5 31.2 33.6 33.6 33.8 Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 70 491.9 84 595.2 87 810.9 88 821.7 106 467.5 135 565.4 Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)<br />

a a Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.


196 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.10 MERCADO COMÚN DEL SUR, BOLIVIA Y CHILE: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1,<br />

SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO a<br />

COMMON MARKET OF THE SOUTHERN CONE, BOLIVIA AND CHILE: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1),<br />

BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR a<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

68212 Cobre refi nado (incluido <strong>el</strong> refundido) 4.7 4.5 4.1 4.0 3.5 5.0 Refi ned copper including rem<strong>el</strong>ted<br />

2214 Soya (excepto la harina fi na y gruesa) ... 3.2 4.0 4.2 5.2 4.6 Soya beans<br />

0813 Tortas y harinas <strong>de</strong> semillas oleaginosas y otros residuos <strong>de</strong><br />

aceite vegetal 3.8 4.0 4.4 4.8 4.9 4.4 Oil seed cake and meal and other veg. oil residues<br />

3320 Productos <strong>de</strong>rivados <strong>de</strong>l petróleo ... ... 2.5 3.6 4.2 3.6 Petroleum products<br />

33101 Petróleos crudos 1.9 2.7 2.2 3.7 3.5 3.0 Cru<strong>de</strong> petroleum<br />

28311 Mineral y concentrados <strong>de</strong> cobre 2.2 2.3 2.0 1.6 1.9 2.9 Ores and concentrates of copper<br />

2813 Mineral <strong>de</strong> hierro y sus concentrados (excepto piritas <strong>de</strong><br />

hierro tostadas) 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.8 Iron ore and concentrates except roasted iron pyrites<br />

0111 Carne <strong>de</strong> ganado vacuno, fresca, refrigerada o cong<strong>el</strong>ada ... ... ... ... ... 2.1 Meat of bovine animals, fresh, chilled or frozen<br />

7321 Vehículos automotores, montados o sin montar, para pasajeros<br />

(que no sean ni autobuses ni vehículos para usos especiales) ... 2.5 2.8 2.4 2.1 2.0 Passenger motor cars, other than buses<br />

7341 Aeronaves más pesadas que <strong>el</strong> aire ... 3.4 3.1 2.5 ... 1.9 Aircraft, heavier than air<br />

0611 Azúcar <strong>de</strong> remolacha y <strong>de</strong> caña, sin refi nar (excepto los jarabes) 1.7 ... ... ... ... ... Raw sugar, beet and cane<br />

0711 Café ver<strong>de</strong> o tostado y sucedáneos <strong>de</strong>l café que contengan café 2.3 1.5 ... ... ... ... Coffee, green or roasted<br />

25172 Pulpa <strong>de</strong> ma<strong>de</strong>ra al sulfato blanqueada, con excepción <strong>de</strong> la soluble 2.9 2.4 ... ... 1.9 ... Sulphate wood pulp, bleached, not dissolving<br />

4212 Aceite <strong>de</strong> soya ... ... ... 1.4 1.8 ... Soya bean oil<br />

67251 Hierro y acero en <strong>de</strong>sbastes cuadrados o rectangulares ()<br />

y palanquilla; <strong>de</strong>sbastes planos () y llantón y piezas <strong>de</strong><br />

hierro o acero simplemente forjadas <strong>de</strong> hierro o acero que no<br />

sean <strong>de</strong> acero fi no al carbono o <strong>de</strong> aceros aleados 1.6 ... ... ... ... ... Blooms etc., iron or ste<strong>el</strong> not high carbon or alloy<br />

85102 Calzado con su<strong>el</strong>a <strong>de</strong> cuero; calzado con su<strong>el</strong>a <strong>de</strong> caucho o <strong>de</strong><br />

materia plástica artifi cial (distinto <strong>de</strong>l comprendido en la<br />

partida 85101) al carbono o <strong>de</strong> aceros aleados 1.5 ... 1.3 ... ... ... Footwear with soles of leather/rubber/plastic<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 25.5 29.4 29.1 31.0 31.7 32.3 Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 87 574.0 104 284.3 107 908.7 107 615.8 128 220.3 168 714.1 Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)<br />

a a Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay, Uruguay más Bolivia y Chile.<br />

Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay plus Bolivia and Chile.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 197<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.11 ARGENTINA: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1, SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO<br />

ARGENTINA: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1), BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

0813 Tortas y harinas <strong>de</strong> semillas oleaginosas y otros residuos<br />

<strong>de</strong> aceite vegetal 5.7 8.8 9.5 10.4 11.2 10.7 Oil seed cake and meal and other veg. oil residues<br />

3320 Productos <strong>de</strong>rivados <strong>de</strong>l petróleo ... 4.7 5.1 6.7 7.3 7.6 Petroleum products<br />

4212 Aceite <strong>de</strong> soya 4.5 3.6 4.0 5.3 7.0 6.8 Soya bean oil<br />

33101 Petróleos crudos 7.6 10.7 8.9 8.7 7.7 6.7 Cru<strong>de</strong> petroleum<br />

2214 Soya (excepto la harina fi na y gruesa) 2.6 3.0 4.7 4.4 6.2 5.0 Soya beans<br />

0410 Trigo (incluso escanda) y comuña sin moler 4.8 4.6 4.9 4.3 3.1 4.0 Wheat and meslin, unmilled<br />

0440 Maíz sin moler 3.3 3.9 3.7 3.6 4.1 3.5 Maize (corn), unmilled<br />

3411 Gas natural ... ... 2.3 2.5 2.9 3.4 Gas, natural<br />

0111 Carne <strong>de</strong> ganado vacuno, fresca, refrigerada o cong<strong>el</strong>ada 3.3 ... ... ... ... 2.4 Meat of bovine animals, fresh, chilled or frozen<br />

6114 Cueros <strong>de</strong> otros bovinos y pi<strong>el</strong>es <strong>de</strong> equinos, curtidos 4.2 3.0 2.9 2.6 2.3 2.3 Leather of other bovine cattle and equine leather<br />

0311 Pescado fresco, refrigerado o cong<strong>el</strong>ado 2.4 ... ... ... ... ... Fish, fresh, chilled or frozen<br />

4216 Aceite <strong>de</strong> girasol 4.6 ... ... ... 1.9 ... Sunfl ower seed oil<br />

7321 Vehículos automotores, montados o sin montar, para pasajeros<br />

(que no sean ni autobuses ni vehículos para usos especiales) ... 2.8 3.6 2.4 ... ... Passenger motor cars, other than buses<br />

7323 Camiones y camionetas (incluso coches ambulancias, etc.),<br />

montados o sin montar ... 2.2 ... ... ... ... Lorries and trucks, including ambulances, etc.<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 43.0 47.3 49.6 50.9 53.7 52.4 Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 20 962.3 26 340.4 26 542.0 25 649.7 29 937.8 34 548.5 Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)


198 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.12 BARBADOS: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1, SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO<br />

BARBADOS: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1), BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 a 2004 a<br />

1124 Bebidas alcohólicas <strong>de</strong>stiladas 5.8 6.5 10.3 11.3 6.5 11.2 Distilled alcoholic beverages<br />

0611 Azúcar <strong>de</strong> remolacha y <strong>de</strong> caña, sin refi nar (excepto los jarabes) 17.0 14.0 12.5 11.7 6.1 10.9 Raw sugar, beet and cane<br />

33101 Petróleos crudos ... ... ... 3.1 3.7 7.1 Cru<strong>de</strong> petroleum<br />

7222 Mecanismos <strong>el</strong>éctricos para la conexión, corte o protección <strong>de</strong><br />

circuitos <strong>el</strong>éctricos (conmutadores, etc.) 10.3 6.3 7.0 8.0 4.0 6.8 Apparatus for <strong>el</strong>ectrical circuits<br />

6612 Cemento ... 4.3 4.6 6.5 3.5 5.8 Cement<br />

5417 Medicamentos ... ... 2.8 3.0 7.3 5.2 Medicaments<br />

5992 Insecticidas, fungicidas y <strong>de</strong>sinfectantes (incluso los preparados<br />

para <strong>el</strong> ganado lanar y vacuno) y preparados similares 4.2 4.9 5.4 5.5 3.0 4.5 Insectici<strong>de</strong>s, fungici<strong>de</strong>s, disinfectants<br />

0914 Margarina, sucedáneos <strong>de</strong> la manteca <strong>de</strong> cerdo y otras grasas<br />

alimenticias preparadas, n.e.p. ... ... 2.7 2.9 1.3 2.3 Margarine, imitation lard and prepared edible fats, n.e.s.<br />

69221 Barriles, tambores, etc. para <strong>el</strong> transporte <strong>de</strong> mercancías, <strong>de</strong><br />

hierro o acero 3.5 2.7 3.0 3.1 1.7 2.3 Casks, drums, etc. used for transport of iron/ste<strong>el</strong><br />

89291 Etiquetas <strong>de</strong> pap<strong>el</strong> o cartón ... ... ... ... ... 2.1 Paper and paperboard lab<strong>el</strong>s<br />

09909 Otros preparados alimenticios diversos 4.8 6.8 7.7 8.0 ... ... Other misc<strong>el</strong>laneous food preparations<br />

3320 Productos <strong>de</strong>rivados <strong>de</strong>l petróleo ... 8.6 5.1 ... 31.7 ... Petroleum products<br />

53332 Barnices, lacas, pinturas al temple y pigmentos al agua, hojas<br />

para <strong>el</strong> marcado a fuego; tintes presentados en formas para<br />

la venta al por menor ... 2.4 ... ... ... ... Varnishes, lacquers, distempers, water pigments<br />

5542 Productos orgánicos, tensoactivos y preparados para lejías 4.7 ... ... ... ... ... Surface acting agents and washing preparations<br />

64299 Otros artículos <strong>de</strong> pulpa, pap<strong>el</strong>, cartón o guata <strong>de</strong> c<strong>el</strong>ulosa 3.3 ... ... ... ... ... Other art. of paper/pulp/board/c<strong>el</strong>lulose wadding<br />

69523 Herramientas <strong>de</strong> mano, etc., n.e.p. 3.5 ... ... ... ... ... Hand tools, etc., n.e.s.<br />

7293 Válvulas y tubos <strong>el</strong>ectrónicos (<strong>de</strong> cátodo caliente, etc.),<br />

células foto<strong>el</strong>éctricas, transistores, etc. 3.9 2.8 ... ... ... ... Thermionic valves and tubes, transistors, etc.<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 61.0 59.3 61.1 63.1 68.8 58.2 Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 168.4 190.1 176.3 161.3 334.8 216.6 Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)<br />

a a Incluye las re-exportaciones.<br />

Inclu<strong>de</strong>s re-exports.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 199<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.13 BELICE: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1, SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO<br />

BELIZE: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1), BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 a 2004<br />

0313 Crustáceos y moluscos, frescos, refrigerados, cong<strong>el</strong>ados,<br />

salados o <strong>de</strong>secados 10.8 17.9 6.0 5.7 25.7 ... Crustacea and molluscs, fresh, chilled, salted, dried<br />

0535 Jugos <strong>de</strong> frutas y jugos <strong>de</strong> legumbres, no fermentados,<br />

estén o no cong<strong>el</strong>ados 22.3 32.2 1.0 1.6 18.6 ... Fruit juices and vegetable juices, unfermented<br />

0611 Azúcar <strong>de</strong> remolacha y <strong>de</strong> caña, sin refi nar (excepto los jarabes) 33.4 20.0 16.3 18.8 16.6 ... Raw sugar, beet and cane<br />

0513 Plátanos (incluso bananas) frescos ... 10.2 7.2 10.2 12.4 ... Bananas including plantains, fresh<br />

84144 Prendas exteriores <strong>de</strong> punto no <strong>el</strong>ástico y sin cauchutar ... ... ... ... 6.5 ... Outer garments knitted, not <strong>el</strong>ast. nor rubbered<br />

7221 Máquinas generadores <strong>el</strong>éctricas ... ... ... ... 4.5 ... Electric power machinery<br />

05199 Otras frutas frescas 0.3 3.4 ... ... 3.9 ... Other fresh fruit<br />

71842 Excavadoras, explanadoras, perforadoras, etc. ... ... ... ... 1.3 ... Excavating, lev<strong>el</strong>ling, boring, etc. machinery<br />

0542 Guisantes, frijoles, lentejas y otras leguminosas, secos<br />

(incluso los partidos) 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.5 1.2 ... Beans, peas, lentils and leguminous vegetab., dried<br />

24331 Tablas aserradas longitudinalmente, etc., no coníferas 1.2 1.3 0.7 0.6 0.8 ... Lumber, sawn lengthwise, etc., non conifer<br />

0311 Pescado fresco, refrigerado o cong<strong>el</strong>ado ... ... 0.6 ... ... ... Fish, fresh, chilled or frozen<br />

0511 Naranjas, tangerinas o mandarinas y clementinas ... 0.9 ... 0.2 ... ... Oranges, tangerines and clementines<br />

0512 Otras frutas cítricas 15.4 ... ... ... ... ... Other citrus fruit<br />

0615 M<strong>el</strong>azas 2.0 ... 0.5 0.8 ... ... Molasses<br />

0751 Pimienta y pimiento, molidos o sin moler ... ... 0.2 ... ... ... Pepper and pimento, whether or not ground<br />

08199 Preparados forrajeros con m<strong>el</strong>azas o azúcar y <strong>de</strong>más alimentos<br />

preparados para animales ... ... 0.4 ... ... ... Sweetened forage; prep. used in animal feeding<br />

24231 Troncos para aserrar y hacer chapas en bruto, no coníferas ... ... ... 0.2 ... ... Sawlogs and veneer logs, in the rough, non conifer<br />

4223 Aceite <strong>de</strong> coco (copra) 1.0 ... ... ... ... ... Coconut copra oil<br />

7353 Barcos y botes (excepto los barcos <strong>de</strong> guerra) ... ... ... 0.3 ... ... Ships and boats, other than warships<br />

84111 Ropa exterior para caballeros y jóvenes, excepto la <strong>de</strong> punto 10.1 9.9 ... ... ... ... Mens and boys outer garments, not knitted<br />

84112 Ropa exterior para señoras, niñas y niños pequeños, excepto<br />

la <strong>de</strong> punto ... 0.6 ... ... ... ... Womens, girls and infants outer garments, not knitted<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 98.0 97.9 34.6 39.9 91.5 ... Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 142.9 185.5 181.9 164.5 214.9 ... Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)<br />

a a Incluye las re-exportaciones.<br />

Inclu<strong>de</strong>s re-exports.


200 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.14 BOLIVIA: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1, SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO<br />

BOLIVIA: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1), BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

3411 Gas natural 7.8 8.6 18.0 19.5 23.3 27.7 Gas, natural<br />

0813 Tortas y harinas <strong>de</strong> semillas oleaginosas y otros residuos <strong>de</strong><br />

aceite vegetal 3.3 10.1 14.4 15.4 13.1 11.8 Oil seed cake and meal and other veg. oil residues<br />

33101 Petróleos crudos 4.1 ... 3.5 4.5 5.7 7.6 Cru<strong>de</strong> petroleum<br />

2835 Mineral <strong>de</strong> zinc y sus concentrados 12.8 11.6 8.8 8.2 7.4 6.7 Ores and concentrates of zinc<br />

4212 Aceite <strong>de</strong> soya ... 4.8 5.5 6.5 6.8 5.6 Soya bean oil<br />

6871 Estaño y sus aleaciones, sin forjar 9.5 4.5 3.7 3.5 3.5 5.1 Tin and tin alloys, unwrought<br />

28501 Minerales y concentrados <strong>de</strong> minerales argentíferos, platiníferos<br />

y metales <strong>de</strong>l grupo platino 4.9 4.4 3.7 4.6 4.3 4.0 Ores and conc. of silver, platinum, etc.<br />

89711 Artículos <strong>de</strong> joyería <strong>de</strong> metales preciosos 7.6 3.1 3.0 4.2 3.2 2.8 Jew<strong>el</strong>lery of precious metal<br />

05171 Cocos, nueces <strong>de</strong>l Brasil y anacardos, frescos o secos ... ... ... 2.0 2.2 2.4 Coconuts, brazil cashew nuts, fresh/dried<br />

3320 Productos <strong>de</strong>rivados <strong>de</strong>l petróleo ... ... ... ... ... 2.3 Petroleum products<br />

2214 Soya (excepto la harina fi na y gruesa) 4.0 3.1 ... ... ... ... Soya beans<br />

24331 Tablas aserradas longitudinalmente, etc., no coníferas 5.4 ... ... ... ... ... Lumber, sawn lengthwise, etc. non conifer<br />

71842 Excavadoras, explanadoras, perforadoras, etc. ... ... 3.4 ... ... ... Excavating, lev<strong>el</strong>ling, boring, etc. machinery<br />

7341 Aeronaves más pesadas que <strong>el</strong> aire ... 9.8 ... ... ... ... Aircraft, heavier than air<br />

97101 Oro (incluso oro platinado) no monetario, en bruto semilabrado<br />

o en polvo 11.1 6.0 6.8 6.5 4.3 ... Gold, nonraw or dust, noncurrent<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 70.5 66.0 70.8 74.9 73.8 76.0 Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 1 181.2 1 474.9 1 352.8 1 371.5 1 676.5 2 254.2 Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 201<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.15 BRASIL: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1, SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO<br />

BRAZIL: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1), BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

2214 Soya (excepto la harina fi na y gruesa) ... 4.0 4.7 5.0 5.9 5.6 Soya beans<br />

2813 Mineral <strong>de</strong> hierro y sus concentrados (excepto piritas<br />

<strong>de</strong> hierro tostadas) 5.5 5.5 5.0 5.1 4.7 4.9 Iron ore and concentrates ex roasted iron pyrites<br />

7321 Vehículos automotores, montados o sin montar, para pasajeros<br />

(que no sean ni autobuses ni vehículos para usos especiales) ... 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.6 3.5 Passenger motor cars, other than buses<br />

7341 Aeronaves más pesadas que <strong>el</strong> aire ... 6.3 5.8 4.5 2.7 3.4 Aircraft, heavier than air<br />

0813 Tortas y harinas <strong>de</strong> semillas oleaginosas y otros residuos<br />

<strong>de</strong> aceite vegetal 4.4 3.0 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.4 Oil seed cake and meal and other veg. oil residues<br />

3320 Productos <strong>de</strong>rivados <strong>de</strong>l petróleo ... ... 2.3 3.6 3.8 3.3 Petroleum products<br />

0114 Aves <strong>de</strong> corral, muertas o limpias (incluso sus <strong>de</strong>spojos,<br />

excepto <strong>el</strong> hígado), frescas, refrigeradas o cong<strong>el</strong>adas ... ... 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.8 Poultry (incl. offals, excl. liver) fresh, chilled or frozen<br />

33101 Petróleos crudos ... ... ... 2.8 2.9 2.6 Cru<strong>de</strong> petroleum<br />

7115 Motores <strong>de</strong> combustión interna, excepto para aeronaves ... ... ... 2.2 2.3 2.1 Internal combustion engines, not for aircraft<br />

0111 Carne <strong>de</strong> ganado vacuno, fresca, refrigerada o cong<strong>el</strong>ada ... ... ... ... ... 2.0 Meat of bovine animals, fresh, chilled or frozen<br />

0535 Jugos <strong>de</strong> frutas y jugos <strong>de</strong> legumbres, no fermentados,<br />

estén o no cong<strong>el</strong>ados 2.4 ... ... ... ... ... Fruit juices and vegetable juices, unfermented<br />

0611 Azúcar <strong>de</strong> remolacha y <strong>de</strong> caña, sin refi nar (excepto los jarabes) 3.1 ... 2.4 ... ... ... Raw sugar, beet and cane<br />

0711 Café ver<strong>de</strong> o tostado y sucedáneos <strong>de</strong>l café que contengan café 4.2 2.8 ... ... ... ... Coffee, green or roasted<br />

25172 Pulpa <strong>de</strong> ma<strong>de</strong>ra al sulfato blanqueada, con excepción <strong>de</strong> la soluble 3.1 2.8 ... ... 2.3 ... Sulphate wood pulp, bleached, not dissolving<br />

67251 Hierro y acero en <strong>de</strong>sbastes cuadrados o rectangulares () y<br />

palanquilla; <strong>de</strong>sbastes planos () y llantón y piezas <strong>de</strong> hierro o<br />

acero simplemente forjadas <strong>de</strong> hierro o acero que no sean <strong>de</strong> acero<br />

fi no al carbono o <strong>de</strong> aceros aleados 2.9 ... ... ... ... ... Blooms etc., iron or ste<strong>el</strong>, not high carbon or alloy<br />

6841 Aluminio y sus aleaciones, sin forjar 2.7 2.1 ... ... ... ... Aluminium and aluminium alloys, unwrought<br />

72499 Otro equipo para t<strong>el</strong>ecomunicaciones ... ... 2.2 2.3 ... ... Other t<strong>el</strong>ecommunications equipment<br />

73289 Otras partes para vehículos automotores, salvo motocicletas 2.6 2.2 ... ... ... ... Other parts for motor vehicles<br />

85102 Calzado con su<strong>el</strong>a <strong>de</strong> cuero; calzado con su<strong>el</strong>a <strong>de</strong> caucho<br />

o <strong>de</strong> materia plástica artifi cial (distinto <strong>de</strong>l comprendido<br />

en la partida 85101) 2.9 2.5 2.5 ... ... ... Footwear with soles of leather/rubber/plastic<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 33.8 34.4 34.3 34.8 34.3 33.6 Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 46 504.1 55 084.4 58 221.2 60 360.4 73 082.4 96 473.2 Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)


202 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.16 CHILE: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1, SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO<br />

CHILE: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1), BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

68212 Cobre refi nado (incluido <strong>el</strong> refundido) 25.8 25.6 23.5 24.6 22.3 27.1 Refi ned copper including rem<strong>el</strong>ted<br />

28311 Mineral y concentrados <strong>de</strong> cobre 12.1 13.1 11.5 10.0 12.0 16.0 Ores and concentrates of copper<br />

0311 Pescado fresco, refrigerado o cong<strong>el</strong>ado 4.5 6.5 6.7 6.9 7.0 5.4 Fish, fresh, chilled or frozen<br />

28393 Minerales <strong>de</strong> titanio, vanadio, molib<strong>de</strong>no, tántalo, zirconio,<br />

y sus concentrados 2.3 ... ... ... ... 3.9 Ores and conc. of titanium, vanadium, molyb<strong>de</strong>m, etc.<br />

25172 Pulpa <strong>de</strong> ma<strong>de</strong>ra al sulfato blanqueada, con excepción <strong>de</strong> la soluble 6.8 5.2 4.8 3.9 3.7 3.5 Sulphate wood pulp, bleached, not dissolving<br />

68211 Cobre blister y <strong>de</strong>más cobre sin refi nar 3.2 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.9 3.0 Blister copper and other unrefi ned copper<br />

11212 Vinos <strong>de</strong> uvas; mosto <strong>de</strong> uvas con alcohol ... 3.2 3.4 3.5 3.3 2.7 Wine of fresh grapes, grape must<br />

24321 Tablas aserradas longitudinalmente, etc., coníferas 1.5 1.7 2.0 2.2 2.1 2.0 Lumber, sawn lengthwise, etc., conifer<br />

0515 Uvas frescas 2.2 2.9 2.5 3.1 3.5 1.9 Grapes, fresh<br />

51221 Alcohol metílico (metanol) ... 1.6 1.9 1.7 2.2 1.6 Methyl alcohol (methanol)<br />

0814 Harina <strong>de</strong> carne (incluso <strong>el</strong> residuo <strong>de</strong> grasas) y harina <strong>de</strong> pescado,<br />

impropios para la alimentación humana 4.0 ... 1.6 1.9 ... ... Meat and fi sh meal, unfi t for human consumption<br />

3320 Productos <strong>de</strong>rivados <strong>de</strong>l petróleo ... ... ... ... 2.0 ... Petroleum products<br />

97101 Oro (incluso oro platinado) no monetario, en bruto semilabrado<br />

o en polvo 2.3 1.6 ... ... ... ... Gold, nonraw or dust, noncurrent<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 64.7 63.0 59.5 59.3 60.0 67.1 Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 15 900.9 18 214.2 18 745.1 17 422.6 20 076.3 30 894.4 Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 203<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.17 COLOMBIA: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1, SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO<br />

COLOMBIA: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1), BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

33101 Petróleos crudos 18.6 30.6 21.1 21.7 18.9 17.9 Cru<strong>de</strong> petroleum<br />

3214 Carbón (antracita, hullas) 5.7 6.4 9.4 8.2 10.6 10.6 Coal (anthracite, bituminous)<br />

3320 Productos <strong>de</strong>rivados <strong>de</strong>l petróleo 2.8 4.1 5.5 5.8 6.8 7.3 Petroleum products<br />

0711 Café ver<strong>de</strong> o tostado y sucedáneos <strong>de</strong>l café que contengan café 18.0 8.2 6.3 6.6 6.2 5.8 Coffee, green or roasted<br />

29271 Flores y capullos cortados para adornos 4.7 4.4 5.0 5.7 5.2 4.2 Cut fl owers and buds for ornamental purposes<br />

6715 Otras ferroaleaciones 1.8 1.6 1.9 2.3 3.2 3.8 Other ferro alloys<br />

5812 Productos <strong>de</strong> polimerización y copolimerización (v.g., polietilenos,<br />

poliestireno, <strong>de</strong>rivados polivinílicos, etc., resinas <strong>de</strong><br />

cumarona-in<strong>de</strong>no) 2.5 2.0 2.0 2.6 3.1 3.6 Products of polymerization and copolymerization<br />

97101 Oro (incluso oro platinado) no monetario, en bruto semilabrado<br />

o en polvo 1.7 ... ... ... 4.5 3.4 Gold, nonraw or dust, noncurrent<br />

0513 Plátanos (incluso bananas) frescos 4.2 3.7 3.3 3.7 3.2 2.6 Bananas including plantains, fresh<br />

84111 Ropa exterior para caballeros y jóvenes, excepto la <strong>de</strong> punto ... ... ... ... 1.6 1.6 Mens and boys outer garments, not knitted<br />

5214 Aceites y <strong>de</strong>más productos <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>stilación <strong>de</strong> los alquitranes<br />

<strong>de</strong> hulla ... 1.6 ... ... ... ... Oils and other products of the distillation/coal tar<br />

53332 Barnices, lacas, pinturas al temple y pigmentos al agua, hojas para<br />

<strong>el</strong> marcado a fuego; tintes presentados en formas para la<br />

venta al por menor ... 2.5 2.2 1.6 ... ... Varnishes, lacquers, distempers, water pigments<br />

5417 Medicamentos ... ... ... 1.8 ... ... Medicaments<br />

6673 Otras piedras preciosas y semipreciosas, sin engarzar ni ensartar 4.5 ... ... ... ... ... Other precious and semi precious stones not set<br />

7321 Vehículos automotores, montados o sin montar, para pasajeros<br />

(que no sean ni autobuses ni vehículos para usos especiales) ... ... 1.9 ... ... ... Passenger motor cars, other than buses<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 64.5 65.1 58.6 60.0 63.3 60.8 Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 10 201.0 13 114.7 12 301.2 11 897.2 13 091.8 16 729.1 Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)


204 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.18 COSTA RICA: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1, SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO<br />

COSTA RICA: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1), BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

71492 Piezas <strong>de</strong> máquinas <strong>de</strong> ofi cina, n.e.p. ... 29.7 16.7 18.1 23.7 15.1 Parts of offi ce machinery, n.e.s.<br />

0513 Plátanos (incluso bananas) frescos 25.4 10.1 10.8 9.7 9.7 9.3 Bananas including plantains, fresh<br />

86171 Instrumentos y aparatos <strong>de</strong> medicina, etc. (excepto<br />

los <strong>el</strong>ectromédicos) ... 3.3 5.8 7.1 8.0 8.0 Medical instruments and app., excl. <strong>el</strong>ectro medical<br />

7293 Válvulas y tubos <strong>el</strong>ectrónicos (<strong>de</strong> cátodo caliente, etc.), células<br />

foto<strong>el</strong>éctricas, transistores, etc. ... ... ... ... ... 4.5 Thermionic valves and tubes, transistors, etc.<br />

05195 Frutas tropicales frescas con excepción <strong>de</strong> plátanos 2.3 2.3 3.0 3.3 3.5 4.4 Tropical fruit other than bananas, fresh<br />

5417 Medicamentos 1.9 2.5 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.8 Medicaments<br />

0711 Café ver<strong>de</strong> o tostado y sucedáneos <strong>de</strong>l café que contengan café 15.5 5.3 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.4 Coffee, green or roasted<br />

09909 Otros preparados alimenticios diversos ... ... ... 2.3 2.3 2.4 Other misc<strong>el</strong>laneous food preparations<br />

7222 Mecanismos <strong>el</strong>éctricos para la conexión, corte o protección <strong>de</strong><br />

circuitos <strong>el</strong>éctricos (conmutadores, etc.) ... 1.8 2.5 ... 1.9 2.1 Apparatus for <strong>el</strong>ectrical circuits<br />

72499 Otro equipo para t<strong>el</strong>ecomunicaciones ... ... ... ... ... 2.0 Other t<strong>el</strong>ecommunications equipment<br />

0111 Carne <strong>de</strong> ganado vacuno, fresca, refrigerada o cong<strong>el</strong>ada 1.6 ... ... ... ... ... Meat of bovine animals, fresh, chilled or frozen<br />

0311 Pescado fresco, refrigerado o cong<strong>el</strong>ado ... ... 1.8 ... ... ... Fish, fresh, chilled or frozen<br />

05199 Otras frutas frescas 1.7 ... ... ... ... ... Other fresh fruit<br />

05481 Raíces y tubérculos, frescos o secos; médula <strong>de</strong> sagú 1.7 ... ... ... ... ... Roots and tubers, fresh or dried, sago pith<br />

0611 Azúcar <strong>de</strong> remolacha y <strong>de</strong> caña, sin refi nar (excepto los jarabes) 1.7 ... ... ... ... ... Raw sugar, beet and cane<br />

29272 Follajes, ramas, etc., para adornos 1.8 ... ... ... ... ... Foliage, branches, etc., for ornamental purposes<br />

72999 Otras máquinas y aparatos <strong>el</strong>éctricos, n.e.p. ... 2.0 ... 1.9 2.1 ... Other <strong>el</strong>ectr. goods and apparatus, n.e.s.<br />

84143 Ropa interior <strong>de</strong> punto no <strong>el</strong>ástico y sin cauchutar ... 2.0 2.2 2.3 1.8 ... Un<strong>de</strong>r garments knitted, not <strong>el</strong>ast. nor rubbered<br />

8930 Artículos <strong>de</strong> materias plásticas artifi ciales, n.e.p. ... 1.6 2.4 2.1 ... ... Articles of artif. plastic materials, n.e.s.<br />

89711 Artículos <strong>de</strong> joyería <strong>de</strong> metales preciosos 1.6 ... ... ... ... ... Jew<strong>el</strong>lery of precious metal<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 55.2 60.6 52.2 53.6 59.8 55.0 Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 2 701.7 5 486.7 4 715.6 4 950.2 5 800.2 5 952.5 Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 205<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.19 DOMINICA: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1, SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO<br />

DOMINICA: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1), BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 a 2004 a<br />

5541 Jabones 34.0 26.2 27.5 25.9 27.3 25.9 Soaps<br />

0513 Plátanos (incluso bananas) frescos 41.0 27.3 22.9 24.7 17.7 20.5 Bananas including plantains, fresh<br />

5530 Productos <strong>de</strong> perfumería, cosméticos, <strong>de</strong>ntífricos y otros<br />

preparados <strong>de</strong> tocador (excepto <strong>el</strong> jabón) 1.3 14.0 15.4 13.1 16.1 14.3 Perfumery and cosmetics, <strong>de</strong>ntifrices, etc.<br />

53332 Barnices, lacas, pinturas al temple y pigmentos al agua, hojas<br />

para <strong>el</strong> marcado a fuego; tintes presentados en formas para la<br />

venta al por menor 3.4 3.3 2.8 3.0 3.5 4.5 Varnishes, lacquers, distempers, water pigments<br />

5992 Insecticidas, fungicidas y <strong>de</strong>sinfectantes (incluso los preparados<br />

para <strong>el</strong> ganado lanar y vacuno) y preparados similares ... 3.6 3.7 4.1 4.1 4.1 Insectici<strong>de</strong>s, fungici<strong>de</strong>s, disinfectants<br />

05481 Raíces y tubérculos, frescos o secos; médula <strong>de</strong> sagú 3.1 3.0 3.2 3.6 3.0 3.8 Roots and tubers, fresh or dried, sago pith<br />

2733 Arenas (excepto las arenas metalíferas) ... 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.6 3.8 Sand excluding metal bearing sand<br />

5542 Productos orgánicos, tensoactivos y preparados para lejías 2.3 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.2 Surface acting agents and washing preparations<br />

05195 Frutas tropicales frescas con excepción <strong>de</strong> plátanos 1.3 ... ... ... ... 2.1 Tropical fruit other than bananas, fresh<br />

2734 Cascajo y piedra triturada (incluso macadán alquitranado) 1.1 ... ... ... ... 1.4 Grav<strong>el</strong> and crushed stone<br />

09904 Salsas y condimentos compuestos para sazonar 1.3 2.5 2.1 3.8 2.2 ... Sauces; mixed seasonings<br />

5511 Aceites esenciales y resinoi<strong>de</strong>s 1.3 2.1 2.1 3.1 2.3 ... Essential oils and resinoids<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 90.1 88.1 85.6 87.4 82.6 83.6 Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 43.7 51.4 41.6 38.6 40.7 43.0 Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)<br />

a a Incluye las re-exportaciones.<br />

Inclu<strong>de</strong>s re-exports.


206 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.20 ECUADOR: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1, SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO<br />

ECUADOR: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1), BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

33101 Petróleos crudos 32.0 43.5 37.1 36.5 38.1 50.3 Cru<strong>de</strong> petroleum<br />

0513 Plátanos (incluso bananas) frescos 19.4 16.7 18.2 19.2 17.7 13.2 Bananas including plantains, fresh<br />

29271 Flores y capullos cortados para adornos 1.8 4.0 4.9 5.8 5.0 4.6 Cut fl owers and buds for ornamental purposes<br />

03201 Preparados y conservas <strong>de</strong> pescado (incluso caviar y sus sustitutivos) 2.7 4.5 5.6 6.6 6.4 4.6 Prepared or preserved fi sh incl. caviar<br />

0313 Crustáceos y moluscos, frescos, refrigerados, cong<strong>el</strong>ados, salados<br />

o <strong>de</strong>secados 15.6 5.8 6.1 5.1 4.9 4.3 Crustacea and molluscs, fresh, chilled, salted, dried<br />

3320 Productos <strong>de</strong>rivados <strong>de</strong>l petróleo 3.1 4.8 2.9 3.4 2.5 2.9 Petroleum products<br />

5214 Aceites y <strong>de</strong>más productos <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>stilación <strong>de</strong> los alquitranes<br />

<strong>de</strong> hulla ... 1.3 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.4 Oils and other prod. of the distillation/coal tar<br />

0721 Cacao en grano, crudo o tostado 1.9 0.8 1.2 1.8 1.9 1.3 Cocoa beans, raw or roasted<br />

0311 Pescado fresco, refrigerado o cong<strong>el</strong>ado 2.1 1.5 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.1 Fish, fresh, chilled or frozen<br />

0713 Extractos y esencias <strong>de</strong> café y preparados similares <strong>de</strong> café ... ... ... ... ... 0.9 Coffee extracts, essences, concentrates<br />

0711 Café ver<strong>de</strong> o tostado y sucedáneos <strong>de</strong>l café que contengan café 4.3 ... ... ... ... ... Coffee, green or roasted<br />

7321 Vehículos automotores, montados o sin montar, para pasajeros<br />

(que no sean ni autobuses ni vehículos para usos especiales) ... 1.3 2.0 0.9 1.2 ... Passenger motor cars, other than buses<br />

97101 Oro (incluso oro platinado) no monetario, en bruto semilabrado<br />

o en polvo 2.2 ... ... ... ... ... Gold, nonraw or dust, noncurrent<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 85.1 84.2 80.9 82.1 80.5 84.6 Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 4 361.4 4 926.5 4 647.3 5 041.4 6 222.5 7 752.7 Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 207<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.21 EL SALVADOR: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1, SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO<br />

EL SALVADOR: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1), BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

0711 Café ver<strong>de</strong> o tostado y sucedáneos <strong>de</strong>l café que contengan café 37.7 22.2 9.5 8.7 8.4 8.4 Coffee, green or roasted<br />

5417 Medicamentos 3.8 4.0 4.4 3.9 4.7 4.8 Medicaments<br />

84144 Prendas exteriores <strong>de</strong> punto no <strong>el</strong>ástico y sin cauchutar ... ... ... ... ... 4.1 Outer garments knitted, not <strong>el</strong>ast. nor rubbered<br />

3320 Productos <strong>de</strong>rivados <strong>de</strong>l petróleo ... 4.4 5.6 4.9 4.4 3.8 Petroleum products<br />

84143 Ropa interior <strong>de</strong> punto no <strong>el</strong>ástico y sin cauchutar ... 2.4 3.0 3.3 3.7 3.7 Un<strong>de</strong>r garments knitted, not <strong>el</strong>ast. nor rubbered<br />

8930 Artículos <strong>de</strong> materias plásticas artifi ciales, n.e.p. ... 2.5 2.8 2.9 3.2 3.6 Articles of artif. plastic materials, n.e.s.<br />

6421 Bolsas <strong>de</strong> pap<strong>el</strong>, cajas <strong>de</strong> cartón y otros envases <strong>de</strong> pap<strong>el</strong> o cartón 2.6 2.5 3.1 3.2 3.4 3.2 Paper bags, paperboard boxes and other containers<br />

64293 Otros pap<strong>el</strong>es y cartones recortados para un uso <strong>de</strong>terminado ... ... ... 2.6 2.5 2.6 Other paper and paperboard cut to size<br />

67431 Planchas y láminas, <strong>de</strong> menos <strong>de</strong> 3 mm. <strong>de</strong> espesor, <strong>de</strong> hierro o<br />

acero, revestidas <strong>de</strong> hierro o acero que no sean <strong>de</strong> acero fi no al<br />

carbono o <strong>de</strong> aceros aleados ... ... ... ... 2.6 2.6 Plates un<strong>de</strong>r 3mm uncoated not h.c. or alloy<br />

0611 Azúcar <strong>de</strong> remolacha y <strong>de</strong> caña, sin refi nar (excepto los jarabes) 3.7 3.0 5.8 3.6 3.7 2.5 Raw sugar, beet and cane<br />

0313 Crustáceos y moluscos, frescos, refrigerados, cong<strong>el</strong>ados, salados<br />

o <strong>de</strong>secados 2.8 ... ... ... ... ... Crustacea and molluscs, fresh, chilled, salted, dried<br />

04811 Granos <strong>de</strong> cereales, aplastados, en hoju<strong>el</strong>as, pulidos, perlados<br />

o triturados; gérmenes <strong>de</strong> cereales, enteros, aplastados,<br />

en hoju<strong>el</strong>as o molidos 1.7 ... ... ... ... ... Cereal grains, rolled, fl aked, polished<br />

0620 Dulces <strong>de</strong> azúcar y otros preparados <strong>de</strong> azúcar (excepto dulces<br />

<strong>de</strong> chocolate) ... 1.9 2.3 ... ... ... Sugar confectionery and other sugar preparations<br />

0721 Cacao en grano, crudo o tostado 2.2 ... ... ... ... ... Cocoa beans, raw or roasted<br />

09909 Otros preparados alimenticios diversos ... 2.5 3.1 3.1 2.5 ... Other misc<strong>el</strong>laneous food preparations<br />

5541 Jabones ... 1.8 ... ... ... ... Soaps<br />

5542 Productos orgánicos, tensoactivos y preparados para lejías ... ... ... 2.9 ... ... Surface acting agents and washing preparations<br />

5812 Productos <strong>de</strong> polimerización y copolimerización (v.g., polietilenos,<br />

poliestireno, <strong>de</strong>rivados polivinílicos, etc., resinas <strong>de</strong><br />

cumarona-in<strong>de</strong>no) ... ... 2.1 ... ... ... Products of polymerization and copolymerization<br />

65352 Tejidos <strong>de</strong> fi bras sintéticas discontinuas, excepto los aterciop<strong>el</strong>ados<br />

o <strong>de</strong> oruga 1.4 ... ... ... ... ... Fabrics, woven of discontinuous synthetic fi bres<br />

65691 Ropa <strong>de</strong> cama y <strong>de</strong>más artículos <strong>de</strong> moblaje, <strong>de</strong> materias textiles 1.5 ... ... ... ... ... Linens and other furnishing articles of textile<br />

68423 Hojas <strong>de</strong>lgadas <strong>de</strong> aluminio 2.0 ... ... ... ... ... Aluminium foil<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 59.4 47.2 41.7 39.1 39.1 39.3 Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 984.9 1 341.3 1 213.5 1 233.7 1 254.8 1 474.6 Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)


208 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.22 GUATEMALA: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1, SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO<br />

GUATEMALA: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1), BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

0711 Café ver<strong>de</strong> o tostado y sucedáneos <strong>de</strong>l café que contengan café 28.1 21.3 12.7 11.8 11.4 11.2 Coffee, green or roasted<br />

0513 Plátanos (incluso bananas) frescos 7.2 6.6 8.3 10.8 9.0 8.5 Bananas including plantains, fresh<br />

0611 Azúcar <strong>de</strong> remolacha y <strong>de</strong> caña, sin refi nar (excepto los jarabes) 12.4 7.1 8.8 10.2 8.1 6.4 Raw sugar, beet and cane<br />

33101 Petróleos crudos 1.7 5.9 4.2 6.7 6.6 6.1 Cru<strong>de</strong> petroleum<br />

5417 Medicamentos 3.7 3.0 2.9 3.2 3.7 4.1 Medicaments<br />

5530 Productos <strong>de</strong> perfumería, cosméticos, <strong>de</strong>ntífricos y otros<br />

preparados <strong>de</strong> tocador (excepto <strong>el</strong> jabón) 1.5 1.6 2.6 2.6 3.3 3.2 Perfumery and cosmetics, <strong>de</strong>ntifrices etc.<br />

07524 Nuez moscada, macis y cardamomos 2.1 2.9 4.0 4.2 3.0 2.5 Nutmeg, mace and cardamoms<br />

8930 Artículos <strong>de</strong> materias plásticas artifi ciales, n.e.p. ... ... 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.5 Articles of artif. plastic materials, n.e.s.<br />

84111 Ropa exterior para caballeros y jóvenes, excepto la <strong>de</strong> punto ... ... ... ... 2.1 2.2 Mens and boys outer garments, not knitted<br />

5992 Insecticidas, fungicidas y <strong>de</strong>sinfectantes (incluso los preparados<br />

para <strong>el</strong> ganado lanar y vacuno) y preparados similares ... 1.6 2.1 1.6 2.2 2.0 Insectici<strong>de</strong>s, fungici<strong>de</strong>s, disinfectants<br />

05199 Otras frutas frescas ... 2.0 ... ... ... ... Other fresh fruit<br />

0545 Otras legumbres frescas ... 2.0 ... 1.5 ... ... Other fresh vegetables<br />

09905 Sopas y caldos 1.5 ... ... ... ... ... Soups and broths<br />

2218 Semillas, nueces y almendras oleaginosas, n.e.p. (excepto la<br />

harina fi na y gruesa) 1.6 ... ... ... ... ... Oil seeds, oil nuts and oil kern<strong>el</strong>s, n.e.s.<br />

2311 Caucho y gomas similares, naturales 1.9 ... ... ... ... ... Natural rubber and similar natural gums<br />

67481 Planchas y láminas, <strong>de</strong> menos <strong>de</strong> 3 mm. <strong>de</strong> espesor, <strong>de</strong> hierro o<br />

acero, revestidas (con excepción <strong>de</strong> hojalata) <strong>de</strong> hierro o acero<br />

que no sean <strong>de</strong> acero fi no al carbono o <strong>de</strong> aceros aleados ... ... 2.2 ... ... ... Plates un<strong>de</strong>r 3mm coated ex tin not h.c. or alloy<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 61.7 54.0 49.9 54.9 51.7 48.7 Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 1 923.1 2 699.1 2 412.1 2 227.1 2 634.3 2 931.3 Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 209<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.23 HONDURAS: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1, SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO<br />

HONDURAS: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1), BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

0711 Café ver<strong>de</strong> o tostado y sucedáneos <strong>de</strong>l café que contengan café 28.6 25.8 12.5 19.0 18.4 ... Coffee, green or roasted<br />

0513 Plátanos (incluso bananas) frescos 17.6 8.6 15.1 11.4 11.3 ... Bananas including plantains, fresh<br />

4222 Aceite <strong>de</strong> palma ... 1.8 ... 3.2 5.3 ... Palm oil<br />

0313 Crustáceos y moluscos, frescos, refrigerados, cong<strong>el</strong>ados,<br />

salados o <strong>de</strong>secados 13.1 13.8 16.0 6.0 4.5 ... Crustacea and molluscs, fresh, chilled, salted, dried<br />

28501 Minerales y concentrados <strong>de</strong> minerales argentíferos, platiníferos<br />

y metales <strong>de</strong>l grupo platino ... ... ... 3.8 4.1 ... Ores and conc. of silver, platinum, etc.<br />

97101 Oro (incluso oro platinado) no monetario, en bruto semilabrado<br />

o en polvo ... ... ... 4.1 3.7 ... Gold, nonraw or dust, noncurrent<br />

05199 Otras frutas frescas 2.3 3.0 3.2 2.9 3.4 ... Other fresh fruit<br />

5541 Jabones 2.2 3.1 3.9 2.8 3.3 ... Soaps<br />

05195 Frutas tropicales frescas con excepción <strong>de</strong> plátanos 1.8 ... ... ... 1.7 ... Tropical fruit other than bananas, fresh<br />

1222 Cigarrillos ... ... ... ... 1.7 ... Cigarettes<br />

0611 Azúcar <strong>de</strong> remolacha y <strong>de</strong> caña, sin refi nar (excepto los jarabes) ... ... 2.5 ... ... ... Raw sugar, beet and cane<br />

1221 Puros ... ... 2.5 ... ... ... Cigars and cheroots<br />

24321 Tablas aserradas longitudinalmente, etc., coníferas ... ... ... 2.4 ... ... Lumber, sawn lengthwise, etc., conifer<br />

2835 Mineral <strong>de</strong> zinc y sus concentrados ... 3.4 2.6 ... ... ... Ores and concentrates of zinc<br />

28407 Desperdicios y restos <strong>de</strong> zinc 2.2 ... ... ... ... ... Zinc waste and scrap<br />

6421 Bolsas <strong>de</strong> pap<strong>el</strong>, cajas <strong>de</strong> cartón y otros envases <strong>de</strong> pap<strong>el</strong> o cartón 1.5 ... ... ... ... ... Paper bags, paperboard boxes and other containers<br />

68623 Tubos y cañerías (incluso tochos para <strong>el</strong>los), barras huecas y<br />

accesorios para tuberías, <strong>de</strong> zinc ... 2.0 ... ... ... ... Tubes, pipes, blanks/fi ttings, hollow bars of zinc<br />

82109 Muebles, n.e.p. y sus partes 2.6 1.6 ... ... ... ... Furniture and parts thereof, n.e.s.<br />

84143 Ropa interior <strong>de</strong> punto no <strong>el</strong>ástico y sin cauchutar 2.2 1.7 4.5 2.4 ... ... Un<strong>de</strong>r garments knitted, not <strong>el</strong>ast. nor rubbered<br />

89293 S<strong>el</strong>los <strong>de</strong> correo y similares, billetes <strong>de</strong> banco, títulos <strong>de</strong> acciones,<br />

etc. sin emitir ... ... 4.4 ... ... ... Unissued postage stamps, banknotes, simil. docum.<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 74.1 64.8 67.2 58.0 57.4 ... Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 1 220.2 1 322.1 1 311.1 961.8 992.3 ... Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)


210 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.24 JAMAICA: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1, SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO<br />

JAMAICA: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1), BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

51365 Oxido e hidróxido <strong>de</strong> aluminio ... 55.5 54.0 55.9 ... ... Aluminium oxi<strong>de</strong> and hydroxi<strong>de</strong><br />

2833 Bauxita y concentrados <strong>de</strong> aluminio 5.3 3.6 7.8 9.7 ... ... Bauxite and concentrates of aluminium<br />

0611 Azúcar <strong>de</strong> remolacha y <strong>de</strong> caña, sin refi nar (excepto los jarabes) 7.0 6.6 5.9 5.0 ... ... Raw sugar, beet and cane<br />

1124 Bebidas alcohólicas <strong>de</strong>stiladas 1.8 2.3 2.6 3.4 ... ... Distilled alcoholic beverages<br />

51224 Alcohol etílico sin <strong>de</strong>snaturalizar, <strong>de</strong> graduación igual o superior<br />

a 80 grados y alcohol etílico <strong>de</strong>snaturalizado ... 3.0 3.6 3.3 ... ... Ethyl alcohol, un<strong>de</strong>natured and <strong>de</strong>natured spirits<br />

0711 Café ver<strong>de</strong> o tostado y sucedáneos <strong>de</strong>l café que contengan café 2.0 2.6 2.5 3.0 ... ... Coffee, green or roasted<br />

3320 Productos <strong>de</strong>rivados <strong>de</strong>l petróleo ... ... 1.2 2.7 ... ... Petroleum products<br />

0513 Plátanos (incluso bananas) frescos 3.3 1.8 1.5 1.6 ... ... Bananas including plantains, fresh<br />

05481 Raíces y tubérculos, frescos o secos; médula <strong>de</strong> sagú 1.1 1.1 1.5 1.5 ... ... Roots and tubers, fresh or dried, sago pith<br />

1123 Cerveza (incluso ale, cerveza negra fuerte, cerveza oscura fuerte) ... 1.0 ... 1.2 ... ... Beer including ale, stout, porter<br />

0313 Crustáceos y moluscos, frescos, refrigerados, cong<strong>el</strong>ados, salados<br />

o <strong>de</strong>secados 1.1 ... ... ... ... ... Crustacea and molluscs, fresh, chilled, salted, dried<br />

5136 Demás bases inorgánicas y óxidos metálicos 46.2 ... ... ... ... ... Other inorganic bases and metallic oxi<strong>de</strong>s<br />

84125 Corsés, sostenes, ligas y prendas análogas <strong>de</strong> tejidos o <strong>de</strong> punto<br />

(incluso <strong>el</strong>ásticos) 1.2 ... ... ... ... ... Corsets, suspen<strong>de</strong>rs, garters and similar articles<br />

84143 Ropa interior <strong>de</strong> punto no <strong>el</strong>ástico y sin cauchutar 16.6 10.7 6.4 ... ... ... Un<strong>de</strong>r garments knitted, not <strong>el</strong>ast. nor rubbered<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 85.6 88.2 87.0 87.3 ... ... Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 1 374.4 1 267.8 1 197.2 1 084.3 ... ... Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 211<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.25 MÉXICO: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1, SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO a<br />

MEXICO: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1), BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR a<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

33101 Petróleos crudos 9.3 8.9 7.3 8.2 10.2 11.3 Cru<strong>de</strong> petroleum<br />

7321 Vehículos automotores, montados o sin montar, para pasajeros<br />

(que no sean ni autobuses ni vehículos para usos especiales) 9.5 9.9 9.7 8.7 7.6 6.3 Passenger motor cars, other than buses<br />

7143 Máquinas <strong>de</strong> estadística que calculan a base <strong>de</strong> tarjetas<br />

perforadas o cintas ... 4.9 6.1 5.8 6.1 5.8 Statistical machines, cards or tapes<br />

73289 Otras partes para vehículos automotores, salvo motocicletas 2.8 3.5 3.5 4.1 4.2 4.4 Other parts for motor vehicles<br />

7241 Aparatos receptores <strong>de</strong> t<strong>el</strong>evisión, con o sin gramófono o radio 3.7 3.5 3.9 4.2 3.9 4.1 T<strong>el</strong>evision broadcast receivers<br />

7323 Camiones y camionetas (incluso coches ambulancias, etc.),<br />

montados o sin montar 2.3 2.9 4.1 4.0 4.0 3.5 Lorries and trucks, including ambulances, etc.<br />

72499 Otro equipo para t<strong>el</strong>ecomunicaciones 2.6 4.0 4.1 3.2 2.7 3.5 Other t<strong>el</strong>ecommunications equipment<br />

7231 Hilos y cables con aislante 4.3 4.0 3.7 3.6 3.7 3.4 Insulated wire and cable<br />

7222 Mecanismos <strong>el</strong>éctricos para la conexión, corte o protección <strong>de</strong><br />

circuitos <strong>el</strong>éctricos (conmutadores, etc.) 2.6 3.1 2.9 3.2 3.1 2.9 Apparatus for <strong>el</strong>ectrical circuits<br />

7115 Motores <strong>de</strong> combustión interna, excepto para aeronaves 3.5 ... ... ... ... 2.4 Internal combustion engines, not for aircraft<br />

7221 Máquinas generadores <strong>el</strong>éctricas 2.2 2.8 2.9 2.6 2.7 ... Electric power machinery<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 42.8 47.5 48.2 47.6 48.2 47.6 Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 79 539.8 166 438.5 158 423.4 160 668.5 165 393.2 189 180.9 Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)<br />

a Starting from 1992, the data supplied by Mexico inclu<strong>de</strong> goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

a A partir <strong>de</strong> 1992 los datos que aporta México incluyen los bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> la maquila.


212 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.26 NICARAGUA: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1, SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO<br />

NICARAGUA: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1), BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

0711 Café ver<strong>de</strong> o tostado y sucedáneos <strong>de</strong>l café que contengan café 23.5 27.1 18.5 10.9 14.2 17.4 Coffee, green or roasted<br />

0111 Carne <strong>de</strong> ganado vacuno, fresca, refrigerada o cong<strong>el</strong>ada 10.8 8.3 12.3 12.8 13.9 15.2 Meat of bovine animals, fresh, chilled or frozen<br />

0313 Crustáceos y moluscos, frescos, refrigerados, cong<strong>el</strong>ados,<br />

salados o <strong>de</strong>secados 13.7 18.8 6.2 5.6 12.1 8.2 Crustacea and molluscs, fresh, chilled, salted, dried<br />

97101 Oro (incluso oro platinado) no monetario, en bruto semilabrado<br />

o en polvo ... 3.6 5.6 5.0 5.8 6.2 Gold, nonraw or dust, noncurrent<br />

2211 Cacahuetes (maní) ver<strong>de</strong>s, con o sin cáscara (excepto la harina<br />

fi na y gruesa (indíquese <strong>el</strong> peso sin cáscara) 2.4 4.6 5.7 4.0 4.7 5.5 Groundnuts (peanuts) green, excl. fl our and meal<br />

0011 Ganado vacuno (incluso búfalos) ... 3.9 5.1 3.3 4.3 4.9 Bovine cattle including buffaloes<br />

0240 Queso y cuajada ... 3.0 ... 2.9 3.4 3.1 Cheese and curd<br />

0612 Azúcar refi nada y otros productos obtenidos en la refi nación <strong>de</strong><br />

remolacha y <strong>de</strong> caña <strong>de</strong> azúcar (excepto los jarabes) ... 4.2 6.4 ... 3.4 2.9 Refi ned sugar and other prod. of refi ning, no syrup<br />

0542 Guisantes, frijoles, lentejas y otras leguminosas, secos<br />

(incluso los partidos) ... ... 2.4 3.0 3.3 2.6 Beans, peas, lentils and leguminous vegetab., dried<br />

0611 Azúcar <strong>de</strong> remolacha y <strong>de</strong> caña, sin refi nar (excepto los jarabes) 2.5 1.5 2.6 ... ... 2.1 Raw sugar, beet and cane<br />

0223 Leche y crema, frescas (incluso sueros <strong>de</strong> mantequilla, leche<br />

<strong>de</strong>scremada, leche agria y crema agria) ... ... ... 2.7 ... ... Milk and cream, fresh<br />

03201 Preparados y conservas <strong>de</strong> pescado (incluso caviar y sus sustitutivos) 3.4 ... ... ... ... ... Prepared or preserved fi sh incl. caviar<br />

0513 Plátanos (incluso bananas) frescos 2.8 1.6 2.3 ... 2.2 ... Bananas including plantains, fresh<br />

1210 Tabaco en bruto (incluso <strong>de</strong>sperdicios y tallos <strong>de</strong> tabaco) ... ... ... 2.7 ... ... Tobacco, unmanufactured and scrap<br />

86169 Aparatos y material fotográfi cos, n.e.p. 4.4 ... ... ... ... ... Photographic equipment, n.e.s.<br />

8912 Discos fonográfi cos, cintas grabadas, otros soportes <strong>de</strong> sonido<br />

impresionados y soportes <strong>de</strong> sonido preparados, pero sin grabar 2.4 ... ... ... ... ... Phonograph records, recor<strong>de</strong>d tapes, other sound rec.<br />

89594 Cintas para máquinas <strong>de</strong> escribir y análogas, y tampones<br />

impregnados o no 5.5 ... ... ... ... ... Type writter and similar ribbons and ink pads<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 71.4 76.6 67.1 52.9 67.3 68.1 Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 509.2 629.3 532.1 634.8 605.1 727.4 Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 213<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.27 PANAMÁ: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1, SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO<br />

PANAMA: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1), BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

0311 Pescado fresco, refrigerado o cong<strong>el</strong>ado 3.4 17.9 22.6 27.8 35.9 35.5 Fish, fresh, chilled or frozen<br />

0513 Plátanos (incluso bananas) frescos 33.2 19.3 15.2 14.6 13.2 12.2 Bananas including plantains, fresh<br />

0313 Crustáceos y moluscos, frescos, refrigerados, cong<strong>el</strong>ados,<br />

salados o <strong>de</strong>secados 16.6 10.3 11.6 10.2 9.0 8.4 Crustacea and molluscs, fresh, chilled, salted, dried<br />

05199 Otras frutas frescas 2.3 2.1 3.2 5.4 6.0 8.0 Other fresh fruit<br />

0312 Pescado salado, seco o ahumado, pero sin otra preparación ... 3.2 2.7 2.0 2.6 3.0 Fish, salted, dried or smoked<br />

03202 Crustáceos y moluscos, preparados o conservados ... ... 1.9 2.8 2.4 2.4 Crustacea and molluscs, prepared or preserved<br />

2820 Chatarra <strong>de</strong> hierro y acero ... ... ... ... ... 2.3 Iron and ste<strong>el</strong> scrap<br />

0111 Carne <strong>de</strong> ganado vacuno, fresca, refrigerada o cong<strong>el</strong>ada ... ... ... 1.9 ... 1.6 Meat of bovine animals, fresh, chilled or frozen<br />

0011 Ganado vacuno (incluso búfalos) ... 2.2 4.6 ... 2.3 1.5 Bovine cattle including buffaloes<br />

5417 Medicamentos 2.8 2.1 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.5 Medicaments<br />

0611 Azúcar <strong>de</strong> remolacha y <strong>de</strong> caña, sin refi nar (excepto los jarabes) 3.1 2.6 ... 2.0 1.6 ... Raw sugar, beet and cane<br />

0711 Café ver<strong>de</strong> o tostado y sucedáneos <strong>de</strong>l café que contengan café 5.8 ... ... ... 1.6 ... Coffee, green or roasted<br />

09904 Salsas y condimentos compuestos para sazonar 1.8 ... ... ... ... ... Sauces, mixed seasonings<br />

1221 Puros ... 4.9 3.1 ... ... ... Cigars and cheroots<br />

3320 Productos <strong>de</strong>rivados <strong>de</strong>l petróleo 3.2 6.8 7.1 6.2 ... ... Petroleum products<br />

84113 Ropa interior para caballeros y jóvenes, excepto la <strong>de</strong> punto 2.5 ... ... ... ... ... Men’s/boy’s un<strong>de</strong>r garments, not knitted/crochet<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 74.7 71.4 73.9 74.8 76.4 76.4 Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 572.8 771.3 807.9 753.3 798.8 890.3 Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)


214 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.28 PARAGUAY: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1, SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO<br />

PARAGUAY: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1), BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

2214 Soya (excepto la harina fi na y gruesa) 19.1 32.8 36.0 35.8 41.6 35.6 Soya beans<br />

0813 Tortas y harinas <strong>de</strong> semillas oleaginosas y otros residuos <strong>de</strong><br />

aceite vegetal 4.4 8.8 ... 12.7 10.4 10.9 Oil seed cake and meal and other veg. oil residues<br />

0111 Carne <strong>de</strong> ganado vacuno, fresca, refrigerada o cong<strong>el</strong>ada 5.2 8.1 7.7 7.5 4.8 9.7 Meat of bovine animals, fresh, chilled or frozen<br />

2631 Algodón en rama, excepto la borra 29.2 9.0 8.4 3.8 4.7 7.7 Raw cotton, other than linters<br />

4212 Aceite <strong>de</strong> soya 6.3 3.6 4.3 7.5 6.7 6.8 Soya bean oil<br />

6114 Cueros <strong>de</strong> otros bovinos y pi<strong>el</strong>es <strong>de</strong> equinos, curtidos 3.9 2.8 3.4 4.3 ... 3.3 Leather of other bovine cattle and equine leather<br />

0410 Trigo (incluso escanda) y comuña sin moler ... ... ... ... 2.2 2.3 Wheat and meslin, unmilled<br />

24332 Tablas cepilladas, con lengüetas, machihembradas, etc., no coníferas 3.0 3.5 3.4 3.4 2.5 2.2 Lumber, planed, tongued, grooved, etc., non conifer<br />

0440 Maíz sin moler 2.4 2.5 4.2 2.8 5.1 2.1 Maize (corn), unmilled<br />

2218 Semillas, nueces y almendras oleaginosas, n.e.p. (excepto la harina<br />

fi na y gruesa) ... ... ... ... ... 1.5 Oil seeds, oil nuts and oil kern<strong>el</strong>s, n.e.s.<br />

1210 Tabaco en bruto (incluso <strong>de</strong>sperdicios y tallos <strong>de</strong> tabaco) ... ... 8.6 ... ... ... Tobacco, unmanufactured and scrap<br />

1222 Cigarrillos ... ... 1.6 1.3 1.1 ... Cigarettes<br />

24331 Tablas aserradas longitudinalmente, etc., no coníferas 3.2 1.8 ... ... ... ... Lumber, sawn lengthwise, etc., non conifer<br />

6113 Pi<strong>el</strong>es <strong>de</strong> becerro curtidas ... 3.1 2.0 1.2 3.9 ... Calf leather<br />

63121 Ma<strong>de</strong>ra terciada, etc. y ma<strong>de</strong>ra contrachapada; ma<strong>de</strong>ra con<br />

trabajo <strong>de</strong> marquetería 1.7 ... ... ... ... ... Plywood, etc. and veneered pan<strong>el</strong>s, inlaid wood<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 78.4 76.0 79.6 80.3 83.0 82.1 Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 919.3 870.9 990.2 950.6 1 241.5 1 625.6 Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 215<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.29 PERÚ: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1, SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO<br />

PERU: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1), BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

97101 Oro (incluso oro platinado) no monetario, en bruto<br />

semilabrado o en polvo 8.5 16.7 17.1 19.6 23.1 18.6 Gold, nonraw or dust, noncurrent<br />

68212 Cobre refi nado (incluido <strong>el</strong> refundido) 14.2 10.8 10.2 9.5 9.1 10.5 Refi ned copper including rem<strong>el</strong>ted<br />

28311 Mineral y concentrados <strong>de</strong> cobre 3.2 2.0 3.2 5.7 4.8 9.1 Ores and concentrates of copper<br />

0814 Harina <strong>de</strong> carne (incluso <strong>el</strong> residuo <strong>de</strong> grasas) y harina<br />

<strong>de</strong> pescado, impropios para la alimentación humana 13.3 12.7 12.3 10.9 8.5 7.9 Meat and fi sh meal, unfi t for human consumption<br />

84143 Ropa interior <strong>de</strong> punto no <strong>el</strong>ástico y sin cauchutar ... 4.9 4.5 4.3 4.5 4.2 Un<strong>de</strong>r garments knitted, not <strong>el</strong>ast. nor rubbered<br />

3320 Productos <strong>de</strong>rivados <strong>de</strong>l petróleo 2.4 4.0 4.3 4.1 4.6 4.1 Petroleum products<br />

2835 Mineral <strong>de</strong> zinc y sus concentrados 4.3 5.1 5.2 4.5 4.9 4.0 Ores and concentrates of zinc<br />

28393 Minerales <strong>de</strong> titanio, vanadio, molib<strong>de</strong>no, tántalo, zirconio,<br />

y sus concentrados ... ... ... ... ... 3.3 Ores and conc. of titanium, vanadium, molyb<strong>de</strong>m, etc.<br />

84144 Prendas exteriores <strong>de</strong> punto no <strong>el</strong>ástico y sin cauchutar ... ... ... 2.2 2.3 2.4 Outer garments knitted, not <strong>el</strong>ast. nor rubbered<br />

0711 Café ver<strong>de</strong> o tostado y sucedáneos <strong>de</strong>l café que contengan café 5.3 3.3 2.6 2.5 ... 2.4 Coffee, green or roasted<br />

2834 Mineral <strong>de</strong> plomo y sus concentrados 3.3 ... ... ... ... ... Ores and concentrates of lead<br />

33101 Petróleos crudos 2.6 ... ... ... 3.0 ... Cru<strong>de</strong> petroleum<br />

68111 Plata en bruto o semilabrada, con excepción <strong>de</strong> los chapados ... 2.6 2.3 2.3 2.2 ... Silver, unwrought or partly worked, not rolled<br />

68211 Cobre blister y <strong>de</strong>más cobre sin refi nar 4.5 ... ... ... ... ... Blister copper and other unrefi ned copper<br />

6861 Zinc y sus aleaciones, sin forjar ... 2.8 2.3 ... ... ... Zinc and zinc alloys, unwrought<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 61.6 64.9 64.0 65.6 67.0 66.5 Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 5 439.5 6 865.6 6 825.2 7 490.0 8 748.9 12 083.0 Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)


216 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.30 TRINIDAD Y TABAGO: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1, SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO<br />

TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1), BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 a 2004<br />

3320 Productos <strong>de</strong>rivados <strong>de</strong>l petróleo 30.1 38.9 29.5 30.1 30.2 ... Petroleum products<br />

3411 Gas natural 2.6 13.0 10.1 14.5 20.6 ... Gas, natural<br />

51361 Amoníaco licuado o en solución 10.8 8.4 8.5 8.7 8.5 ... Ammonia, anhydrous or in aqueous solution<br />

33101 Petróleos crudos 16.2 13.4 9.3 15.5 8.3 ... Cru<strong>de</strong> petroleum<br />

5214 Aceites y <strong>de</strong>más productos <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>stilación <strong>de</strong> los alquitranes<br />

<strong>de</strong> hulla ... ... 3.0 ... 6.1 ... Oils and other prod. of the distillation/coal tar<br />

51221 Alcohol metílico (metanol) ... 6.2 5.0 4.9 5.8 ... Methyl alcohol (methanol)<br />

67311 Fermachín (varillas para fabricar alambre) <strong>de</strong> hierro o <strong>de</strong> acero<br />

que no sean <strong>de</strong> acero fi no al carbono o <strong>de</strong> aceros aleados 7.6 3.6 3.1 4.5 3.0 ... Wire rod iron ste<strong>el</strong> not high carbon or alloy<br />

67133 Esponja <strong>de</strong> hierro o <strong>de</strong> acero 1.7 1.7 2.1 3.6 2.6 ... Sponge iron or ste<strong>el</strong><br />

5611 Abonos nitrogenados y productos fertilizantes nitrogenados<br />

(excepto los naturales), n.e.p. 3.9 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.5 ... Nitrogenous fertilizers and materials, n.e.s.<br />

1124 Bebidas alcohólicas <strong>de</strong>stiladas ... ... ... ... 0.9 ... Distilled alcoholic beverages<br />

0611 Azúcar <strong>de</strong> remolacha y <strong>de</strong> caña, sin refi nar (excepto los jarabes) 1.7 0.8 ... ... ... ... Raw sugar, beet and cane<br />

11102 Limonadas y aguas aromatizadas no alcohólicas (con exclusión<br />

<strong>de</strong> los jugos que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> subgrupo 0535) 1.5 1.0 ... 1.3 ... ... Lemona<strong>de</strong> and fl avoured waters, non alcoholic<br />

51222 Demás alcoholes acíclicos y sus <strong>de</strong>rivados 8.7 ... ... ... ... ... Other acyclic alcohols and <strong>de</strong>rivatives<br />

71931 Máquinas para levantar y cargar merca<strong>de</strong>rías ... ... ... 1.0 ... ... Lifting and loading machinery<br />

73592 Barcos para misiones especiales (barcos-faros, dragas, etc.) ... ... 12.6 ... ... ... Special purpose vess<strong>el</strong>s (e.g. light vess. dredgers)<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 84.8 88.4 84.5 85.7 87.5 ... Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 2 404.7 4 273.3 5 113.0 3 853.1 5 364.5 ... Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)<br />

a a Incluye las re-exportaciones.<br />

Inclu<strong>de</strong>s re-exports.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 217<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.31 URUGUAY: EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1, SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO<br />

URUGUAY: EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1), BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

0111 Carne <strong>de</strong> ganado vacuno, fresca, refrigerada o cong<strong>el</strong>ada 10.1 15.5 10.1 13.5 16.3 20.6 Meat of bovine animals, fresh, chilled or frozen<br />

6114 Cueros <strong>de</strong> otros bovinos y pi<strong>el</strong>es <strong>de</strong> equinos, curtidos 7.4 9.3 11.1 11.1 10.1 8.0 Leather of other bovine cattle and equine leather<br />

3320 Productos <strong>de</strong>rivados <strong>de</strong>l petróleo ... ... ... ... ... 4.4 Petroleum products<br />

0422 Arroz abrillantado o pulido, pero sin otra <strong>el</strong>aboración<br />

(incluso arroz quebrado) 6.1 5.0 5.7 5.3 5.2 4.3 Rice, glazed or polished, not further prepared<br />

2628 Tapas <strong>de</strong> lana 9.5 4.8 6.1 7.1 5.5 3.7 Wool tops<br />

0311 Pescado fresco, refrigerado o cong<strong>el</strong>ado 3.9 3.5 3.7 4.4 3.9 3.6 Fish, fresh, chilled or frozen<br />

2214 Soya (excepto la harina fi na y gruesa) ... ... ... ... ... 2.8 Soya beans<br />

0482 Malta (incluso la harina <strong>de</strong> malta) 2.6 ... 2.5 2.6 2.4 2.5 Malt including malt fl our<br />

0222 Leche y crema (incluso sueros <strong>de</strong> mantequilla, leche<br />

<strong>de</strong>scremada y crema agria), <strong>de</strong>secadas (en forma sólida,<br />

como pastillas o polvo) ... 2.0 2.4 3.3 2.7 2.3 Milk and cream in solid form, blocks or pow<strong>de</strong>r<br />

8930 Artículos <strong>de</strong> materias plásticas artifi ciales, n.e.p. ... ... ... ... ... 2.2 Articles of artif. plastic materials, n.e.s.<br />

0011 Ganado vacuno (incluso búfalos) 4.3 ... ... ... ... ... Bovine cattle including buffaloes<br />

0240 Queso y cuajada ... 1.9 2.3 ... ... ... Cheese and curd<br />

0421 Arroz con cáscara o <strong>de</strong>scascarado, pero sin mayor <strong>el</strong>aboración ... 2.2 2.5 2.3 3.3 ... Rice in the husk or not, not further prepared<br />

0511 Naranjas, tangerinas o mandarinas y clementinas 1.9 ... ... ... ... ... Oranges, tangerines and clementines<br />

1222 Cigarrillos ... 2.6 ... 2.0 ... ... Cigarettes<br />

2218 Semillas, nueces y almendras oleaginosas, n.e.p.<br />

(excepto la harina fi na y gruesa) ... ... ... ... 2.4 ... Oil seeds, oil nuts and oil kern<strong>el</strong>s, n.e.s.<br />

24231 Troncos para aserrar y hacer chapas en bruto, no coníferas ... ... ... 2.3 2.1 ... Sawlogs and veneer logs, in the rough, non conifer<br />

65321 Tejidos <strong>de</strong> lana o <strong>de</strong> p<strong>el</strong>os fi nos distintos <strong>de</strong> los tejidos<br />

aterciop<strong>el</strong>ados y <strong>de</strong> oruga 2.7 ... ... ... ... ... Fabrics, woven, of wool or animal hair<br />

7321 Vehículos automotores, montados o sin montar, para pasajeros<br />

(que no sean ni autobuses ni vehículos para usos especiales) 3.2 4.2 3.3 ... ... ... Passenger motor cars, other than buses<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 51.7 51.0 49.7 53.9 53.9 54.4 Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 2 106.2 2 299.4 2 057.5 1 860.9 2 205.8 2 918.1 Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)


218 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.32 VENEZUELA (REPÚBLICA BOLIVARIANA DE): EXPORTACIÓN DE LOS 10 PRODUCTOS PRINCIPALES CONFORME A LA CUCI REV.1,<br />

SEGÚN PARTICIPACIÓN PORCENTUAL EN CADA AÑO<br />

VENEZUELA (BOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OF): EXPORTS OF THE 10 LEADING PRODUCTS (SITC, REV. 1),<br />

BY THEIR PERCENTAGE SHARE EACH YEAR<br />

(Productos principales / Leading products)<br />

1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004<br />

33101 Petróleos crudos 45.3 58.9 58.3 76.4 81.0 57.6 Cru<strong>de</strong> petroleum<br />

3320 Productos <strong>de</strong>rivados <strong>de</strong>l petróleo 31.0 26.6 23.7 2.5 ... 23.9 Petroleum products<br />

6841 Aluminio y sus aleaciones, sin forjar 3.9 2.0 2.4 2.7 2.2 2.0 Aluminium and aluminium alloys, unwrought<br />

67133 Esponja <strong>de</strong> hierro o <strong>de</strong> acero 0.6 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.9 Sponge iron or ste<strong>el</strong><br />

67431 Planchas y láminas, <strong>de</strong> menos <strong>de</strong> 3 mm. <strong>de</strong> espesor, <strong>de</strong> hierro o<br />

acero, no revestidas <strong>de</strong> hierro o <strong>de</strong> acero que no sean <strong>de</strong> acero<br />

fi no al carbono o <strong>de</strong> aceros aleados 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.9 Plates un<strong>de</strong>r 3mm uncoated not high carbon or alloy<br />

6715 Otras ferroaleaciones ... ... ... ... 0.8 0.9 Other ferro alloys<br />

67251 Hierro y acero en <strong>de</strong>sbastes cuadrados o rectangulares (« blooms »)<br />

y palanquilla; <strong>de</strong>sbastes planos (« slabs ») y llantón y piezas <strong>de</strong><br />

hierro o acero simplemente forjadas <strong>de</strong> hierro o acero que no<br />

sean <strong>de</strong> acero fi no al carbono o <strong>de</strong> aceros aleados ... ... ... ... ... 0.6 Blooms etc., iron or ste<strong>el</strong> not high carbon or alloy<br />

67271 Desbastes en rollos para r<strong>el</strong>aminación <strong>de</strong> hierro o <strong>de</strong> acero <strong>de</strong> hierro<br />

o <strong>de</strong> acero que no sean <strong>de</strong> acero fi no al carbono o <strong>de</strong> aceros aleados ... ... ... 0.7 ... 0.5 Coils for rerolling iron ste<strong>el</strong> not high carbon or alloy<br />

68421 Barras, varillas, ángulos, perfi les, secciones y alambre <strong>de</strong> aluminio ... ... ... ... ... 0.5 Bars, rods, angles, shapes and wire of aluminium<br />

73289 Otras partes para vehículos automotores, salvo motocicletas ... 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.5 Other parts for motor vehicles<br />

0313 Crustáceos y moluscos, frescos, refrigerados, cong<strong>el</strong>ados, salados<br />

o <strong>de</strong>secados ... 0.4 ... ... ... ... Crustacea and molluscs, fresh, chilled, salted, dried<br />

3214 Carbón (antracita, hullas) 0.6 0.5 1.0 1.2 0.8 ... Coal (anthracite, bituminous)<br />

51221 Alcohol metílico (metanol) 0.7 ... 0.5 ... 0.7 ... Methyl alcohol (methanol)<br />

51231 Eteres-óxidos, éteres-óxidos-alcoholes, éteres-óxidos-fenoles,<br />

peróxidos <strong>de</strong> alcoholes, peróxidos <strong>de</strong> éteres y sus <strong>de</strong>rivados ... 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.4 ... Ethers, ether/alcohols/phenols/peroxi<strong>de</strong>s and <strong>de</strong>riv.<br />

5812 Productos <strong>de</strong> polimerización y copolimerización<br />

(v.g., polietilenos, poliestireno, <strong>de</strong>rivados<br />

polivinílicos, etc., resinas <strong>de</strong> cumarona-in<strong>de</strong>no) 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 ... ... Products of polymerization and copolymerization<br />

7321 Vehículos automotores, montados o sin montar, para pasajeros<br />

(que no sean ni autobuses ni vehículos para usos especiales) 1.2 ... ... ... ... ... Passenger motor cars, other than buses<br />

7323 Camiones y camionetas (incluso coches ambulancias, etc.),<br />

montados o sin montar 0.6 ... ... ... ... ... Lorries and trucks, including ambulances, etc.<br />

73592 Barcos para misiones especiales (barcos-faros, dragas, etc.) ... ... ... ... 0.5 ... Special purpose vess<strong>el</strong>s (e.g. light vess. dredgers)<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> los productos principales (%) 85.1 91.4 89.3 87.4 88.7 89.3 Average share of leading products (%)<br />

Exportaciones al mundo (millones <strong>de</strong> dólares) 18 914.1 30 948.0 25 304.1 23 986.9 24 974.0 33 625.7 Exports to the world market (millions of dollars)


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 219<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.33 EXPORTACIONES DE BIENES SEGÚN SECTORES DE ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA: AGRICULTURA, CAZA, SILVICULTURA Y PESCA<br />

EXPORTS OF GOODS BY SECTOR OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY: AGRICULTURE, HUNTING, FORESTRY AND FISHING<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 5 105.1 5 290.4 5 976.1 5 140.7 6 323.5 6 564.6 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 123.1 111.8 53.5 61.4 94.5 132.0 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 4 479.2 5 552.3 6 516.2 6 695.5 8 613.2 11 306.3 Brazil<br />

Chile 2 459.7 3 086.9 3 219.2 3 180.6 3 713.5 4 130.6 Chile<br />

Colombia 3 055.9 2 403.4 2 057.2 2 110.7 2 128.8 2 501.2 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 1 518.2 1 355.9 1 232.2 1 224.6 1 378.1 1 470.8 Costa Rica<br />

Ecuador 2 022.0 1 531.3 1 635.6 1 844.7 2 103.2 2 073.8 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 454.9 354.8 167.8 157.8 165.3 172.0 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 911.8 1 160.1 835.2 773.5 805.1 876.8 Guatemala<br />

Honduras 826.4 754.5 686.7 460.5 450.1 ... Honduras<br />

México a 4 615.5 4 790.6 4 469.7 4 228.2 5 174.3 5 871.0 Mexico a<br />

Nicaragua 264.7 388.0 245.2 230.7 281.1 331.1 Nicaragua<br />

Paraguay 496.2 418.5 587.4 447.2 691.9 826.3 Paraguay<br />

Perú 580.9 551.0 557.1 612.4 665.4 927.9 Peru<br />

Uruguay 363.2 275.4 284.9 285.2 419.5 537.0 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 165.6 226.1 183.3 161.2 105.7 142.7 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

Total 27 442.4 28 251.0 28 707.3 27 614.9 33 113.2 37 864.1 Total<br />

ALADI b 23 466.4 24 237.7 25 540.2 24 767.8 30 033.5 35 013.4 LAIA b<br />

Comunidad Andina c 5 947.5 4 823.6 4 486.7 4 790.4 5 097.6 5 777.6 An<strong>de</strong>an Community c<br />

Mercosur d 10 443.7 11 536.6 13 364.6 12 568.6 16 048.1 19 234.2 MERCOSUR d<br />

Mercosur, Bolivia y Chile e 13 026.5 14 735.3 16 637.3 15 810.6 19 856.1 23 496.8 MERCOSUR, Bolivia and Chile e<br />

MCCA f 3 976.0 4 013.3 3 167.1 2 847.1 3 079.7 2 850.7 CACM f<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay,<br />

Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.<br />

d Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

e Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

f Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, México, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong><br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a y Uruguay.<br />

c Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a.<br />

d Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

e Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

f Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua.


220 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.34 EXPORTACIONES DE BIENES SEGÚN SECTORES DE ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA: EXPLOTACIÓN DE MINAS Y CANTERAS<br />

EXPORTS OF GOODS BY SECTOR OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY: MINING AND QUARRYING<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 1 697.1 3 605.5 3 353.3 3 328.0 3 678.8 4 172.7 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 384.0 423.2 479.5 528.1 715.0 1 090.1 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 2 933.3 3 661.3 4 087.2 5 197.9 6 187.4 8 253.9 Brazil<br />

Chile 2 559.7 2 868.8 2 628.1 2 222.6 3 032.8 6 523.3 Chile<br />

Colombia 2 490.0 4 877.1 3 777.9 3 574.9 3 900.1 4 819.8 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 3.9 3.2 2.2 2.4 2.5 1.4 Costa Rica<br />

Ecuador 1 398.3 2 144.6 1 722.9 1 839.2 2 373.0 3 899.4 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 0.8 0.7 1.8 1.2 1.5 1.5 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 40.5 167.4 106.3 153.7 192.0 202.6 Guatemala<br />

Honduras 0.5 57.3 49.5 50.4 50.9 ... Honduras<br />

México a 8 078.1 15 454.0 12 077.0 13 496.0 17 328.0 22 306.0 Mexico a<br />

Nicaragua 0.3 - 0.1 0.6 1.3 1.5 Nicaragua<br />

Paraguay 1.0 0.6 0.9 0.2 0.5 0.8 Paraguay<br />

Perú 1 011.7 911.4 993.7 1 262.1 1 491.9 2 552.3 Peru<br />

Uruguay 4.5 2.9 2.9 1.4 1.4 2.5 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 8 718.4 18 506.0 15 123.0 18 739.0 20 532.0 19 680.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

Total 29 322.0 52 683.0 44 407.0 50 397.0 59 489.0 73 508.0 Total<br />

ALADI b 29 276.0 52 455.0 44 247.0 50 189.0 59 240.0 73 301.0 LAIA b<br />

Comunidad Andina c 14 002.0 26 862.0 22 097.0 25 943.0 29 012.0 32 042.0 An<strong>de</strong>an Community c<br />

Mercosur d 4 635.9 7 270.3 7 444.3 8 527.5 9 868.1 12 430.0 MERCOSUR d<br />

Mercosur, Bolivia y Chile e 7 579.6 10 562.0 10 552.0 11 278.0 13 616.0 20 043.0 MERCOSUR, Bolivia and Chile e<br />

MCCA f 46.0 228.6 159.9 208.3 248.2 207.0 CACM f<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay,<br />

Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.<br />

d Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

e Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

f Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, México, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong><br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a y Uruguay.<br />

c Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a.<br />

d Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

e Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

f Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 221<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.35 EXPORTACIONES DE BIENES SEGÚN SECTORES DE ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA: INDUSTRIAS DE ALIMENTOS, BEBIDAS Y TABACO<br />

EXPORTS OF GOODS BY SECTOR OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY: FOOD, BEVERAGE AND TOBACCO INDUSTRIES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 5 961.7 6 372.3 5 987.2 6 723.3 8 480.7 10 138.7 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 138.3 319.0 347.0 378.1 410.3 483.8 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 9 141.9 7 533.6 9 900.3 10 471.2 12 799.9 16 443.9 Brazil<br />

Chile 1 868.0 1 737.6 2 106.9 1 962.6 2 233.4 2 801.5 Chile<br />

Colombia 609.0 708.3 814.5 790.0 865.0 1 063.4 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 326.1 452.5 454.4 487.8 541.0 664.4 Costa Rica<br />

Ecuador 346.6 480.5 564.6 617.4 787.2 761.5 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 114.6 219.5 262.4 253.0 266.5 306.2 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 420.2 451.3 484.0 493.2 524.4 553.5 Guatemala<br />

Honduras 70.9 120.6 151.8 140.3 171.4 ... Honduras<br />

México a 1 833.4 3 510.0 3 690.9 4 035.3 4 181.4 4 718.9 Mexico a<br />

Nicaragua 113.4 149.2 172.9 212.2 198.5 252.1 Nicaragua<br />

Paraguay 178.4 230.4 185.8 315.3 335.3 531.5 Paraguay<br />

Perú 1 045.1 1 231.1 1 217.8 1 214.5 1 198.6 1 574.3 Peru<br />

Uruguay 649.1 870.6 698.7 696.1 832.0 1 182.1 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 377.6 258.8 270.2 240.0 166.1 156.6 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

Total 23 194.3 24 645.3 27 309.4 29 030.3 33 991.7 41 632.4 Total<br />

ALADI b 22 149.1 23 252.2 25 783.9 27 443.8 32 289.9 39 856.2 LAIA b<br />

Comunidad Andina c 2 516.6 2 997.7 3 214.1 3 240.0 3 427.2 4 039.6 An<strong>de</strong>an Community c<br />

Mercosur d 15 931.1 15 006.9 16 772.0 18 205.9 22 447.9 28 296.2 MERCOSUR d<br />

Mercosur, Bolivia y Chile e 17 937.4 17 063.5 19 225.9 20 546.6 25 091.6 31 581.5 MERCOSUR, Bolivia and Chile e<br />

MCCA f 1 045.2 1 393.1 1 525.5 1 586.5 1 701.8 1 776.2 CACM f<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay,<br />

Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, México, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong><br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a y Uruguay.<br />

c Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a.<br />

d Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

e Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

f Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.<br />

d Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

e Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

f Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua.


222 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.36 EXPORTACIONES DE BIENES SEGÚN SECTORES DE ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA: OTRAS INDUSTRIAS, PRINCIPALMENTE DE BIENES DE CONSUMO NO DURADEROS<br />

EXPORTS OF GOODS BY SECTOR OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY: OTHER MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES, MAINLY OF NON-DURABLE CONSUMER GOODS<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 1 986.7 1 605.6 1 584.3 1 370.0 1 399.5 1 621.5 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 126.0 140.3 126.5 131.2 143.2 172.5 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 4 022.7 4 345.8 4 451.5 4 428.6 5 080.5 6 091.1 Brazil<br />

Chile 416.2 371.7 412.7 315.2 276.7 352.4 Chile<br />

Colombia 1 718.1 1 331.3 1 446.8 1 285.0 1 433.7 1 830.4 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 181.9 551.1 523.8 546.6 463.0 464.7 Costa Rica<br />

Ecuador 73.2 94.4 111.3 101.1 115.2 133.8 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 135.5 208.4 202.7 214.7 221.6 288.7 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 105.4 161.8 146.0 112.7 225.9 269.9 Guatemala<br />

Honduras 110.1 79.1 187.0 74.2 51.3 ... Honduras<br />

México a 7 558.6 18 164.5 16 616.9 17 110.8 16 293.9 17 352.2 Mexico a<br />

Nicaragua 57.8 11.8 12.8 16.9 11.5 13.6 Nicaragua<br />

Paraguay 98.7 101.4 97.7 83.9 91.6 108.7 Paraguay<br />

Perú 522.2 776.4 761.4 792.0 952.0 1 251.2 Peru<br />

Uruguay 673.3 560.5 557.4 494.3 528.7 547.4 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 142.6 87.4 82.8 96.2 70.1 74.3 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

Total 17 929.0 28 591.5 27 321.6 27 173.4 27 358.4 30 572.4 Total<br />

ALADI b 17 338.3 27 579.3 26 249.3 26 208.3 26 385.1 29 535.5 LAIA b<br />

Comunidad Andina c 2 582.1 2 429.8 2 528.8 2 405.5 2 714.2 3 462.2 An<strong>de</strong>an Community c<br />

Mercosur d 6 781.4 6 613.3 6 690.9 6 376.8 7 100.3 8 368.7 MERCOSUR d<br />

Mercosur, Bolivia y Chile e 7 323.6 7 125.3 7 230.1 6 823.2 7 520.2 8 893.6 MERCOSUR, Bolivia and Chile e<br />

MCCA f 590.7 1 012.2 1 072.3 965.1 973.3 1 036.9 CACM f<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay,<br />

Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.<br />

d Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

e Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

f Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, México, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong><br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a y Uruguay.<br />

c Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a.<br />

d Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

e Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

f Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 223<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.37 EXPORTACIONES DE BIENES SEGÚN SECTORES DE ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA: INDUSTRIAS, PRINCIPALMENTE DE BIENES INTERMEDIOS<br />

EXPORTS OF GOODS BY SECTOR OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY: MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES, MAINLY OF INTERMEDIATE GOODS<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 3 592.8 5 356.8 5 566.3 6 102.1 6 941.1 8 441.0 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 365.6 258.0 226.1 218.3 228.1 304.4 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 15 569.6 16 493.0 15 428.0 17 634.1 22 130.0 28 514.1 Brazil<br />

Chile 8 023.2 9 121.5 9 291.4 8 698.3 9 801.9 15 851.0 Chile<br />

Colombia 1 938.3 3 075.3 3 188.4 3 282.5 4 088.1 5 277.5 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 421.6 723.1 802.9 830.7 874.2 994.0 Costa Rica<br />

Ecuador 409.6 553.4 450.0 520.1 578.4 701.2 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 233.6 443.4 469.0 509.9 511.3 579.3 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 391.3 630.8 700.0 591.4 746.6 873.2 Guatemala<br />

Honduras 156.4 255.4 200.9 201.5 219.5 ... Honduras<br />

México a 12 748.4 16 813.6 15 599.9 16 249.9 17 336.5 21 778.2 Mexico a<br />

Nicaragua 40.0 74.3 91.6 131.0 103.0 117.5 Nicaragua<br />

Paraguay 135.1 112.8 111.9 98.3 114.7 141.7 Paraguay<br />

Perú 2 219.6 3 298.0 3 136.3 3 494.0 4 330.7 5 632.3 Peru<br />

Uruguay 271.4 374.5 357.0 288.7 348.5 553.7 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 8 875.1 11 375.5 9 139.1 4 054.0 3 282.6 12 665.2 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

Total 55 391.6 68 959.4 64 758.8 62 904.8 71 635.2 102 424.3 Total<br />

ALADI b 54 148.7 66 832.4 62 494.4 60 640.3 69 180.6 99 860.3 LAIA b<br />

Comunidad Andina c 13 808.2 18 560.2 16 139.9 11 568.9 12 507.9 24 580.6 An<strong>de</strong>an Community c<br />

Mercosur d 19 568.9 22 337.1 21 463.2 24 123.2 29 534.3 37 650.5 MERCOSUR d<br />

Mercosur, Bolivia y Chile e 27 957.7 31 716.6 30 980.7 33 039.8 39 564.3 53 805.9 MERCOSUR, Bolivia and Chile e<br />

MCCA f 1 242.9 2 127.0 2 264.4 2 264.5 2 454.6 2 564.0 CACM f<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay,<br />

Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, México, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong><br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a y Uruguay.<br />

c Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a.<br />

d Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

e Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

f Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.<br />

d Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

e Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

f Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua.


224 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.38 EXPORTACIONES DE BIENES SEGÚN SECTORES DE ACTIVIDAD ECONÓMICA: INDUSTRIAS METALMECÁNICAS<br />

EXPORTS OF GOODS BY SECTOR OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY: METAL MANUFACTURES AND MACHINERY INDUSTRIES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 2 607.3 3 603.8 3 580.0 2 871.4 3 035.3 3 455.5 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 41.2 219.9 117.1 51.7 82.7 68.8 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 9 734.7 16 420.9 16 647.4 15 820.9 18 156.0 25 719.0 Brazil<br />

Chile 362.1 617.7 640.3 529.0 488.7 614.3 Chile<br />

Colombia 388.7 717.4 1 013.3 843.4 602.3 1 140.5 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 120.1 2 400.9 1 699.9 1 857.7 2 540.8 2 356.9 Costa Rica<br />

Ecuador 111.4 122.2 162.9 118.8 265.4 182.9 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 45.5 90.7 95.5 92.7 80.8 120.6 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 53.8 127.4 119.9 102.6 140.1 155.2 Guatemala<br />

Honduras 55.3 53.7 34.2 34.8 48.9 ... Honduras<br />

México a 44 521.0 107 565.6 105 819.3 105 404.1 104 899.9 116 894.9 Mexico a<br />

Nicaragua 33.0 5.8 9.1 42.0 9.1 11.0 Nicaragua<br />

Paraguay 9.9 7.3 6.5 5.7 7.5 16.7 Paraguay<br />

Perú 59.6 96.1 157.2 114.0 109.0 143.0 Peru<br />

Uruguay 135.4 206.2 147.2 89.6 71.9 94.9 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 634.7 493.6 503.7 682.6 804.8 891.3 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

Total 58 913.7 132 749.2 130 753.5 128 661.0 131 343.2 151 865.5 Total<br />

ALADI b 58 606.0 130 070.7 128 794.9 126 531.2 128 523.5 149 221.8 LAIA b<br />

Comunidad Andina c 1 235.6 1 649.2 1 954.2 1 810.5 1 864.2 2 426.5 An<strong>de</strong>an Community c<br />

Mercosur d 12 487.3 20 238.2 20 381.1 18 787.6 21 270.7 29 286.1 MERCOSUR d<br />

Mercosur, Bolivia y Chile e 12 890.6 21 075.8 21 138.5 19 368.3 21 842.1 29 969.2 MERCOSUR, Bolivia and Chile e<br />

MCCA f 307.7 2 678.5 1 958.6 2 129.8 2 819.7 2 643.7 CACM f<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay,<br />

Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, México, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong><br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a y Uruguay.<br />

c Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a.<br />

d Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

e Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

f Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.<br />

d Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

e Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

f Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 225<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.39 IMPORTACIONES DE BIENES POR GRANDES CATEGORÍAS ECONÓMICAS: BIENES DE CONSUMO<br />

IMPORTS OF GOODS BY BROAD ECONOMIC CATEGORIES: CONSUMER GOODS<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 3 344.7 4 746.3 4 104.2 1 190.9 1 864.1 2 668.9 Argentina<br />

Barbados 263.2 408.0 395.1 396.6 432.9 398.1 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 80.0 121.4 109.2 101.1 119.7 ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 190.9 364.4 360.9 331.7 310.0 333.4 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 8 778.9 5 711.8 5 287.7 4 823.7 4 595.5 5 676.6 Brazil<br />

Chile 2 517.4 3 218.6 3 068.0 2 999.8 3 230.6 3 973.9 Chile<br />

Colombia 1 619.3 1 942.0 2 251.7 2 163.5 2 088.6 2 387.8 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 625.2 1 397.5 1 457.7 1 520.4 1 432.8 1 540.9 Costa Rica<br />

Ecuador 631.4 645.0 1 155.5 1 452.7 1 554.8 1 818.7 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 620.7 962.1 1 037.5 1 147.6 1 276.8 1 388.0 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 621.3 1 035.5 1 369.6 1 466.4 1 603.9 1 791.2 Guatemala<br />

Honduras 333.1 785.0 828.6 841.7 881.1 ... Honduras<br />

Jamaica 757.4 965.7 917.1 920.4 ... ... Jamaica<br />

México a 12 208.1 25 591.7 26 694.7 27 967.0 28 578.8 30 239.7 Mexico a<br />

Nicaragua 256.3 486.7 528.2 525.0 554.3 647.8 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 631.7 954.7 870.7 953.0 985.4 ... Panama<br />

Paraguay 1 355.1 733.1 650.6 437.8 491.1 719.4 Paraguay<br />

Perú 1 397.1 1 272.4 1 375.5 1 473.9 1 556.2 1 749.0 Peru<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 258.9 428.4 491.6 493.7 578.0 ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 684.6 862.8 807.4 451.2 403.0 530.2 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 1 861.3 3 199.5 3 884.9 2 627.4 1 945.0 3 116.2 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

Total 39 036.6 55 832.6 57 646.4 54 285.5 54 482.6 58 979.8 Total<br />

ALADI 34 588.8 48 287.6 49 641.1 45 919.6 46 617.7 53 213.8 LAIA<br />

Comunidad Andina b 5 700.0 7 423.3 9 028.5 8 049.2 7 454.6 9 405.1 An<strong>de</strong>an Community b<br />

Mercosur c 14 163.3 12 054.0 10 849.9 6 903.6 7 353.7 9 595.1 MERCOSUR c<br />

Mercosur, Bolivia y Chile d 16 871.6 15 637.0 14 278.8 10 235.1 10 894.3 13 902.4 MERCOSUR, Bolivia and Chile d<br />

MCCA e 2 456.6 4 666.8 5 221.6 5 501.1 5 748.9 5 367.9 CACM e<br />

Otros países f 1 991.2 2 878.2 2 783.7 2 864.8 2 116.0 398.1 Other countries f<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

b Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.<br />

c Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

d Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

e Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.<br />

f Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Jamaica, Panama and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a.<br />

c Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

d Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

e Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua.<br />

f Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Jamaica, Panamá y Trinidad y Tabago.


226 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.40 IMPORTACIONES DE BIENES POR GRANDES CATEGORÍAS ECONÓMICAS: BIENES INTERMEDIOS<br />

IMPORTS OF GOODS BY BROAD ECONOMIC CATEGORIES: INTERMEDIATE GOODS<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 10 114.9 12 223.4 10 328.0 5 879.1 8 378.9 12 250.3 Argentina<br />

Barbados 345.0 461.9 414.2 371.9 482.4 389.9 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 115.4 214.2 174.8 161.5 170.6 ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 617.3 881.1 932.4 975.9 908.7 1 036.4 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 29 327.6 37 100.4 36 110.8 31 627.0 34 055.9 46 497.0 Brazil<br />

Chile 6 869.7 8 406.3 8 139.4 7 622.6 8 984.3 11 962.8 Chile<br />

Colombia 6 832.8 6 607.8 6 608.1 6 703.6 7 350.3 9 158.8 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 1 809.8 3 301.5 3 597.4 3 927.9 4 073.0 4 669.6 Costa Rica<br />

Ecuador 2 120.4 2 152.4 2 565.3 2 875.4 3 155.5 3 948.6 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1 347.2 1 938.1 2 011.2 1 943.1 2 163.8 2 409.4 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 1 744.1 2 377.3 2 721.4 2 910.5 3 325.6 3 894.3 Guatemala<br />

Honduras 915.1 1 314.3 1 426.4 1 420.2 1 682.4 ... Honduras<br />

Jamaica 1 080.2 1 431.0 1 571.1 1 598.3 ... ... Jamaica<br />

México a 42 000.4 94 256.5 90 269.8 90 884.0 92 260.1 105 935.8 Mexico a<br />

Nicaragua 549.5 856.7 859.8 805.3 911.8 1 074.6 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 1 279.6 1 559.6 1 439.0 1 362.6 1 304.4 ... Panama<br />

Paraguay 854.7 961.0 1 057.4 857.1 1 148.1 1 509.5 Paraguay<br />

Perú 3 815.7 4 199.2 4 133.4 4 371.9 5 059.7 6 195.8 Peru<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 818.8 1 986.1 1 829.4 1 999.6 2 141.1 ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 1 360.7 1 931.5 1 673.6 1 234.2 1 517.6 2 111.8 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 5 813.3 6 240.4 6 720.3 4 650.4 3 961.6 6 575.7 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

Total 119 732.2 190 400.7 184 583.2 174 182.1 183 035.8 219 620.3 Total<br />

ALADI b 109 727.5 174 960.0 168 538.5 157 681.2 166 780.7 207 182.5 LAIA b<br />

Comunidad Andina c 19 199.5 20 080.9 20 959.5 19 577.2 20 435.8 26 915.3 An<strong>de</strong>an Community c<br />

Mercosur d 41 657.9 52 216.3 49 169.8 39 597.4 45 100.5 62 368.6 MERCOSUR d<br />

Mercosur, Bolivia y Chile e 49 144.9 61 503.7 58 241.6 48 195.9 54 993.5 75 367.8 MERCOSUR, Bolivia and Chile e<br />

MCCA f 6 365.7 9 787.9 10 616.2 11 007.0 12 156.6 12 047.9 CACM f<br />

Otros países g 3 639.0 5 652.8 5 428.5 5 493.9 4 098.5 389.9 Other countries g<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay,<br />

Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.<br />

d Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

e Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

f Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.<br />

g Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Jamaica, Panama and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, México, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong><br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a y Uruguay.<br />

c Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a.<br />

d Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

e Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

f Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua.<br />

g Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Jamaica, Panamá y Trinidad y Tabago.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 227<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.41 IMPORTACIONES DE BIENES POR GRANDES CATEGORÍAS ECONÓMICAS: BIENES DE CAPITAL<br />

IMPORTS OF GOODS BY BROAD ECONOMIC CATEGORIES: CAPITAL GOODS<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 5 770 7 320 5 261 1 674 3 005 6 067 Argentina<br />

Barbados 113 201 190 178 201 251 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 49 97 77 74 70 ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 486 535 382 489 421 448 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 11 844 14 006 15 032 11 717 10 613 12 579 Brazil<br />

Chile 4 559 4 115 4 245 4 009 4 240 5 247 Chile<br />

Colombia 4 268 2 793 3 548 3 217 3 746 4 328 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 604 1 139 990 1 188 1 441 1 254 Costa Rica<br />

Ecuador 1 121 722 1 301 1 674 1 486 1 720 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 515 726 661 621 690 799 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 635 1 119 1 039 1 179 1 167 1 336 Guatemala<br />

Honduras 333 622 569 626 553 ... Honduras<br />

Jamaica 450 461 582 718 ... ... Jamaica<br />

México a 16 014 44 261 43 424 41 119 41 971 50 408 Mexico a<br />

Nicaragua 166 288 292 346 317 324 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 406 596 483 459 507 ... Panama<br />

Paraguay 675 379 346 299 415 630 Paraguay<br />

Perú 1 999 1 720 1 567 1 367 1 568 1 929 Peru<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 468 800 1 361 1 022 1 005 ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 598 587 512 253 230 415 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 2 469 3 975 4 046 3 436 2 160 4 011 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

Total 53 541 86 462 85 908 75 663 75 804 91 746 Total<br />

ALADI b 49 803 80 412 79 664 69 252 69 854 87 782 LAIA b<br />

Comunidad Andina c 10 342 9 745 10 845 10 182 9 381 12 435 An<strong>de</strong>an Community c<br />

Mercosur d 18 887 22 291 21 151 13 942 14 263 19 691 MERCOSUR d<br />

Mercosur, Bolivia y Chile e 23 932 26 942 25 777 18 440 18 924 25 386 MERCOSUR, Bolivia and Chile e<br />

MCCA f 2 252 3 894 3 551 3 960 4 167 3 713 CACM f<br />

Otros países g 1 487 2 156 2 693 2 451 1 783 251 Other countries g<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay,<br />

Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, México, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong><br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a y Uruguay.<br />

c Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a.<br />

d Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

e Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

f Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.<br />

g Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Jamaica, Panama and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

d Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

e Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

f Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua.<br />

g Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Jamaica, Panamá y Trinidad y Tabago.


228 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.42 IMPORTACIONES DE BIENES POR GRANDES CATEGORÍAS ECONÓMICAS: CARBURANTES<br />

IMPORTS OF GOODS BY BROAD ECONOMIC CATEGORIES: FUELS AND LUBRICANTS<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 93.6 26.5 31.9 60.8 79.1 61.2 Argentina<br />

Barbados 1.0 31.7 27.4 12.9 34.1 ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 7.4 0.6 32.4 26.8 21.8 ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia - ... - 0.5 1.5 1.2 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 626.0 784.1 583.3 735.7 858.3 1 094.7 Brazil<br />

Chile 21.7 105.7 99.6 134.9 167.3 223.3 Chile<br />

Colombia 238.9 64.9 34.3 27.7 30.0 34.3 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 70.7 ... ... ... 207.9 288.4 Costa Rica<br />

Ecuador 25.6 ... ... 2.0 6.9 6.9 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 19.2 72.9 60.7 75.5 104.2 139.9 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 86.2 133.8 201.3 209.9 275.6 371.5 Guatemala<br />

Honduras 37.8 98.9 107.6 100.9 107.8 ... Honduras<br />

Jamaica 239.0 98.3 100.2 87.4 ... ... Jamaica<br />

México a 535.8 1 464.5 2 012.1 1 411.1 1 398.0 2 429.7 Mexico a<br />

Nicaragua 6.3 16.8 21.9 22.0 29.9 42.1 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 13.8 48.3 41.7 78.0 101.7 ... Panama<br />

Paraguay 104.8 33.1 43.8 34.9 52.0 58.5 Paraguay<br />

Perú 15.2 20.3 14.1 56.7 15.7 20.0 Peru<br />

Trinidad y Tabago - 3.9 118.9 42.4 84.3 ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 17.7 1.8 1.1 0.9 16.1 11.0 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 3.2 225.7 231.6 147.1 12.9 8.3 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

Total 2 163.9 3 231.8 3 763.9 3 268.1 3 605.1 4 791.0 Total<br />

ALADI b 1 682.5 2 726.6 3 051.8 2 612.3 2 637.8 3 949.1 LAIA b<br />

Comunidad Andina c 282.9 310.9 280.0 234.0 67.0 70.7 An<strong>de</strong>an Community c<br />

Mercosur d 842.1 845.5 660.1 832.3 1 005.5 1 225.4 MERCOSUR d<br />

Mercosur, Bolivia y Chile e 863.8 951.2 759.7 967.7 1 174.3 1 449.9 MERCOSUR, Bolivia and Chile e<br />

MCCA f 220.2 322.4 391.5 408.3 725.4 841.9 CACM f<br />

Otros países g 261.2 182.8 320.6 247.5 241.9 ... Other countries g<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay,<br />

Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.<br />

d Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

e Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

f Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.<br />

g Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Jamaica, Panama and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, México, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong><br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a y Uruguay.<br />

c Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a.<br />

d Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

e Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

f Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua.<br />

g Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Jamaica, Panamá y Trinidad y Tabago.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 229<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.43 IMPORTACIONES DE BIENES POR GRANDES CATEGORÍAS ECONÓMICAS: VEHÍCULOS AUTOMOTORES DE PASAJEROS<br />

IMPORTS OF GOODS BY BROAD ECONOMIC CATEGORIES: PASSENGER MOTOR VEHICLES<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 773.2 797.8 534.7 173.7 508.7 1 196.1 Argentina<br />

Barbados 36.9 49.1 37.5 33.4 40.5 49.5 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 5.8 10.8 12.5 10.6 11.9 ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 100.1 63.2 27.1 32.8 51.7 68.3 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 3 143.2 1 248.5 1 438.0 749.9 593.9 596.2 Brazil<br />

Chile 741.9 629.4 535.0 532.7 682.8 904.5 Chile<br />

Colombia 861.5 314.1 331.0 501.1 522.2 689.7 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 82.4 187.8 223.6 253.5 229.2 246.6 Costa Rica<br />

Ecuador 294.2 198.2 334.0 419.4 327.3 362.6 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 120.8 85.3 84.3 103.6 128.4 137.8 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 201.1 213.5 259.5 295.1 335.5 412.1 Guatemala<br />

Honduras 21.6 54.4 50.5 110.7 87.4 ... Honduras<br />

Jamaica 151.7 143.8 138.7 156.4 ... ... Jamaica<br />

México a 439.7 4 422.1 5 093.5 6 072.2 5 749.5 6 413.1 Mexico a<br />

Nicaragua 29.2 68.8 52.2 66.1 43.4 43.5 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 170.2 217.5 148.8 180.1 224.5 ... Panama<br />

Paraguay 135.3 84.7 82.2 42.3 119.6 179.0 Paraguay<br />

Perú 352.1 196.2 214.7 220.0 211.9 197.0 Peru<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 43.1 79.0 86.6 95.4 121.4 ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 203.7 81.5 65.7 23.6 22.8 49.6 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 637.4 893.0 1 535.6 801.7 261.2 928.7 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

Total 8 545.1 10 038.7 11 285.7 10 874.3 10 273.8 12 474.3 Total<br />

ALADI b 7 682.3 8 928.7 10 191.5 9 569.4 9 051.6 11 584.8 LAIA b<br />

Comunidad Andina c 2 245.3 1 664.7 2 442.4 1 975.0 1 374.3 2 246.3 An<strong>de</strong>an Community c<br />

Mercosur d 4 255.4 2 212.5 2 120.6 989.5 1 245.0 2 020.9 MERCOSUR d<br />

Mercosur, Bolivia y Chile e 5 097.4 2 905.1 2 682.7 1 555.0 1 979.5 2 993.7 MERCOSUR, Bolivia and Chile e<br />

MCCA f 455.1 609.8 670.1 829.0 823.9 840.0 CACM f<br />

Otros países g 407.7 500.2 424.1 475.9 398.3 49.5 Other countries g<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay,<br />

Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, México, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong><br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a y Uruguay.<br />

c Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a.<br />

d Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

e Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

f Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.<br />

g Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Jamaica, Panama and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

d Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

e Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

f Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua.<br />

g Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Jamaica, Panamá y Trinidad y Tabago.


230 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.44 EXPORTACIONES INTRARREGIONALES<br />

INTRAREGIONAL EXPORTS<br />

(Porcentajes <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones intrarregionales con respecto a las exportaciones totales, calculadas sobre la base <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones FOB<br />

Percentages of intraregional exports with respect to total exports calculated on the basis of f.o.b. exports)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 46.8 47.9 46.1 42.2 38.3 40.1 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 36.8 44.5 58.7 59.6 64.0 65.3 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 22.6 24.5 22.1 18.1 20.0 23.0 Brazil<br />

Chile 19.3 21.7 23.7 20.1 19.1 17.6 Chile<br />

Colombia 27.7 28.6 35.0 31.8 27.9 33.1 Colombia<br />

Ecuador 22.1 31.4 32.1 27.5 29.2 34.2 Ecuador<br />

México a 5.1 3.1 3.3 3.0 2.8 3.2 Mexico a<br />

Paraguay 65.1 74.5 65.3 69.1 64.7 59.4 Paraguay<br />

Perú 17.3 18.1 19.8 16.9 18.1 19.7 Peru<br />

Uruguay 53.4 54.0 51.0 42.2 40.8 36.0 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 27.7 19.4 19.0 19.5 12.6 15.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

Total ALADI 19.2 15.4 15.6 13.7 13.7 15.6 Total LAIA<br />

Costa Rica 20.7 18.8 23.3 23.6 22.4 25.6 Costa Rica<br />

El Salvador 47.5 61.0 69.1 69.5 69.8 64.6 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 39.6 40.5 52.3 49.3 52.6 55.5 Guatemala<br />

Honduras 12.4 25.8 18.7 30.8 33.7 Honduras<br />

Nicaragua 21.1 31.4 41.0 52.1 43.6 41.9 Nicaragua<br />

Total MCCA 27.9 30.3 35.9 37.5 36.8 39.7 Total CACM<br />

Barbados 26.3 33.0 32.8 32.6 20.4 27.0 Barbados<br />

Guyana ... ... 17.3 22.0 23.0 ... Guyana<br />

Jamaica 4.9 4.2 4.8 4.4 ... ... Jamaica<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 29.5 30.2 33.9 26.8 25.0 ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Bahamas ... 0.7 0.8 ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 2.7 5.7 8.0 8.1 12.2 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Panamá 19.4 23.0 23.0 24.4 17.4 17.0 Panama<br />

República Dominicana 2.7 12.3 14.6 ... ... ... Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname ... 7.9 6.8 ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Total Región 19.3 16.0 16.5 14.6 14.6 16.2 Total Region<br />

a a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 231<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.45 IMPORTACIONES INTRARREGIONALES<br />

INTRAREGIONAL IMPORTS<br />

(Porcentajes <strong>de</strong> las importaciones intrarregionales con respecto a las importaciones totales / Percentages of intra-regional imports with respect to total imports)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 30.2 35.6 36.1 38.4 42.3 45.1 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 52.5 66.0 69.6 71.1 70.6 73.7 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 20.8 19.7 17.4 16.4 16.4 15.1 Brazil<br />

Chile 26.3 32.7 34.6 37.0 39.5 38.4 Chile<br />

Colombia 25.8 28.4 29.1 29.9 27.6 28.0 Colombia<br />

Ecuador 28.4 35.5 34.6 37.8 35.8 39.4 Ecuador<br />

México a 2.2 2.8 3.5 3.8 4.3 5.1 Mexico a<br />

Paraguay 45.0 57.3 57.9 52.7 53.7 50.3 Paraguay<br />

Perú 35.6 39.2 40.7 40.1 40.3 44.9 Peru<br />

Uruguay 49.0 46.3 53.8 56.3 50.0 62.7 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 23.0 23.1 26.8 25.3 27.3 32.3 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

Total ALADI 18.8 15.3 15.7 14.6 15.7 17.4 Total LAIA<br />

Costa Rica 22.5 24.3 24.3 22.1 21.0 24.2 Costa Rica<br />

El Salvador 29.0 29.2 32.1 32.6 34.6 33.4 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 26.4 31.4 32.5 30.5 29.1 27.6 Guatemala<br />

Honduras 19.7 22.8 24.3 25.1 23.7 22.2 Honduras<br />

Nicaragua 40.0 47.3 47.2 44.0 45.8 51.8 Nicaragua<br />

Total MCCA 25.7 28.5 29.8 28.4 28.0 28.6 Total CACM<br />

Barbados 16.9 28.8 36.8 35.4 27.0 3.4 Barbados<br />

Guyana 23.6 21.9 20.1 22.5 35.4 7.9 Guyana<br />

Jamaica 15.9 25.0 24.8 23.1 24.0 13.8 Jamaica<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 16.9 33.1 26.3 23.5 25.2 17.0 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Bahamas 7.1 7.0 8.2 9.2 11.8 13.3 Bahamas<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 28.0 20.2 18.7 26.6 25.8 22.2 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Haití 11.8 17.4 20.1 13.3 13.1 10.7 Haiti<br />

Panamá 5.5 9.4 10.4 10.2 10.9 14.9 Panama<br />

República Dominicana 15.2 22.8 23.5 22.1 18.8 21.9 Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname 54.7 30.1 18.3 16.2 22.1 7.7 Suriname<br />

Total Región 18.2 16.3 16.7 15.8 16.7 18.0 Total Region<br />

a a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.


232 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.46 COMERCIO INTRARREGIONAL TOTAL DE BIENES, 1995<br />

TOTAL INTRAREGIONAL TRADE IN GOODS, 1995<br />

(Sobre la base <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones FOB en millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Based on exports f.o.b. in millions of dollars)<br />

Destino Venezu<strong>el</strong>a Destination<br />

(República<br />

Total<br />

Argentina Bolivia Brasil Chile Colombia Ecuador México Paraguay Perú Uruguay Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) ALADI Costa El Brazil Mexico Peru Venezu<strong>el</strong>a Rica Salvador<br />

Guatemala<br />

(Bolivarian<br />

LAIA<br />

Origen Republic of) Origin<br />

Argentina – 254.0 5 484.1 1 475.1 233.4 86.3 144.4 631.4 275.6 662.9 377.7 9 624.9 27.1 16.0 22.6 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 142.7 – 23.4 25.8 64.4 7.3 1.4 5.0 144.4 2.0 5.7 422.1 – – – Bolivia<br />

Brasil 4 041.1 530.0 – 1 210.5 457.2 208.5 496.1 1 300.7 438.3 811.0 480.9 9 974.3 84.9 34.1 61.2 Brazil<br />

Chile 584.1 196.9 1 063.9 – 188.4 124.2 127.4 75.9 432.3 56.3 135.1 2 984.5 13.9 7.1 15.1 Chile<br />

Colombia 60.9 25.3 104.4 138.5 – 427.8 89.7 3.4 566.8 8.7 967.0 2 392.5 92.4 17.3 33.4 Colombia<br />

Ecuador 89.9 3.8 54.0 194.4 251.9 – 54.0 1.6 69.2 8.4 34.1 761.3 2.7 2.1 17.3 Ecuador<br />

México a 312.9 24.1 800.2 489.7 453.4 116.0 – 21.6 178.8 76.7 379.6 2 853.0 141.8 146.5 303.0 Mexico a<br />

Paraguay 83.3 3.6 410.8 31.0 6.9 1.0 0.9 – 3.2 34.0 21.6 596.3 – – 0.4 Paraguay<br />

Perú 30.8 76.9 199.9 152.1 118.2 46.8 96.3 1.2 – 3.2 163.2 888.6 9.7 2.1 8.0 Peru<br />

Uruguay 267.1 2.1 700.1 39.9 18.3 1.3 14.9 24.9 36.8 – 11.0 1 116.4 0.5 0.6 4.1 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 36.0 8.8 1 683.9 138.7 1 423.2 215.2 177.6 1.2 239.4 16.9 – 3 940.9 129.4 63.8 143.0 Republic of)<br />

Total ALADI 5 648.8 1 125.5 10 524.7 3 895.7 3 215.3 1 234.4 1 202.7 2 066.9 2 384.8 1 680.1 2 575.9 35 554.8 502.4 289.6 608.1 Total LAIA<br />

Costa Rica 5.1 0.4 6.7 16.3 16.5 7.2 16.4 0.1 7.1 0.7 14.5 91.0 – 90.9 117.0 Costa Rica<br />

El Salvador – 0.1 0.3 0.9 3.9 1.5 8.3 0.2 0.4 0.1 10.4 26.1 77.4 – 204.1 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 0.8 – 0.9 19.0 6.5 0.9 44.6 – 28.6 – 37.8 139.1 99.5 263.7 – Guatemala<br />

Honduras 0.1 – – – 7.5 1.4 8.6 – 1.3 0.1 0.7 19.7 14.7 34.5 16.3 Honduras<br />

Nicaragua 0.2 0.3 0.1 1.6 1.9 1.3 9.0 – 1.0 – 2.4 17.8 17.3 41.3 10.4 Nicaragua<br />

Total MCCA 6.2 0.8 8.0 37.8 36.3 12.3 86.9 0.3 38.4 0.9 65.8 293.7 208.9 430.4 347.8 Total CACM<br />

Barbados – – – – – – 0.1 – – – 3.1 3.2 – – 0.1 Barbados<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Jamaica – – 9.6 0.6 1.4 0.1 3.5 – 0.6 – 0.1 15.9 0.1 – 0.1 Jamaica<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 2.7 – 38.4 18.1 58.4 8.1 44.6 0.1 10.9 – 27.7 209.0 4.3 2.6 3.4 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice – – – – – – 0.7 – – – – 0.7 – – – B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Panamá 0.2 0.7 0.3 1.0 9.1 7.0 0.5 0.1 2.1 0.1 0.9 22.0 41.8 9.9 14.8 Panama<br />

República Dominicana 0.4 – 1.6 0.1 1.6 0.8 2.2 – 0.2 0.2 1.0 8.1 3.3 0.4 0.6 Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Total Región b 5 658.3 1 127.0 10 582.6 3 953.3 3 322.1 1 262.7 1 341.2 2 067.4 2 437.0 1 681.3 2 674.5 36 107.4 760.8 732.9 974.9 Total Region b<br />

Mundo b 18 759.7 2 147.3 50 774.9 15 007.0 12 867.4 4 439.7 61 299.7 4 592.6 6 843.3 3 433.9 11 649.5 191 815.1 3 386.0 2 528.2 3 689.1 World b<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Estimates.<br />

b Estimaciones.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 233<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.46 COMERCIO INTRARREGIONAL TOTAL DE BIENES, 1995 (conclusión)<br />

TOTAL INTRAREGIONAL TRADE IN GOODS, 1995 (conclu<strong>de</strong>d)<br />

(Sobre la base <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones FOB en millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Based on exports f.o.b. in millions of dollars)<br />

Destino Trinidad República Destination<br />

Total Total<br />

Honduras Nicaragua MCCA Barbados Guyana Jamaica y Tabago Bahamas B<strong>el</strong>ice Haití Panamá Dominicana Suriname Región Mundo<br />

CACM Trinidad B<strong>el</strong>ize Haiti Panama Dominican Region World<br />

Origen and Tobago Republic Origin<br />

Argentina 7.0 1.1 73.8 1.6 – 12.2 6.3 0.6 0.1 6.9 32.2 57.4 2.1 9 818.1 20 962.4 Argentina<br />

Bolivia – – – – – – – 7.7 – – 4.8 0.3 – 434.9 1 181.1 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 31.7 4.5 216.4 6.1 12.1 47.4 69.0 9.8 1.1 6.8 92.0 66.3 15.7 10 517.0 46 504.3 Brazil<br />

Chile 4.2 0.7 41.0 0.4 0.3 2.8 1.0 0.1 – 2.0 23.4 12.1 – 3 067.6 15 900.7 Chile<br />

Colombia 20.4 12.4 175.9 0.7 1.4 7.6 55.7 2.3 0.4 9.9 125.0 47.5 2.7 2 821.6 10 200.9 Colombia<br />

Ecuador 2.5 8.5 33.1 – – 0.1 2.4 – 0.1 0.4 161.6 4.1 – 963.1 4 361.2 Ecuador<br />

México a 68.7 31.1 691.1 0.2 0.5 50.0 10.5 59.6 22.2 14.0 224.1 167.0 2.3 4 094.5 79 539.8 Mexico a<br />

Paraguay 0.1 0.1 0.6 – – – 0.1 0.6 – – 0.5 0.2 – 598.3 919.4 Paraguay<br />

Perú 2.1 0.1 22.0 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.5 8.6 – 0.2 19.7 2.1 – 942.3 5 439.6 Peru<br />

Uruguay 0.2 – 5.4 0.1 – 0.3 0.2 0.1 – – 0.4 1.1 0.2 1 124.2 2 106.3 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 22.5 18.7 377.4 6.6 7.7 49.0 75.9 46.4 21.5 18.4 61.8 242.6 389.0 5 237.2 18 914.0 Republic of)<br />

Total ALADI 159.4 77.2 1 636.7 15.9 22.1 169.7 221.6 135.8 45.4 58.6 745.5 600.7 412.0 39 618.8 206 029.7 Total LAIA<br />

Costa Rica 54.5 87.3 349.7 0.8 – 9.0 1.0 0.6 14.5 1.6 78.2 12.3 0.9 559.6 2 701.5 Costa Rica<br />

El Salvador 70.3 63.9 415.7 – – 0.2 – – 2.0 0.2 17.0 7.0 – 468.2 984.9 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 121.8 69.6 554.6 2.2 0.1 2.0 0.7 0.2 3.9 5.1 36.1 16.8 0.2 761.0 1 922.9 Guatemala<br />

Honduras – 52.5 118.0 0.7 – 1.0 2.1 0.1 1.3 0.7 5.3 2.1 – 151.0 1 220.3 Honduras<br />

Nicaragua 14.0 – 83.0 – – 0.8 – – – 0.5 2.1 3.1 – 107.3 509.3 Nicaragua<br />

Total MCCA 260.6 273.3 1 521.0 3.7 0.1 13.0 3.8 0.9 21.7 8.1 138.7 41.3 1.1 2 047.1 7 338.9 Total CACM<br />

Barbados – – 0.1 – 6.5 15.3 16.1 0.8 1.3 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 44.2 168.3 Barbados<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... – ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Jamaica 0.3 – 0.5 11.9 6.6 – 20.1 1.2 4.9 1.2 1.0 2.3 1.2 66.8 1 374.2 Jamaica<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 2.6 5.4 18.3 74.9 75.7 202.7 – – 4.5 7.8 12.3 54.7 49.0 708.9 2 404.9 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... ... – ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice – – – 0.6 – 1.5 1.0 – – – – – – 3.8 142.7 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... – ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Panamá 12.4 4.5 83.4 – – 1.0 0.5 0.9 0.1 1.1 – 2.0 – 111.0 572.8 Panama<br />

República Dominicana 11.9 0.1 16.3 0.8 0.6 8.8 1.5 0.2 – 27.0 4.1 – 0.8 68.2 2 552.9 Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... – ... ... Suriname<br />

Total Región b 447.2 360.5 3 276.3 107.8 111.6 412.0 264.6 139.8 77.9 104.1 901.9 701.1 464.3 42 668.8 220 584.4 Total Region b<br />

Mundo b 2 266.8 902.4 12 772.4 638.4 472.2 2 591.9 1 563.4 1 966.7 278.4 886.3 16 426.8 4 616.3 848.3 234 876.1 5 078 010.0 World b<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Estimates.<br />

b Estimaciones.


234 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.47 COMERCIO INTRARREGIONAL TOTAL DE BIENES, 1996<br />

TOTAL INTRAREGIONAL TRADE IN GOODS, 1996<br />

(Sobre la base <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones FOB en millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Based on exports f.o.b. in millions of dollars)<br />

Destino Venezu<strong>el</strong>a Destination<br />

(República<br />

Total<br />

Argentina Bolivia Brasil Chile Colombia Ecuador México Paraguay Perú Uruguay Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) ALADI Costa El Brazil Mexico Peru Venezu<strong>el</strong>a Rica Salvador<br />

Guatemala<br />

(Bolivarian<br />

LAIA<br />

Origen Republic of) Origin<br />

Argentina – 291.6 6 614.8 1 765.8 182.6 79.6 248.2 584.2 254.2 725.2 351.3 11 097.5 17.2 19.6 34.5 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 143.4 – 36.3 43.5 116.0 7.8 11.8 2.7 138.7 8.5 1.3 510.0 0.1 – – Bolivia<br />

Brasil 5 170.0 531.6 – 1 055.2 431.9 172.0 679.3 1 324.5 297.9 810.5 454.4 10 927.3 67.0 25.9 41.9 Brazil<br />

Chile 699.8 207.8 946.8 – 194.1 143.8 146.2 66.3 324.9 57.7 141.0 2 928.4 24.9 10.1 10.8 Chile<br />

Colombia 51.5 29.9 119.1 182.4 – 425.2 89.2 4.4 612.6 5.3 779.4 2 299.0 103.3 17.7 36.6 Colombia<br />

Ecuador 84.1 4.6 43.9 220.5 300.5 – 57.7 1.5 53.3 16.2 72.4 854.7 3.6 53.5 21.8 Ecuador<br />

México a 517.8 30.3 877.8 687.1 433.8 117.5 – 30.0 210.4 115.3 418.8 3 438.8 186.7 157.1 358.2 Mexico a<br />

Paraguay 95.4 3.4 520.7 24.8 0.4 0.7 8.2 – 11.4 43.5 14.7 723.2 – – 0.1 Paraguay<br />

Perú 37.7 101.2 239.3 123.2 120.3 70.3 95.6 1.5 – 5.1 125.7 919.9 8.6 10.5 6.3 Peru<br />

Uruguay 271.5 2.3 831.0 42.8 15.1 1.0 26.9 49.6 34.4 – 13.0 1 287.6 0.7 1.0 1.5 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 63.9 3.9 747.5 206.0 1 249.6 179.7 151.4 2.1 309.9 31.0 – 2 945.0 167.2 45.5 130.7 Republic of)<br />

Total ALADI 7 135.1 1 206.6 10 977.2 4 351.3 3 044.3 1 197.6 1 514.5 2 066.8 2 247.7 1 818.3 2 372.0 37 931.4 579.3 340.9 642.4 Total LAIA<br />

Costa Rica 8.8 0.4 4.7 18.6 22.8 7.9 62.3 0.4 13.8 0.8 12.9 153.4 – 100.5 134.3 Costa Rica<br />

El Salvador – 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.8 2.5 12.6 0.1 3.6 0.2 5.6 26.0 93.3 – 210.6 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 1.0 0.3 1.9 13.5 9.6 1.5 80.0 – 29.5 0.1 12.5 149.9 99.8 258.0 – Guatemala<br />

Honduras – – 0.2 0.1 4.4 0.4 6.1 0.8 – – 0.8 12.8 15.3 66.1 19.9 Honduras<br />

Nicaragua 0.2 – – – 2.2 – 11.3 – 0.1 – 2.7 16.5 13.3 58.1 10.2 Nicaragua<br />

Total MCCA 10.0 0.8 6.9 32.6 39.8 12.3 172.3 1.3 47.0 1.1 34.5 358.6 221.7 482.7 375.0 Total CACM<br />

Barbados – – 0.1 – – – 0.1 – – – 24.2 24.4 – – – Barbados<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Jamaica – – – 0.8 1.0 0.1 3.1 – 1.2 – 0.8 7.0 0.1 – – Jamaica<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 14.1 – 24.4 17.2 33.4 7.2 36.0 0.2 3.3 1.0 37.1 173.9 4.0 1.4 0.7 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice – – – – – – 2.3 – – – – 2.3 – – – B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Panamá 0.2 1.9 0.3 1.4 9.2 5.4 2.1 – 2.3 0.1 2.8 25.7 37.7 9.4 15.0 Panama<br />

República Dominicana 0.4 – 0.8 0.1 0.7 0.6 3.1 – 0.1 0.2 4.3 10.3 2.8 0.9 0.7 Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Total Región b 7 159.8 1 209.3 11 009.7 4 403.4 3 128.4 1 223.2 1 733.5 2 068.3 2 301.6 1 820.7 2 475.7 38 533.6 845.6 835.3 1 033.8 Total Region b<br />

Mundo b 22 574.9 1 866.5 53 147.5 16 602.0 12 438.6 3 916.8 73 523.8 4 151.7 6 839.4 3 830.3 11 042.6 209 933.9 3 435.3 2 633.7 3 709.8 World b<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Estimates.<br />

b Estimaciones.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 235<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.47 COMERCIO INTRARREGIONAL TOTAL DE BIENES, 1996 (conclusión)<br />

TOTAL INTRAREGIONAL TRADE IN GOODS, 1996 (conclu<strong>de</strong>d)<br />

(Sobre la base <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones FOB en millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Based on exports f.o.b. in millions of dollars)<br />

Destino Trinidad República Destination<br />

Total Total<br />

Honduras Nicaragua MCCA Barbados Guyana Jamaica y Tabago Bahamas B<strong>el</strong>ice Haití Panamá Dominicana Suriname Región Mundo<br />

CACM Trinidad B<strong>el</strong>ize Haiti Panama Dominican Region World<br />

Origen and Tobago Republic Origin<br />

Argentina 2.1 5.7 79.1 0.9 0.3 7.4 5.9 0.3 0.3 1.8 34.2 58.7 0.6 11 287.0 23 809.5 Argentina<br />

Bolivia – – 0.1 – – 0.2 – – – – 10.8 1.6 – 522.7 1 086.8 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 21.9 4.8 161.5 5.6 8.1 36.8 66.1 19.8 0.8 11.1 105.2 73.1 15.3 11 430.7 47 745.1 Brazil<br />

Chile 5.2 1.0 52.0 0.6 0.1 2.2 1.2 0.2 – 2.3 25.1 13.1 0.1 3 025.3 15 406.6 Chile<br />

Colombia 19.3 8.7 185.6 3.1 4.1 7.6 131.4 1.8 0.3 21.0 149.7 56.6 4.1 2 864.3 10 647.4 Colombia<br />

Ecuador 4.6 28.9 112.4 0.1 – 0.1 1.1 0.5 0.2 0.3 211.7 4.3 – 1 185.4 4 889.6 Ecuador<br />

México a 96.2 52.2 850.4 2.0 0.5 76.4 9.1 79.7 32.0 6.7 280.0 247.6 2.6 5 025.8 95 992.2 Mexico a<br />

Paraguay – 0.1 0.2 – – – – – – – 6.9 – – 730.3 1 042.8 Paraguay<br />

Perú 3.1 0.4 28.9 0.2 – 0.8 0.7 0.3 – 0.3 25.6 3.4 0.1 980.2 5 834.6 Peru<br />

Uruguay – – 3.2 0.2 – 0.1 0.8 0.3 0.1 0.1 2.2 1.1 0.2 1 295.9 2 397.3 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 49.3 30.0 422.7 24.4 12.1 42.9 145.6 51.3 28.4 12.3 149.5 349.5 86.4 4 270.1 22 900.4 Republic of)<br />

Total ALADI 201.7 131.8 1 896.1 37.1 25.2 174.5 361.9 154.2 62.1 55.9 1 000.9 809.0 109.4 42 617.7 231 752.3 Total LAIA<br />

Costa Rica 71.0 105.3 411.1 1.2 0.5 14.1 3.9 1.2 18.7 8.1 92.1 16.6 1.1 722.0 3 409.9 Costa Rica<br />

El Salvador 97.5 53.7 455.1 0.1 – 0.4 0.3 0.5 2.7 0.5 24.5 8.1 – 518.2 1 024.3 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 140.2 79.9 577.9 3.3 0.5 6.8 5.9 0.1 6.3 12.8 46.3 14.1 0.4 824.3 2 030.4 Guatemala<br />

Honduras – 37.4 138.7 0.1 – 1.7 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.2 14.7 4.9 – 174.3 1 315.9 Honduras<br />

Nicaragua 19.6 – 101.2 – – 1.0 – – – 2.1 4.5 5.8 – 131.1 660.1 Nicaragua<br />

Total MCCA 328.3 276.3 1 684.0 4.7 1.0 24.0 10.3 2.0 28.5 23.7 182.1 49.5 1.5 2 369.9 8 440.6 Total CACM<br />

Barbados – – – – 8.1 20.8 17.4 0.9 1.8 0.4 – 0.1 2.8 76.7 212.3 Barbados<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... – ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Jamaica 0.4 – 0.5 11.5 5.6 – 16.5 1.5 3.8 1.1 1.5 3.4 2.3 54.7 1 347.0 Jamaica<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 8.3 5.7 20.1 87.8 82.9 218.8 – 4.3 3.4 5.8 7.2 45.8 66.6 716.6 2 456.2 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... ... – ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice – – – 0.5 0.2 1.4 2.2 – – – 0.1 – – 6.7 153.5 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... – ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Panamá 9.9 4.4 76.4 0.1 – 1.5 0.7 0.3 0.5 0.1 – 3.5 – 108.8 558.4 Panama<br />

República Dominicana 5.5 0.4 10.3 0.8 0.7 4.6 1.3 0.8 0.1 24.4 13.2 – 1.6 68.1 4 045.0 Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... – ... ... Suriname<br />

Total Región b 554.1 418.6 3 687.4 142.5 123.7 445.6 410.3 164.0 100.2 111.4 1 205.0 911.3 184.2 46 019.2 248 965.3 Total Region b<br />

Mundo b 2 713.8 1 077.4 13 570.0 774.3 566.0 2 615.0 1 758.8 3 446.1 319.7 814.9 16 735.5 5 146.1 614.1 256 294.3 5 302 720.0 World b<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Estimates.<br />

b Estimaciones.


236 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.48 COMERCIO INTRARREGIONAL TOTAL DE BIENES, 1997<br />

TOTAL INTRAREGIONAL TRADE IN GOODS, 1997<br />

(Sobre la base <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones FOB en millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Based on exports f.o.b. in millions of dollars)<br />

Destino Venezu<strong>el</strong>a Destination<br />

(República<br />

Total<br />

Argentina Bolivia Brasil Chile Colombia Ecuador México Paraguay Perú Uruguay Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) ALADI Costa El Brazil Mexico Peru Venezu<strong>el</strong>a Rica Salvador<br />

Guatemala<br />

(Bolivarian<br />

LAIA<br />

Origen Republic of) Origin<br />

Argentina – 464.2 8 133.1 1 931.6 172.1 85.8 215.7 623.4 306.5 844.0 315.3 13 091.7 31.5 20.1 27.4 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 183.0 – 37.4 59.3 87.6 3.7 11.2 1.6 158.5 2.8 1.5 546.6 0.1 – 0.1 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 6 767.2 719.1 – 1 195.9 507.9 171.6 828.3 1 406.5 361.8 870.0 768.1 13 596.4 70.4 29.6 65.3 Brazil<br />

Chile 777.9 228.4 974.4 – 226.0 156.1 371.2 63.8 343.4 63.0 156.7 3 360.9 33.4 7.7 17.0 Chile<br />

Colombia 90.2 45.9 131.5 194.2 – 541.3 114.0 3.9 543.1 5.5 989.8 2 659.4 121.1 41.5 41.9 Colombia<br />

Ecuador 76.4 5.6 26.1 238.6 355.5 – 42.0 1.3 223.7 8.7 51.4 1 029.3 2.7 81.5 12.5 Ecuador<br />

México a 497.6 31.6 703.0 842.4 513.3 142.9 – 23.8 238.4 68.9 675.0 3 736.9 221.4 214.1 498.4 Mexico a<br />

Paraguay 103.6 4.9 457.6 34.3 0.8 0.5 1.7 – 6.8 23.8 11.1 645.1 – – 0.2 Paraguay<br />

Perú 48.3 111.3 256.1 132.3 154.6 111.2 114.2 1.6 – 4.9 138.6 1 073.1 12.4 12.8 12.5 Peru<br />

Uruguay 354.3 2.6 940.2 56.7 15.8 5.7 32.4 60.7 31.9 – 15.1 1 515.4 0.4 0.2 0.7 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 40.3 5.8 969.3 160.8 1 339.9 300.3 389.9 5.0 464.4 90.8 – 3 766.5 210.0 53.2 132.9 Republic of)<br />

Total ALADI 8 938.8 1 619.4 12 628.7 4 846.1 3 373.5 1 519.1 2 120.6 2 191.6 2 678.5 1 982.4 3 122.6 45 021.3 703.4 460.7 808.9 Total LAIA<br />

Costa Rica 8.5 1.0 4.5 25.7 30.6 10.3 73.1 0.2 14.8 1.5 21.8 192.0 – 109.4 150.5 Costa Rica<br />

El Salvador 0.1 – – 3.7 1.3 2.6 17.9 0.2 3.3 0.1 2.8 32.0 111.9 – 265.2 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 0.4 1.0 3.7 26.8 8.7 2.6 77.0 – 13.2 0.1 34.6 168.1 111.9 310.9 – Guatemala<br />

Honduras – – 0.1 0.1 2.2 0.2 3.0 – – – 1.5 7.1 24.0 37.2 33.4 Honduras<br />

Nicaragua – – – 3.2 1.9 0.1 12.6 – – – 0.1 17.9 22.8 56.7 13.3 Nicaragua<br />

Total MCCA 9.0 2.0 8.3 59.5 44.7 15.8 183.6 0.4 31.3 1.7 60.8 417.1 270.6 514.2 462.4 Total CACM<br />

Barbados – – 0.1 – – – – – – – 13.5 13.6 – – – Barbados<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Jamaica – – – – 2.0 – 5.1 – 0.7 – 0.8 8.6 0.1 – 0.1 Jamaica<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 15.2 0.9 16.4 1.1 32.0 2.8 47.8 0.1 3.6 1.9 50.4 172.2 12.8 11.3 18.4 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice – – – – – – 1.5 – – – – 1.5 – – – B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Panamá – 2.4 0.2 1.0 11.5 5.8 4.3 – 1.9 0.2 2.5 29.8 41.0 11.7 12.5 Panama<br />

República Dominicana 0.2 – 2.7 0.1 1.2 0.6 5.3 0.1 0.2 – 5.6 16.0 3.4 0.7 0.9 Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Total Región b 8 963.2 1 624.7 12 656.4 4 907.8 3 464.9 1 544.1 2 368.2 2 192.2 2 716.2 1 986.2 3 256.2 45 680.1 1 031.3 998.6 1 303.2 Total Region b<br />

Mundo b 28 138.2 2 357.9 61 098.7 17 901.4 13 806.9 4 731.2 92 317.8 4 190.9 7 390.8 4 036.5 15 053.6 251 023.9 3 973.2 3 127.5 4 312.7 World b<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Estimates.<br />

b Estimaciones.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 237<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.48 COMERCIO INTRARREGIONAL TOTAL DE BIENES, 1997 (conclusión)<br />

TOTAL INTRAREGIONAL TRADE IN GOODS, 1997 (conclu<strong>de</strong>d)<br />

(Sobre la base <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones FOB en millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Based on exports f.o.b. in millions of dollars)<br />

Destino Trinidad República Destination<br />

Total Total<br />

Honduras Nicaragua MCCA Barbados Guyana Jamaica y Tabago Bahamas B<strong>el</strong>ice Haití Panamá Dominicana Suriname Región Mundo<br />

CACM Trinidad B<strong>el</strong>ize Haiti Panama Dominican Region World<br />

Origen and Tobago Republic Origin<br />

Argentina 11.0 3.8 93.8 1.0 0.2 8.6 8.6 1.0 1.2 3.4 26.6 57.7 0.6 13 294.4 26 429.9 Argentina<br />

Bolivia – 0.1 0.3 – – 0.1 – – – – 0.1 1.3 – 548.4 1 272.1 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 28.4 5.4 199.1 17.8 8.2 30.8 70.9 2.1 1.3 9.7 279.2 73.5 14.9 14 303.9 52 984.8 Brazil<br />

Chile 6.9 2.0 67.0 0.8 0.2 1.9 1.0 0.3 – 4.6 29.0 19.3 0.7 3 485.7 16 677.9 Chile<br />

Colombia 19.7 14.1 238.3 1.6 1.3 11.0 84.6 10.0 1.2 25.4 135.7 64.3 4.4 3 237.2 11 548.8 Colombia<br />

Ecuador 2.0 2.6 101.3 0.2 – 2.1 6.5 – – 1.0 175.2 6.1 – 1 321.7 5 264.3 Ecuador<br />

México a 116.0 64.2 1 114.1 3.9 0.9 95.6 10.0 56.5 32.3 9.1 334.2 278.2 3.0 5 674.7 110 420.8 Mexico a<br />

Paraguay – – 0.2 – – – – – – – 7.7 0.1 – 653.1 1 141.1 Paraguay<br />

Perú 3.5 0.5 41.7 0.3 – 0.7 3.8 0.2 – 0.5 37.0 6.9 0.2 1 164.4 6 759.3 Peru<br />

Uruguay 0.3 – 1.6 0.3 – 2.3 5.0 0.3 – 1.9 0.6 0.5 0.3 1 528.2 2 729.3 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 35.7 45.7 477.5 17.1 8.0 68.7 111.7 13.4 0.3 22.7 180.4 335.8 5.4 5 007.5 22 729.2 Republic of)<br />

Total ALADI 223.5 138.4 2 334.9 43.0 18.8 221.8 302.1 83.8 36.3 78.3 1 205.7 843.7 29.5 50 219.2 257 957.5 Total LAIA<br />

Costa Rica 74.3 114.3 448.5 1.3 0.5 15.6 3.1 1.0 18.8 5.4 99.9 20.0 0.9 807.0 3 892.8 Costa Rica<br />

El Salvador 136.6 64.8 578.5 0.7 – 0.8 0.4 2.8 3.0 1.2 24.6 11.5 – 655.5 1 359.3 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 177.3 83.2 683.3 3.6 0.6 5.5 1.9 0.1 6.9 8.6 42.5 17.9 0.5 939.5 2 343.8 Guatemala<br />

Honduras – 64.9 159.5 0.4 – 1.0 1.4 0.1 0.4 0.3 8.9 2.2 – 181.3 1 445.6 Honduras<br />

Nicaragua 28.4 – 121.2 – – 0.4 0.1 – – 2.3 2.2 6.3 – 150.4 666.5 Nicaragua<br />

Total MCCA 416.6 327.2 1 991.0 6.0 1.1 23.3 6.9 4.0 29.1 17.8 178.1 57.9 1.4 2 733.7 9 708.0 Total CACM<br />

Barbados – – – – 7.9 18.8 15.7 0.7 1.9 0.2 – 0.1 4.4 63.3 210.2 Barbados<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... – ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Jamaica 0.5 – 0.7 9.8 5.0 – 14.2 1.1 3.4 1.2 1.3 3.3 1.4 50.0 1 353.5 Jamaica<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 15.6 11.2 69.3 94.0 109.2 210.2 – 5.0 5.0 6.2 35.2 50.5 71.9 828.7 2 545.0 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... ... – ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 0.2 – 0.2 0.5 0.5 3.8 2.2 – – – – – – 8.7 158.8 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... – ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Panamá 27.2 8.2 100.6 – – 1.9 0.6 0.8 0.5 1.4 – 3.9 0.1 139.6 644.4 Panama<br />

República Dominicana 10.0 1.1 16.1 1.5 0.4 3.2 1.7 0.9 – 26.5 7.7 – 0.8 74.8 4 736.0 Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... – ... ... Suriname<br />

Total Región b 693.6 486.1 4 512.8 154.8 142.9 483.0 343.4 96.3 76.2 131.6 1 428.0 959.4 109.5 54 118.0 277 313.4 Total Region b<br />

Mundo b 3 303.4 1 027.1 15 743.9 919.6 589.0 2 739.7 2 269.9 2 315.6 336.9 894.5 17 365.7 6 127.8 529.0 300 855.6 5 527 580.0 World b<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Estimates.<br />

b Estimaciones.


238 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.49 COMERCIO INTRARREGIONAL TOTAL DE BIENES, 1998<br />

TOTAL INTRAREGIONAL TRADE IN GOODS, 1998<br />

(Sobre la base <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones FOB en millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Based on exports f.o.b. in millions of dollars)<br />

Destino Venezu<strong>el</strong>a Destination<br />

(República<br />

Total<br />

Argentina Bolivia Brasil Chile Colombia Ecuador México Paraguay Perú Uruguay Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) ALADI Costa El Brazil Mexico Peru Venezu<strong>el</strong>a Rica Salvador<br />

Guatemala<br />

(Bolivarian<br />

LAIA<br />

Origen Republic of) Origin<br />

Argentina – 431.3 7 949.2 1 857.0 195.0 122.3 261.2 622.0 325.8 850.1 363.8 12 977.7 27.9 17.0 51.0 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 141.8 – 30.1 34.3 87.5 80.2 6.6 1.9 140.5 50.1 11.4 584.4 0.1 – 1.0 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 6 747.1 675.8 – 1 023.0 467.7 203.6 1 001.8 1 249.4 368.7 880.5 706.3 13 323.9 83.9 28.8 91.5 Brazil<br />

Chile 734.5 247.0 828.0 – 210.3 194.3 508.2 60.1 362.1 56.2 176.8 3 377.5 29.1 10.4 19.2 Chile<br />

Colombia 86.0 46.4 101.6 159.0 – 581.5 128.5 5.4 370.1 8.1 1 145.6 2 632.5 102.1 27.2 47.5 Colombia<br />

Ecuador 76.6 7.0 33.4 140.0 282.6 – 47.6 1.4 199.1 31.1 59.3 877.9 3.7 42.8 24.4 Ecuador<br />

México a 384.5 34.5 535.5 625.0 449.0 123.1 – 14.8 195.6 83.8 546.0 2 991.8 282.1 218.1 591.0 Mexico a<br />

Paraguay 152.7 4.9 349.3 40.0 2.9 0.3 1.3 – 9.2 28.7 8.5 597.8 0.1 – 0.2 Paraguay<br />

Perú 28.4 115.5 180.3 139.0 143.4 106.4 137.3 1.5 – 4.7 108.0 964.0 10.4 5.1 14.1 Peru<br />

Uruguay 513.6 3.7 935.1 73.4 13.4 15.9 25.8 83.8 33.0 – 27.7 1 725.4 0.6 2.0 1.7 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 54.3 5.1 661.0 192.0 1 432.5 221.2 216.7 4.8 298.9 17.4 – 3 103.7 166.4 20.3 – Republic of)<br />

Total ALADI 8 919.5 1 571.2 11 603.5 4 282.0 3 284.3 1 648.8 2 335.0 2 045.1 2 303.0 2 010.7 3 153.4 43 156.6 706.4 371.7 841.6 Total LAIA<br />

Costa Rica 10.2 0.7 6.4 17.0 43.4 12.4 71.0 1.2 10.4 3.1 23.9 199.7 – 139.6 224.5 Costa Rica<br />

El Salvador 0.7 0.4 0.1 1.4 2.7 2.6 17.3 0.1 5.9 0.2 2.6 34.0 110.3 – 282.5 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 2.1 0.1 0.3 11.8 7.4 3.3 105.3 0.1 48.5 0.3 26.7 205.9 120.0 320.0 – Guatemala<br />

Honduras – – 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.1 9.4 – 0.1 – 1.7 12.5 17.4 109.2 81.2 Honduras<br />

Nicaragua – – – 4.9 0.5 0.1 12.3 – 0.1 – 1.3 19.2 25.5 57.6 16.4 Nicaragua<br />

Total MCCA 13.0 1.2 7.0 35.3 54.8 18.5 215.3 1.4 65.0 3.6 56.2 471.3 273.2 626.4 604.6 Total CACM<br />

Barbados 0.1 – 0.1 – – – – – – – 2.6 2.8 0.1 – – Barbados<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Jamaica – – – 0.4 1.5 0.1 4.5 – 0.8 – 0.4 7.7 0.1 – 0.1 Jamaica<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 1.5 1.2 6.9 1.9 17.5 7.2 41.9 0.1 3.2 0.5 54.2 136.1 4.9 9.9 30.4 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice – – 0.1 – – – 1.1 – – – 0.1 1.3 – – 0.3 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Panamá 0.2 1.5 0.2 2.2 9.9 8.2 7.1 0.1 1.6 0.2 2.1 33.3 46.4 11.3 18.0 Panama<br />

República Dominicana ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Total Región b 8 934.3 1 575.1 11 617.8 4 322.0 3 368.0 1 682.8 2 604.9 2 046.7 2 373.6 2 015.0 3 269.0 43 809.1 1 031.1 1 019.3 1 495.0 Total Region b<br />

Mundo b 28 083.1 2 502.3 57 904.5 16 252.0 13 186.2 5 250.6 103 546.0 3 857.8 7 130.0 4 479.4 15 674.1 257 865.9 4 793.1 3 416.5 5 015.5 World b<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Estimates.<br />

b Estimaciones.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 239<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.49 COMERCIO INTRARREGIONAL TOTAL DE BIENES, 1998 (conclusión)<br />

TOTAL INTRAREGIONAL TRADE IN GOODS, 1998 (conclu<strong>de</strong>d)<br />

(Sobre la base <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones FOB en millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Based on exports f.o.b. in millions of dollars)<br />

Destino Trinidad República Destination<br />

Total Total<br />

Honduras Nicaragua MCCA Barbados Guyana Jamaica y Tabago Bahamas B<strong>el</strong>ice Haití Panamá Dominicana Suriname Región Mundo<br />

CACM Trinidad B<strong>el</strong>ize Haiti Panama Dominican Region World<br />

Origen and Tobago Republic Origin<br />

Argentina 4.0 4.4 104.3 0.7 0.2 8.2 18.7 8.6 0.4 7.1 20.4 69.5 1.4 13 217.2 26 433.3 Argentina<br />

Bolivia – 0.1 1.2 – – – 0.8 – – – 1.2 0.9 – 588.5 1 324.7 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 33.6 14.6 252.4 16.7 6.0 26.9 74.7 16.0 1.1 8.3 87.1 141.4 12.0 13 966.5 51 118.8 Brazil<br />

Chile 10.2 2.4 71.3 0.8 0.3 2.4 3.5 3.0 0.7 6.4 27.9 25.7 0.5 3 520.0 14 841.1 Chile<br />

Colombia 21.2 30.0 228.0 0.9 1.6 10.4 81.3 1.7 0.4 28.6 106.1 71.0 4.3 3 166.8 10 865.3 Colombia<br />

Ecuador 3.6 1.7 76.2 – – 0.8 0.8 – 0.1 0.3 128.5 8.4 – 1 093.0 4 203.0 Ecuador<br />

México a 134.6 57.5 1 283.3 5.9 1.1 101.8 39.4 36.5 37.3 8.4 351.1 270.3 2.8 5 129.7 117 447.9 Mexico a<br />

Paraguay – 0.1 0.4 – – – – 0.1 – – – – – 598.3 1 013.9 Paraguay<br />

Perú 2.1 1.3 33.0 0.3 – 1.1 1.2 0.2 – 0.9 22.1 10.0 0.2 1 033.0 5 671.5 Peru<br />

Uruguay 0.4 0.1 4.8 0.2 – 2.6 1.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.6 2.6 0.4 1 738.4 2 769.4 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 26.6 56.9 270.2 5.1 12.1 46.3 155.3 15.5 0.2 11.7 132.4 287.8 6.2 4 046.5 16 857.1 Republic of)<br />

Total ALADI 236.3 169.1 2 325.1 30.6 21.3 200.5 376.9 81.8 40.5 71.8 877.4 887.6 27.8 48 097.9 252 546.0 Total LAIA<br />

Costa Rica 122.5 475.3 961.9 0.5 0.6 11.8 2.1 0.8 18.1 5.8 107.2 30.9 1.3 1 340.7 5 150.8 Costa Rica<br />

El Salvador 148.7 75.0 616.5 0.6 – 3.2 2.3 1.1 4.3 0.3 24.3 13.4 – 700.0 1 256.8 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 215.9 92.6 748.5 5.1 0.4 4.5 0.9 0.1 7.2 10.6 67.3 22.7 0.7 1 073.9 2 581.6 Guatemala<br />

Honduras – 97.4 305.2 2.1 – 3.6 2.2 – 3.6 0.4 8.8 2.1 – 340.5 1 532.4 Honduras<br />

Nicaragua 22.9 – 122.4 – – 3.7 1.5 0.3 0.1 1.9 1.3 3.6 – 154.0 552.7 Nicaragua<br />

Total MCCA 510.0 740.3 2 754.5 8.3 1.0 26.8 9.0 2.3 33.3 19.0 208.9 72.7 2.0 3 609.1 11 074.3 Total CACM<br />

Barbados – – 0.1 – 6.2 17.9 24.7 0.9 1.9 0.6 – 0.4 4.2 59.7 195.4 Barbados<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... – ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Jamaica 0.4 0.2 0.8 8.4 3.7 – 15.7 1.3 2.6 0.8 0.8 3.6 1.0 46.4 1 265.9 Jamaica<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 24.3 1.3 70.8 126.8 83.9 236.8 – 3.1 5.3 6.0 13.6 62.0 64.0 808.4 2 263.5 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... ... – ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 0.8 – 1.1 0.7 1.3 5.3 3.9 – – – – – – 13.6 146.6 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... – ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Panamá 22.2 13.0 110.9 – – 1.8 1.0 0.3 0.2 0.8 – 5.6 0.1 154.0 691.3 Panama<br />

República Dominicana ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... – ... ... ... Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... – ... ... Suriname<br />

Total Región b 794.0 923.9 5 263.3 174.8 117.4 489.1 431.2 89.7 83.8 99.0 1 100.7 1 031.9 99.1 52 789.1 268 183.0 Total Region b<br />

Mundo b 3 637.1 1 242.7 18 104.8 802.9 577.8 2 510.8 2 241.2 2 493.4 312.9 947.6 16 483.3 6 631.8 544.5 309 517.0 5 398 220.0 World b<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Estimates.<br />

b Estimaciones.


240 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.50 COMERCIO INTRARREGIONAL TOTAL DE BIENES, 1999<br />

TOTAL INTRAREGIONAL TRADE IN GOODS, 1999<br />

(Sobre la base <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones FOB en millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Based on exports f.o.b. in millions of dollars)<br />

Destino Venezu<strong>el</strong>a Destination<br />

(República<br />

Total<br />

Argentina Bolivia Brasil Chile Colombia Ecuador México Paraguay Perú Uruguay Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) ALADI Costa El Brazil Mexico Peru Venezu<strong>el</strong>a Rica Salvador<br />

Guatemala<br />

(Bolivarian<br />

LAIA<br />

Origen Republic of) Origin<br />

Argentina – 323.1 5 689.5 1 867.0 125.5 68.2 283.4 564.3 213.4 819.6 247.2 10 201.3 37.0 10.4 30.2 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 76.8 – 41.2 27.8 126.9 71.4 7.7 2.1 75.4 78.0 19.3 526.6 0.2 0.1 – Bolivia<br />

Brasil 5 363.9 443.0 – 896.0 402.9 104.4 1 068.1 744.2 265.0 669.6 536.7 10 494.0 88.0 35.5 77.0 Brazil<br />

Chile 726.3 190.3 701.4 – 205.8 109.6 621.0 47.5 356.6 56.9 195.2 3 210.6 46.7 15.8 23.5 Chile<br />

Colombia 50.2 39.6 166.9 152.0 – 330.2 201.9 3.0 357.9 8.1 923.3 2 233.5 115.3 43.0 58.7 Colombia<br />

Ecuador 75.3 6.6 16.2 195.0 227.2 – 52.5 1.3 180.1 6.0 66.4 826.7 10.1 61.3 18.1 Ecuador<br />

México a 256.0 31.6 399.4 366.0 367.6 68.8 – 8.5 178.0 59.9 436.2 2 172.4 250.4 244.4 543.4 Mexico a<br />

Paraguay 53.3 12.2 235.0 23.1 0.2 0.4 1.9 – 3.8 19.2 2.5 351.6 – – 0.4 Paraguay<br />

Perú 29.4 99.9 172.8 173.0 103.9 50.2 171.1 1.4 – 4.3 92.2 898.5 8.6 5.4 15.6 Peru<br />

Uruguay 368.7 2.6 556.8 46.5 7.9 11.8 43.4 81.1 17.5 – 28.0 1 164.3 4.4 0.1 1.1 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 62.6 1.5 818.2 161.0 788.8 144.5 172.2 0.8 285.6 74.0 – 2 508.9 227.5 18.1 115.3 Republic of)<br />

Total ALADI 7 062.5 1 150.4 8 797.4 3 909.0 2 356.7 959.5 2 623.2 1 454.2 1 933.3 1 795.6 2 547.0 34 588.4 788.2 434.1 883.3 Total LAIA<br />

Costa Rica 3.9 0.4 10.6 15.5 21.0 11.0 141.8 – 11.6 1.7 17.9 235.4 – 115.8 178.8 Costa Rica<br />

El Salvador 0.4 – 0.1 6.0 0.5 1.4 14.3 0.1 1.6 0.3 1.6 26.3 91.9 – 272.3 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 1.5 0.1 0.9 15.1 7.7 3.8 97.4 0.8 8.6 0.1 14.3 150.3 121.2 356.3 – Guatemala<br />

Honduras 0.1 – 0.1 0.2 3.0 – 2.4 – – – 2.2 8.0 10.0 184.1 91.7 Honduras<br />

Nicaragua 0.1 – 0.1 – 0.1 0.3 14.9 – 0.1 – – 15.6 27.5 68.2 14.9 Nicaragua<br />

Total MCCA 6.0 0.5 11.8 36.8 32.3 16.5 270.8 0.9 21.9 2.1 36.0 435.6 250.6 724.4 557.7 Total CACM<br />

Barbados – 0.1 – – – – 0.9 – – – 1.4 2.4 – – – Barbados<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Jamaica – – – – 2.6 0.3 6.0 – 0.5 – 1.2 10.6 0.1 – 0.5 Jamaica<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 9.8 0.7 16.5 0.5 17.7 0.5 43.5 0.1 4.3 – 36.7 130.3 15.1 10.7 57.6 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice – – – – – – 0.9 – – – – 0.9 – – 0.3 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Panamá 0.3 1.2 – 3.5 10.4 3.4 19.2 – 0.9 0.3 3.6 42.8 37.4 9.1 14.9 Panama<br />

República Dominicana ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Total Región b 7 078.6 1 152.9 8 825.7 3 949.0 2 419.7 980.2 2 964.5 1 455.2 1 960.9 1 798.0 2 625.9 35 211.0 1 091.4 1 178.3 1 514.3 Total Region b<br />

Mundo b 22 985.9 1 789.5 49 358.2 13 388.0 9 250.9 3 048.0 113 758.0 2 620.1 5 751.0 3 809.5 13 003.2 238 762.7 5 489.0 3 545.1 5 066.5 World b<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Estimates.<br />

b Estimaciones.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 241<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.50 COMERCIO INTRARREGIONAL TOTAL DE BIENES, 1999 (conclusión)<br />

TOTAL INTRAREGIONAL TRADE IN GOODS, 1999 (conclu<strong>de</strong>d)<br />

(Sobre la base <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones FOB en millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Based on exports f.o.b. in millions of dollars)<br />

Destino Trinidad República Destination<br />

Total Total<br />

Honduras Nicaragua MCCA Barbados Guyana Jamaica y Tabago Bahamas B<strong>el</strong>ice Haití Panamá Dominicana Suriname Región Mundo<br />

CACM Trinidad B<strong>el</strong>ize Haiti Panama Dominican Region World<br />

Origen and Tobago Republic Origin<br />

Argentina 5.5 4.5 87.6 0.9 0.2 7.4 7.7 0.5 0.1 13.9 31.3 61.1 0.9 10 412.9 23 308.0 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.1 – 0.1 0.2 – – 0.1 1.4 0.4 – 529.4 1 401.9 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 35.9 13.2 249.6 10.2 4.6 49.5 81.6 19.1 2.8 9.1 80.8 137.9 6.6 11 145.8 48 010.3 Brazil<br />

Chile 4.2 3.8 94.0 0.8 0.4 4.5 2.4 6.4 0.1 9.7 26.4 31.6 0.3 3 387.2 15 619.2 Chile<br />

Colombia 24.6 10.4 252.0 1.0 1.2 16.4 84.8 5.6 0.4 22.5 144.1 94.2 3.0 2 858.7 11 617.2 Colombia<br />

Ecuador 12.6 16.5 118.6 0.1 – 0.7 10.9 0.1 – 0.2 219.5 12.1 0.1 1 189.0 4 450.7 Ecuador<br />

México a 156.0 64.2 1 258.4 5.6 1.7 88.9 15.3 16.2 37.5 11.6 303.2 314.6 2.0 4 227.4 136 366.4 Mexico a<br />

Paraguay 0.1 0.1 0.6 – – – – – – – 0.7 – – 352.9 740.8 Paraguay<br />

Perú 5.5 1.6 36.7 0.3 – 1.0 6.7 0.6 – 1.9 16.6 10.6 0.2 973.1 5 931.6 Peru<br />

Uruguay 0.1 0.8 6.5 – – 2.8 9.3 1.1 – 1.3 2.4 4.0 0.1 1 191.8 2 237.0 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 21.8 98.7 481.4 2.5 8.2 38.7 284.6 32.7 0.2 14.1 108.7 562.3 1.5 4 043.8 20 076.3 Republic of)<br />

Total ALADI 266.4 213.9 2 585.9 21.5 16.3 210.0 503.5 82.3 41.1 84.4 935.1 1 228.8 14.7 40 312.0 269 759.4 Total LAIA<br />

Costa Rica 103.3 178.6 576.5 1.9 0.6 15.1 3.8 1.1 1.6 5.7 124.8 29.9 0.5 996.9 6 282.9 Costa Rica<br />

El Salvador 171.6 91.1 626.9 0.2 0.1 1.5 1.6 1.1 4.3 0.4 35.4 14.2 – 712.0 1 164.0 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 208.6 103.7 789.8 4.0 0.8 8.2 1.6 – 10.9 12.8 64.2 28.9 1.0 1 072.5 2 457.8 Guatemala<br />

Honduras – 13.1 298.9 0.5 – 1.8 2.9 – 2.0 0.2 5.3 4.3 – 323.9 1 164.4 Honduras<br />

Nicaragua 34.5 – 145.1 – – 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.1 2.2 4.3 4.0 – 172.4 508.4 Nicaragua<br />

Total MCCA 518.0 386.5 2 437.2 6.6 1.5 27.5 10.0 2.3 18.9 21.3 234.0 81.3 1.5 3 277.7 11 577.5 Total CACM<br />

Barbados – – – – 5.9 16.8 27.7 1.0 2.8 0.4 0.1 0.6 3.1 60.8 196.4 Barbados<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... – ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Jamaica 0.6 – 1.2 7.8 3.0 – 14.3 1.3 2.6 0.7 0.5 2.8 0.9 45.7 1 204.9 Jamaica<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 19.9 2.7 106.0 150.8 76.3 245.4 – 9.8 4.1 7.6 30.0 61.8 67.5 889.6 2 805.6 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... ... – ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 0.3 – 0.6 0.8 0.9 5.2 2.6 – – – – 0.4 – 11.4 159.3 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... – ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Panamá 23.0 19.6 104.0 0.2 0.4 2.5 0.8 0.9 0.6 3.3 – 13.4 – 168.9 706.8 Panama<br />

República Dominicana ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... – ... ... ... Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... – ... ... Suriname<br />

Total Región b 828.2 622.7 5 234.9 187.7 104.3 507.4 558.9 97.6 70.1 117.7 1 199.7 1 389.1 87.7 44 766.1 286 409.9 Total Region b<br />

Mundo b 3 648.1 1 426.7 19 175.4 887.9 580.3 2 534.2 2 023.5 2 864.8 332.8 1 050.1 16 951.1 6 645.4 455.9 292 263.9 5 665 670.0 World b<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Estimates.<br />

b Estimaciones.


242 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.51 COMERCIO INTRARREGIONAL TOTAL DE BIENES, 2000<br />

TOTAL INTRAREGIONAL TRADE IN GOODS, 2000<br />

(Sobre la base <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones FOB en millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Based on exports f.o.b. in millions of dollars)<br />

Destino Venezu<strong>el</strong>a Destination<br />

(República<br />

Total<br />

Argentina Bolivia Brasil Chile Colombia Ecuador México Paraguay Perú Uruguay Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) ALADI Costa El Brazil Mexico Peru Venezu<strong>el</strong>a Rica Salvador<br />

Guatemala<br />

(Bolivarian<br />

LAIA<br />

Origen Republic of) Origin<br />

Argentina – 268.8 6 990.8 2 674.3 130.7 62.7 326.3 595.5 295.2 824.2 217.8 12 386.3 30.9 34.5 33.7 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 61.4 – 166.7 30.8 196.1 6.0 6.8 2.3 61.5 69.3 51.7 652.6 0.2 – 0.1 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 6 232.7 364.3 – 1 246.2 514.7 133.3 1 711.3 831.7 353.0 668.5 751.0 12 806.7 119.9 41.7 76.7 Brazil<br />

Chile 639.0 163.9 969.4 – 236.3 158.6 815.6 47.2 439.3 61.6 228.4 3 759.3 48.9 14.4 25.4 Chile<br />

Colombia 56.2 38.6 283.1 191.2 – 461.6 230.0 3.0 371.5 9.2 1 297.8 2 942.2 121.1 24.5 65.0 Colombia<br />

Ecuador 94.0 7.0 18.8 223.6 267.9 – 50.5 0.9 293.8 5.3 117.9 1 079.7 11.6 114.4 17.7 Ecuador<br />

México a 288.6 26.5 517.1 431.3 461.7 107.9 – 9.9 209.9 107.9 519.3 2 680.1 286.0 245.4 534.9 Mexico a<br />

Paraguay 93.6 19.2 336.6 49.9 2.1 0.5 0.7 – 12.2 123.0 9.7 647.5 – 0.3 0.3 Paraguay<br />

Perú 26.5 95.4 221.3 262.7 144.4 97.2 150.5 0.7 – 4.3 110.9 1 113.9 9.7 5.2 22.5 Peru<br />

Uruguay 410.7 2.3 530.7 56.0 9.2 1.5 87.8 82.5 17.5 – 15.2 1 213.4 2.6 0.2 2.7 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 23.3 2.9 1 129.1 149.3 853.5 200.1 275.3 2.5 532.2 150.7 – 3 318.9 332.7 62.8 185.6 Republic of)<br />

Total ALADI 7 926.0 988.9 11 163.6 5 315.3 2 816.6 1 229.4 3 654.8 1 576.2 2 586.1 2 024.0 3 319.7 42 600.6 963.6 543.4 964.6 Total LAIA<br />

Costa Rica 2.9 0.3 12.5 3.3 18.8 16.2 98.2 – 9.0 0.9 26.6 188.7 – 134.8 193.0 Costa Rica<br />

El Salvador 0.1 – 0.1 1.6 1.0 1.1 10.8 0.4 0.2 – 1.2 16.5 85.5 – 322.5 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 0.5 0.1 0.4 11.5 10.2 1.9 120.2 0.4 4.7 – 9.5 159.4 126.8 341.0 – Guatemala<br />

Honduras – – 0.2 0.2 2.3 0.1 5.9 – 0.1 – 0.9 9.7 12.6 168.8 111.7 Honduras<br />

Nicaragua – – 0.1 – 0.2 0.1 23.3 – 0.1 – 0.1 23.9 37.7 70.8 19.5 Nicaragua<br />

Total MCCA 3.5 0.4 13.3 16.6 32.5 19.4 258.4 0.8 14.1 0.9 38.3 398.2 262.6 715.4 646.7 Total CACM<br />

Barbados – – – – – – 0.3 – – – 0.9 1.2 – – – Barbados<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Jamaica – – – 0.9 1.4 0.1 7.1 – 0.7 – 1.3 11.5 0.1 – 0.6 Jamaica<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 3.9 0.2 39.5 1.6 19.2 1.9 63.9 6.8 6.7 – 34.9 178.6 29.1 40.9 42.3 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Bahamas 0.5 – 0.4 – – – 0.2 – – – – 1.1 – – – Bahamas<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice – – – – – – 1.4 – – – 0.1 1.5 – – 0.1 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Panamá 1.1 0.8 0.1 0.5 8.7 4.0 24.1 – 0.8 0.2 4.0 44.3 40.5 9.5 21.2 Panama<br />

República Dominicana 0.4 – 0.6 2.7 2.0 – 3.3 – – 0.1 6.2 15.3 1.5 1.3 1.1 Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname – – 0.3 – – – 4.3 – – – 0.3 4.9 – – – Suriname<br />

Total Región b 7 935.4 990.3 11 217.8 5 337.6 2 880.4 1 254.8 4 017.8 1 583.8 2 608.4 2 025.2 3 405.7 43 257.2 1 297.4 1 310.5 1 676.6 Total Region b<br />

Mundo b 22 274.2 1 501.2 57 071.9 16 326.2 10 158.1 3 536.6 143 303.0 2 765.7 6 646.5 4 379.1 14 769.0 282 731.5 5 337.8 4 486.6 5 342.5 World b<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Estimates.<br />

b Estimaciones.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 243<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.51 COMERCIO INTRARREGIONAL TOTAL DE BIENES, 2000 (conclusión)<br />

TOTAL INTRAREGIONAL TRADE IN GOODS, 2000 (conclu<strong>de</strong>d)<br />

(Sobre la base <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones FOB en millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Based on exports f.o.b. in millions of dollars)<br />

Destino Trinidad República Destination<br />

Total Total<br />

Honduras Nicaragua MCCA Barbados Guyana Jamaica y Tabago Bahamas B<strong>el</strong>ice Haití Panamá Dominicana Suriname Región Mundo<br />

CACM Trinidad B<strong>el</strong>ize Haiti Panama Dominican Region World<br />

Origen and Tobago Republic Origin<br />

Argentina 8.1 3.1 110.3 0.7 0.1 11.6 6.2 6.8 1.6 14.6 28.8 55.9 0.5 12 623.4 26 340.3 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 0.1 0.1 0.5 – – – 0.1 – – – 1.1 1.6 0.9 656.8 1 474.9 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 31.6 9.3 279.2 16.2 4.6 40.4 92.6 26.7 2.0 17.2 81.9 131.7 6.9 13 506.1 55 084.3 Brazil<br />

Chile 12.0 5.3 106.0 2.0 0.2 4.3 3.1 0.9 0.1 6.6 39.2 28.2 0.5 3 950.4 18 214.2 Chile<br />

Colombia 38.4 5.4 254.4 1.9 2.4 21.8 195.4 26.3 1.0 24.3 175.3 101.6 3.3 3 749.9 13 114.6 Colombia<br />

Ecuador 2.3 11.6 157.6 0.1 – 0.8 0.5 3.4 – 0.3 294.4 8.6 – 1 545.4 4 926.4 Ecuador<br />

México a 203.5 93.3 1 363.1 6.7 1.6 113.5 21.1 24.7 46.3 6.5 282.7 534.3 1.3 5 081.9 166 438.7 Mexico a<br />

Paraguay 0.1 0.1 0.8 – – – 0.1 – – – 0.6 0.1 – 649.1 870.9 Paraguay<br />

Perú 4.6 1.8 43.8 0.1 0.2 2.6 15.4 1.8 0.1 4.1 47.3 13.4 0.1 1 242.8 6 865.7 Peru<br />

Uruguay 0.1 0.4 6.0 – – 2.8 6.4 0.4 – 1.8 3.0 8.0 0.2 1 242.0 2 299.5 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 28.1 146.4 755.6 2.1 6.0 113.8 540.1 113.4 0.2 15.3 288.3 859.4 1.9 6 015.0 30 948.1 Republic of)<br />

Total ALADI 328.9 276.8 3 077.3 29.8 15.1 311.6 881.0 204.4 51.3 90.7 1 242.6 1 742.8 15.6 50 262.8 326 577.6 Total LAIA<br />

Costa Rica 115.1 179.3 622.2 2.9 1.6 23.6 4.2 4.0 2.1 6.3 126.1 48.1 0.7 1 030.5 5 486.7 Costa Rica<br />

El Salvador 225.1 107.5 740.6 0.7 0.1 1.6 0.8 0.9 5.8 0.7 39.0 12.2 – 818.9 1 341.5 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 233.1 114.3 815.2 3.9 0.6 8.2 1.8 0.2 13.0 13.4 54.7 22.6 0.9 1 093.9 2 699.4 Guatemala<br />

Honduras – 17.6 310.7 0.7 – 3.5 8.1 – 1.9 0.5 5.1 0.8 0.2 341.2 1 322.1 Honduras<br />

Nicaragua 36.2 – 164.2 – – 0.1 1.2 0.1 0.3 0.7 4.1 3.1 – 197.7 629.3 Nicaragua<br />

Total MCCA 609.5 418.7 2 652.9 8.2 2.3 37.0 16.1 5.2 23.1 21.6 229.0 86.8 1.8 3 482.2 11 479.0 Total CACM<br />

Barbados – – – – 6.7 16.3 30.2 1.1 2.7 0.5 – 0.6 3.4 62.7 190.0 Barbados<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... – ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Jamaica 0.5 – 1.2 7.3 2.8 – 16.8 1.2 3.2 0.9 1.0 6.5 0.7 53.1 1 267.7 Jamaica<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 47.5 20.9 180.7 206.1 97.5 334.4 – 32.3 6.4 25.2 12.8 107.8 108.7 1 290.5 4 273.3 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Bahamas – – – – – 0.3 – – – – – 0.2 – 1.6 244.2 Bahamas<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 0.3 – 0.4 0.8 0.4 4.9 2.5 – – – – – – 10.5 185.3 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... – ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Panamá 22.3 18.0 111.5 – 0.5 2.7 0.9 1.5 0.1 3.6 – 12.1 – 177.2 771.2 Panama<br />

República Dominicana 2.7 0.7 7.3 1.0 0.3 4.6 3.4 0.4 0.1 57.9 18.9 – 1.1 110.3 894.8 Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname – – – 4.4 3.8 2.8 17.3 – – 0.1 – – – 33.3 422.6 Suriname<br />

Total Región b 1 011.7 735.1 6 031.3 257.6 129.4 714.6 968.2 246.1 86.9 200.5 1 504.3 1 956.8 131.3 55 484.2 346 305.7 Total Region b<br />

Mundo b 4 444.8 1 555.1 21 166.8 894.0 591.4 2 864.5 2 928.8 3 515.2 429.8 1 155.7 15 944.3 8 601.3 435.9 341 259.0 6 386 990.0 World b<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Estimates.<br />

b Estimaciones.


244 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.52 COMERCIO INTRARREGIONAL TOTAL DE BIENES, 2001<br />

TOTAL INTRAREGIONAL TRADE IN GOODS, 2001<br />

(Sobre la base <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones FOB en millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Based on exports f.o.b. in millions of dollars)<br />

Destino Venezu<strong>el</strong>a Destination<br />

(República<br />

Total<br />

Argentina Bolivia Brasil Chile Colombia Ecuador México Paraguay Perú Uruguay Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) ALADI Costa El Brazil Mexico Peru Venezu<strong>el</strong>a Rica Salvador<br />

Guatemala<br />

(Bolivarian<br />

LAIA<br />

Origen Republic of) Origin<br />

Argentina – 269.2 6 187.8 2 849.8 187.0 103.0 485.2 500.1 394.1 746.2 235.0 11 957.4 34.2 50.9 43.8 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 67.7 – 300.0 30.5 192.0 10.3 8.4 4.7 67.7 9.5 98.3 789.1 0.2 – 0.2 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 5 002.5 333.4 – 1 351.9 606.2 210.6 1 868.2 720.2 286.2 640.9 1 092.2 12 112.3 100.2 54.2 82.9 Brazil<br />

Chile 618.7 165.1 909.6 – 286.5 260.9 917.0 53.3 586.7 74.9 306.8 4 179.5 61.2 25.7 72.6 Chile<br />

Colombia 37.1 41.8 166.7 168.0 – 699.9 261.3 4.7 277.5 10.4 1 737.4 3 404.8 149.8 29.1 76.7 Colombia<br />

Ecuador 70.9 5.5 15.1 90.9 324.0 – 49.9 0.6 341.4 5.3 165.6 1 069.2 5.2 64.3 12.4 Ecuador<br />

México a 243.7 24.4 584.8 374.3 506.2 127.7 – 12.4 172.5 106.9 697.4 2 850.3 338.0 274.2 559.5 Mexico a<br />

Paraguay 60.8 27.2 277.9 61.5 10.5 1.5 0.8 – 15.6 180.0 7.4 643.2 – – 0.5 Paraguay<br />

Perú 20.5 97.7 227.0 281.9 150.4 120.4 127.9 0.8 – 4.3 145.2 1 176.1 7.6 12.9 19.0 Peru<br />

Uruguay 316.4 2.6 440.7 44.4 21.7 1.6 76.2 82.8 16.9 – 22.4 1 025.7 0.8 0.2 2.0 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 22.4 2.0 674.9 107.5 730.7 211.6 360.9 2.8 295.7 161.6 – 2 570.1 258.5 31.9 189.9 Republic of)<br />

Total ALADI 6 460.7 968.9 9 784.5 5 360.7 3 015.2 1 747.5 4 155.8 1 382.4 2 454.3 1 940.0 4 507.7 41 777.7 955.7 543.4 1 059.5 Total LAIA<br />

Costa Rica 2.6 0.4 16.5 3.8 18.1 17.5 84.5 0.1 8.7 1.4 27.0 180.6 – 154.0 215.0 Costa Rica<br />

El Salvador 0.1 0.2 6.4 1.9 0.2 0.5 24.6 0.1 0.2 – 6.5 40.7 94.6 – 323.2 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 0.5 0.1 0.2 1.8 7.1 0.8 79.0 – 6.5 0.1 7.7 103.8 156.3 477.1 – Guatemala<br />

Honduras – – 0.2 0.3 2.2 0.3 5.2 – – – 0.3 8.5 5.2 128.8 67.1 Honduras<br />

Nicaragua – – – – 1.1 0.6 27.0 – 0.1 – 1.8 30.6 36.6 75.8 22.8 Nicaragua<br />

Total MCCA 3.2 0.7 23.3 7.8 28.7 19.7 220.3 0.2 15.5 1.5 43.3 364.2 292.7 835.7 628.1 Total CACM<br />

Barbados – – 0.1 – – – 0.1 – – – 1.2 1.4 0.2 – – Barbados<br />

Guyana – – 0.1 – – – 0.2 – 0.1 – 2.7 3.1 – – – Guyana<br />

Jamaica 0.6 – – 0.7 1.9 0.1 5.5 – 0.7 – 1.2 10.7 0.1 – 0.6 Jamaica<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 0.7 0.3 42.5 0.1 29.1 1.6 377.3 0.1 5.9 0.1 59.7 517.4 11.5 35.4 57.9 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Bahamas 0.6 – 0.1 – – – 0.5 – – – – 1.2 – – – Bahamas<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice – – 0.1 – – – 1.0 – – – 0.4 1.5 – 0.1 0.5 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Panamá 0.9 0.9 – 0.8 6.3 4.8 15.1 – 0.6 0.1 18.2 47.7 38.8 6.0 17.1 Panama<br />

República Dominicana 0.1 – 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.1 2.4 – 0.5 – 6.2 10.9 2.5 0.7 1.5 Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname 3.8 – 0.2 – – – 9.0 – – – 0.3 13.3 – – 0.1 Suriname<br />

Total Región b 6 470.6 970.8 9 851.1 5 370.4 3 082.3 1 773.8 4 787.2 1 382.7 2 477.6 1 941.7 4 640.9 42 749.1 1 301.5 1 421.3 1 765.3 Total Region b<br />

Mundo b 17 904.5 1 394.3 56 516.6 15 515.4 10 595.3 5 128.2 136 300.0 2 389.2 6 093.8 3 606.7 17 294.8 272 738.8 5 350.5 4 424.8 5 424.8 World b<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Estimates.<br />

b Estimaciones.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 245<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.52 COMERCIO INTRARREGIONAL TOTAL DE BIENES, 2001 (conclusión)<br />

TOTAL INTRAREGIONAL TRADE IN GOODS, 2001 (conclu<strong>de</strong>d)<br />

(Sobre la base <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones FOB en millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Based on exports f.o.b. in millions of dollars)<br />

Destino Trinidad República Destination<br />

Total Total<br />

Honduras Nicaragua MCCA Barbados Guyana Jamaica y Tabago Bahamas B<strong>el</strong>ice Haití Panamá Dominicana Suriname Región Mundo<br />

CACM Trinidad B<strong>el</strong>ize Haiti Panama Dominican Region World<br />

Origen and Tobago Republic Origin<br />

Argentina 7.4 1.6 137.9 0.5 0.2 10.3 6.5 8.4 1.4 20.1 36.1 61.9 0.9 12 241.6 26 542.1 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 0.1 – 0.5 – – – 0.1 0.1 – – 3.9 1.0 0.1 794.8 1 352.9 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 34.8 13.0 285.1 8.3 6.2 59.9 96.9 11.3 3.1 23.4 105.2 132.5 9.3 12 853.5 58 221.3 Brazil<br />

Chile 20.5 6.7 186.7 1.0 0.3 6.9 3.4 2.0 0.2 5.6 29.4 34.6 0.2 4 449.8 18 745.0 Chile<br />

Colombia 24.6 6.3 286.5 3.0 2.5 27.6 171.4 9.0 0.4 28.5 265.1 102.8 3.0 4 304.6 12 301.2 Colombia<br />

Ecuador 5.3 10.1 97.3 0.2 – 9.3 0.7 2.6 – 0.4 297.2 14.7 – 1 491.6 4 647.6 Ecuador<br />

México a 180.2 91.5 1 443.4 30.9 1.4 83.6 28.2 43.7 35.9 6.1 247.0 446.5 5.1 5 222.1 158 423.2 Mexico a<br />

Paraguay – 0.1 0.6 – – – 0.1 – 0.9 – 1.2 0.2 – 646.2 990.3 Paraguay<br />

Perú 7.8 2.0 49.3 0.2 0.9 3.8 18.4 1.2 – 9.8 75.1 13.7 0.1 1 348.6 6 825.3 Peru<br />

Uruguay 0.1 1.4 4.5 – – 0.2 1.5 0.6 0.2 7.2 1.0 8.7 – 1 049.6 2 057.7 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 35.3 127.3 642.9 1.8 8.1 102.1 420.2 138.3 0.2 13.6 185.8 715.4 1.2 4 799.7 25 304.1 Republic of)<br />

Total ALADI 316.1 260.0 3 134.7 45.9 19.6 303.7 747.4 217.2 42.3 114.7 1 247.0 1 532.0 19.9 49 202.1 315 410.7 Total LAIA<br />

Costa Rica 125.3 167.1 661.4 2.9 1.4 32.6 5.9 2.9 2.4 7.4 143.6 54.7 0.9 1 096.7 4 715.7 Costa Rica<br />

El Salvador 184.3 120.2 722.3 1.2 – 4.2 0.6 0.9 7.2 0.5 48.9 12.4 – 838.9 1 213.4 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 295.3 130.6 1 059.3 1.4 0.3 6.2 2.0 0.2 13.8 10.6 43.4 19.9 0.8 1 261.7 2 412.1 Guatemala<br />

Honduras – 10.0 211.1 1.5 – 8.3 6.3 0.2 1.8 1.5 2.0 3.9 – 245.1 1 311.0 Honduras<br />

Nicaragua 38.6 – 173.8 – – – 2.5 – 0.1 – 8.6 2.6 – 218.2 531.9 Nicaragua<br />

Total MCCA 643.5 427.9 2 827.9 7.0 1.7 51.3 17.3 4.2 25.3 20.0 246.5 93.5 1.7 3 660.6 10 184.1 Total CACM<br />

Barbados – – 0.2 – 6.1 15.9 24.1 1.6 2.6 0.4 0.1 0.9 4.5 57.8 176.3 Barbados<br />

Guyana 0.1 0.1 0.2 13.1 – 23.9 15.1 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.2 1.2 6.2 64.9 375.6 Guyana<br />

Jamaica 5.4 – 6.1 7.8 3.7 – 20.1 1.5 2.9 0.5 0.4 3.3 0.8 57.8 1 197.1 Jamaica<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 45.0 11.4 161.2 283.2 96.0 356.7 – 22.4 8.3 4.6 29.0 180.6 76.4 1 735.8 5 113.2 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Bahamas – – – – – 0.4 – – – – 0.1 0.1 – 1.8 228.6 Bahamas<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice – – 0.6 0.8 0.3 4.5 6.3 – – – 0.7 – – 14.7 182.0 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... – ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Panamá 20.1 41.1 123.1 – 0.2 3.8 1.8 0.3 0.2 0.6 – 7.8 – 185.5 807.9 Panama<br />

República Dominicana 3.3 1.1 9.1 1.4 0.6 8.3 3.7 0.7 – 71.9 10.5 – 1.4 118.5 813.7 Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname – 0.2 0.3 0.3 1.2 3.0 2.7 – – – – 0.1 – 20.9 306.2 Suriname<br />

Total Región b 1 033.5 741.8 6 263.4 359.5 129.4 771.5 838.5 248.5 82.1 213.5 1 534.5 1 819.5 110.9 55 120.4 334 795.4 Total Region b<br />

Mundo b 4 254.2 1 572.5 21 026.8 976.6 644.2 3 113.5 3 188.7 3 039.8 439.5 1 062.2 14 827.9 7 735.7 605.8 329 399.3 6 142 150.0 World b<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Estimates.<br />

b Estimaciones.


246 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.53 COMERCIO INTRARREGIONAL TOTAL DE BIENES, 2002<br />

TOTAL INTRAREGIONAL TRADE IN GOODS, 2002<br />

(Sobre la base <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones FOB en millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Based on exports f.o.b. in millions of dollars)<br />

Destino Venezu<strong>el</strong>a Destination<br />

(República<br />

Total<br />

Argentina Bolivia Brasil Chile Colombia Ecuador México Paraguay Perú Uruguay Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) ALADI Costa El Brazil Mexico Peru Venezu<strong>el</strong>a Rica Salvador<br />

Guatemala<br />

(Bolivarian<br />

LAIA<br />

Origen Republic of) Origin<br />

Argentina – 299.4 4 848.0 2 957.8 188.7 162.5 670.3 344.7 444.7 530.5 148.4 10 595.0 27.2 10.3 47.5 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 27.9 – 333.0 32.7 139.6 3.2 19.9 2.7 73.9 1.1 175.0 809.0 5.1 – 0.4 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 2 341.8 420.6 – 1 460.9 636.6 388.3 2 342.4 558.4 436.1 410.5 796.5 9 792.1 160.6 76.7 113.0 Brazil<br />

Chile 232.8 138.9 694.2 – 274.5 251.1 909.4 24.3 466.2 40.9 206.7 3 239.0 64.5 20.6 71.0 Chile<br />

Colombia 13.1 36.9 107.8 171.5 – 811.5 306.6 1.1 347.3 5.4 1 122.1 2 923.3 152.3 31.8 82.7 Colombia<br />

Ecuador 15.3 4.9 14.7 74.4 362.5 – 25.7 3.7 374.5 1.2 64.7 941.6 8.8 81.8 45.8 Ecuador<br />

México a 111.6 20.3 480.9 258.6 555.6 151.3 – 9.0 195.6 110.1 586.4 2 479.4 344.0 265.2 514.1 Mexico a<br />

Paraguay 34.7 16.2 353.0 49.1 3.0 2.6 1.3 – 17.9 165.1 9.7 652.6 1.4 0.1 0.5 Paraguay<br />

Perú 13.2 90.3 193.5 251.3 156.7 135.4 128.5 0.5 – 5.0 113.9 1 088.3 9.0 21.2 28.0 Peru<br />

Uruguay 113.3 2.0 431.8 53.0 13.7 2.7 71.3 61.7 11.4 – 11.2 772.1 1.2 1.6 1.8 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 12.5 3.6 588.4 122.2 796.4 332.1 359.2 3.7 203.6 67.7 – 2 489.4 298.8 34.0 146.7 Republic of)<br />

Total ALADI 2 916.2 1 033.1 8 045.3 5 431.5 3 127.3 2 240.7 4 834.6 1 009.8 2 571.2 1 337.5 3 234.6 35 781.8 1 072.9 543.3 1 051.5 Total LAIA<br />

Costa Rica 0.4 0.3 23.3 3.8 22.1 14.9 113.8 – 7.1 0.7 23.4 209.8 – 138.9 233.3 Costa Rica<br />

El Salvador – – 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.4 31.9 – 0.4 – 4.6 38.3 106.6 – 344.0 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 0.2 – 0.4 8.6 6.0 1.2 76.4 – 6.0 0.1 15.4 114.3 119.1 403.5 – Guatemala<br />

Honduras – – 0.1 0.4 5.7 0.6 11.2 – 0.2 0.2 0.4 18.8 22.1 138.7 63.3 Honduras<br />

Nicaragua – 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.1 24.6 – 0.2 – 3.6 29.5 67.8 109.6 33.2 Nicaragua<br />

Total MCCA 0.6 0.4 24.1 13.8 34.4 17.2 257.9 – 13.9 1.0 47.4 410.7 315.6 790.7 673.8 Total CACM<br />

Barbados 0.1 – – – – – – – – – 0.8 0.9 0.2 – – Barbados<br />

Guyana – – – – – – 0.2 – 0.1 – 2.3 2.6 – – – Guyana<br />

Jamaica – – – – 1.2 0.2 7.8 – 0.8 – 0.4 10.4 0.2 0.1 0.7 Jamaica<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 2.5 0.2 18.4 0.1 53.0 3.7 54.5 – 5.7 – 23.9 162.0 3.3 22.5 46.1 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice – – – – – – 1.4 – – – 0.4 1.8 – – 0.2 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Panamá 0.1 0.4 – 0.1 5.8 3.9 14.8 – 0.6 0.1 8.6 34.4 36.2 7.7 15.9 Panama<br />

República Dominicana ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Total Región b 2 919.5 1 034.1 8 087.8 5 445.5 3 221.7 2 265.7 5 171.2 1 009.8 2 592.3 1 338.6 3 318.4 36 404.6 1 428.4 1 364.3 1 788.2 Total Region b<br />

Mundo b 7 600.3 1 455.4 49 196.5 14 704.2 10 772.8 5 991.1 134 976.0 1 916.4 6 467.8 2 379.9 13 126.9 248 587.4 6 472.1 4 180.4 5 865.3 World b<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Estimates.<br />

b Estimaciones.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 247<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.53 COMERCIO INTRARREGIONAL TOTAL DE BIENES, 2002 (conclusión)<br />

TOTAL INTRAREGIONAL TRADE IN GOODS, 2002 (conclu<strong>de</strong>d)<br />

(Sobre la base <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones FOB en millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Based on exports f.o.b. in millions of dollars)<br />

Destino Trinidad República Destination<br />

Total Total<br />

Honduras Nicaragua MCCA Barbados Guyana Jamaica y Tabago Bahamas B<strong>el</strong>ice Haití Panamá Dominicana Suriname Región Mundo<br />

CACM Trinidad B<strong>el</strong>ize Haiti Panama Dominican Region World<br />

Origen and Tobago Republic Origin<br />

Argentina 8.6 3.1 96.7 11.5 0.7 4.2 6.5 7.4 0.9 10.9 30.7 69.7 1.0 10 835.2 25 649.5 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 0.2 – 5.7 – – – 0.3 0.1 – – 0.5 1.1 – 816.7 1 371.4 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 48.0 20.5 418.8 9.4 8.7 67.7 144.7 101.8 3.3 23.8 125.5 209.2 10.6 10 915.6 60 360.7 Brazil<br />

Chile 19.6 5.4 181.1 1.3 0.3 6.4 3.9 0.9 0.1 4.9 37.4 34.5 0.2 3 510.0 17 422.6 Chile<br />

Colombia 28.6 5.0 300.4 1.8 2.9 22.2 57.3 47.1 1.2 37.2 214.7 165.6 3.7 3 777.4 11 897.1 Colombia<br />

Ecuador 20.2 26.5 183.1 0.4 – 61.7 0.9 8.8 0.1 0.3 170.3 19.8 – 1 387.0 5 041.4 Ecuador<br />

México a 207.7 91.0 1 422.0 57.8 1.4 70.2 19.8 49.3 62.2 5.3 316.0 403.7 2.7 4 889.8 160 668.7 Mexico a<br />

Paraguay 0.1 0.2 2.3 – – – 0.1 – 0.7 – 0.5 0.1 – 656.3 950.4 Paraguay<br />

Perú 9.7 3.1 71.0 0.1 1.0 1.0 13.7 14.6 – 11.1 48.5 17.1 0.1 1 266.5 7 490.1 Peru<br />

Uruguay 0.3 – 4.9 – – 0.2 0.3 0.1 – 3.4 2.0 2.6 0.1 785.7 1 860.8 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 67.4 117.7 664.6 1.5 6.2 103.6 318.9 204.5 1.0 19.4 179.0 679.6 1.3 4 669.0 23 986.9 Republic of)<br />

Total ALADI 410.4 272.5 3 350.6 83.8 21.2 337.2 566.4 434.6 69.5 116.3 1 125.1 1 603.0 19.7 43 509.2 316 699.6 Total LAIA<br />

Costa Rica 149.9 164.2 686.3 3.2 0.9 32.3 6.9 3.0 2.7 6.2 143.0 73.6 0.2 1 168.1 4 950.0 Costa Rica<br />

El Salvador 176.1 112.5 739.2 2.2 0.1 2.2 0.6 0.7 7.5 0.9 45.0 20.8 – 857.5 1 233.8 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 236.6 114.4 873.6 0.6 – 4.5 0.5 0.4 15.0 8.1 49.1 30.3 0.4 1 096.8 2 227.0 Guatemala<br />

Honduras – 16.5 240.6 1.9 – 15.1 7.0 0.5 2.5 0.7 6.5 3.0 – 296.6 961.9 Honduras<br />

Nicaragua 59.5 – 270.1 – – 0.5 – – 0.2 – 27.3 3.2 – 330.8 634.6 Nicaragua<br />

Total MCCA 622.1 407.6 2 809.8 7.9 1.0 54.6 15.0 4.6 27.9 15.9 270.9 130.9 0.6 3 749.8 10 007.3 Total CACM<br />

Barbados – – 0.2 – 6.9 13.3 21.1 0.9 2.4 0.3 0.3 1.3 4.9 52.5 161.3 Barbados<br />

Guyana – – – 12.9 – 28.4 21.8 – 0.9 0.9 0.1 0.6 6.0 74.2 337.6 Guyana<br />

Jamaica 0.5 0.1 1.6 7.5 2.7 – 15.9 1.5 3.5 0.5 0.7 2.9 0.6 47.8 1 084.1 Jamaica<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 33.9 8.3 114.1 178.5 82.5 292.6 – 23.8 9.8 4.5 29.1 78.4 55.6 1 030.9 3 852.8 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... ... – ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice – – 0.2 2.0 0.5 5.5 3.0 0.2 – – – – 0.1 13.3 164.5 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... – ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Panamá 33.6 20.9 114.3 – 0.2 3.8 2.4 12.7 0.4 0.1 – 15.8 0.1 184.2 753.5 Panama<br />

República Dominicana ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... – ... ... ... Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... – ... ... Suriname<br />

Total Región b 1 100.5 709.4 6 390.8 292.6 115.0 735.4 645.6 478.3 114.4 138.5 1 426.2 1 832.9 87.6 48 661.9 333 060.7 Total Region b<br />

Mundo b 4 387.5 1 613.0 22 518.4 827.5 511.6 3 180.6 2 748.9 5 213.6 429.6 1 042.8 13 946.3 8 305.1 540.6 307 852.4 6 429 760.0 World b<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Estimates.<br />

b Estimaciones.


248 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.54 COMERCIO INTRARREGIONAL TOTAL DE BIENES, 2003<br />

TOTAL INTRAREGIONAL TRADE IN GOODS, 2003<br />

(Sobre la base <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones FOB en millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Based on exports f.o.b. in millions of dollars)<br />

Destino Venezu<strong>el</strong>a Destination<br />

(República<br />

Total<br />

Argentina Bolivia Brasil Chile Colombia Ecuador México Paraguay Perú Uruguay Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) ALADI Costa El Brazil Mexico Peru Venezu<strong>el</strong>a Rica Salvador<br />

Guatemala<br />

(Bolivarian<br />

LAIA<br />

Origen Republic of) Origin<br />

Argentina – 242.0 4 666.3 3 537.6 226.5 135.7 796.3 445.7 415.1 532.5 139.7 11 137.4 35.4 19.0 75.1 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 57.4 – 504.2 44.2 157.8 13.9 21.1 4.3 90.0 0.9 176.3 1 070.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 4 561.1 359.7 – 1 880.2 748.7 355.1 2 741.3 707.1 487.8 403.5 605.7 12 850.2 210.9 86.9 163.6 Brazil<br />

Chile 311.1 136.7 854.5 – 287.9 291.8 910.0 23.7 421.1 38.5 139.2 3 414.5 72.9 30.8 139.5 Chile<br />

Colombia 18.9 36.4 92.8 188.2 – 778.9 358.2 1.4 395.3 4.4 694.5 2 569.0 193.7 37.6 91.1 Colombia<br />

Ecuador 35.4 5.5 20.6 75.7 375.6 – 49.6 0.4 642.5 1.1 59.3 1 265.7 6.6 113.1 54.6 Ecuador<br />

México a 191.7 23.8 419.0 322.6 520.3 129.3 – 8.3 166.1 141.6 328.9 2 251.6 331.3 259.5 536.1 Mexico a<br />

Paraguay 66.4 21.4 424.9 12.6 1.4 2.3 3.2 – 17.9 243.1 6.5 799.7 0.6 0.1 1.1 Paraguay<br />

Perú 19.2 99.3 231.2 416.0 187.2 154.3 108.0 0.3 – 8.6 108.6 1 332.7 9.1 8.2 26.1 Peru<br />

Uruguay 155.2 2.4 470.8 71.4 13.0 2.1 91.3 47.8 8.9 – 5.7 868.6 0.8 4.0 4.1 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 11.7 4.2 259.6 71.0 650.8 198.5 376.4 4.7 237.7 1.2 – 1 815.8 210.4 89.2 35.9 Republic of)<br />

Total ALADI 5 428.1 931.4 7 943.9 6 619.5 3 169.2 2 061.9 5 455.4 1 243.7 2 882.4 1 375.4 2 264.4 39 375.3 1 071.8 648.6 1 127.6 Total LAIA<br />

Costa Rica 0.9 0.3 16.8 6.2 26.1 11.5 130.3 – 9.6 0.7 22.7 225.1 – 170.6 253.4 Costa Rica<br />

El Salvador 0.3 – 0.1 0.7 0.8 0.4 37.4 0.3 0.5 – 3.9 44.4 102.0 – 361.2 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 0.1 0.1 0.5 3.4 6.6 2.3 106.9 – 1.4 0.3 3.2 124.8 152.5 501.7 – Guatemala<br />

Honduras 0.6 – 1.4 0.5 8.3 0.6 30.1 – 0.2 0.9 1.3 43.9 26.2 120.5 75.5 Honduras<br />

Nicaragua – – – – 0.3 0.1 27.9 – 0.2 – 0.9 29.4 49.3 104.3 25.9 Nicaragua<br />

Total MCCA 1.9 0.4 18.8 10.8 42.1 14.9 332.6 0.3 11.9 1.9 32.0 467.6 330.0 897.1 716.0 Total CACM<br />

Barbados b 0.2 0.3 0.1 – 0.1 0.1 1.0 – – – – 1.8 0.1 0.1 0.1 Barbados b<br />

Guyana 0.1 – 0.2 0.3 – 0.1 0.4 – 0.1 – 1.0 2.2 0.3 0.1 – Guyana<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

Trinidad y Tabago b 0.9 0.2 31.9 – 28.1 9.8 64.7 – 10.6 – 49.4 195.6 7.1 37.7 35.4 Trinidad and Tobago b<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice b 0.1 – – – – – 3.3 – – – – 3.4 0.1 1.2 1.8 B<strong>el</strong>ize b<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Panamá 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 8.6 3.9 12.1 – 0.3 – 2.1 27.7 33.5 9.4 13.3 Panama<br />

República Dominicana ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Total Región c 5 431.4 932.5 7 995.0 6 630.9 3 248.1 2 090.7 5 869.5 1 244.0 2 905.3 1 377.3 2 348.9 40 073.6 1 442.9 1 594.2 1 894.2 Total Region c<br />

Mundo c 12 835.9 1 320.0 48 657.1 16 797.0 11 788.6 5 847.3 137 027.0 2 317.2 7 209.6 2 756.4 8 592.2 255 147.9 6 875.9 4 604.6 6 503.8 World c<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s re-exports.<br />

b Incluye las re-exportaciones.<br />

c Estimates.<br />

c Estimaciones.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 249<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.54 COMERCIO INTRARREGIONAL TOTAL DE BIENES, 2003 (conclusión)<br />

TOTAL INTRAREGIONAL TRADE IN GOODS, 2003 (conclu<strong>de</strong>d)<br />

(Sobre la base <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones FOB en millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Based on exports f.o.b. in millions of dollars)<br />

Destino Trinidad República Destination<br />

Total Total<br />

Honduras Nicaragua MCCA Barbados Guyana Jamaica y Tabago Bahamas B<strong>el</strong>ice Haití Panamá Dominicana Suriname Región Mundo<br />

CACM Trinidad B<strong>el</strong>ize Haiti Panama Dominican Region World<br />

Origen and Tobago Republic Origin<br />

Argentina 9.8 7.0 146.3 0.9 1.5 5.1 16.0 1.5 2.1 12.0 59.7 69.6 2.4 11 454.5 29 937.6 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 0.2 0.1 1.0 – 0.1 – 0.4 0.1 – 0.1 0.4 1.2 – 1 073.4 1 676.7 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 72.4 25.4 559.2 12.2 9.6 84.4 223.1 391.5 2.7 31.6 182.6 226.4 16.4 14 589.9 73 082.3 Brazil<br />

Chile 22.6 5.6 271.4 1.1 0.5 10.4 5.6 1.6 5.8 3.6 97.2 27.6 0.5 3 839.8 20 076.6 Chile<br />

Colombia 35.2 6.2 363.8 2.5 3.2 29.5 98.4 38.9 1.3 34.3 170.4 342.4 5.2 3 658.9 13 091.8 Colombia<br />

Ecuador 28.0 23.7 226.0 0.4 – 64.9 2.8 2.7 – 0.5 245.4 10.7 0.1 1 819.2 6 222.4 Ecuador<br />

México a 208.3 111.0 1 446.2 3.2 1.2 84.2 14.2 40.8 54.6 8.6 355.6 384.0 2.2 4 646.4 165 393.3 Mexico a<br />

Paraguay 0.1 0.1 2.0 – – – 0.2 – – – 0.5 0.4 – 802.8 1 241.7 Paraguay<br />

Perú 7.0 3.0 53.4 0.1 1.4 0.9 14.4 5.8 0.3 14.2 145.4 16.6 0.3 1 585.5 8 748.9 Peru<br />

Uruguay 1.3 0.1 10.3 – – 0.2 0.9 0.3 – 0.1 15.2 2.5 0.8 898.9 2 205.7 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 41.2 122.8 499.5 0.4 5.2 69.6 384.3 63.9 0.9 8.3 111.8 187.7 1.1 3 148.5 24 974.0 Republic of)<br />

Total ALADI 426.1 305.0 3 579.1 20.8 22.7 349.2 760.3 547.1 67.7 113.3 1 384.2 1 269.1 29.0 47 517.8 346 651.0 Total LAIA<br />

Costa Rica 155.4 186.2 765.6 4.8 2.4 39.4 14.5 3.8 4.4 6.2 163.3 66.1 1.8 1 297.4 5 800.3 Costa Rica<br />

El Salvador 184.9 98.0 746.1 1.0 – 4.5 0.9 1.0 8.6 0.6 46.3 22.2 – 875.6 1 255.1 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 281.1 153.9 1 089.2 0.4 0.1 5.7 0.6 – 29.5 9.6 91.6 34.3 0.1 1 385.9 2 634.2 Guatemala<br />

Honduras – 29.9 252.1 3.0 – 12.7 6.0 0.3 5.8 1.3 6.1 3.1 0.4 334.7 992.4 Honduras<br />

Nicaragua 43.4 – 222.9 – 0.3 0.2 – – 0.1 0.1 4.7 6.2 – 263.9 605.3 Nicaragua<br />

Total MCCA 664.8 468.0 3 075.9 9.2 2.8 62.5 22.0 5.1 48.4 17.8 312.0 131.9 2.3 4 157.5 11 287.3 Total CACM<br />

Barbados b – – 0.3 – 6.5 17.2 31.4 2.6 1.5 0.6 1.8 0.9 3.6 68.2 334.8 Barbados b<br />

Guyana – – 0.4 19.2 – 26.5 27.9 – 0.5 2.4 0.4 0.9 6.8 87.2 379.3 Guyana<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

Trinidad y Tabago b 41.8 17.5 139.5 213.0 154.7 359.1 – 46.3 7.2 8.0 41.9 85.3 88.8 1 339.4 5 364.4 Trinidad and Tobago b<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice b 1.4 0.1 4.6 1.2 0.7 9.5 6.1 0.1 – – 0.5 0.2 – 26.3 215.0 B<strong>el</strong>ize b<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Panamá 13.4 24.8 94.4 0.1 0.3 3.3 2.5 0.2 0.1 1.8 – 8.3 0.4 139.1 799.0 Panama<br />

República Dominicana ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Total Región c 1 147.5 815.4 6 894.2 263.5 187.7 827.3 850.2 601.4 125.4 143.9 1 740.8 1 496.6 130.9 53 335.5 365 030.8 Total Region c<br />

Mundo c 4 843.4 1 782.2 24 609.9 977.4 529.8 3 444.9 3 369.6 5 105.5 486.6 1 095.9 15 941.0 7 974.4 593.0 319 275.7 7 501 560.0 World c<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s re-exports.<br />

b Incluye las re-exportaciones.<br />

c Estimates.<br />

c Estimaciones.


250 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.55 COMERCIO INTRARREGIONAL TOTAL DE BIENES, 2004<br />

TOTAL INTRAREGIONAL TRADE IN GOODS, 2004<br />

(Sobre la base <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones FOB en millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Based on exports f.o.b. in millions of dollars)<br />

Destino Venezu<strong>el</strong>a Destination<br />

(República<br />

Total<br />

Argentina Bolivia Brasil Chile Colombia Ecuador México Paraguay Perú Uruguay Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) ALADI Costa El Brazil Mexico Peru Venezu<strong>el</strong>a Rica Salvador<br />

Guatemala<br />

(Bolivarian<br />

LAIA<br />

Origen Republic of) Origin<br />

Argentina – 296.8 5 586.7 3 837.9 273.4 196.3 1 035.0 520.2 495.4 662.9 433.8 13 338.4 59.1 56.5 87.5 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 131.7 – 713.8 51.2 119.7 5.4 27.0 17.6 137.9 1.5 244.5 1 450.3 0.2 7.8 1.5 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 7 373.2 535.3 – 2 545.9 1 038.0 492.6 3 947.6 871.8 631.4 667.0 1 464.6 19 567.4 356.4 137.0 252.9 Brazil<br />

Chile 448.4 139.1 1 402.6 – 308.9 322.7 1 307.1 33.5 526.2 66.9 272.7 4 828.1 97.0 56.4 165.6 Chile<br />

Colombia 36.3 59.6 141.2 254.3 – 1 010.7 525.1 2.1 544.2 5.6 1 623.0 4 202.1 235.2 46.2 127.2 Colombia<br />

Ecuador 34.6 7.5 74.8 125.8 334.8 – 42.3 1.2 605.8 1.2 126.3 1 354.3 7.2 68.8 36.2 Ecuador<br />

México a 421.5 33.6 570.8 557.1 623.9 151.9 – 11.1 178.9 340.7 610.2 3 499.7 345.9 287.3 601.3 Mexico a<br />

Paraguay 101.8 22.4 312.5 29.5 1.5 7.1 4.7 – 19.8 451.2 9.2 959.7 0.5 0.1 1.0 Paraguay<br />

Perú 36.3 130.7 356.0 621.5 256.2 204.5 228.1 0.6 – 8.9 195.5 2 038.3 11.0 17.1 64.5 Peru<br />

Uruguay 222.7 3.2 482.8 60.8 13.3 1.4 117.0 58.5 24.4 – 32.3 1 016.4 0.7 1.6 2.9 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 207.2 4.3 164.7 104.1 1 042.0 380.6 585.7 1.6 553.7 1.9 – 3 045.8 303.5 170.2 56.6 Republic of)<br />

Total ALADI 9 013.7 1 232.5 9 805.9 8 188.1 4 011.7 2 773.2 7 819.6 1 518.2 3 717.7 2 207.8 5 012.1 55 300.5 1 416.7 849.0 1 397.2 Total LAIA<br />

Costa Rica 1.7 0.6 18.1 10.6 31.6 15.2 178.4 0.1 9.3 0.5 34.1 300.2 – 195.9 272.8 Costa Rica<br />

El Salvador 0.1 0.1 0.3 2.6 0.9 0.7 35.8 0.1 0.2 0.1 2.3 43.2 100.4 – 387.1 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 1.2 0.3 0.9 7.2 6.9 6.0 133.3 0.1 6.0 – 14.7 176.6 181.2 544.8 – Guatemala<br />

Honduras ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Honduras<br />

Nicaragua – – – 0.1 0.8 – 39.9 – 0.1 – 1.4 42.3 50.6 109.0 32.2 Nicaragua<br />

Total MCCA 3.0 1.0 19.3 20.5 40.2 21.9 387.4 0.3 15.6 0.6 52.5 562.3 332.2 849.7 692.1 Total CACM<br />

Barbados b – – 0.1 – 0.1 – 0.1 – – – – 0.3 0.1 0.1 – Barbados b<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Panamá – 0.2 0.4 0.2 11.9 5.7 13.9 – 1.5 – 2.1 35.9 36.9 10.6 11.6 Panama<br />

República Dominicana ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Total Región c 9 016.7 1 233.7 9 825.7 8 208.8 4 063.9 2 800.8 8 221.0 1 518.5 3 734.8 2 208.4 5 066.7 55 899.0 1 785.9 1 709.4 2 100.9 Total Region c<br />

Mundo c 19 999.1 1 674.3 64 943.1 21 400.0 14 508.6 7 118.4 161 292.0 3 018.1 8 314.5 3 522.5 15 670.2 321 461.2 7 396.0 5 118.5 7 611.6 World c<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s re-exports.<br />

b Incluye las re-exportaciones.<br />

c Estimates.<br />

c Estimaciones.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 251<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.55 COMERCIO INTRARREGIONAL TOTAL DE BIENES, 2004 (conclusión)<br />

TOTAL INTRAREGIONAL TRADE IN GOODS, 2004 (conclu<strong>de</strong>d)<br />

(Sobre la base <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones FOB en millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Based on exports f.o.b. in millions of dollars)<br />

Destino Trinidad República Destination<br />

Total Total<br />

Honduras Nicaragua MCCA Barbados Guyana Jamaica y Tabago Bahamas B<strong>el</strong>ice Haití Panamá Dominicana Suriname Región Mundo<br />

CACM Trinidad B<strong>el</strong>ize Haiti Panama Dominican Region World<br />

Origen and Tobago Republic Origin<br />

Argentina 32.4 13.3 248.8 2.5 1.2 10.2 23.9 25.4 1.0 12.8 84.2 107.3 3.4 13 859.1 34 548.8 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 0.2 0.1 9.8 – 0.1 1.0 0.1 – – 0.1 8.0 1.7 – 1 471.1 2 254.3 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 90.3 44.5 881.1 13.8 13.6 115.9 538.2 487.7 1.7 25.3 214.1 267.7 28.3 22 154.8 96 473.2 Brazil<br />

Chile 57.2 8.4 384.6 1.2 0.4 18.0 5.4 1.5 0.4 4.7 167.5 28.6 1.0 5 441.4 30 894.5 Chile<br />

Colombia 37.1 6.2 451.9 1.9 3.8 68.3 70.5 44.2 1.0 38.4 216.5 436.8 5.6 5 541.0 16 729.1 Colombia<br />

Ecuador 9.4 25.0 146.6 0.8 – 37.0 1.3 1.4 0.4 1.1 1 088.9 23.0 – 2 654.8 7 752.4 Ecuador<br />

México a 209.4 136.8 1 580.7 5.5 1.2 88.4 12.7 34.5 57.0 9.8 354.7 419.5 4.9 6 068.6 189 180.9 Mexico a<br />

Paraguay 0.1 0.3 2.0 – 0.4 – 0.1 – 0.1 – 2.9 0.6 – 965.8 1 625.6 Paraguay<br />

Perú 10.9 10.7 114.2 0.4 1.7 2.6 11.7 3.2 0.7 17.0 173.1 19.7 0.4 2 383.0 12 082.9 Peru<br />

Uruguay 1.1 0.1 6.4 0.9 – 0.6 9.1 0.7 – 3.3 9.5 2.9 1.3 1 051.1 2 918.2 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 18.7 384.0 933.0 0.7 9.9 85.4 133.4 57.1 0.6 6.0 239.7 525.3 1.9 5 038.8 33 625.5 Republic of)<br />

Total ALADI 466.8 629.4 4 759.1 27.7 32.3 427.4 806.4 655.7 62.9 118.5 2 559.1 1 833.1 46.8 66 629.5 428 085.4 Total LAIA<br />

Costa Rica 185.6 219.9 874.2 6.2 3.2 38.7 16.3 21.4 4.6 4.6 178.9 70.6 2.3 1 521.2 5 952.3 Costa Rica<br />

El Salvador 206.0 128.6 822.1 0.5 0.1 4.2 1.0 1.3 8.7 0.9 46.1 25.2 – 953.3 1 474.6 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 347.5 174.5 1 248.0 1.7 0.5 11.7 3.1 1.6 35.1 5.4 110.5 32.8 – 1 627.0 2 931.4 Guatemala<br />

Honduras ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Honduras<br />

Nicaragua 56.4 – 248.2 – – 0.1 – – – 4.3 3.8 5.9 – 304.6 727.2 Nicaragua<br />

Total MCCA 795.5 523.0 3 192.5 8.4 3.8 54.7 20.4 24.3 48.4 15.2 339.3 134.5 2.3 4 406.1 11 085.5 Total CACM<br />

Barbados b – – 0.2 – 7.7 12.6 28.9 2.2 1.3 0.8 0.4 0.7 3.4 58.5 216.5 Barbados b<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Panamá 15.4 18.2 92.7 0.2 0.1 7.8 1.7 0.3 0.2 2.7 – 9.8 0.1 151.5 890.4 Panama<br />

República Dominicana ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Total Región c 1 277.7 1 170.6 8 044.5 36.3 43.9 502.5 857.4 682.5 112.8 137.2 2 898.8 1 978.1 52.6 71 245.6 440 277.8 Total Region c<br />

Mundo c 5 758.2 2 258.0 28 142.2 1 072.6 554.8 3 631.7 5 043.4 5 150.4 508.8 1 288.1 19 405.6 9 038.4 681.4 395 978.5 9 113 970.0 World c<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods processed un<strong>de</strong>r maquila arrangements.<br />

a Incluye bienes transformados por <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> maquila.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s re-exports.<br />

b Incluye las re-exportaciones.<br />

c Estimates.<br />

c Estimaciones.


252 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.56 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: EXPORTACIONES TOTALES DE BIENES FOB, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: EXPORTS OF GOODS, f.o.b., 1980-2004<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 53.1 49.7 38.6 44.8 45.0 55.4 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 21 161.7 26 341.0 26 542.7 25 650.6 29 938.8 34 550.2 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 225.4 805.3 423.1 446.3 424.7 471.2 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 245.4 286.4 271.2 253.0 264.2 278.2 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 164.6 212.3 275.0 310.4 316.3 299.0 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 1 041.4 1 246.1 1 284.8 1 298.7 1 597.8 2 146.0 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 46 506.0 55 085.6 58 222.6 60 361.8 73 084.1 96 475.2 Brazil<br />

Chile 16 025.0 19 210.2 18 271.8 18 179.8 21 523.6 32 024.9 Chile<br />

Colombia 10 593.4 13 722.2 12 848.0 12 316.0 13 825.0 17 245.9 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 3 481.8 5 813.4 4 923.2 5 269.9 6 163.0 6 369.7 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 1 507.3 1 675.3 1 621.9 1 422.0 1 671.0 2 180.0 Cuba<br />

Dominica 50.3 54.7 44.4 43.6 41.0 42.8 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 4 468.3 5 137.2 4 781.5 5 198.3 6 380.8 7 910.4 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1 651.1 2 963.2 2 891.6 3 019.8 3 152.6 3 329.6 El Salvador<br />

Granada 24.6 83.0 63.6 42.0 45.5 36.5 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 2 157.5 3 081.9 2 859.8 2 819.0 3 059.9 3 429.5 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 495.7 505.2 490.3 494.9 512.8 589.0 Guyana<br />

Haití 88.3 331.7 305.2 274.4 333.2 377.7 Haiti<br />

Honduras 1 377.2 2 011.6 1 935.5 1 977.1 2 094.3 2 411.2 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 1 796.0 1 562.8 1 454.4 1 309.1 1 385.6 1 601.6 Jamaica<br />

México 79 541.6 166 454.8 158 779.7 161 046.0 164 766.4 187 998.5 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 545.0 880.6 894.7 916.8 1 049.6 1 362.9 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 6 090.9 5 838.5 5 992.4 5 314.7 5 048.9 5 885.6 Panama<br />

Paraguay 4 218.6 2 329.0 1 889.7 1 858.0 2 175.3 2 706.5 Paraguay<br />

Perú 5 491.4 6 954.9 7 025.7 7 722.9 9 090.7 12 616.9 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 3 779.5 5 736.7 5 276.3 5 165.0 5 470.8 5 748.0 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 36.6 51.5 55.0 64.4 57.3 57.4 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 61.9 51.8 42.8 41.2 40.1 39.3 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 114.6 52.9 54.3 69.3 71.8 109.2 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 415.6 399.1 437.0 369.3 487.3 634.2 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 2 456.1 4 290.3 4 304.2 3 920.0 5 204.9 6 402.9 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 2 147.6 2 383.8 2 139.5 1 922.1 2 281.1 3 025.0 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 19 082.0 33 529.0 26 667.0 26 781.0 27 170.0 38 748.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 237 095.5 369 131.7 353 107.5 355 922.2 388 773.4 477 158.4 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 229 448.3 359 051.4 343 531.7 347 091.9 378 205.9 464 361.7 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c 6 139.9 8 405.0 7 953.9 7 408.3 8 896.5 10 616.7 Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile,<br />

Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti,<br />

Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,<br />

Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 253<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.57 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: IMPORTACIONES TOTALES DE BIENES FOB, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: IMPORTS OF GOODS, f.o.b., 1980-2004<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 291.0 342.4 321.2 335.6 353.2 378.9 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 18 804.3 23 889.1 19 157.8 8 473.1 13 134.2 21 311.1 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 1 156.7 2 176.4 1 763.6 1 598.1 1 630.2 1 809.7 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 691.1 1 030.3 952.3 955.0 1 065.6 1 260.0 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 230.6 403.7 488.7 500.3 525.6 480.8 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 1 223.7 1 610.2 1 707.7 1 774.9 1 615.9 1 844.2 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 49 663.0 55 783.3 55 572.2 47 240.5 48 290.2 62 809.0 Brazil<br />

Chile 14 644.0 17 091.4 16 428.2 15 794.2 18 001.7 23 005.7 Chile<br />

Colombia 13 138.9 11 089.6 12 268.9 12 077.5 13 257.8 15 877.9 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 3 804.4 6 023.8 5 743.3 6 537.1 7 294.4 7 832.7 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 2 991.6 4 795.6 4 793.2 4 129.5 4 613.0 5 549.0 Cuba<br />

Dominica 103.2 130.4 115.7 102.4 104.9 127.7 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 4 534.6 3 742.6 5 178.7 6 196.0 6 294.4 7 497.3 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 3 113.5 4 702.8 4 824.1 4 884.7 5 428.2 5 948.8 El Salvador<br />

Granada 129.8 220.9 196.8 181.4 226.4 238.4 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 3 032.6 4 742.0 5 142.0 5 791.0 6 175.7 7 189.1 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 536.5 585.4 584.1 563.1 571.7 646.9 Guyana<br />

Haití 517.2 1 086.7 1 055.4 980.4 1 116.0 1 182.8 Haiti<br />

Honduras 1 518.6 2 669.6 2 769.4 2 806.1 3 059.0 3 678.5 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 2 625.3 3 004.3 3 072.6 3 179.6 3 329.4 3 546.1 Jamaica<br />

México 72 453.0 174 457.8 168 396.5 168 678.9 170 545.8 196 809.6 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 929.5 1 801.5 1 804.3 1 834.4 2 021.3 2 451.7 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 6 679.8 6 981.4 6 688.6 6 349.8 6 161.6 7 470.9 Panama<br />

Paraguay 4 489.0 2 866.1 2 503.6 2 137.9 2 450.5 3 116.3 Paraguay<br />

Perú 7 732.9 7 365.9 7 220.6 7 416.9 8 255.0 9 824.2 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 5 170.4 9 478.5 8 779.3 8 837.7 7 626.8 7 844.3 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 117.1 172.7 166.6 177.6 175.6 175.4 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 119.4 144.4 152.0 157.8 176.8 199.0 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 269.4 312.5 272.1 271.9 354.5 384.7 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 292.6 246.1 297.2 321.9 448.1 592.8 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 1 868.5 3 321.5 3 586.1 3 682.3 3 911.7 4 894.2 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 2 710.6 3 311.1 2 914.8 1 873.8 2 097.8 2 990.3 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 12 069.0 16 865.0 19 207.0 13 360.0 10 687.0 17 318.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 237 651.8 372 445.0 364 124.6 339 201.4 351 000.0 426 286.0 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 226 229.0 355 558.4 347 362.4 323 044.9 333 513.3 406 002.4 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c 8 431.2 12 091.0 11 969.0 12 027.0 12 873.7 14 734.6 Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile,<br />

Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti,<br />

Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,<br />

Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


254 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.58 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: EXPORTACIONES TOTALES DE SERVICIOS, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: EXPORTS OF SERVICES, 1980-2004<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 348.5 416.4 402.7 391.8 413.3 467.5 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 3 816.8 4 807.9 4 626.9 3 295.4 4 224.5 5 221.9 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 1 542.3 2 036.6 1 859.8 1 981.4 1 980.3 2 119.1 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 866.6 1 090.2 1 068.5 1 041.3 1 165.5 1 181.4 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 132.8 172.4 174.6 184.1 212.9 226.6 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 192.4 224.0 235.9 256.7 364.0 399.8 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 6 135.0 9 498.4 9 321.9 9 551.3 10 447.0 12 583.5 Brazil<br />

Chile 3 332.9 4 082.9 4 138.4 4 385.5 4 949.5 5 956.4 Chile<br />

Colombia 1 700.7 2 048.7 2 190.0 1 867.0 1 899.6 2 249.8 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 969.1 1 936.3 1 926.0 1 869.9 2 027.0 2 240.5 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 1 528.2 3 114.1 2 953.8 2 836.0 3 200.0 3 680.0 Cuba<br />

Dominica 61.4 89.8 76.9 79.7 77.3 87.6 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 727.8 849.3 862.2 883.9 882.3 921.3 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 388.6 698.4 703.6 783.2 853.5 971.5 El Salvador<br />

Granada 99.2 152.8 133.3 130.5 134.0 157.3 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 665.9 777.8 1 044.8 1 145.4 1 058.8 1 178.1 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 133.5 169.2 172.0 172.3 185.5 145.7 Guyana<br />

Haití 104.1 172.5 139.7 146.7 135.2 132.6 Haiti<br />

Honduras 257.6 478.9 487.3 530.2 598.4 654.6 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 1 597.9 2 025.7 1 897.0 1 912.2 2 131.6 2 297.1 Jamaica<br />

México 9 779.5 13 712.3 12 660.3 12 691.6 12 532.9 13 912.7 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 116.6 221.3 223.1 225.5 257.6 289.7 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 1 519.4 1 994.4 2 004.5 2 277.9 2 556.6 2 725.8 Panama<br />

Paraguay 583.8 595.3 555.2 568.4 590.8 586.1 Paraguay<br />

Perú 1 131.1 1 528.9 1 455.0 1 543.7 1 695.3 1 913.9 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 1 951.3 3 227.6 3 110.3 3 070.8 3 468.8 3 503.9 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 81.9 98.5 99.0 90.6 107.9 136.1 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 74.4 127.7 133.2 137.1 132.8 145.2 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 265.0 324.0 273.5 249.9 318.3 367.1 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 104.1 90.9 59.4 38.5 59.5 141.3 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 342.6 553.8 573.8 637.0 684.9 932.0 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 1 359.2 1 275.8 1 122.5 771.3 803.0 987.2 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 1 671.0 1 182.0 1 376.0 1 060.0 878.0 1 098.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 43 581.2 59 774.8 58 061.1 56 806.8 61 026.6 69 611.3 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 36 402.8 49 312.7 48 183.6 46 924.4 50 222.8 57 527.3 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c 5 650.2 7 348.0 6 923.7 7 046.4 7 603.8 8 404.0 Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile,<br />

Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti,<br />

Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,<br />

Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 255<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.59 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: IMPORTACIONES TOTALES DE SERVICIOS, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: IMPORTS OF SERVICES, 1980-2004<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 147.9 154.3 171.9 174.7 182.1 190.4 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 7 233.7 9 130.4 8 489.5 4 884.5 5 619.0 6 866.3 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 639.1 1 007.2 969.0 1 001.2 1 078.7 1 221.9 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 363.2 487.4 498.5 491.4 518.8 519.8 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 94.9 119.8 121.8 130.7 139.3 173.4 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 350.2 467.7 271.9 297.2 433.0 475.3 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 13 630.0 16 660.4 17 081.2 14 508.5 15 378.1 17 260.2 Brazil<br />

Chile 3 657.0 4 801.7 4 982.6 5 087.0 5 566.7 6 536.7 Chile<br />

Colombia 2 884.9 3 327.8 3 602.0 3 301.8 3 340.4 4 051.3 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 913.0 1 273.5 1 168.9 1 182.1 1 188.4 1 307.7 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 682.8 808.1 640.4 625.0 650.0 670.0 Cuba<br />

Dominica 43.7 52.7 50.0 53.9 43.7 46.3 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 1 173.3 1 269.3 1 434.1 1 631.6 1 616.2 1 890.2 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 509.8 933.3 954.0 1 022.9 1 033.4 1 080.3 El Salvador<br />

Granada 38.5 89.2 84.9 91.8 83.0 94.2 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 694.9 825.6 927.9 1 066.1 1 126.3 1 293.5 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 171.8 193.2 192.4 195.8 205.4 205.4 Guyana<br />

Haití 284.5 280.1 263.4 269.6 301.0 336.0 Haiti<br />

Honduras 333.7 597.5 715.2 717.4 779.6 878.6 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 1 103.8 1 422.5 1 513.9 1 597.5 1 566.9 1 725.0 Jamaica<br />

México 9 715.4 16 035.7 16 217.9 16 739.7 17 133.7 18 561.9 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 220.5 343.4 352.1 337.2 363.4 399.3 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 1 087.8 1 140.8 1 105.5 1 309.8 1 302.5 1 430.4 Panama<br />

Paraguay 710.7 420.2 390.0 354.6 354.1 350.6 Paraguay<br />

Perú 1 864.3 2 233.6 2 345.0 2 529.5 2 549.4 2 756.4 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 966.4 1 373.3 1 283.9 1 313.5 1 219.4 1 213.2 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 55.1 76.0 74.9 79.7 80.2 83.1 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 55.1 56.1 57.7 56.5 64.6 73.2 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 123.5 133.5 130.6 129.1 144.9 152.7 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 161.4 215.5 174.3 166.1 192.1 271.0 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 241.9 387.7 370.0 373.0 371.1 420.4 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 857.7 881.6 806.7 618.1 636.3 684.8 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 4 836.0 4 435.0 4 681.0 3 969.0 3 522.0 4 724.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 55 846.5 71 634.1 72 123.1 66 306.5 68 783.7 77 943.5 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 51 923.8 66 430.9 67 072.8 61 140.1 63 462.9 72 096.7 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c 3 239.9 4 395.1 4 409.9 4 541.4 4 670.8 5 176.8 Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil,<br />

Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana,<br />

Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the<br />

Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


256 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.60 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: EXPORTACIONES DE SERVICIOS DE TRANSPORTE, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: EXPORTS OF TRANSPORTATION SERVICES, 1980-2004<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 66.9 65.7 75.5 76.4 74.6 79.7 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 1 007.2 1 106.2 892.8 760.4 939.4 1 151.7 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 52.6 54.6 50.2 57.5 56.7 58.2 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 16.4 24.8 22.4 21.0 23.2 35.7 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 6.2 11.3 11.8 18.1 22.1 _ B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 78.1 50.1 67.1 62.3 85.9 _ Bolivia<br />

Brasil 2 600.0 1 409.3 1 421.7 1 535.7 1 821.9 2 466.7 Brazil<br />

Chile 1 194.0 2 187.6 2 294.0 2 205.4 2 646.9 3 297.7 Chile<br />

Colombia 565.0 587.9 566.6 539.2 623.0 679.7 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 134.1 257.5 269.5 244.9 247.0 245.4 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba _ _ _ _ _ _ Cuba<br />

Dominica 5.6 7.1 6.1 5.4 4.9 6.1 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 321.6 290.0 248.3 243.4 268.6 340.5 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 96.7 248.6 289.4 311.4 330.1 342.5 El Salvador<br />

Granada 3.9 5.8 8.1 7.8 9.0 9.3 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 53.7 82.4 99.7 91.1 84.2 87.1 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 33.1 4.7 4.3 3.9 2.0 _ Guyana<br />

Haití 5.0 _ _ _ _ _ Haiti<br />

Honduras 56.4 47.5 53.7 54.3 64.5 71.7 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 250.9 328.6 350.5 368.7 470.7 497.3 Jamaica<br />

México 1 164.4 1 369.3 1 282.1 1 142.5 1 112.6 1 361.9 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 15.7 30.2 24.9 30.6 33.0 36.6 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 783.7 1 152.6 1 134.2 1 209.5 1 408.5 1 534.3 Panama<br />

Paraguay 75.1 69.4 86.6 68.9 84.5 86.7 Paraguay<br />

Perú 338.2 243.4 256.8 285.1 309.4 380.7 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 41.6 71.3 67.1 92.1 98.1 100.3 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 5.1 10.5 11.4 10.0 9.9 9.8 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 5.3 10.5 9.5 9.4 9.4 10.8 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 14.2 13.3 12.5 11.5 12.3 15.3 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 41.4 37.1 19.0 23.2 26.2 _ Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 193.8 207.6 207.3 202.5 246.3 307.8 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 399.3 374.3 312.4 265.1 258.9 334.3 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 584.0 374.0 386.0 346.0 307.0 354.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 10 209.2 10 733.2 10 541.5 10 303.3 11 690.8 13 901.8 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 9 513.8 9 951.6 9 752.9 9 487.9 10 723.5 12 871.8 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c 695.4 781.6 788.6 815.4 967.3 1 030.0 Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil,<br />

Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana,<br />

Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the<br />

Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 257<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.61 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: IMPORTACIONES DE SERVICIOS DE TRANSPORTE, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: IMPORTS OF TRANSPORTATION SERVICES, 1980-2004<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 56.2 54.1 55.0 56.4 61.4 66.6 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 2 106.9 2 412.5 2 104.3 948.7 1 146.2 1 621.2 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 134.4 188.1 250.9 222.8 231.8 296.1 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 116.9 163.5 156.0 155.3 169.7 197.4 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 40.7 48.4 36.7 37.7 39.5 _ B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 211.2 269.7 282.8 169.3 156.1 _ Bolivia<br />

Brasil 5 800.0 4 304.9 4 388.1 3 494.3 3 411.7 4 451.7 Brazil<br />

Chile 1 904.0 2 191.2 2 259.9 2 299.9 2 513.7 3 220.7 Chile<br />

Colombia 1 191.5 1 306.6 1 414.3 1 201.9 1 259.6 1 613.4 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 370.9 417.2 424.9 457.8 454.1 514.6 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba _ _ _ _ _ _ Cuba<br />

Dominica 16.6 21.8 20.0 18.5 19.0 21.9 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 484.1 438.8 557.3 674.8 659.7 833.2 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 268.5 405.0 365.4 447.7 481.2 483.5 El Salvador<br />

Granada 20.7 34.3 32.9 30.5 39.2 41.1 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 278.6 421.7 465.8 522.9 560.5 632.0 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 68.7 8.0 6.9 6.1 4.3 _ Guyana<br />

Haití 183.0 245.0 229.0 229.6 _ _ Haiti<br />

Honduras 196.7 299.2 357.3 354.2 363.2 426.0 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 496.9 585.2 606.7 614.3 680.2 647.6 Jamaica<br />

México 3 423.6 5 006.4 6 748.5 6 397.6 6 423.2 7 577.4 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 81.1 152.5 168.5 172.4 184.6 211.8 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 744.8 607.5 597.6 617.2 610.0 754.0 Panama<br />

Paraguay 448.7 236.5 213.9 179.1 180.4 170.3 Paraguay<br />

Perú 905.0 855.3 914.2 942.5 921.6 1 095.9 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 584.2 828.0 763.5 764.2 689.1 650.3 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 20.8 31.6 30.8 31.9 32.9 34.7 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 19.7 24.9 25.7 26.2 29.5 32.3 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 42.3 53.2 53.9 50.0 63.0 68.3 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 77.8 88.7 63.8 72.3 109.7 _ Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 94.2 173.2 116.6 117.4 161.3 62.9 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 376.4 399.5 354.9 259.8 264.6 293.5 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 1 430.0 1 808.0 1 967.0 1 597.1 1 268.0 1 798.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 22 195.1 24 080.5 26 033.1 23 170.4 23 189.0 27 816.4 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 20 989.2 22 605.5 24 577.2 21 731.0 21 547.5 26 347.5 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c 1 205.9 1 475.0 1 455.9 1 439.4 1 641.5 1 468.9 Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile,<br />

Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti,<br />

Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,<br />

Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


258 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.62 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: EXPORTACIONES DE SERVICIOS DE VIAJES, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: EXPORTS OF TRAVEL SERVICES, 1980-2004<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 246.7 290.5 272.1 273.8 299.8 337.7 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 2 222.0 2 903.7 2 641.8 1 535.1 2 005.5 2 563.2 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 1 345.8 1 814.0 1 647.6 1 762.1 1 782.0 1 884.6 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 622.4 723.0 697.2 657.9 757.9 775.5 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 77.6 122.0 120.1 130.1 151.5 _ B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 55.0 68.4 75.7 100.5 110.9 _ Bolivia<br />

Brasil 972.0 1 809.9 1 730.6 1 998.0 2 478.7 3 222.1 Brazil<br />

Chile 911.0 819.4 798.5 897.6 859.0 1 090.7 Chile<br />

Colombia 656.6 1 030.4 1 217.3 967.0 869.4 1 031.7 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 681.1 1 302.4 1 173.3 1 160.7 1 293.1 1 459.0 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba _ _ _ _ _ _ Cuba<br />

Dominica 41.5 48.2 46.4 45.7 52.3 60.6 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 255.0 402.0 430.0 447.2 406.4 367.4 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 85.4 216.9 201.1 245.2 288.0 337.2 El Salvador<br />

Granada 76.2 92.5 83.5 91.5 103.7 83.5 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 212.5 482.3 561.5 619.6 620.7 776.4 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 32.6 75.1 60.5 49.3 38.9 _ Guyana<br />

Haití 90.2 128.0 105.0 112.0 _ _ Haiti<br />

Honduras 80.0 259.8 256.4 301.0 350.0 396.0 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 1 068.8 1 332.6 1 232.2 1 208.7 1 355.1 1 438.0 Jamaica<br />

México 6 178.8 8 294.2 8 400.6 8 858.0 9 361.7 10 753.2 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 49.5 128.6 135.3 134.6 160.2 187.4 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 309.4 457.8 485.9 513.0 584.6 651.0 Panama<br />

Paraguay 137.3 72.9 69.2 62.2 63.6 67.0 Paraguay<br />

Perú 428.1 836.8 733.1 801.4 940.5 1 078.5 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 1 570.8 2 860.2 2 798.3 2 730.4 3 127.8 3 151.6 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 63.0 58.4 61.9 56.1 75.3 103.4 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 52.9 82.3 89.0 91.0 91.2 95.6 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 229.5 280.5 233.0 210.0 282.1 325.7 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 21.2 15.8 14.4 3.4 3.8 _ Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 77.4 212.8 200.9 242.0 248.7 419.3 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 610.9 712.8 610.5 350.9 344.7 493.9 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 849.0 423.0 615.0 439.0 331.0 477.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 20 310.2 28 357.2 27 797.9 27 095.0 29 438.1 33 627.2 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 16 354.6 23 209.5 23 039.1 22 273.4 24 195.8 28 103.3 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c 3 955.6 5 147.7 4 758.8 4 821.6 5 242.3 5 523.9 Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil,<br />

Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana,<br />

Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the<br />

Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 259<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.63 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: IMPORTACIONES DE SERVICIOS DE VIAJES, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: IMPORTS OF TRAVEL SERVICES, 1980-2004<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 23.1 30.7 31.5 33.1 34.8 37.5 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 3 277.9 4 425.0 3 893.0 2 327.6 2 511.2 2 963.8 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 212.8 293.0 255.5 243.9 304.7 315.4 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 71.1 94.1 100.9 99.0 104.5 107.8 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 20.8 30.0 40.8 42.5 44.2 _ B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 48.1 77.2 83.1 80.0 97.1 _ Bolivia<br />

Brasil 3 391.0 3 894.1 3 198.6 2 395.8 2 261.1 2 871.3 Brazil<br />

Chile 703.0 619.8 708.2 672.8 774.5 891.7 Chile<br />

Colombia 877.9 1 060.0 1 163.7 1 074.9 1 035.6 1 289.8 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 322.8 485.4 364.4 344.9 353.2 405.7 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba _ _ _ _ _ _ Cuba<br />

Dominica 5.9 8.9 9.2 9.1 8.9 9.2 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 235.0 299.0 340.0 363.9 354.4 391.0 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 72.4 165.2 195.3 191.1 196.4 239.8 El Salvador<br />

Granada 4.6 7.7 7.6 7.8 8.4 9.4 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 141.1 181.8 225.5 275.6 312.0 390.6 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 21.1 68.9 55.1 38.4 31.2 _ Guyana<br />

Haití 34.7 _ _ _ _ _ Haiti<br />

Honduras 57.0 119.6 127.6 149.2 200.0 209.7 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 147.6 208.7 206.0 258.4 252.4 286.5 Jamaica<br />

México 3 170.5 5 499.1 5 701.9 6 059.7 6 253.3 6 959.0 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 40.0 78.4 76.0 69.4 75.0 85.6 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 120.7 188.4 176.0 178.8 207.7 238.9 Panama<br />

Paraguay 133.3 80.6 72.0 64.8 66.9 71.4 Paraguay<br />

Perú 297.0 422.7 545.5 616.1 598.4 620.4 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 173.0 309.0 290.8 295.3 271.6 309.8 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 5.1 8.8 8.1 7.6 8.1 9.7 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 6.5 10.0 11.5 10.2 12.6 14.3 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 25.3 33.3 31.8 33.7 35.7 36.8 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 3.4 22.9 23.4 9.9 5.6 _ Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 69.3 147.1 151.0 186.3 107.1 87.0 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 236.0 281.4 257.0 177.6 168.8 193.6 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 1 714.0 1 058.0 1 108.0 1 010.8 859.0 1 076.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 15 662.0 20 208.8 19 459.0 17 328.2 17 554.4 20 121.7 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 15 045.4 19 244.7 18 526.6 16 348.3 16 596.2 19 208.1 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c 616.6 964.1 932.4 979.9 958.2 913.6 Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil,<br />

Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana,<br />

Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the<br />

Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


260 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.64 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: EXPORTACIONES DE OTROS SERVICIOS, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: EXPORTS OF OTHER SERVICES, 1980-2004<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 34.8 60.2 55.1 41.7 38.9 50.1 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 587.6 798.0 1 092.3 999.9 1 279.6 1 507.0 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 143.9 168.0 162.1 161.8 141.6 176.3 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 227.9 342.5 349.0 362.4 384.5 370.2 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 49.0 39.1 42.6 35.9 39.3 _ B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 59.3 105.5 93.1 93.9 167.2 _ Bolivia<br />

Brasil 2 563.0 6 279.2 6 169.7 6 017.6 6 146.4 6 894.8 Brazil<br />

Chile 1 227.9 1 075.9 1 045.9 1 282.5 1 443.7 1 568.0 Chile<br />

Colombia 479.1 430.4 406.1 360.8 407.1 538.4 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 153.9 376.3 483.2 464.3 486.9 536.1 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba _ _ _ _ _ _ Cuba<br />

Dominica 14.2 34.5 24.3 28.6 20.1 20.8 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 151.2 157.3 183.8 193.4 207.3 213.5 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 206.4 232.9 213.1 226.6 235.4 291.8 El Salvador<br />

Granada 19.1 54.5 41.8 31.1 21.3 64.5 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 399.7 213.1 383.6 434.7 353.9 314.6 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 67.8 89.4 107.2 119.1 144.6 _ Guyana<br />

Haití 8.9 44.5 34.7 34.7 _ _ Haiti<br />

Honduras 121.2 171.6 177.2 174.9 183.9 186.9 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 278.2 364.5 314.3 334.8 305.8 361.8 Jamaica<br />

México 2 436.4 4 048.8 2 977.6 2 691.0 2 058.6 1 797.6 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 51.4 62.5 62.9 60.3 64.4 65.7 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 426.3 384.0 384.4 555.4 563.5 540.5 Panama<br />

Paraguay 371.4 453.0 399.4 437.3 442.7 432.4 Paraguay<br />

Perú 364.8 448.7 465.1 457.2 445.4 454.6 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 338.9 296.1 244.9 248.3 242.9 252.0 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 13.8 29.5 25.7 24.4 22.6 22.9 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 16.2 34.9 34.7 36.7 32.2 38.8 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 21.4 30.2 28.0 28.3 24.0 26.2 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 41.5 38.0 26.0 11.9 29.1 _ Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 71.4 133.4 165.6 192.5 190.0 204.9 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 349.0 188.7 199.6 155.3 199.4 159.0 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 238.0 385.0 375.0 275.0 240.0 267.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 11 533.6 17 570.2 16 768.0 16 572.3 16 562.3 17 356.4 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 10 534.4 16 151.5 15 391.6 15 163.1 15 168.3 16 019.9 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c 999.2 1 418.7 1 376.4 1 409.2 1 394.0 1 336.5 Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile,<br />

Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti,<br />

Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,<br />

Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 261<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.65 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: IMPORTACIONES DE OTROS SERVICIOS, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: IMPORTS OF OTHER SERVICES, 1980-2004<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 68.5 69.5 85.3 85.2 85.9 86.3 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 1 848.9 2 292.9 2 492.2 1 608.2 1 961.6 2 281.2 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 291.9 526.1 462.6 534.5 542.2 610.4 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 175.3 229.8 241.7 237.1 244.7 214.6 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 33.4 41.4 44.4 50.5 55.6 _ B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 90.9 120.8 -94.0 47.8 179.8 _ Bolivia<br />

Brasil 4 439.0 8 461.5 9 494.5 8 618.4 9 705.3 9 937.2 Brazil<br />

Chile 1 050.0 1 990.8 2 014.6 2 114.3 2 278.5 2 424.4 Chile<br />

Colombia 815.5 961.2 1 024.0 1 025.1 1 045.2 1 148.1 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 219.3 370.9 379.6 379.4 381.1 387.4 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba _ _ _ _ _ _ Cuba<br />

Dominica 21.2 22.0 20.8 26.3 15.8 15.2 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 454.2 531.5 536.8 592.8 602.2 666.0 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 168.8 363.1 393.3 384.1 355.8 357.0 El Salvador<br />

Granada 13.2 47.3 44.5 53.6 35.4 43.7 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 275.2 222.1 236.6 267.6 253.8 270.9 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 82.0 116.3 130.4 151.3 169.9 _ Guyana<br />

Haití 66.8 17.1 16.5 22.0 _ _ Haiti<br />

Honduras 80.0 178.7 230.2 214.0 216.4 242.8 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 459.3 628.6 701.2 724.8 634.3 790.9 Jamaica<br />

México 3 121.3 5 530.2 3 767.4 4 282.5 4 457.2 4 025.5 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 99.4 112.5 107.6 95.4 103.8 101.9 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 222.3 344.9 331.9 513.8 484.8 437.5 Panama<br />

Paraguay 128.7 103.0 104.1 110.6 106.8 108.9 Paraguay<br />

Perú 662.3 955.6 885.4 970.9 1 029.4 1 040.1 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 209.2 236.3 229.6 254.0 258.7 253.1 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 29.2 35.5 36.1 40.2 39.2 38.7 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 28.9 21.3 20.5 20.1 22.4 26.7 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 56.0 47.0 45.0 45.4 46.2 47.6 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 80.2 103.9 87.1 83.9 79.3 _ Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 78.4 67.4 102.4 69.3 102.7 270.5 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 245.3 200.7 194.8 180.7 202.9 197.7 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 1 692.0 1 569.0 1 606.0 1 361.1 1 395.0 1 850.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 17 306.6 26 518.9 25 973.1 25 164.9 27 091.9 27 874.3 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 15 889.1 24 562.8 23 951.1 23 042.7 25 018.3 25 729.7 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c 1 417.5 1 956.1 2 022.0 2 122.2 2 073.6 2 144.6 Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil,<br />

Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana,<br />

Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the<br />

Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


262 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.66 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VALOR DE LAS EXPORTACIONES TOTALES DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: EXPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES, 1980-2004<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 401.6 466.1 441.3 436.6 458.3 522.9 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 24 978.5 31 148.9 31 169.6 28 946.0 34 163.3 39 772.1 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 1 767.7 2 841.9 2 282.9 2 427.7 2 405.0 2 590.3 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 1 112.0 1 376.6 1 339.7 1 294.3 1 429.7 1 459.6 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 297.4 384.7 449.6 494.5 529.2 525.6 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 1 233.8 1 470.1 1 520.7 1 555.4 1 961.8 2 545.8 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 52 641.0 64 584.0 67 544.5 69 913.1 83 531.1 109 058.7 Brazil<br />

Chile 19 357.9 23 293.1 22 410.2 22 565.3 26 473.1 37 981.3 Chile<br />

Colombia 12 294.1 15 770.9 15 038.0 14 183.0 15 724.6 19 495.7 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 4 450.9 7 749.7 6 849.2 7 139.8 8 190.0 8 610.2 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 3 035.5 4 789.4 4 575.7 4 258.0 4 871.0 5 860.0 Cuba<br />

Dominica 111.7 144.5 121.3 123.3 118.3 130.4 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 5 196.1 5 986.5 5 643.7 6 082.2 7 263.1 8 831.7 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 2 039.7 3 661.6 3 595.2 3 803.0 4 006.1 4 301.1 El Salvador<br />

Granada 123.8 235.8 196.9 172.5 179.5 193.8 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 2 823.4 3 859.7 3 904.6 3 964.4 4 118.7 4 607.6 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 629.2 674.4 662.3 667.2 698.3 734.7 Guyana<br />

Haití 192.4 504.2 444.9 421.1 468.4 510.3 Haiti<br />

Honduras 1 634.8 2 490.5 2 422.8 2 507.3 2 692.7 3 065.8 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 3 393.9 3 588.5 3 351.4 3 221.3 3 517.2 3 898.7 Jamaica<br />

México 89 321.1 180 167.1 171 440.0 173 737.6 177 299.3 201 911.2 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 661.6 1 101.9 1 117.8 1 142.3 1 307.2 1 652.6 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 7 610.3 7 832.9 7 996.9 7 592.6 7 605.5 8 611.4 Panama<br />

Paraguay 4 802.4 2 924.3 2 444.9 2 426.4 2 766.1 3 292.6 Paraguay<br />

Perú 6 622.5 8 483.8 8 480.7 9 266.6 10 786.0 14 530.8 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 5 730.8 8 964.3 8 386.6 8 235.8 8 939.6 9 251.9 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 118.5 150.0 154.0 155.0 165.2 193.5 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 136.3 179.5 176.0 178.3 172.9 184.5 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 379.6 376.9 327.8 319.2 390.1 476.3 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 519.7 490.0 496.4 407.8 546.8 775.5 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 2 798.7 4 844.1 4 878.0 4 557.0 5 889.8 7 334.9 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 3 506.8 3 659.6 3 262.0 2 693.4 3 084.1 4 012.2 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 20 753.0 34 711.0 28 043.0 27 841.0 28 048.0 39 846.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 280 676.7 428 906.5 411 168.6 412 729.0 449 800.0 546 769.7 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 265 851.1 408 364.1 391 715.3 394 016.3 428 428.7 521 889.0 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c 11 790.1 15 753.0 14 877.6 14 454.7 16 500.3 19 020.7 Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil,<br />

Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana,<br />

Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the<br />

Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 263<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.2 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS / EXTERNAL TRADE OF GOODS AND SERVICES<br />

2.2.2.67 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VALOR DE LAS IMPORTACIONES TOTALES DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES, 1980-2004<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 438.9 496.7 493.1 510.3 535.3 569.3 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 26 038.0 33 019.5 27 647.3 13 357.6 18 753.2 28 177.4 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 1 795.8 3 183.6 2 732.6 2 599.3 2 708.9 3 031.6 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 1 054.3 1 517.7 1 450.8 1 446.4 1 584.4 1 779.8 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 325.5 523.5 610.5 631.0 664.9 654.2 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 1 573.9 2 077.9 1 979.6 2 072.1 2 048.9 2 319.5 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 63 293.0 72 443.7 72 653.4 61 749.0 63 668.3 80 069.2 Brazil<br />

Chile 18 301.0 21 893.1 21 410.8 20 881.2 23 568.4 29 542.4 Chile<br />

Colombia 16 023.8 14 417.4 15 870.9 15 379.3 16 598.2 19 929.2 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 4 717.4 7 297.3 6 912.2 7 719.2 8 482.8 9 140.4 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 3 674.4 5 603.7 5 433.6 4 754.5 5 263.0 6 219.0 Cuba<br />

Dominica 146.9 183.1 165.7 156.3 148.6 174.0 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 5 707.9 5 011.9 6 612.8 7 827.6 7 910.6 9 387.5 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 3 623.3 5 636.1 5 778.1 5 907.6 6 461.6 7 029.1 El Salvador<br />

Granada 168.3 310.1 281.7 273.2 309.4 332.6 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 3 727.5 5 567.6 6 069.9 6 857.1 7 302.0 8 482.6 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 708.3 778.6 776.5 758.9 777.1 852.3 Guyana<br />

Haití 801.7 1 366.8 1 318.8 1 250.0 1 417.0 1 518.8 Haiti<br />

Honduras 1 852.3 3 267.1 3 484.6 3 523.5 3 838.6 4 557.1 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 3 729.1 4 426.8 4 586.5 4 777.1 4 896.3 5 271.1 Jamaica<br />

México 82 168.4 190 493.5 184 614.4 185 418.6 187 679.5 215 371.5 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 1 150.0 2 144.9 2 156.4 2 171.6 2 384.7 2 851.0 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 7 767.6 8 122.2 7 794.1 7 659.6 7 464.1 8 901.3 Panama<br />

Paraguay 5 199.7 3 286.3 2 893.6 2 492.5 2 804.6 3 466.9 Paraguay<br />

Perú 9 597.2 9 599.5 9 565.6 9 946.4 10 804.4 12 580.6 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 6 136.8 10 851.8 10 063.2 10 151.2 8 846.2 9 057.5 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 172.2 248.7 241.5 257.3 255.8 258.5 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 174.5 200.5 209.7 214.3 241.4 272.2 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 392.9 446.0 402.7 401.0 499.4 537.4 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 454.0 461.6 471.5 488.0 640.2 863.8 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 2 110.4 3 709.2 3 956.1 4 055.3 4 282.8 5 314.6 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 3 568.3 4 192.7 3 721.5 2 491.9 2 734.1 3 675.1 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 16 905.0 21 300.0 23 888.0 17 329.0 14 209.0 22 042.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 293 498.3 444 079.1 436 247.7 405 507.9 419 783.7 504 229.5 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 278 152.8 421 989.3 414 435.2 384 185.0 396 976.2 478 099.1 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c 11 671.1 16 486.1 16 378.9 16 568.4 17 544.5 19 911.4 Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil,<br />

Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana,<br />

Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the<br />

Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


264 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.3 INDICADORES DEL SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR INDICATORS<br />

2.2.3.1 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: SALDO EN CUENTA CORRIENTE, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT, 1980-2004<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda -0.5 -65.8 -64.4 -102.6 -102.1 -83.4 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina -5 174.7 -9 015.5 -3 290.5 8 668.0 8 018.6 3 331.7 Argentina<br />

Bahamas -145.9 -471.3 -584.1 -336.7 -418.5 -199.4 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 42.6 -145.1 -110.9 -167.9 -169.4 -354.0 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice -17.2 -139.5 -184.9 -162.7 -180.9 -187.2 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia -302.5 -446.4 -274.0 -349.9 62.3 285.2 Bolivia<br />

Brasil -18 136.0 -24 224.5 -23 214.5 -7 636.6 4 177.3 11 737.6 Brazil<br />

Chile -1 349.6 -897.5 -1 100.1 -580.1 -1 102.1 1 389.7 Chile<br />

Colombia -4 527.1 740.4 -1 093.6 -1 340.5 -987.4 -967.0 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica -358.1 -706.8 -655.5 -916.1 -928.7 -831.5 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba -517.5 -696.2 -547.2 -277.0 -127.0 41.0 Cuba<br />

Dominica -40.7 -59.8 -49.7 -43.9 -38.8 -57.7 Dominica<br />

Ecuador -1 000.0 920.9 -694.7 -1 399.3 -340.3 -154.7 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador -261.6 -430.5 -150.3 -405.1 -763.6 -611.7 El Salvador<br />

Granada -40.8 -88.1 -105.1 -124.9 -143.7 -56.2 Grenada<br />

Guatemala -572.0 -1 049.0 -1 252.9 -1 234.9 -1 039.1 -1 188.3 Guatemala<br />

Guyana -134.8 -115.3 -133.8 -110.6 -90.6 -111.5 Guyana<br />

Haití -87.1 -111.1 -133.9 -89.0 -44.9 -27.3 Haiti<br />

Honduras -200.9 -275.8 -302.5 -240.6 -291.9 -391.1 Honduras<br />

Jamaica -98.9 -367.4 -758.8 -1 074.2 -761.4 -509.4 Jamaica<br />

México -1 576.4 -18 188.2 -17 643.3 -13 503.9 -8 615.5 -7 270.7 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua -722.5 -791.9 -796.4 -767.3 -749.3 -731.9 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá -470.6 -689.4 -173.5 -95.5 -437.2 -1 104.3 Panama<br />

Paraguay -92.3 -162.8 -266.4 92.6 122.0 30.3 Paraguay<br />

Perú -4 624.5 -1 526.0 -1 144.4 -1 127.0 -934.7 -10.1 Peru<br />

República Dominicana -182.8 -1 026.5 -740.8 -797.9 1 036.2 1 087.6 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis -45.5 -66.2 -105.9 -124.0 -115.8 -88.9 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas -40.7 -23.9 -37.6 -41.5 -79.5 -102.5 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía -33.1 -94.8 -106.9 -105.0 -146.2 -117.5 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 73.4 32.3 -83.6 -131.0 -148.2 -138.4 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 293.8 544.3 416.0 76.4 984.7 1 622.5 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay -212.5 -566.3 -497.6 381.9 -58.5 -104.6 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 2 014.0 11 853.0 1 987.0 7 599.0 11 448.0 13 830.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a -38 543.0 -48 350.7 -53 894.8 -16 467.8 7 033.8 17 956.3 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b -37 837.2 -46 593.9 -51 437.9 -13 742.2 8 571.2 18 298.9 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c -188.3 -1 060.6 -1 909.7 -2 448.6 -1 410.4 -383.6 Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil,<br />

Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana,<br />

Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the<br />

Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 265<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.3 INDICADORES DEL SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR INDICATORS<br />

2.2.3.2 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: SALDO EN CUENTA CORRIENTE COMO PORCENTAJE DEL PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO, 1990-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: BALANCE ON CURRENT ACCOUNT AS PERCENTAGE OF GDP, 1990-2004<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda -0.1 -9.9 -9.2 -14.3 -13.4 -10.3 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina -2.0 -3.2 -1.2 8.5 6.2 2.2 Argentina<br />

Bahamas -4.3 -9.4 -11.4 -6.2 -7.6 -3.5 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 2.3 -5.6 -4.4 -6.5 -6.3 -12.7 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice -2.8 -16.8 -21.3 -17.6 -18.3 -16.6 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia -4.5 -5.3 -3.4 -4.4 0.8 3.3 Bolivia<br />

Brasil -2.6 -4.0 -4.6 -1.7 0.8 1.9 Brazil<br />

Chile -1.9 -1.2 -1.6 -0.9 -1.5 1.5 Chile<br />

Colombia -4.9 0.9 -1.3 -1.6 -1.2 -1.0 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica -3.1 -4.4 -4.0 -5.4 -5.3 -4.5 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba -2.3 -2.5 -1.9 -0.9 -0.4 0.1 Cuba<br />

Dominica -18.5 -22.1 -18.7 -17.2 -14.8 -20.9 Dominica<br />

Ecuador -5.0 5.8 -3.3 -5.8 -1.3 -0.5 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador -2.8 -3.3 -1.1 -2.8 -5.1 -3.9 El Salvador<br />

Granada -14.7 -21.5 -26.6 -30.9 -32.9 -12.1 Grenada<br />

Guatemala -3.9 -5.4 -6.0 -5.3 -4.2 -4.4 Guatemala<br />

Guyana -20.1 -14.0 -16.1 -13.5 -11.0 -13.2 Guyana<br />

Haití -3.2 -3.0 -3.8 -2.8 -1.6 -0.8 Haiti<br />

Honduras -5.1 -4.6 -4.7 -3.7 -4.2 -5.2 Honduras<br />

Jamaica -1.7 -4.6 -9.4 -12.8 -9.4 -5.8 Jamaica<br />

México -0.6 -3.1 -2.8 -2.1 -1.3 -1.1 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua -22.7 -20.0 -19.7 -19.1 -18.1 -16.1 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá -5.2 -5.9 -1.5 -0.8 -3.4 -8.4 Panama<br />

Paraguay -1.1 -2.3 -4.1 1.8 2.2 0.4 Paraguay<br />

Perú -8.6 -2.9 -2.1 -2.0 -1.5 -0.0 Peru<br />

República Dominicana -1.5 -5.2 -3.4 -3.7 6.3 5.9 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis -19.8 -20.1 -31.0 -35.4 -31.8 -22.5 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas -15.3 -7.1 -10.9 -11.5 -21.1 -24.0 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía -6.0 -13.8 -16.1 -15.4 -20.4 -15.4 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 14.1 4.5 -13.6 -19.6 -19.3 -17.7 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 5.5 6.7 4.7 0.8 9.2 15.1 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay -1.1 -2.8 -2.7 3.1 -0.5 -0.8 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 2.7 10.1 1.6 8.2 13.7 12.6 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a -2.3 -2.4 -2.8 -1.0 0.4 0.9 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b -2.3 -2.4 -2.7 -0.8 0.5 0.9 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c -0.9 -3.7 -6.4 -7.9 -4.3 -1.1 Caribbean c<br />

ALADI d -2.2 -2.3 -2.7 -0.6 0.7 1.2 LAIA d<br />

Comunidad Andina e -3.4 4.1 -0.4 1.3 3.6 4.1 An<strong>de</strong>an Community e<br />

Mercosur f -2.4 -3.7 -3.4 0.3 1.9 1.9 MERCOSUR f<br />

MCCA g -4.9 -5.6 -5.1 -5.5 -5.5 -5.1 CACM g<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile,<br />

Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti,<br />

Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,<br />

Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint. Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

d Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru<br />

and Uruguay.<br />

e Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras,<br />

México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía, Suriname y Trinidad y Tabago.<br />

d Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, México, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a<br />

y Uruguay.<br />

e Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a.<br />

f Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

g Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.<br />

f Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

g Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua.


266 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.3 INDICADORES DEL SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR INDICATORS<br />

2.2.3.3 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: SALDO EN BIENES, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: BALANCE ON GOODS, 1980-2004<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda -237.9 -292.7 -282.5 -290.8 -308.2 -323.6 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 2 357.4 2 451.9 7 384.9 17 177.5 16 804.6 13 239.1 Argentina<br />

Bahamas -931.3 -1 371.1 -1 340.5 -1 151.9 -1 205.6 -1 338.5 Bahamas<br />

Barbados -445.8 -743.9 -681.1 -702.0 -801.4 -981.8 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice -66.1 -191.4 -213.7 -189.9 -209.3 -181.8 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia -182.3 -364.1 -422.9 -476.2 -18.1 301.8 Bolivia<br />

Brasil -3 157.0 -697.7 2 650.5 13 121.3 24 793.9 33 666.2 Brazil<br />

Chile 1 381.0 2 118.8 1 843.6 2 385.6 3 521.9 9 019.2 Chile<br />

Colombia -2 545.6 2 632.6 579.1 238.5 567.3 1 367.9 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica -322.6 -210.5 -820.1 -1 267.2 -1 131.4 -1 463.0 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba -1 484.3 -3 120.4 -3 171.3 -2 707.5 -2 942.0 -3 369.0 Cuba<br />

Dominica -52.9 -75.6 -71.3 -58.7 -63.8 -84.9 Dominica<br />

Ecuador -66.3 1 394.6 -397.2 -997.7 86.5 413.1 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador -1 462.3 -1 739.6 -1 932.5 -1 864.9 -2 275.6 -2 619.2 El Salvador<br />

Granada -105.2 -138.0 -133.2 -139.4 -180.9 -201.9 Grenada<br />

Guatemala -875.1 -1 660.1 -2 282.2 -2 972.0 -3 115.8 -3 759.6 Guatemala<br />

Guyana -40.8 -80.2 -93.8 -68.2 -58.9 -57.9 Guyana<br />

Haití -428.9 -755.0 -750.2 -706.0 -782.9 -805.1 Haiti<br />

Honduras -141.4 -658.0 -834.0 -829.0 -964.6 -1 267.3 Honduras<br />

Jamaica -829.3 -1 441.5 -1 618.2 -1 870.5 -1 943.8 -1 944.5 Jamaica<br />

México 7 088.6 -8 003.0 -9 616.7 -7 632.9 -5 779.4 -8 811.1 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua -384.5 -920.9 -909.6 -917.6 -971.7 -1 088.8 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá -588.9 -1 142.9 -696.2 -1 035.1 -1 112.7 -1 585.3 Panama<br />

Paraguay -270.4 -537.2 -613.9 -279.9 -275.2 -409.8 Paraguay<br />

Perú -2 241.5 -411.0 -194.9 305.9 835.8 2 792.8 Peru<br />

República Dominicana -1 390.9 -3 741.8 -3 503.0 -3 672.7 -2 156.0 -2 096.3 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis -80.6 -121.2 -111.6 -113.2 -118.3 -118.0 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas -57.4 -92.6 -109.2 -116.5 -136.7 -159.7 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía -154.7 -259.6 -217.8 -202.6 -282.7 -275.5 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 123.0 153.0 139.8 47.4 39.2 41.4 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 587.7 968.8 718.1 237.7 1 293.2 1 508.7 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay -563.0 -927.3 -775.3 48.3 183.4 34.8 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 7 013.0 16 664.0 7 460.0 13 421.0 16 483.0 21 430.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a -556.3 -3 313.6 -11 016.9 16 720.8 37 773.8 50 872.4 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 3 219.3 3 492.8 -3 830.6 24 046.9 44 693.0 58 359.4 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c -2 291.3 -3 686.0 -4 015.0 -4 618.6 -3 977.2 -4 118.0 Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile,<br />

Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti,<br />

Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,<br />

Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 267<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.3 INDICADORES DEL SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR INDICATORS<br />

2.2.3.4 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: SALDO EN SERVICIOS, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: BALANCE ON SERVICES, 1980-2004<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 200.6 262.1 230.8 217.1 231.2 277.1 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina -3 416.9 -4 322.5 -3 862.6 -1 589.1 -1 394.5 -1 644.4 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 903.2 1 029.4 890.8 980.2 901.6 897.2 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 503.4 602.8 570.0 549.9 646.7 661.6 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 37.9 52.6 52.8 53.4 73.6 53.2 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia -157.8 -243.7 -36.0 -40.5 -69.0 -75.5 Bolivia<br />

Brasil -7 495.0 -7 162.0 -7 759.3 -4 957.2 -4 931.1 -4 676.7 Brazil<br />

Chile -324.1 -718.8 -844.2 -701.5 -617.2 -580.3 Chile<br />

Colombia -1 184.2 -1 279.1 -1 412.0 -1 434.8 -1 440.8 -1 801.5 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 56.1 662.8 757.1 687.8 838.6 932.8 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 845.4 2 306.0 2 313.4 2 211.0 2 550.0 3 010.0 Cuba<br />

Dominica 17.7 37.1 26.9 25.8 33.6 41.3 Dominica<br />

Ecuador -445.5 -420.0 -571.9 -747.7 -733.9 -968.9 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador -121.2 -234.9 -250.4 -239.7 -179.9 -108.8 El Salvador<br />

Granada 60.7 63.6 48.4 38.7 51.0 63.1 Grenada<br />

Guatemala -29.0 -47.8 116.9 79.3 -67.5 -115.4 Guatemala<br />

Guyana -38.3 -24.0 -20.4 -23.5 -19.9 -59.7 Guyana<br />

Haití -180.4 -107.6 -123.7 -122.9 -165.8 -203.4 Haiti<br />

Honduras -76.1 -118.6 -227.9 -187.2 -181.2 -224.0 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 494.1 603.2 383.1 314.7 564.7 572.1 Jamaica<br />

México 64.1 -2 323.4 -3 557.6 -4 048.1 -4 600.8 -4 649.2 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua -103.9 -122.1 -129.0 -111.7 -105.8 -109.6 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 431.6 853.6 899.0 968.1 1 254.1 1 295.4 Panama<br />

Paraguay -126.9 175.1 165.2 213.8 236.7 235.5 Paraguay<br />

Perú -733.2 -704.7 -890.0 -985.8 -854.1 -842.5 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 984.9 1 854.3 1 826.4 1 757.3 2 249.4 2 290.7 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 26.8 22.5 24.1 10.9 27.7 53.0 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 19.3 71.6 75.5 80.6 68.2 72.0 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 141.5 190.5 142.9 120.8 173.4 214.4 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname -57.3 -124.6 -114.9 -127.6 -132.6 -129.7 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 100.7 166.1 203.8 264.0 313.8 511.6 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 501.5 394.2 315.8 153.2 166.7 302.4 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) -3 165.0 -3 253.0 -3 305.0 -2 909.0 -2 644.0 -3 626.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a -12 265.3 -11 859.3 -14 062.0 -9 499.7 -7 757.1 -8 332.2 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b -15 521.0 -17 118.2 -18 889.2 -14 215.7 -13 240.1 -14 569.4 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c 2 410.3 2 952.9 2 513.8 2 505.0 2 933.0 3 227.2 Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile,<br />

Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti,<br />

Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,<br />

Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


268 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.3 INDICADORES DEL SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR INDICATORS<br />

2.2.3.5 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: SALDO EN RENTA, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: BALANCE ON INCOME, 1980-2004<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda -26.9 -44.5 -21.8 -34.5 -38.6 -45.4 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina -4 669.0 -7 547.8 -7 237.2 -7 484.3 -7 970.1 -8 950.3 Argentina<br />

Bahamas -135.7 -173.0 -176.3 -207.5 -163.3 -8.9 Bahamas<br />

Barbados -47.7 -81.9 -93.2 -101.6 -107.0 -122.0 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice -22.3 -54.1 -72.1 -72.1 -89.8 -110.5 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia -206.6 -225.3 -211.2 -204.7 -301.8 -384.9 Bolivia<br />

Brasil -11 105.0 -17 885.8 -19 743.2 -18 190.6 -18 552.1 -20 520.1 Brazil<br />

Chile -2 713.5 -2 855.6 -2 526.2 -2 846.7 -4 606.3 -8 100.6 Chile<br />

Colombia -1 596.2 -2 286.3 -2 614.6 -2 848.2 -3 446.4 -4 183.4 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica -225.5 -1 252.4 -747.7 -517.3 -848.6 -517.0 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba -524.8 -622.2 -502.2 -600.0 -650.0 -700.0 Cuba<br />

Dominica -13.3 -39.3 -22.7 -24.6 -21.3 -30.7 Dominica<br />

Ecuador -930.2 -1 405.5 -1 364.4 -1 305.5 -1 464.5 -1 492.6 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador -66.7 -253.1 -265.7 -323.4 -422.4 -459.5 El Salvador<br />

Granada -13.4 -33.7 -41.4 -47.5 -50.3 -38.9 Grenada<br />

Guatemala -159.1 -209.3 -84.4 -318.4 -317.7 -319.0 Guatemala<br />

Guyana -117.7 -58.1 -63.6 -58.9 -52.1 -40.2 Guyana<br />

Haití -30.6 -9.2 -9.5 -13.7 -14.3 -11.9 Haiti<br />

Honduras -225.9 -146.7 -169.9 -193.1 -252.0 -278.9 Honduras<br />

Jamaica -370.7 -349.9 -437.8 -605.3 -571.4 -582.7 Jamaica<br />

México -12 689.1 -14 855.5 -13 807.0 -12 091.3 -12 093.5 -10 854.0 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua -372.1 -201.8 -240.3 -200.4 -190.7 -192.3 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá -465.9 -577.1 -602.4 -272.3 -819.9 -1 042.4 Panama<br />

Paraguay 109.7 22.4 15.8 42.8 -4.1 10.4 Paraguay<br />

Perú -2 481.8 -1 409.6 -1 101.0 -1 490.5 -2 143.8 -3 421.1 Peru<br />

República Dominicana -769.0 -1 041.3 -1 091.7 -1 151.8 -1 393.1 -1 634.3 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis -11.0 -30.1 -34.5 -38.2 -43.8 -42.2 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas -11.7 -19.2 -16.5 -17.6 -23.9 -28.9 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía -38.8 -44.6 -46.3 -35.3 -49.8 -70.4 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname -2.6 6.0 -107.6 -42.3 -49.1 -62.9 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago -390.1 -628.5 -539.3 -479.8 -680.9 -450.4 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay -227.0 -60.7 -67.8 108.6 -490.9 -530.5 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) -1 943.0 -1 388.0 -2 020.0 -2 756.0 -2 411.0 -3 885.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a -42 493.2 -55 761.7 -56 063.7 -54 422.0 -60 334.5 -69 101.5 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b -40 766.5 -53 588.6 -53 888.4 -52 056.8 -57 743.2 -66 767.4 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c -1 201.9 -1 550.9 -1 673.1 -1 765.2 -1 941.3 -1 634.1 Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile,<br />

Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti,<br />

Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,<br />

Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 269<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.3 INDICADORES DEL SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR INDICATORS<br />

2.2.3.6 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: SALDO EN TRANSFERENCIAS CORRIENTES, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: BALANCE ON CURRENT TRANSFERS, 1980-2004<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 63.7 9.3 9.1 5.6 13.5 8.4 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 553.8 402.9 424.4 564.0 578.6 687.3 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 17.9 43.4 41.8 42.4 48.7 250.8 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 32.6 77.9 93.4 85.8 92.3 88.2 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 33.1 53.4 48.2 45.9 44.5 51.9 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 244.2 386.8 396.1 371.4 451.3 443.7 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 3 621.0 1 521.1 1 637.5 2 389.8 2 866.6 3 268.2 Brazil<br />

Chile 307.0 558.0 426.8 582.5 599.4 1 051.4 Chile<br />

Colombia 798.8 1 673.2 2 354.0 2 704.1 3 332.6 3 649.9 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 133.9 93.4 155.3 180.7 212.6 215.7 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 646.2 740.4 812.9 820.0 915.0 1 100.0 Cuba<br />

Dominica 7.9 18.1 17.5 13.6 12.8 16.7 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 441.9 1 351.8 1 638.8 1 651.7 1 771.7 1 893.6 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1 388.6 1 797.1 2 298.3 2 022.9 2 114.3 2 575.8 El Salvador<br />

Granada 17.1 20.1 21.2 23.3 36.5 121.5 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 491.2 868.2 996.8 1 976.2 2 461.9 3 005.7 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 62.1 47.0 44.0 40.0 40.3 46.3 Guyana<br />

Haití 552.9 760.7 749.6 753.7 918.0 993.2 Haiti<br />

Honduras 242.5 647.6 929.2 968.7 1 105.9 1 379.1 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 607.0 820.8 914.1 1 086.9 1 189.1 1 446.1 Jamaica<br />

México 3 959.9 6 993.7 9 338.0 10 268.5 13 858.1 17 043.6 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 138.0 452.9 482.5 462.4 518.9 658.8 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 152.6 177.0 226.1 243.8 241.3 228.0 Panama<br />

Paraguay 195.3 176.8 166.5 115.9 164.5 194.2 Paraguay<br />

Perú 832.0 999.3 1 041.6 1 043.4 1 227.5 1 460.8 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 992.2 1 902.3 2 027.5 2 269.3 2 335.9 2 527.5 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 19.2 62.6 16.1 16.4 18.6 18.2 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 9.2 16.3 12.6 12.1 12.9 14.1 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 18.9 18.9 14.3 12.1 12.9 13.9 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 10.3 -2.1 -0.9 -8.5 -5.7 12.8 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago -4.5 37.9 33.4 54.5 58.6 52.6 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 76.0 27.5 29.7 71.8 82.5 88.7 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 109.0 -170.0 -148.0 -157.0 20.0 -89.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 16 771.5 22 584.3 27 248.4 30 733.9 37 351.6 44 517.7 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 15 230.8 20 620.3 25 170.7 28 483.8 34 861.6 41 276.2 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c 894.5 1 223.6 1 264.8 1 430.1 1 575.0 2 141.5 Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile,<br />

Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti,<br />

Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,<br />

Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


270 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.3 INDICADORES DEL SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR INDICATORS<br />

2.2.3.7 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: ÍNDICES DEL QUÁNTUM DE LAS EXPORTACIONES DE BIENES FOB, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: VOLUME INDICES FOR EXPORTS OF GOODS, f.o.b., 1980-2004<br />

(Índices año base 2000 / Indices: base year 2000)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 72.4 100.0 104.3 104.8 112.6 118.1 Argentina<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 75.9 100.0 109.2 109.6 127.8 151.9 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 71.4 100.0 109.6 119.0 137.7 163.8 Brazil<br />

Chile 63.3 100.0 107.4 107.4 116.7 133.6 Chile<br />

Colombia 79.1 100.0 103.1 101.7 107.7 110.1 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 54.4 100.0 89.8 98.6 114.2 115.7 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba ... ... ... ... ... ... Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 104.4 100.0 110.7 118.0 136.7 158.4 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 49.5 100.0 100.6 105.9 111.7 113.4 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 59.7 100.0 100.6 99.7 108.2 112.3 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 24.2 100.0 93.5 84.1 100.1 108.0 Haiti<br />

Honduras 64.1 100.0 118.6 124.9 133.6 143.8 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 49.2 100.0 100.6 100.0 99.3 104.9 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 59.8 100.0 117.3 122.2 139.9 171.4 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 100.5 100.0 102.8 91.2 88.4 100.1 Panama<br />

Paraguay 153.8 100.0 86.3 87.9 95.2 107.7 Paraguay<br />

Perú 65.6 100.0 110.2 116.7 127.2 150.1 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 64.9 100.0 94.2 92.1 96.0 97.3 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 71.9 100.0 92.0 87.1 97.6 119.8 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 83.4 100.0 97.1 92.0 81.2 90.5 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 62.8 100.0 102.5 103.4 107.4 117.7 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile,<br />

Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti,<br />

Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,<br />

Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 271<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.3 INDICADORES DEL SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR INDICATORS<br />

2.2.3.8 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: ÍNDICES DEL QUÁNTUM DE LAS IMPORTACIONES DE BIENES FOB, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: VOLUME INDICES FOR IMPORTS OF GOODS, f.o.b., 1980-2004<br />

(Índices año base 2000 / Indices: base year 2000)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 68.0 100.0 82.4 37.7 58.4 87.7 Argentina<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 76.3 100.0 107.6 111.5 98.5 105.1 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 81.1 100.0 102.9 90.5 87.1 103.0 Brazil<br />

Chile 66.3 100.0 101.3 101.9 112.8 134.7 Chile<br />

Colombia 102.1 100.0 114.8 114.2 121.7 136.2 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 59.2 100.0 99.5 114.4 124.5 126.2 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba ... ... ... ... ... ... Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 105.8 100.0 139.3 167.6 166.1 188.5 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 60.8 100.0 108.3 109.7 118.3 123.5 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 63.2 100.0 113.7 127.5 132.0 140.9 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 47.1 100.0 99.9 91.8 101.0 99.1 Haiti<br />

Honduras 70.8 100.0 121.2 122.8 129.4 144.1 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 35.5 100.0 99.1 97.8 96.9 106.5 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 49.9 100.0 102.3 104.0 110.7 124.3 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 94.6 100.0 98.5 92.6 87.7 101.3 Panama<br />

Paraguay 142.9 100.0 93.1 79.4 88.4 105.0 Paraguay<br />

Perú 93.4 100.0 102.2 104.2 111.5 122.8 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 56.6 100.0 95.8 96.9 79.3 77.7 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 73.4 100.0 93.7 64.1 69.4 92.4 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 59.4 100.0 114.3 79.9 62.7 94.9 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 56.1 100.0 100.7 93.8 94.3 108.0 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile,<br />

Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti,<br />

Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,<br />

Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


272 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.3 INDICADORES DEL SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR INDICATORS<br />

2.2.3.9 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: ÍNDICES DEL VALOR UNITARIO DE LAS EXPORTACIONES DE BIENES FOB, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: UNIT VALUE INDICES FOR EXPORTS OF GOODS, f.o.b., 1980-2004<br />

(Índices año base 2000 / Indices: base year 2000)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 111.0 100.0 96.6 93.0 101.0 111.0 Argentina<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 110.1 100.0 94.4 95.1 100.4 113.4 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 118.2 100.0 96.5 92.1 96.3 106.9 Brazil<br />

Chile 131.8 100.0 88.6 88.1 96.0 124.8 Chile<br />

Colombia 97.7 100.0 90.8 88.2 93.5 114.1 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 110.0 100.0 94.3 91.9 92.8 94.7 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba ... ... ... ... ... ... Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 83.3 100.0 84.1 85.7 90.9 97.2 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 112.5 100.0 97.0 96.2 95.3 99.1 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 117.3 100.0 92.2 91.8 91.8 99.1 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 110.1 100.0 98.4 98.4 100.4 105.4 Haiti<br />

Honduras 106.8 100.0 81.1 78.7 77.9 83.4 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 97.2 100.0 94.9 96.8 99.7 107.6 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 103.5 100.0 86.6 85.2 85.2 90.3 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 103.8 100.0 99.8 99.8 97.8 100.8 Panama<br />

Paraguay 117.8 100.0 94.0 90.8 98.1 107.9 Paraguay<br />

Perú 120.4 100.0 91.7 95.2 102.8 120.9 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 101.5 100.0 97.6 97.7 99.3 103.0 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 125.3 100.0 97.6 92.5 98.1 105.9 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 68.2 100.0 81.9 86.8 99.8 127.8 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 101.8 100.0 93.4 93.5 98.1 109.9 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile,<br />

Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti,<br />

Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,<br />

Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 273<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.3 INDICADORES DEL SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR INDICATORS<br />

2.2.3.10 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: ÍNDICES DEL VALOR UNITARIO DE LAS EXPORTACIONES DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: UNIT VALUE INDICES FOR EXPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES, 1980-2004<br />

(Índices año base 2000 / Indices: base year 2000)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 109.3 100.0 97.9 86.1 93.6 102.6 Argentina<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 108.5 100.0 94.6 98.0 103.1 114.6 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 120.1 100.0 95.2 90.8 95.5 106.5 Brazil<br />

Chile 125.7 100.0 89.9 89.2 97.2 123.3 Chile<br />

Colombia 99.1 100.0 91.9 89.5 94.4 114.3 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 107.5 100.0 96.8 94.8 95.6 98.0 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba ... ... ... ... ... ... Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 87.0 100.0 87.5 89.4 94.4 100.5 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 107.0 100.0 97.9 97.7 98.2 103.1 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 111.2 100.0 95.8 97.3 97.7 105.4 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 88.4 100.0 96.9 95.3 96.6 104.4 Haiti<br />

Honduras 101.5 100.0 84.9 83.2 83.1 88.3 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 93.3 100.0 95.6 97.5 99.8 107.3 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 102.9 100.0 88.9 87.4 87.8 92.7 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 102.5 100.0 100.5 100.9 102.2 106.5 Panama<br />

Paraguay 117.5 100.0 94.2 88.0 94.1 104.2 Paraguay<br />

Perú 118.8 100.0 93.1 96.2 103.5 120.1 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 96.4 100.0 99.0 99.3 96.1 101.0 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 117.5 100.0 97.4 90.6 94.7 102.4 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 69.2 100.0 82.8 86.9 99.5 126.6 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 100.6 100.0 94.1 93.4 97.7 108.9 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile,<br />

Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti,<br />

Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,<br />

Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


274 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.3 INDICADORES DEL SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR INDICATORS<br />

2.2.3.11 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: ÍNDICES DEL VALOR UNITARIO DE LAS IMPORTACIONES DE BIENES FOB, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: UNIT VALUE INDICES FOR IMPORTS OF GOODS, f.o.b., 1980-2004<br />

(Índices año base 2000 / Indices: base year 2000)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 115.7 100.0 97.3 94.2 94.2 101.7 Argentina<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 99.6 100.0 98.6 98.9 101.9 109.0 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 109.8 100.0 96.8 93.6 99.3 109.3 Brazil<br />

Chile 129.1 100.0 94.9 90.7 93.4 99.9 Chile<br />

Colombia 116.0 100.0 96.4 95.4 98.3 105.1 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 106.7 100.0 95.8 94.9 97.2 103.1 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba ... ... ... ... ... ... Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 114.5 100.0 99.4 98.8 101.2 106.3 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 108.9 100.0 94.7 94.7 97.5 102.4 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 101.1 100.0 95.3 95.8 98.7 107.6 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 101.0 100.0 97.3 98.2 101.7 109.8 Haiti<br />

Honduras 80.3 100.0 85.6 85.6 88.6 95.7 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 117.0 100.0 97.4 98.9 100.8 105.9 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 103.4 100.0 97.9 97.9 101.4 109.5 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 101.1 100.0 97.2 98.2 100.7 105.7 Panama<br />

Paraguay 109.6 100.0 93.8 93.9 96.7 103.5 Paraguay<br />

Perú 112.4 100.0 95.9 96.7 100.5 108.6 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 96.5 100.0 96.7 96.3 101.4 106.5 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 111.6 100.0 94.0 88.3 91.4 97.8 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 120.4 100.0 99.6 99.1 101.1 108.2 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 113.5 100.0 97.0 96.8 99.4 105.7 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile,<br />

Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti,<br />

Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,<br />

Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 275<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.3 INDICADORES DEL SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR INDICATORS<br />

2.2.3.12 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: ÍNDICES DEL VALOR UNITARIO DE LAS IMPORTACIONES DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: UNIT VALUE INDICES FOR IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES, 1980-2004<br />

(Índices año base 2000 / Indices: base year 2000)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 111.2 100.0 98.2 95.7 96.9 104.3 Argentina<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 97.5 100.0 98.4 89.7 84.6 89.0 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 105.5 100.0 96.9 93.9 99.3 108.4 Brazil<br />

Chile 120.3 100.0 96.6 93.1 96.8 104.1 Chile<br />

Colombia 111.9 100.0 97.7 96.5 100.2 107.7 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 104.1 100.0 96.9 95.9 98.1 104.5 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba ... ... ... ... ... ... Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 109.9 100.0 100.0 99.2 102.6 108.8 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 106.5 100.0 95.9 96.0 99.1 104.5 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 99.7 100.0 96.4 96.8 99.7 108.8 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 98.4 100.0 98.5 99.1 102.5 109.4 Haiti<br />

Honduras 82.5 100.0 88.6 88.6 92.0 99.6 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 113.4 100.0 97.9 99.2 101.5 106.7 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 101.5 100.0 98.7 98.7 102.3 110.9 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 99.9 100.0 98.0 99.0 102.4 108.2 Panama<br />

Paraguay 107.6 100.0 94.9 94.9 98.2 105.1 Paraguay<br />

Perú 108.5 100.0 97.4 97.6 102.2 110.7 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 96.4 100.0 97.9 97.5 103.0 108.8 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 107.6 100.0 95.6 90.6 94.7 101.1 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 111.8 100.0 100.3 99.7 103.0 110.3 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 109.4 100.0 97.6 97.3 100.3 106.8 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil,<br />

Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana,<br />

Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the<br />

Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


276 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.3 INDICADORES DEL SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR INDICATORS<br />

2.2.3.13 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: ÍNDICES DE LA RELACIÓN DE PRECIOS DEL INTERCAMBIO DE BIENES FOB, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: TERMS OF TRADE INDICES FOR GOODS, f.o.b., 1980-2004<br />

(Índices año base 2000 / Indices: base year 2000)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 96.0 100.0 99.3 98.7 107.2 109.2 Argentina<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 110.6 100.0 95.8 96.2 98.5 104.1 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 107.6 100.0 99.6 98.4 97.0 97.9 Brazil<br />

Chile 102.1 100.0 93.3 97.2 102.8 124.9 Chile<br />

Colombia 84.2 100.0 94.2 92.5 95.2 108.5 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 103.1 100.0 98.4 96.9 95.5 91.9 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba ... ... ... ... ... ... Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 72.7 100.0 84.6 86.8 89.8 91.5 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 103.3 100.0 102.5 101.6 97.7 96.8 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 116.0 100.0 96.7 95.8 93.0 92.1 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 109.1 100.0 101.2 100.2 98.7 96.0 Haiti<br />

Honduras 133.0 100.0 94.8 92.0 88.0 87.2 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 83.1 100.0 97.4 97.9 98.8 101.6 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 100.0 100.0 88.4 87.0 84.1 82.5 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 102.6 100.0 102.7 101.6 97.2 95.3 Panama<br />

Paraguay 107.5 100.0 100.2 96.7 101.4 104.3 Paraguay<br />

Perú 107.2 100.0 95.6 98.4 102.2 111.3 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 105.2 100.0 100.9 101.5 97.9 96.7 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 112.3 100.0 103.8 104.8 107.4 108.4 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 56.6 100.0 82.2 87.6 98.7 118.1 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 89.7 100.0 96.3 96.6 98.7 104.0 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile,<br />

Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti,<br />

Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,<br />

Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 277<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.3 INDICADORES DEL SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR INDICATORS<br />

2.2.3.14 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: ÍNDICES DE LA RELACIÓN DE PRECIOS DEL INTERCAMBIO DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: TERMS OF TRADE INDICES FOR GOODS AND SERVICES, 1980-2004<br />

(Índices año base 2000 / Indices: base year 2000)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 98.3 100.0 99.7 90.0 96.6 98.4 Argentina<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 111.3 100.0 96.1 109.3 121.9 128.8 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 113.8 100.0 98.2 96.7 96.2 98.2 Brazil<br />

Chile 104.5 100.0 93.1 95.8 100.4 118.4 Chile<br />

Colombia 88.6 100.0 94.1 92.7 94.2 106.1 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 103.3 100.0 99.9 98.9 97.5 93.8 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba ... ... ... ... ... ... Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 79.2 100.0 87.5 90.1 92.0 92.4 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 100.5 100.0 102.1 101.8 99.1 98.7 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 111.5 100.0 99.4 100.5 98.0 96.9 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 89.8 100.0 98.4 96.2 94.2 95.4 Haiti<br />

Honduras 123.0 100.0 95.8 93.9 90.3 88.7 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 82.3 100.0 97.7 98.3 98.3 100.6 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 101.4 100.0 90.1 88.6 85.8 83.6 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 102.6 100.0 102.6 101.9 99.8 98.4 Panama<br />

Paraguay 109.2 100.0 99.3 92.7 95.8 99.1 Paraguay<br />

Perú 109.5 100.0 95.6 98.6 101.3 108.5 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 100.0 100.0 101.1 101.8 93.3 92.8 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 109.2 100.0 101.9 100.0 100.0 101.3 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 61.9 100.0 82.6 87.2 96.6 114.8 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 92.0 100.0 96.4 96.0 97.4 102.0 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil,<br />

Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana,<br />

Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the<br />

Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


278 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.3 INDICADORES DEL SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR INDICATORS<br />

2.2.3.15 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: ÍNDICES DEL PODER DE COMPRA DE LAS EXPORTACIONES DE BIENES, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: PURCHASING POWER INDICES OF EXPORTS OF GOODS, 1980-2004<br />

(Índices año base 2000 / Indices: base year 2000)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 69.4 100.0 103.6 103.4 120.7 129.0 Argentina<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 83.9 100.0 104.6 105.4 125.9 158.0 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 76.9 100.0 109.2 117.1 133.6 160.3 Brazil<br />

Chile 64.6 100.0 100.2 104.4 120.0 166.8 Chile<br />

Colombia 66.6 100.0 97.2 94.1 102.5 119.5 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 56.1 100.0 88.4 95.6 109.0 106.3 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba ... ... ... ... ... ... Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 76.0 100.0 93.7 102.5 122.7 144.9 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 51.1 100.0 103.0 107.6 109.1 109.7 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 69.2 100.0 97.3 95.5 100.6 103.4 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 26.3 100.0 94.6 84.2 98.8 103.7 Haiti<br />

Honduras 85.3 100.0 112.4 114.9 117.6 125.3 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 40.8 100.0 97.9 97.9 98.2 106.7 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 59.8 100.0 103.7 106.3 117.6 141.4 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 103.1 100.0 105.6 92.7 85.9 95.4 Panama<br />

Paraguay 165.3 100.0 86.5 84.9 96.5 112.3 Paraguay<br />

Perú 70.3 100.0 105.3 114.9 130.0 167.1 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 68.3 100.0 95.1 93.5 94.0 94.1 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 80.7 100.0 95.5 91.3 104.7 129.8 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 47.2 100.0 79.8 80.6 80.1 106.8 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 56.3 100.0 98.7 99.9 106.0 122.4 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil,<br />

Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana,<br />

Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the<br />

Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San<br />

Vicente y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 279<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.3 INDICADORES DEL SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR INDICATORS<br />

2.2.3.16 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: ÍNDICES DEL PODER DE COMPRA DE LAS EXPORTACIONES DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: PURCHASING POWER INDICES OF EXPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES, 1980-2004<br />

(Índices año base 2000 / Indices: base year 2000)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... ... ... ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 72.1 100.0 101.9 97.1 113.2 122.4 Argentina<br />

Bahamas ... ... ... ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 86.1 100.0 105.1 118.0 157.7 194.6 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 77.3 100.0 107.9 115.3 130.2 155.8 Brazil<br />

Chile 69.1 100.0 99.6 104.1 117.4 156.6 Chile<br />

Colombia 69.7 100.0 97.6 93.2 99.5 114.8 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 55.2 100.0 91.2 96.1 107.7 106.3 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba ... ... ... ... ... ... Cuba<br />

Dominica ... ... ... ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 79.0 100.0 94.3 102.4 118.2 135.6 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 52.3 100.0 102.4 108.2 110.4 112.4 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... ... ... ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 73.4 100.0 104.9 106.1 107.0 109.7 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 38.8 100.0 89.6 84.3 90.6 92.5 Haiti<br />

Honduras 79.6 100.0 109.8 113.6 117.5 123.6 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 43.7 100.0 97.2 97.2 97.0 105.0 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 59.2 100.0 102.8 105.0 116.0 135.2 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 97.3 100.0 104.2 97.9 94.8 101.6 Panama<br />

Paraguay 152.6 100.0 88.1 87.4 96.3 107.1 Paraguay<br />

Perú 71.9 100.0 102.6 111.9 124.4 154.7 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 66.3 100.0 95.6 94.2 96.8 94.9 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 89.1 100.0 93.2 81.2 89.0 108.4 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 53.5 100.0 80.5 80.4 78.5 104.1 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a ... ... ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 59.6 100.0 98.3 99.2 104.6 119.7 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c ... ... ... ... ... ... Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil,<br />

Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana,<br />

Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the<br />

Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


280 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.3 INDICADORES DEL SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR INDICATORS<br />

2.2.3.17 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: PRECIOS DE LOS PRINCIPALES PRODUCTOS BÁSICOS DE EXPORTACIÓN, 1980-2004 a<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: PRICE OF LEADING EXPORT COMMODITIES, 1980-2004 a<br />

(Año base 2000=100 / Base year 2000=100)<br />

Producto 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Product<br />

Alimentos Food<br />

Bananas 19.9 19.0 26.4 23.9 17.0 23.8 Bananas<br />

Azúcar 13.3 8.2 8.6 6.9 7.1 7.2 Sugar<br />

Camarón 15.7 17.2 13.0 12.1 11.5 10.4 Shrimp u.s. gulf<br />

Carne 86.5 87.8 96.6 96.3 96.8 114.0 Beef<br />

Naranjas 531.5 363.2 595.5 564.5 683.1 854.6 Oranges<br />

Trigo 178.8 119.2 129.9 151.5 150.4 160.6 Wheat<br />

Maíz 125.1 90.0 91.0 100.5 107.0 112.4 Maize<br />

Arroz 321.5 203.8 172.7 191.7 199.5 245.7 Rice<br />

Bebidas Beverages<br />

Café 1 158.3 102.6 72.2 65.3 67.3 84.2 Coffee 1<br />

Café 2 145.9 79.9 50.5 45.1 50.8 68.2 Coffee 2<br />

Té 176.3 248.1 198.1 179.2 194.2 198.3 Tea<br />

Cacao 65.0 40.3 49.4 80.7 79.6 70.2 Cocoa<br />

Aceites, harinas y semillas oleaginosas Oils, fl ours and oily seeds<br />

Aceite <strong>de</strong> soya 625.1 338.1 354.0 454.3 553.9 616.0 Soybean oil<br />

Aceite <strong>de</strong> cacahuete 990.9 713.7 680.3 687.1 1 243.2 1 161.0 Groundnut oil<br />

Aceite <strong>de</strong> palma 628.3 310.3 285.7 390.3 443.3 471.3 Palm oil<br />

Aceite <strong>de</strong> coco 669.6 450.3 318.1 421.0 467.3 660.8 Coconut oil<br />

Aceite <strong>de</strong> girasol 693.3 391.8 484.3 594.3 593.3 684.1 Sunfl ower oil<br />

Aceite <strong>de</strong> grano <strong>de</strong> palma 677.4 443.5 308.1 415.8 458.8 648.1 Palm kern<strong>el</strong> oil<br />

Soya 259.3 211.8 195.8 212.7 264.0 306.5 Soybeans<br />

Harina <strong>de</strong> soya 210.6 199.7 197.8 191.1 224.4 256.8 Soybean meal<br />

Materias primas silvoagropecuarias y pesqueras Agricultural and fi shing basic products<br />

Chapeado 582.6 448.5 409.8 402.8 436.1 464.8 Plywood<br />

Pulpa <strong>de</strong> ma<strong>de</strong>ra 853.5 664.6 518.7 452.2 521.4 634.5 Wood pulp<br />

Tabaco 119.9 135.6 135.6 124.5 120.1 124.3 Tobacco<br />

Caucho 226.9 115.1 103.0 136.6 188.5 220.5 Rubber<br />

Lana 231.5 127.5 150.8 256.6 299.0 251.0 Wool<br />

Algodón 97.4 59.2 48.0 46.2 63.4 61.4 Cotton<br />

Pi<strong>el</strong>es 88.1 80.2 84.6 82.1 68.3 67.2 Cattle hi<strong>de</strong>s<br />

Harina <strong>de</strong> pescado 495.0 413.0 486.7 605.9 610.8 648.6 Fish meal<br />

Yute 365.7 278.8 329.6 271.0 242.0 280.2 Yute<br />

Minerales y metales Minerals and metals<br />

Cobre 133.1 82.3 71.6 70.7 80.7 130.0 Copper<br />

Hierro 27.0 27.7 28.9 28.6 31.0 36.5 Iron ore<br />

Producto <strong>de</strong> acero 106.7 76.4 66.8 67.7 78.8 121.5 Ste<strong>el</strong> product<br />

Aluminio 81.9 70.3 65.5 61.2 64.9 77.8 Aluminum<br />

Plata 519.0 499.9 438.7 462.9 491.1 666.6 Silver<br />

Zinc 46.8 51.2 40.2 35.3 37.6 47.5 Zinc<br />

Estaño 281.8 246.5 203.3 184.1 221.9 385.8 Tin<br />

Níqu<strong>el</strong> 8 227.8 8 637.7 5 944.7 6 771.8 9 629.5 13 823.2 Nick<strong>el</strong><br />

Plomo 28.6 20.6 21.6 20.5 23.4 40.2 Lead<br />

Oro 384.2 279.0 271.0 310.0 363.5 409.2 Gold<br />

Energía Energy<br />

Petróleo crudo 16.1 26.3 20.4 22.6 27.0 33.7 Cru<strong>de</strong> oil<br />

Derivados <strong>de</strong>l petróleo 21.3 35.1 31.0 30.4 36.8 49.4 Petroleum products<br />

Carbón 39.4 26.3 32.3 25.3 26.1 52.9 Coal<br />

Gas Natural 1.7 4.3 4.0 3.4 5.5 5.9 Natural gas<br />

a a Ver fuentes estadísticas sobre precios <strong>de</strong> los productos básicos.<br />

See statistical sources on commodity prices.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 281<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.3 INDICADORES DEL SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR INDICATORS<br />

2.2.3.18 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: ÍNDICES DE PRECIOS DE LOS PRINCIPALES PRODUCTOS BÁSICOS DE EXPORTACIÓN, 1980-2004 a<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: PRICE INDICES OF LEADING EXPORT COMMODITIES, 1980-2004 a<br />

(Valores corrientes / Current values)<br />

Producto 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Product<br />

Productos Agropecuarios 135.1 100 94.9 95.1 101.8 115.4 Agricultural products<br />

Alimentos, bebidas y oleaginosas 135.7 100 96.3 96.0 101.5 116.9 Food, beverages and oils<br />

Alimentos 125.3 100 107.9 102.5 96.1 108.1 Food<br />

Bananas 104.7 100 138.8 125.5 89.4 125.1 Bananas<br />

Azúcar 162.4 100 105.6 84.2 86.7 87.6 Sugar<br />

Camarón 91.3 100 75.2 70.0 66.8 60.3 Shrimp u.s. gulf<br />

Carne 98.5 100 110.0 109.7 110.2 129.8 Beef<br />

Naranjas 146.3 100 164.0 155.4 188.1 235.3 Oranges<br />

Trigo 150.0 100 109.0 127.1 126.2 134.8 Wheat<br />

Maíz 139.0 100 101.1 111.7 118.9 124.9 Maize<br />

Arroz 157.8 100 84.7 94.1 97.9 120.6 Rice<br />

Bebidas 167.4 100 68.9 65.1 69.5 86.9 Beverages<br />

Café 1 154.3 100 70.4 63.6 65.6 82.0 Coffee 1<br />

Café 2 182.7 100 63.3 56.5 63.6 85.4 Coffee 2<br />

Té 71.1 100 79.9 72.2 78.3 79.9 Tea<br />

Cacao 161.5 100 122.7 200.3 197.7 174.4 Cocoa<br />

Aceites, harinas y semillas oleaginosas 128.9 100 99.0 106.9 127.2 145.3 Oils, fl ours and oily seeds<br />

Aceite <strong>de</strong> soya 184.9 100 104.7 134.4 163.8 182.2 Soybean oil<br />

Aceite <strong>de</strong> cacahuete 138.8 100 95.3 96.3 174.2 162.7 Groundnut oil<br />

Aceite <strong>de</strong> palma 202.5 100 92.1 125.8 142.9 151.9 Palm oil<br />

Aceite <strong>de</strong> coco 148.7 100 70.6 93.5 103.8 146.7 Coconut oil<br />

Aceite <strong>de</strong> girasol 176.9 100 123.6 151.7 151.4 174.6 Sunfl ower oil<br />

Aceite <strong>de</strong> grano <strong>de</strong> palma 152.7 100 69.5 93.8 103.4 146.1 Palm kern<strong>el</strong> oil<br />

Soya 122.4 100 92.4 100.4 124.6 144.7 Soybeans<br />

Harina <strong>de</strong> soya 105.5 100 99.1 95.7 112.4 128.6 Soybean meal<br />

Materias primas silvoagropecuarias y pesqueras 133.7 100 91.5 92.6 102.3 111.7 Agricultural and fi shing basic products<br />

Chapeado 129.9 100 91.4 89.8 97.2 103.6 Plywood<br />

Pulpa <strong>de</strong> ma<strong>de</strong>ra 128.4 100 78.0 68.0 78.5 95.5 Wood pulp<br />

Tabaco 88.5 100 100.0 91.8 88.6 91.7 Tobacco<br />

Caucho 197.1 100 89.5 118.7 163.8 191.5 Rubber<br />

Lana 181.6 100 118.3 201.3 234.5 196.9 Wool<br />

Algodón 164.4 100 81.0 78.1 107.1 103.6 Cotton<br />

Pi<strong>el</strong>es 109.9 100 105.5 102.4 85.2 83.7 Cattle hi<strong>de</strong>s<br />

Harina <strong>de</strong> pescado 119.9 100 117.8 146.7 147.9 157.0 Fish meal<br />

Yute 131.1 100 118.2 97.2 86.8 100.5 Yute<br />

Minerales y metales 134.6 100 89.9 90.2 102.7 148.2 Minerals and metals<br />

Cobre 161.8 100 87.0 86.0 98.1 158.0 Copper<br />

Hierro 97.4 100 104.5 103.4 112.2 131.7 Iron ore<br />

Producto <strong>de</strong> acero 139.7 100 87.4 88.6 103.1 159.0 Ste<strong>el</strong> product<br />

Aluminio 116.6 100 93.2 87.1 92.4 110.7 Aluminum<br />

Plata 103.8 100 87.7 92.6 98.2 133.3 Silver<br />

Zinc 91.4 100 78.5 69.0 73.4 92.9 Zinc<br />

Estaño 114.3 100 82.5 74.7 90.0 156.5 Tin<br />

Níqu<strong>el</strong> 95.3 100 68.8 78.4 111.5 160.0 Nick<strong>el</strong><br />

Plomo 138.9 100 104.9 99.7 113.5 195.2 Lead<br />

Oro 137.7 100 97.1 111.1 130.3 146.7 Gold<br />

Energía 63.7 100 81.4 86.4 103.0 133.3 Energy<br />

Petróleo crudo 61.1 100 77.3 85.9 102.5 127.9 Cru<strong>de</strong> oil<br />

Derivados <strong>de</strong>l petróleo 60.7 100 88.4 86.7 104.9 140.7 Petroleum products<br />

Carbón 150.0 100 123.1 96.4 99.4 201.7 Coal<br />

Gas Natural 40.0 100 91.8 77.9 127.5 136.8 Natural gas<br />

Total 113.6 100 89.0 90.7 102.5 133.0 Total<br />

Total sin energía 134.9 100 92.3 92.5 102.3 132.8 Total without energy<br />

a a Ver fuentes estadísticas sobre precios <strong>de</strong> los productos básicos.<br />

See statistical sources on commodity prices.


282 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.4 FINANCIAMIENTO Y DEUDA EXTERNA / FINANCING AND EXTERNAL DEBT<br />

2.2.4.1 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: RELACIÓN ENTRE LOS INTERESES TOTALES DEVENGADOS Y LAS EXPORTACIONES DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: RATIO OF TOTAL ACCRUED INTEREST TO EXPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES, 1980-2004<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 4.7 8.1 3.9 5.7 5.1 6.2 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 27.7 40.0 39.4 35.8 29.2 24.6 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 10.4 11.7 10.8 8.9 6.4 5.8 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 7.8 9.7 10.9 11.8 11.1 _ Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 3.8 6.2 8.3 7.1 9.8 _ B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 16.5 14.3 21.3 19.2 18.5 18.2 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 21.9 26.5 26.4 21.9 18.9 15.3 Brazil<br />

Chile 7.3 8.2 7.7 6.6 5.3 4.1 Chile<br />

Colombia 15.6 16.9 17.1 17.6 15.3 12.8 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 5.7 4.1 5.1 4.1 3.9 3.5 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba _ _ _ _ _ _ Cuba<br />

Dominica 3.8 7.5 8.1 9.3 8.6 11.1 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 16.9 19.9 19.0 16.9 15.4 13.1 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 5.9 8.6 9.3 9.8 11.3 11.4 El Salvador<br />

Granada 4.6 4.7 5.8 11.2 15.5 15.8 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 3.9 4.7 5.6 6.2 5.3 5.4 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 19.2 8.9 9.6 8.6 7.8 _ Guyana<br />

Haití 14.0 1.8 2.1 3.3 3.1 2.3 Haiti<br />

Honduras 13.3 7.5 6.5 5.7 4.9 3.9 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 8.2 6.5 9.6 11.3 12.0 _ Jamaica<br />

México 13.6 7.6 8.0 7.4 7.2 6.2 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 53.0 14.8 15.9 12.1 9.2 7.4 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 22.5 20.1 17.6 13.6 11.5 10.2 Panama<br />

Paraguay 2.1 5.3 6.2 4.7 4.1 3.3 Paraguay<br />

Perú 33.8 21.6 19.7 14.6 12.6 10.0 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 4.6 2.8 3.0 3.4 3.6 4.6 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 2.1 7.5 7.9 11.5 13.9 12.0 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 3.4 5.3 4.4 3.3 4.0 4.8 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 2.4 4.0 5.5 5.1 5.8 5.8 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 0.8 1.2 22.5 12.1 10.1 _ Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 10.0 14.6 13.3 8.3 _ _ Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 16.5 20.6 24.5 24.5 20.2 19.1 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 16.1 8.6 9.7 8.5 7.9 5.4 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 16.1 13.9 14.4 12.7 11.4 9.5 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 16.7 14.2 14.7 12.9 11.8 9.9 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c 8.5 10.1 11.1 9.3 6.1 1.5 Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil,<br />

Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana,<br />

Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the<br />

Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 283<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.4 FINANCIAMIENTO Y DEUDA EXTERNA / FINANCING AND EXTERNAL DEBT<br />

2.2.4.2 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: RELACIÓN ENTRE LAS UTILIDADES PAGADAS Y LAS EXPORTACIONES DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: RATIO OF TOTAL PAID PROFIT TO EXPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES, 1980-2004<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 3.3 4.8 5.3 5.1 5.2 4.7 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 8.5 7.9 2.5 0.4 3.1 6.4 Argentina<br />

Bahamas _ _ _ _ _ _ Bahamas<br />

Barbados 0.6 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.5 _ Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 2.7 7.4 7.4 6.7 5.9 _ B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 2.0 10.1 _ _ _ _ Bolivia<br />

Brasil 5.3 6.6 7.4 8.5 7.2 6.3 Brazil<br />

Chile 11.3 10.9 10.0 10.8 17.4 21.2 Chile<br />

Colombia 2.9 4.2 6.2 7.4 10.0 12.0 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 2.4 14.7 8.2 4.9 7.8 3.8 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba _ _ _ _ _ _ Cuba<br />

Dominica 10.9 22.8 13.5 12.8 11.3 14.9 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 2.8 4.7 5.9 5.0 5.0 4.1 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador _ 1.6 2.0 2.3 2.1 1.9 El Salvador<br />

Granada 10.2 11.8 17.1 18.7 14.5 7.2 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 3.4 5.8 4.4 5.7 6.6 5.2 Guatemala<br />

Guyana _ 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.3 _ Guyana<br />

Haití 2.0 _ _ _ _ _ Haiti<br />

Honduras 2.4 2.8 4.3 4.3 6.3 6.8 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 6.8 8.1 9.0 13.5 9.3 _ Jamaica<br />

México 4.8 4.0 3.2 1.9 1.9 1.7 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 4.3 6.3 6.9 6.3 5.9 4.8 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 5.2 7.4 7.3 2.6 9.4 11.1 Panama<br />

Paraguay 1.3 2.9 3.6 1.6 2.0 2.0 Paraguay<br />

Perú 12.6 4.1 1.5 5.2 10.3 15.9 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 10.9 11.9 13.0 14.0 15.6 16.5 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 12.2 14.1 15.2 14.6 13.9 12.1 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 8.1 7.1 6.4 8.5 12.0 13.5 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 9.3 8.9 9.5 7.1 8.2 10.3 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname _ _ _ _ _ _ Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 6.7 _ _ 3.6 _ _ Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 1.5 2.4 3.1 -11.7 3.6 3.3 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 2.1 4.1 6.7 7.0 6.7 8.2 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 5.4 5.4 4.9 4.4 5.3 6.0 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 5.5 5.6 5.0 4.4 5.5 6.3 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c 4.5 3.1 3.3 5.4 3.1 0.8 Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil,<br />

Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana,<br />

Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the<br />

Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


284 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.4 FINANCIAMIENTO Y DEUDA EXTERNA / FINANCING AND EXTERNAL DEBT<br />

a b<br />

2.2.4.3 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: INGRESO NETO DE CAPITALES Y TRANSFERENCIA DE RECURSOS, 1980-2004<br />

a b<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: NET CAPITAL INFLOW AND RESOURCE TRANSFERS, 1980-2004<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Billions of dollars)<br />

Ingreso neto Ingreso neto Transferencia neta Exportaciones Transferencia <strong>de</strong> recursos como<br />

<strong>de</strong> capitales <strong>de</strong> capitales Saldo en renta <strong>de</strong> recursos <strong>de</strong> bienes porcentaje <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones<br />

Año / Year autónomos c no autónomos c<br />

(5)=(3)-(4) y servicios <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios (7)=(5)/(6)<br />

c<br />

Net capital Net capital<br />

Total<br />

Net resource Exports of Resource transfers as a<br />

autonomous non-autonomous Balance on income transfers goods and percentage of exports of goods<br />

infl ows c infl ows c (5)=(3)-(4) services and services (7)=(5)/(6)<br />

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)<br />

1980 29.2 1.7 30.9 -18.9 12.0 106.9 11.3<br />

1981 38.4 1.8 40.1 -29.1 11.1 115.6 9.6<br />

1982 3.3 17.2 20.5 -38.9 -18.4 105.2 -17.5<br />

1983 -22.3 30.1 7.9 34.5 42.4 105.4 40.2<br />

1984 -10.9 23.9 13.0 -37.5 -24.5 117.5 -20.8<br />

1985 -16.4 20.3 3.9 -35.5 -31.6 112.8 -28.1<br />

1986 -12.4 21.9 9.4 -32.7 -23.3 99.2 -23.4<br />

1987 -13.2 25.6 12.4 -31.0 -18.6 113.4 -16.4<br />

1988 -19.8 22.8 3.0 -34.6 -31.6 130.6 -24.2<br />

1989 -18.8 29.0 10.2 -39.0 -28.8 145.8 -19.7<br />

1990 -5.5 21.6 16.1 -34.2 -18.1 162.0 -11.2<br />

1991 23.3 11.8 35.1 -31.4 3.7 164.2 2.3<br />

1992 48.6 7.5 56.1 -30.1 26.1 177.0 14.7<br />

1993 68.4 -1.9 66.4 -34.5 32.0 193.5 16.5<br />

1994 41.2 5.8 47.0 -36.1 11.0 222.5 4.9<br />

1995 29.3 31.6 61.0 -40.8 20.2 265.9 7.6<br />

1996 63.9 0.9 64.8 -42.7 22.0 295.0 7.5<br />

1997 89.2 -9.0 80.2 -47.7 32.6 327.3 9.9<br />

1998 63.4 15.7 79.1 -51.3 27.8 327.1 8.5<br />

1999 42.6 6.1 48.7 -50.3 -1.6 343.0 -0.5<br />

2000 61.2 -7.7 53.5 -53.6 -0.1 408.4 -0.0<br />

2001 34.0 16.4 50.4 -53.8 -3.4 391.7 -0.9<br />

2002 -12.3 22.6 10.3 -51.9 -41.5 394.0 -10.5<br />

2003 2.1 18.7 20.8 -57.6 -36.8 428.4 -8.6<br />

2004 -6.1 10.1 4.0 -66.5 -62.5 521.9 -12.0<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s information for 19 Latin American and Caribeean countries: Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a,<br />

Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras,<br />

Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

b Net resource transfers are equal to net capital infl ows (including non-autonomous capital) less the balance on the income<br />

account (net payments of profi ts and interest).<br />

c Inclu<strong>de</strong>s errors and omissions, the use of IMF credit, IMF loans and exceptional fi nancing (transactions inclu<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>bt<br />

forgiveness and the accumulation of arrears).<br />

a Incluye información para 19 países <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe: Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana<br />

<strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

b La “Transferencia neta <strong>de</strong> Recursos” equivale al ingreso neto <strong>de</strong> capitales (autónomos y no autónomos) menos <strong>el</strong> saldo<br />

en la cuenta <strong>de</strong> “Renta” (pago neto <strong>de</strong> utilida<strong>de</strong>s e intereses).<br />

c Incluye errores y omisiones, incluye préstamos y uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito <strong>de</strong>l FMI y fi nanciamiento excepcional (entre otras<br />

transacciones, incluye las condonaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda y la acumulación <strong>de</strong> atrasos <strong>de</strong> pagos).


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 285<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.4 FINANCIAMIENTO Y DEUDA EXTERNA / FINANCING AND EXTERNAL DEBT<br />

2.2.4.4 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: TRANSFERENCIA NETA DE RECURSOS, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: NET RESOURCE TRANSFERS, 1980-2004<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda -12.8 15.1 58.5 75.7 89.7 44.4 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 423.5 1 028.2 -16 030.0 -20 667.9 -12 407.9 -6 962.1 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 7.3 237.3 377.9 189.4 365.3 374.1 Bahamas<br />

Barbados -65.3 242.6 233.7 43.6 130.4 61.8 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice -0.9 137.3 109.6 85.1 60.3 108.1 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 243.3 182.3 34.4 -130.2 -271.3 -531.6 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 19 950.7 4 078.3 6 777.9 -10 251.8 -14 233.8 -30 013.7 Brazil<br />

Chile -624.3 -1 621.4 -2 022.1 -2 068.1 -3 869.8 -9 681.1 Chile<br />

Colombia 2 926.8 -2 165.0 -303.7 -1 369.5 -2 642.9 -675.3 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 311.9 -698.7 -79.1 561.8 419.0 394.8 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 71.4 183.2 92.3 -300.0 -450.0 100.0 Cuba<br />

Dominica 34.8 21.0 30.5 31.9 20.3 20.1 Dominica<br />

Ecuador -104.6 -2 019.6 -775.5 28.0 -971.7 -1 061.0 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 343.2 131.9 -293.1 -41.8 657.4 112.2 El Salvador<br />

Granada 33.4 61.0 69.5 108.6 80.6 63.9 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 255.6 1 494.0 1 642.3 938.3 1 271.0 1 478.0 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 16.4 81.2 80.6 57.5 39.0 39.0 Guyana<br />

Haití 232.0 44.9 129.4 26.3 5.4 65.4 Haiti<br />

Honduras 65.3 161.5 279.8 261.5 -47.9 616.5 Honduras<br />

Jamaica -327.5 516.9 1 167.7 210.2 -261.2 612.3 Jamaica<br />

México -1 464.5 6 194.4 11 161.4 8 502.2 5 959.7 474.9 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 338.9 573.3 442.2 651.7 627.4 705.8 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 82.4 4.2 204.4 -38.9 -545.2 -334.4 Panama<br />

Paraguay 262.2 -29.7 237.1 -133.6 175.2 159.5 Paraguay<br />

Perú 3 064.2 -323.6 318.4 468.5 -693.2 -968.1 Peru<br />

República Dominicana -455.0 -84.7 167.6 -880.4 -2 787.3 -2 180.0 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 36.8 31.7 83.0 94.4 71.1 60.4 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 27.6 18.8 30.2 17.2 55.2 98.9 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía _ 63.7 73.3 75.4 114.7 73.9 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 46.6 -16.5 54.1 69.6 106.3 99.2 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago -643.8 -731.7 -453.1 -440.5 -1 331.4 -1 338.9 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 203.5 728.0 707.3 -2 601.4 947.8 28.4 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) -5 864.2 -7 791.6 -6 035.0 -14 782.0 -8 405.0 -15 562.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 19 414.9 748.3 -1 428.5 -41 209.2 -37 722.8 -63 516.6 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 20 190.9 -113.3 -3 436.3 -41 527.3 -36 813.1 -63 933.8 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c -847.4 678.4 1 915.5 618.1 -459.7 317.2 Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil,<br />

Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana,<br />

Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the<br />

Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


286 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.4 FINANCIAMIENTO Y DEUDA EXTERNA / FINANCING AND EXTERNAL DEBT<br />

2.2.4.5 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: INVERSIÓN EXTRANJERA DIRECTA NETA, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: NET FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, 1980-2004<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 31.5 28.1 43.9 47.7 166.3 76.5 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 4 112.2 9 517.3 2 005.2 2 776.0 878.2 3 922.6 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 106.7 249.7 102.4 152.8 146.6 273.6 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 8.5 18.3 17.5 16.9 57.8 31.4 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 21.1 17.7 59.9 25.0 28.4 145.0 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 390.7 733.6 703.3 674.1 194.9 113.7 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 3 475.0 30 497.6 24 715.0 14 108.1 9 894.2 8 694.9 Brazil<br />

Chile 2 205.0 873.4 2 590.1 2 206.7 2 501.3 6 659.8 Chile<br />

Colombia 712.2 2 069.5 2 508.8 1 257.7 863.3 2 909.4 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 331.4 403.6 447.4 624.3 547.3 556.7 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba _ 448.1 38.9 _ _ _ Cuba<br />

Dominica 54.1 17.6 14.7 17.7 29.0 23.8 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 452.5 720.0 1 329.8 1 275.3 1 554.7 1 160.3 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 38.0 178.4 288.7 495.9 154.3 458.5 El Salvador<br />

Granada 20.0 37.4 58.7 58.8 89.2 54.0 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 75.2 229.8 455.5 110.6 131.0 154.7 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 74.4 67.1 56.0 43.6 26.1 _ Guyana<br />

Haití 7.4 13.3 4.4 5.7 13.8 5.9 Haiti<br />

Honduras 50.0 282.0 193.0 175.5 247.2 293.0 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 81.1 394.0 524.9 407.2 604.4 541.6 Jamaica<br />

México 9 526.3 16 075.3 23 331.1 16 191.7 10 966.5 14 420.0 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 88.9 266.9 150.2 203.9 201.3 185.6 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 223.0 700.3 404.6 98.6 791.5 1 012.3 Panama<br />

Paraguay 98.1 98.4 78.4 12.0 29.9 63.9 Paraguay<br />

Perú 2 549.0 809.7 1 069.9 2 155.8 1 275.0 1 816.0 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 414.3 952.9 1 079.1 916.8 613.0 758.4 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 20.5 96.2 88.1 80.4 75.6 46.1 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 30.6 37.7 21.0 34.1 55.2 65.7 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 32.8 53.7 58.8 51.9 106.4 79.7 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname -20.6 -148.0 -26.8 -73.6 -76.1 -76.1 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 298.9 654.3 684.9 684.3 583.1 600.0 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 156.6 274.1 290.6 180.0 401.3 299.5 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 894.0 4 180.0 3 479.0 -244.0 1 341.0 1 866.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 26 559.4 70 848.0 66 867.0 44 771.5 34 491.7 47 212.5 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 25 799.8 68 876.1 65 124.1 43 224.7 32 599.7 45 351.2 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c 759.6 1 523.8 1 704.0 1 546.8 1 892.0 1 861.3 Caribbean c<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile,<br />

Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti,<br />

Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,<br />

Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad y Tabago.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 287<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.4 FINANCIAMIENTO Y DEUDA EXTERNA / FINANCING AND EXTERNAL DEBT<br />

2.2.4.6 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: DEUDA EXTERNA TOTAL, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: TOTAL EXTERNAL DEBT, 1980-2004<br />

(Saldo a fi nes <strong>de</strong> año en millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Year-end balance, in millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda a 286.8 471.8 496.1 540.9 575.8 335.1 Antigua and Barbuda a<br />

Argentina b 101 462.0 155 015.0 166 272.0 156 748.2 164 918.5 171 115.3 Argentina b<br />

Bahamas a 305.0 349.0 328.0 309.0 362.0 343.0 Bahamas a<br />

Barbados a 479.0 605.0 539.0 755.0 737.0 792.0 Barbados a<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice a ... 433.7 486.6 574.5 749.7 841.0 B<strong>el</strong>ize a<br />

Bolivia a 4 782.5 4 460.3 4 411.8 4 299.7 5 042.1 4 950.6 Bolivia a<br />

Brasil b 159 256.0 216 921.0 209 934.0 210 711.0 214 930.0 201 373.0 Brazil b<br />

Chile b 25 662.0 37 177.0 38 538.0 40 675.0 43 359.0 43 283.0 Chile b<br />

Colombia b 26 341.0 36 130.0 39 109.0 37 336.0 38 065.0 39 459.7 Colombia b<br />

Costa Rica a 3 259.0 3 150.6 3 174.6 3 280.6 3 733.0 3 883.7 Costa Rica a<br />

Cuba a 10 504.0 10 961.3 10 893.0 10 900.0 11 300.0 12 000.0 Cuba a<br />

Dominica a 103.0 153.5 181.3 208.6 229.5 245.5 Dominica a<br />

Ecuador b 13 934.0 13 564.0 14 411.0 16 287.5 16 595.0 17 010.1 Ecuador b<br />

El Salvador a 2 168.0 2 831.0 3 148.0 3 987.0 4 717.0 4 778.0 El Salvador a<br />

Granada a 86.6 134.7 182.6 320.7 342.9 409.5 Grenada a<br />

Guatemala a 2 107.0 2 644.0 2 925.0 3 119.0 3 467.0 3 844.0 Guatemala a<br />

Guyana a 2 058.0 1 195.0 1 193.0 1 246.0 1 092.0 1 078.0 Guyana a<br />

Haití a 901.2 1 170.3 1 188.8 1 211.9 1 287.4 1 316.3 Haiti a<br />

Honduras b 4 243.0 4 710.8 4 757.0 4 922.4 5 142.7 5 791.8 Honduras b<br />

Jamaica a ... 3 375.0 4 146.0 4 348.0 4 192.0 5 120.0 Jamaica a<br />

México b 164 010.0 148 652.0 144 526.6 140 097.1 140 554.6 139 122.4 Mexico b<br />

Nicaragua a 10 248.4 6 659.9 6 374.2 6 362.6 6 595.8 5 390.6 Nicaragua a<br />

Panamá a 5 891.0 5 604.1 6 262.8 6 349.1 6 503.6 7 219.2 Panama a<br />

Paraguay b 1 742.0 2 819.0 2 652.0 2 866.0 3 086.0 2 994.0 Paraguay b<br />

Perú b 33 362.0 27 981.0 27 196.0 27 873.0 29 586.9 31 116.9 Peru b<br />

República Dominicana b 3 998.6 3 681.9 4 177.0 4 536.0 5 987.0 6 379.7 Dominican Republic b<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis a 54.1 161.5 205.8 261.1 367.1 321.9 Saint Kitts and Nevis a<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas a 116.0 197.3 203.4 258.8 329.9 362.0 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines a<br />

Santa Lucía a 87.5 159.8 169.5 169.7 192.3 221.1 Saint Lucia a<br />

Suriname a ... ... ... 369.4 381.1 381.2 Suriname a<br />

Trinidad y Tabago a 1 876.0 1 637.6 1 665.9 1 549.1 1 553.0 1 350.6 Trinidad and Tobago a<br />

Uruguay b 5 317.6 8 894.9 8 936.5 10 547.8 11 012.9 11 593.1 Uruguay b<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) b 37 537.0 36 437.0 35 398.0 35 460.0 39 672.0 44 546.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) b<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe c 622 178.2 738 339.0 744 082.6 738 480.6 766 659.9 768 968.3 Latin America and the Caribbean c<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> d 606 222.3 718 503.8 723 392.3 716 669.8 744 255.5 745 167.4 Latin America d<br />

Caribe e 5 452.0 8 874.0 9 797.2 10 910.8 11 104.3 11 800.9 Caribbean e<br />

ALADI f 573 406.1 688 051.2 691 384.9 682 901.2 706 822.0 706 564.1 LAIA f<br />

Comunidad Andina g 115 956.5 118 572.3 120 525.8 121 256.2 128 961.0 137 083.3 An<strong>de</strong>an Community g<br />

Mercosur h 267 777.6 383 649.9 387 794.5 380 872.9 393 947.4 387 075.4 MERCOSUR h<br />

MCCA i 22 025.4 19 996.3 20 378.8 21 671.6 23 655.5 23 688.1 CACM i<br />

a Public external <strong>de</strong>bt.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the public-and private-sector external <strong>de</strong>bt. Also inclu<strong>de</strong>s International Monetary Fund loans.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile,<br />

Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras,<br />

Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia,<br />

Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

d Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

e Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

f Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru and<br />

Uruguay.<br />

g Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.<br />

h Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

i Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.<br />

a Deuda externa pública.<br />

b Incluye la <strong>de</strong>uda externa <strong>de</strong>l sector público y privado. También incluye la <strong>de</strong>uda con <strong>el</strong> Fondo Monetario Internacional.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía, Suriname,<br />

Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

d Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

e Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las<br />

Granadinas, Santa Lucía, Suriname y Trinidad y Tabago.<br />

f Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, México, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a y<br />

Uruguay.<br />

g Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a.<br />

h Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

i Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua.


288 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.4 FINANCIAMIENTO Y DEUDA EXTERNA / FINANCING AND EXTERNAL DEBT<br />

2.2.4.7 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: DEUDA EXTERNA TOTAL COMO PORCENTAJE DEL PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO, 1990-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: TOTAL EXTERNAL DEBT AS PERCENTAGE OF GDP, 1990-2004<br />

(Porcentaje / Percentage)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda a 58.1 70.9 71.1 75.3 75.7 41.3 Antigua and Barbuda a<br />

Argentina b 39.3 54.5 61.9 153.6 127.3 111.8 Argentina b<br />

Bahamas a 8.9 7.0 6.4 5.7 6.6 6.0 Bahamas a<br />

Barbados a 25.6 23.3 21.1 29.1 27.3 28.4 Barbados a<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice a ... 52.1 56.0 62.0 76.0 74.8 B<strong>el</strong>ize a<br />

Bolivia a 71.2 53.1 54.2 54.3 62.3 56.4 Bolivia a<br />

Brasil b 22.6 36.0 41.3 45.7 42.5 33.3 Brazil b<br />

Chile b 35.6 49.4 56.2 60.5 59.1 46.0 Chile b<br />

Colombia b 28.5 43.1 47.7 45.7 47.6 40.5 Colombia b<br />

Costa Rica a 27.8 19.8 19.4 19.5 21.3 21.1 Costa Rica a<br />

Cuba a 47.7 38.9 36.9 35.5 34.9 34.3 Cuba a<br />

Dominica a 46.7 56.6 68.1 81.6 87.6 88.9 Dominica a<br />

Ecuador b 69.0 85.1 68.5 67.0 61.0 56.2 Ecuador b<br />

El Salvador a 22.8 21.6 22.8 27.9 31.6 30.3 El Salvador a<br />

Granada a 31.2 32.9 46.2 79.3 78.4 88.3 Grenada a<br />

Guatemala a 14.4 13.7 13.9 13.4 14.0 14.3 Guatemala a<br />

Guyana a 307.4 144.7 143.4 152.4 132.3 128.1 Guyana a<br />

Haití a 33.4 31.9 33.9 37.8 45.6 37.3 Haiti a<br />

Honduras b 107.1 78.2 74.3 74.8 74.0 76.9 Honduras b<br />

Jamaica a ... 42.5 51.2 51.6 51.5 58.0 Jamaica a<br />

México b 57.3 25.6 23.2 21.6 22.0 20.6 Mexico b<br />

Nicaragua a 321.8 168.5 157.8 158.0 159.0 118.3 Nicaragua a<br />

Panamá a 65.2 48.2 53.0 51.7 50.6 54.8 Panama a<br />

Paraguay b 21.6 39.7 41.1 56.3 54.9 43.6 Paraguay b<br />

Perú b 62.2 52.7 50.6 49.3 48.8 45.5 Peru b<br />

República Dominicana b 33.5 18.6 19.3 21.0 36.7 34.6 Dominican Republic b<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis a 23.6 49.1 60.1 74.5 100.7 81.5 Saint Kitts and Nevis a<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas a 43.7 58.9 58.9 71.7 87.7 84.8 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines a<br />

Santa Lucía a 15.8 23.3 25.5 24.9 26.9 28.9 Saint Lucia a<br />

Suriname a ... ... ... 55.3 49.6 48.9 Suriname a<br />

Trinidad y Tabago a 35.2 20.1 18.9 16.3 14.4 12.6 Trinidad and Tobago a<br />

Uruguay b 27.6 44.3 48.1 85.9 98.4 87.7 Uruguay b<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) b 50.1 31.1 28.8 38.2 47.5 40.6 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) b<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe c 36.5 37.0 38.4 42.9 42.9 37.7 Latin America and the Caribbean c<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> d 36.5 37.0 38.5 43.1 43.2 37.8 Latin America d<br />

Caribe e 26.9 30.9 33.1 35.1 34.1 34.7 Caribbean e<br />

ALADI f 35.9 37.2 38.8 43.8 43.5 37.9 LAIA f<br />

Comunidad Andina g 46.8 42.6 41.9 46.1 49.7 43.6 An<strong>de</strong>an Community g<br />

Mercosur h 27.1 42.0 48.3 65.6 60.4 49.8 MERCOSUR h<br />

MCCA i 51.2 34.3 33.1 33.3 34.7 32.4 CACM i<br />

a Public external <strong>de</strong>bt.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the public-and private-sector external <strong>de</strong>bt. Also inclu<strong>de</strong>s International Monetary Fund loans.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia,<br />

Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica,<br />

Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname,<br />

Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

d Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El<br />

Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

e Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent<br />

and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

f Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru and<br />

Uruguay.<br />

g Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.<br />

a Deuda externa pública.<br />

b Incluye la <strong>de</strong>uda externa <strong>de</strong>l sector público y privado. También incluye la <strong>de</strong>uda con <strong>el</strong> Fondo Monetario Internacional.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía, Suriname,<br />

Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

d Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

e Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las<br />

Granadinas, Santa Lucía, Suriname y Trinidad y Tabago.<br />

f Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, México, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a y<br />

Uruguay.<br />

g Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a.<br />

h Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

i Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.<br />

h Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

i Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 289<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.4 FINANCIAMIENTO Y DEUDA EXTERNA / FINANCING AND EXTERNAL DEBT<br />

2.2.4.8 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: EXISTENCIAS DE RESERVAS INTERNACIONALES, 1980-2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: STOCKS OF INTERNATIONAL RESERVES, 1980-2004<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 60.7 64.3 80.8 83.5 107.1 114.6 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 16 260.9 25 458.8 14 744.4 9 993.1 13 326.8 18 745.3 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 182.9 353.9 323.4 362.5 462.3 643.6 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 223.6 478.5 699.3 636.7 694.7 553.3 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 38.4 124.4 113.5 109.1 79.7 46.0 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 1 016.7 1 199.8 1 152.4 835.3 1 006.0 1 205.3 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 52 484.2 33 412.7 36 327.8 36 027.7 46 392.7 50 510.9 Brazil<br />

Chile 15 144.6 15 238.7 14 585.7 14 613.7 14 913.6 15 265.9 Chile<br />

Colombia 8 622.4 9 116.1 10 374.1 10 323.2 10 270.3 12 915.2 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 1 081.1 1 334.4 1 347.6 1 426.0 1 729.3 1 831.0 Costa Rica<br />

Dominica 22.6 29.7 31.6 43.3 44.9 40.4 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 1 817.4 1 194.5 1 077.9 941.2 1 071.5 1 314.7 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 919.4 2 044.1 1 861.3 1 660.5 1 965.5 2 027.1 El Salvador<br />

Granada 75.4 91.3 96.6 116.0 113.3 153.2 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 781.1 1 818.1 2 372.2 2 249.0 2 739.3 3 351.7 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 290.4 309.3 297.1 274.3 263.4 222.0 Guyana<br />

Haití 202.3 193.9 145.6 82.2 63.1 116.4 Haiti<br />

Honduras 275.4 1 335.0 1 439.9 1 458.3 1 354.2 1 889.2 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 694.9 1 066.5 1 924.0 1 566.4 1 124.8 1 762.1 Jamaica<br />

México 15 760.6 35 640.4 45 024.8 47 885.0 55 152.4 60 822.0 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 1 774.0 869.3 749.4 804.3 885.9 1 080.6 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 796.6 731.1 1 104.9 1 125.6 951.0 601.5 Panama<br />

Paraguay 1 022.5 678.7 630.1 503.3 807.2 988.0 Paraguay<br />

Perú 8 925.2 8 885.1 9 188.3 9 347.5 9 726.7 12 203.1 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 380.3 641.0 1 120.0 452.2 245.2 768.1 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 34.2 45.8 57.2 62.6 61.0 74.9 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 32.4 57.7 64.1 52.6 50.3 73.8 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 62.4 78.0 88.3 87.5 98.6 124.3 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 171.6 135.3 192.6 107.5 107.1 131.9 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 386.3 1 420.0 1 948.3 1 950.1 2 329.6 3 048.4 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 1 832.5 2 810.8 3 139.4 735.2 1 964.1 2 397.2 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 10 814.3 16 106.7 12 324.7 11 357.3 19 264.1 22 237.5 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 142 187.1 162 964.1 164 627.2 157 272.6 189 365.5 217 259.2 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 139 911.5 158 709.4 158 710.6 151 820.4 183 828.8 210 270.7 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c 2 275.6 4 254.7 5 916.7 5 452.2 5 536.7 6 988.5 Caribbean c<br />

ALADI d e d e<br />

133 701.3 149 742.5 148 569.5 142 562.4 173 895.3 198 605.2 LAIA<br />

Comunidad Andina f 31 196.0 36 502.3 34 117.4 32 804.4 41 338.6 49 875.9 An<strong>de</strong>an Community f<br />

Mercosur g 71 600.1 62 361.1 54 841.7 47 259.2 62 490.7 72 641.4 MERCOSUR g<br />

MCCA h 4 831.1 7 400.9 7 770.5 7 598.0 8 674.2 10 179.6 CACM h<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil,<br />

Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana,<br />

Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the<br />

Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

d Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru<br />

and Uruguay.<br />

e Information not available for Cuba.<br />

f Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras,<br />

México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía, Suriname y Trinidad y Tabago.<br />

d Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, México, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a<br />

y Uruguay.<br />

e Información no disponible para Cuba.<br />

f Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a.<br />

g Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

h Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.<br />

g Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

h Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua.


290 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.4 FINANCIAMIENTO Y DEUDA EXTERNA / FINANCING AND EXTERNAL DEBT<br />

2.2.4.9 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: RESERVAS INTERNACIONALES, 2002<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: INTERNATIONAL RESERVES (STOCKS), 2002<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

Posición <strong>de</strong> reserva Importaciones <strong>de</strong> Meses <strong>de</strong><br />

País DEG en <strong>el</strong> FMI Divisas Oro bienes y servicios<br />

Total importaciones SDRs IMF reserve Foreign Gold Imports of goods Months of<br />

Country<br />

position exchange and services imports<br />

Antigua y Barbuda - - 83.5 - 510.3 83.5 2.0 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 89.7 - 9 900.6 2.8 13 357.6 9 993.1 9.0 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 0.1 8.1 354.4 - 2 599.3 362.5 1.7 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 0.1 6.3 630.4 - 1 446.3 636.7 5.3 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 1.9 5.5 101.7 - 631.0 109.1 2.1 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 35.4 11.5 505.9 282.5 2 072.1 835.3 4.8 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 261.7 - 35 628.9 137.1 61 749.0 36 027.7 7.0 Brazil<br />

Chile 34.8 467.3 14 109.1 2.5 20 881.2 14 613.7 8.4 Chile<br />

Colombia 146.5 370.1 9 705.2 101.4 15 379.3 10 323.2 8.1 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 0.1 25.9 1 399.4 0.7 7 719.3 1 426.0 2.2 Costa Rica<br />

Dominica - - 43.3 - 156.2 43.3 3.3 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 0.3 22.2 656.6 262.1 7 827.6 941.2 1.4 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1.8 - 1 513.2 145.5 5 907.6 1 660.5 3.4 El Salvador<br />

Granada 32.4 - 83.7 - 273.2 116.0 5.1 Grenada<br />

Guatemala - - 2 181.9 67.1 6 857.1 2 249.0 3.9 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 7.8 - 266.5 - 758.9 274.3 4.3 Guyana<br />

Haití 4.4 0.1 77.3 0.4 1 250.0 82.2 0.8 Haiti<br />

Honduras 0.5 11.2 1 440.0 6.6 3 523.5 1 458.3 5.0 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 0.4 - 1 566.0 - 4 777.1 1 566.4 3.9 Jamaica<br />

México 0.9 293.2 47 521.3 69.7 185 418.6 47 885.0 3.1 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 372.9 - 426.8 4.6 2 171.6 804.3 4.4 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá - 15.4 1 110.2 - 7 659.6 1 125.6 1.8 Panama<br />

Paraguay 1.0 27.8 463.7 10.8 2 492.5 503.3 2.4 Paraguay<br />

Perú 107.8 - 8 894.0 345.6 9 946.4 9 347.5 11.3 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 0.7 - 445.8 5.7 10 151.2 452.2 0.5 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis - 0.1 62.5 - 257.2 62.6 2.9 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 1.9 0.6 50.0 - 214.3 52.6 2.9 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía - - 87.5 - 401.0 87.5 2.6 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 1.8 7.9 91.3 6.4 488.0 107.5 2.6 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 0.4 98.9 1 832.0 18.9 4 055.3 1 950.1 5.8 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 5.4 - 727.2 2.6 2 491.9 735.2 3.5 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 10.9 416.8 7 655.6 3 274.0 17 329.0 11 357.3 7.9 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 1 121.7 1 788.9 149 615.3 4 746.8 400 753.3 157 272.6 4.7 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 1 074.8 1 661.5 144 362.6 4 721.5 384 185.1 151 820.4 4.7 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c 46.9 127.4 5 252.7 25.2 16 568.2 5 452.2 3.9 Caribbean c<br />

ALADI d e d e<br />

694.3 1 609.0 135 768.1 4 491.0 338 945.2 142 562.4 5.0 LAIA<br />

Comunidad Andina f 300.9 820.6 27 417.4 4 265.6 52 554.5 32 804.4 7.5 An<strong>de</strong>an Community f<br />

Mercosur g 357.8 27.8 46 720.3 153.3 80 090.9 47 259.2 7.1 MERCOSUR g<br />

MCCA h 375.3 37.1 6 961.2 224.4 26 179.1 7 598.0 3.5 CACM h<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile,<br />

Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti,<br />

Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,<br />

Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

d Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru<br />

and Uruguay.<br />

e Information not available for Cuba.<br />

f Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.<br />

g Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

h Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras,<br />

México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía, Suriname y Trinidad y Tabago.<br />

d Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, México, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a<br />

y Uruguay.<br />

e Información no disponible para Cuba.<br />

f Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a.<br />

g Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

h Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 291<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.4 FINANCIAMIENTO Y DEUDA EXTERNA / FINANCING AND EXTERNAL DEBT<br />

2.2.4.10 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: RESERVAS INTERNACIONALES, 2003<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: INTERNATIONAL RESERVES (STOCKS), 2003<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

Posición <strong>de</strong> reserva Importaciones <strong>de</strong> Meses <strong>de</strong><br />

País DEG en <strong>el</strong> FMI Divisas Oro bienes y servicios<br />

Total importaciones SDRs IMF reserve Foreign Gold Imports of goods Months of<br />

Country<br />

position exchange and services imports<br />

Antigua y Barbuda - - 107.1 - 535.3 107.1 2.4 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 949.4 0.1 12 374.0 3.3 18 753.2 13 326.8 8.5 Argentina<br />

Bahamas - 8.7 453.6 - 2 708.9 462.3 2.0 Bahamas<br />

Barbados - 7.0 687.6 - 1 584.4 694.7 5.3 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 2.2 5.9 71.6 - 664.9 79.7 1.4 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 37.9 12.4 624.4 331.2 2 048.9 1 006.0 5.9 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 2.2 - 46 228.5 162.0 63 668.3 46 392.7 8.7 Brazil<br />

Chile 43.0 548.8 14 319.0 2.9 23 568.4 14 913.6 7.6 Chile<br />

Colombia 161.1 399.8 9 590.6 118.8 16 598.1 10 270.3 7.4 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 0.1 28.0 1 700.6 0.7 8 482.7 1 729.3 2.4 Costa Rica<br />

Dominica - - 44.9 - 148.5 44.9 3.6 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 0.1 24.0 740.0 307.3 7 910.6 1 071.5 1.6 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 0.9 - 1 794.0 170.6 6 461.6 1 965.5 3.7 El Salvador<br />

Granada 34.9 - 78.3 - 309.4 113.3 4.4 Grenada<br />

Guatemala - - 2 659.3 79.9 7 302.0 2 739.3 4.5 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 7.7 - 255.6 - 777.1 263.4 4.1 Guyana<br />

Haití 4.6 0.1 58.0 0.5 1 417.0 63.1 0.5 Haiti<br />

Honduras 0.3 12.1 1 334.0 7.8 3 838.5 1 354.2 4.2 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 0.1 - 1 124.7 - 4 896.3 1 124.8 2.8 Jamaica<br />

México 0.1 736.5 54 353.9 61.9 187 679.5 55 152.4 3.5 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 408.0 - 472.6 5.4 2 384.7 885.9 4.5 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 0.1 16.6 934.3 - 7 464.1 951.0 1.5 Panama<br />

Paraguay 0.8 30.0 763.6 12.7 2 804.6 807.2 3.5 Paraguay<br />

Perú 118.4 - 9 203.1 405.3 10 804.4 9 726.7 10.8 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 0.4 - 238.2 6.7 8 846.2 245.2 0.3 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis - 0.1 60.9 - 255.8 61.0 2.9 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 2.1 0.7 47.5 - 241.4 50.3 2.5 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía - - 98.5 - 499.4 98.6 2.4 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 1.8 8.6 89.1 7.5 640.2 107.1 2.0 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 1.0 180.9 2 125.4 22.2 4 282.8 2 329.6 6.5 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 3.5 - 1 957.5 3.1 2 734.1 1 964.1 8.6 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 9.8 450.3 14 634.4 4 169.7 14 209.0 19 264.1 16.3 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 1 790.4 2 470.6 179 224.9 5 879.5 414 520.4 189 365.5 5.5 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 1 740.5 2 258.6 173 980.0 5 849.7 396 975.9 183 828.8 5.6 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c 50.0 212.0 5 244.9 29.7 17 544.5 5 536.7 3.8 Caribbean c<br />

ALADI d e d e<br />

1 326.2 2 201.9 164 789.0 5 578.2 350 779.0 173 895.3 5.9 LAIA<br />

Comunidad Andina f 327.3 886.5 34 792.5 5 332.3 51 571.0 41 338.6 9.6 An<strong>de</strong>an Community f<br />

Mercosur g 955.8 30.1 61 323.6 181.1 87 960.1 62 490.7 8.5 MERCOSUR g<br />

MCCA h 409.3 40.0 7 960.5 264.4 28 469.6 8 674.2 3.7 CACM h<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil,<br />

Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana,<br />

Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the<br />

Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

d Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru<br />

and Uruguay.<br />

e Information not available for Cuba.<br />

f Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.<br />

g Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

h Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras,<br />

México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía, Suriname y Trinidad y Tabago.<br />

d Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, México, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a<br />

y Uruguay.<br />

e Información no disponible para Cuba.<br />

f Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a.<br />

g Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

h Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua.


292 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.2 SECTOR EXTERNO / EXTERNAL SECTOR<br />

2.2.4 FINANCIAMIENTO Y DEUDA EXTERNA / FINANCING AND EXTERNAL DEBT<br />

2.2.4.11 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: RESERVAS INTERNACIONALES, 2004<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: INTERNATIONAL RESERVES (STOCKS), 2004<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> dólares / Millions of dollars)<br />

Posición <strong>de</strong> reserva Importaciones <strong>de</strong> Meses <strong>de</strong><br />

País DEG en <strong>el</strong> FMI Divisas Oro bienes y servicios importaciones<br />

SDRs IMF reserve Foreign Gold Imports of goods<br />

Total<br />

Months of<br />

Country<br />

position exchange and services imports<br />

Antigua y Barbuda - - 114.6 ... 569.3 114.6 2.4 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 836.6 0.2 17 184.2 724.3 28 177.4 18 745.3 8.0 Argentina<br />

Bahamas - 9.3 634.3 - 3 031.6 643.6 2.5 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 0.1 7.6 545.7 - 1 779.8 553.3 3.7 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 2.4 6.3 37.3 - 654.2 46.0 0.8 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 39.4 13.2 780.0 372.8 2 319.5 1 205.3 6.2 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 4.0 - 50 324.8 182.2 80 069.2 50 510.9 7.6 Brazil<br />

Chile 50.2 425.4 14 787.0 3.3 29 542.4 15 265.9 6.2 Chile<br />

Colombia 172.7 423.6 12 185.2 133.7 19 929.3 12 915.2 7.8 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 0.1 29.6 1 800.5 0.8 9 140.4 1 831.0 2.4 Costa Rica<br />

Dominica 0.1 - 40.3 - 174.1 40.4 2.8 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 1.5 25.4 941.8 346.0 9 387.5 1 314.7 1.7 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 53.5 - 1 802.1 171.5 7 029.1 2 027.1 3.5 El Salvador<br />

Granada 37.0 - 116.2 - 332.6 153.2 5.5 Grenada<br />

Guatemala - - 3 262.0 89.7 8 482.6 3 351.7 4.7 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 7.6 - 214.4 - 852.3 222.0 3.1 Guyana<br />

Haití 6.8 0.1 108.9 0.5 1 518.8 116.4 0.9 Haiti<br />

Honduras 0.2 12.8 1 867.4 8.8 4 557.0 1 889.2 5.0 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 0.1 - 1 762.0 - 5 271.1 1 762.1 4.0 Jamaica<br />

México 0.1 857.1 59 907.9 57.0 215 371.6 60 822.0 3.4 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 443.5 - 637.2 - 2 851.0 1 080.6 4.5 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 0.5 17.6 583.4 - 8 901.3 601.5 0.8 Panama<br />

Paraguay 0.8 31.8 955.3 - 3 466.9 988.0 3.4 Paraguay<br />

Perú 127.5 - 11 619.4 456.2 12 580.6 12 203.1 11.6 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 0.3 - 760.3 7.5 9 057.5 768.1 1.0 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis - 0.1 74.8 - 258.5 74.9 3.5 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 2.2 0.7 70.8 - 272.2 73.8 3.3 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía - - 124.2 - 537.4 124.3 2.8 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 1.8 9.1 112.6 8.4 863.8 131.9 1.8 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 2.6 164.6 2 856.2 25.0 5 314.6 3 048.4 6.9 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 1.1 - 2 392.6 3.4 3 675.1 2 397.2 7.8 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 8.1 477.1 17 050.2 4 702.1 22 042.0 22 237.5 12.1 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 1 800.8 2 511.6 205 653.5 7 293.3 498 010.6 217 259.2 5.2 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> b 1 746.9 2 313.8 198 950.2 7 259.9 478 099.1 210 270.7 5.3 Latin America b<br />

Caribe c 53.9 197.8 6 703.4 33.4 19 911.5 6 988.5 4.2 Caribbean c<br />

ALADI d e d e<br />

1 242.0 2 253.7 188 128.4 6 981.1 426 561.4 198 605.2 5.6 LAIA<br />

Comunidad Andina f 349.2 939.2 42 576.6 6 010.9 66 258.8 49 875.9 9.0 An<strong>de</strong>an Community f<br />

Mercosur g 842.5 32.1 70 856.9 910.0 115 388.5 72 641.4 7.6 MERCOSUR g<br />

MCCA h 497.3 42.4 9 369.2 270.7 32 060.1 10 179.6 3.8 CACM h<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile,<br />

Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti,<br />

Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,<br />

Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,<br />

El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint<br />

Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

d Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru<br />

and Uruguay.<br />

e Information not available for Cuba.<br />

f Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.<br />

g Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.<br />

h Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,<br />

Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay,<br />

Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas,<br />

Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.<br />

b Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras,<br />

México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana y Uruguay.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente<br />

y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía, Suriname y Trinidad y Tabago.<br />

d Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, México, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a<br />

y Uruguay.<br />

e Información no disponible para Cuba.<br />

f Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a.<br />

g Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.<br />

h Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua.


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2.3 PRECIOS / PRICES<br />

2.3.1 ÍNDICES ANUALES DE PRECIOS AL CONSUMIDOR: NIVEL GENERAL<br />

ANNUAL CONSUMER PRICE INDICES: GENERAL LEVEL<br />

(Año base 1995=100 / Base year 1995=100)<br />

País Cobertura geográfi ca 1994 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Regional coverage Country<br />

Argentina Capital Fe<strong>de</strong>ral y Gran Buenos Aires 96.7 99.5 98.4 123.9 140.5 146.8 Fe<strong>de</strong>ral capital and Greater Buenos Aires Argentina<br />

Bahamas Nassau 97.9 106.3 108.5 110.8 114.1 115.2 Nassau Bahamas<br />

Barbados Barbados 98.2 113.2 116.4 116.6 118.5 120.1 Barbados Barbados<br />

Bolivia La Paz 90.8 135.5 137.6 138.9 143.5 149.9 La Paz Bolivia<br />

Brasil Brasil 60.3 143.4 153.2 166.1 190.6 203.1 Brazil Brazil<br />

Chile Gran Santiago y comunas Greater Santiago and municipalities Chile<br />

<strong>de</strong> Puente Alto y San Bernardo 92.4 128.5 133.1 136.4 140.3 141.7 of Puente Alto and San Bernardo<br />

Colombia Colombia 82.7 205.7 222.1 236.2 253.0 267.9 Colombia Colombia<br />

Costa Rica Ciudad <strong>de</strong> San José 81.2 181.5 201.9 220.4 241.2 270.9 San José City Costa Rica<br />

Ecuador Ecuador 81.3 719.6 909.4 1 022.9 1 104.0 1 134.3 Ecuador Ecuador<br />

El Salvador El Salvador 90.9 120.9 125.5 127.8 130.5 136.3 El Salvador El Salvador<br />

Guatemala Guatemala 92.2 144.2 154.7 167.3 176.7 190.1 Guatemala Guatemala<br />

Haití Puerto Príncipe 79.9 188.3 214.9 236.1 328.9 403.9 Port-au-Prince Haiti<br />

Honduras Tegucigalpa 77.2 209.8 230.1 247.8 266.8 288.4 Tegucigalpa Honduras<br />

Jamaica Jamaica 83.4 163.8 184.6 197.7 218.1 247.7 Jamaica Jamaica<br />

México México 74.0 239.9 255.1 268.0 280.2 293.3 Mexico Mexico<br />

Nicaragua Área Metropolitana <strong>de</strong> Managua 90.1 171.0 183.5 190.9 200.7 217.6 Metropolitan Area of Managua Nicaragua<br />

Panamá Ciudad <strong>de</strong> Panamá 99.0 106.0 106.3 107.5 108.9 110.7 Panamá City Panama<br />

Paraguay Asunción 88.2 152.4 163.5 180.7 206.4 215.3 Asunción Paraguay<br />

Perú Lima Metropolitana 90.0 139.4 142.2 142.4 145.7 151.0 Metropolitan Lima Peru<br />

República Dominicana República Dominicana 88.9 137.4 149.4 157.2 200.4 303.5 Dominican Republic Dominican Republic<br />

Santa Lucía Castries 94.6 111.8 117.7 117.4 118.6 120.4 Castries Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname Paramaribo 29.8 ... ... ... ... ... Paramaribo Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago Trinidad y Tabago 95.0 121.1 127.8 133.1 138.2 143.4 Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay Montevi<strong>de</strong>o 70.3 188.6 196.9 224.4 267.8 292.4 Montevi<strong>de</strong>o Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) Área Metropolitana <strong>de</strong> Caracas 62.5 584.8 658.1 805.7 1 056.2 1 285.8 Metropolitan Area of Caracas Republic of)


294 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.3 PRECIOS / PRICES<br />

2.3.2 ÍNDICES ANUALES DE PRECIOS AL CONSUMIDOR: ALIMENTOS<br />

ANNUAL CONSUMER PRICE INDICES: FOODS<br />

(Año base 1995=100 / Base year 1995=100)<br />

País Cobertura geográfi ca 1994 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Regional coverage Country<br />

Argentina Capital Fe<strong>de</strong>ral y Gran Buenos Aires 97.2 94.3 92.5 124.5 148.4 155.8 Fe<strong>de</strong>ral capital and Greater Buenos Aires Argentina<br />

Bahamas Nassau 98.1 108.0 110.3 112.4 113.0 116.4 Nassau Bahamas<br />

Barbados Barbados 97.2 118.0 124.2 126.4 129.8 135.7 Barbados Barbados<br />

Bolivia La Paz 89.3 125.3 126.0 124.9 129.3 137.0 La Paz Bolivia<br />

Brasil Brasil 64.3 119.2 127.2 139.5 167.9 174.7 Brazil Brazil<br />

Chile Gran Santiago y comunas Greater Santiago and municipalities Chile<br />

<strong>de</strong> Puente Alto y San Bernardo 92.3 119.8 120.8 123.4 126.8 125.1 of Puente Alto and San Bernardo<br />

Colombia Colombia 83.9 190.1 207.3 225.7 243.4 258.3 Colombia Colombia<br />

Costa Rica Ciudad <strong>de</strong> San José 83.0 187.8 207.9 228.8 250.4 284.7 San José City Costa Rica<br />

Ecuador Ecuador 82.6 708.7 933.3 1 009.8 1 034.4 1 046.8 Ecuador Ecuador<br />

El Salvador El Salvador 93.7 118.4 123.2 124.6 126.6 134.5 El Salvador El Salvador<br />

Guatemala Guatemala 91.9 132.8 146.1 161.4 170.7 188.3 Guatemala Guatemala<br />

Haití Puerto Príncipe 80.5 172.6 199.4 220.0 300.7 407.4 Port-au-Prince Haiti<br />

Honduras Tegucigalpa 77.9 195.6 212.6 220.9 228.8 244.3 Tegucigalpa Honduras<br />

Jamaica Jamaica 83.1 149.4 162.2 172.0 188.5 214.0 Jamaica Jamaica<br />

México México 71.9 241.2 254.2 264.4 277.7 296.4 Mexico Mexico<br />

Nicaragua Área Metropolitana <strong>de</strong> Managua 89.3 153.7 167.0 171.9 178.3 196.2 Metropolitan Area of Managua Nicaragua<br />

Panamá Ciudad <strong>de</strong> Panamá 99.4 102.7 101.9 101.4 102.6 103.4 Panamá City Panama<br />

Paraguay Asunción 87.5 137.5 142.8 157.3 191.6 205.9 Asunción Paraguay<br />

Perú Lima Metropolitana 91.5 130.6 131.3 130.9 132.0 139.3 Metropolitan Lima Peru<br />

República Dominicana República Dominicana 87.3 126.8 134.5 140.3 177.5 300.4 Dominican Republic Dominican Republic<br />

Santa Lucía Castries 92.9 ... ... ... ... ... Castries Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname Paramaribo 30.1 ... ... ... ... ... Paramaribo Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago Trinidad y Tabago 85.6 164.1 187.0 206.0 234.4 264.5 Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay Montevi<strong>de</strong>o 70.7 177.0 182.5 207.5 252.3 281.8 Montevi<strong>de</strong>o Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) Área Metropolitana <strong>de</strong> Caracas 62.6 497.3 577.7 740.8 1 020.2 1 365.5 Metropolitan Area of Caracas Republic of)


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 295<br />

2.3 PRECIOS / PRICES<br />

2.3.3 VARIACIONES DEL ÍNDICE DE PRECIOS AL CONSUMIDOR: NIVEL GENERAL<br />

VARIATIONS IN THE CONSUMER PRICE INDEX: GENERAL LEVEL<br />

(Tasas anuales medias / Average annual rates)<br />

País Cobertura geográfi ca 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Regional coverage Country<br />

Argentina Capital Fe<strong>de</strong>ral y Gran Buenos Aires 3.4 - 0.9 - 1.1 25.9 13.4 4.4 Fe<strong>de</strong>ral capital and Greater Buenos Aires Argentina<br />

Bahamas Nassau 2.1 1.6 2.1 2.1 3.0 0.9 Nassau Bahamas<br />

Barbados Barbados 1.9 2.4 2.8 0.2 1.6 1.4 Barbados Barbados<br />

Bolivia La Paz 10.0 4.4 1.6 0.9 3.3 4.4 La Paz Bolivia<br />

Brasil Brasil 66.0 7.6 6.8 8.5 14.7 6.6 Brazil Brazil<br />

Chile Gran Santiago y comunas Greater Santiago and municipalities Chile<br />

<strong>de</strong> Puente Alto y San Bernardo 8.2 3.8 3.6 2.5 2.8 1.1 of Puente Alto and San Bernardo<br />

Colombia Colombia 20.9 9.2 8.0 6.3 7.1 5.9 Colombia Colombia<br />

Costa Rica Ciudad <strong>de</strong> San José 23.2 11.0 11.3 9.2 9.4 12.3 San José City Costa Rica<br />

Ecuador Ecuador 22.9 113.6 26.4 12.5 7.9 2.7 Ecuador Ecuador<br />

El Salvador El Salvador 10.0 2.3 3.8 1.9 2.1 4.4 El Salvador El Salvador<br />

Guatemala Guatemala 8.4 6.0 7.3 8.1 5.6 7.6 Guatemala Guatemala<br />

Haití Puerto Príncipe 25.1 14.1 14.2 9.9 39.3 22.8 Port-au-Prince Haiti<br />

Honduras Tegucigalpa 29.5 11.1 9.7 7.7 7.7 8.1 Tegucigalpa Honduras<br />

Jamaica Jamaica 19.9 2.7 12.7 7.1 10.3 13.6 Jamaica Jamaica<br />

México México 35.1 9.5 6.4 5.0 4.5 4.7 Mexico Mexico<br />

Nicaragua Área Metropolitana <strong>de</strong> Managua 10.9 11.4 7.4 4.0 5.1 8.4 Metropolitan Area of Managua Nicaragua<br />

Panamá Ciudad <strong>de</strong> Panamá 1.0 1.4 0.3 1.1 1.4 1.6 Panamá City Panama<br />

Paraguay Asunción 13.4 9.0 7.3 10.5 14.2 4.3 Asunción Paraguay<br />

Perú Lima Metropolitana 11.1 1.5 2.0 0.2 2.3 3.7 Metropolitan Lima Peru<br />

República Dominicana República Dominicana 12.5 7.8 8.8 5.2 27.5 51.5 Dominican Republic Dominican Republic<br />

Santa Lucía Castries 5.5 1.9 5.3 - 0.3 1.0 1.5 Castries Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname Paramaribo 235.6 ... ... ... ... ... Paramaribo Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago Trinidad y Tabago 5.3 3.6 5.5 4.2 3.8 3.7 Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay Montevi<strong>de</strong>o 42.2 4.8 4.4 14.0 19.4 9.2 Montevi<strong>de</strong>o Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) Área Metropolitana <strong>de</strong> Caracas 59.9 16.2 12.5 22.4 31.1 21.7 Metropolitan Area of Caracas Republic of)


296 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.3 PRECIOS / PRICES<br />

2.3.4 VARIACIONES DEL ÍNDICE DE PRECIOS AL CONSUMIDOR: ALIMENTOS<br />

VARIATIONS IN THE CONSUMER PRICE INDEX: FOODS<br />

(Tasas anuales medias / Average annual rates)<br />

País Cobertura geográfi ca 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Regional coverage Country<br />

Argentina Capital Fe<strong>de</strong>ral y Gran Buenos Aires 2.8 - 2.6 - 1.9 34.6 19.1 5.0 Fe<strong>de</strong>ral capital and Greater Buenos Aires Argentina<br />

Bahamas Nassau 2.0 1.6 2.1 2.0 0.5 2.9 Nassau Bahamas<br />

Barbados Barbados 2.9 2.3 5.3 1.7 2.8 4.5 Barbados Barbados<br />

Bolivia La Paz 12.0 1.6 0.6 - 0.9 3.5 6.0 La Paz Bolivia<br />

Brasil Brasil 55.6 5.1 6.7 9.7 20.4 4.0 Brazil Brazil<br />

Chile Gran Santiago y comunas Greater Santiago and municipalities Chile<br />

<strong>de</strong> Puente Alto y San Bernardo 8.3 1.4 0.8 2.1 2.8 - 1.4 of Puente Alto and San Bernardo<br />

Colombia Colombia 19.2 8.3 9.0 8.9 7.8 6.2 Colombia Colombia<br />

Costa Rica Ciudad <strong>de</strong> San José 20.5 9.7 10.7 10.1 9.4 13.7 San José City Costa Rica<br />

Ecuador Ecuador 19.9 120.8 31.7 8.2 2.4 1.2 Ecuador Ecuador<br />

El Salvador El Salvador 6.7 0.1 4.1 1.1 1.6 6.2 El Salvador El Salvador<br />

Guatemala Guatemala 8.8 4.3 10.0 10.5 5.8 10.3 Guatemala Guatemala<br />

Haití Puerto Príncipe 24.2 9.7 15.5 10.3 36.7 35.5 Port-au-Prince Haiti<br />

Honduras Tegucigalpa 28.3 8.7 8.7 3.9 3.6 6.8 Tegucigalpa Honduras<br />

Jamaica Jamaica 20.3 2.0 8.6 6.1 9.6 13.5 Jamaica Jamaica<br />

México México 39.2 6.3 5.4 4.0 5.0 6.8 Mexico Mexico<br />

Nicaragua Área Metropolitana <strong>de</strong> Managua 12.0 5.0 8.6 2.9 3.7 10.1 Metropolitan Area of Managua Nicaragua<br />

Panamá Ciudad <strong>de</strong> Panamá 0.6 0.7 - 0.7 - 0.5 1.2 0.8 Panamá City Panama<br />

Paraguay Asunción 14.3 8.4 3.9 10.2 21.8 7.5 Asunción Paraguay<br />

Perú Lima Metropolitana 9.3 0.7 0.5 - 0.2 0.8 5.6 Metropolitan Lima Peru<br />

República Dominicana República Dominicana 14.5 0.5 6.0 4.3 26.6 69.2 Dominican Republic Dominican Republic<br />

Santa Lucía Castries 7.7 ... ... ... ... ... Castries Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname Paramaribo 231.7 ... ... ... ... ... Paramaribo Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago Trinidad y Tabago 15.2 8.3 13.9 10.2 13.8 12.8 Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay Montevi<strong>de</strong>o 41.5 5.7 3.1 13.7 21.6 11.7 Montevi<strong>de</strong>o Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) Área Metropolitana <strong>de</strong> Caracas 59.9 11.5 16.2 28.2 37.7 33.8 Metropolitan Area of Caracas Republic of)


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2.3 PRECIOS / PRICES<br />

2.3.5 ÍNDICES ANUALES DE PRECIOS MAYORISTAS<br />

ANNUAL WHOLESALE PRICE INDICES<br />

(Año base 1995=100 / Base year 1995=100)<br />

País 1994 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 92.8 99.0 96.9 171.3 202.0 216.9 Argentina<br />

Brasil 63.5 163.8 184.5 215.2 274.5 303.2 Brazil<br />

Chile 93.0 129.2 139.3 148.8 158.6 162.6 Chile<br />

Colombia 84.6 193.7 211.9 223.1 243.4 256.0 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 80.7 172.2 188.3 203.3 224.8 263.2 Costa Rica<br />

El Salvador 90.5 104.5 105.5 103.4 106.4 113.6 El Salvador<br />

México 70.7 225.6 233.0 243.2 261.4 285.7 Mexico<br />

Panamá 97.1 107.2 103.7 100.6 102.2 106.8 Panama<br />

Perú 90.5 138.0 139.9 138.5 140.8 148.2 Peru<br />

Uruguay 72.6 168.4 179.5 236.7 328.9 377.2 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 63.4 431.2 488.5 655.4 1 003.2 1 295.2 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)


298 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.4 ESTADÍSTICAS SECTORIALES / SECTORAL STATISTICS<br />

2.4.1 AGRICULTURA Y SILVICULTURA / AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY<br />

2.4.1.1 ÍNDICES DEL VOLUMEN FÍSICO DE LA PRODUCCIÓN AGROPECUARIA<br />

VOLUME INDICES OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION<br />

(Año base: promedio anual trienio 1999-2001=100 / Base year: annual average for the period 1999-2001=100)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 100.5 99.7 102.0 103.5 105.9 107.9 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 84.9 99.8 99.6 97.9 103.4 101.7 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 85.9 88.5 92.2 91.7 100.7 104.8 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 96.9 104.9 97.1 93.5 93.9 100.8 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 76.2 103.0 105.7 101.5 102.7 116.7 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 85.5 103.7 101.9 109.1 115.7 110.5 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 85.6 99.4 103.9 111.8 118.5 126.0 Brazil<br />

Chile 92.0 98.9 106.0 104.8 107.8 112.5 Chile<br />

Colombia 97.2 100.7 102.6 104.1 107.4 109.7 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 86.4 100.4 100.4 98.0 103.3 98.0 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 71.1 105.2 104.6 106.6 107.9 109.3 Cuba<br />

Dominica 95.6 102.3 94.9 93.2 90.8 98.3 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 88.7 98.8 103.7 103.0 105.8 105.5 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 88.4 100.3 97.5 98.2 96.5 98.6 El Salvador<br />

Granada 103.2 103.0 91.3 102.4 98.7 98.7 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 86.6 100.3 102.0 102.7 103.1 100.8 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 95.3 102.4 99.1 95.4 106.1 105.3 Guyana<br />

Haití 91.2 103.1 99.2 101.6 103.3 100.5 Haiti<br />

Honduras 93.2 102.1 104.0 109.2 108.5 108.6 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 102.1 95.4 101.8 97.0 97.2 99.4 Jamaica<br />

México 91.1 98.7 103.4 101.9 105.4 107.4 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 74.3 103.9 103.6 109.8 117.6 120.0 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 98.1 100.2 99.5 100.8 100.8 103.3 Panama<br />

Paraguay 95.0 95.8 104.3 98.4 111.9 116.5 Paraguay<br />

Perú 73.2 101.6 103.0 109.0 111.4 109.5 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 99.0 98.8 105.2 109.1 107.6 103.1 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 96.7 99.8 98.9 99.4 99.5 100.0 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 117.9 100.0 102.9 107.0 107.8 103.9 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 137.0 99.5 91.0 101.6 93.6 91.8 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 132.5 95.2 103.4 88.9 95.9 100.6 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 96.2 105.2 104.6 129.6 119.1 117.7 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 91.6 102.6 88.1 93.2 101.1 113.0 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 79.7 100.6 104.7 102.6 95.3 98.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 299<br />

2.4 ESTADÍSTICAS SECTORIALES / SECTORAL STATISTICS<br />

2.4.1 AGRICULTURA Y SILVICULTURA / AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY<br />

2.4.1.2 ÍNDICES DEL VOLUMEN FÍSICO DE LOS CULTIVOS AGRÍCOLAS<br />

VOLUME INDICES OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS<br />

(Año base: promedio anual trienio 1999-2001=100 / Base year: annual average for the period 1999-2001=100)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 93.1 99.9 102.2 105.9 108.7 112.9 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 77.5 98.8 102.3 103.1 110.4 105.6 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 85.2 97.8 101.8 99.5 106.0 111.8 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 95.4 105.0 95.7 89.9 89.7 84.0 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 74.6 104.2 104.5 94.7 94.3 110.5 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 81.9 106.1 103.0 109.5 120.0 119.9 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 88.4 98.5 105.0 111.0 121.2 126.5 Brazil<br />

Chile 94.8 98.6 106.6 106.8 110.9 113.8 Chile<br />

Colombia 100.4 101.5 101.9 103.5 107.7 111.0 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 82.4 100.6 100.7 97.4 104.2 97.2 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 65.3 105.9 106.8 110.8 114.1 112.9 Cuba<br />

Dominica 94.1 102.8 94.2 93.1 90.5 99.0 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 92.9 98.2 99.8 94.6 96.5 96.6 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 97.6 97.0 95.6 90.2 89.9 91.7 El Salvador<br />

Granada 107.8 103.0 93.8 99.7 101.6 101.6 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 85.0 100.4 101.9 102.0 102.6 103.1 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 100.0 103.1 98.8 93.9 100.1 100.1 Guyana<br />

Haití 97.7 102.6 96.5 98.7 100.6 97.0 Haiti<br />

Honduras 98.4 101.8 106.4 112.8 119.6 124.2 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 114.4 94.9 100.1 95.6 95.7 98.8 Jamaica<br />

México 89.7 97.1 104.5 100.4 105.2 106.0 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 84.3 103.7 100.5 107.5 119.4 119.1 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 105.2 100.4 96.7 99.6 105.0 107.9 Panama<br />

Paraguay 96.1 90.7 110.7 106.6 124.7 130.8 Paraguay<br />

Perú 73.0 101.9 102.1 107.9 110.0 106.3 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 103.1 96.4 106.8 112.8 109.7 107.6 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 98.5 98.8 98.8 99.6 99.6 99.6 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 119.3 100.0 103.7 108.7 113.0 108.7 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 124.8 100.8 101.7 103.6 117.6 115.7 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 131.8 94.5 104.2 84.1 93.8 106.6 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 115.6 108.5 90.5 108.8 86.6 80.3 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 87.2 93.7 92.0 89.4 116.5 132.2 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 83.4 102.2 101.6 91.7 95.0 101.3 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)


300 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.4 ESTADÍSTICAS SECTORIALES / SECTORAL STATISTICS<br />

2.4.1 AGRICULTURA Y SILVICULTURA / AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY<br />

2.4.1.3 ÍNDICES DEL VOLUMEN FÍSICO DE LA PRODUCCIÓN PECUARIA<br />

VOLUME INDICES OF LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION<br />

(Año base: promedio anual trienio 1999-2001=100 / Base year: annual average for the period 1999-2001=100)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 104.9 99.6 101.9 102.1 104.3 104.9 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 97.3 101.9 95.0 89.9 91.6 94.4 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 86.7 77.5 80.5 81.9 94.3 95.9 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 98.4 101.2 96.0 93.1 94.4 107.2 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 83.0 94.7 112.6 147.0 152.5 148.7 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 87.6 100.4 100.4 107.7 107.5 108.6 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 84.0 100.2 103.9 110.9 116.0 123.6 Brazil<br />

Chile 86.6 98.8 105.5 104.0 104.4 112.7 Chile<br />

Colombia 94.0 100.1 103.6 105.0 107.3 109.0 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 94.6 99.8 100.5 100.3 102.6 101.3 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 99.2 101.4 96.3 91.9 90.2 96.0 Cuba<br />

Dominica 97.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 82.6 100.4 106.8 111.2 116.3 118.5 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 76.8 105.3 101.0 110.5 105.7 109.2 El Salvador<br />

Granada 104.3 99.3 101.5 106.8 108.2 108.2 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 90.2 100.2 101.6 105.4 104.0 92.6 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 79.3 98.6 101.5 113.1 140.9 141.2 Guyana<br />

Haití 73.0 104.7 107.4 111.0 112.2 111.6 Haiti<br />

Honduras 88.9 100.8 100.0 110.0 107.1 100.2 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 77.7 98.8 103.6 104.7 101.8 102.0 Jamaica<br />

México 87.1 100.4 103.6 105.2 107.6 110.6 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 63.9 104.8 108.1 115.8 120.1 123.9 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 90.0 101.2 101.2 103.4 98.8 101.2 Panama<br />

Paraguay 90.2 102.1 92.4 92.7 96.8 105.1 Paraguay<br />

Perú 74.8 100.4 105.0 111.5 114.7 116.2 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 89.6 101.9 103.5 105.3 106.2 99.5 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 89.6 104.2 99.3 98.5 99.2 102.0 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 100.4 100.0 100.3 100.4 87.2 88.8 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 106.7 99.5 100.2 101.7 102.4 104.2 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 112.3 96.4 100.4 104.5 104.0 105.4 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 82.1 100.8 118.8 144.2 140.3 143.4 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 93.4 105.8 87.1 94.5 95.1 105.3 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 77.1 99.7 107.5 108.2 96.4 96.6 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 301<br />

2.4 ESTADÍSTICAS SECTORIALES / SECTORAL STATISTICS<br />

2.4.1 AGRICULTURA Y SILVICULTURA / AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY<br />

2.4.1.4 ÍNDICES DEL VOLUMEN FÍSICO DE LA PRODUCCIÓN DE ALIMENTOS<br />

VOLUME INDICES OF FOOD PRODUCTION<br />

(Año base: promedio anual trienio 1999-2001=100 / Base year: annual average for the period 1999-2001=100)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 100.5 99.7 102.0 103.5 105.8 107.8 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 83.3 100.0 99.6 98.4 103.9 102.0 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 85.9 88.5 92.2 91.7 100.7 104.8 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 96.9 104.9 97.1 93.5 93.9 100.8 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 76.2 103.0 105.6 101.4 102.6 116.6 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 85.5 104.2 101.3 108.8 115.8 110.4 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 86.8 99.2 103.6 110.9 118.9 124.3 Brazil<br />

Chile 91.8 98.9 106.2 105.0 108.0 112.8 Chile<br />

Colombia 94.5 100.5 102.5 103.7 107.1 109.7 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 85.3 99.8 100.7 98.6 104.9 99.4 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 70.8 105.3 104.8 106.7 108.1 109.6 Cuba<br />

Dominica 95.6 102.3 94.8 93.1 90.6 98.2 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 88.0 98.9 103.3 104.8 107.6 107.2 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 84.5 102.3 99.4 103.0 101.0 104.8 El Salvador<br />

Granada 103.2 103.0 91.3 102.4 98.7 98.7 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 89.2 99.4 103.0 106.4 105.8 104.4 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 95.2 102.4 99.0 95.4 106.1 105.2 Guyana<br />

Haití 90.8 103.0 99.3 101.7 103.4 100.6 Haiti<br />

Honduras 96.6 101.7 102.7 111.3 113.4 111.0 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 102.0 95.3 101.8 97.0 97.2 99.4 Jamaica<br />

México 90.2 98.8 103.6 102.7 106.0 107.8 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 73.6 104.0 105.6 113.2 121.9 123.1 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 98.4 100.5 99.2 100.8 100.8 103.7 Panama<br />

Paraguay 89.2 96.0 103.1 101.4 114.4 115.0 Paraguay<br />

Perú 72.4 101.4 103.3 109.6 112.2 110.2 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 98.1 98.2 105.6 108.6 107.0 102.6 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 96.7 99.8 98.9 99.4 99.5 100.0 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 118.5 100.0 103.0 107.1 107.9 104.0 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 137.0 99.5 91.0 101.6 93.6 91.8 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 132.4 95.2 103.4 88.9 95.9 100.6 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 95.9 105.2 104.6 129.8 118.9 117.5 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 89.3 102.8 87.6 94.4 103.1 115.5 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 79.0 100.7 104.8 102.9 95.6 98.3 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)


302 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.4 ESTADÍSTICAS SECTORIALES / SECTORAL STATISTICS<br />

2.4.1 AGRICULTURA Y SILVICULTURA / AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY<br />

2.4.1.5 ÍNDICES DEL VOLUMEN FÍSICO DE LA PRODUCCIÓN DE ALIMENTOS POR HABITANTE<br />

VOLUME INDICES OF PER CAPITA FOOD PRODUCTION<br />

(Año base: promedio anual trienio 1999-2001=100 / Base year: annual average for the period 1999-2001=100)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 107.5 99.3 101.5 101.6 103.9 105.8 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 88.8 100.0 98.4 96.0 100.2 97.3 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 91.8 88.4 90.9 89.5 97.1 100.0 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 98.5 105.0 96.8 92.9 92.9 99.4 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 86.0 103.1 103.6 97.1 96.3 107.3 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 95.0 104.2 99.4 104.7 109.3 102.3 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 92.9 99.2 102.3 108.2 114.5 118.2 Brazil<br />

Chile 98.3 98.9 104.9 102.4 104.0 107.3 Chile<br />

Colombia 103.3 100.5 100.8 100.4 102.0 102.9 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 96.4 99.8 98.5 94.5 98.7 91.8 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 72.4 105.3 104.5 106.0 107.1 108.4 Cuba<br />

Dominica 99.0 101.9 94.4 92.7 89.0 96.5 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 95.9 98.9 101.7 101.6 102.8 101.0 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 92.6 102.2 97.8 99.7 96.2 98.4 El Salvador<br />

Granada 100.7 103.0 91.3 103.7 99.9 99.9 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 102.1 99.4 100.4 101.0 97.8 94.2 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 97.6 102.4 98.7 94.7 105.3 104.2 Guyana<br />

Haití 97.2 103.0 98.0 99.0 99.4 95.5 Haiti<br />

Honduras 110.6 101.7 100.2 106.0 105.5 100.9 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 106.5 95.3 101.0 95.2 94.6 95.9 Jamaica<br />

México 97.9 98.8 102.0 99.6 101.4 101.6 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 84.4 104.2 103.1 107.8 113.2 111.7 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 108.7 100.5 97.3 97.0 95.3 96.3 Panama<br />

Paraguay 101.0 96.0 100.7 96.6 106.5 104.5 Paraguay<br />

Perú 78.9 101.4 101.7 106.3 107.2 103.7 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 106.7 98.2 104.0 105.4 102.2 96.7 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 93.0 100.6 99.7 100.1 100.3 100.8 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 122.4 99.8 102.7 105.9 105.8 101.1 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 142.8 99.4 90.4 100.2 91.6 89.4 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 137.7 95.3 102.5 87.5 93.6 97.5 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 98.1 105.2 104.2 128.9 117.6 115.9 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 92.6 102.8 86.9 93.0 100.8 112.1 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 87.7 100.8 102.8 99.1 90.4 91.2 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 303<br />

2.4 ESTADÍSTICAS SECTORIALES / SECTORAL STATISTICS<br />

2.4.2 MINERÍA Y MANUFACTURA / MINING AND MANUFACTURING<br />

2.4.2.1 ÍNDICES DEL VOLUMEN FÍSICO DE LA PRODUCCIÓN MINERA a<br />

VOLUME INDICES OF MINING PRODUCTION a<br />

(Año base 1995=100 / Base year 1995=100)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 100 114.0 117.0 119.3 123.2 ... Argentina<br />

Bolivia 100 89.9 86.9 88.9 89.2 83.7 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 100 143.2 148.2 149.9 152.2 ... Brazil<br />

Chile 100 175.2 183.8 170.2 181.3 197.7 Chile<br />

Colombia 100 121.8 123.9 133.2 141.1 ... Colombia<br />

Cuba 100 174.3 ... ... ... ... Cuba<br />

Ecuador 100 102.9 104.4 ... ... ... Ecuador<br />

Guyana 100 137.9 ... ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Honduras 100 157.1 ... 123.9 117.6 ... Honduras<br />

Jamaica 100 102.5 ... ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 100 116.4 118.5 121.9 126.8 121.6 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 100 246.8 ... ... ... ... Nicaragua<br />

Perú 100 140.9 156.7 147.9 157.9 166.5 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 100 89.3 ... ... ... ... Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname 100 100.4 ... ... ... ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 100 90.9 ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 100 107.1 ... ... ... ... Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe b 100 125.6 ... ... ... ... Latin America and the Caribbean b<br />

a Including petroleum.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Incluido <strong>el</strong> petróleo.<br />

b Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.<br />

2.4.2.2 PRODUCCIÓN DE CEMENTO<br />

CEMENT PRODUCTION<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> ton<strong>el</strong>adas / Thousands of tons)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina a 5 477.2 6 121.3 5 545.2 3 910.1 5 217.3 6 254.0 Argentina a<br />

Barbados 72.0 264.0 ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

Bolivia 869.0 1 007.9 902.5 1 010.4 1 138.1 ... Bolivia<br />

Brasil b 28 256.0 39 559.0 38 735.0 38 699.0 34 010.0 34 413.0 Brazil b<br />

Chile 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.8 Chile<br />

Colombia 9 229.3 7 128.0 6 830.4 6 974.7 7 277.8 ... Colombia<br />

Costa Rica ... ... ... ... ... ... Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 1 456.4 1 632.7 1 324.1 1 326.9 1 345.5 1 401.3 Cuba<br />

Ecuador ... ... ... ... ... ... Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 913.7 ... ... ... ... ... El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 1 233.7 ... ... ... ... ... Guatemala<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras 995.1 12 540.5 13 174.6 12 241.7 12 676.5 13 897.5 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 523.5 522.0 596.2 621.8 607.7 807.9 Jamaica<br />

México 25 296.0 33 429.0 33 983.7 34 183.1 32 700.0 ... Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 318.5 531.1 549.8 507.4 533.0 521.0 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 658.4 849.2 698.4 747.8 888.9 1 042.2 Panama<br />

Paraguay 624.5 ... ... ... ... ... Paraguay<br />

Perú 3 792.0 3 657.6 3 588.8 4 115.2 4 202.7 4 601.5 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 1 449.9 2 505.5 2 746.0 3 050.4 2 906.7 2 636.3 Dominican Republic<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 558.5 742.7 696.8 743.7 765.6 768.5 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 621.9 756.0 723.0 755.0 798.0 ... Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 7 672.0 7 526.5 7 329.4 6 126.3 7 398.0 ... Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe c 90 020.8 118 776.4 117 427.4 115 017.0 112 469.4 66 346.9 Latin America and the Caribbean c<br />

a Including Portland cement (white and natural).<br />

b Including Portland cement (white, blast furnace and hydraulic).<br />

c Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Incluye cemento Portland (blanco y natural).<br />

b Incluye cemento Portland (blanco, alto horno y puzolánico).<br />

c Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


304 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.4 ESTADÍSTICAS SECTORIALES / SECTORAL STATISTICS<br />

2.4.2 MINERÍA Y MANUFACTURA / MINING AND MANUFACTURING<br />

2.4.2.3 PRODUCCIÓN DE GASOLINA<br />

GASOLINE PRODUCTION<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> m 3 / Thousands of m 3 )<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina a 7 275.4 7 245.4 7 159.6 6 586.9 6 254.9 5 964.0 Argentina a<br />

Bolivia 545.8 612.6 546.8 548.4 548.5 614.8 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 15 007.0 18 576.4 19 306.8 18 768.9 17 654.9 17 577.8 Brazil<br />

Chile b 2 533.0 2 972.0 2 787.0 2 890.0 3 103.0 3 265.3 Chile b<br />

Colombia 5 537.4 6 592.7 6 884.0 6 900.0 7 125.0 ... Colombia<br />

Cuba 342.1 430.9 ... ... ... ... Cuba<br />

Ecuador c 2 130.2 ... ... ... ... ... Ecuador c<br />

Jamaica 127.3 184.0 181.0 271.2 130.2 109.1 Jamaica<br />

México 24 419.2 27 061.3 22 647.6 23 108.7 25 835.9 27 049.3 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 138.9 133.7 143.9 138.7 136.7 140.9 Nicaragua<br />

Perú 1 557.0 1 478.5 1 388.4 ... ... ... Peru<br />

Trinidad y Tabago d 1 240.2 1 847.0 1 649.7 1 649.4 1 681.1 1 567.5 Trinidad and Tobago d<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) e 20 515.0 ... ... ... ... ... Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) e<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe f 81 368.5 67 134.5 62 694.8 60 862.2 62 470.3 56 288.7 Latin America and the Caribbean f<br />

a Naphtha.<br />

a Motonafta.<br />

b Excluding internal consumption by the National Petroleum Company (ENAP).<br />

c Inclu<strong>de</strong>s 63- and 80- octane gasoline.<br />

d Including aviation gasoline.<br />

e Including naphtha.<br />

f Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

b Excluye <strong>el</strong> consumo interno <strong>de</strong> la Empresa Nacional <strong>de</strong> Petróleo (ENAP).<br />

c Compren<strong>de</strong> gasolina <strong>de</strong> 63 y 80 octanos.<br />

d Incluye gasolina <strong>de</strong> aviación.<br />

e Incluye motonafta.<br />

f Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.<br />

2.4.2.4 PRODUCCIÓN DE AUTOMOTORES PARA PASAJEROS<br />

PASSENGER MOTOR VEHICLE PRODUCTION<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> unida<strong>de</strong>s / Thousands of units)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

c d<br />

Argentina a b a b<br />

226.7 238.7 169.6 111.3 109.4 171.4 Argentina<br />

Brasil b c b c<br />

1 536.4 1 596.9 1 716.5 1 701.5 1 958.0 ... Brazil<br />

Chile c d c d<br />

5.1 1.7 ... ... ... ... Chile<br />

Colombia c 66.3 38.4 ... 50.1 46.1 ... Colombia c<br />

México c d c d<br />

704.6 1 279.1 1 209.0 1 142.9 913.3 903.3 Mexico<br />

Perú d - ... ... ... ... ... Peru d<br />

Trinidad y Tabago d - ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago d<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) c d 45.1 ... ... ... ... ... Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe e 2 584.2 3 154.7 3 095.1 2 955.7 3 026.8 1 074.7 Latin America and the Caribbean e<br />

a Passenger cars, station wagons and jeeps.<br />

b Including assembly of motor vehicles.<br />

c Motor vehicles with a seating capacity of less than nine.<br />

d Assembly of motor vehicles.<br />

e Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a De turismo, rurales y jeeps.<br />

b Incluye montaje <strong>de</strong> vehículos automotores.<br />

c Vehículos automotores con capacidad inferior a nueve personas sentadas.<br />

d Montaje <strong>de</strong> vehículos automotores.<br />

e Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


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2.4 ESTADÍSTICAS SECTORIALES / SECTORAL STATISTICS<br />

2.4.2 MINERÍA Y MANUFACTURA / MINING AND MANUFACTURING<br />

2.4.2.5 PRODUCCIÓN DE AUTOMOTORES COMERCIALES<br />

COMMERCIAL VEHICLE PRODUCTION<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> unida<strong>de</strong>s / Thousands of units)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

c d<br />

Argentina a 10.9 14.6 8.5 6.3 9.0 16.1 Argentina a<br />

Brasil a b a b<br />

92.6 94.4 100.7 91.2 103.2 ... Brazil<br />

Chile c d c d<br />

16.5 19.2 - ... ... ... Chile<br />

Colombia c d c d<br />

13.5 11.5 11.0 9.4 11.2 ... Colombia<br />

Cuba - - - - - - Cuba<br />

México a 210.8 648.2 637.8 675.2 664.2 658.9 Mexico a<br />

Perú c d c d<br />

1.7 - - - - - Peru<br />

Trinidad y Tabago c d c d<br />

- - - - - - Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) c d 31.9 - - - - - Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe e 377.9 787.8 758.0 772.7 787.6 674.9 Latin America and the Caribbean e<br />

a a Fabricación y montaje.<br />

Manufacture and assembly.<br />

b b Incluye furgones, camionetas, camiones y chasis para camiones, colectivos, omnibuses y otros tipos<br />

Including vans, pick-up trucks, trucks and chassis for trucks, collective taxis,<br />

(coches, ambulancias, remolques, etc.). buses and other types (cars, ambulances, trailers, etc.).<br />

c c Incluye montaje <strong>de</strong> vehículos automotores.<br />

Including assembly of motor vehicles.<br />

d d Incluye camiones pesados, medianos y livianos, omnibuses y camionetas <strong>de</strong> carga.<br />

Including heavy, medium and light trucks, buses and pick-up trucks.<br />

e e Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.<br />

Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a b<br />

2.4.2.6 PRODUCCIÓN DE FERTILIZANTES<br />

a b<br />

FERTILIZER PRODUCTION<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> ton<strong>el</strong>adas / Thousands of tons)<br />

País 1995 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 Country<br />

Argentina 58.0 98.6 119.6 147.0 433.0 524.0 Argentina<br />

Brasil 2 284.4 2 423.5 2 553.2 2 621.5 2 460.0 2 609.0 Brazil<br />

Chile 168.1 412.0 457.0 520.5 505.0 524.0 Chile<br />

Colombia 102.0 102.3 84.8 315.5 92.0 22.0 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 44.0 32.0 52.6 13.4 0.5 - Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 55.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 30.0 Cuba<br />

México 1 737.0 1 669.6 1 464.2 1 137.8 933.0 478.0 Mexico<br />

Perú 17.0 6.0 3.7 3.3 3.0 3.0 Peru<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 263.1 240.7 276.0 275.3 237.0 310.0 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 5.0 9.3 9.5 15.0 12.0 12.0 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 529.0 474.3 450.1 342.9 524.7 576.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe c 5 262.6 5 518.3 5 520.7 5 442.2 5 250.2 5 088.0 Latin America and the Caribbean c<br />

a Data refer to the period between July of the year shown and June of the following year.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s nitrogenous, phosphate and potassiun fertilizers.<br />

c Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Los datos se refi eren al período comprendido entre julio <strong>de</strong>l año indicado y junio <strong>de</strong>l año siguiente.<br />

b Incluye fertilizantes nitrogenados, fosfatados y potásicos.<br />

c Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


306 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2.4 ESTADÍSTICAS SECTORIALES / SECTORAL STATISTICS<br />

2.4.2 MINERÍA Y MANUFACTURA / MINING AND MANUFACTURING<br />

2.4.2.7 PRODUCCIÓN DE ACERO<br />

STEEL PRODUCTION<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> ton<strong>el</strong>adas / Thousands of tons)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 3 580.8 4 474.0 4 107.0 4 356.0 5 044.0 5 133.0 Argentina<br />

Brasil 25 076.0 27 865.0 26 717.0 29 604.0 31 147.0 32 909.0 Brazil<br />

Chile 1 014.1 1 352.0 1 247.0 1 279.0 1 377.0 1 579.0 Chile<br />

Colombia 713.6 660.0 638.3 664.0 668.4 730.0 Colombia<br />

Cuba 207.3 336.4 270.1 268.0 210.2 192.0 Cuba<br />

México 12 147.4 15 631.0 13 300.0 14 010.0 15 159.0 16 730.0 Mexico<br />

Paraguay 94.9 76.8 70.6 80.1 91.3 107.0 Paraguay<br />

Perú 511.8 750.7 689.8 611.4 669.0 726.0 Peru<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 738.4 741.5 668.0 817.0 903.0 815.0 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 39.9 38.1 30.9 34.2 40.0 58.0 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 3 567.5 3 834.6 3 812.7 4 163.9 3 930.3 4 561.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 47 691.8 55 760.0 51 551.4 55 887.6 59 239.2 63 540.0 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.<br />

2.4.2.8 PRODUCCIÓN DE LAMINADOS PLANOS a<br />

FLAT ROLLED PRODUCT PRODUCTION a<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> ton<strong>el</strong>adas / Thousands of tons)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 1 987.2 2 139.3 1 977.4 2 010.9 2 450.9 2 281.6 Argentina<br />

Brasil 10 625.0 11 213.0 10 648.0 11 407.8 12 980.0 14 347.0 Brazil<br />

Chile 334.6 370.5 370.6 408.9 490.2 505.7 Chile<br />

Colombia 42.0 164.9 321.8 301.5 268.5 397.9 Colombia<br />

México 3 724.3 5 488.7 5 031.8 5 329.6 7 126.6 7 715.4 Mexico<br />

Perú 91.2 74.1 59.7 36.1 33.6 50.1 Peru<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 1 438.3 1 807.1 1 688.9 2 097.0 1 904.2 2 174.2 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe b 18 242.5 21 257.5 20 098.2 21 591.8 25 254.0 27 471.8 Latin America and the Caribbean b<br />

a Including plates and sheets, and tinplate.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Compren<strong>de</strong> planchas y láminas y hojalata.<br />

b Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 307<br />

2.4 ESTADÍSTICAS SECTORIALES / SECTORAL STATISTICS<br />

2.4.2 MINERÍA Y MANUFACTURA / MINING AND MANUFACTURING<br />

2.4.2.9 PRODUCCIÓN DE LAMINADOS NO PLANOS a<br />

NON-FLAT ROLLED PRODUCT PRODUCTION a<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> ton<strong>el</strong>adas / Thousands of tons)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 1 151.2 1 147.7 1 044.2 987.0 1 301.8 1 492.4 Argentina<br />

Brasil 5 163.0 6 576.0 6 963.0 7 182.1 7 399.0 8 419.0 Brazil<br />

Chile 432.6 557.1 607.0 623.8 674.3 846.6 Chile<br />

Colombia 650.0 529.4 490.1 460.1 485.4 724.2 Colombia<br />

Ecuador 250.2 249.8 254.9 260.7 258.0 278.7 Ecuador<br />

México 4 607.4 5 660.6 5 481.7 5 668.9 6 217.9 6 356.7 Mexico<br />

Perú 301.5 505.9 528.9 506.0 557.7 583.9 Peru<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 610.9 700.6 604.7 703.9 658.7 660.0 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 36.6 34.3 28.8 32.0 37.4 46.8 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 1 115.9 1 051.0 1 108.1 1 014.0 1 029.0 1 162.2 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe b 14 319.2 17 012.5 17 111.3 17 438.5 18 619.2 20 570.4 Latin America and the Caribbean b<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s bars and light sections, wire rod, rails and heavy sections.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Compren<strong>de</strong> barras y perfi les livianos, alambrón, ri<strong>el</strong>es y perfi les pesados.<br />

b Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


308 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 309<br />

<br />

Estadísticas <strong>de</strong> recursos naturales<br />

y <strong>de</strong>l medio ambiente<br />

Statistics on natural resources<br />

and the environment


310 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 311<br />

3.1 BOSQUE / FOREST<br />

3.1.1 SUPERFICIE DE BOSQUE Y PROPORCIÓN DE LA SUPERFICIE CUBIERTA POR BOSQUES<br />

FOREST AREA AND PROPORTION OF LAND AREA COVERED BY FOREST<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> hectáreas, porcentaje y tasa <strong>de</strong> variación / Thousands of hectares, percentage and rate of variation)<br />

Proporción <strong>de</strong> la superfi cie Variación acumulada <strong>de</strong> Variación media anual <strong>de</strong><br />

Superfi cie <strong>de</strong> bosque cubierta por bosques la superfi cie <strong>de</strong> bosque la superfi cie <strong>de</strong> bosque<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> hectáreas) (Porcentaje) (Tasa <strong>de</strong> variación) (Tasa <strong>de</strong> variación)<br />

Forest area Proportion of land area Accumulated variation Average annual variation<br />

País (Thousands of hectares) covered by forest in forest area in forest area Country<br />

(Percentage) (Rate of variation) (Rate of variation)<br />

1990- 2000- 1990- 1990- 2000- 1990-<br />

1990 2000 2005 1990 2000 2005 2000 2005 2005 2000 2005 2005<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 9 9 9 20.5 20.5 20.5 – – – – – – Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 35 262 33 770 33 021 12.9 12.3 12.1 -4.2 -2.2 -6.4 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 515 515 515 51.4 51.4 51.4 – – – – – – Bahamas<br />

Barbados 2 2 2 4.7 4.7 4.7 – – – – – – Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 1 653 1 653 1 653 72.5 72.5 72.5 – – – – – – B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 62 795 60 091 58 740 57.9 55.4 54.2 -4.3 -2.2 -6.5 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 520 027 493 213 477 698 61.5 58.3 56.5 -5.2 -3.1 -8.1 -0.5 -0.6 -0.5 Brazil<br />

Chile 15 263 15 834 16 121 20.4 21.1 21.5 3.7 1.8 5.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 Chile<br />

Colombia 61 439 60 963 60 728 59.1 58.7 58.5 -0.8 -0.4 -1.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 2 564 2 376 2 391 50.2 46.5 46.8 -7.3 0.6 -6.7 -0.7 0.1 -0.4 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 2 058 2 435 2 713 18.7 22.2 24.7 18.3 11.4 31.8 1.8 2.3 2.1 Cuba<br />

Dominica 50 47 46 66.7 62.7 61.3 -6.0 -2.1 -8.0 -0.6 -0.4 -0.5 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 13 817 11 841 10 853 49.9 42.8 39.2 -14.3 -8.3 -21.5 -1.4 -1.7 -1.4 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 375 324 298 18.1 15.6 14.4 -13.6 -8.0 -20.5 -1.4 -1.6 -1.4 El Salvador<br />

Granada 4 4 4 11.8 11.8 11.8 – – – – – – Grenada<br />

Guatemala 4 748 4 208 3 938 43.8 38.8 36.3 -11.4 -6.4 -17.1 -1.1 -1.3 -1.1 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 15 104 15 104 15 104 76.7 76.7 76.7 – – – – – – Guyana<br />

Haití 116 109 105 4.2 4 3.8 -6.0 -3.7 -9.5 -0.6 -0.7 -0.6 Haiti<br />

Honduras 7 385 5 430 4 648 66 48.5 41.5 -26.5 -14.4 -37.1 -2.6 -2.9 -2.5 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 345 341 339 31.9 31.5 31.3 -1.2 -0.6 -1.7 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 Jamaica<br />

México 69 016 65 540 64 238 36.2 34.3 33.7 -5.0 -2.0 -6.9 -0.5 -0.4 -0.5 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 6 538 5 539 5 189 53.9 45.6 42.7 -15.3 -6.3 -20.6 -1.5 -1.3 -1.4 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 4 376 4 307 4 294 58.8 57.9 57.7 -1.6 -0.3 -1.9 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 Panama<br />

Paraguay 21 157 19 368 18 475 53.3 48.7 46.5 -8.5 -4.6 -12.7 -0.8 -0.9 -0.8 Paraguay<br />

Perú 70 156 69 213 68 742 54.8 54.1 53.7 -1.3 -0.7 -2.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 1 376 1 376 1 376 28.4 28.4 28.4 – – – – – – Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 5 5 5 13.9 13.9 13.9 – – – – – – Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 9 10 11 23.1 25.6 28.2 11.1 10.0 22.2 1.1 2.0 1.5 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 17 17 17 27.9 27.9 27.9 – – – – – – Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 14 776 14 776 14 776 94.7 94.7 94.7 – – – – – – Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 235 228 226 45.8 44.4 44.1 -3.0 -0.9 -3.8 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 1 123 1 409 1 506 6.4 8.1 8.6 25.5 6.9 34.1 2.5 1.4 2.3 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 52 026 49 151 47 713 59 55.7 54.1 -5.5 -2.9 -8.3 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 984 341 939 208 915 494 49.1 46.8 45.6 -4.6 -2.5 -7.0 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia,<br />

Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana,<br />

Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Dominican Republic, Saint Kitts<br />

and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,<br />

Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts<br />

y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.


312 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

3.1 BOSQUE / FOREST<br />

3.1.2 SUPERFICIE DE BOSQUE NATURAL, PROPORCIÓN DE LA SUPERFICIE TOTAL Y DE LA SUPERFICIE DE BOSQUE<br />

NATURAL FOREST AREA, PROPORTION OF TOTAL AREA AND PROPORTION OF FORESTED AREA<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> hectáreas, porcentaje y tasa <strong>de</strong> variación / Thousands of hectares, percentage and rate of variation)<br />

Superficie <strong>de</strong> Proporción sobre Proporción <strong>de</strong> la Variación acumulada <strong>de</strong> la Variación media anual <strong>de</strong> la<br />

bosque natural superficie total superficie <strong>de</strong> bosque superficie <strong>de</strong> bosque natural superficie <strong>de</strong> bosque natural<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> hectáreas) (Porcentaje) (Porcentaje) (Tasa <strong>de</strong> variación) (Tasa <strong>de</strong> variación)<br />

Natural forest Proportion of Proportion of Accumulated variation in Average annual variation<br />

País area total area forest area natural forest area in natural forest area Country<br />

(Thousands of hectares) (Percentage) (Percentage) (Rate of variation) (Rate of variation)<br />

1990- 2000- 1990- 1990- 2000- 1990-<br />

1990 2000 2005 1990 2000 2005 1990 2000 2005 2000 2005 2005 2000 2005 2005<br />

Argentina 34 493 32 692 31 792 12.6 11.9 11.6 97.8 96.8 96.3 -5.2 -2.8 -7.8 -0.5 -0.6 -0.5 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 515 515 515 51.4 51.4 51.4 100.0 100.0 100.0 – – – – – – Bahamas<br />

Bolivia 62 775 60 071 58 720 57.9 55.4 54.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 -4.3 -2.2 -6.5 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 514 957 487 934 472 314 60.9 57.7 55.9 99.0 98.9 98.9 -5.2 -3.2 -8.3 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 Brazil<br />

Chile 13 522 13 480 13 460 18.1 18.0 18.0 88.6 85.1 83.5 -0.3 -0.1 -0.5 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 Chile<br />

Colombia 61 303 60 709 60 400 59.0 58.4 58.1 99.8 99.6 99.5 -1.0 -0.5 -1.5 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica … 2 373 2 387 … 46.5 46.7 … 99.9 99.8 … 0.6 … … 0.1 … Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 1 711 2 093 2 319 15.6 19.1 21.1 83.1 86.0 85.5 22.3 10.8 35.5 2.2 2.2 2.4 Cuba<br />

Dominica … 47 46 … 62.7 61.3 … 100.0 100.0 … -2.1 … … -0.4 … Dominica<br />

Ecuador … 11 679 10 689 … 42.2 38.6 … 98.6 98.5 … -8.5 … … -1.7 … Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 369 318 292 17.8 15.3 14.1 98.4 98.1 98.0 -13.8 -8.2 -20.9 -1.4 -1.6 -1.4 El Salvador<br />

Granada 4 4 4 11.8 11.8 11.8 100.0 100.0 100.0 – – – – – – Grenada<br />

Guatemala 4 716 4 120 3 816 43.5 38.0 35.2 99.3 97.9 96.9 -12.6 -7.4 -19.1 -1.3 -1.5 -1.3 Guatemala<br />

Haití 104 89 81 3.8 3.2 2.9 89.7 81.7 77.1 -14.4 -9.0 -22.1 -1.4 -1.8 -1.5 Haiti<br />

Honduras 7 354 5 404 4 618 65.7 48.3 41.3 99.6 99.5 99.4 -26.5 -14.5 -37.2 -2.7 -2.9 -2.5 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 330 327 325 30.5 30.2 30.0 95.7 95.9 95.9 -0.9 -0.6 -1.5 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 Jamaica<br />

México … 64 482 63 180 36.2 33.8 33.1 100.0 98.4 98.4 … -2.0 … … -0.4 … Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 6 534 5 493 5 138 53.8 45.2 42.3 99.9 99.2 99.0 -15.9 -6.5 -21.4 -1.6 -1.3 -1.4 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 4 366 4 265 4 233 58.7 57.3 56.9 99.8 99.0 98.6 -2.3 -0.8 -3.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 Panama<br />

Paraguay 21 134 19 332 18 432 53.2 48.7 46.4 99.9 99.8 99.8 -8.5 -4.7 -12.8 -0.9 -0.9 -0.9 Paraguay<br />

Perú 69 893 68 498 67 988 54.6 53.5 53.1 99.6 99.0 98.9 -2.0 -0.7 -2.7 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 Peru<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 9 10 11 23.1 25.6 28.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 11.1 10.0 22.2 1.1 2.0 1.5 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Suriname 14 769 14 769 14 769 94.7 94.7 94.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 – – – – – – Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 220 213 211 42.9 41.5 41.1 93.6 93.4 93.4 -3.2 -0.9 -4.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 704 740 740 4.0 4.2 4.2 62.7 52.5 49.1 5.1 – 5.1 0.5 – 0.3 Uruguay<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 819 782 859 657 836 480 40.9 42.8 41.7 83.3 91.5 91.4 4.9 -2.7 2.0 0.5 -0.5 0.1 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 313<br />

3.1 BOSQUE / FOREST<br />

3.1.3 SUPERFICIE DE PLANTACIONES FORESTALES Y PROPORCIÓN DE LA SUPERFICIE DE BOSQUE<br />

FOREST PLANTATIONS AREA AND PROPORTION OF THE FORESTED AREA<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> hectáreas, porcentaje y tasa <strong>de</strong> variación / Thousands of hectares, percentage and rate of variation)<br />

Superfi cie <strong>de</strong> plantaciones Proporción <strong>de</strong> la Variación acumulada Variación media anual <strong>de</strong><br />

forestales superfi cie <strong>de</strong> bosque <strong>de</strong> la superfi cie <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> la superfi cie <strong>de</strong><br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> hectáreas) (Porcentaje) plantaciones forestales plantaciones forestales<br />

(Tasa <strong>de</strong> variación) (Tasa <strong>de</strong> variación)<br />

Forest plantations area Proportion of forest area Accumulated variation Average annual variation<br />

País (Thousands of hectares) (Percentage) of planted forest area in forest area Country<br />

(Rate of variation) (Rate of variation)<br />

1990- 2000- 1990- 1990- 2000- 1990-<br />

1990 2000 2005 1990 2000 2005 2000 2005 2005 2000 2005 2005<br />

Argentina 769 1 078 1 229 2.2 3.2 3.7 40.2 14.0 59.8 4.0 2.8 4.0 Argentina<br />

Bahamas – – – – – – – – – – – – Bahamas<br />

Bolivia 20 20 20 – – – – – – – – – Bolivia<br />

Brasil 5 070 5 279 5 384 1.0 1.1 1.1 4.1 2.0 6.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 Brazil<br />

Chile 1 741 2 354 2 661 11.4 14.9 16.5 35.2 13.0 52.8 3.5 2.6 3.5 Chile<br />

Colombia 136 254 328 0.2 0.4 0.5 86.8 29.1 141.2 8.7 5.8 9.4 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica … 3 4 … 0.1 0.2 … 33.3 … … 6.7 … Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 347 342 394 16.9 14.0 14.5 -1.4 15.2 13.5 -0.1 3.0 0.9 Cuba<br />

Dominica … – – … 0.2 0.2 … … … … … … Dominica<br />

Ecuador … 162 164 … 1.4 1.5 … 1.2 … … 0.2 … Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 6 6 6 1.6 1.9 2.0 – – – – – – El Salvador<br />

Granada – – – 5.2 5.2 5.2 … … … … … … Grenada<br />

Guatemala 32 88 122 0.7 2.1 3.1 175.0 38.6 281.3 17.5 7.7 18.8 Guatemala<br />

Haití 12 20 24 10.3 18.3 22.9 66.7 20.0 100.0 6.7 4.0 6.7 Haiti<br />

Honduras 31 26 30 0.4 0.5 0.6 -16.1 15.4 -3.2 -1.6 3.1 -0.2 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 15 14 14 4.3 4.2 4.3 -6.7 – -6.7 -0.7 – -0.4 Jamaica<br />

México … 1 058 1 058 … 1.6 1.6 … – … … – … Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 4 46 51 0.1 0.8 1.0 1 050.0 10.9 1 175.0 105.0 2.2 78.3 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 10 42 61 0.2 1.0 1.4 320.0 45.2 510.0 32.0 9.0 34.0 Panama<br />

Paraguay 23 36 43 0.1 0.2 0.2 56.5 19.4 87.0 5.7 3.9 5.8 Paraguay<br />

Perú 263 715 754 0.4 1.0 1.1 171.9 5.5 186.7 17.2 1.1 12.4 Peru<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas – – – 1.3 2.4 3.0 … … … … … … Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Suriname 7 7 7 – – – – – – – – – Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 15 15 15 6.4 6.6 6.6 – – – – – – Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 419 669 766 37.3 47.5 50.9 59.7 14.5 82.8 6.0 2.9 5.5 Uruguay<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 8 920 12 234 13 135 0.9 1.3 1.4 37.2 7.4 47.3 3.7 1.5 3.2 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


314 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

3.2 USO DE LA TIERRA / LAND USE<br />

3.2.1 SUPERFICIE TOTAL Y SUPERFICIE TERRESTRE, 2002<br />

TOTAL AREA AND LAND AREA, 2002<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> hectáreas / Thousands of hectares)<br />

País Superfi cie total / Total area Superfi cie terrestre a / Land area a Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 44 44 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 278 040 273 669 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 1 388 1 001 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 43 43 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 2 296 2 280 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 109 858 108 438 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 851 488 845 942 Brazil<br />

Chile 75 663 74 880 Chile<br />

Colombia 113 891 103 870 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 5 110 5 106 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 11 086 10 982 Cuba<br />

Dominica 75 75 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 28 356 27 684 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 2 104 2 072 El Salvador<br />

Granada 34 34 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 10 889 10 843 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 21 497 19 685 Guyana<br />

Haití 2 775 2 756 Haiti<br />

Honduras 11 209 11 189 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 1 099 1 083 Jamaica<br />

México 195 820 190 869 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 13 000 12 140 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 7 552 7 443 Panama<br />

Paraguay 40 675 39 730 Paraguay<br />

Perú 128 522 128 000 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 4 873 4 838 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 36 36 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 39 39 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 62 61 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 16 327 15 600 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 513 513 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 17 622 17 502 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 91 205 88 205 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe b 2 043 191 2 006 652 Latin America and the Caribbean b<br />

a Countries’ land area tends to remain constant over time. However, it should be noted that, up to 1975, El Salvador<br />

had a land area of 2,085,000 ha and that, up to 1974, Guyana had 19,671,000 ha.<br />

b Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil,<br />

Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras,<br />

Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Dominican Republic, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and<br />

the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

a La superfi cie terrestre <strong>de</strong> los países su<strong>el</strong>e ser invariable. Sin embargo, nótense los casos <strong>de</strong> El Salvador, que hasta 1975<br />

contaba con una superfi cie terrestre <strong>de</strong> 2.085.000 ha y <strong>de</strong> Guyana, que hasta 1974 registraba 19.671.000 ha.<br />

b Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba,<br />

Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá,<br />

Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts y Nevis, San Vicente y las<br />

Granadinas, Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 315<br />

3.2 USO DE LA TIERRA / LAND USE<br />

3.2.2 SUPERFICIE AGRÍCOLA<br />

AGRICULTURAL AREA<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> hectáreas / Thousands of hectares)<br />

País 1995 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 14 14 14 14 14 14 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 172 730 175 280 176 780 176 800 177 000 177 000 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 12 12 12 13 14 14 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 19 19 19 19 19 19 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 146 148 150 149 149 152 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 36 500 36 968 36 999 36 962 36 932 36 937 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 258 472 260 112 260 759 261 406 263 465 263 580 Brazil<br />

Chile 15 330 15 219 15 225 15 232 15 235 15 242 Chile<br />

Colombia 44 513 45 543 45 668 45 465 46 049 45 911 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 2 855 2 845 2 865 2 865 2 865 2 865 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 6 920 6 780 6 940 7 100 6 665 6 655 Cuba<br />

Dominica 17 17 19 21 22 22 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 8 108 8 027 8 075 8 066 8 075 8 075 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1 605 1 644 1 675 1 684 1 704 1 704 El Salvador<br />

Granada 12 12 12 12 13 13 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 4 512 4 507 4 507 4 507 4 507 4 507 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 1 738 1 740 1 740 1 740 1 740 1 740 Guyana<br />

Haití 1 590 1 590 1 590 1 590 1 590 1 590 Haiti<br />

Honduras 3 480 3 395 3 337 2 935 2 936 2 936 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 513 513 513 513 513 513 Jamaica<br />

México 107 200 107 200 107 200 107 300 107 300 107 300 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 6 685 6 846 6 897 6 966 6 970 6 976 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 2 132 2 149 2 157 2 188 2 230 2 230 Panama<br />

Paraguay 24 385 24 636 24 637 24 638 24 810 24 815 Paraguay<br />

Perú 31 174 31 305 31 360 31 385 31 400 31 410 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 3 609 3 639 3 671 3 696 3 696 3 696 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 10 9 10 10 10 10 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 14 15 16 16 16 16 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 21 19 20 20 20 20 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 89 88 88 88 88 88 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 133 133 133 133 133 133 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 14 825 14 842 14 851 14 883 14 883 14 883 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 21 620 21 642 21 643 21 645 21 648 21 648 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 770 983 776 908 779 582 780 061 782 711 782 714 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia,<br />

Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada,<br />

Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts<br />

and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,<br />

Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts<br />

y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.


316 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

3.2 USO DE LA TIERRA / LAND USE<br />

3.2.3 SUPERFICIE DE TIERRAS ARABLES<br />

AREA OF ARABLE LAND<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> hectáreas / Thousands of hectares)<br />

País 1995 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 8 8 8 8 8 8 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 29 500 32 000 33 500 33 500 33 700 33 700 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 6 6 6 7 8 8 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 16 16 16 16 16 16 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 62 64 64 64 65 70 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 2 500 2 960 3 000 2 928 2 900 2 900 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 58 059 57 640 57 640 57 640 58 865 58 980 Brazil<br />

Chile 2 120 1 979 1 979 1 979 1 982 1 982 Chile<br />

Colombia 2 399 2 551 2 536 2 818 2 516 2 293 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 225 225 225 225 225 225 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 3 700 3 630 3 630 3 630 2 985 2 668 Cuba<br />

Dominica 3 3 4 5 5 5 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 1 574 1 602 1 610 1 616 1 620 1 620 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 582 600 631 640 660 660 El Salvador<br />

Granada 2 2 1 1 2 2 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 1 355 1 360 1 360 1 360 1 360 1 360 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 480 480 480 480 480 480 Guyana<br />

Haití 780 780 780 780 780 780 Haiti<br />

Honduras 1 600 1 520 1 468 1 068 1 068 1 068 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 174 174 174 174 174 174 Jamaica<br />

México 25 200 24 900 24 800 24 800 24 800 24 800 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 1 650 1 800 1 850 1 917 1 920 1 925 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 500 520 530 540 548 548 Panama<br />

Paraguay 2 600 2 850 2 850 2 850 3 020 3 020 Paraguay<br />

Perú 3 610 3 670 3 700 3 700 3 700 3 700 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 1 020 1 070 1 071 1 096 1 096 1 096 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 7 6 7 7 7 7 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 5 6 7 7 7 7 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 5 3 4 4 4 4 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 57 57 57 57 57 57 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 75 75 75 75 75 75 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 1 260 1 280 1 290 1 300 1 300 1 300 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 2 581 2 593 2 593 2 595 2 598 2 598 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 143 715 146 430 147 946 147 887 148 551 148 136 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia,<br />

Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada,<br />

Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts<br />

and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,<br />

Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts<br />

y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 317<br />

3.2 USO DE LA TIERRA / LAND USE<br />

3.2.4 SUPERFICIE DE TIERRAS DESTINADAS A CULTIVOS PERMANENTES<br />

AREA OF PERMANENT CROPLAND<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> hectáreas / Thousands of hectares)<br />

País 1995 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 2 2 2 2 2 2 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 1 230 1 280 1 280 1 300 1 300 1 300 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 4 4 4 4 4 4 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 1 1 1 1 1 1 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 34 34 36 35 34 32 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 165 177 168 203 201 206 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 7 441 7 560 7 560 7 560 7 600 7 600 Brazil<br />

Chile 280 315 316 318 318 325 Chile<br />

Colombia 2 031 1 826 1 828 1 727 1 733 1 557 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 290 280 300 300 300 300 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 820 850 910 970 1 050 1 120 Cuba<br />

Dominica 12 12 13 14 15 15 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 1 427 1 402 1 370 1 363 1 365 1 365 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 273 250 250 250 250 250 El Salvador<br />

Granada 9 9 10 10 10 10 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 555 545 545 545 545 545 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 28 30 30 30 30 30 Guyana<br />

Haití 320 320 320 320 320 320 Haiti<br />

Honduras 350 355 359 359 360 360 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 110 110 110 110 110 110 Jamaica<br />

México 2 100 2 400 2 500 2 500 2 500 2 500 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 220 231 232 234 235 236 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 155 152 150 148 147 147 Panama<br />

Paraguay 85 86 87 88 90 95 Paraguay<br />

Perú 464 535 560 585 600 610 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 500 480 500 500 500 500 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 1 1 1 1 1 1 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 7 7 7 7 7 7 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 14 14 14 14 14 14 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 11 10 10 10 10 10 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 47 47 47 47 47 47 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 45 42 41 40 40 40 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 799 809 810 810 810 810 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 19 830 20 176 20 371 20 405 20 549 20 469 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia,<br />

Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada,<br />

Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts<br />

and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,<br />

Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts<br />

y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.


318 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

3.2 USO DE LA TIERRA / LAND USE<br />

3.2.5 SUPERFICIE DE PRADERAS Y PASTOS PERMANENTES<br />

AREA OF PERMANENT PASTURELAND<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> hectáreas / Thousands of hectares)<br />

País 1995 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 4 4 4 4 4 4 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 142 000 142 000 142 000 142 000 142 000 142 000 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 2 2 2 2 2 2 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 2 2 2 2 2 2 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 50 50 50 50 50 50 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 33 835 33 831 33 831 33 831 33 831 33 831 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 192 972 194 912 195 559 196 206 197 000 197 000 Brazil<br />

Chile 12 930 12 925 12 930 12 935 12 935 12 935 Chile<br />

Colombia 40 083 41 166 41 304 40 920 41 800 42 061 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 2 340 2 340 2 340 2 340 2 340 2 340 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 2 400 2 300 2 400 2 500 2 630 2 867 Cuba<br />

Dominica 2 2 2 2 2 2 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 5 107 5 023 5 095 5 087 5 090 5 090 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 750 794 794 794 794 794 El Salvador<br />

Granada 1 1 1 1 1 1 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 2 602 2 602 2 602 2 602 2 602 2 602 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 1 230 1 230 1 230 1 230 1 230 1 230 Guyana<br />

Haití 490 490 490 490 490 490 Haiti<br />

Honduras 1 530 1 520 1 510 1 508 1 508 1 508 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 229 229 229 229 229 229 Jamaica<br />

México 79 900 79 900 79 900 80 000 80 000 80 000 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 4 815 4 815 4 815 4 815 4 815 4 815 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 1 477 1 477 1 477 1 500 1 535 1 535 Panama<br />

Paraguay 21 700 21 700 21 700 21 700 21 700 21 700 Paraguay<br />

Perú 27 100 27 100 27 100 27 100 27 100 27 100 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 2 089 2 089 2 100 2 100 2 100 2 100 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 2 2 2 2 2 2 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 2 2 2 2 2 2 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 2 2 2 2 2 2 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 21 21 21 21 21 21 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 11 11 11 11 11 11 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 13 520 13 520 13 520 13 543 13 543 13 543 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 18 240 18 240 18 240 18 240 18 240 18 240 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 607 438 610 302 611 265 611 769 613 611 614 109 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia,<br />

Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada,<br />

Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts<br />

and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,<br />

Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts<br />

y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 319<br />

3.2 USO DE LA TIERRA / LAND USE<br />

3.2.6 SUPERFICIE REGADA<br />

AREA IRRIGATED<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> hectáreas / Thousands of hectares)<br />

País 1995 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 Country<br />

Argentina 1 561 1 561 1 561 1 561 1 561 1 561 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 1 1 1 1 1 1 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 1 1 1 1 1 1 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 3 3 3 3 3 3 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 128 128 130 132 132 132 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 2 656 2 870 2 890 2 910 2 910 2 920 Brazil<br />

Chile 1 900 1 900 1 900 1 900 1 900 1 900 Chile<br />

Colombia 820 850 850 900 900 900 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 92 105 108 108 108 108 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 870 870 870 870 870 870 Cuba<br />

Ecuador 860 865 865 865 865 865 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 43 45 45 45 45 45 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 129 130 130 130 130 130 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 150 150 150 150 150 150 Guyana<br />

Haití 75 75 75 75 75 75 Haiti<br />

Honduras 74 76 78 80 80 80 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 25 25 25 25 25 25 Jamaica<br />

México 6 205 6 260 6 280 6 300 6 320 6 320 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 88 92 93 93 93 94 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 33 35 35 35 35 35 Panama<br />

Paraguay 67 67 67 67 67 67 Paraguay<br />

Perú 1 193 1 195 1 195 1 195 1 195 1 195 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 259 265 269 275 275 275 Dominican Republic<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 1 1 1 1 1 1 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 3 3 3 3 3 3 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 49 51 51 51 51 51 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 4 4 4 4 4 4 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 160 181 181 181 181 181 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 540 570 575 575 575 575 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 17 990 18 379 18 436 18 536 18 556 18 567 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


320 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

3.2 USO DE LA TIERRA / LAND USE<br />

3.2.7 CONSUMO DE FERTILIZANTES<br />

FERTILIZER CONSUMPTION<br />

(Ton<strong>el</strong>adas / Tons)<br />

País 1995 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 Country<br />

Argentina 524 700 775 500 823 500 862 983 861 991 739 526 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 200 300 300 300 800 800 Bahamas<br />

Barbados 3 200 3 000 3 000 3 000 3 000 811 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 5 000 5 638 6 095 6 140 4 700 4 700 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 6 769 5 054 1 940 7 503 11 529 13 741 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 4 205 900 5 851 100 5 869 772 6 568 000 6 838 000 7 682 000 Brazil<br />

Chile 405 000 470 000 475 196 482 000 481 000 455 000 Chile<br />

Colombia 486 200 595 900 585 900 658 200 619 719 691 500 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 122 000 199 000 184 000 167 000 117 173 151 562 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 244 000 169 300 155 500 130 400 205 900 121 900 Cuba<br />

Dominica 3 212 3 000 3 000 3 000 3 000 543 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 101 000 161 711 175 500 164 400 349 651 229 522 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 69 887 82 800 78 508 77 779 73 174 55 333 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 186 000 172 600 196 500 211 600 204 896 186 200 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 15 000 14 900 18 934 12 584 13 000 17 879 Guyana<br />

Haití 7 400 10 928 8 716 14 429 13 924 13 930 Haiti<br />

Honduras 88 900 139 893 163 800 180 500 151 500 50 228 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 26 518 23 445 23 043 22 400 20 855 22 400 Jamaica<br />

México 1 286 000 1 804 300 1 776 000 1 832 000 1 865 378 1 711 900 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 31 000 38 600 35 942 28 900 19 314 53 796 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 27 700 39 876 34 003 31 183 29 200 28 719 Panama<br />

Paraguay 23 000 71 832 65 446 65 200 66 800 153 168 Paraguay<br />

Perú 153 300 238 125 238 825 254 270 314 486 274 007 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 94 000 97 800 93 700 91 695 97 570 89 703 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 1 327 1 700 1 700 1 700 1 700 1 700 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 3 000 3 900 3 900 3 900 3 900 2 133 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 11 000 2 160 5 300 5 300 5 300 1 343 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 4 300 7 594 5 300 5 800 5 600 5 600 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 7 000 6 800 6 100 9 204 1 740 3 258 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 66 000 130 000 105 487 104 122 116 166 128 929 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 298 000 221 700 206 000 282 000 300 000 300 000 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 8 506 513 11 348 456 11 350 907 12 287 492 12 800 966 13 191 831 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

Índice <strong>de</strong> consumo regional (1961=100) 882.3 1 177.0 1 177.3 1 274.4 1 327.7 1 368.2 Regional consumption in<strong>de</strong>x (1961=100)<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 321<br />

3.2 USO DE LA TIERRA / LAND USE<br />

3.2.8 CONSUMO DE PLAGUICIDAS: FUNGICIDAS Y BACTERICIDAS<br />

PESTICIDE CONSUMPTION: FUNGICIDES AND BACTERICIDES<br />

(Ton<strong>el</strong>adas / Tons)<br />

País 1995 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Country<br />

Argentina 6 297 9 064 6 041 ... ... ... Argentina<br />

Barbados 16 ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... 266 161 110 155 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia ... ... ... ... ... ... Bolivia<br />

Brasil 4 719 6 366 7 404 7 340 6 203 9 527 Brazil<br />

Chile 2 528 3 319 3 371 2 892 ... ... Chile<br />

Colombia 7 280 6 853 28 501 29 159 35 886 ... Colombia<br />

Costa Rica a 1 008 8 543 4 695 4 434 3 960 5 237 Costa Rica a<br />

Ecuador 1 241 2 669 3 630 3 012 3 529 1 702 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador ... ... ... ... ... ... El Salvador<br />

Guatemala ... ... ... ... ... ... Guatemala<br />

Haití 5 6 6 6 7 ... Haiti<br />

Honduras b 857 2 482 1 979 820 2 130 ... Honduras b<br />

Jamaica c 1 410 295 ... ... ... ... Jamaica c<br />

Nicaragua 242 ... 1 293 871 675 600 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá d ... 1 710 947 ... ... ... Panama d<br />

Paraguay ... 174 297 238 233 643 Paraguay<br />

Perú 978 1 491 1 623 1 632 1 921 ... Peru<br />

República Dominicana 716 1 153 1 011 1 469 1 057 3 069 Dominican Republic<br />

Santa Lucía ... 14 4 13 ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 75 39 ... ... 37 ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 952 866 1 199 933 713 942 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) ... ... ... ... ... ... Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe e 28 324 45 044 62 267 52 980 56 461 21 875 Latin America and the Caribbean e<br />

Índice <strong>de</strong> consumo regional (1990=100) 188.2 299.4 413.8 352.1 375.2 145.4 Regional consumption in<strong>de</strong>x (1990=100)<br />

a Up to 1997, the data refer to formulated products; from 1998 on, they refer to active ingredients.<br />

b The data may refer to formulated products and not active ingredients.<br />

a Hasta 1997, la información se refi ere a los productos formulados; a partir <strong>de</strong> 1998, a los ingredientes activos.<br />

b Los datos pue<strong>de</strong>n referirse a productos formulados en vez <strong>de</strong> a los ingredientes activos.<br />

c Corresponds to total imports.<br />

d Information expressed in formulated products.<br />

e Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

c Correspon<strong>de</strong> a las importaciones totales.<br />

d Información expresada en productos formulados.<br />

e Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


322 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

3.2 USO DE LA TIERRA / LAND USE<br />

3.2.9 CONSUMO DE PLAGUICIDAS: HERBICIDAS<br />

PESTICIDE CONSUMPTION: HERBICIDES<br />

(Ton<strong>el</strong>adas / Tons)<br />

País 1995 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Country<br />

Argentina 24 863 55 171 47 355 ... ... ... Argentina<br />

Barbados 445 ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... 390 390 441 365 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia ... ... ... ... ... ... Bolivia<br />

Brasil 25 017 31 847 31 369 26 761 36 775 44 620 Brazil<br />

Chile 5 538 6 682 6 332 3 249 ... ... Chile<br />

Colombia 8 322 6 372 23 714 24 478 27 139 ... Colombia<br />

Costa Rica a 2 746 994 1 732 4 694 7 656 2 980 Costa Rica a<br />

Ecuador 896 3 901 3 285 2 584 4 143 3 068 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador ... ... ... ... ... ... El Salvador<br />

Guatemala ... ... ... ... ... ... Guatemala<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras b 841 325 249 327 195 ... Honduras b<br />

Jamaica c 642 652 ... ... ... ... Jamaica c<br />

Nicaragua 334 ... 1 725 1 839 1 646 1 452 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá d ... 2 788 1 286 ... ... ... Panama d<br />

Paraguay ... 6 217 4 456 4 264 2 448 7 389 Paraguay<br />

Perú 710 894 967 1 040 1 318 ... Peru<br />

República Dominicana 1 839 1 824 2 286 2 699 2 691 2 904 Dominican Republic<br />

Santa Lucía ... 17 17 45 ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 48 55 ... ... 81 ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 958 1 749 2 293 2 261 2 325 2 812 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) ... ... ... ... ... ... Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe e 73 199 119 488 127 456 74 631 86 858 65 590 Latin America and the Caribbean e<br />

Índice <strong>de</strong> consumo regional (1990=100) 452.5 738.7 787.9 461.4 537.0 405.5 Regional consumption in<strong>de</strong>x (1990=100)<br />

a Up to 1997, the data refer to formulated products; from 1998 on, they refer to active ingredients.<br />

b The data may refer to formulated products and not active ingredients.<br />

a Hasta 1997, la información se refi ere a los productos formulados; a partir <strong>de</strong> 1998, a los ingredientes activos.<br />

b Los datos pue<strong>de</strong>n referirse a productos formulados en vez <strong>de</strong> a los ingredientes activos.<br />

c Corresponds to total imports.<br />

d Information expressed in formulated products.<br />

e Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

c Correspon<strong>de</strong> a las importaciones totales.<br />

d Información expresada en productos formulados.<br />

e Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 323<br />

3.2 USO DE LA TIERRA / LAND USE<br />

3.2.10 CONSUMO DE PLAGUICIDAS: INSECTICIDAS<br />

PESTICIDE CONSUMPTION: INSECTICIDES<br />

(Ton<strong>el</strong>adas / Tons)<br />

País 1995 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Country<br />

Argentina 6 188 12 535 7 964 ... ... ... Argentina<br />

Barbados 121 ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... 639 629 502 405 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia ... ... ... ... ... ... Bolivia<br />

Brasil 14 538 18 966 23 843 17 385 19 452 21 544 Brazil<br />

Chile 3 033 4 365 4 823 1 866 ... ... Chile<br />

Colombia 4 240 2 730 8 420 12 217 12 743 ... Colombia<br />

Costa Rica a 1 575 6 622 1 470 1 949 2 359 1 468 Costa Rica a<br />

Ecuador 501 1 026 1 483 1 721 1 842 1 034 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador ... ... ... ... ... ... El Salvador<br />

Guatemala ... ... ... ... ... ... Guatemala<br />

Haití 4 6 7 7 7 ... Haiti<br />

Honduras b 319 1 785 1 223 1 205 1 262 ... Honduras b<br />

Jamaica c 555 658 ... ... ... ... Jamaica c<br />

Nicaragua 292 ... 2 366 2 552 1 944 1 904 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá d ... 862 936 ... ... ... Panama d<br />

Paraguay ... 9 054 7 156 540 765 1 706 Paraguay<br />

Perú 1 275 1 803 1 647 1 246 1 762 ... Peru<br />

República Dominicana 686 727 892 913 794 900 Dominican Republic<br />

Santa Lucía ... 66 28 128 ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 46 45 ... ... 58 ... Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 96 251 175 159 182 187 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) ... ... ... ... ... ... Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe e 33 469 61 501 63 072 42 517 43 672 29 148 Latin America and the Caribbean e<br />

Índice <strong>de</strong> consumo regional (1990=100) 245.7 451.5 463.0 312.1 320.6 214.0 Regional consumption in<strong>de</strong>x (1990=100)<br />

a Up to 1997, the data refer to formulated products; from 1998 on, they refer to active ingredients.<br />

b The data may refer to formulated products and not active ingredients.<br />

a Hasta 1997, la información se refi ere a los productos formulados; a partir <strong>de</strong> 1998, a los ingredientes activos.<br />

b Los datos pue<strong>de</strong>n referirse a productos formulados en vez <strong>de</strong> a los ingredientes activos.<br />

c Corresponds to total imports.<br />

d Information expressed in formulated products.<br />

e Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

c Correspon<strong>de</strong> a las importaciones totales.<br />

d Información expresada en productos formulados.<br />

e Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


324 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

3.3 MARES Y BORDE COSTERO / SEAS AND COASTAL AREAS<br />

3.3.1 EXTRACCIÓN ANUAL DE LAS PRINCIPALES PESQUERÍAS a<br />

ANNUAL EXTRACTION BY MAIN FISHERIES a<br />

(Ton<strong>el</strong>adas / Tons)<br />

País Tipo <strong>de</strong> pesquería 1995 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Type of fi shery Country<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice Total 750 656 606 597 636 590 Total B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Peces 145 184 62 55 86 34 Fish<br />

Moluscos ... ... ... ... ... ... Molluscs<br />

Crustáceos 598 465 540 540 549 555 Crustaceans<br />

Otros 7 7 4 2 1 1 Others<br />

Brasil Total 606 708 603 942 666 846 730 378 755 582 ... Total Brazil<br />

Peces ... 542 936 599 499 671 641 692 465 ... Fish<br />

Moluscos ... 7 026 6 273 5 924 10 092 ... Molluscs<br />

Crustáceos ... 53 980 61 075 52 813 53 026 ... Crustaceans<br />

Otros ... ... ... ... ... ... Others<br />

Chile Total 4 332 000 5 325 000 4 691 000 4 363 000 4 817 000 ... Total Chile<br />

Peces 4 190 000 5 118 000 4 486 000 4 151 000 4 621 000 ... Fish<br />

Moluscos 75 000 110 000 110 000 138 000 111 000 ... Molluscs<br />

Crustáceos 9 000 39 000 37 000 26 000 24 000 ... Crustaceans<br />

Otros 58 000 58 000 58 000 48 000 61 000 ... Others<br />

Colombia Total 130 451 126 758 136 086 144 856 112 557 ... Total Colombia<br />

Peces 126 364 119 959 129 017 141 362 109 431 ... Fish<br />

Moluscos 463 247 288 149 186 ... Molluscs<br />

Crustáceos 3 624 6 552 6 781 3 345 2 940 ... Crustaceans<br />

Otros ... ... ... ... ... ... Others<br />

Cuba Total 102 342 100 633 101 220 80 277 59 625 67 074 Total Cuba<br />

Peces 73 552 69 852 64 887 59 110 42 909 54 210 Fish<br />

Moluscos 3 868 4 737 5 401 3 293 2 672 1 994 Molluscs<br />

Crustáceos 13 882 13 996 12 953 11 036 11 906 9 072 Crustaceans<br />

Otros 11 040 12 048 17 979 6 838 2 138 1 797 Others<br />

El Salvador Total 10 207 7 115 6 636 ... 13 906 13 450 Total El Salvador<br />

Peces 4 160 2 910 3 180 ... 6 620 6 455 Fish<br />

Moluscos 633 1 119 1 137 ... 777 625 Molluscs<br />

Crustáceos 5 414 3 087 2 319 ... 6 510 6 369 Crustaceans<br />

Otros ... ... ... ... ... ... Others<br />

México Total 1 404 384 1 286 107 1 402 938 1 520 938 1 554 452 ... Total Mexico<br />

Peces 772 155 765 680 862 860 984 504 1 016 114 ... Fish<br />

Moluscos 111 620 137 606 156 658 169 198 208 469 ... Molluscs<br />

Crustáceos 113 649 121 011 121 969 129 707 122 524 ... Crustaceans<br />

Otros 406 960 261 810 261 451 237 528 207 346 ... Others<br />

Panamá Total 148 422 101 495 190 603 232 704 272 780 206 977 Total Panama<br />

Peces 139 541 93 717 182 856 224 836 267 443 200 432 Fish<br />

Moluscos 1 715 1 676 1 712 1 736 1 241 1 361 Molluscs<br />

Crustáceos 7 101 6 071 6 007 6 096 4 055 5 151 Crustaceans<br />

Otros 65 31 28 36 41 33 Others<br />

Perú Total 8 970 902 8 392 378 10 626 323 7 955 960 8 741 396 ... Total Peru<br />

Peces 8 816 977 8 257 113 10 507 043 7 823 088 8 540 594 ... Fish<br />

Moluscos 139 753 110 820 111 638 116 870 184 022 ... Molluscs<br />

Crustáceos 13 598 21 507 4 703 8 376 8 354 ... Crustaceans<br />

Otros 574 2 938 2 939 7 626 8 426 ... Others<br />

República Dominicana Total 18 662 8 517 13 154 13 217 17 204 18 096 Total Dominican Republic<br />

Peces ... ... 7 017 6 339 10 878 12 233 Fish<br />

Moluscos ... ... 1 988 1 572 3 313 1 971 Molluscs<br />

Crustáceos ... ... 1 811 1 344 2 672 1 327 Crustaceans<br />

Otros ... ... 2 337 3 961 341 2 566 Others<br />

a Detailed information on the different species caught by type of fi sheries can be found in the Database of<br />

Environmental Statistics and Indicators for Latin America and the Caribbean (BADEIMA).<br />

a En la base <strong>de</strong> Datos <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas e Indicadores <strong>de</strong>l Medio Ambiente <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe<br />

(BADEIMA) se <strong>de</strong>tallan las epecies por categoría <strong>de</strong> pesca.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 325<br />

3.3 MARES Y BORDE COSTERO / SEAS AND COASTAL AREAS<br />

3.3.2 EMBARCACIONES DEDICADAS A LA PESCA<br />

FISHING VESSELS<br />

(Número / Number)<br />

País 1995 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Country<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... 470 851 1 455 617 687 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

El Salvador a 83 90 83 ... ... ... El Salvador a<br />

Guatemala ... 9 368 ... ... ... ... Guatemala<br />

México b 74 903 105 795 106 373 106 425 106 434 ... Mexico b<br />

Panamá c 262 6 026 6 314 6 669 7 257 7 688 Panama c<br />

Perú d ... ... ... 975 1 095 ... Peru d<br />

República Dominicana ... ... ... ... ... 3 661 Dominican Republic<br />

a These data inclu<strong>de</strong> only small drift-net vess<strong>el</strong>s fi shing for shrimp and prawns; they do not inclu<strong>de</strong> small-scale<br />

fi shing boats.<br />

b Since 1997, there has been a more than 30% increase in the number of vess<strong>el</strong>s due to an update of information<br />

following a census of fi shing vess<strong>el</strong>s conducted by fi shery authorities in Mexico.<br />

c Since 1997, registration of fi shing vess<strong>el</strong>s has been carried out on a large scale.<br />

d Number of large vess<strong>el</strong>s authorized to carry out fi shing activities.<br />

a Se incluye solamente a las embarcaciones pequeñas arrastreras <strong>de</strong> camarón y langostino; no se incluye a las<br />

embarcaciones pequeñas artesanales.<br />

b A partir <strong>de</strong> 1997 se observa un aumento <strong>de</strong> más <strong>de</strong>l 30% <strong>de</strong>l número <strong>de</strong> embarcaciones, <strong>de</strong>bido a una actualización <strong>de</strong><br />

la información, sobre la base <strong>de</strong> un censo <strong>de</strong> embarcaciones realizado por las autorida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong>l sector en México.<br />

c A partir <strong>de</strong>l año 1997 se realiza <strong>el</strong> registro masivo <strong>de</strong> embarcaciones.<br />

d Número <strong>de</strong> embarcaciones <strong>de</strong> mayor escala autorizadas a realizar activida<strong>de</strong>s extractivas.<br />

3.3.3 VOLUMEN DE LA PRODUCCIÓN ACUÍCOLA<br />

VOLUME OF AQUACULTURE PRODUCTION<br />

(Ton<strong>el</strong>adas / Tons)<br />

País 1995 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Country<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 755 3 288 3 606 4 337 4 276 9 155 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Brasil 46 203 140 656 176 531 209 379 251 287 ... Brazil<br />

Colombia 30 514 52 213 31 659 35 532 44 065 16 503 Colombia<br />

Cuba 28 936 41 796 31 828 24 710 25 824 18 054 Cuba<br />

El Salvador a 307 115 196 ... 372 505 El Salvador a<br />

Guatemala 911 ... ... ... ... ... Guatemala<br />

México b 157 574 166 336 188 158 196 723 187 485 ... Mexico b<br />

Panamá c 2 523 1 676 877 1 945 3 137 3 960 Panama c<br />

República Dominicana 52 ... 735 1 256 417 736 Dominican Republic<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s intensive and semi-intensive marine shrimp and fi sh farming.<br />

a Incluye la producción <strong>de</strong> acuicultura marina intensiva y semiintensiva <strong>de</strong> camarón y peces.<br />

b Refers to production in live weight.<br />

c These data r<strong>el</strong>ate to shrimp-farming.<br />

b Se refi ere a la producción en peso vivo.<br />

c Estos datos correspon<strong>de</strong>n al cultivo <strong>de</strong> camarones.


326 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

3.4 ÁREAS PROTEGIDAS / PROTECTED AREAS<br />

3.4.1 SUPERFICIE DE ÁREAS PROTEGIDAS Y COMO PROPORCIÓN DE LA SUPERFICIE TOTAL DEL PAÍS<br />

AREA PROTECTED AND AS A PROPORTION OF THE COUNTRY’S TOTAL LAND AREA<br />

País 1995 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Country<br />

Hectáreas / Hectares<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 766 972 ... 1 049 906 1 051 988 1 079 911 1 029 787 a B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 12 649 300 16 633 200 16 741 500 16 741 500 16 741 500 16 741 500 Bolivia<br />

Brasil b ... 42 417 585 42 805 716 46 085 467 54 234 444 54 313 784 Brazil b<br />

Chile c ... 14 125 268 ... ... 14 125 273 14 123 069 Chile c<br />

Colombia 9 091 889 5 248 454 5 248 454 5 248 454 10 098 571 10 098 571 Colombia<br />

México 10 899 790 12 731 109 17 056 606 17 421 606 ... 17 916 051 d Mexico<br />

Panamá a 2 344 043 2 384 771 2 385 871 2 458 842 2 458 842 2 500 670 Panama a<br />

Perú 10 544 552 ... 18 384 864 17 360 010 17 337 286 ... Peru<br />

Porcentaje / Percentage<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 30.0 ... 41.7 41.8 42.9 40.9 a B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 11.5 15.1 ... ... ... ... Bolivia<br />

Brasil b ... 5.0 5.0 5.4 6.4 6.4 Brazil b<br />

Chile c ... 18.6 ... ... 18.6 18.6 Chile c<br />

Colombia 8.0 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.8 8.8 Colombia<br />

México 5.5 6.4 8.6 8.8 ... 9.1 d Mexico<br />

Panamá a 31.0 31.6 31.6 32.6 32.6 33.1 Panama a<br />

Perú 8.2 ... 14.3 13.5 13.4 ... Peru<br />

a Pr<strong>el</strong>iminary fi gure.<br />

b Only fe<strong>de</strong>ral protected areas were consi<strong>de</strong>red, including fully protected conservation areas and conservation<br />

areas for sustainable use. The fi gure shown is an un<strong>de</strong>restimate, as state and municipal conservation units<br />

were not inclu<strong>de</strong>d, nor were private natural heritage reserves.<br />

c These fi gures only contemplate the areas corresponding to the National System of State-Protected Wildlife<br />

Areas (SNASPE)<br />

d Corresponds to July 2004<br />

a Cifra pr<strong>el</strong>iminar.<br />

b Solo se consi<strong>de</strong>raron las áreas protegidas fe<strong>de</strong>rales, incluyendo las unida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> conservación <strong>de</strong> protección integral y las<br />

unida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> conservación <strong>de</strong> uso sostenible. La cifra presentada traduce una subestimación, dado que no se consi<strong>de</strong>raron<br />

las unida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> conservación estaduales y municipales ni las reservas particulares <strong>de</strong> patrimonio natural (RPPN).<br />

c Estas cifras solo contemplan las superfi cies correspondientes al Sistema Nacional <strong>de</strong> Áreas Silvestres Protegidas <strong>de</strong>l Estado<br />

(SNASPE).<br />

d Correspon<strong>de</strong> a julio <strong>de</strong> 2004


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 327<br />

3.4 ÁREAS PROTEGIDAS / PROTECTED AREAS<br />

3.4.2 SUPERFICIE Y NÚMERO DE ÁREAS MARINAS PROTEGIDAS, 2004<br />

AREA AND NUMBER OF MARINE AREAS PROTECTED, 2004<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> hectáreas y número / Thousands of hectares and number)<br />

2004<br />

País Country<br />

Superfi cie / Area Número / Number<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 7 8 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 782 29 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 125 26 Bahamas<br />

Barbados – 3 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 183 22 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Brasil 4 745 82 Brazil<br />

Chile 11 448 27 Chile<br />

Colombia 811 13 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 481 21 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 3 169 36 Cuba<br />

Dominica 1 2 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 14 101 4 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 8 3 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 10 3 Guatemala<br />

Honduras 190 18 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 819 4 Jamaica<br />

México 8 206 37 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 130 5 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 1 004 14 Panama<br />

Perú 339 3 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 855 14 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 3 1 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 4 19 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 1 31 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 135 7 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 7 9 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 6 4 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 2 134 19 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 49 703 464 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


328 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

3.5 ENERGÍA / ENERGY<br />

3.5.1 PRODUCCIÓN DE ENERGÍA PRIMARIA Y SECUNDARIA a<br />

PRODUCTION OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY ENERGY a<br />

(Terajoules / Terajoules)<br />

País 1995 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Country<br />

Energía primaria / Primary energy<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 223 101.2 230 392.5 264 726.0 326 118.7 373 624.6 413 002.1 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 5 222 774.3 6 620 660.2 6 928 065.8 7 071 820.1 7 876 103.1 ... Brazil<br />

Chile 351 687.0 334 513.0 369 156.0 394 024.0 399 952.0 370 081.0 Chile<br />

Colombia 2 535 834.0 3 241 121.0 3 134 869.0 3 117 694.0 2 948 718.0 3 150 570.0 Colombia<br />

El Salvador 87 589.4 ... 101 920.6 ... ... ... El Salvador<br />

México 8 156 027.0 9 405 126.0 9 618 642.0 9 712 731.0 9 624 914.0 b ... Mexico<br />

Panamá 27 257.4 46 784.0 46 345.3 42 096.2 41 936.9 38 665.6 Panama<br />

Paraguay 348 910.5 367 141.4 361 560.7 284 080.6 316 089.0 325 920.9 Paraguay<br />

República Dominicana ... 38 953.0 39 622.5 38 576.5 ... ... Dominican Republic<br />

Energía secundaria / Secondary energy<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia ... ... ... ... ... ... Bolivia<br />

Brasil 4 943 586.1 5 920 881.0 6 123 195.0 6 246 917.0 6 319 223.7 ... Brazil<br />

Chile 807 977.0 1 170 181.0 1 223 647.0 1 254 687.0 1 243 539.0 1 291 097.0 Chile<br />

Colombia 783 500.3 833 080.8 836 325.7 859 479.2 844 774.0 867 330.0 Colombia<br />

El Salvador 43 916.6 ... 53 797.3 ... ... ... El Salvador<br />

México 4 738 780.0 4 960 615.0 4 902 541.0 4 896 206.0 5 025 003.0 b ... Mexico<br />

Panamá 64 154.2 116 532.0 106 587.5 103 766.0 ... ... Panama<br />

Paraguay 166 005.2 196 677.2 201 937.5 172 240.4 183 493.1 195 896.0 Paraguay<br />

República Dominicana ... 137 246.5 139 625.1 120 919.3 ... ... Dominican Republic<br />

a Detailed information about the different sources of primary and secondary energy consi<strong>de</strong>red by each country can be found in<br />

the Database of Environmental Statistics and Indicators for Latin America and the Caribbean (BADEIMA).<br />

b Pr<strong>el</strong>iminary fi gure.<br />

a En la Base <strong>de</strong> Datos <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas e Indicadores <strong>de</strong>l Medio Ambiente <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe (BADEIMA),<br />

se <strong>de</strong>tallan las diferentes fuentes <strong>de</strong> energía primaria y secundaria, consi<strong>de</strong>radas por cada país.<br />

b Cifra pr<strong>el</strong>iminar.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 329<br />

3.5 ENERGÍA / ENERGY<br />

3.5.2 CONSUMO DE ENERGÍA PRIMARIA Y SECUNDARIA a<br />

CONSUMPTION OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY ENERGY a<br />

(Terajoules / Terajoules)<br />

País 1995 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Country<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice Consumo energía primaria total 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 Total primary energy consumption B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> leña ... ... ... ... ... ... Wood consumption<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> gas natural ... ... ... ... ... ... Natural gas consumption<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> bagazo ... ... ... ... ... ... Bagasse consumption<br />

Consumo energía secundaria total ... ... ... ... ... ... Total secondary energy consumption<br />

Bolivia Consumo energía primaria total ... ... ... ... ... ... Total primary energy consumption Bolivia<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> leña ... ... ... ... ... ... Wood consumption<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> gas natural b ... 37 119.8 32 620.8 28 360.4 30 812.1 36 336.0 Natural gas consumption b<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> bagazo ... ... ... ... ... ... Bagasse consumption<br />

Consumo energía secundaria total 230.5 284.1 251.9 69.1 70.5 74.7 Total secondary energy consumption<br />

Brasil Consumo energía primaria total ... ... ... ... ... ... Total primary energy consumption Brazil<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> leña 589 895.0 610 470.0 616 213.0 619 469.0 650 716.0 ... Wood consumption<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> gas natural 177 715.0 253 368.0 321 740.0 373 246.0 446 367.0 ... Natural gas consumption<br />

Consumo energía secundaria total 5 314 887.0 6 215 489.0 6 365 619.0 6 288 248.0 6 272 331.0 ... Total secondary energy consumption<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> bagazo 648 681.0 754 586.0 605 089.0 708 869.0 791 124.0 ... Bagasse consumption<br />

Chile Consumo energía primaria total 736 504.0 1 028 035.0 1 074 877.0 1 089 706.0 1 098 621.0 1 000 000.0 Total primary energy consumption Chile<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> leña 143 616.0 170 512.0 178 123.0 177 780.0 180 606.0 170 629.0 Wood consumption<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> gas natural 74 977.0 195 582.0 252 506.0 286 205.0 288 638.0 312 260.0 Natural gas consumption<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> bagazo ... ... ... ... ... ... Bagasse consumption<br />

Consumo energía secundaria total 849 204.0 1 198 539.0 1 207 812.0 1 203 910.0 1 224 446.0 1 261 922.0 Total secondary energy consumption<br />

Colombia Consumo energía primaria total ... ... ... ... ... ... Total primary energy consumption Colombia<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> leña 172 045.0 94 792.7 93 850.7 95 305.4 89 714.7 91 456.0 Wood consumption<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> gas natural 56 071.7 71 360.0 75 612.6 95 263.6 104 177.0 110 277.0 Natural gas consumption<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> bagazo 85 796.3 84 522.3 88 184.6 88 184.6 88 184.6 88 185.0 Bagasse consumption<br />

Consumo energía secundaria total 629 194.4 600 367.0 607 058.7 596 987.6 587 556.9 589 532.0 Total secondary energy consumption<br />

El Salvador Consumo energía primaria total 124 750.0 ... 129 760.0 ... ... ... Total primary energy consumption El Salvador<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> leña 67 100.7 ... 48 314.8 ... ... ... Wood consumption<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> gas natural ... ... ... ... ... ... Natural gas consumption<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> bagazo 7 891.9 ... 17 894.6 ... ... ... Bagasse consumption<br />

Consumo energía secundaria total 60 942.7 ... 74 620.6 ... ... ... Total secondary energy consumption<br />

México Consumo energía primaria total 5 363 031.0 5 816 548.0 6 006 321.0 6 217 321.0 6 327 445.0 c ... Total primary energy consumption Mexico<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> leña 243 615.0 251 898.0 253 868.0 253 444.0 255 087.0 c ... Wood consumption<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> gas natural 74 718.0 250 265.0 251 786.0 240 316.0 237 981.0 c ... Natural gas consumption<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> bagazo 86 434.0 90 975.0 87 076.0 91 980.0 87 678.0 c ... Bagasse consumption<br />

Consumo energía secundaria total 3 435 111.0 3 436 140.0 3 445 851.0 3 400 077.0 3 465 363.0 c ... Total secondary energy consumption<br />

Panamá Consumo energía primaria total 17 451.1 33 135.0 31 485.2 30 374.3 ... ... Total primary energy consumption Panama<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> leña 14 844.9 28 382.3 27 706.9 26 458.4 ... ... Wood consumption<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> gas natural – – – – ... ... Natural gas consumption<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> bagazo 1 073.0 2 337.9 1 944.6 1 990.5 ... ... Bagasse consumption<br />

Consumo energía secundaria total 48 787.2 59 771.7 59 545.0 66 904.6 65 879.3 89 151.7 Total secondary energy consumption<br />

Perú Consumo energía primaria total ... ... ... ... ... ... Total primary energy consumption Peru<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> leña d 73 443.5 68 982.7 68 268.7 67 462.0 68 021.4 ... Wood consumption d<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> gas natural ... ... ... ... ... ... Natural gas consumption<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> bagazo 5 606.6 5 403.4 6 137.8 6 353.5 7 242.8 ... Bagasse consumption<br />

Consumo energía secundaria total ... ... ... ... ... ... Total secondary energy consumption<br />

República Consumo energía primaria total ... 28 313.1 30 504.3 30 856.6 ... ... Total primary energy consumption Dominican<br />

Dominicana Consumo <strong>de</strong> leña ... 18 016.7 18 840.6 18 468.9 ... ... Wood consumption Republic<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> gas natural ... – – – ... ... Natural gas consumption<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> bagazo ... 9 686.4 10 970.0 11 087.6 ... ... Bagasse consumption<br />

Consumo energía secundaria total ... 167 533.0 191 047.3 179 412.8 ... ... Total secondary energy consumption<br />

a Detailed information about the different sources of primary and secondary energy consi<strong>de</strong>red by each country can be<br />

found in the Database of Environmental Statistics and Indicators for Latin America and the Caribbean (BADEIMA).<br />

b This fi gure refers to domestic sales of natural gas.<br />

a En la Base <strong>de</strong> Datos <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas e Indicadores <strong>de</strong>l Medio Ambiente <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe (BADEIMA),<br />

se <strong>de</strong>tallan las diferentes fuentes <strong>de</strong> energía primaria y secundaria, consi<strong>de</strong>radas por cada país.<br />

b Este dato correspon<strong>de</strong> a las ventas internas <strong>de</strong> gas natural.<br />

c Pr<strong>el</strong>iminary fi gure.<br />

d Refers to wood consumption in the commercial and resi<strong>de</strong>ntial sectors.<br />

c Cifra pr<strong>el</strong>iminar.<br />

d Correspon<strong>de</strong> al consumo <strong>de</strong> leña en <strong>el</strong> sector resi<strong>de</strong>ncial y comercial.


330 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

3.5 ENERGÍA / ENERGY<br />

3.5.3 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: CONSUMO TOTAL DE ENERGÍA<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: TOTAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> barriles equivalentes <strong>de</strong> petróleo / Thousands of barr<strong>el</strong>s of oil equivalent)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 282 533.5 324 902.7 308 243.3 295 762.8 314 725.8 309 120.8 Argentina<br />

Barbados 1 745.8 1 795.6 1 824.1 1 864.9 1 896.8 1 949.4 Barbados<br />

Bolivia 18 976.9 19 284.5 18 621.5 18 284.7 19 598.5 24 009.1 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 924 204.0 1 100 175.7 1 102 638.2 1 137 223.7 1 146 393.6 1 240 992.2 Brazil<br />

Chile 113 880.7 143 595.3 144 102.9 145 761.6 148 737.8 156 152.9 Chile<br />

Colombia 171 661.5 165 683.9 164 962.0 166 187.2 168 337.9 155 776.9 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 14 842.1 17 013.8 17 633.5 17 604.7 18 381.2 19 855.6 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 51 569.2 60 861.1 60 966.3 59 886.6 61 983.6 62 812.6 Cuba<br />

Ecuador 41 021.7 45 972.6 47 445.3 48 133.1 48 047.1 47 454.5 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 18 366.8 21 123.6 21 865.0 21 903.7 23 113.5 23 760.2 El Salvador<br />

Granada 311.8 418.3 436.9 453.0 479.3 465.3 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 36 665.2 46 208.4 47 507.3 48 910.9 50 522.6 51 113.5 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 5 000.4 5 490.7 5 518.9 5 262.9 5 294.8 5 312.4 Guyana<br />

Haití 9 956.4 12 559.5 12 667.5 12 556.7 12 534.2 16 520.6 Haiti<br />

Honduras 18 306.5 19 970.6 21 195.0 22 092.4 23 636.7 24 166.8 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 13 131.8 16 490.3 15 912.0 17 325.3 17 553.6 21 111.7 Jamaica<br />

México 641 918.8 703 210.2 678 768.0 692 970.8 701 408.6 750 534.6 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 12 192.9 15 281.0 15 177.2 15 850.2 16 308.3 16 766.6 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 11 376.9 13 727.5 16 412.0 18 853.1 16 678.2 21 194.9 Panama<br />

Paraguay 26 978.3 26 414.8 25 836.5 26 430.6 26 853.2 26 130.0 Paraguay<br />

Perú 72 340.7 80 026.1 77 540.2 78 530.2 77 056.0 78 871.0 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 26 684.7 39 079.0 39 445.1 40 424.0 38 587.4 41 292.5 Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname 4 105.7 4 333.9 4 331.2 4 254.4 4 188.3 4 400.8 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 33 722.2 49 009.5 60 805.1 63 710.6 65 582.4 68 782.9 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 16 306.7 18 067.4 17 434.8 16 212.7 16 035.4 16 966.3 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 232 221.8 233 838.1 265 234.2 246 279.3 256 398.9 269 727.5 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 2 800 022.7 3 184 534.0 3 192 523.7 3 222 729.9 3 280 333.5 3 455 241.4 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 331<br />

3.5 ENERGÍA / ENERGY<br />

3.5.4 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VARIACIÓN ANUAL DEL CONSUMO TOTAL DE ENERGÍA<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: ANNUAL RATE OF VARIATION IN TOTAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION<br />

(Tasa <strong>de</strong> variación media anual / Annual average variation rate)<br />

País 1975-1980 1980-1985 1985-1990 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2004 Country<br />

Argentina 3.5 -0.5 1.1 5.8 3.0 -1.2 Argentina<br />

Barbados 4.1 -0.5 3.4 1.0 0.6 2.1 Barbados<br />

Bolivia 11.9 0.3 1.8 4.7 0.3 6.1 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 4.1 1.1 2.0 3.4 3.8 3.2 Brazil<br />

Chile 4.6 0.7 6.5 8.3 5.2 2.2 Chile<br />

Colombia 3.2 2.0 4.3 3.9 -0.7 -1.5 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 4.0 2.4 3.5 2.0 2.9 4.2 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 3.4 1.1 3.3 -8.9 3.6 0.8 Cuba<br />

Ecuador 9.7 5.0 -0.3 2.9 2.4 0.8 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1.1 1.0 -2.0 6.3 3.0 3.1 El Salvador<br />

Granada 1.7 5.1 9.0 7.0 6.8 2.8 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 2.7 0.7 4.1 3.5 5.2 2.7 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 2.5 -0.6 -3.5 1.8 2.0 -0.8 Guyana<br />

Haití 3.9 -2.0 -4.2 2.5 5.2 7.9 Haiti<br />

Honduras 4.3 1.9 3.6 1.8 1.8 5.3 Honduras<br />

Jamaica -1.7 -9.8 23.7 -3.0 5.1 7.0 Jamaica<br />

México 8.5 3.0 2.2 2.2 1.9 1.7 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 0.5 2.8 -0.8 3.0 5.1 2.4 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 2.7 1.2 0.3 6.4 4.1 13.6 Panama<br />

Paraguay 8.2 2.2 6.7 5.6 -0.4 -0.3 Paraguay<br />

Perú 1.0 -0.4 -1.1 2.5 2.1 -0.4 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 3.0 -0.7 3.3 7.7 9.3 1.4 Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname 1.1 -6.4 5.6 3.4 1.1 0.4 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 14.8 17.0 5.8 5.3 9.1 10.1 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 2.4 -3.1 1.8 3.3 2.2 -1.5 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 11.1 1.7 1.3 3.6 0.1 3.8 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 5.2 1.4 2.2 3.1 2.7 2.1 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


332 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

3.5 ENERGÍA / ENERGY<br />

3.5.5 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: OFERTA TOTAL DE ENERGÍA<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: TOTAL ENERGY SUPPLY<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> barriles equivalentes <strong>de</strong> petróleo / Thousands of barr<strong>el</strong>s of oil equivalent)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 371 883.6 436 734.4 409 482.6 406 629.0 433 615.5 476 979.8 Argentina<br />

Barbados 2 807.3 2 729.4 2 866.5 2 831.2 2 860.6 2 940.7 Barbados<br />

Bolivia 30 189.4 38 327.0 33 788.8 43 585.6 41 502.5 50 688.2 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 1 168 266.4 1 360 705.2 1 393 236.1 1 428 104.9 1 449 705.0 1 557 176.4 Brazil<br />

Chile 135 662.9 184 077.0 180 242.8 188 177.0 192 346.6 203 556.6 Chile<br />

Colombia 214 990.2 210 043.2 210 623.1 202 667.2 213 557.5 194 467.2 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 18 770.5 21 816.4 20 799.0 22 891.8 24 226.4 22 649.7 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 74 012.6 80 579.8 80 422.5 80 381.2 82 249.4 80 246.4 Cuba<br />

Ecuador 49 644.1 59 590.1 61 785.3 59 696.2 63 674.9 76 659.2 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 23 791.2 27 832.8 29 075.1 28 530.9 30 531.9 30 376.4 El Salvador<br />

Granada 423.2 532.3 544.4 566.4 599.2 581.8 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 41 112.5 53 594.7 54 407.0 55 448.1 55 756.7 59 617.1 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 6 478.7 6 964.8 6 803.7 6 831.7 6 717.3 6 659.7 Guyana<br />

Haití 17 386.9 14 966.1 15 268.8 15 194.7 15 174.9 18 664.7 Haiti<br />

Honduras 20 808.2 22 573.7 24 123.1 25 190.1 27 288.7 29 131.4 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 24 585.9 28 279.9 27 159.3 26 464.6 27 361.4 26 977.1 Jamaica<br />

México 947 756.7 1 065 098.4 1 048 339.3 1 093 350.3 1 133 460.9 1 128 671.2 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 15 783.0 19 303.2 19 333.9 20 018.0 20 826.5 20 349.4 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 14 089.2 18 070.6 25 650.3 23 052.1 19 436.7 24 544.1 Panama<br />

Paraguay 31 994.8 32 005.8 30 776.8 31 868.2 32 724.7 33 654.2 Paraguay<br />

Perú 85 083.6 92 847.7 90 137.7 91 103.9 87 672.9 98 317.8 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 42 376.5 56 137.8 55 535.5 57 777.5 55 356.5 54 634.9 Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname 6 162.3 6 402.3 6 772.4 6 770.3 6 735.5 6 855.8 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 48 205.5 69 701.8 80 501.9 102 050.9 104 574.0 85 422.5 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 19 183.0 22 766.3 20 172.2 18 816.1 18 432.1 21 496.9 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 480 027.0 520 366.8 502 094.8 463 724.3 511 273.3 514 619.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 3 891 474.8 4 452 047.3 4 429 942.6 4 501 722.1 4 657 661.7 4 825 937.7 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 333<br />

3.5 ENERGÍA / ENERGY<br />

3.5.6 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: VARIACIÓN ANUAL DE LA OFERTA DE ENERGÍA<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: ANNUAL RATE OF VARIATION IN TOTAL ENERGY SUPPLY<br />

(Tasa <strong>de</strong> variación media anual / Annual average variation rate)<br />

País 1975-1980 1980-1985 1985-1990 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2004 Country<br />

Argentina 3.7 -0.4 1.7 3.0 3.5 2.3 Argentina<br />

Barbados 5.1 2.5 2.4 2.1 -0.3 1.9 Barbados<br />

Bolivia 15.5 – 1.8 7.5 5.5 8.1 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 5.1 2.7 1.7 3.0 4.0 3.6 Brazil<br />

Chile 4.8 0.1 8.3 6.4 8.3 2.6 Chile<br />

Colombia 3.7 2.6 3.6 3.5 -1.0 -1.9 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 3.2 2.1 3.1 6.4 3.8 1.0 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 4.6 0.8 3.7 -8.2 3.3 -0.1 Cuba<br />

Ecuador 9.9 2.9 1.0 2.0 1.2 7.2 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 2.7 2.1 -1.4 7.5 3.2 2.3 El Salvador<br />

Granada 2.8 4.3 10.4 7.9 6.7 2.3 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 2.6 0.2 3.0 5.1 6.6 2.8 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 2.6 -1.4 -3.5 3.4 2.3 -1.1 Guyana<br />

Haití 4.4 -1.9 -3.2 10.2 -2.6 6.2 Haiti<br />

Honduras 4.8 -0.1 3.7 3.4 0.9 7.3 Honduras<br />

Jamaica -2.0 -4.6 11.6 2.8 2.2 -1.2 Jamaica<br />

México 11.5 2.7 1.8 1.3 3.5 1.5 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 0.7 2.6 0.8 3.7 4.9 1.4 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá -2.1 2.9 -0.9 6.6 6.4 9.0 Panama<br />

Paraguay 8.0 2.6 8.5 6.3 1.4 1.3 Paraguay<br />

Perú 2.1 -1.3 -1.6 2.6 2.6 1.5 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 2.5 0.9 2.5 8.7 5.9 -0.7 Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname 2.6 -5.0 2.3 3.2 1.0 1.8 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 5.8 9.6 4.2 2.5 9.0 5.6 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 1.9 -4.0 2.4 2.8 5.9 -1.4 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 8.4 3.3 7.4 1.0 3.2 -0.3 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 6.3 2.0 2.7 2.2 3.7 2.1 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


334 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

3.5 ENERGÍA / ENERGY<br />

3.5.7 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: OFERTA DE ENERGÍAS RENOVABLES Y NO RENOVABLES, 2002 a<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: SUPPLY OF RENEWABLE AND NON-RENEWABLE ENERGIES, 2002 a<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> barriles equivalentes <strong>de</strong> petróleo / Thousands of barr<strong>el</strong>s of oil equivalent)<br />

Oferta <strong>de</strong> energía no renovable / Non-renewable energy supply Oferta <strong>de</strong> energía renovable / Renewable energy supply<br />

Oferta total<br />

<strong>de</strong> energía Otras no Oferta total no Otras Oferta total<br />

País (kBEP) Petroleo renovables renovables Hidroenergía Leña renovables renovables Country<br />

Total energy (kBEP) (kBEP) b (kBEP) (kBEP) (kBEP) (kBEP) (kBEP)<br />

supply Oil Other Total non-renewable Hydroenergy Woodfu<strong>el</strong> Other Total renewable<br />

(kBOE) (kBOE) non-renewable energy supply (kBOE) (kBOE) renewable energy supply<br />

(kBOE) b (kBOE) (kBOE) (kBOE)<br />

Argentina 422 450 185 201.2 188 797.3 373 998.5 27 763.2 4 360.4 16 327.9 48 451.5 Argentina<br />

Barbados 2 813 – 2 603.1 2 603.1 – – 209.9 209.9 Barbados<br />

Bolivia 29 544 10 525.8 10 090.6 20 616.3 5 031.2 2 414.3 1 482.2 8 927.7 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 1 373 979 580 570.2 276 339.0 856 909.2 203 575.2 152 204.2 161 290.4 517 069.8 Brazil<br />

Chile 188 023 75 642.7 65 882.5 141 525.2 14 368.8 30 928.8 1 200.2 46 497.8 Chile<br />

Colombia 214 966 106 423.5 49 393.6 155 817.1 26 251.1 17 334.1 15 563.7 59 149.0 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 22 780 3 471.6 8 772.4 12 243.9 4 483.9 387.5 5 664.6 10 536.1 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 82 443 39 375.2 26 111.2 65 486.4 82.4 1 575.3 15 298.9 16 956.6 Cuba<br />

Ecuador 69 576 58 437.8 1 113.5 59 551.4 5 180.9 3 184.9 1 658.9 10 024.6 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 28 378 6 556.3 7 492.8 14 049.1 877.8 8 197.9 5 253.2 14 328.9 El Salvador<br />

Granada 544 – 505.6 505.6 – 38.4 – 38.4 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 55 445 4 546.9 14 273.8 18 820.8 1 307.4 33 317.5 1 999.3 36 624.2 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 7 052 – 4 171.3 4 171.3 – 1 683.5 1 197.2 2 880.7 Guyana<br />

Haití 15 195 – 3 990.3 3 990.3 404.6 10 376.0 424.1 11 204.7 Haiti<br />

Honduras 25 137 – 14 470.1 14 470.2 1 520.5 8 949.3 197.0 10 666.9 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 26 446 8 348.5 16 133.2 24 481.7 212.5 1 130.0 621.8 1 964.3 Jamaica<br />

México 1 035 381 547 306.8 379 097.1 926 403.9 43 663.2 44 107.5 21 206.5 108 977.1 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 19 289 5 823.9 3 854.6 9 678.5 300.8 8 688.1 621.6 9 610.5 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 23 052 10 167.3 6 207.9 16 375.2 2 108.5 4 412.9 155.4 6 676.8 Panama<br />

Paraguay 61 037 690.4 10 099.2 10 789.6 36 542.4 11 987.0 1 718.0 50 247.4 Paraguay<br />

Perú 91 104 54 129.0 6 725.0 60 854.0 13 974.0 12 761.4 3 514.6 30 250.0 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 57 777 14 144.1 34 367.3 48 511.4 680.1 8 274.9 310.6 9 265.6 Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname 6 762 4 198.9 1 249.0 5 447.9 951.1 313.9 49.2 1 314.1 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 106 271 55 365.8 50 291.8 105 657.7 – – 613.3 613.3 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 18 789 9 249.2 156.3 9 405.5 6 633.5 2 692.0 58.0 9 383.6 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 563 750 353 719.6 76 128.7 429 848.3 133 775.0 50.1 76.7 133 901.7 Republic of)<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s charcoal, gas and nuclear.<br />

a Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.<br />

b Correspon<strong>de</strong> a carbón, gas y nuclear.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 335<br />

3.5 ENERGÍA / ENERGY<br />

3.5.8 INTENSIDAD ENERGÉTICA DEL PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO<br />

ENERGY INTENSITY OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT<br />

(Consumo total <strong>de</strong> energía (en miles <strong>de</strong> barriles equivalentes <strong>de</strong> petróleo) por millón <strong>de</strong> dólares <strong>de</strong> PIB (a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000)<br />

Total consumption of energy (in thousands of barr<strong>el</strong>s of oil equivalent) multiplied by one million dollars of GDP (in constant 2000 prices))<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 1.13 1.14 1.13 1.22 1.19 1.08 Argentina<br />

Barbados 0.79 0.69 0.72 0.74 0.74 0.72 Barbados<br />

Bolivia 2.68 2.30 2.18 2.09 2.18 2.58 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 1.71 1.83 1.81 1.83 1.84 1.89 Brazil<br />

Chile 1.86 1.91 1.85 1.84 1.81 1.79 Chile<br />

Colombia 2.15 1.98 1.94 1.92 1.86 1.66 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 1.18 1.07 1.09 1.06 1.04 1.08 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 2.29 2.16 2.10 2.03 2.04 2.01 Cuba<br />

Ecuador 2.70 2.89 2.83 2.78 2.70 2.50 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1.63 1.61 1.64 1.60 1.66 1.68 El Salvador<br />

Granada 1.04 1.02 1.12 1.16 1.14 1.14 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 2.31 2.40 2.41 2.42 2.45 2.42 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 9.39 8.21 8.26 7.90 7.90 7.47 Guyana<br />

Haití 3.08 3.43 3.49 3.48 3.46 4.74 Haiti<br />

Honduras 3.53 3.31 3.43 3.48 3.60 3.50 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 1.61 2.08 1.97 2.12 2.10 2.51 Jamaica<br />

México 1.44 1.21 1.17 1.18 1.18 1.21 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 3.94 3.87 3.73 3.87 3.89 3.80 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 1.23 1.18 1.40 1.58 1.34 1.58 Panama<br />

Paraguay 3.77 3.72 3.57 3.65 3.57 3.34 Paraguay<br />

Perú 1.54 1.51 1.46 1.41 1.33 1.30 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 1.97 1.98 1.93 1.89 1.84 1.93 Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname 6.40 6.00 5.91 5.74 5.46 5.32 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 5.95 6.01 7.16 7.02 6.42 6.33 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.94 0.91 0.86 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 2.06 2.00 2.19 2.23 2.52 2.25 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 1.65 1.60 1.60 1.63 1.62 1.62 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

a a Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.<br />

Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.


336 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

3.5 ENERGÍA / ENERGY<br />

3.5.9 CONSUMO DE HIDROCARBUROS POR HABITANTE a<br />

PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION OF HYDROCARBONS a<br />

(Kilogramos <strong>de</strong> petróleo equivalente por habitante / Kilograms of oil equivalent per capita)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 871.9 916.6 825.5 798.8 843.1 806.5 Argentina<br />

Barbados 459.7 584.5 586.8 595.5 607.3 622.7 Barbados<br />

Bolivia 220.7 202.0 188.7 178.8 194.4 217.4 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 439.9 467.8 464.9 460.8 438.5 493.5 Brazil<br />

Chile 664.4 777.4 757.2 755.4 769.8 806.2 Chile<br />

Colombia 317.8 276.2 265.1 264.4 268.1 263.5 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 374.0 412.3 414.7 397.9 403.3 443.3 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 343.5 492.8 490.2 464.1 485.9 514.5 Cuba<br />

Ecuador 371.9 397.1 400.5 402.3 399.7 376.7 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 189.6 223.4 223.9 213.7 224.5 230.8 El Salvador<br />

Granada 318.2 416.3 430.0 444.6 470.0 454.7 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 174.0 205.2 211.6 213.5 222.8 219.5 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 416.2 442.2 446.0 402.9 414.1 406.0 Guyana<br />

Haití 35.1 51.0 55.0 55.6 53.1 68.5 Haiti<br />

Honduras 153.6 163.1 186.4 186.9 200.9 192.5 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 477.5 598.2 592.2 613.3 613.3 751.0 Jamaica<br />

México 782.9 729.0 684.6 692.3 693.9 750.1 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 117.4 139.4 138.9 140.4 141.7 141.6 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 337.4 360.1 414.4 505.1 403.1 452.0 Panama<br />

Paraguay 233.6 199.0 175.0 207.0 210.3 197.1 Paraguay<br />

Perú 256.2 261.1 240.9 235.3 222.8 222.2 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 291.1 441.1 410.1 392.7 352.3 369.6 Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname 983.2 980.5 966.3 930.4 900.2 957.4 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 3 398.5 4 868.5 6 132.2 6 410.9 6 604.4 6 912.4 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 392.9 437.0 407.8 369.5 356.7 380.9 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 1 168.7 1 064.5 1 212.4 1 098.3 1 142.5 1 185.2 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe b 532.2 540.5 531.3 523.4 521.4 553.2 Latin America and the Caribbean b<br />

a Corresponds to oil and natural gas and their <strong>de</strong>rivatives.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Correspon<strong>de</strong> a petróleo, gas natural y sus <strong>de</strong>rivados.<br />

b Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 337<br />

3.5 ENERGÍA / ENERGY<br />

3.5.10 VARIACIÓN ANUAL DEL CONSUMO DE HIDROCARBUROS a<br />

ANNUAL RATE OF VARIATION IN HYDROCARBONS CONSUMPTION a<br />

(Tasa <strong>de</strong> variación media anual / Annual average rate of variation)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 3.8 1.2 -9.0 -2.3 6.6 -3.4 Argentina<br />

Barbados -2.6 -0.7 0.7 1.8 2.2 2.8 Barbados<br />

Bolivia 10.5 -8.7 -4.4 -3.0 11.2 14.3 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 9.5 -0.4 0.8 0.6 -3.5 14.1 Brazil<br />

Chile 9.7 6.4 -1.4 0.9 3.0 5.8 Chile<br />

Colombia 5.9 -2.1 -2.3 1.5 3.1 -0.1 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 4.8 -5.9 2.7 -2.1 3.3 12.0 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba -3.7 11.7 -0.2 -5.0 5.0 6.2 Cuba<br />

Ecuador 4.9 13.6 2.3 1.9 0.8 -4.4 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 10.9 -0.4 2.1 -2.7 7.0 4.6 El Salvador<br />

Granada 7.7 -1.4 3.5 3.5 5.8 -2.9 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 10.8 7.0 5.6 3.4 6.9 1.0 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 8.6 -2.3 1.1 -9.5 3.0 -1.8 Guyana<br />

Haití 395.9 3.6 9.9 3.0 -2.8 31.4 Haiti<br />

Honduras -3.1 -7.9 17.3 2.9 10.2 -1.8 Honduras<br />

Jamaica -18.4 2.5 -0.4 4.1 0.5 23.0 Jamaica<br />

México -1.7 2.8 -4.7 2.6 1.7 9.6 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 5.1 2.2 1.7 3.1 3.0 2.0 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 8.3 0.1 17.3 24.2 -18.7 14.1 Panama<br />

Paraguay 9.4 -18.3 -9.8 21.3 4.1 -4.0 Paraguay<br />

Perú 13.8 -4.3 -6.3 -0.8 -3.9 1.2 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 10.5 6.4 -5.5 -2.6 -8.8 6.6 Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname 0.8 0.4 -0.7 -3.0 -2.6 7.0 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 1.7 -2.8 26.4 4.9 3.3 5.0 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 0.7 -7.4 -6.0 -8.7 -2.8 7.5 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 1.0 -6.6 16.0 -7.7 5.9 5.6 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe b 3.9 0.4 -0.2 – 1.1 7.6 Latin America and the Caribbean b<br />

a Corresponds to oil and natural gas and their <strong>de</strong>rivatives.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Correspon<strong>de</strong> a petróleo, gas natural y sus <strong>de</strong>rivados.<br />

b Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


338 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

3.5 ENERGÍA / ENERGY<br />

3.5.11 CONSUMO DE ENERGÍA ELÉCTRICA POR HABITANTE<br />

PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION OF ELECTRIC POWER<br />

(Kilovatios-hora por habitante / Per capita kilowatt-hours)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 1 586.6 2 051.5 2 043.2 1 963.8 2 113.2 2 216.9 Argentina<br />

Barbados 2 159.9 2 645.9 2 762.7 2 885.3 2 914.4 2 988.5 Barbados<br />

Bolivia 313.5 382.7 402.2 407.4 406.1 409.6 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 1 582.8 1 837.7 1 683.9 1 738.3 1 807.5 1 874.1 Brazil<br />

Chile 1 675.9 2 377.1 2 527.7 2 589.8 2 630.4 2 723.0 Chile<br />

Colombia 904.1 787.8 817.2 815.1 819.6 851.4 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 1 248.8 1 466.7 1 505.5 1 531.5 1 610.8 1 608.6 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 833.0 1 047.8 1 068.1 1 091.5 1 102.9 1 081.7 Cuba<br />

Ecuador 562.3 641.9 649.4 639.7 651.5 824.2 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 487.6 587.3 586.7 635.0 729.0 727.4 El Salvador<br />

Granada 761.3 1 115.8 1 218.0 1 269.2 1 341.3 1 298.0 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 294.6 340.2 363.2 476.7 480.6 501.8 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 591.3 943.2 962.8 945.8 859.5 874.4 Guyana<br />

Haití 29.8 34.8 34.2 29.6 32.1 36.2 Haiti<br />

Honduras 345.6 496.7 506.0 519.6 545.2 573.0 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 1 968.5 2 334.1 2 338.6 2 412.0 2 480.1 2 453.0 Jamaica<br />

México 1 243.8 1 580.0 1 575.7 1 591.6 1 553.6 1 546.0 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 267.7 324.9 319.5 321.3 313.7 319.9 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 1 058.8 1 289.4 1 262.0 1 358.9 1 398.8 1 468.1 Panama<br />

Paraguay 741.8 811.5 796.6 762.8 728.7 731.0 Paraguay<br />

Perú 539.1 668.2 692.9 723.0 744.4 772.3 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 479.4 707.1 1 019.1 1 308.6 1 348.6 1 357.5 Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname 3 034.2 2 999.9 3 011.5 3 014.9 3 018.9 3 025.8 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 2 878.5 3 739.1 3 844.1 3 831.6 4 529.5 4 575.3 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 1 553.2 1 924.4 1 907.2 1 820.5 1 751.9 1 824.1 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 2 489.9 2 518.8 2 591.9 2 472.3 2 433.7 2 606.6 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 1 276.2 1 502.2 1 466.1 1 486.9 1 517.7 1 565.4 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 339<br />

3.5 ENERGÍA / ENERGY<br />

3.5.12 VARIACIÓN ANUAL DEL CONSUMO DE ENERGÍA ELÉCTRICA<br />

ANNUAL RATE OF VARIATION IN CONSUMPTION OF ELECTRIC POWER<br />

(Tasa <strong>de</strong> variación media anual / Annual average rate of variation)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 5.4 6.5 0.6 -3.0 8.6 5.9 Argentina<br />

Barbados 7.4 -1.7 4.7 4.7 1.3 2.8 Barbados<br />

Bolivia 10.5 1.5 7.5 3.7 1.9 3.1 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 6.0 5.2 -7.0 4.7 5.5 5.1 Brazil<br />

Chile 11.8 5.5 7.6 3.6 2.7 4.6 Chile<br />

Colombia 4.4 4.0 5.6 1.5 2.3 5.6 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 2.7 7.7 4.8 3.8 7.2 1.7 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 2.4 6.2 2.3 2.5 1.3 -1.6 Cuba<br />

Ecuador 5.3 1.9 2.7 -0.1 3.3 28.3 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 9.9 5.4 1.8 10.3 16.9 1.6 El Salvador<br />

Granada 22.1 14.4 9.3 4.3 5.8 -2.9 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 6.9 -4.0 9.4 34.5 3.4 7.0 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 0.9 5.8 2.4 -1.5 -8.9 1.9 Guyana<br />

Haití 72.0 -7.4 – -11.6 10.1 15.0 Haiti<br />

Honduras 18.5 14.2 4.6 5.3 7.6 7.7 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 15.5 2.9 0.8 3.7 3.3 -0.6 Jamaica<br />

México 3.5 7.7 1.2 2.5 -1.0 0.9 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 5.8 3.3 0.4 2.6 -0.3 4.0 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 8.9 3.2 -0.3 9.7 4.8 6.8 Panama<br />

Paraguay 17.5 4.4 0.7 -1.8 -2.1 2.8 Paraguay<br />

Perú 3.9 5.1 5.3 5.9 4.5 5.3 Peru<br />

República Dominicana -3.9 12.3 46.5 30.5 4.7 2.3 Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname 0.4 0.5 1.2 0.8 0.8 0.9 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 4.4 5.3 3.1 – 18.6 1.3 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 6.1 3.6 -0.2 -3.9 -3.1 4.8 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 2.8 3.6 4.8 -2.9 0.2 9.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 5.3 5.6 -0.9 2.9 3.6 4.6 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


340 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

3.5 ENERGÍA / ENERGY<br />

3.5.13 ENERGÍA HIDROELÉCTRICA COMO PROPORCIÓN DE LA GENERACIÓN DE ELECTRICIDAD<br />

HYDROELECTRIC POWER AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATION<br />

(Porcentaje / Percentage)<br />

País 1995 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Country<br />

Argentina 40.2 26.3 32.4 44.4 44.5 36.7 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 45.8 43.9 43.9 43.9 53.6 54.0 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 92.1 87.5 87.3 81.7 80.0 79.5 Brazil<br />

Chile 61.6 35.4 46.2 49.4 51.0 53.7 Chile<br />

Colombia 71.2 76.4 73.0 72.8 72.7 75.4 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 74.8 81.2 80.9 81.5 81.5 79.6 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 6.1 0.5 Cuba<br />

Ecuador 80.8 70.0 80.0 64.0 64.0 62.2 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 43.3 46.9 33.1 29.7 30.0 35.8 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 55.8 50.8 44.1 32.9 37.9 33.2 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 1.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 – – Guyana<br />

Haití 43.0 41.9 41.9 40.6 38.5 38.5 Haiti<br />

Honduras 73.8 62.1 76.8 73.2 48.5 38.5 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 2.1 1.8 2.2 2.3 – 4.9 Jamaica<br />

México 19.2 14.3 14.5 12.6 14.3 9.7 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 19.2 19.1 11.8 15.9 8.0 11.5 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 68.7 63.4 70.3 74.1 48.8 50.6 Panama<br />

Paraguay 99.7 99.9 99.9 99.9 100.0 100.0 Paraguay<br />

Perú 79.0 76.3 81.2 76.5 84.7 80.9 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 30.6 14.9 9.6 7.2 12.8 11.6 Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname 79.2 79.9 79.9 82.1 64.2 64.2 Suriname<br />

Uruguay 92.9 76.4 92.9 93.4 99.4 99.4 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 74.3 75.1 73.7 67.1 67.2 67.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 65.2 56.2 57.5 56.1 56.4 56.3 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 341<br />

3.5 ENERGÍA / ENERGY<br />

3.5.14 PRODUCCIÓN DE ENERGÍA ELÉCTRICA POR TIPOS DE CENTRAL<br />

PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY BY TYPE OF PLANT<br />

(Millones <strong>de</strong> kilovatios-hora / Millions of kilowatt-hours)<br />

Hidro<strong>el</strong>éctrica Geotérmica<br />

Térmica convencional<br />

Total Nuclear<br />

Hydro<strong>el</strong>ectric Geothermal Conventional thermal<br />

País Country<br />

1980 1998 2001 2003 1980 1998 2001 2003 1980 1998 2001 2003 1980 1998 2001 2003 1980 1998 2001 2003<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 60 99 … … … ... … … … … … … … … … … 60 99 … … Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 39 676 74 229 90 007 92 053 15 148 26 364 40 053 33 777 ... 33 90 75 2 340 7 453 7 651 7 566 22 188 40 379 42 213 50 635 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 853 1 532 ... … ... ... ... … ... ... ... … ... ... ... ... 853 1 532 ... … Bahamas<br />

Barbados 332 747 828 … ... ... ... … ... ... ... … ... ... ... ... 332 747 828 … Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 54 183 ... … ... 66 ... … ... ... ... … ... ... ... ... 54 117 ... … B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 1 564 3 685 3 973 4 270 1 080 1 614 2 129 2 307 ... ... ... … ... ... ... ... 484 2 071 1 844 1 963 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 139 485 321 588 327 242 364 845 128 907 291 371 261 793 290 006 ... ... ... … ... 3 265 14 268 14 080 10 578 26 952 51 181 60 759 Brazil<br />

Chile 11 751 35 503 42 532 45 055 7 343 15 940 21 680 24 177 ... ... ... … ... ... ... ... 4 408 19 563 22 187 20 878 Chile<br />

Colombia 22 935 45 960 43 463 47 682 16 717 30 782 31 577 35 952 ... ... ... … ... ... ... ... 6 218 15 178 11 886 11 730 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 2 226 5 866 6 940 7 565 2 127 4 687 5 658 6 022 ... 670 1 172 1 386 ... ... ... ... 99 444 110 157 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 9 990 14 149 15 301 15 909 97 97 929 78 ... ... ... … ... ... ... ... 9 893 14 052 14 372 15 831 Cuba<br />

Dominica 11 70 ... … 9 33 ... … ... ... ... … ... ... ... ... 2 37 ... … Dominica<br />

Ecuador 3 352 10 896 11 050 11 502 887 7 234 7 072 7 153 ... ... ... … ... ... ... ... 2 465 3 662 3 978 4 349 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1 543 3 821 3 878 4 764 1 078 1 508 1 164 1 705 365 485 966 1 129 ... ... ... ... 100 1 828 1 747 1 930 El Salvador<br />

Granada 25 112 146 … ... ... ... … ... ... ... … ... ... ... ... 25 112 146 … Grenada<br />

Guatemala 1 617 4 491 5 856 6 561 278 2 076 2 220 2 177 ... ... 194 195 ... ... ... ... 1 339 2 415 3 442 4 189 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 419 854 901 820 5 5 ... – ... ... ... … ... ... ... ... 414 849 901 820 Guyana<br />

Haití 315 691 605 512 220 278 233 197 ... ... ... … ... ... ... ... 95 413 372 315 Haiti<br />

Honduras 928 3 541 3 917 4 530 783 1 923 1 901 1 745 ... ... ... … ... ... ... ... 145 1 618 2 017 2 785 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 2 195 6 480 6 656 7 146 120 142 ... 353 ... ... ... … ... ... ... ... 2 075 6 338 6 656 6 793 Jamaica<br />

México 66 954 183 642 197 236 203 735 16 910 24 671 28 146 19 753 915 5 667 5 647 5 945 ... 9 265 8 836 10 502 49 129 144 038 154 607 167 535 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 1 068 2 153 2 473 2 590 511 412 197 297 ... 657 ... 271 ... ... ... ... 557 1 084 2 276 2 022 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 1 957 4 339 5 125 5 671 963 2 139 2 499 2 871 ... ... ... … ... ... ... ... 994 2 200 2 625 2 800 Panama<br />

Paraguay 776 50 874 45 311 51 761 676 50 824 45 310 51 761 ... ... ... … ... ... ... ... 100 50 1 – Paraguay<br />

Perú 9 805 18 583 20 786 22 927 7 622 13 809 17 615 18 538 ... ... 1 … ... ... ... ... 2 183 4 774 3 170 4 389 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 3 317 7 693 10 307 13 489 578 2 421 1 319 1 562 ... ... ... … ... ... ... ... 2 739 5 272 8 988 11 927 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... 93 ... … ... ... ... … ... ... ... … ... ... ... ... ... 93 ... … Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

Santa Lucía 58 237 ... … ... ... ... … ... ... ... … ... ... ... ... 58 237 ... … Saint Lucia<br />

San Vicente y las Saint Vincent and<br />

Granadinas 27 85 ... … 17 22 ... … ... ... ... … ... ... ... ... 10 63 ... … the Grenadines<br />

Suriname 1 577 1 621 1 467 1 496 892 1 294 942 960 ... ... ... … ... ... ... ... 685 327 526 536 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 2 056 5 191 5 643 … ... ... – … ... ... ... … ... ... ... ... 2 056 5 191 5 643 … Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 3 355 9 569 9 250 8 578 2 273 9 152 9 194 8 529 ... ... ... … ... ... ... ... 1 082 417 56 49 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 35 932 82 004 89 973 89 817 14 337 58 556 60 453 60 177 ... ... ... … ... ... ... ... 21 595 23 448 29 520 29 640 Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y Latin America and<br />

<strong>el</strong> Caribe a 366 213 900 581 958 368 1 013 278 219 578 547 420 601 801 570 097 1 280 7 512 7 383 9 001 2 340 19 983 23 283 32 148 143 015 325 600 325 901 402 032 the Caribbean a<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


342 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

3.5 ENERGÍA / ENERGY<br />

3.5.15 CAPACIDAD INSTALADA PARA PRODUCIR ENERGÍA ELÉCTRICA<br />

INSTALLED CAPACITY FOR PRODUCING ELECTRICITY<br />

(Megavatios / Megawatts)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 20 252.9 25 957.3 27 558.5 27 843.4 30 599.1 28 184.9 Argentina<br />

Barbados 152.5 165.5 165.5 209.5 209.5 209.5 Barbados<br />

Bolivia 828.2 1 324.9 1 227.3 1 387.1 1 353.3 1 449.9 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 59 092.0 73 600.0 76 139.0 82 458.0 86 504.6 90 732.7 Brazil<br />

Chile 5 872.0 9 729.0 10 269.0 10 503.0 10 738.1 10 738.1 Chile<br />

Colombia 10 424.1 12 714.6 13 462.6 13 852.5 13 653.5 13 398.5 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 1 228.1 1 703.7 1 714.5 1 803.0 1 939.0 1 961.3 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 3 991.1 4 286.5 4 410.9 3 959.1 3 959.1 3 957.2 Cuba<br />

Ecuador 2 488.4 3 498.9 3 136.2 3 268.5 3 301.9 3 301.9 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 924.4 1 118.2 1 191.8 1 136.2 1 219.0 1 105.5 El Salvador<br />

Granada 25.1 43.1 42.5 32.0 32.0 32.0 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 973.5 1 693.7 1 697.4 1 512.7 2 009.1 2 015.8 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 157.0 300.9 300.9 308.0 308.0 308.0 Guyana<br />

Haití 216.5 239.5 244.0 244.0 244.0 244.0 Haiti<br />

Honduras 760.1 911.5 923.1 1 045.1 1 044.0 1 041.2 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 624.9 897.2 811.3 782.4 810.7 810.7 Jamaica<br />

México 40 501.6 41 724.1 42 483.5 45 760.6 49 538.2 52 979.7 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 451.4 645.2 641.3 671.6 692.6 755.6 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 921.2 1 247.6 1 259.7 1 423.1 1 555.2 1 583.2 Panama<br />

Paraguay 6 908.5 7 428.5 7 416.1 7 416.1 7 416.1 8 116.1 Paraguay<br />

Perú 4 552.5 6 066.0 5 905.8 5 935.5 5 970.1 6 016.4 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 2 497.1 3 080.5 5 082.4 5 112.2 5 530.3 3 290.3 Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname 389.0 389.0 389.0 389.0 389.0 389.0 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 1 253.0 1 417.0 1 416.7 1 416.0 1 416.0 1 416.0 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 2 171.0 2 178.0 2 168.0 2 172.0 2 171.0 2 169.0 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 19 071.0 21 233.0 21 318.0 20 577.0 20 577.0 22 124.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 186 727.1 223 593.4 231 374.9 241 217.7 253 180.2 258 330.4 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 343<br />

3.6 AIRE Y ATMÓSFERA / AIR AND ATMOSPHERE<br />

3.6.1 CONSUMO DE SUSTANCIAS QUE AGOTAN LA CAPA DE OZONO<br />

CONSUMPTION OF SUBSTANCES THAT DEPLETE THE OZONE LAYER<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> ton<strong>el</strong>adas / Thousands of tons)<br />

País Sustancia 1995 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Substance Country<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice Clorofl uorocarbonos CFCs a 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.01 Chlorofl uorocarbons (CFCs) a B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Hidroclorofl uorocarbonos HCFCs b 0.01 0.01 – 0.02 ... ... Hydrochlorofl uorocarbons (HCFCs) b<br />

Brasil Clorofl uorocarbonos CFCs 10.90 11.60 9.30 6.20 3.00 3.30 Chlorofl uorocarbons (CFCs) Brazil<br />

Hidroclorofl uorocarbonos HCFCs 0.20 0.50 0.60 0.80 0.70 0.80 Hydrochlorofl uorocarbons (HCFCs)<br />

Bromuro <strong>de</strong> metilo 0.70 0.40 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.20 Methyl bromi<strong>de</strong><br />

Chile Clorofl uorocarbonos CFCs 0.90 0.70 0.60 0.50 ... ... Chlorofl uorocarbons (CFCs) Chile<br />

Hidroclorofl uorocarbonos HCFCs 0.40 0.70 0.90 0.80 ... ... Hydrochlorofl uorocarbons (HCFCs)<br />

Bromuro <strong>de</strong> metilo 0.30 0.20 0.50 0.50 ... ... Methyl bromi<strong>de</strong><br />

Cuba Clorofl uorocarbonos CFCs 0.55 0.57 0.54 0.51 0.49 0.48 Chlorofl uorocarbons (CFCs) Cuba<br />

Hidroclorofl uorocarbonos HCFCs ... 0.21 0.16 0.18 0.08 0.07 Hydrochlorofl uorocarbons (HCFCs)<br />

Bromuro <strong>de</strong> metilo 0.10 0.10 – – – – Methyl bromi<strong>de</strong><br />

El Salvador Clorofl uorocarbonos CFCs c ... 0.11 0.10 0.12 0.09 0.10 Chlorofl uorocarbons (CFCs) c El Salvador<br />

México Clorofl uorocarbonos CFCs 4.88 2.87 3.07 2.23 1.96 1.99 Chlorofl uorocarbons (CFCs) Mexico<br />

Hidroclorofl uorocarbonos HCFCs 4.86 13.00 20.00 14.40 9.75 9.40 Hydrochlorofl uorocarbons (HCFCs)<br />

Bromuro <strong>de</strong> metilo 2.40 1.40 1.40 1.80 1.80 1.60 Methyl bromi<strong>de</strong><br />

Panamá Clorofl uorocarbonos CFCs a 0.44 0.30 0.25 0.18 0.20 0.17 Chlorofl uorocarbons (CFCs) a Panama<br />

Hidroclorofl uorocarbonos HCFCs 0.30 0.27 0.20 0.22 0.17 0.29 Hydrochlorofl uorocarbons (HCFCs)<br />

Bromuro <strong>de</strong> metilo – – – – – – Methyl bromi<strong>de</strong><br />

Paraguay Clorofl uorocarbonos CFCs 0.21 0.38 0.15 0.12 0.09 0.09 Chlorofl uorocarbons (CFCs) Paraguay<br />

Hidroclorofl uorocarbonos HCFCs ... 0.42 0.38 0.38 0.10 0.12 Hydrochlorofl uorocarbons (HCFCs)<br />

Bromuro <strong>de</strong> metilo – ... ... – ... – Methyl bromi<strong>de</strong><br />

República Dominicana Clorofl uorocarbonos CFCs 0.56 0.75 0.40 0.48 0.33 0.27 Chlorofl uorocarbons (CFCs) Dominican Republic<br />

Hidroclorofl uorocarbonos HCFCs d 0.23 0.56 0.47 0.49 0.74 0.46 Hydrochlorofl uorocarbons (HCFCs) d<br />

Bromuro <strong>de</strong> metilo d 0.20 – – – – – Methyl bromi<strong>de</strong> d<br />

a Refers to the import of CFC-11, CFC-12 and CFC-115.<br />

b Refers to HCFC-22 imports.<br />

c Refers to the sum of CFC-11 and CFC-12.<br />

d Refers only to imports.<br />

a Correspon<strong>de</strong> a la importación <strong>de</strong> CFC-11, CFC-12 y CFC-115.<br />

b Correspon<strong>de</strong> a la importación <strong>de</strong> HCFC-22.<br />

c Correspon<strong>de</strong> a la suma <strong>de</strong> CFC-11 y CFC-12.<br />

d Correspon<strong>de</strong> solo a importaciones.


344 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

3.6 AIRE Y ATMÓSFERA / AIR AND ATMOSPHERE<br />

3.6.2 EMISIONES DE DIÓXIDO DE CARBONO (CO ), POR FUENTE EMISORA<br />

2<br />

CARBON DIOXIDE (CO ) EMISSIONS, BY SOURCE<br />

2<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> ton<strong>el</strong>adas / Thousands of tons)<br />

Country<br />

Year<br />

Fuente emisora / Emission source<br />

Año<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> emisiones<br />

Total emissions Energía (producción y uso) Procesos industriales<br />

Energy (production and use) Industrial processes<br />

País<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 1994 598.1 597.8 0.3 1994 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 1990 5 386.2 5 072.2 314.0 1990 Bolivia<br />

1994 8 146.3 7 682.8 463.5 1994<br />

1998 8 930.9 8 276.9 654.0 1998<br />

2000 7 782.8 7 175.4 607.5 2000<br />

Chile 1990 34 853.6 32 971.4 a 1 882.2 1990 Chile<br />

1991 33 952.0 31 960.8 a 1 991.2 1991<br />

1992 35 402.9 32 987.9 a 2 415.0 1992<br />

1993 37 615.4 34 976.8 a 2 638.6 1993<br />

1994 41 152.7 38 575.1 a 2 577.6 1994<br />

1995 43 424.1 40 788.2 a 2 635.9 1995<br />

1996 50 061.4 47 058.9 a 3 002.5 1996<br />

1997 55 897.1 52 938.9 a 2 958.2 1997<br />

1998 56 535.8 53 455.6 a 3 080.2 1998<br />

Colombia 1990 51 630.5 46 886.0 4 744.5 1990 Colombia<br />

1994 60 563.7 55 351.7 5 212.0 1994<br />

Cuba 1990 35 461.4 33 155.1 2 306.3 1990 Cuba<br />

1994 23 522.6 22 582.0 940.6 1994<br />

1996 26 512.9 25 296.1 1 216.8 1996<br />

El Salvador 1994 4 714.3 4 224.2 490.1 1994 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 1990 4 245.1 3 700.4 544.7 1990 Guatemala<br />

México 1990 b 308 631.0 297 010.0 11 621.0 1990 b Mexico<br />

1994 b 351 459.7 314 352.2 37 107.6 1994 b<br />

1996 b 356 745.9 314 730.3 42 015.6 1996 b<br />

1998 b 394 726.0 350 380.4 44 345.6 1998 b<br />

Panamá 1994 6 286.1 5 873.1 412.9 1994 Panama<br />

Perú 1994 30 631.1 20 770.5 9 860.6 1994 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 1990 8 716.7 8 175.6 541.1 1990 Dominican Republic<br />

1994 15 003.1 14 359.3 643.8 1994<br />

a Also comprises emissions from land transport, other mobile sources, industrial combustion, non-industrial<br />

combustion and stationary (fi xed) sources.<br />

b The methodology applied to 1990 statistics differs in some respects from that applied to data for 1994, 1996<br />

and 1998; caution must therefore be exercised in making comparisons between them.<br />

a También compren<strong>de</strong> emisiones <strong>de</strong> transporte terrestre, otras fuentes móviles, combustión industrial, combustión<br />

no industrial y fuentes estacionarias (fi jas).<br />

b La metodología aplicada a la estadística <strong>de</strong> 1990 tiene algunas diferencias con la aplicada a los datos <strong>de</strong> 1994,<br />

1996 y 1998, por lo que las comparaciones entre estas <strong>de</strong>ben tomarse con reserva.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 345<br />

3.6 AIRE Y ATMÓSFERA / AIR AND ATMOSPHERE<br />

3.6.3 EMISIONES DE METANO (CH ), POR FUENTE EMISORA<br />

4<br />

METHANE (CH ) EMISSIONS, BY SOURCE<br />

4<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> ton<strong>el</strong>adas / Thousands of tons)<br />

Year Country<br />

Fuente emisora / Emission source<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> emisiones<br />

Total emissions Energía (producción y uso) Agricultura Otras fuentes emisoras<br />

Energy (production and use) Agriculture Other sources of emissions<br />

País Año<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 1994 271.5 0.2 5.2 266.1 1994 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 1990 495.7 44.0 397.1 54.6 1990 Bolivia<br />

1994 635.8 94.0 441.7 100.1 1994<br />

1998 666.0 51.9 486.6 127.5 1998<br />

2000 706.0 38.6 516.4 151.1 2000<br />

Chile 1990 748.1 352.7 286.2 109.3 1990 Chile<br />

1991 781.2 357.9 296.8 126.5 1991<br />

1992 787.6 362.6 310.2 114.8 1992<br />

1993 828.6 371.9 322.0 134.7 1993<br />

1994 863.7 382.1 333.7 147.9 1994<br />

1995 869.9 392.4 344.0 131.4 1995<br />

1996 906.1 398.3 354.9 152.9 1996<br />

1997 928.6 410.8 364.8 153.0 1997<br />

1998 1 037.6 425.0 375.7 236.9 1998<br />

Colombia 1990 1 973.8 268.3 1 517.2 188.3 1990 Colombia<br />

1994 2 115.7 284.4 1 634.3 197.0 1994<br />

Cuba 1990 324.3 10.6 173.7 140.0 1990 Cuba<br />

1994 269.8 6.0 168.6 95.2 1994<br />

1996 315.9 47.1 168.6 100.2 1996<br />

El Salvador 1994 148.5 18.1 88.1 42.3 a 1994 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 1990 199.6 34.4 129.9 35.3 1990 Guatemala<br />

México 1990 3 641.7 1 081.4 1 793.3 767.0 1990 Mexico<br />

1994 6 594.9 2 213.7 2 233.7 2 147.4 1994<br />

1996 7 754.7 2 456.5 2 170.6 3 127.5 1996<br />

1998 8 060.7 2 634.2 2 059.1 3 367.3 1998<br />

Panamá 1994 230.4 0.1 94.1 136.2 b 1994 Panama<br />

Paraguay 1990 1 003.8 – 642.0 361.7 c 1990 Paraguay<br />

1994 3 093.3 0.1 3 016.4 76.9 c 1994<br />

Perú 1994 811.6 53.2 471.5 287.0 1994 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 1990 149.9 10.7 71.8 67.3 1990 Dominican Republic<br />

1994 227.5 15.7 86.2 125.5 1994<br />

a The category “other sources”also inclu<strong>de</strong>s wastes, land use, changes in land use and forest activities.<br />

b The category “other sources of emissions” inclu<strong>de</strong>s emissions caused by changes in land use and wastes<br />

(waste disposal).<br />

c The category “other sources of emissions” inclu<strong>de</strong>s changes in land use and wastes.<br />

a La categoría “otras fuentes” también compren<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sechos, uso <strong>de</strong>l su<strong>el</strong>o, cambio <strong>de</strong>l uso <strong>de</strong>l su<strong>el</strong>o y activida<strong>de</strong>s forestales.<br />

b La categoría “otras fuentes emisoras” también compren<strong>de</strong> las emisiones producto <strong>de</strong> cambio <strong>de</strong>l uso <strong>de</strong>l su<strong>el</strong>o y <strong>de</strong>sperdicios<br />

(<strong>el</strong>iminación <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sechos).<br />

c La categoría “otras fuentes emisoras” compren<strong>de</strong> cambio <strong>de</strong> uso <strong>de</strong>l su<strong>el</strong>o y <strong>de</strong>sperdicios.


346 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

3.6 AIRE Y ATMÓSFERA / AIR AND ATMOSPHERE<br />

3.6.4 EMISIONES DE ÓXIDO NITROSO (N O), POR FUENTE EMISORA<br />

2<br />

NITROUS OXIDE (N O) EMISSIONS, BY SOURCE<br />

2<br />

(Miles <strong>de</strong> ton<strong>el</strong>adas / Thousands of tons)<br />

Year Country<br />

Fuente emisora / Emission source<br />

Total <strong>de</strong> emisiones<br />

Total emissions Energía (producción y uso) Agricultura Otras fuentes emisoras<br />

Energy (production and use) Agriculture Other sources of emissions<br />

País Año<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 1994 0.59 0.01 0.52 0.06 1994 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 1990 2.21 0.22 1.35 0.64 1990 Bolivia<br />

1994 3.34 0.28 2.15 0.91 1994<br />

1998 3.33 0.29 2.09 0.95 1998<br />

2000 3.62 0.27 2.25 1.10 2000<br />

Colombia 1990 79.40 1.30 76.00 2.10 1990 Colombia<br />

1994 91.30 1.50 87.50 2.30 1994<br />

Cuba 1990 67.20 1.06 62.80 3.33 1990 Cuba<br />

1994 25.30 0.66 24.47 0.17 1994<br />

1996 22.70 0.94 21.70 0.01 1996<br />

El Salvador 1994 13.21 0.52 12.69 – 1994 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 1990 20.70 0.52 19.70 0.50 a 1990 Guatemala<br />

México 1990 11.80 3.96 5.82 2.00 1990 Mexico<br />

1994 43.83 8.66 32.93 2.24 1994<br />

1996 46.50 9.91 32.60 4.06 1996<br />

1998 47.50 11.30 36.20 – 1998<br />

Panamá 1994 9.42 – 8.87 0.55 b 1994 Panama<br />

Paraguay 1990 96.70 0.48 95.20 1.09 c 1990 Paraguay<br />

1994 236.70 0.63 235.30 0.77 c 1994<br />

Perú 1994 44.90 0.86 41.64 2.40 1994 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 1990 2.74 0.22 2.49 0.03 1990 Dominican Republic<br />

1994 2.55 0.32 2.19 0.04 1994<br />

a The category “other sources of emissions” also inclu<strong>de</strong>s changes in land use, forestry and wastes.<br />

b The category “other sources of emissions” inclu<strong>de</strong>s emissions caused by changes in land use and wastes<br />

(waste disposal).<br />

c The category “other sources of emissions” inclu<strong>de</strong>s changes in land use and wastes.<br />

a La categoría “otras fuentes emisoras” también compren<strong>de</strong> cambio <strong>de</strong>l uso <strong>de</strong>l su<strong>el</strong>o, silvicultura y <strong>de</strong>sechos.<br />

b La categoría “otras fuentes emisoras” también compren<strong>de</strong> las emisiones producto <strong>de</strong> cambio <strong>de</strong>l uso <strong>de</strong>l su<strong>el</strong>o y <strong>de</strong>sperdicios<br />

(<strong>el</strong>iminación <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sechos).<br />

c La categoría “otras fuentes emisoras” compren<strong>de</strong> cambio <strong>de</strong> uso <strong>de</strong>l su<strong>el</strong>o y <strong>de</strong>sperdicios.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 347<br />

3.7 DESASTRES NATURALES / NATURAL DISASTERS<br />

a b<br />

a b<br />

3.7.1 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: DESASTRES NATURALES<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: NATURAL DISASTERS<br />

Desastres naturales Región 1995 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Region Natural disasters<br />

Inundaciones Caribe c Caribbean c Floods<br />

Número <strong>de</strong> eventos 1 1 2 1 4 6 Number of events<br />

Personas afectadas 33 180 50 1 875 5 081 100 085 97 999 Persons affected<br />

Pérdidas humanas 0 13 18 37 40 99 Human <strong>de</strong>aths<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> d Latin America d<br />

Número <strong>de</strong> eventos 14 20 27 22 29 26 Number of events<br />

Personas afectadas 456 982 2 437 420 447 501 676 507 2 397 641 655 552 Persons affected<br />

Pérdidas humanas 298 30 852 454 216 1 294 424 Human <strong>de</strong>aths<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> <strong>el</strong> Caribe e Latin America and the Caribbean e<br />

Número <strong>de</strong> eventos 15 21 29 23 33 32 Number of events<br />

Personas afectadas 490 162 2 437 470 449 376 681 588 2 497 726 753 551 Persons affected<br />

Pérdidas humanas 298 30 865 472 253 1 334 523 Human <strong>de</strong>aths<br />

Deslizamientos Caribe c Caribbean c Landsli<strong>de</strong>s<br />

Número <strong>de</strong> eventos 0 0 0 0 0 0 Number of events<br />

Personas afectadas 0 0 0 0 0 0 Persons affected<br />

Pérdidas humanas 0 0 0 0 0 0 Human <strong>de</strong>aths<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> d Latin America d<br />

Número <strong>de</strong> eventos 4 4 6 3 5 4 Number of events<br />

Personas afectadas 2 000 4 609 143 585 182 3 974 2 181 Persons affected<br />

Pérdidas humanas 319 47 183 61 70 35 Human <strong>de</strong>aths<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe e Latin America and the Caribbean e<br />

Número <strong>de</strong> eventos 4 4 6 3 5 4 Number of events<br />

Personas afectadas 2 000 4 609 143 585 182 3 974 2 181 Persons affected<br />

Pérdidas humanas 319 47 183 61 70 35 Human <strong>de</strong>aths<br />

Sequías Caribe c Caribbean c Droughts<br />

Número <strong>de</strong> eventos 0 0 2 1 0 1 Number of events<br />

Personas afectadas 0 0 0 0 0 35 000 Persons affected<br />

Pérdidas humanas 0 0 0 0 0 0 Human <strong>de</strong>aths<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> d Latin America d<br />

Número <strong>de</strong> eventos 1 4 7 5 5 1 Number of events<br />

Personas afectadas 0 667 000 36 125 2 505 275 143 500 0 Persons affected<br />

Pérdidas humanas 0 0 0 41 12 0 Human <strong>de</strong>aths<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe e Latin America and the Caribbean e<br />

Número <strong>de</strong> eventos 1 4 9 6 5 2 Number of events<br />

Personas afectadas 0 667 000 36 125 2 505 275 143 500 35 000 Persons affected<br />

Pérdidas humanas 0 0 0 41 12 0 Human <strong>de</strong>aths<br />

Huracanes Caribe c Caribbean c Hurricanes<br />

Número <strong>de</strong> eventos 5 7 0 3 6 0 Number of events<br />

Personas afectadas 73 666 327 912 0 5 900 387 285 220 0 Persons affected<br />

Pérdidas humanas 5 8 0 9 7 0 Human <strong>de</strong>aths<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> d Latin America d<br />

Número <strong>de</strong> eventos 5 1 4 5 4 2 Number of events<br />

Personas afectadas 63 822 4 000 94 970 141 433 11 154 9 000 Persons affected<br />

Pérdidas humanas 171 9 39 78 1 4 Human <strong>de</strong>aths<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe e Latin America and the Caribbean e<br />

Número <strong>de</strong> eventos 10 8 4 8 10 2 Number of events<br />

Personas afectadas 137 488 331 912 94 970 6 041 820 296 374 9 000 Persons affected<br />

Pérdidas humanas 176 17 39 87 8 4 Human <strong>de</strong>aths


348 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

3.7 DESASTRES NATURALES / NATURAL DISASTERS<br />

3.7.1 AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE: DESASTRES NATURALES a b (conclusión)<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: NATURAL DISASTERS a b (conclu<strong>de</strong>d)<br />

Desastres naturales Región 1995 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Region Natural disasters<br />

Terremotos Caribe c Caribbean c Earthquakes<br />

Número <strong>de</strong> eventos 0 0 0 0 0 1 Number of events<br />

Personas afectadas 0 0 0 0 0 2 015 Persons affected<br />

Pérdidas humanas 0 0 0 0 0 3 Human <strong>de</strong>aths<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> d Latin America d<br />

Número <strong>de</strong> eventos 9 7 2 6 1 3 Number of events<br />

Personas afectadas 88 059 1 352 258 7 908 1 944 800 727 180 153 Persons affected<br />

Pérdidas humanas 125 1 235 9 1 316 0 33 Human <strong>de</strong>aths<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe e Latin America and the Caribbean e<br />

Número <strong>de</strong> eventos 9 7 2 6 1 4 Number of events<br />

Personas afectadas 88 059 1 352 258 7 908 1 944 800 727 182 168 Persons affected<br />

Pérdidas humanas 125 1 235 9 1 316 0 36 Human <strong>de</strong>aths<br />

Erupciones volcánicas Caribe c Caribbean c Volcanic eruptions<br />

Número <strong>de</strong> eventos 0 0 0 0 0 0 Number of events<br />

Personas afectadas 0 0 0 0 0 0 Persons affected<br />

Pérdidas humanas 0 0 0 0 0 0 Human <strong>de</strong>aths<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> d Latin America d<br />

Número <strong>de</strong> eventos 0 2 1 2 3 1 Number of events<br />

Personas afectadas 12 000 31 045 41 800 22 770 149 650 25 000 Persons affected<br />

Pérdidas humanas 0 0 0 0 0 0 Human <strong>de</strong>aths<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe e Latin America and the Caribbean e<br />

Número <strong>de</strong> eventos 0 2 1 2 3 1 Number of events<br />

Personas afectadas 12 000 31 045 41 800 22 770 149 650 25 000 Persons affected<br />

Pérdidas humanas 0 0 0 0 0 0 Human <strong>de</strong>aths<br />

Maremotos y tsunamis Caribe c Caribbean c Tidal waves and tsunamis<br />

Número <strong>de</strong> eventos ... 0 0 0 0 0 Number of events<br />

Personas afectadas ... 0 0 0 0 0 Persons affected<br />

Pérdidas humanas ... 0 0 0 0 0 Human <strong>de</strong>aths<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> d Latin America d<br />

Número <strong>de</strong> eventos ... 1 0 0 1 0 Number of events<br />

Personas afectadas ... 1 100 0 0 1 720 0 Persons affected<br />

Pérdidas humanas ... 3 0 0 0 0 Human <strong>de</strong>aths<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe e Latin America and the Caribbean e<br />

Número <strong>de</strong> eventos ... 1 0 0 1 0 Number of events<br />

Personas afectadas ... 1 100 0 0 1 720 0 Persons affected<br />

Pérdidas humanas ... 3 0 0 0 0 Human <strong>de</strong>aths<br />

a For the purposes of the subregional calculation and based on spatial criteria, Cuba, Haiti and the Dominican Republic<br />

were consi<strong>de</strong>red to be part of the Caribbean.<br />

b Whenever information is not available on a country or year, the value is assumed to be equal to zero in the subregional<br />

and regional total.<br />

c Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti,<br />

Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.<br />

d Argentina, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador,<br />

Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.<br />

e Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile,<br />

Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana,<br />

Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the<br />

Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

a Atendiendo a un criterio espacial, Cuba, Haití y República Dominicana se consi<strong>de</strong>raron parte <strong>de</strong>l Caribe en<br />

<strong>el</strong> cálculo subregional.<br />

b Cuando no se dispone <strong>de</strong> información sobre un país o año se supone un valor igual a cero en la sumatoria<br />

subregional y regional.<br />

c Antigua y Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Cuba, Dominica, Granada, Guyana, Haití, Jamaica, Saint Kitts<br />

y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas, República Dominicana, Santa Lucía, Suriname y Trinidad y Tabago.<br />

d Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>Venezu<strong>el</strong>a y Uruguay.<br />

e Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,<br />

Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts<br />

y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 349<br />

3.8 TRANSPORTE E INFRAESTRUCTURA / TRANSPORT AND INFRASTRUCTURE<br />

3.8.1 DIMENSIÓN Y VARIACIÓN DEL PARQUE AUTOMOTOR<br />

SIZE AND GROWTH RATE OF THE MOTOR VEHICLE FLEET<br />

País 1995 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Country<br />

Número <strong>de</strong> vehículos / Number of vehicles<br />

Bolivia ... 392 780 432 271 442 861 449 157 486 921 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 26 609 232 32 318 646 29 503 503 31 913 003 34 284 967 36 658 501 Brazil<br />

Chile 1 632 283 2 091 189 2 078 901 2 123 441 2 164 540 2 195 878 Chile<br />

Colombia 2 246 893 2 972 654 3 056 973 3 142 900 3 243 073 3 454 126 Colombia<br />

El Salvador ... ... ... 540 288 572 705 607 067 El Salvador<br />

México a 11 961 930 15 126 784 17 185 641 17 784 446 ... ... Mexico a<br />

Panamá 255 955 319 167 321 453 314 229 321 690 334 525 Panama<br />

Paraguay 342 024 469 027 487 395 ... ... 473 888 Paraguay<br />

Perú 862 589 1 114 191 1 162 859 1 209 006 1 342 173 ... Peru<br />

República Dominicana 301 233 1 693 396 1 987 186 2 122 488 2 323 211 ... Dominican Republic<br />

Tasa <strong>de</strong> variación anual / Annual rate of variation<br />

Bolivia ... 27,7 10,1 2,4 1,4 8,4 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 10,2 4,5 -8,7 8,2 7,4 6,9 Brazil<br />

Chile 11,2 6,2 -0,6 2,1 1,9 1,4 Chile<br />

Colombia 11,4 3,8 2,8 2,8 3,2 6,5 Colombia<br />

El Salvador ... ... ... ... 6,0 6,0 El Salvador<br />

México a 1,8 5,9 13,6 3,5 ... ... Mexico a<br />

Panamá 4,5 5,2 0,7 -2,2 2,4 4,0 Panama<br />

Paraguay 7,0 12,6 3,9 ... ... ... Paraguay<br />

Perú 13,4 5,5 4,4 4,0 11,0 ... Peru<br />

República Dominicana ... 8,5 17,3 6,8 9,5 ... Dominican Republic<br />

a a Se refi ere al número <strong>de</strong> vehículos en circulación.<br />

Refers to the number of vehicles in circulation.


350 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

3.8 TRANSPORTE E INFRAESTRUCTURA / TRANSPORT AND INFRASTRUCTURE<br />

3.8.2 LONGITUD DE LA RED DE CARRETERAS<br />

LENGTH OF THE ROAD NETWORK<br />

(Kilómetros / Kilometres)<br />

País 1995 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda ... 250 250 ... ... ... Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 218 276 215 434 215 471 ... ... ... Argentina<br />

Bahamas 2 450 2 693 2 693 ... ... ... Bahamas<br />

Barbados 1 610 1 600 1 600 1 600 1 600 1 600 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... 2 872 2 872 ... ... ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 52 216 10 402 10 402 56 529 59 122 60 282 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 1 657 769 1 670 148 1 726 854 1 724 929 ... ... Brazil<br />

Chile 79 032 79 200 79 353 79 814 79 605 ... Chile<br />

Colombia 104 825 112 885 112 988 ... ... ... Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 35 600 37 273 35 876 35 892 35 881 35 303 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 27 100 60 858 60 858 ... ... ... Cuba<br />

Dominica ... 780 780 ... ... ... Dominica<br />

Ecuador 43 106 43 197 43 197 43 197 43 197 43 197 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 9 936 10 029 10 029 ... ... ... El Salvador<br />

Granada 1 020 1 040 1 040 ... ... ... Grenada<br />

Guatemala 12 475 13 856 14 118 ... ... ... Guatemala<br />

Guyana 7 820 7 970 7 970 ... ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití 4 080 4 160 4 160 ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras 13 603 13 603 13 603 ... ... ... Honduras<br />

Jamaica 18 600 18 700 18 700 ... ... ... Jamaica<br />

México 307 983 318 952 329 532 ... ... ... Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 17 146 18 908 18 946 19 932 18 712 18 712 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 10 781 11 384 11 400 11 643 ... ... Panama<br />

Paraguay 28 900 ... 29 500 ... ... ... Paraguay<br />

Perú 73 439 78 112 78 127 78 294 78 230 ... Peru<br />

República Dominicana 12 300 4 969 12 600 ... ... ... Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis ... 320 320 ... ... ... Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas 1 020 829 829 829 829 829 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 1 190 1 210 1 210 ... ... ... Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname 4 470 ... 4 530 4 492 4 492 4 492 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 8 160 8 320 8 320 ... ... ... Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 8 660 8 983 8 983 ... ... ... Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 94 923 96 155 96 155 ... ... ... Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 2 858 490 2 855 092 2 963 266 2 057 151 321 668 164 415 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

a Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Bolivia,<br />

Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada,<br />

Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and<br />

Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay.<br />

a Antigua y Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,<br />

Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Granada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, México,<br />

Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, República Dominicana, Saint Kitts<br />

y Nevis, San Vicente y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía, Suriname, Trinidad y Tabago y Uruguay.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 351<br />

3.8 TRANSPORTE E INFRAESTRUCTURA / TRANSPORT AND INFRASTRUCTURE<br />

3.8.3 LONGITUD DE LA RED FERROVIARIA a<br />

LENGTH OF THE RAILWAY NETWORK a<br />

(Kilómetros / Kilometres)<br />

País 1995 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 Country<br />

Argentina 35 753 35 753 35 753 35 753 35 754 35 753 Argentina<br />

Bolivia 3 440 3 608 3 608 3 608 3 698 ... Bolivia<br />

Brasil 30 403 30 403 30 403 30 403 30 403 30 403 Brazil<br />

Chile 6 445 5 695 4 923 4 923 4 923 4 923 Chile<br />

Colombia 2 100 2 113 2 113 2 113 3 154 3 154 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 581 581 581 581 848 ... Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 4 693 4 252 4 179 4 252 4 382 ... Cuba<br />

Ecuador 956 956 956 956 ... ... Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 564 547 547 547 ... ... El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 1 139 1 390 1 390 1 390 ... ... Guatemala<br />

Honduras ... ... ... ... ... ... Honduras<br />

México 26 612 26 622 26 622 26 622 26 656 26 655 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 218 218 218 218 ... ... Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 485 485 485 485 ... ... Panama<br />

Paraguay 441 441 441 441 ... ... Paraguay<br />

Perú 2 126 2 015 2 121 2 123 2 123 2 123 Peru<br />

Uruguay 3 002 2 993 2 993 2 993 2 993 2 993 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 627 627 627 627 ... ... Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe b 119 585 118 699 117 959 118 034 114 934 75 601 Latin America and the Caribbean b<br />

a Total length of <strong>el</strong>ectrifi ed and non-<strong>el</strong>ectrifi ed lines as of the end of the fi scal year.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Longitud <strong>de</strong> líneas <strong>el</strong>ectrifi cadas y no <strong>el</strong>ectrifi cadas, al fi nal <strong>de</strong>l ejercicio.<br />

b Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


352 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

3.8 TRANSPORTE E INFRAESTRUCTURA / TRANSPORT AND INFRASTRUCTURE<br />

3.8.4 TRÁFICO AÉREO: PASAJEROS-KILÓMETROS a<br />

AIR TRAFFIC: PASSENGERS-KILOMETRES a<br />

(Millones / Millions)<br />

País 1995 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 252.0 276.3 298.4 304.4 301.3 325.4 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 11 892.0 14 024.0 15 535.4 8 330.4 10 110.9 12 484.9 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 220.0 366.2 415.2 391.2 368.7 387.9 Bahamas<br />

Bolivia 1 234.0 1 850.9 1 809.4 1 567.4 1 431.7 1 739.9 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 34 781.0 42 223.6 45 812.4 46 603.1 46 091.7 44 045.3 Brazil<br />

Chile 6 333.0 10 650.4 10 859.3 11 519.8 11 093.6 12 185.7 Chile<br />

Colombia 5 772.0 7 847.8 8 662.1 8 656.6 8 270.6 8 713.5 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 1 838.0 2 144.7 2 357.9 2 152.1 1 784.0 1 674.4 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 2 006.0 3 711.7 3 964.0 3 171.1 1 887.3 2 029.0 Cuba<br />

Ecuador 1 591.0 1 388.2 1 041.5 714.7 626.2 624.9 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 2 077.0 2 552.8 2 828.7 2 906.8 3 299.8 4 833.3 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 500.0 341.7 ... ... ... ... Guatemala<br />

Guyana 235.0 276.6 298.8 174.8 ... ... Guyana<br />

Honduras 341.0 ... ... ... ... ... Honduras<br />

Jamaica 1 592.0 3 495.3 4 086.8 4 411.9 4 912.1 5 005.3 Jamaica<br />

México 19 403.0 27 846.9 30 299.2 29 620.7 28 264.3 29 305.0 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 79.0 66.8 72.2 ... ... ... Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 861.8 1 696.8 2 604.4 3 004.2 2 974.1 3 371.0 Panama<br />

Paraguay 283.3 244.2 270.5 294.3 278.6 324.5 Paraguay<br />

Perú 2 883.5 1 590.0 1 555.0 2 626.6 2 339.5 2 443.1 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 28.0 4.9 ... ... ... ... Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname 618.0 725.7 1 150.9 898.0 889.0 1 469.5 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 4 330.0 2 720.1 2 764.8 2 722.9 2 875.0 2 670.7 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 636.0 839.1 746.6 582.3 576.5 1 028.8 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 6 120.3 5 050.0 3 486.9 3 680.5 3 301.5 2 042.8 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe b 105 906.9 131 934.8 140 920.4 134 333.8 131 676.4 136 704.9 Latin America and the Caribbean b<br />

a Scheduled international and domestic fl ights.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Tráfi co regular, internacional e interior.<br />

b Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 353<br />

3.8 TRANSPORTE E INFRAESTRUCTURA / TRANSPORT AND INFRASTRUCTURE<br />

3.8.5 TRÁFICO AÉREO: KILÓMETROS VOLADOS a<br />

AIR TRAFFIC: KILOMETRES FLOWN a<br />

(Millones / Millions)<br />

País 1995 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 11.8 10.7 10.3 11.8 11.1 11.5 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 108.0 169.9 160.1 106.9 105.5 105.7 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 4.3 6.8 7.0 6.9 6.5 6.3 Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... ... Barbados<br />

Bolivia 16.2 21.3 20.2 18.3 18.1 22.2 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 391.0 529.9 519.1 547.3 528.8 455.3 Brazil<br />

Chile 91.5 106.9 107.6 110.4 108.1 107.5 Chile<br />

Colombia 98.3 120.0 119.6 121.6 114.1 115.8 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 22.2 27.4 20.3 23.6 22.2 20.1 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 15.6 26.2 19.7 19.4 14.7 14.9 Cuba<br />

Ecuador 14.5 16.1 12.0 8.5 7.4 7.1 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 21.1 27.6 30.0 26.1 26.4 40.9 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala 6.2 5.3 ... ... ... ... Guatemala<br />

Guyana 2.4 1.7 1.6 1.1 ... ... Guyana<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... ... Haiti<br />

Honduras 5.2 ... ... ... ... ... Honduras<br />

Jamaica 12.7 35.1 32.1 46.4 41.2 48.5 Jamaica<br />

México 230.5 368.0 358.9 362.8 336.7 344.9 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 1.3 0.8 0.8 ... ... ... Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 14.2 23.9 34.4 40.1 37.7 42.5 Panama<br />

Paraguay 4.4 5.2 5.0 5.5 5.8 6.5 Paraguay<br />

Perú 34.2 27.2 24.5 37.8 38.2 40.1 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 0.9 0.2 ... ... ... ... Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname 5.0 5.6 5.6 5.0 4.7 4.9 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 33.4 24.6 28.4 29.1 27.8 31.2 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 5.4 8.4 8.4 7.5 7.1 8.4 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 68.3 75.4 65.5 79.7 77.5 50.4 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe b 1 218.6 1 644.2 1 591.1 1 615.8 1 539.6 1 484.7 Latin America and the Caribbean b<br />

a Scheduled international and domestic fl ights.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Tráfi co regular, internacional e interior.<br />

b Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


354 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

3.8 TRANSPORTE E INFRAESTRUCTURA / TRANSPORT AND INFRASTRUCTURE<br />

3.8.6 TRÁFICO AÉREO: TONELADAS-KILÓMETROS DE CARGA a<br />

AIR TRAFFIC: TON-KILOMETRES OF FREIGHT a<br />

(Millones / Millions)<br />

País 1995 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 177.0 241.0 296.5 124.4 76.3 113.4 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 0.4 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.6 1.6 Bahamas<br />

Barbados ... ... ... ... ... 0.2 Barbados<br />

Bolivia 48.9 19.8 15.3 13.6 14.9 24.5 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 1 581.9 1 449.9 1 534.5 1 467.4 1 539.7 1 478.4 Brazil<br />

Chile 775.4 1 139.4 1 312.0 1 277.3 1 097.9 1 130.2 Chile<br />

Colombia 498.4 634.6 600.6 611.9 538.8 645.8 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 43.8 84.8 79.0 22.9 12.5 9.7 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 33.2 62.7 49.3 54.3 40.2 40.6 Cuba<br />

Ecuador 32.2 33.0 15.5 16.0 7.9 7.9 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 15.0 43.6 31.2 46.9 11.6 3.0 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala ... ... ... ... ... 0.2 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 3.1 2.2 2.3 1.6 ... 0.2 Guyana<br />

Haití ... ... ... ... ... 0.2 Haiti<br />

Honduras 1.9 ... ... ... ... 0.2 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 21.8 29.5 29.2 26.4 56.6 48.9 Jamaica<br />

México 155.9 308.5 309.9 295.9 341.6 349.6 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 9.0 0.5 0.5 ... ... 0.2 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 8.9 15.0 22.0 25.2 22.2 20.2 Panama<br />

Paraguay 6.8 – – – – – Paraguay<br />

Perú 34.6 6.0 53.7 115.8 100.4 114.3 Peru<br />

República Dominicana – – ... ... ... 0.2 Dominican Republic<br />

Suriname 24.4 25.0 30.0 27.6 24.3 24.3 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 36.1 54.7 45.5 25.7 35.6 34.3 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 4.2 18.2 14.5 13.3 11.7 23.2 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 99.8 68.0 33.1 30.5 6.6 2.0 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe b 3 637.5 4 240.7 4 476.4 4 198.7 3 940.6 4 073.5 Latin America and the Caribbean b<br />

a Scheduled international and domestic fl ights.<br />

b Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Tráfi co regular, internacional e interior.<br />

b Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 355<br />

3.9 GESTIÓN MEDIOAMBIENTAL / ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT<br />

3.9.1 EMPRESAS CERTIFICADAS ISO 14001<br />

ISO 14001-CERTIFIED ENTERPRISES<br />

(Número <strong>de</strong> empresas / Number of enterprises)<br />

País 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 1 114 175 249 286 408 Argentina<br />

Barbados ... 3 3 3 ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... 2 2 2 ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia ... 1 3 4 7 14 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 2 330 350 900 1 008 1 800 Brazil<br />

Chile ... 11 17 55 99 312 Chile<br />

Colombia ... 21 41 69 135 217 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica ... 20 14 38 38 52 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba ... ... ... ... ... 1 Cuba<br />

Ecuador ... 1 2 1 1 11 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador ... ... ... ... ... 3 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala ... 2 2 1 1 3 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... 3 3 4 3 Guyana<br />

Honduras ... 2 2 2 6 5 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... 4 1 1 4 Jamaica<br />

México ... 159 254 369 406 492 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua ... ... ... ... ... 1 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá ... ... 1 1 2 2 Panama<br />

Paraguay ... 1 1 4 3 3 Paraguay<br />

Perú ... 13 15 25 31 41 Peru<br />

República Dominicana ... 1 1 ... 1 1 Dominican Republic<br />

Santa Lucía ... 2 2 1 1 1 Saint Lucia<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... 1 1 7 9 7 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay ... 22 29 32 32 42 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) ... 7 9 17 20 17 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe a 3 711 931 1 784 2 093 3 440 Latin America and the Caribbean a<br />

a Inclu<strong>de</strong>s the countries shown in this table.<br />

a Compren<strong>de</strong> los países que fi guran en <strong>el</strong> presente cuadro.


356 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

3.9 GESTIÓN MEDIOAMBIENTAL / ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT<br />

3.9.2 EMPRESAS CERTIFICADAS ISO 14001, POR CADA 1.000 MILLONES DE DÓLARES DEL PIB<br />

ISO 14001-CERTIFIED ENTERPRISES PER BILLION DOLLARS OF GDP<br />

(Número <strong>de</strong> empresas por cada 1.000 millones <strong>de</strong> dólares <strong>de</strong>l PIB (a precios constantes <strong>de</strong> 2000) / Number of enterprises per billion dollars of GDP (at constant 2000 prices))<br />

País 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Country<br />

Argentina 0.019 0.098 0.125 0.293 0.401 0.644 1.028 1.085 1.420 Argentina<br />

Barbados 1.325 1.266 1.191 1.188 1.158 1.190 1.191 ... ... Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice ... ... ... ... ... 2.297 2.193 2.009 ... B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia ... ... ... ... 0.119 0.351 0.457 0.779 1.503 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 0.011 0.110 0.154 0.286 0.548 0.574 1.448 1.614 2.747 Brazil<br />

Chile ... ... 0.014 0.070 0.146 0.219 0.692 1.202 3.570 Chile<br />

Colombia 0.012 0.036 0.035 0.160 0.251 0.482 0.796 1.494 2.309 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica ... ... 0.069 0.447 1.254 0.869 2.291 2.150 2.824 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.032 Cuba<br />

Ecuador ... ... 0.061 0.065 0.063 0.119 0.058 0.056 0.579 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.213 El Salvador<br />

Guatemala ... ... 0.056 0.054 0.104 0.101 0.050 0.049 0.142 Guatemala<br />

Guyana ... ... ... ... ... 4.489 4.505 5.967 4.221 Guyana<br />

Honduras ... ... ... ... 0.332 0.324 0.315 0.913 0.725 Honduras<br />

Jamaica ... ... ... ... ... 0.495 0.123 0.120 0.475 Jamaica<br />

México ... 0.022 0.074 0.116 0.274 0.438 0.631 0.684 0.795 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.227 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá ... ... ... ... ... 0.086 0.084 0.161 0.149 Panama<br />

Paraguay ... ... ... ... 0.141 0.138 0.553 0.399 0.384 Paraguay<br />

Perú ... ... 0.078 0.136 0.245 0.282 0.448 0.534 0.674 Peru<br />

República Dominicana ... ... ... ... 0.051 0.049 ... 0.048 0.047 Dominican Republic<br />

Santa Lucía ... ... ... 1.449 2.921 3.094 1.518 1.455 1.404 Saint Lucia<br />

Trinidad y Tabago ... ... ... 0.131 0.123 0.118 0.771 0.881 0.644 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay ... 0.050 0.143 0.491 1.095 1.494 1.854 1.814 2.121 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) ... ... 0.008 0.062 0.060 0.074 0.154 0.196 0.142 Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 357<br />

3.9 GESTIÓN MEDIOAMBIENTAL / ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT<br />

3.9.3 PARTICIPACIÓN EN CONVENCIONES AMBIENTALES INTERNACIONALES<br />

PARTICIPATION IN INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONVENTIONS<br />

(Año <strong>de</strong> ratifi cación, aceptación, aprobación o adhesión / Year of ratifi cation, acceptance, approval or accession)<br />

Diversidad Cambio Deserti- Especies Derechos<br />

País Basilea Biológica Climático fi cación<br />

Cartagena CITES migratorias Estocolmo Kyoto <strong>de</strong>l mar Montreal Ramsar Rotterdam Viena Patrimonio Bas<strong>el</strong> Biological UNFCCC UNCCD CMS Stockholm Law of Vienna Heritage Country<br />

Diversity the Sea<br />

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o<br />

Antigua y Barbuda 1993 2003 1993 1993 1997 1997 ... 2003 1998 1989 1992 2005 ... 1992 1983 Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Argentina 1991 ... 1994 1994 1997 1981 1992 2005 2001 1995 1990 1992 2004 1990 1978 Argentina<br />

Bahamas 1992 2004 1993 1994 2000 1979 ... 2005 1999 1983 1993 1997 ... 1993 ... Bahamas<br />

Barbados 1995 2002 1993 1994 1997 1992 ... 2004 2000 1993 1992 2005 ... 1992 2002 Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice 1997 2004 1993 1994 1998 1986 ... ... 2003 1983 1998 1998 2005 1997 1990 B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Bolivia 1996 2002 1994 1994 1996 1979 2003 2003 1999 1995 1994 1990 2003 1994 1976 Bolivia<br />

Brasil 1992 2003 1994 1994 1997 1975 ... 2004 2002 1988 1990 1993 2004 1990 1977 Brazil<br />

Chile 1992 ... 1994 1994 1997 1975 1983 2005 2002 1997 1990 1981 2005 1990 1980 Chile<br />

Colombia 1996 2003 1994 1995 1999 1981 ... ... 2001 ... 1993 1998 ... 1990 1983 Colombia<br />

Costa Rica 1995 ... 1994 1994 1998 1975 ... ... 2002 1992 1991 1992 ... 1991 1977 Costa Rica<br />

Cuba 1994 2002 1994 1994 1997 1990 ... ... 2002 1984 1992 2001 ... 1992 1981 Cuba<br />

Dominica 1998 2004 1994 1993 1997 1995 ... 2003 2005 1991 1993 ... 2005 1993 1995 Dominica<br />

Ecuador 1993 2003 1993 1993 1995 1975 2004 2004 2000 ... 1990 1991 2004 1990 1975 Ecuador<br />

El Salvador 1991 2003 1994 1995 1997 1987 ... ... 1998 ... 1992 1999 1999 1992 1991 El Salvador<br />

Granada ... 2004 1994 1994 1997 1999 ... ... 2002 1991 1993 ... ... 1993 1998 Grenada<br />

Guatemala 1995 2004 1995 1995 1998 1979 ... ... 1999 1997 1989 1990 ... 1987 1979 Guatemala<br />

Guyana 2001 ... 1994 1994 1997 1976 ... ... 2003 1993 1993 ... ... 1993 1977 Guyana<br />

Haití ... ... 1996 1996 1996 ... ... ... 2005 1996 2000 ... ... 2000 1980 Haiti<br />

Honduras 1995 ... 1995 1995 1997 1985 ... 2005 2000 1993 1993 1993 ... 1993 1979 Honduras<br />

Jamaica 2003 ... 1995 1995 1997 1997 ... ... 1999 1983 1993 1998 2002 1993 1983 Jamaica<br />

México 1991 2002 1993 1993 1995 1991 ... 2003 2000 1983 1988 1986 2005 1987 1984 Mexico<br />

Nicaragua 1997 2002 1995 1995 1998 1977 ... 2005 1999 2000 1993 1997 ... 1993 1979 Nicaragua<br />

Panamá 1991 2002 1995 1995 1996 1978 1989 2003 1999 1996 1989 1990 2000 1989 1978 Panama<br />

Paraguay 1995 2004 1994 1994 1997 1976 1999 2004 1999 1986 1992 1995 2003 1992 1988 Paraguay<br />

Perú 1993 2004 1993 1993 1995 1975 1997 2005 2002 ... 1993 1992 2005 1989 1982 Peru<br />

República Dominicana 1999 ... 1996 1998 1997 1986 ... ... 2002 ... 1993 2002 ... 1993 1985 Dominican Republic<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis 1994 2001 1993 1993 1997 1994 ... 2004 ... 1993 1992 ... ... 1992 1986 Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

San Vicente y las Saint Vincent and the<br />

Granadinas 1996 2003 1996 1996 1998 1988 ... 2005 2004 1993 1996 ... ... 1996 2003 Grenadines<br />

Santa Lucía 1993 2005 1993 1993 1997 1982 ... 2002 2003 1985 1993 2002 ... 1993 1991 Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname ... ... 1996 1996 2000 1980 ... ... ... 1998 1997 1985 2000 1997 1997 Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago 1994 2000 1996 1994 2000 1984 ... 2002 1999 1986 1989 1993 ... 1989 2005 Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Uruguay 1991 ... 1993 1994 1999 1975 1990 2004 2001 1992 1991 1984 2003 1989 1989 Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian<br />

Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) 1998 2002 1994 1994 1998 1977 ... 2005 2005 ... 1989 1988 2005 1988 1990 Republic of)<br />

a Bas<strong>el</strong>: Bas<strong>el</strong> Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their<br />

Disposal.<br />

b Cartagena: Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity.<br />

c Biological Diversity: Convention on Biological Diversity.<br />

d UNFCCC: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.<br />

e UNCCD: United Nations Convention to Combat Desertifi cation in Those Countries Experiencing Serious<br />

Drought and/or Desertifi cation, Particularly in Africa.<br />

f CITES: Convention on International Tra<strong>de</strong> in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.<br />

g CMS: Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals.<br />

h Stockholm: Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants.<br />

i Kyoto: Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.<br />

j Law of the Sea: United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.<br />

k Montreal: Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer.<br />

l Ramsar: Convention on Wetlands of International Importance, especially as Waterfowl Habitat.<br />

m Rotterdam: Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous<br />

Chemicals and Pestici<strong>de</strong>s in International Tra<strong>de</strong>.<br />

n Vienna: The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer.<br />

o Heritage: Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage.<br />

a Basilea: Convenio <strong>de</strong> Basilea sobre <strong>el</strong> control <strong>de</strong> los movimientos transfronterizos <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>sechos p<strong>el</strong>igrosos y su<br />

<strong>el</strong>iminación.<br />

b Cartagena: Protocolo <strong>de</strong> Cartagena sobre Seguridad <strong>de</strong> la Biotecnología <strong>de</strong>l Convenio sobre la Diversidad Biológica.<br />

c Diversidad Biológica: Convenio sobre la Diversidad Biológica.<br />

d Cambio Climático: Convención Marco <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas sobre <strong>el</strong> Cambio Climático.<br />

e Desertifi cación: Convención <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas <strong>de</strong> Lucha contra la Desertifi cación en los países afectados por sequía grave<br />

o <strong>de</strong>sertifi cación, en particular en África.<br />

f CITES: Convención sobre <strong>el</strong> Comercio Internacional <strong>de</strong> Especies Amenazadas <strong>de</strong> Fauna y Flora Silvestres.<br />

g Especies migratorias: Convención sobre la conservación <strong>de</strong> las especies migratorias <strong>de</strong> animales silvestres.<br />

h Estocolmo: Convenio <strong>de</strong> Estocolmo sobre contaminantes orgánicos persistentes<br />

i Kyoto: Protocolo <strong>de</strong> Kyoto <strong>de</strong> la Convención Marco <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas sobre <strong>el</strong> Cambio Climático.<br />

j Derecho <strong>de</strong>l mar: Convención <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas sobre <strong>el</strong> Derecho <strong>de</strong>l Mar.<br />

k Montreal: Protocolo <strong>de</strong> Montreal r<strong>el</strong>ativo a las sustancias que agotan la capa <strong>de</strong> ozono.<br />

l Ramsar: Convención r<strong>el</strong>ativa a los humedales <strong>de</strong> importancia internacional, especialmente como hábitat <strong>de</strong> aves acuáticas.<br />

m Rotterdam: Convenio <strong>de</strong> Rotterdam sobre <strong>el</strong> procedimiento <strong>de</strong>l consentimiento fundamentado previo aplicable a ciertos plaguicidas<br />

y productos p<strong>el</strong>igrosos objeto <strong>de</strong> comercio internacional.<br />

n Viena: Convenio <strong>de</strong> Viena para la protección <strong>de</strong> la capa <strong>de</strong> ozono.<br />

o Patrimonio: Convenio para la protección <strong>de</strong>l patrimonio mundial cultural y natural.


358 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 359<br />

<br />

Notas técnicas / Technical notes


360 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 361<br />

1. Estadísticas sociales<br />

<br />

La reducción <strong>de</strong> los <strong>el</strong>evados niv<strong>el</strong>es <strong>de</strong> pobreza y <strong>de</strong>sigualdad<br />

social que prevalecen en la mayoría <strong>de</strong> los países <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong><br />

<strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe constituye una <strong>de</strong> las preocupaciones prioritarias<br />

<strong>de</strong> los gobiernos <strong>de</strong> la región. Las estadísticas sociales revisten<br />

por lo tanto una gran importancia, en la medida en que permiten<br />

evaluar diferentes aspectos <strong>de</strong> la gestión pública en materia <strong>de</strong><br />

política social, analizar las ten<strong>de</strong>ncias <strong>de</strong> las condiciones <strong>de</strong><br />

vida en los países <strong>de</strong> la región, así como hacer un seguimiento<br />

<strong>de</strong> las metas y objetivos fi jados en los programas <strong>de</strong> gobierno<br />

y en los compromisos internacionales.<br />

En este capítulo se presentan estadísticas sociales que<br />

<strong>de</strong>rivan principalmente <strong>de</strong> los censos <strong>de</strong> población y vivienda<br />

y <strong>de</strong> las encuestas <strong>de</strong> hogares por muestreo, así como, en<br />

menor medida, <strong>de</strong> los registros administrativos. Las estadísticas<br />

se organizan en siete áreas temáticas: población, trabajo,<br />

educación, salud, vivienda y servicios básicos, pobreza y<br />

distribución <strong>de</strong>l ingreso y género. Estas áreas temáticas<br />

correspon<strong>de</strong>n a algunas <strong>de</strong> las principales divisiones <strong>de</strong> las<br />

funciones <strong>de</strong> política asignadas comúnmente a distintos<br />

ministerios en los países (trabajo, educación, salud, vivienda)<br />

así como a esferas <strong>de</strong> la política intersectorial (población,<br />

pobreza y distribución <strong>de</strong>l ingreso y género). En la medida<br />

<strong>de</strong> lo posible, los indicadores han sido <strong>de</strong>sagregados según<br />

distintas dimensiones (sexo, grupos <strong>de</strong> edad, áreas geográfi cas,<br />

niv<strong>el</strong>es <strong>de</strong> ingreso, etc.) para <strong>de</strong>stacar las <strong>de</strong>sigualda<strong>de</strong>s<br />

socioeconómicas que caracterizan la región.<br />

En esta edición <strong>de</strong>l <strong>Anuario</strong> se agregaron nuevos cuadros<br />

con indicadores que permiten hacer <strong>el</strong> seguimiento <strong>de</strong> los<br />

objetivos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sarrollo convenidos internacionalmente, incluidos<br />

los que fi guran en la Declaración <strong>de</strong>l Milenio, aprobada en<br />

septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2000 por la Asamblea General <strong>de</strong> las Naciones<br />

Unidas. Es posible consultar información estadística social<br />

adicional en la Base <strong>de</strong> estadísticas e indicadores sociales<br />

1. Social statistics<br />

Reducing the high lev<strong>el</strong>s of poverty and social inequality<br />

that prevail in most of the countries of Latin America<br />

and the Caribbean is one of the priority concerns of the<br />

Governments of the region. Social statistics are therefore<br />

of great importance as inputs in evaluating different<br />

aspects of public administration in the area of social policy,<br />

analysing trends in living conditions in countries of the<br />

region and monitoring fulfi lment of the targets and goals<br />

set out in government programmes and in international<br />

agreements.<br />

This chapter presents social statistics <strong>de</strong>riving mainly<br />

from population and housing censuses, household sample<br />

surveys and, to a lesser extent, administrative records. The<br />

statistics are grouped into seven subject areas: population,<br />

labour, education, health, housing and basic services, poverty<br />

and income distribution, and gen<strong>de</strong>r. These subject areas<br />

correspond to some of the main divisions of policy functions<br />

commonly assigned to different national ministries (labour,<br />

education, health, housing) as w<strong>el</strong>l as to spheres of intersectoral<br />

policy (population, poverty and income distribution, and<br />

gen<strong>de</strong>r). To the extent possible, the indicators have been<br />

disaggregated according to different dimensions (sex, age<br />

group, geographical area, income lev<strong>el</strong>, etc.) in or<strong>de</strong>r to<br />

highlight the socioeconomic inequalities that characterize<br />

the region.<br />

This edition of the Yearbook contains new tables with<br />

indicators which can be used to monitor implementation of<br />

internationally agreed <strong>de</strong>v<strong>el</strong>opment goals, including those<br />

set forth in the Millennium Declaration, which was adopted<br />

in September 2000 by the United Nations General Assembly.<br />

Further information on social statistics may be obtained from<br />

the Social Indicators and Statistics Database (BADEINSO) of


362 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

(BADEINSO) <strong>de</strong> la División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones<br />

Económicas <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL, disponible en Internet en la<br />

dirección http://websie.eclac.cl/sisgen/Ba<strong>de</strong>inso.asp.<br />

<br />

1.1 Población<br />

Las series sobre población y los indicadores <strong>de</strong>mográfi cos<br />

correspon<strong>de</strong>n a las estimaciones que realiza <strong>el</strong><br />

Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeño <strong>de</strong> Demografía<br />

(CELADE) - División <strong>de</strong> Población <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL sobre la<br />

base <strong>de</strong> los censos <strong>de</strong> población y vivienda, estadísticas vitales<br />

y encuestas <strong>de</strong>mográfi cas, publicados periódicamente en<br />

su Boletín Demográfi co, así como la División <strong>de</strong> Población<br />

<strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas. Los datos sobre tamaño y tipos<br />

<strong>de</strong> hogares son calculados por la División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y<br />

Proyecciones Económicas <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL. En esta edición <strong>de</strong>l<br />

<strong>Anuario</strong>, los cuadros 1.1.16 a 1.1.21 no están incluidos en<br />

la versión impresa, sin embargo pue<strong>de</strong>n encontrarse en <strong>el</strong><br />

CD-ROM así como en la versión publicada en Internet.<br />

Información proveniente <strong>de</strong> los censos <strong>de</strong> población y<br />

vivienda. Si bien las recomendaciones internacionales indican<br />

que los censos <strong>de</strong>ben realizarse en los años terminados en cero,<br />

los países no siempre están en condiciones <strong>de</strong> cumplir con<br />

esta recomendación; por este motivo, en algunos cuadros, los<br />

títulos <strong>de</strong> las columnas que indican la fecha a la que se refi ere<br />

la información dicen “alre<strong>de</strong>dor <strong>de</strong>...”. Para información <strong>de</strong>l<br />

lector, se indican a continuación las fechas <strong>de</strong> levantamiento <strong>de</strong><br />

los censos cuya información fi gura en <strong>el</strong> presente <strong>Anuario</strong>.<br />

La ronda <strong>de</strong> censos <strong>de</strong>l 2000 en la región se inició<br />

en Guadalupe, Guyana Francesa y Martinica en marzo <strong>de</strong><br />

1999, y se exten<strong>de</strong>rá hasta <strong>el</strong> 2006, año en que se ha previsto<br />

realizar <strong>el</strong> censo en El Salvador.<br />

En las proyecciones <strong>de</strong> población <strong>el</strong>aboradas por<br />

<strong>el</strong> Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeño <strong>de</strong> Demografía<br />

(CELADE) - División <strong>de</strong> Población <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL se utilizó <strong>el</strong><br />

método <strong>de</strong> componentes. Este método supone la preparación<br />

<strong>de</strong> proyecciones separadas <strong>de</strong> la fecundidad, la mortalidad y <strong>el</strong><br />

saldo migratorio internacional por sexo y grupos quinquenales<br />

<strong>de</strong> edad para cada período quinquenal que abarca la proyección<br />

hasta <strong>el</strong> año 2050. Se estimó también una población inicial<br />

coherente con las estimaciones <strong>de</strong> fecundidad, mortalidad y<br />

migración internacional establecidas en <strong>el</strong> pasado, así como<br />

con las estructuras por sexo y edad <strong>de</strong> la población enumerada<br />

en los censos. Con estos <strong>el</strong>ementos se proyectó la población<br />

por cohortes a fi n <strong>de</strong> obtener la población para mediados <strong>de</strong><br />

los años terminados en los dígitos 0 y 5, <strong>de</strong>sagregada por<br />

sexo y grupos quinquenales <strong>de</strong> edad <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong> año 1980 hasta<br />

<strong>el</strong> año 2050.<br />

the Statistics and Economic Projections Division of ECLAC,<br />

accessible online at the following address: http://websie.<br />

eclac.cl/sisgen/Ba<strong>de</strong>inso.asp.<br />

1.1 Population<br />

The population series and <strong>de</strong>mographic indicators are<br />

estimates prepared by the Latin American and Caribbean<br />

Demographic Centre (CELADE) - Population Division<br />

of ECLAC —on the basis of the population and housing<br />

censuses, vital statistics and <strong>de</strong>mographic surveys published<br />

periodically in its Demographic Bulletin— and by the United<br />

Nations Population Division. Data on household size and type<br />

are calculated by the Statistics and Economic Projections<br />

Division of ECLAC. In this edition of the Yearbook, the<br />

tables numbered from 1.1.16 to 1.1.21 are not inclu<strong>de</strong>d in<br />

the printed version, but can be found in the CD-ROM and<br />

Internet versions.<br />

Population and housing census data. Although<br />

international recommendations indicate that censuses should<br />

be carried out in the years ending in zero, the countries are<br />

not always able to comply with this recommendation. This<br />

is why, the column headings showing the date to which the<br />

information refers inclu<strong>de</strong> the word “around” in some of the<br />

tables. For the rea<strong>de</strong>r’s information, the dates of the censuses<br />

used for this Yearbook are listed b<strong>el</strong>ow.<br />

The region’s 2000 census round began with French<br />

Guiana, Gua<strong>de</strong>loupe and Martinique, in March 1999, and<br />

will be completed in 2006, when El Salvador carries out its<br />

census.<br />

In the population projections prepared by<br />

CELADE - Population Division of ECLAC, the component<br />

method was used. This method involves the preparation<br />

of separate projections of fertility, mortality and the<br />

international migratory balance by sex and five-year age<br />

group for each five-year period covered by the projection<br />

up to the year 2050. Also, an initial population estimate<br />

was prepared that is consistent with past estimates of<br />

fertility, mortality and international migration, as w<strong>el</strong>l<br />

as with the sex and age structures of the population<br />

covered by the censuses. These <strong>el</strong>ements were used to<br />

project the population by cohorts in or<strong>de</strong>r to obtain the<br />

population for the middle of the years ending in 0 and<br />

5, disaggregated by sex and five-year age group, from<br />

1980 until 2050.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 363<br />

Censos alre<strong>de</strong>dor <strong>de</strong>:<br />

País 1980 1990 2000<br />

Anguila IV-1984 IV-1992 V-2001<br />

Antigua y Barbuda V-1982 V-1991 V-2001<br />

Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas II-1981 I-1992 I-2001<br />

Argentina X-1980 V-1991 XI-2001<br />

Aruba II-1981 X-1991 X-2000<br />

Bahamas V-1980 V-1990 V-2000<br />

Barbados V-1980 V-1990 V-2000<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice V-1980 V-1991 V-2000<br />

Bolivia - VI-1992 IX-2001<br />

Brasil IX-1980 IX-1991 VIII-2000<br />

Chile IV-1982 IV-1992 IV-2002<br />

Colombia X-1985 X-1993 V-2005<br />

Costa Rica VI-1984 - VI-2000<br />

Cuba IX-1981 - IX-2002<br />

Dominica IV-1981 V-1991 V-2001<br />

Ecuador XI-1982 XI-1990 XI-2001<br />

El Salvador - IX-1992 2006<br />

Granada IV-1981 V-1991 V-2001<br />

Guadalupe III-1982 III-1990 III-1999<br />

Guatemala III-1981 IV-1994 XI-2002<br />

Guyana V-1980 V-1991 IX-2002<br />

Guyana Francesa III-1982 III-1990 III-1999<br />

Haití VIII-1982 - I-2003<br />

Honduras - V-1988 VII-2001<br />

Islas Caimán X-1979 X-1989 X-1999<br />

Islas Turcas y Caicos V-1980 V-1990 VIII-2001<br />

Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos IV-1980 IV-1990 IV-2000<br />

Islas Vírgenes Británicas V-1980 V-1991 V-2001<br />

Jamaica VI-1982 IV-1991 IX-2001<br />

Martinica III-1982 III-1990 III-1999<br />

México VI-1980 III-1990 II-2000<br />

Montserrat V-1980 XII-1991 V-2001<br />

Nicaragua - IV-1995 V-2005<br />

Panamá V-1980 V-1990 V-2000<br />

Paraguay VII-1982 VIII-1992 VIII-2002<br />

Perú VII-1981 VII-1993 2005<br />

Puerto Rico IV-1980 IV-1990 IV-2000<br />

República Dominicana XII-1981 IX-1993 X-2002<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis V-1980 V-1991 V-2001<br />

Santa Lucía V-1980 V-1991 V-2001<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas V-1980 V-1991 V-2001<br />

Suriname VII-1980 - III-2003<br />

Trinidad y Tabago V-1980 V-1990 V-2000<br />

Uruguay X-1985 V-1996 Conteo en 2004<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>) X-1981 X-1990 X-2001<br />

Natalidad. Se adoptó como medida <strong>de</strong> esta variable la<br />

tasa bruta <strong>de</strong> natalidad, que se presenta por quinquenios y<br />

representa <strong>el</strong> número <strong>de</strong> nacidos vivos por cada mil habitantes.<br />

Es <strong>el</strong> cociente entre <strong>el</strong> número medio anual <strong>de</strong> nacimientos<br />

ocurridos durante un período <strong>de</strong>terminado y la población<br />

media <strong>de</strong>l período, expresado por mil.<br />

Mortalidad. La medida adoptada fue la tasa bruta <strong>de</strong><br />

mortalidad, que se presenta por quinquenios y representa <strong>el</strong><br />

número <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>funciones por cada mil habitantes. Es <strong>el</strong> cociente<br />

entre <strong>el</strong> número medio anual <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>funciones ocurridas durante<br />

un período <strong>de</strong>terminado y la población media <strong>de</strong>l período,<br />

expresado por mil.<br />

Fecundidad. Se midió por medio <strong>de</strong> la tasa global <strong>de</strong><br />

fecundidad, que representa <strong>el</strong> número <strong>de</strong> hijos que en promedio<br />

tendría una mujer <strong>de</strong> una cohorte hipotética <strong>de</strong> mujeres que<br />

durante su vida fértil tuvieran hijos <strong>de</strong> acuerdo a las tasas <strong>de</strong><br />

Census taken around:<br />

Country 1980 1990 2000<br />

Anguilla IV-1984 IV-1992 V-2001<br />

Antigua and Barbuda V-1982 V-1991 V-2001<br />

Netherlands Antilles II-1981 I-1992 I-2001<br />

Argentina X-1980 V-1991 XI-2001<br />

Aruba II-1981 X-1991 X-2000<br />

Bahamas V-1980 V-1990 V-2000<br />

Barbados V-1980 V-1990 V-2000<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ize V-1980 V-1991 V-2000<br />

Bolivia - VI-1992 IX-2001<br />

Brazil IX-1980 IX-1991 VIII-2000<br />

Chile IV-1982 IV-1992 IV-2002<br />

Colombia X-1985 X-1993 V-2005<br />

Costa Rica VI-1984 - VI-2000<br />

Cuba IX-1981 - IX-2002<br />

Dominica IV-1981 V-1991 V-2001<br />

Ecuador XI-1982 XI-1990 XI-2001<br />

El Salvador - IX-1992 2006<br />

Grenada IV-1981 V-1991 V-2001<br />

Gua<strong>de</strong>loupe III-1982 III-1990 III-1999<br />

Guatemala III-1981 IV-1994 XI-2002<br />

Guyana V-1980 V-1991 IX-2002<br />

French Guiana III-1982 III-1990 III-1999<br />

Haiti VIII-1982 - I-2003<br />

Honduras - V-1988 VII-2001<br />

Caiman Islands X-1979 X-1989 X-1999<br />

Turks and Caicos Islands V-1980 V-1990 VIII-2001<br />

United States Virgin Islands IV-1980 IV-1990 IV-2000<br />

British Virgin Islands V-1980 V-1991 V-2001<br />

Jamaica VI-1982 IV-1991 IX-2001<br />

Martinique III-1982 III-1990 III-1999<br />

Mexico VI-1980 III-1990 II-2000<br />

Montserrat V-1980 XII-1991 V-2001<br />

Nicaragua - IV-1995 V-2005<br />

Panama V-1980 V-1990 V-2000<br />

Paraguay VII-1982 VIII-1992 VIII-2002<br />

Peru VII-1981 VII-1993 2005<br />

Puerto Rico IV-1980 IV-1990 IV-2000<br />

Dominican Republic XII-1981 IX-1993 X-2002<br />

Saint Kitts and Nevis V-1980 V-1991 V-2001<br />

Saint Lucia V-1980 V-1991 V-2001<br />

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines V-1980 V-1991 V-2001<br />

Suriname VII-1980 - III-2003<br />

Trinidad and Tobago V-1980 V-1990 V-2000<br />

Uruguay X-1985 V-1996 Headcount 2004<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of) X-1981 X-1990 X-2001<br />

Birth rate. The cru<strong>de</strong> birth rate, the number of live births<br />

per 1,000 inhabitants, has been chosen as the measurement<br />

for this variable and is given for fi ve-year periods. The cru<strong>de</strong><br />

birth rate is the ratio of the average annual number of births<br />

during a given period to the average population during the<br />

same period, stated per 1,000.<br />

Mortality. The cru<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>ath rate, the number of <strong>de</strong>aths<br />

per 1,000 inhabitants, has been chosen as the measurement<br />

for this variable and is given for fi ve-year periods. The cru<strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong>ath rate is the ratio of the average annual number of <strong>de</strong>aths<br />

during a given period to the average population during the<br />

same period, stated per 1,000.<br />

Fertility. The measurement s<strong>el</strong>ected for this variable is<br />

the total fertility rate, which measures the number of children<br />

who would be born to a woman b<strong>el</strong>onging to a hypothetical<br />

cohort of females who, during their child-bearing years, gave


364 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

fecundidad por eda<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong>l período en estudio y no estuvieran<br />

expuestas a riesgos <strong>de</strong> mortalidad durante <strong>de</strong> su vida fértil.<br />

La tasa se calcula sumando las tasas <strong>de</strong> fecundidad media<br />

<strong>de</strong> cada grupo quinquenal <strong>de</strong> edad y multiplicando dicha<br />

suma por cinco.<br />

Esperanza <strong>de</strong> vida al nacer. Representa la duración media<br />

<strong>de</strong> la vida <strong>de</strong> los individuos, <strong>de</strong> una cohorte hipotética <strong>de</strong><br />

nacimientos, sometidos en todas las eda<strong>de</strong>s a la mortalidad<br />

<strong>de</strong>l período en estudio.<br />

Distribución espacial <strong>de</strong> la población. En este rubro se<br />

incluye un conjunto <strong>de</strong> indicadores que muestran la importancia<br />

r<strong>el</strong>ativa <strong>de</strong> la población en localida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> distinto tamaño y<br />

<strong>el</strong> crecimiento que estas han experimentado en los últimos<br />

<strong>de</strong>cenios. Dada la difi cultad <strong>de</strong> comparar la información entre<br />

países <strong>de</strong>bido a la falta <strong>de</strong> uniformidad en las <strong>de</strong>fi niciones y a<br />

las diferencias en la forma <strong>de</strong> i<strong>de</strong>ntifi car las aglomeraciones<br />

urbanas, se presentan a<strong>de</strong>más los datos sobre distribución<br />

espacial <strong>de</strong>sagregando la población según <strong>el</strong> tamaño <strong>de</strong> las<br />

localida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> resi<strong>de</strong>ncia, <strong>de</strong> acuerdo con los últimos censos<br />

<strong>de</strong> población.<br />

Información proveniente <strong>de</strong> encuestas <strong>de</strong> hogares. La<br />

<strong>de</strong>fi nición <strong>de</strong> hogar comúnmente utilizada en las encuestas <strong>de</strong><br />

hogares correspon<strong>de</strong> a “una persona o conjunto <strong>de</strong> personas<br />

emparentadas o no entre sí, que resi<strong>de</strong>n habitualmente en<br />

la vivienda y se asocian para aten<strong>de</strong>r sus necesida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong><br />

alimento y <strong>de</strong> otros bienes y servicios esenciales”.<br />

Clasifi cación <strong>de</strong> hogares. Utilizando la variable r<strong>el</strong>ación<br />

<strong>de</strong> parentesco entre los miembros que integran un hogar en<br />

r<strong>el</strong>ación con la persona i<strong>de</strong>ntifi cada como “jefe <strong>de</strong>l hogar”,<br />

se <strong>de</strong>fi nieron tipos <strong>de</strong> hogares en los cuales se estudiaron<br />

características especiales, como <strong>el</strong> sexo <strong>de</strong>l jefe <strong>de</strong>l hogar y<br />

<strong>el</strong> estrato <strong>de</strong> ingresos correspondiente.<br />

Los tipos <strong>de</strong> hogares <strong>de</strong>fi nidos <strong>de</strong> acuerdo con la presencia<br />

o ausencia <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>terminados miembros <strong>de</strong>l hogar son:<br />

1. Hogar unipersonal, integrado por una sola<br />

persona;<br />

2. Hogar nuclear biparental, integrado por <strong>el</strong> padre<br />

y la madre (pareja unida o casada legalmente) y<br />

uno o más hijos;<br />

3. Hogar nuclear monoparental, integrado por uno<br />

<strong>de</strong> los padres y uno o más hijos.<br />

4. Hogar nuclear sin hijos, integrado por la pareja<br />

unida o casada legalmente sin hijos.<br />

5. Hogar extenso o compuesto, que correspon<strong>de</strong> a<br />

cualquiera <strong>de</strong> los tipos <strong>de</strong>fi nidos anteriormente,<br />

más uno o más parientes o no parientes <strong>de</strong>l jefe<br />

<strong>de</strong> hogar.<br />

birth to children in accordance with the fertility rates by age<br />

groups for the period un<strong>de</strong>r study and who were not exposed<br />

to mortality risks up to the end of their child-bearing years.<br />

The rate is calculated by adding the average fertility rates for<br />

each fi ve-year age group and multiplying the result by fi ve.<br />

Life expectancy at birth. This represents the mean<br />

length of life of individuals from a hypothetical cohort of<br />

births, whose members have been subjected at all ages to<br />

the mortality rates of the period un<strong>de</strong>r study.<br />

Spatial distribution of the population. This inclu<strong>de</strong>s<br />

a set of indicators showing the r<strong>el</strong>ative weight of the<br />

population in localities of different sizes and the growth<br />

they have experienced in recent <strong>de</strong>ca<strong>de</strong>s. Given the<br />

diffi culty of comparing the information for different<br />

countries due to the lack of uniformity in the <strong>de</strong>fi nitions<br />

and to differences in the way urban agglomerations are<br />

i<strong>de</strong>ntifi ed, data on spatial distribution are also presented<br />

on the basis of a breakdown of the population according<br />

to the size of resi<strong>de</strong>ntial localities based on the latest<br />

population censuses.<br />

Information from household surveys. For household<br />

survey purposes, the term “household” is usually <strong>de</strong>fi ned<br />

as “a person or group of persons, whether r<strong>el</strong>ated or not,<br />

who normally resi<strong>de</strong> together in a housing unit and combine<br />

to provi<strong>de</strong> thems<strong>el</strong>ves with food and other essential goods<br />

and services.”<br />

Categorization of households. Based on the kinship<br />

r<strong>el</strong>ationship between the members of a household and the<br />

<strong>de</strong>signated “head of household”, a number of categories of<br />

households were <strong>de</strong>fi ned. Various characteristics of these different<br />

types of households, such as the sex of the head of household<br />

and the r<strong>el</strong>evant income stratum, were then examined.<br />

The following types of households were i<strong>de</strong>ntifi ed on<br />

the basis of their members:<br />

1. Single-person household: A household composed<br />

of one person;<br />

2. Two-parent nuclear household: A household<br />

composed of a father and mother (a free union or a<br />

legally married couple) and one or more children;<br />

3. Single-parent nuclear household: A household<br />

composed of one parent and one or more children;<br />

4. Childless nuclear household: A household composed<br />

of a couple, whether living in free union or legally<br />

married, with no children;<br />

5. Exten<strong>de</strong>d or composite household: A household<br />

corresponding to any of the above categories which<br />

also inclu<strong>de</strong>s one or more r<strong>el</strong>atives or non-r<strong>el</strong>atives<br />

of the head of household.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 365<br />

<br />

1.2 Trabajo<br />

En esta sección se presentan datos provenientes <strong>de</strong> diferentes<br />

fuentes <strong>de</strong> información que <strong>de</strong>terminan las características<br />

específi cas <strong>de</strong> los datos: Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeño<br />

<strong>de</strong> Demografía (CELADE) - División <strong>de</strong> Población <strong>de</strong> la<br />

CEPAL, División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones Económicas<br />

<strong>de</strong> la CEPAL, División <strong>de</strong> Desarrollo Económico <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL<br />

y Organización Internacional <strong>de</strong>l Trabajo (OIT).<br />

Proyecciones realizadas por <strong>el</strong> Centro Latinoamericano<br />

y Caribeño <strong>de</strong> Demografía (CELADE) - División <strong>de</strong> Población<br />

<strong>de</strong> la CEPAL. Estas proyecciones permiten mostrar las<br />

ten<strong>de</strong>ncias <strong>de</strong> la población económicamente activa (PEA),<br />

los volúmenes <strong>de</strong> empleo y las tasas <strong>de</strong> participación en la<br />

actividad económica. Correspon<strong>de</strong>n a las series revisadas<br />

por <strong>el</strong> CELADE a partir <strong>de</strong> 1980, mediante la aplicación <strong>de</strong><br />

una metodología que permite aprovechar la información<br />

recopilada en los censos y encuestas <strong>de</strong> hogares. 1<br />

Volumen <strong>de</strong> la PEA. Se consi<strong>de</strong>ra población<br />

económicamente activa al conjunto <strong>de</strong> personas que están<br />

dispuestas a aportar su trabajo para la producción <strong>de</strong> bienes<br />

y servicios económicos. Se han homogeneizado tanto los<br />

límites <strong>de</strong> edad como la <strong>de</strong>fi nición <strong>de</strong> la PEA.<br />

Tasa <strong>de</strong> participación en la actividad económica. Se<br />

presentan las tasas clasifi cadas por sexo que correspon<strong>de</strong>n<br />

al cociente entre la población económicamente activa <strong>de</strong> 10<br />

años y más y la población total <strong>de</strong> esa misma edad <strong>de</strong> cada<br />

sexo, multiplicada por 100.<br />

Procesamiento <strong>de</strong> encuestas <strong>de</strong> hogares realizado por<br />

la División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones Económicas <strong>de</strong> la<br />

CEPAL. Nuevamente en esta edición <strong>de</strong>l <strong>Anuario</strong> se han utilizado<br />

las encuestas <strong>de</strong> hogares como principal fuente <strong>de</strong> información<br />

para <strong>de</strong>scribir y caracterizar a la fuerza <strong>de</strong> trabajo. Como se<br />

sabe, esto impone ciertas restricciones <strong>de</strong>bido a que no todos<br />

los países realizan encuestas periódicamente y en algunos casos<br />

la cobertura geográfi ca se limita a las áreas urbanas.<br />

Sobre la base <strong>de</strong> esas encuestas, se presenta un conjunto<br />

<strong>de</strong> indicadores <strong>de</strong> empleo referidos exclusivamente a las<br />

áreas urbanas y calculados a partir <strong>de</strong> una PEA <strong>de</strong> 15 años<br />

y más. Esto se ha hecho con <strong>el</strong> objeto <strong>de</strong> homogeneizar la<br />

información, dado que las encuestas nacionales difi eren en<br />

cuanto a la cobertura geográfi ca y los límites mínimos <strong>de</strong><br />

edad para la <strong>de</strong>terminación <strong>de</strong> la PEA.<br />

1 Véase CELADE, Métodos para proyecciones <strong>de</strong>mográfi cas (LC/DEM/CR/<br />

G.05), San José, 1984. Las aplicaciones específi cas para cada país se presentan<br />

en CELADE, Boletín Demográfi co, Nº 64, Santiago <strong>de</strong> Chile, 1999.<br />

1.2 Labour<br />

This section provi<strong>de</strong>s data from various sources, each of which<br />

imparts certain specifi c characteristics to the corresponding<br />

information: CELADE - Population Division of ECLAC, the<br />

Statistics and Economic Projections Division of ECLAC,<br />

the Economic Dev<strong>el</strong>opment Division of ECLAC and the<br />

International Labour Organization (ILO).<br />

Projections prepared by the Latin American and Caribbean<br />

Demographic Centre (CELADE) - Population Division of<br />

ECLAC. These projections provi<strong>de</strong> an indication of trends<br />

in the economically active population (EAP), employment<br />

volumes and economic participation rates. The projections<br />

correspond to the series revised by CELADE - Population<br />

Division of ECLAC from 1980 on, based on a methodology<br />

which permits the utilization of information compiled in<br />

censuses and household surveys. 1<br />

Size of the EAP. The EAP is consi<strong>de</strong>red to be the total<br />

number of persons who furnish the supply of labour for the<br />

production of economic goods and services. Age limits and<br />

the <strong>de</strong>fi nition of the EAP have been standardized.<br />

Participation in economic activity. Participation rates,<br />

given by sex, represent the quotient between the EAP aged<br />

10 or over and the male and female populations in that same<br />

age group, multiplied by 100.<br />

Processing of household surveys by the Statistics and<br />

Economic Projections Division of ECLAC. As in the preceding<br />

edition of the Yearbook, household surveys have been used<br />

as the main source of information for the <strong>de</strong>scription and<br />

characterization of the labour force. This approach suffers<br />

from certain limitations, of course, since not all the countries<br />

conduct such surveys on a regular basis and in some cases<br />

their geographic coverage is confi ned to urban areas.<br />

Based on these surveys, a number of employment<br />

indicators are presented. These indicators refer exclusiv<strong>el</strong>y<br />

to urban areas and have been calculated for an EAP aged<br />

15 and over. This procedure has been used in the interests<br />

of comparability, since the countries’ surveys differ in terms<br />

of their geographic coverage and the lower age limits used<br />

for <strong>de</strong>fi ning the EAP.<br />

1 See CELADE, Métodos para proyecciones <strong>de</strong>mográfi cas (LC/DEM/CR/<br />

G.05), San José, 1984. Specifi c applications for each country appear in<br />

CELADE, Demographic Bulletin, No. 64, Santiago, Chile, 1999.


366 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

Ocupación por rama <strong>de</strong> actividad económica. Se tabula<br />

<strong>de</strong> acuerdo con las nueve gran<strong>de</strong>s divisiones <strong>de</strong> la Clasifi cación<br />

Industrial Internacional Uniforme <strong>de</strong> Todas las Activida<strong>de</strong>s<br />

Económicas, Rev. 2. Se presenta la estructura porcentual <strong>de</strong><br />

los ocupados por rama <strong>de</strong> actividad, en términos generales<br />

y por sexo.<br />

Ocupación por categoría <strong>de</strong> empleo. Se clasifi có en<br />

cuatro grupos homogéneos: empleadores, asalariados,<br />

trabajadores por cuenta propia y personal <strong>de</strong> servicio<br />

doméstico. Asimismo, se presenta la estructura porcentual<br />

<strong>de</strong> la población ocupada, clasifi cada en dichas categorías,<br />

en términos generales y por sexo.<br />

Empleo. Se clasifi ca <strong>de</strong> acuerdo con los principales grupos<br />

<strong>de</strong> ocupación <strong>de</strong> la Clasifi cación Internacional Uniforme <strong>de</strong><br />

Ocupaciones <strong>de</strong> la OIT (1968). Esta clasifi cación pudo aplicarse<br />

a todos los países, con excepción <strong>de</strong> Argentina, razón por la<br />

cual no se incluye a ese país en los cuadros sobre estructura<br />

porcentual <strong>de</strong> los ocupados por grupo ocupacional.<br />

Tasa <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sempleo abierto urbano. Se calcula como<br />

r<strong>el</strong>ación porcentual entre la población que no ha trabajado pero<br />

ha buscado empleo durante <strong>el</strong> período consi<strong>de</strong>rado y <strong>el</strong> total <strong>de</strong><br />

la población económicamente activa. Hay que tener presente<br />

que las cifras correspon<strong>de</strong>n a distintos períodos, <strong>de</strong>bido a que<br />

los períodos <strong>de</strong> referencia utilizados con respecto al empleo<br />

en las encuestas nacionales varían <strong>de</strong> un país a otro.<br />

Tasa <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sempleo proporcionada por la División <strong>de</strong><br />

Desarrollo Económico <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL. Estas tasas <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sempleo<br />

provienen <strong>de</strong> fuentes ofi ciales <strong>de</strong> los países y las recopila<br />

la División <strong>de</strong> Desarrollo Económico <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL que las<br />

utiliza en sus principales publicaciones <strong>de</strong> carácter económico.<br />

Los datos se refi eren a tasas <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sempleo abierto, a menos<br />

que una nota indique que se incluye <strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong>sempleo oculto.<br />

Estimaciones <strong>de</strong> la OIT. En esta edición <strong>de</strong>l <strong>Anuario</strong><br />

se introduce un nuevo indicador calculado por la OIT, la<br />

tasa <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sempleo juvenil <strong>de</strong> las personas <strong>de</strong> entre 15 y 24<br />

años. Este indicador se utiliza para <strong>el</strong> monitoreo <strong>de</strong> la meta<br />

16 <strong>de</strong> los objetivos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sarrollo <strong>de</strong>l Milenio que plantea la<br />

necesidad <strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong>aborar y aplicar estrategias que proporcionen<br />

a los jóvenes un trabajo digno y productivo.<br />

<br />

1.3 Educación<br />

En esta sección se suministran datos sobre <strong>el</strong> niv<strong>el</strong> educativo<br />

<strong>de</strong> la población potencialmente disponible para <strong>el</strong> mercado<br />

<strong>de</strong> trabajo, la capacidad <strong>de</strong>l sistema educativo para incorporar<br />

a los segmentos <strong>de</strong> población en edad escolar, y los recursos<br />

Employment by kind of economic activity. This has<br />

been tabulated on the basis of the nine major divisions of<br />

the International Standard Industrial Classifi cation of All<br />

Economic Activities, Rev. 2. The occupational structure is<br />

given in percentages by kind of activity, for the total working<br />

population and by sex.<br />

Occupation by employment category. Employment is<br />

disaggregated by occupational category on the basis of four<br />

standardized groups: employers, wage earners, own-account<br />

workers, and domestic staff. The distribution of the employed<br />

population among these categories is given in percentages,<br />

for the total working population and by sex.<br />

Employment is also broken down into the major occupational<br />

groups of the ILO International Standard Classifi cation of<br />

Occupations (1968). It proved possible to apply this classifi cation<br />

in all the countries except Argentina, and that country is therefore<br />

not inclu<strong>de</strong>d in any of the tables on the percentage breakdown<br />

of the employed population by occupational group.<br />

The urban open unemployment rate represents the number<br />

of persons who have sought employment but who have not<br />

worked during the r<strong>el</strong>evant period, stated as a percentage<br />

of the total EAP. The rea<strong>de</strong>r should bear in mind that the<br />

fi gures do not all refer to the same time period, since the<br />

reference periods used for these purposes in national surveys<br />

vary from one country to the next.<br />

Unemployment rate provi<strong>de</strong>d by the Economic<br />

Dev<strong>el</strong>opment Division of ECLAC. These unemployment<br />

rates are <strong>de</strong>rived from offi cial sources in the countries,<br />

collected by the Economic Dev<strong>el</strong>opment Division, and used<br />

by ECLAC in its main economic publications. Data refer<br />

to open unemployment rates, except where a note indicates<br />

that hid<strong>de</strong>n unemployment is inclu<strong>de</strong>d.<br />

ILO estimates. This edition of the Yearbook inclu<strong>de</strong>s a<br />

new indicator calculated by ILO, the youth unemployment<br />

rate (for people aged 15 to 24). This indicator is used for<br />

monitoring target 16 of the Millennium Dev<strong>el</strong>opment Goals,<br />

which r<strong>el</strong>ates to the need to “<strong>de</strong>v<strong>el</strong>op and implement strategies<br />

for <strong>de</strong>cent and productive work for youth”.<br />

1.3 Education<br />

This section contains data on the educational lev<strong>el</strong> of the<br />

population potentially available for the labour market, on<br />

the capacity of the educational system to incorporate the<br />

school-age segment of the population, and on the human and


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 367<br />

humanos y materiales invertidos en la educación. Las fuentes<br />

principales <strong>de</strong> información son <strong>el</strong> Instituto <strong>de</strong> Estadística <strong>de</strong><br />

la Organización <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la<br />

Ciencia y la Cultura (UNESCO) y la División <strong>de</strong> Estadística<br />

y Proyecciones Económicas <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL. En esta edición<br />

<strong>de</strong>l <strong>Anuario</strong>, los cuadros 1.3.10 a 1.3.14 no están incluidos<br />

en la versión impresa, sin embargo pue<strong>de</strong>n encontrarse en <strong>el</strong><br />

CD-ROM así como en la versión publicada en Internet.<br />

Analfabetismo. Es <strong>el</strong> porcentaje <strong>de</strong> mayores <strong>de</strong> 15<br />

años que <strong>de</strong>claran no saber leer ni escribir en los censos<br />

y encuestas. En esta edición <strong>de</strong>l <strong>Anuario</strong> se incluyen dos<br />

cuadros sobre este indicador. En <strong>el</strong> primero se indican los<br />

niv<strong>el</strong>es <strong>de</strong> analfabetismo <strong>de</strong> la población por sexo, para los<br />

años 1990, 2000 y 2005, sobre la base <strong>de</strong> las estimaciones<br />

<strong>de</strong> la UNESCO. En <strong>el</strong> segundo se indican los niv<strong>el</strong>es <strong>de</strong><br />

analfabetismo <strong>de</strong> la población urbana, clasifi cada por sexo y<br />

grupos <strong>de</strong> edad, alre<strong>de</strong>dor <strong>de</strong>l año 2004; los datos provienen<br />

<strong>de</strong> tabulaciones especiales <strong>de</strong> las encuestas <strong>de</strong> hogares.<br />

Matrícula en cada niv<strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong> enseñanza. Para su medición<br />

se ha adoptado la tasa neta <strong>de</strong> matrícula, que representa la<br />

r<strong>el</strong>ación entre <strong>el</strong> total <strong>de</strong> matriculados en edad escolar ofi cial<br />

en cada uno <strong>de</strong> los niv<strong>el</strong>es <strong>de</strong> enseñanza y la población total<br />

en edad escolar ofi cial (excepto en <strong>el</strong> caso <strong>de</strong> la educación<br />

<strong>de</strong> tercer niv<strong>el</strong> para <strong>el</strong> cual se consi<strong>de</strong>ró la tasa bruta <strong>de</strong><br />

matrícula). En la comparación internacional <strong>de</strong> estos datos<br />

<strong>de</strong>be tenerse en cuenta que los países no guardan uniformidad<br />

con respecto a los programas y extensión <strong>de</strong> cada niv<strong>el</strong>. Los<br />

cambios efectuados por los países en la extensión <strong>de</strong> cada niv<strong>el</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong> enseñanza, que en general ha signifi cado un aumento <strong>de</strong><br />

los años <strong>de</strong> estudio en <strong>el</strong> primer niv<strong>el</strong> y una disminución <strong>de</strong><br />

los <strong>de</strong>l segundo, afectan la comparabilidad <strong>de</strong> la información<br />

a través <strong>de</strong>l tiempo en ambos niv<strong>el</strong>es <strong>de</strong> enseñanza, tanto en<br />

lo r<strong>el</strong>ativo a la matrícula como a los maestros.<br />

Según la <strong>de</strong>fi nición <strong>de</strong> la UNESCO, la enseñanza <strong>de</strong><br />

segundo niv<strong>el</strong> es la que se imparte en las escu<strong>el</strong>as <strong>de</strong> enseñanza<br />

general, normal y vocacional. Mientras que <strong>el</strong> título obtenido<br />

en la primera permite <strong>el</strong> ingreso al tercer niv<strong>el</strong>, <strong>el</strong>lo no es<br />

necesariamente así en <strong>el</strong> caso <strong>de</strong> las otras dos. La enseñanza<br />

<strong>de</strong> tercer niv<strong>el</strong> es aqu<strong>el</strong>la para cuya admisión se exige como<br />

condición mínima haber cursado con éxito <strong>el</strong> segundo<br />

niv<strong>el</strong> o estar en condiciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>mostrar la posesión <strong>de</strong><br />

conocimientos equivalentes. En la comparación <strong>de</strong> los datos<br />

<strong>de</strong> matrícula en <strong>el</strong> tercer niv<strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong>berá consi<strong>de</strong>rarse <strong>el</strong> posible<br />

efecto <strong>de</strong> las diferencias en la proporción <strong>de</strong> estudiantes <strong>de</strong><br />

tiempo parcial, así como las variaciones entre los países en<br />

cuanto al tipo <strong>de</strong> instituciones educativas que se consi<strong>de</strong>ran<br />

<strong>de</strong> tercer niv<strong>el</strong>.<br />

Gasto público en educación. Se ha tomado como indicador<br />

<strong>el</strong> porcentaje <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto, en moneda nacional<br />

a precios corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado, <strong>de</strong>dicado a la educación.<br />

Compren<strong>de</strong>, en general, todos los gastos <strong>de</strong>stinados a la<br />

educación que efectúa <strong>el</strong> gobierno central consolidado.<br />

material resources invested in education. The main sources<br />

of information are the Institute for Statistics of the United<br />

Nations Educational, Scientifi c and Cultural Organization<br />

(UNESCO) and the Statistics and Economic Projections<br />

Division of ECLAC. In this edition of the Yearbook, the<br />

tables numbered from 1.3.10 to 1.3.14 are not inclu<strong>de</strong>d in<br />

the printed version, but can be found in the CD-ROM and<br />

Internet versions.<br />

Illiteracy. The percentage of persons over 15 years of<br />

age who state, in response to census or survey questions,<br />

that they do not know how to read or write. This edition of<br />

the Yearbook inclu<strong>de</strong>s two tables based on this indicator. The<br />

fi rst gives the illiteracy rates for the population by sex, for<br />

1990, 2000 and 2005, on the basis of UNESCO estimates.<br />

The second shows illiteracy rates around 2004, for the urban<br />

population by sex and age group, using special tabulations<br />

of household survey data.<br />

Enrolment at each lev<strong>el</strong> of education. The measurement<br />

used for this variable is the net school enrolment rate,<br />

which is the ratio of the total number of pupils of offi cial<br />

school age enrolled in each lev<strong>el</strong> of education to the total<br />

population of offi cial school age (except in the case of<br />

third-lev<strong>el</strong> education, for which the gross school enrolment<br />

rate is used). In comparing these data internationally, it<br />

should be borne in mind that countries vary with respect<br />

to the content and the length of each lev<strong>el</strong>. Changes ma<strong>de</strong><br />

by the countries in regard to the duration of studies in<br />

each lev<strong>el</strong> of education, which have generally involved<br />

increasing the years of schooling in the fi rst lev<strong>el</strong> and<br />

<strong>de</strong>creasing those in the second, affect the comparability<br />

across time of the information on enrolment and teachers<br />

in both lev<strong>el</strong>s of education.<br />

As <strong>de</strong>fi ned by UNESCO, second-lev<strong>el</strong> education is the<br />

instruction provi<strong>de</strong>d in general education schools, teachertraining<br />

schools and vocational schools. A diploma awar<strong>de</strong>d<br />

by a general education school makes it possible to enter the<br />

third lev<strong>el</strong>, but this is not necessarily true of the other two types<br />

of secondary schools. Third-lev<strong>el</strong> education is education for<br />

admission to which it is necessary, as a minimum condition,<br />

to have successfully completed the second lev<strong>el</strong> or to be able<br />

to <strong>de</strong>monstrate the possession of equivalent knowledge. When<br />

comparing data on enrolment in third-lev<strong>el</strong> education, account<br />

should be taken of the possible effect of differences in the<br />

proportion of part-time stu<strong>de</strong>nts and of variations among<br />

countries as to what types of institutions are consi<strong>de</strong>red to<br />

provi<strong>de</strong> third-lev<strong>el</strong> education.<br />

Public expenditure on education. The indicator used is<br />

the percentage of the gross domestic product, expressed in<br />

local currency at current market prices, allocated to education.<br />

It inclu<strong>de</strong>s, in general, all expenditures on education by the<br />

consolidated central government.


368 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

<br />

1.4 Salud<br />

En esta sección se presenta un cuadro sobre indicadores <strong>de</strong><br />

salud calculados por organismos internacionales como <strong>el</strong><br />

Fondo <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia (UNICEF),<br />

la Organización Mundial <strong>de</strong> la Salud (OMS), <strong>el</strong> Fondo <strong>de</strong><br />

Población <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas (UNFPA) y la Organización<br />

<strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación<br />

(FAO); se presenta otro cuadro sobre tasas <strong>de</strong> mortalidad<br />

infantil calculadas por <strong>el</strong> Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeño<br />

<strong>de</strong> Demografía (CELADE) - División <strong>de</strong> Población <strong>de</strong> la<br />

CEPAL y la División <strong>de</strong> Población <strong>de</strong> Naciones Unidas,<br />

así como series e indicadores sobre los niv<strong>el</strong>es <strong>de</strong> recursos<br />

humanos y materiales <strong>de</strong>l sector salud a los que potencialmente<br />

podría acce<strong>de</strong>r la población. En esta edición <strong>de</strong>l <strong>Anuario</strong>,<br />

los cuadros 1.4.6 y 1.4.7 no están incluidos en la versión<br />

impresa, sin embargo pue<strong>de</strong>n encontrarse en <strong>el</strong> CD-ROM<br />

así como en la versión publicada en Internet.<br />

Los indicadores <strong>de</strong> salud s<strong>el</strong>eccionados (cuadro 1.4.1)<br />

son los siguientes:<br />

Mortalidad materna. Se <strong>de</strong>fi ne como <strong>el</strong> número <strong>de</strong> mujeres<br />

fallecidas anualmente por causas r<strong>el</strong>acionadas con <strong>el</strong> embarazo,<br />

<strong>el</strong> parto y <strong>el</strong> puerperio, por cada 100.000 nacidos vivos.<br />

Partos atendidos por personal califi cado. Es la r<strong>el</strong>ación<br />

porcentual entre los partos atendidos por médicos, enfermeras,<br />

matronas y agentes califi cados <strong>de</strong> atención primaria <strong>de</strong> salud<br />

o matronas tradicionales capacitadas, y <strong>el</strong> total <strong>de</strong> nacimientos<br />

estimados por métodos indirectos.<br />

Mortalidad <strong>de</strong> menores <strong>de</strong> cinco años. Este indicador,<br />

calculado por <strong>el</strong> Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeño <strong>de</strong><br />

Demografía (CELADE) - División <strong>de</strong> Población <strong>de</strong> la<br />

CEPAL, correspon<strong>de</strong> a estimaciones <strong>de</strong> la probabilidad<br />

<strong>de</strong> muerte antes <strong>de</strong> los cinco años basadas en datos<br />

provenientes <strong>de</strong> estadísticas vitales, censos <strong>de</strong> población y<br />

encuestas por muestreo. En este caso, se toman en cuenta<br />

las <strong>de</strong>fi ciencias <strong>de</strong> los métodos empleados en cada fuente<br />

y los valores adoptados a niv<strong>el</strong> nacional e internacional.<br />

Las estimaciones comparables entre países presentaron<br />

difi culta<strong>de</strong>s, <strong>de</strong>bido a las características <strong>de</strong> las fuentes y<br />

las diferencias <strong>de</strong> metodología y criterios <strong>de</strong> medición.<br />

Malnutrición infantil medida por <strong>el</strong> peso. Correspon<strong>de</strong><br />

al porcentaje <strong>de</strong> niños menores <strong>de</strong> 5 años con <strong>de</strong>fi ciencia o<br />

exceso <strong>de</strong> nutrientes que interfi eren con su salud o potencial<br />

genético para <strong>el</strong> crecimiento. Se mi<strong>de</strong> como la proporción<br />

<strong>de</strong> niños cuyo peso es inferior al 80% <strong>de</strong>l estándar para la<br />

edad o utilizando la escala <strong>de</strong> malnutrición <strong>de</strong> Gómez.<br />

1.4 Health<br />

This section inclu<strong>de</strong>s a table of health indicators calculated<br />

by international organizations including the United<br />

Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), the World Health<br />

Organization (WHO), the United Nations Population Fund<br />

(UNFPA) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of<br />

the United Nations (FAO), and another on infant mortality<br />

rates calculated by CELADE - Population Division of<br />

ECLAC and the Population Division of the United Nations.<br />

It also inclu<strong>de</strong>s series and indicators on the lev<strong>el</strong>s of<br />

human and material resources in the health sector that<br />

are potentially available to the population. In this edition<br />

of the Yearbook, tables 1.4.6 and 1.4.7 are not inclu<strong>de</strong>d<br />

in the printed version, but can be found in the CD-ROM<br />

and Internet versions.<br />

The s<strong>el</strong>ected health indicators (table 1.4.1) are as<br />

follows:<br />

Maternal mortality. This is <strong>de</strong>fi ned as the number of<br />

women who die per year from pregnancy- or childbirthr<strong>el</strong>ated<br />

causes, per 100,000 live births.<br />

Births atten<strong>de</strong>d by specialized personn<strong>el</strong>. The number<br />

of births atten<strong>de</strong>d by doctors, nurses, midwives, personn<strong>el</strong><br />

trained to administer primary healthcare or trained traditional<br />

midwives as a percentage of the total number of births as<br />

estimated by indirect means.<br />

Child mortality (un<strong>de</strong>r 5 years of age). This indicator,<br />

calculated by CELADE - Population Division of ECLAC,<br />

estimates the probability of <strong>de</strong>ath occurring before fi ve<br />

years of age on the basis of data drawn from vital statistics,<br />

population censuses and sampling surveys. The shortcomings<br />

of the estimation methods used by each such source are<br />

taken into account, as are the values in use at the national<br />

and international lev<strong>el</strong>s. The preparation of estimates that<br />

will be comparable across countries is diffi cult in this case,<br />

owing to the varying characteristics of the sources used<br />

and differences in the methodologies and measurement<br />

criteria applied.<br />

Child malnutrition by weight. Children un<strong>de</strong>r fi ve with<br />

a <strong>de</strong>fi ciency or excess of nutrients that affects their health<br />

or genetic growth potential. This indicator is measured by<br />

the proportion of children who weigh less than 80% of the<br />

standard body weight for their age or by using the Gomez<br />

system of classifi cation of malnutrition.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 369<br />

Malnutrición medida por la talla. Correspon<strong>de</strong> al<br />

porcentaje <strong>de</strong> niños menores <strong>de</strong> 5 años cuya talla es inferior a<br />

la estándar para la edad, <strong>de</strong> acuerdo con mediciones técnicas<br />

<strong>de</strong>fi nidas para tales efectos.<br />

Porcentaje <strong>de</strong> niños <strong>de</strong> un año vacunados contra <strong>el</strong><br />

sarampión. Este indicador, calculado por <strong>el</strong> Fondo <strong>de</strong> las<br />

Naciones Unidas para la Infancia (UNICEF) y la Organización<br />

Mundial <strong>de</strong> la Salud (OMS), se utiliza para <strong>el</strong> monitoreo <strong>de</strong><br />

la meta 5 <strong>de</strong> los objetivos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sarrollo <strong>de</strong>l Milenio r<strong>el</strong>ativa<br />

a la reducción <strong>de</strong> la mortalidad en la niñez.<br />

Porcentaje <strong>de</strong> población por <strong>de</strong>bajo <strong>de</strong>l niv<strong>el</strong> mínimo <strong>de</strong><br />

consumo <strong>de</strong> energía alimentaria. Los datos sobre personas<br />

subalimentadas, cuyo consumo <strong>de</strong> energía alimentaria es<br />

permanentemente inferior a las necesida<strong>de</strong>s mínimas <strong>de</strong> energía<br />

alimentaria para llevar una vida sana y realizar una actividad física<br />

liviana, también provienen <strong>de</strong> la Organización <strong>de</strong> las Naciones<br />

Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación (FAO).<br />

Disponibilidad <strong>de</strong> energía alimentaria. Correspon<strong>de</strong> a las<br />

estimaciones <strong>de</strong> la Organización <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas para la<br />

Agricultura y la Alimentación (FAO) que indican <strong>el</strong> suministro<br />

<strong>de</strong> energía alimentaria en kilocalorías por día por persona.<br />

En este capítulo se presentan, a<strong>de</strong>más, cuadros sobre<br />

los siguientes indicadores:<br />

Mortalidad infantil. Es la probabilidad que tiene un nacido<br />

vivo <strong>de</strong> morir antes <strong>de</strong> cumplir un año <strong>de</strong> vida. En la práctica,<br />

se <strong>de</strong>fi ne como <strong>el</strong> cociente entre las <strong>de</strong>funciones <strong>de</strong> menores<br />

<strong>de</strong> un año, ocurridas en un lapso <strong>de</strong> tiempo, y los nacimientos<br />

ocurridos en <strong>el</strong> mismo lapso, expresado por mil nacidos vivos.<br />

Generalmente las cifras se extraen <strong>de</strong> las estadísticas <strong>de</strong><br />

registros vitales, aunque <strong>de</strong>ben tenerse en cuenta <strong>el</strong> subregistro<br />

<strong>de</strong> los nacimientos y las <strong>de</strong>funciones, así como su falta <strong>de</strong><br />

precisión. Para evitar estos problemas, se adoptaron las tasas<br />

<strong>de</strong> mortalidad infantil <strong>de</strong> las tablas <strong>de</strong> mortalidad implícitas<br />

en las estimaciones y proyecciones <strong>de</strong> población, <strong>el</strong>aboradas<br />

por <strong>el</strong> Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeño <strong>de</strong> Demografía<br />

(CELADE) - División <strong>de</strong> Población <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL.<br />

Número <strong>de</strong> habitantes por médico. Con respecto a la<br />

información sobre <strong>el</strong> número <strong>de</strong> médicos, es necesario tener<br />

presente que no existen métodos <strong>de</strong> recopilación uniformes, ni<br />

entre los países, ni <strong>de</strong>ntro <strong>de</strong> un mismo país a lo largo <strong>de</strong>l tiempo.<br />

En algunos países, la información solo se refi ere a los médicos<br />

que trabajan para los ministerios <strong>de</strong> salud o en instituciones<br />

hospitalarias. En otros, en cambio, las cifras se obtienen <strong>de</strong><br />

informes <strong>de</strong> los establecimientos hospitalarios. Debido a que<br />

estos profesionales trabajan jornadas parciales en diferentes<br />

centros asistenciales, es posible que se los incluya más <strong>de</strong> una<br />

vez en la estadística fi nal. Por <strong>el</strong>lo, la comparación <strong>de</strong> los valores<br />

<strong>de</strong> este indicador entre países y entre distintos momentos en un<br />

mismo país, <strong>de</strong>be hacerse con caut<strong>el</strong>a, y <strong>de</strong>be complementarse y<br />

controlarse sobre la base <strong>de</strong>l comportamiento <strong>de</strong> otros indicadores<br />

<strong>de</strong>l acceso potencial <strong>de</strong> la población a los servicios <strong>de</strong> salud.<br />

Child malnutrition by height. Children un<strong>de</strong>r fi ve who<br />

measure less than the average height for their age, according<br />

to technical measurements <strong>de</strong>v<strong>el</strong>oped for the purpose.<br />

Proportion of one-year-old children immunized against<br />

measles. This indicator, calculated by UNICEF and WHO,<br />

is used in monitoring target 5 of the MDGs, which r<strong>el</strong>ates<br />

to reducing the un<strong>de</strong>r-fi ve mortality rate.<br />

Proportion of the population b<strong>el</strong>ow the minimum lev<strong>el</strong> of<br />

dietary energy consumption. Data on un<strong>de</strong>rnourished persons,<br />

those whose food consumption remains permanently b<strong>el</strong>ow<br />

the minimum lev<strong>el</strong>s of dietary energy requirements in or<strong>de</strong>r<br />

to live a healthy life and engage in light physical activity,<br />

also come from FAO.<br />

Dietary energy supply. Estimates by FAO indicating the<br />

dietary energy supply in kilocalories per person per day.<br />

This chapter also contains tables on the following<br />

indicators:<br />

Infant mortality. This is the probability of a live-born<br />

dying before reaching the age of one. In practice, it is<br />

<strong>de</strong>fi ned as the ratio of <strong>de</strong>aths of infants un<strong>de</strong>r one year of<br />

age, occurring within a given period, to the number of births<br />

occurring in the same period, expressed per thousand live<br />

births. In general, the fi gures are taken from vital statistics<br />

registers, which frequently un<strong>de</strong>r-record both births and<br />

<strong>de</strong>aths or fail to record them with the same accuracy. In<br />

or<strong>de</strong>r to avoid such problems, the infant mortality rates<br />

implicit in the population estimates and projections prepared<br />

by CELADE - Population Division of ECLAC were taken<br />

from the life tables.<br />

Number of inhabitants per doctor. With regard to the<br />

information on the number of doctors, it should be noted<br />

that compilation methods are not uniform either from one<br />

country to another or within a single country over time. In<br />

some countries, the information covers only those doctors<br />

who work for the Ministry of Health or in hospitals. In others,<br />

the fi gures are obtained from reports issued by hospitals,<br />

and since doctors often work part-time in various medical<br />

centres, they may be counted more than once in the fi nal<br />

statistics. For these reasons, caution must be exercised in<br />

comparing the values shown for this indicator, both between<br />

countries and at different times within the same country.<br />

Such comparisons should be supplemented by and checked<br />

against the trends of other indicators of the potential access<br />

of the population to health services.


370 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

Camas <strong>de</strong> hospital. Se entien<strong>de</strong> por cama <strong>de</strong> hospital<br />

aqu<strong>el</strong>la instalada en una institución hospitalaria en la que<br />

hay personal y equipos necesarios para que <strong>el</strong> paciente<br />

hospitalizado pueda utilizarla durante las 24 horas <strong>de</strong>l día.<br />

La calidad <strong>de</strong> esta información <strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> la estructura<br />

<strong>de</strong>l sistema <strong>de</strong> prestación <strong>de</strong> servicios <strong>de</strong> salud. Cuando un<br />

organismo o ministerio tiene <strong>el</strong> control sobre la mayoría <strong>de</strong><br />

los hospitales, su<strong>el</strong>e ser más fácil obtener datos completos<br />

y comparables; no así cuando varias instituciones, públicas<br />

o privadas, comparten esta responsabilidad.<br />

Gasto público en salud. Las cifras correspon<strong>de</strong>n al<br />

porcentaje que representa <strong>el</strong> gasto en salud <strong>de</strong>l gobierno<br />

central consolidado en <strong>el</strong> producto interno bruto a precios<br />

corrientes <strong>de</strong> mercado. En la comparación <strong>de</strong> las cifras, <strong>el</strong><br />

lector <strong>de</strong>berá tener presente que no se incluyen los gastos<br />

en salud que no provienen <strong>de</strong>l gobierno central.<br />

<br />

1.5 Vivienda y servicios básicos<br />

En esta sección se incluyen estadísticas e indicadores sobre<br />

características <strong>de</strong> las viviendas <strong>de</strong> la población latinoamericana<br />

y caribeña y <strong>de</strong> los servicios básicos a su disposición. Los<br />

datos sobre agua y saneamiento calculados por la División<br />

<strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones Económicas <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL<br />

y <strong>el</strong> Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeño <strong>de</strong> Demografía<br />

(CELADE) - División <strong>de</strong> Población <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL no son<br />

comparables con los datos proporcionados por <strong>el</strong> Programa<br />

Conjunto <strong>de</strong> Monitoreo <strong>de</strong>l Abastecimiento <strong>de</strong> Agua y<br />

Saneamiento <strong>de</strong> la Organización Mundial <strong>de</strong> la Salud (OMS)<br />

y <strong>el</strong> Fondo <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia (UNICEF).<br />

Mientras que la CEPAL usa exclusivamente encuestas <strong>de</strong><br />

hogares o censos <strong>de</strong> población y vivienda como fuentes<br />

<strong>de</strong> información, la OMS y <strong>el</strong> UNICEF utilizan a<strong>de</strong>más<br />

encuestas <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>mografía y salud, encuestas mundiales <strong>de</strong><br />

salud, encuestas sobre la base <strong>de</strong> indicadores múltiples y<br />

cuestionarios <strong>de</strong> evaluación; asimismo, las <strong>de</strong>fi niciones <strong>de</strong><br />

agua y saneamiento utilizadas por la CEPAL pue<strong>de</strong>n diferir<br />

<strong>de</strong> las <strong>de</strong> la OMS y <strong>el</strong> UNICEF.<br />

Unidad <strong>de</strong> vivienda. El término <strong>de</strong>signa <strong>el</strong> local <strong>de</strong><br />

habitación o vivienda <strong>de</strong>stinado a alojar un hogar particular,<br />

aunque en <strong>el</strong> momento <strong>de</strong> recoger los datos pueda haber estado<br />

ocupado por más <strong>de</strong> un hogar particular. También se incluyen<br />

locales que aun cuando no hayan sido originalmente concebidos<br />

para alojar hogares particulares, <strong>de</strong> hecho lo hacen.<br />

Hospital beds. The term “hospital bed” is un<strong>de</strong>rstood to<br />

mean a bed in an institution providing hospital care and having<br />

the staff and equipment nee<strong>de</strong>d to care for hospitalized patients<br />

24 hours a day. The quality of this information <strong>de</strong>pends on<br />

the structure of the health service system. When a particular<br />

body or ministry has authority over most of the hospitals,<br />

it is usually easier to obtain complete and comparable data<br />

than when this responsibility is shared by many institutions,<br />

whether public or private.<br />

Public expenditure on health. The fi gures correspond to<br />

the consolidated central government’s expenditure on health<br />

as a percentage of the gross domestic product at current<br />

market prices. In comparing the fi gures, the rea<strong>de</strong>r should<br />

bear in mind that they do not cover health expenditures by<br />

any entity other than the central government.<br />

1.5 Housing and basic services<br />

This section inclu<strong>de</strong>s statistics and indicators on the<br />

characteristics of the housing lived in by the Latin<br />

American and Caribbean population and on the basic<br />

services available to them. The data on water and sanitation<br />

calculated by the Statistics and Economic Projections<br />

Division of ECLAC and CELADE - Population Division<br />

of ECLAC are not comparable with those provi<strong>de</strong>d by the<br />

WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for<br />

Water Supply and Sanitation. Whereas ECLAC uses only<br />

household surveys or population and housing censuses as<br />

its sources of information, OMS and UNICEF also use<br />

<strong>de</strong>mographic and health surveys, world health surveys,<br />

multiple indicator cluster surveys (MICS) and assessment<br />

questionnaires; also, the water and sanitation <strong>de</strong>fi nitions<br />

used by ECLAC may differ from those used by WHO<br />

and UNICEF.<br />

Dw<strong>el</strong>ling unit. This term refers to dw<strong>el</strong>lings or living<br />

quarters inten<strong>de</strong>d to house one private household, even though<br />

at the time when the data were collected it may have been<br />

occupied by more than one private household. Also inclu<strong>de</strong>d<br />

are premises which, although not originally inten<strong>de</strong>d as<br />

private dw<strong>el</strong>ling units, are in fact occupied as such.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 371<br />

Tipo <strong>de</strong> tenencia. Se refi ere al tipo <strong>de</strong> convenio según<br />

<strong>el</strong> cual un hogar ocupa una vivienda, ya sea en propiedad,<br />

arriendo o <strong>de</strong> acuerdo con algún otro sistema.<br />

Acceso al agua potable. Según la CEPAL, la población<br />

que dispone <strong>de</strong> agua potable es la que pue<strong>de</strong> acce<strong>de</strong>r al agua<br />

no contaminada sin que <strong>el</strong>lo requiera <strong>el</strong> uso <strong>de</strong> una parte<br />

<strong>de</strong>sproporcionadamente alta <strong>de</strong> su tiempo. En general, para<br />

<strong>el</strong> sector urbano se su<strong>el</strong>e establecer como criterio que la<br />

fuente <strong>de</strong> agua no esté a más <strong>de</strong> 200 metros <strong>de</strong> la vivienda<br />

<strong>de</strong>l consumidor. Los problemas <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>fi nición operativa son<br />

mucho más complejos en <strong>el</strong> sector rural, lo que afecta la<br />

confi abilidad <strong>de</strong> los datos <strong>de</strong> ese sector.<br />

Sistemas <strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong>iminación <strong>de</strong> excretas. Se incluyen datos<br />

sobre <strong>el</strong> número <strong>de</strong> viviendas conectadas a los sistemas <strong>de</strong><br />

alcantarillado y sobre la población que, residiendo en <strong>el</strong>las,<br />

tiene acceso por ese medio a sistemas <strong>de</strong> recolección y<br />

<strong>el</strong>iminación (con o sin tratamiento) <strong>de</strong> excrementos humanos<br />

y <strong>de</strong> aguas servidas que son arrastrados por corrientes <strong>de</strong><br />

agua. También se incluye una estimación <strong>de</strong> la población que<br />

resi<strong>de</strong> en las áreas urbanas en las que existen re<strong>de</strong>s públicas<br />

<strong>de</strong> instalaciones <strong>de</strong> excretas y aguas servidas.<br />

Alumbrado. Se mi<strong>de</strong> por <strong>el</strong> número <strong>de</strong> viviendas que<br />

cuentan con instalación <strong>de</strong> luz <strong>el</strong>éctrica y <strong>el</strong> tamaño <strong>de</strong> la<br />

población que resi<strong>de</strong> en <strong>el</strong>las.<br />

Población con acceso sostenible a mejores fuentes <strong>de</strong><br />

abastecimiento <strong>de</strong> agua potable y a mejores servicios <strong>de</strong><br />

saneamiento. Estos datos son calculados por <strong>el</strong> Programa<br />

Conjunto <strong>de</strong> Monitoreo <strong>de</strong>l Abastecimiento <strong>de</strong> Agua y <strong>de</strong>l<br />

Saneamiento <strong>de</strong> la Organización Mundial <strong>de</strong> la Salud (OMS)<br />

y <strong>el</strong> Fondo <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia (UNICEF)<br />

sobre la base <strong>de</strong> cuestionarios <strong>de</strong> evaluación y encuestas <strong>de</strong><br />

hogares. Los datos <strong>de</strong> la OMS y <strong>el</strong> UNICEF se utilizan para <strong>el</strong><br />

monitoreo en <strong>el</strong> ámbito global <strong>de</strong> la meta 10 <strong>de</strong> los objetivos<br />

<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sarrollo <strong>de</strong>l Milenio, r<strong>el</strong>ativa a la reducción <strong>de</strong>l porcentaje<br />

<strong>de</strong> personas que carecen <strong>de</strong> acceso al agua potable.<br />

<br />

1.6 Pobreza y distribución <strong>de</strong>l<br />

ingreso<br />

Los índices <strong>de</strong> pobreza, indigencia y distribución <strong>de</strong>l ingreso<br />

que fi guran en esta publicación fueron <strong>el</strong>aborados por la<br />

División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones Económicas <strong>de</strong> la<br />

CEPAL sobre la base <strong>de</strong> información proporcionada por las<br />

encuestas <strong>de</strong> hogares.<br />

Type of housing tenure. Refers to the type of agreement<br />

un<strong>de</strong>r which a household occupies a dw<strong>el</strong>ling, either as<br />

owner, tenant or un<strong>de</strong>r some other system.<br />

Access to drinking water. As <strong>de</strong>fi ned by ECLAC, the<br />

population having access to drinking water is that which can<br />

obtain unpolluted water without <strong>de</strong>voting a disproportionate<br />

amount of time to this task. Generally, the criterion for the<br />

urban sector is that the source of water should be no further<br />

than 200 metres from the user’s dw<strong>el</strong>ling. The problems of<br />

establishing an operative <strong>de</strong>fi nition are much more complex<br />

in the rural sector, and this affects the r<strong>el</strong>iability of the data<br />

for that sector.<br />

Sewage disposal systems. Data are inclu<strong>de</strong>d on the<br />

number of dw<strong>el</strong>lings connected to sewerage systems and<br />

on the population residing in such dw<strong>el</strong>lings which thereby<br />

has access to systems for the collection and disposal (with<br />

or without treatment) of human waste and other effl uent<br />

which are carried away by running water. An estimate is also<br />

inclu<strong>de</strong>d of the population residing in urban areas where there<br />

are networks of public facilities for the disposal of human<br />

waste and other sewage.<br />

Lighting. This was measured on the basis of the number<br />

of dw<strong>el</strong>lings that have <strong>el</strong>ectric lighting and the size of the<br />

population living in them.<br />

Population groups with sustainable access to improved<br />

drinking-water supplies and improved sanitation services.<br />

These data are calculated by the WHO/UNICEF Joint<br />

Monitoring Programme on Water Supply and Sanitation<br />

on the basis of assessment questionnaires and household<br />

surveys. The WHO/UNICEF data are used for worldwi<strong>de</strong><br />

monitoring of Target 10 of the Millennium Dev<strong>el</strong>opment<br />

Goals, which r<strong>el</strong>ates to reducing the proportion of people<br />

without sustainable access to safe drinking water.<br />

1.6 Poverty and income<br />

distribution<br />

The poverty, indigence and income distribution indices<br />

contained in this publication were calculated by the Statistics<br />

and Economic Projections Division of ECLAC on the basis<br />

of information obtained from household surveys.


372 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

Las estimaciones sobre pobreza absoluta fueron realizadas<br />

por la CEPAL mediante <strong>el</strong> “método <strong>de</strong>l ingreso”, que se basa en<br />

<strong>el</strong> cálculo <strong>de</strong> las líneas <strong>de</strong> pobreza e indigencia. Estas representan<br />

<strong>el</strong> niv<strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong> ingreso que permite a cada hogar satisfacer las<br />

necesida<strong>de</strong>s básicas <strong>de</strong> todos sus miembros. La <strong>de</strong>terminación<br />

<strong>de</strong> las líneas <strong>de</strong> pobreza <strong>de</strong> cada país y zona geográfi ca se basó<br />

en una estimación <strong>de</strong>l costo <strong>de</strong> una canasta básica <strong>de</strong> alimentos<br />

que permite cubrir las necesida<strong>de</strong>s nutricionales <strong>de</strong> la población y<br />

que consi<strong>de</strong>ra sus hábitos <strong>de</strong> consumo, así como la disponibilidad<br />

efectiva <strong>de</strong> alimentos en <strong>el</strong> país y los precios r<strong>el</strong>ativos <strong>de</strong> los<br />

mismos. Al valor <strong>de</strong> esta canasta se sumó una estimación <strong>de</strong> los<br />

recursos requeridos por los hogares para satisfacer <strong>el</strong> conjunto<br />

<strong>de</strong> las necesida<strong>de</strong>s básicas no alimentarias.<br />

Las líneas <strong>de</strong> indigencia correspon<strong>de</strong>n al costo <strong>de</strong> la canasta<br />

básica alimentaria, en tanto que los indigentes (o extremadamente<br />

pobres) son las personas que resi<strong>de</strong>n en hogares cuyos ingresos<br />

son tan bajos que aunque los <strong>de</strong>stinaran íntegramente a comprar<br />

alimentos, no lograrían satisfacer a<strong>de</strong>cuadamente las necesida<strong>de</strong>s<br />

nutricionales <strong>de</strong> todos sus miembros.<br />

Al calcular las líneas <strong>de</strong> indigencia, se tomaron en cuenta<br />

las diferencias <strong>de</strong> precio <strong>de</strong> los alimentos entre las áreas<br />

metropolitanas y las zonas urbanas y rurales. En general,<br />

las canastas básicas <strong>de</strong> alimentos <strong>de</strong> las zonas urbanas no<br />

metropolitanas y rurales se estimaron con precios 5% y 25%<br />

inferiores a los <strong>de</strong> las áreas metropolitanas, respectivamente.<br />

El valor <strong>de</strong> las líneas <strong>de</strong> pobreza <strong>de</strong> las zonas urbanas<br />

se obtuvo duplicando <strong>el</strong> valor <strong>de</strong> las líneas <strong>de</strong> indigencia, en<br />

tanto que <strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong> las zonas rurales se calculó incrementando en<br />

un 75% <strong>el</strong> presupuesto básico <strong>de</strong>stinado a la alimentación.<br />

Los porcentajes <strong>de</strong> hogares y <strong>de</strong> población pobre e indigente<br />

se obtuvieron contrastando <strong>el</strong> valor <strong>de</strong> ambos presupuestos<br />

con <strong>el</strong> ingreso total per cápita <strong>de</strong> cada hogar. Los índices<br />

nacionales <strong>de</strong> pobreza e indigencia se calcularon como<br />

promedios pon<strong>de</strong>rados <strong>de</strong> los respectivos índices <strong>de</strong> cada<br />

área geográfi ca, razón por la cual en <strong>el</strong>los infl uyen tanto la<br />

inci<strong>de</strong>ncia <strong>de</strong> la pobreza en cada área como su importancia<br />

r<strong>el</strong>ativa en la población total <strong>de</strong> cada país.<br />

En esta edición <strong>de</strong>l <strong>Anuario</strong> se introdujeron dos nuevos<br />

cuadros: uno sobre <strong>el</strong> coefi ciente <strong>de</strong> la brecha <strong>de</strong> pobreza e<br />

indigencia y otro sobre <strong>el</strong> índice <strong>de</strong> Gini.<br />

Coefi ciente <strong>de</strong> la brecha <strong>de</strong> pobreza e indigencia. Este<br />

indicador mi<strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong> défi cit r<strong>el</strong>ativo <strong>de</strong> ingresos <strong>de</strong> los pobres<br />

(o indigentes) con respecto al valor <strong>de</strong> la línea <strong>de</strong> pobreza (o<br />

indigencia). El coefi ciente <strong>de</strong> la brecha <strong>de</strong> pobreza se consi<strong>de</strong>ra<br />

más completo que <strong>el</strong> índice <strong>de</strong> recuento, porque no solo toma<br />

en cuenta la proporción <strong>de</strong> personas pobres sino también la<br />

diferencia entre sus ingresos y la línea <strong>de</strong> pobreza; es <strong>de</strong>cir,<br />

aña<strong>de</strong> información acerca <strong>de</strong> la profundidad <strong>de</strong> la pobreza.<br />

Índice <strong>de</strong> Gini. El índice <strong>de</strong> Gini se utiliza para medir<br />

la distribución <strong>de</strong>l ingreso. Es un índice que toma valores en<br />

<strong>el</strong> rango [0,1], don<strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong> valor cero correspon<strong>de</strong> a la equidad<br />

absoluta y <strong>el</strong> valor uno a la inequidad absoluta.<br />

The estimates of extreme poverty were prepared by<br />

ECLAC using the “income method”, which is based on<br />

the calculation of poverty and indigence lines. These lines<br />

represent the lev<strong>el</strong> of income required by a household<br />

in or<strong>de</strong>r to meet the basic needs of all its members. The<br />

poverty lines for each country and geographical area were<br />

<strong>de</strong>termined on the basis of the estimated cost of a basket<br />

of staple foods —taking into account eating habits and the<br />

actual availability of food in each country as w<strong>el</strong>l as r<strong>el</strong>ative<br />

prices— which meets the nutritional requirements of the<br />

population. The value of this basket was then ad<strong>de</strong>d to the<br />

total estimated sum required by households to meet their<br />

basic non-food needs.<br />

The indigence line <strong>de</strong>notes the cost of this basket of<br />

staple foods, and the indigent (or those living in extreme<br />

poverty) are <strong>de</strong>fi ned as persons who resi<strong>de</strong> in a household<br />

whose income is so low that even if the whole of that income<br />

were used to buy food, the household could not a<strong>de</strong>quat<strong>el</strong>y<br />

cover the nutritional needs of all its members.<br />

In calculating these lines, the differences among food prices<br />

in metropolitan areas, other urban zones and rural areas were<br />

taken into account. In most cases, estimates of the cost of these<br />

baskets of staple foods in non-metropolitan urban zones and<br />

rural areas were based on price lev<strong>el</strong>s 5% and 25%, respectiv<strong>el</strong>y,<br />

b<strong>el</strong>ow those used in the case of metropolitan areas.<br />

For urban areas, the poverty line was obtained by<br />

doubling the value of the indigence line, while for rural<br />

areas it was drawn at a point 75% above the lev<strong>el</strong> of the<br />

basic food budget. The percentages of households and<br />

persons classifi ed as poor and as indigent were obtained by<br />

comparing the value of the two budgets against the total per<br />

capita income of each household. Country indices of poverty<br />

and indigence were calculated as weighted averages of the<br />

corresponding indices for each geographical area. These<br />

indices are therefore infl uenced not only by the extent of<br />

poverty in each such area, but also by its inci<strong>de</strong>nce in terms<br />

of the total national population.<br />

Two new tables have been ad<strong>de</strong>d to this edition of the<br />

Yearbook: one on the poverty and indigence gap, and one<br />

on the Gini coeffi cient.<br />

Poverty and indigence gap: This indicator measures<br />

the r<strong>el</strong>ative income <strong>de</strong>fi cit of poor (or indigent) groups in<br />

r<strong>el</strong>ation to the poverty (or indigence) line. The poverty gap is<br />

consi<strong>de</strong>red more complete than the headcount in<strong>de</strong>x because<br />

it takes into account not only the proportion of poor people<br />

but also how far they are b<strong>el</strong>ow the poverty line; in other<br />

words, it adds information on the <strong>de</strong>gree of poverty.<br />

Gini coeffi cient: The Gini coeffi cient is used to measure<br />

income distribution. Its values range from 0 to 1, where 0 is<br />

equal to absolute equity and 1 to absolute inequity.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 373<br />

<br />

1.7 Género<br />

En esta nueva sección <strong>de</strong>l <strong>Anuario</strong> se presentan dos indicadores<br />

ofi ciales para <strong>el</strong> monitoreo <strong>de</strong>l tercer objetivo <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sarrollo<br />

<strong>de</strong>l Milenio, “promover la igualdad entre los sexos y la<br />

autonomía <strong>de</strong> la mujer”, así como un indicador sobre la<br />

<strong>de</strong>sigualdad salarial entre hombres y mujeres.<br />

R<strong>el</strong>ación <strong>de</strong> salarios entre los géneros, según años <strong>de</strong><br />

estudios aprobados. Proporción <strong>de</strong>l salario medio <strong>de</strong> las<br />

mujeres asalariadas urbanas, <strong>de</strong> 20 a 49 años <strong>de</strong> edad, que<br />

trabajan 35 horas y más por semana, respecto <strong>de</strong>l salario <strong>de</strong><br />

los hombres <strong>de</strong> iguales características.<br />

Proporción <strong>de</strong> mujeres entre los empleados remunerados<br />

en <strong>el</strong> sector no agrícola. Estos datos son recopilados por la<br />

Organización Internacional <strong>de</strong>l Trabajo (OIT), sobre la base<br />

<strong>de</strong> datos aportados por los países.<br />

Proporción <strong>de</strong> puestos ocupados por mujeres en <strong>el</strong><br />

parlamento nacional. Los parlamentos nacionales transmiten<br />

sus datos, al menos una vez al año a la Unión Interparlamentaria<br />

(UIP), particularmente cuando <strong>el</strong> número ha cambiado<br />

signifi cativamente. La UIP, a su vez, regularmente compila<br />

series internacionales y agregados regionales y globales. Para<br />

comparaciones internacionales se utiliza, generalmente, solo<br />

la cámara baja o única.<br />

1.7 Gen<strong>de</strong>r<br />

This new edition of the Yearbook presents two offi cial<br />

indicators used for monitoring the third Millennium<br />

Dev<strong>el</strong>opment Goal, “promote gen<strong>de</strong>r equality and empower<br />

women”, and an indicator on income inequality between<br />

men and women.<br />

Inter-gen<strong>de</strong>r wage ratio, by years of education completed.<br />

Refers to the ratio of the average pay rate of urban women<br />

wage earners between 20 and 49 years of age who work<br />

35 hours or more per week, to the pay rate of men with the<br />

same characteristics.<br />

Share of women in wage employment in the nonagricultural<br />

sector. This information is collected by the<br />

International Labour Organization (ILO) on the basis of<br />

data reported by the countries.<br />

Proportion of seats h<strong>el</strong>d by women in national<br />

parliament. National Parliaments pass on this information<br />

to the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) at least once a<br />

year, and particularly when there has been a signifi cant<br />

change. In its turn, IPU regularly compiles international<br />

series and regional and global aggregates. For international<br />

comparisons, use is generally ma<strong>de</strong> only of data r<strong>el</strong>ating<br />

to the lower or single chamber.


374 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 375<br />

2. Estadísticas económicas 2. Economic statistics<br />

<br />

En <strong>el</strong> capítulo sobre estadísticas económicas se presentan<br />

fundamentalmente los instrumentos <strong>estadístico</strong>s <strong>de</strong> síntesis<br />

que <strong>de</strong>scriben la evolución <strong>de</strong>l sector real y <strong>de</strong>l sector externo,<br />

es <strong>de</strong>cir, las cuentas nacionales y la balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos, así<br />

como también algunas estadísticas básicas, las sectoriales<br />

y las r<strong>el</strong>ativas a los precios internos.<br />

La sección <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales se subdivi<strong>de</strong> en dos<br />

partes: en la primera fi guran las nuevas series <strong>de</strong> agregados<br />

macroeconómicos regionales que tienen como referencia<br />

<strong>el</strong> año 2000, en sustitución <strong>de</strong> la base <strong>de</strong> 1995 <strong>de</strong> ediciones<br />

anteriores <strong>de</strong>l <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong>; en la segunda se presentan<br />

las series <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong><br />

Caribe, por país, expresadas en moneda nacional.<br />

La sección <strong>de</strong> estadísticas sobre <strong>el</strong> sector externo contiene<br />

información <strong>de</strong> la balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos y <strong>de</strong>l comercio exterior<br />

<strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios, así como también <strong>de</strong> los principales<br />

indicadores <strong>de</strong>rivados. Asimismo, se incluye información<br />

sobre <strong>el</strong> fi nanciamiento y <strong>el</strong> en<strong>de</strong>udamiento externo <strong>de</strong> los<br />

países <strong>de</strong> la región.<br />

En la tercera y cuarta secciones se presentan,<br />

respectivamente, los indicadores <strong>de</strong> evolución <strong>de</strong> los precios<br />

internos y estadísticas sectoriales r<strong>el</strong>acionadas principalmente<br />

con la agricultura, la minería y la industria manufacturera.<br />

En términos <strong>de</strong> cobertura, tanto en las estadísticas<br />

<strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales como en las <strong>de</strong>l sector externo, se<br />

presentan los siguientes grupos <strong>de</strong> países:<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong>:<br />

Argentina<br />

Bolivia<br />

Brasil<br />

Chile<br />

Colombia<br />

Costa Rica<br />

Cuba<br />

Ecuador<br />

Basically, the section on economic statistics <strong>de</strong>als<br />

with synthetic statistical instruments which <strong>de</strong>scribe<br />

<strong>de</strong>v<strong>el</strong>opments in the real sector and the external sector,<br />

that is, national accounts and the balance of payments,<br />

as w<strong>el</strong>l as basic statistics such as sectoral statistics and<br />

domestic price data.<br />

The section on national accounts is divi<strong>de</strong>d into<br />

two parts: the fi rst sets out the new series of regional<br />

macroeconomic aggregates, which use 2000 as the<br />

base year, instead of 1995 as in previous editions of the<br />

Statistical Yearbook; the second presents the series of<br />

national accounts of Latin America and the Caribbean,<br />

by country, expressed in local currency.<br />

The section on external sector statistics contains<br />

information on the balance of payments and the external tra<strong>de</strong><br />

in goods and services as w<strong>el</strong>l as the main <strong>de</strong>rived indicators.<br />

It also contains information on the fi nancing and external<br />

in<strong>de</strong>btedness of the countries of the region.<br />

The third and fourth sections, respectiv<strong>el</strong>y, present<br />

indicators on domestic price movements and sectoral<br />

statistics r<strong>el</strong>ating mainly to agriculture, mining and<br />

manufacturing.<br />

In terms of coverage, the statistics for both the national<br />

accounts and the external sector inclu<strong>de</strong> the following groups<br />

of countries:<br />

Latin America:<br />

Argentina<br />

Bolivia<br />

Brazil<br />

Chile<br />

Colombia<br />

Costa Rica<br />

Cuba<br />

Ecuador


376 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

El Salvador<br />

Guatemala<br />

Haití<br />

Honduras<br />

México<br />

Nicaragua<br />

Panamá<br />

Paraguay<br />

Perú<br />

República Dominicana<br />

Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>)<br />

Caribe:<br />

Antigua y Barbuda<br />

Bahamas<br />

Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice<br />

Dominica<br />

Granada<br />

Guyana<br />

Jamaica<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis<br />

San Vicente y Las Granadinas<br />

Santa Lucía<br />

Suriname<br />

Trinidad y Tabago<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe:<br />

Es la suma <strong>de</strong> las dos agrupaciones anteriores.<br />

En cualquier caso, la cobertura geográfi ca también se<br />

especifi ca en nota al pie <strong>de</strong> cada cuadro.<br />

<br />

2.1 Cuentas nacionales<br />

En 1993, <strong>el</strong> Consejo Económico y Social <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas<br />

recomendó utilizar <strong>el</strong> Sistema <strong>de</strong> Cuentas Nacionales <strong>de</strong> 1993<br />

(SCN 1993) en la <strong>el</strong>aboración <strong>de</strong> las estimaciones ofi ciales <strong>de</strong><br />

cuentas nacionales. 1 Pese a que los progresos con respecto a<br />

ese objetivo son signifi cativos, no todos los países <strong>de</strong> la región<br />

han incorporado estas recomendaciones metodológicas en <strong>el</strong><br />

proceso <strong>de</strong> cálculo <strong>de</strong> las variables y agregados <strong>de</strong> cuentas<br />

nacionales, por lo que aún <strong>de</strong>ben presentarse los cálculos<br />

regionales <strong>de</strong> acuerdo con <strong>el</strong> esquema <strong>de</strong>l SCN 1968.<br />

En consecuencia, los conceptos y clasifi caciones que fi guran<br />

en los cuadros sobre cuentas nacionales correspon<strong>de</strong>n por lo<br />

general a la tercera revisión <strong>de</strong>l Sistema <strong>de</strong> Cuentas Nacionales<br />

<strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas (SCN, Rev. 3) 2 y a la segunda revisión<br />

<strong>de</strong> la Clasifi cación Industrial Internacional Uniforme <strong>de</strong> todas<br />

las activida<strong>de</strong>s económicas (CIIU, Rev. 2). 3<br />

1 Resolución 1993/5 <strong>de</strong>l 12 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 1993.<br />

2 Naciones Unidas, Un sistema <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales, serie F, Nº 2, Rev. 3, Nueva<br />

York, 1970. Publicación <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas, Nº <strong>de</strong> venta: S.69.XVII.3.<br />

3 Naciones Unidas, Clasificación Industrial Internacional Uniforme <strong>de</strong> todas<br />

las Activida<strong>de</strong>s Económicas, serie M, Nº 4, Rev. 2, Nueva York, 1969.<br />

Publicación <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas, Nº <strong>de</strong> venta: S.68.XVII.8.<br />

El Salvador<br />

Guatemala<br />

Haiti<br />

Honduras<br />

Mexico<br />

Nicaragua<br />

Panama<br />

Paraguay<br />

Peru<br />

Dominican Republic<br />

Uruguay<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of)<br />

Caribbean:<br />

Antigua and Barbuda<br />

Bahamas<br />

Barbados<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ize<br />

Dominica<br />

Grenada<br />

Guyana<br />

Jamaica<br />

Saint Kitts and Nevis<br />

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<br />

Saint Lucia<br />

Suriname<br />

Trinidad and Tobago<br />

Latin America and the Caribbean:<br />

The sum of the above two groupings.<br />

In any case, geographical coverage is also specifi ed in<br />

the footnotes of each table.<br />

2.1 National accounts<br />

In 1993, the United Nations Economic and Social Council<br />

recommen<strong>de</strong>d the use of the System of National Accounts<br />

1993 (1993 SNA) when preparing offi cial national accounts<br />

estimates. 1 Although signifi cant progress has been ma<strong>de</strong> towards<br />

fulfi lment of this objective, not all countries in the region<br />

have incorporated these methodological recommendations<br />

into their calculations of national account variables and<br />

aggregates, as a result of which the regional calculations still<br />

have to be presented in accordance with 1968 SNA.<br />

Consequently, the headings and specifi cations used in<br />

the tables on national accounts correspond, in general, to<br />

the third revision of the United Nations System of National<br />

Accounts (SNA, Rev. 3) 2 and to the second revision of<br />

the International Standard Industrial Classifi cation of All<br />

Economic Activities (ISIC, Rev. 2). 3<br />

1 Resolution 1993/5, 12 July 1993.<br />

2 United Nations, A system of national accounts, Series F, No.2, Rev.3, New<br />

York, 1970. United Nations publications, Sales No. E. 69.XVII.3.<br />

3 United Nations, International Standard Industrial Classification of All<br />

Economic Activities, Series M, No.4, Rev.2, New York, 1969. United<br />

Nations Publication, Sales No. E.68.XVII.8.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 377<br />

Para mantener <strong>el</strong> principio <strong>de</strong> comparabilidad internacional,<br />

y teniendo en cuenta que las cuentas nacionales tienen<br />

distintos grados <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sarrollo y uniformidad en los países<br />

<strong>de</strong> la región, se han s<strong>el</strong>eccionado las estimaciones <strong>de</strong> los<br />

agregados <strong>de</strong> uso más generalizado en los cálculos nacionales<br />

y que son importantes para <strong>el</strong> análisis económico. Asimismo,<br />

<strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong>talle <strong>de</strong> las respectivas clasifi caciones se ha simplifi cado<br />

y limitado al necesario para presentar los datos por países<br />

en la forma más homogénea posible, hacer su agregación a<br />

fi n <strong>de</strong> obtener las estimaciones correspondientes a <strong>América</strong><br />

<strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe y facilitar <strong>el</strong> uso e interpretación <strong>de</strong> los<br />

datos a los usuarios.<br />

Con tal propósito, la clasifi cación <strong>de</strong>l producto por<br />

clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica se presenta <strong>de</strong> acuerdo con las<br />

gran<strong>de</strong>s divisiones <strong>de</strong> la CIIU, Rev. 2 (sectores económicos)<br />

sin efectuar la distinción entre industrias, productores <strong>de</strong><br />

servicios públicos, productores <strong>de</strong> servicios privados sin<br />

fi nes <strong>de</strong> lucro que se prestan a los hogares y servicios<br />

domésticos.<br />

La base <strong>de</strong> valoración <strong>de</strong> las distintas estimaciones<br />

se indica en los respectivos cuadros, señalándose si están<br />

expresadas a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado o al costo <strong>de</strong> factores, a<br />

precios corrientes o a precios constantes. Cuando en un<br />

cuadro no consta la base <strong>de</strong> valoración, se entien<strong>de</strong> que las<br />

series <strong>de</strong> datos están medidas a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado y, si no<br />

se indica lo contrario, a precios corrientes.<br />

Los valores a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado se diferencian <strong>de</strong> los<br />

valores al costo <strong>de</strong> factores por incluir los impuestos indirectos<br />

netos <strong>de</strong> subsidios. Los valores a precios corrientes indican<br />

que las corrientes <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios están valuadas a los<br />

precios <strong>de</strong>l año en que se realizaron las transacciones; los<br />

valores a precios constantes representan corrientes <strong>de</strong> bienes<br />

y servicios valuadas a los precios que estos tenían en <strong>el</strong> año<br />

consi<strong>de</strong>rado como base <strong>de</strong> referencia.<br />

Correspon<strong>de</strong> aclarar que las estimaciones <strong>de</strong> los<br />

componentes <strong>de</strong>l gasto fi nal están valoradas a precios <strong>de</strong><br />

comprador, en tanto que las series <strong>de</strong> los valores agregados<br />

sectoriales están medidas a precios <strong>de</strong> productor. Los valores<br />

<strong>de</strong> comprador se refi eren al valor <strong>de</strong> los bienes y servicios<br />

en <strong>el</strong> punto <strong>de</strong> entrega al comprador, es <strong>de</strong>cir, una vez<br />

añadido al valor <strong>de</strong> productor los márgenes <strong>de</strong> distribución<br />

y <strong>de</strong> transporte. Los valores <strong>de</strong> productor correspon<strong>de</strong>n al<br />

valor <strong>de</strong> los bienes en <strong>el</strong> establecimiento <strong>de</strong> los productores<br />

y <strong>el</strong> valor agregado <strong>de</strong> cada actividad a precio <strong>de</strong> productor<br />

es igual al valor <strong>de</strong> la correspondiente producción bruta a<br />

precio <strong>de</strong> productor menos <strong>el</strong> valor a precio <strong>de</strong> comprador<br />

<strong>de</strong>l respectivo consumo intermedio.<br />

Cuando se consi<strong>de</strong>ra la economía en su conjunto, la parte<br />

<strong>de</strong> los impuestos sobre los productos menos las subvenciones<br />

que se incluyó en las utilizaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios pero<br />

no en <strong>el</strong> valor agregado <strong>de</strong> cada sector se aña<strong>de</strong> a este, para<br />

que cuando se sume <strong>el</strong> valor agregado <strong>de</strong> todos los sectores <strong>de</strong><br />

la economía, se obtenga un monto similar al <strong>de</strong> la agregación<br />

In or<strong>de</strong>r to uphold the principle of international<br />

comparability, and bearing in mind that national accounts<br />

show varying <strong>de</strong>grees of <strong>de</strong>v<strong>el</strong>opment and uniformity in the<br />

countries of the region, the estimates s<strong>el</strong>ected for inclusion<br />

concern those aggregates most commonly used in the<br />

countries’ national calculations which are of importance<br />

as economic indicators. The respective classifi cations have<br />

also been simplifi ed and their entries limited to those which<br />

permit data by country to be presented as homogeneously<br />

as possible and aggregated to obtain estimates for Latin<br />

America and the Caribbean as a whole and facilitate the use<br />

and interpretation of the data by users.<br />

To this end, the classifi cation of the product by kind<br />

of economic activity is presented at the lev<strong>el</strong> of the major<br />

divisions of ISIC, Rev. 2 (economic sectors) without making<br />

the distinction between industries, producers of government<br />

services, producers of non-profi t services to households and<br />

domestic services.<br />

The valuation basis of the different estimates given<br />

in the respective tables, indicating whether they are<br />

expressed in market prices or at factor cost, in current<br />

prices or constant prices. When the valuation basis for a<br />

table is not shown, it is un<strong>de</strong>rstood that the data series are<br />

measured at market prices, and unless otherwise indicated,<br />

at current prices.<br />

The values at market prices differ from the values at<br />

factor cost in that they inclu<strong>de</strong> net indirect taxes on subsidies.<br />

Values at current prices indicate that the fl ows of goods<br />

and services are valued at the prices for the year when the<br />

transactions were ma<strong>de</strong>; values in constant prices represent<br />

fl ows of goods and services which are valued at their prices<br />

in the year taken as the base year.<br />

It should be clarified that the estimates of the<br />

components of fi nal expenditure are valued at purchasers’<br />

prices, while the series of the sectoral ad<strong>de</strong>d values are<br />

measured at producers’ prices. Purchasers’ values refer to<br />

the value of the goods and services at the point of <strong>de</strong>livery<br />

to the purchaser, i.e., after the addition to the producers’<br />

value of distribution and transport margins. Producers’<br />

values correspond to the value of the goods at the production<br />

site, and the ad<strong>de</strong>d value of each activity at producers’<br />

prices is equal to the value of the corresponding gross<br />

output at producers’ prices less the value at purchasers’<br />

prices of the respective intermediate consumption.<br />

For the economy as a whole, the portion of taxes on goods<br />

minus subsidies that was inclu<strong>de</strong>d un<strong>de</strong>r the use of goods<br />

and services, but not inclu<strong>de</strong>d in the value ad<strong>de</strong>d registered<br />

for each sector, is ad<strong>de</strong>d to that value, so that when the value<br />

ad<strong>de</strong>d fi gures entered for all the sectors of the economy are<br />

totalled, the result is similar to the sum obtained by adding


378 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

<strong>de</strong> sus componentes por <strong>el</strong> lado <strong>de</strong>l gasto. 4 Cuando se trata<br />

<strong>de</strong>l producto total <strong>de</strong> la economía y agregados similares,<br />

las expresiones “a precios <strong>de</strong> mercado” y “a valores <strong>de</strong><br />

comprador” son equivalentes y se usan indistintamente.<br />

<br />

2.1.1 Cuentas nacionales <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong><br />

<strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, en dólares<br />

Las nuevas series <strong>de</strong> agregados macroeconómicos regionales<br />

que se presentan en esta sección tienen como referencia <strong>el</strong><br />

año 2000, en sustitución <strong>de</strong> 1995. Este cambio, <strong>de</strong> carácter<br />

<strong>estadístico</strong> y metodológico a la vez, obe<strong>de</strong>ce a la necesidad <strong>de</strong><br />

actualizar y adaptar las cuentas nacionales, a fi n <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>scribir<br />

<strong>de</strong> la mejor manera posible las modifi caciones estructurales<br />

más recientes <strong>de</strong> la economía regional. Este cambio en <strong>el</strong> año<br />

<strong>de</strong> referencia se realizó para la serie a partir <strong>de</strong> 1990.<br />

Metodología<br />

En <strong>el</strong> caso <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe cabe señalar que, en<br />

estricto rigor la CEPAL no ha efectuado un cambio <strong>de</strong> base<br />

<strong>de</strong> las cuentas nacionales, sino una traslación <strong>de</strong> la referencia<br />

<strong>de</strong> las series regionales al año 2000 y ha aprovechado esa<br />

ocasión para incorporar algunos cambios en la metodología<br />

<strong>de</strong> cálculo <strong>de</strong> los agregados regionales.<br />

La metodología adoptada para <strong>el</strong>aborar las cuentas<br />

nacionales <strong>de</strong> la región a precios constantes <strong>de</strong>l año 2000<br />

consiste en retropolar y proyectar los valores <strong>de</strong> 2000 con<br />

los respectivos índices <strong>de</strong>l producto real obtenidos <strong>de</strong> las<br />

series ofi ciales, aplicados al total y a cada una <strong>de</strong> las gran<strong>de</strong>s<br />

divisiones <strong>de</strong> la CIIU. Esto produce una discrepancia que<br />

consta explícitamente en los correspondientes cuadros.<br />

Una <strong>de</strong> las ventajas que presenta este esquema metodológico<br />

es que permite mantener invariables las tasas <strong>de</strong> crecimiento<br />

históricas <strong>de</strong>l PIB global y, por en<strong>de</strong>, su inmediata i<strong>de</strong>ntifi cación<br />

y correspon<strong>de</strong>ncia con los datos nacionales.<br />

El procedimiento utilizado para calcular <strong>el</strong> equilibrio<br />

fi nal <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios a niv<strong>el</strong> regional fue similar. Una vez<br />

expresados en dólares al tipo <strong>de</strong> cambio vigente los valores<br />

correspondientes al año 2000 consignados en moneda nacional<br />

por los países, estos se retropolaron y proyectaron a partir <strong>de</strong><br />

los respectivos índices <strong>de</strong>l producto real <strong>de</strong>rivados <strong>de</strong> las series<br />

ofi ciales, aplicados al total y a cada uno <strong>de</strong> los componentes <strong>de</strong>l<br />

gasto. Como en <strong>el</strong> caso anterior, se produce una discrepancia<br />

que consta explícitamente en los cuadros correspondientes.<br />

4 En <strong>el</strong> caso <strong>de</strong> los países que aplican <strong>el</strong> SCN, Rev. 3, se aña<strong>de</strong>n a la suma <strong>de</strong> los<br />

valores agregados sectoriales los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> importación, incluido <strong>el</strong> impuesto<br />

al valor agregado neto en los países que lo presentan por separado, y se resta la<br />

comisión imputada <strong>de</strong> los servicios bancarios para calcular <strong>el</strong> producto interno<br />

bruto total. En <strong>el</strong> caso <strong>de</strong> los países que mantienen la anterior revisión <strong>de</strong>l SCN,<br />

ambos conceptos están comprendidos en los valores agregados sectoriales.<br />

together the components by type of expenditure. 4 In reference<br />

to the total output of the economy and similar aggregates, the<br />

expressions “at market prices” and “at purchasers’ prices”<br />

are equivalent and are used interchangeably.<br />

<br />

2.1.1 National accounts of Latin America<br />

and the Caribbean, in dollars<br />

The new series of regional macroeconomic aggregates covered<br />

in this section take 2000 as base year, instead of 1995.<br />

This change, which is both statistical and methodological,<br />

arises from the need to update and adapt national accounts<br />

in or<strong>de</strong>r to <strong>de</strong>scribe the most recent structural adjustments<br />

in the regional economy as accurat<strong>el</strong>y as possible. This<br />

change in the base year was implemented for the series<br />

starting 1990.<br />

Methodology<br />

In the case of Latin America and the Caribbean, it should<br />

be noted that, strictly speaking, ECLAC has not changed<br />

the base for national accounts, but rather has transferred<br />

the reference of the regional series to the year 2000, and has<br />

taken the opportunity to incorporate some changes in the<br />

methodology for calculating regional aggregates.<br />

The methodology adopted for preparing the region’s<br />

national accounts at constant 2000 prices consists of<br />

back-extrapolating and projecting 2000 values with the<br />

respective real output indices obtained from the offi cial<br />

series, applied to the total and to each of the broad ISIC<br />

divisions. This produces a discrepancy which is explicitly<br />

inclu<strong>de</strong>d in the corresponding tables.<br />

One of the advantages of this methodology is that it<br />

leaves the historical growth rates of overall GDP unchanged,<br />

so that they are immediat<strong>el</strong>y i<strong>de</strong>ntifi able and consistent with<br />

national data.<br />

A similar procedure was used to calculate the fi nal balance<br />

of goods and services at the regional lev<strong>el</strong>. Once expressed in<br />

dollars at the current rate of exchange, the values corresponding<br />

to the year 2000 recor<strong>de</strong>d by the countries in local currency<br />

were back-extratropolated and projected using the respective<br />

real output indices <strong>de</strong>rived from the offi cial series, applied to<br />

total expenditure and to each component of expenditure. As<br />

in the previous case, this produced a discrepancy which was<br />

explicitly inclu<strong>de</strong>d in the corresponding tables.<br />

4 For the countries that apply SNA, Rev.3, import duties, including the net<br />

value ad<strong>de</strong>d tax for those countries that present it separat<strong>el</strong>y, are ad<strong>de</strong>d<br />

to the sum of the sectoral values ad<strong>de</strong>d and the imputed commission of<br />

banking services is <strong>de</strong>ducted to obtain the total gross domestic product. For<br />

countries using the previous revision of SNA, both items are inclu<strong>de</strong>d in the<br />

sectoral values ad<strong>de</strong>d.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 379<br />

La información utilizada para la <strong>el</strong>aboración <strong>de</strong> los<br />

agregados macroeconómicos regionales es producida por<br />

cada uno <strong>de</strong> los países <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe y dada a<br />

conocer por la ofi cina nacional <strong>de</strong> estadística o <strong>el</strong> banco central<br />

correspondientes. Como se señaló, en <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong><br />

Caribe hay países que aún no han adoptado las recomendaciones<br />

metodológicas <strong>de</strong>l SCN 1993; otros utilizan como año <strong>de</strong><br />

referencia <strong>de</strong> sus cuentas una base estadística alejada <strong>de</strong> la<br />

estructura actual <strong>de</strong> su economía (pon<strong>de</strong>ración y precios).<br />

Asimismo, hay países que no disponen <strong>de</strong> una estimación<br />

completa <strong>de</strong> los cuadros básicos <strong>de</strong>l sistema, como ocurre con<br />

<strong>el</strong> PIB por clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica y <strong>el</strong> equilibrio entre<br />

oferta y <strong>de</strong>manda global <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios, por lo que fue<br />

necesario efectuar algunas estimaciones, fundamentalmente<br />

para homogeneizar los niv<strong>el</strong>es <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sagregación y apertura<br />

sectorial o un <strong>de</strong>terminado componente <strong>de</strong>l gasto, como es <strong>el</strong><br />

caso <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>sagregación <strong>de</strong> la formación bruta <strong>de</strong> capital fi jo<br />

en construcción y maquinaria y la variación <strong>de</strong> existencias.<br />

En <strong>el</strong> caso <strong>de</strong> Guatemala y Haití, se hizo una estimación<br />

<strong>de</strong> sus cuentas para <strong>el</strong> año 2000, que sirvió <strong>de</strong> referencia para<br />

las series regionales.<br />

Tipos <strong>de</strong> cambio<br />

La mayoría <strong>de</strong> las publicaciones que contienen las series <strong>de</strong><br />

cuentas nacionales <strong>de</strong> varios países expresadas en una moneda<br />

común su<strong>el</strong>en utilizar como factor <strong>de</strong> conversión <strong>el</strong> tipo <strong>de</strong><br />

cambio promedio <strong>de</strong> sus transacciones <strong>de</strong> comercio exterior.<br />

Sin embargo, esta práctica no cuenta con una aceptación<br />

generalizada. Las principales críticas están r<strong>el</strong>acionadas<br />

con la conversión a una moneda común <strong>de</strong> las variables<br />

<strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales que mi<strong>de</strong>n resultados <strong>de</strong> activida<strong>de</strong>s<br />

internas (producción, consumo, inversión).<br />

Existen varias alternativas para expresar las cuentas<br />

en moneda nacional en dólares. Entre <strong>el</strong>las, se encuentra la<br />

utilización <strong>de</strong>l promedio anual <strong>de</strong>l tipo <strong>de</strong> cambio ofi cial o<br />

<strong>de</strong> un tipo <strong>de</strong> cambio <strong>de</strong> paridad.<br />

Los tipos <strong>de</strong> cambio <strong>de</strong> paridad (o paridad <strong>de</strong>l po<strong>de</strong>r adquisitivo,<br />

PPA) son tasas <strong>de</strong> conversión monetaria que permiten realizar<br />

comparaciones internacionales <strong>de</strong>l volumen <strong>de</strong>l PIB, <strong>el</strong>iminando<br />

las diferencias <strong>de</strong>l niv<strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong> precios entre los países. Se trata<br />

<strong>de</strong> precios r<strong>el</strong>ativos, es <strong>de</strong>cir, comparaciones <strong>de</strong> precios en<br />

moneda nacional <strong>de</strong> un mismo bien o servicio en varios países,<br />

que surgen <strong>de</strong> comparar los precios <strong>de</strong> una canasta <strong>de</strong> bienes<br />

y servicios homogénea.<br />

Estos tipos <strong>de</strong> cambio <strong>de</strong> paridad son tasas <strong>de</strong> conversión<br />

que permiten crear medidas <strong>de</strong> volumen con las cuales es<br />

posible comparar <strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong>sempeño económico, <strong>el</strong> crecimiento y la<br />

productividad, así como calcular indicadores <strong>de</strong> convergencia<br />

<strong>de</strong> precios y <strong>de</strong> competitividad internacional.<br />

La CEPAL ha asumido la corresponsabilidad <strong>de</strong> la ejecución<br />

<strong>de</strong> un proyecto tendiente a calcular los tipos <strong>de</strong> cambio <strong>de</strong><br />

paridad en 10 países <strong>de</strong> la región. Este proceso compren<strong>de</strong><br />

varias etapas, entre las que pue<strong>de</strong>n señalarse las siguientes:<br />

la s<strong>el</strong>ección <strong>de</strong> las canastas <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios<br />

uniformes;<br />

The information used for preparing regional<br />

macroeconomic aggregates is produced by each of the<br />

countries of Latin America and the Caribbean and published<br />

by the national statistical offi ce or central bank. As indicated,<br />

some Latin American and Caribbean countries have not<br />

yet adopted the methodological recommendations of 1993<br />

SNA; others use a statistical base year far removed from the<br />

current structure of their economy (weighting and prices)<br />

for their accounts. Moreover, a number of countries do not<br />

have a complete estimate of the basic tables of the system,<br />

such as those on GDP by type of economic activity and<br />

the balance between supply of and overall <strong>de</strong>mand for<br />

goods and services; thus, some estimates had to be ma<strong>de</strong>,<br />

basically in or<strong>de</strong>r to homogenize lev<strong>el</strong>s of disaggregation<br />

and sectoral openness or a given component of expenditure,<br />

as in the case of the disaggregation of gross fi xed capital<br />

formation in construction and machinery and the variation<br />

in stocks.<br />

In the case of Guatemala and Haiti, an estimate was<br />

ma<strong>de</strong> of their accounts for the year 2000, and then used as<br />

a reference for the regional series.<br />

Exchange rates<br />

As a rule, most of the publications that contain the national<br />

accounts series of the different countries expressed in a<br />

common currency use as a conversion factor the average<br />

rate of exchange at which they conduct their foreign tra<strong>de</strong><br />

transactions. This practice is not universally accepted,<br />

however. The main criticisms lev<strong>el</strong>led against it r<strong>el</strong>ate to<br />

the conversion to a common currency of national account<br />

variables which measure results of domestic activities<br />

(production, consumption, investment).<br />

Various approaches are used to convert local currency<br />

accounts into dollars. These inclu<strong>de</strong> the use of the annual<br />

average of the official exchange rate or of a parity<br />

exchange rate.<br />

Parity exchange rates (or purchasing power parity, PPP) are<br />

monetary conversion rates used to compare volumes of GDP,<br />

by lev<strong>el</strong>ling out differences in price lev<strong>el</strong>s between countries.<br />

They are r<strong>el</strong>ative prices showing how local-currency prices for a<br />

particular good or service compare from one country to another<br />

and they are arrived at by looking at the price of a homogenous<br />

basket of goods and services in different countries.<br />

These parity exchange rates are conversion rates used<br />

to generate volume measurements which allow comparisons of<br />

economic performance, growth and productivity, as w<strong>el</strong>l as the<br />

calculation of price convergence and international competitiveness<br />

indicators.<br />

ECLAC has un<strong>de</strong>rtaken a joint project to calculate parity<br />

exchange rates in 10 countries of the region. There are several<br />

stages in this process, including the following:<br />

s<strong>el</strong>ection of uniform baskets of goods and services;


380 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

<strong>el</strong> r<strong>el</strong>evamiento <strong>de</strong> precios (<strong>de</strong> forma similar que en <strong>el</strong> caso<br />

<strong>de</strong> los IPC);<br />

<strong>el</strong> establecimiento <strong>de</strong> pon<strong>de</strong>radores (vectores <strong>de</strong> C, I, X, M)<br />

<strong>el</strong> cálculo <strong>de</strong> los tipos <strong>de</strong> cambio <strong>de</strong> paridad correspondiente<br />

a cada vector;<br />

<strong>el</strong> cálculo <strong>de</strong> las PPA correspondientes al PIB.<br />

Los resultados <strong>de</strong>l proyecto estarán disponibles a fi nales<br />

<strong>de</strong>l año 2006. Se prevé ampliar paulatinamente la investigación<br />

a países <strong>de</strong> la región en los que aún no se ha efectuado <strong>el</strong><br />

r<strong>el</strong>evamiento <strong>de</strong> precios en <strong>el</strong> marco <strong>de</strong>l Programa <strong>de</strong> comparación<br />

internacional.<br />

Teniendo en cuenta las ventajas y <strong>de</strong>sventajas <strong>de</strong> las<br />

distintas opciones, para la <strong>el</strong>aboración <strong>de</strong> las series regionales<br />

que se presentan en esta sección se optó por utilizar como tasa<br />

<strong>de</strong> conversión <strong>el</strong> tipo <strong>de</strong> cambio que refl eja <strong>el</strong> promedio <strong>de</strong><br />

unida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias nacionales por un dólar <strong>de</strong> Estados Unidos<br />

en <strong>el</strong> período <strong>de</strong> referencia. Dicha tasa (rf) es notifi cada por<br />

los países y difundida por <strong>el</strong> Fondo Monetario Internacional<br />

en su publicación Estadísticas fi nancieras internacionales.<br />

Entre las ventajas <strong>de</strong> utilizar esa tasa <strong>de</strong> conversión cabe<br />

señalar su disponibilidad, pues las series anuales e infraanuales<br />

<strong>de</strong> las rf se difun<strong>de</strong>n oportunamente. La CEPAL ha utilizado<br />

estos tipos <strong>de</strong> cambio para presentar series agregadas a niv<strong>el</strong><br />

regional, expresadas en dólares corrientes.<br />

Los índices implícitos <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto que se<br />

presentan en esta oportunidad se inscriben en <strong>el</strong> marco <strong>de</strong>l<br />

cambio <strong>de</strong> año <strong>de</strong> referencia al 2000 y sustituyen las series<br />

presentadas en ediciones anteriores.<br />

Como es sabido, las dos series regionales expresadas en<br />

dólares, corrientes una y constantes <strong>de</strong>l año 2000 la otra, no<br />

permiten calcular directamente los <strong>de</strong>fl actores implícitos como<br />

en <strong>el</strong> caso <strong>de</strong> las variables expresadas en moneda nacional, pues<br />

esos índices varían simultáneamente a raíz <strong>de</strong> la modifi cación<br />

<strong>de</strong>l tipo <strong>de</strong> cambio y <strong>de</strong>l niv<strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong> precios internos.<br />

<br />

2.1.2 Cuentas nacionales <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong><br />

<strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe por país, en<br />

moneda nacional<br />

Igual que en las ediciones anteriores, <strong>el</strong> segundo grupo <strong>de</strong> cuadros<br />

<strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales que se entrega en este <strong>Anuario</strong> (únicamente<br />

en soporte <strong>el</strong>ectrónico) contiene las estimaciones que los países<br />

miembros <strong>de</strong> la región pusieron a disposición <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL a<br />

la fecha <strong>de</strong> cierre <strong>de</strong> esta publicación. Estas estimaciones están<br />

referidas al producto interno bruto por tipo <strong>de</strong> gasto y por clase <strong>de</strong><br />

actividad económica, a precios corrientes y a precios constantes<br />

y a las transacciones <strong>de</strong> ingresos y gastos corrientes <strong>de</strong>l gobierno<br />

general y <strong>de</strong> los hogares. En un cuadro <strong>de</strong> resumen <strong>de</strong> cada país<br />

survey of prices (similar to that of the CPI);<br />

establishment of weightings (vectors of C, I, X, M);<br />

calculation of parity exchange rates for each vector;<br />

calculation of PPP for GDP.<br />

As part of this project, whose results will be available by<br />

the end of 2006, it is inten<strong>de</strong>d that the research will gradually be<br />

expan<strong>de</strong>d in countries of the region where price surveys in the<br />

framework of the International Comparison Programme have not<br />

yet been carried out.<br />

Bearing in mind the advantages and disadvantages of<br />

the different options for the preparation of the regional series<br />

that are presented in this section, the conversion rate used<br />

here is the exchange rate that <strong>de</strong>notes the average number<br />

of national monetary units per United States dollar in the<br />

reference period. This rate (rf) is reported by the countries<br />

and disseminated by the International Monetary Fund in its<br />

publication International Financial Statistics.<br />

One of the advantages of this conversion rate is availability,<br />

since annual and infra-annual series of rf are disseminated on<br />

a tim<strong>el</strong>y basis. ECLAC has been using these exchange rates<br />

to present aggregated series at the regional lev<strong>el</strong>, expressed<br />

in current dollars.<br />

The implicit GDP indices presented in this instance<br />

are prepared in line with the change in the reference<br />

year to 2000 and replace the series reported in previous<br />

editions.<br />

As is commonly known, unlike variables expressed in<br />

local currency, the two regional series —one expressed in<br />

current dollars and the other in constant 2000 dollars— cannot<br />

be used to calculate implicit <strong>de</strong>fl ators directly, since these<br />

un<strong>de</strong>rgo simultaneous variations caused by fl uctuations in<br />

the exchange rate and in domestic prices.<br />

<br />

2.1.2 National accounts of Latin<br />

America and the Caribbean<br />

by country, in local currency<br />

As in the case of former editions, the second group of<br />

national account tables presented in this Yearbook (in<br />

<strong>el</strong>ectronic version only) contains the estimates that member<br />

countries of the region provi<strong>de</strong>d to ECLAC by the date<br />

of closure of this publication. These estimates r<strong>el</strong>ate to<br />

GDP by type of expenditure and by category of economic<br />

activity, at current prices and constant prices, and general<br />

government and household current income and expenditure<br />

transactions. A summary table for each country shows


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 381<br />

se presentan las r<strong>el</strong>aciones entre los principales agregados <strong>de</strong><br />

las cuentas nacionales a precios corrientes.<br />

La información actualizada se obtuvo gracias a la<br />

continua y valiosa cooperación <strong>de</strong> las ofi cinas <strong>de</strong> cuentas<br />

nacionales <strong>de</strong> los países y principalmente a través <strong>de</strong> medios<br />

magnéticos.<br />

La presentación <strong>de</strong> los datos continúa efectuándose<br />

<strong>de</strong> manera uniforme y, a medida que se dispone <strong>de</strong> la<br />

información necesaria, se van adaptando las series <strong>de</strong> todos<br />

los países a las clasifi caciones propuestas en SCN, Rev. 3<br />

y en la CIIU, Rev. 2.<br />

Salvo en lo r<strong>el</strong>ativo a la forma <strong>de</strong> la presentación, las<br />

series <strong>de</strong> datos son las calculadas ofi cialmente por cada<br />

país. Se han mantenido los criterios propios <strong>de</strong> valoración<br />

<strong>de</strong> los países, así como, los distintos períodos base <strong>el</strong>egidos<br />

para las estimaciones a precios constantes y las diferencias<br />

conceptuales, <strong>de</strong> alcance o cobertura <strong>de</strong>rivadas <strong>de</strong> la aplicación<br />

práctica <strong>de</strong> las recomendaciones internacionales y que se<br />

señalan en los respectivos cuadros.<br />

<br />

2.2 Sector externo<br />

Las series que se incluyen en esta sección contienen información<br />

sobre la balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos y <strong>el</strong> comercio exterior así como<br />

sobre sus principales indicadores. A<strong>de</strong>más, se presenta<br />

información sobre <strong>el</strong> fi nanciamiento y <strong>el</strong> en<strong>de</strong>udamiento<br />

externo. Los datos están expresados en dólares corrientes y<br />

en índices base 2000.<br />

A continuación se <strong>de</strong>tallan los aspectos metodológicos<br />

<strong>de</strong> la información publicada. Cabe señalar que las cifras <strong>de</strong>l<br />

comercio exterior registradas en la balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos no coinci<strong>de</strong>n<br />

necesariamente con los datos calculados sobre la base <strong>de</strong> las<br />

cifras <strong>de</strong>l Banco <strong>de</strong> Datos <strong>de</strong>l Comercio Exterior <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong><br />

<strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe (BADECEL), pues estas últimas no fueron<br />

objeto <strong>de</strong> ajustes por <strong>el</strong> comercio no registrado o por la existencia<br />

<strong>de</strong> zonas francas y <strong>de</strong> bienes para transformación (industria<br />

maquiladora). A<strong>de</strong>más, se observan diferencias en la valoración<br />

<strong>de</strong> las exportaciones e importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes, pues mientras<br />

que en la balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos están expresadas en valores FOB,<br />

los datos <strong>de</strong> las importaciones almacenados en BADECEL están<br />

en valores CIF, con excepción <strong>de</strong> las cifras correspondientes<br />

a México y a la República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (cuyas<br />

importaciones se registran en valores FOB). 5<br />

5 Esta consi<strong>de</strong>ración se refiere fundamentalmente a las cifras presentadas en<br />

los cuadros <strong>de</strong> la sección 2.2.2.<br />

the r<strong>el</strong>ationship between the principal national account<br />

aggregates at current prices.<br />

The updated information was obtained thanks to the<br />

constant, invaluable cooperation of the national accounts<br />

offi ces in the countries and mainly through the use of<br />

magnetic media.<br />

The data continue to be presented in a uniform manner<br />

and, as information becomes available, the series of all the<br />

countries are adapted in line with the classifi cations proposed<br />

in SNA Rev. 3 and the International Standard Industrial<br />

Classifi cation of All Economic Activities (ISIC), Rev. 2.<br />

The data series provi<strong>de</strong>d are those calculated offi cially<br />

by each country, although they are presented in a different<br />

format. Each country’s own valuation criteria have been<br />

maintained, together with the different base periods chosen<br />

for estimates in constant prices and the conceptual differences<br />

or differences in scope or coverage <strong>de</strong>riving from the practical<br />

application of international recommendations. Such differences<br />

are indicated in the r<strong>el</strong>evant tables.<br />

2.2 External sector<br />

The series inclu<strong>de</strong>d in this section contain information<br />

on the balance of payments and foreign tra<strong>de</strong> as w<strong>el</strong>l as<br />

the main indicators thereon. In addition, information is<br />

provi<strong>de</strong>d on fi nancing and external borrowing. The data<br />

are expressed in current dollars and in indices with 2000<br />

as the base year.<br />

The methodology used to calculate the published<br />

information is <strong>de</strong>scribed b<strong>el</strong>ow. It should be noted that<br />

foreign tra<strong>de</strong> fi gures recor<strong>de</strong>d in the balance of payments<br />

do not necessarily coinci<strong>de</strong> with those based on the fi gures<br />

obtained from the External Tra<strong>de</strong> Data Bank for Latin<br />

America and the Caribbean (BADECEL), since the latter<br />

are not adjusted for unregistered tra<strong>de</strong> or for the existence<br />

of free zones and goods for in-bond processing (maquila<br />

industry). Moreover, there are differences in the valuation<br />

of exports and imports of goods, since these are expressed<br />

in the balance of payments on an f.o.b. basis, whereas<br />

the import data stored in BADECEL are given on a c.i.f.<br />

basis, with the exception of fi gures r<strong>el</strong>ating to Mexico and<br />

the Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (whose imports are<br />

registered f.o.b.). 5<br />

5 This consi<strong>de</strong>ration refers basically to the figures reported in the tables of<br />

section 2.2.2.


382 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

<br />

2.2.1 Balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos<br />

La balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos es un estado <strong>estadístico</strong> que resume<br />

sistemáticamente las transacciones económicas entre una<br />

economía y <strong>el</strong> resto <strong>de</strong>l mundo en un período específi co. Las<br />

transacciones que tienen lugar entre resi<strong>de</strong>ntes y no resi<strong>de</strong>ntes<br />

incluyen las que se refi eren a bienes, servicios y renta, a las<br />

que involucran activos y pasivos fi nancieros con r<strong>el</strong>ación al<br />

resto <strong>de</strong>l mundo y las transacciones unilaterales.<br />

Los conceptos que abarca la balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos y los<br />

métodos para alcanzar un cierto grado <strong>de</strong> homogeneidad<br />

y comparabilidad han ido perfeccionándose gracias a<br />

recomendaciones formuladas en distintas versiones <strong>de</strong>l<br />

manual <strong>el</strong>aborado por <strong>el</strong> Fondo Monetario Internacional<br />

(FMI). La <strong>de</strong>limitación conceptual <strong>de</strong> la economía, los<br />

principios básicos <strong>de</strong> valoración y momento <strong>de</strong> registro, <strong>el</strong><br />

tipo <strong>de</strong> transacciones que pue<strong>de</strong>n consi<strong>de</strong>rarse para <strong>el</strong>aborar<br />

la balanza, la r<strong>el</strong>ación entre la balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos y <strong>el</strong> Sistema<br />

<strong>de</strong> Cuentas Nacionales (SCN) y naturalmente, entre la balanza<br />

<strong>de</strong> pagos y la posición <strong>de</strong> inversión extranjera, son temas<br />

cuyo tratamiento metodológico merece especial atención.<br />

En este volumen <strong>de</strong>l <strong>Anuario</strong> se incluyen los datos <strong>de</strong><br />

balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos, <strong>de</strong>sglosados conforme a los componentes<br />

analíticos <strong>de</strong> la quinta edición <strong>de</strong>l Manual <strong>de</strong> balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos<br />

publicado por <strong>el</strong> Fondo Monetario Internacional en 1993.<br />

Clasifi cación utilizada en la presentación analítica <strong>de</strong> la<br />

quinta edición <strong>de</strong>l Manual <strong>de</strong> balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos<br />

En la presentación analítica, los componentes <strong>de</strong> la balanza <strong>de</strong><br />

pagos se clasifi can en cinco categorías principales <strong>de</strong> datos:<br />

I. La cuenta corriente, que compren<strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios,<br />

renta y transferencias corrientes;<br />

II. La cuenta <strong>de</strong> capital, que se refi ere a transferencias<br />

<strong>de</strong> capital y adquisición/enajenación <strong>de</strong> activos no<br />

fi nancieros no producidos;<br />

III. La cuenta fi nanciera, que se refi ere a activos y pasivos<br />

fi nancieros;<br />

IV. La cuenta <strong>de</strong> errores y omisiones, que compensa toda<br />

sobrestimación o subestimación <strong>de</strong> los componentes<br />

<strong>de</strong> los grupos anteriores, y<br />

VI. La cuenta <strong>de</strong> reservas y partidas conexas, que se refi ere a<br />

los activos <strong>de</strong> reserva, <strong>el</strong> uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos <strong>de</strong>l<br />

FMI, los pasivos que constituyen reservas <strong>de</strong> autorida<strong>de</strong>s<br />

extranjeras y al fi nanciamiento excepcional.<br />

A efectos analíticos, se incorpora una sexta categoría<br />

(número V en los cuadros) <strong>de</strong>nominada balanza global, que<br />

incluye todos los componentes <strong>de</strong> la cuenta corriente, cuenta<br />

<strong>de</strong> capital, cuenta fi nanciera y cuenta <strong>de</strong> errores y omisiones.<br />

Ese balance es igual a la suma neta, con signo contrario, <strong>de</strong><br />

<br />

2.2.1 Balance of payments<br />

The balance of payments is a statistical statement which<br />

systematically sums up the economic transactions between<br />

a given economy and the rest of the world over a specifi c<br />

period. The transactions that take place between resi<strong>de</strong>nts and<br />

non-resi<strong>de</strong>nts cover goods, services and income, including<br />

fi nancial assets and liabilities with respect to the rest of the<br />

world and unrequited transfers.<br />

The concepts inclu<strong>de</strong>d in the balance of payments and<br />

the methods for achieving a certain <strong>de</strong>gree of uniformity and<br />

comparability have been refi ned over time by the recommendations<br />

formulated by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in different<br />

versions of its manual. Special attention should be paid to the<br />

methodological treatment of questions such as the conceptual<br />

<strong>de</strong>limitation of the economy, the basic principles of valuation<br />

and time of registration, the type of transactions that may be<br />

consi<strong>de</strong>red for constructing the balance, the r<strong>el</strong>ationship between<br />

the balance of payments and the System of National Accounts<br />

(SNA) and, of course, between the balance of payments and<br />

the foreign investment position.<br />

This volume of the Yearbook inclu<strong>de</strong>s balance of<br />

payments data broken down in accordance with the analytical<br />

components of the fi fth edition of the Balance of Payments<br />

Manual published by IMF in 1993.<br />

Classifi cation used in the analytical presentation of the the<br />

fi fth edition of the IMF Balance of Payments Manual<br />

In the analytical presentation, the components of the balance of<br />

payments are grouped un<strong>de</strong>r fi ve main types of accounts:<br />

I. The current account, which inclu<strong>de</strong>s goods and services,<br />

income and current transfers;<br />

II. The capital account, which refers to capital transfers and<br />

the acquisition/disposal of non-produced, non-fi nancial<br />

assets;<br />

III. The fi nancial account, which registers fi nancial assets/<br />

liabilities;<br />

IV. The errors and omissions account, which contains<br />

offsets for over- or un<strong>de</strong>r- estimates of components of<br />

the above accounts; and<br />

VI. The reserves and r<strong>el</strong>ated items account, which refers to<br />

reserve assets, the use of IMF credit and loans, liabilities<br />

constituting foreign authorities’ reserves and exceptional<br />

fi nancing.<br />

For analytical purposes, a sixth category (<strong>de</strong>signated as<br />

roman numeral “V” in the tables) has been established. This<br />

entry, called the global balance, inclu<strong>de</strong>s all the components of<br />

the current, capital, fi nancial and errors and omissions accounts.<br />

This balance can be measured more easily as the net sum (with


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 383<br />

los componentes <strong>de</strong> la cuenta <strong>de</strong> reservas y partidas conexas<br />

(número VI en los cuadros).<br />

Esta presentación general refl eja <strong>el</strong> uso común adoptado<br />

en la mayoría <strong>de</strong> los países en <strong>el</strong> transcurso <strong>de</strong> los años y<br />

es un importante cambio introducido en la quinta edición<br />

<strong>de</strong>l Manual <strong>de</strong> balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos. En esta versión, la cuenta<br />

<strong>de</strong> capital se <strong>de</strong>nomina cuenta <strong>de</strong> capital y fi nanciera. A<br />

efectos <strong>de</strong> mantener la uniformidad con <strong>el</strong> SCN, se hace la<br />

distinción entre transferencias <strong>de</strong> capital y transferencias<br />

corrientes en las cuentas <strong>de</strong> la balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos.<br />

Principales conceptos<br />

Cuenta corriente<br />

En la cuenta corriente se registran todas las transacciones<br />

en valores económicos, salvo recursos fi nancieros, que tienen<br />

lugar entre entida<strong>de</strong>s resi<strong>de</strong>ntes y no resi<strong>de</strong>ntes; asimismo,<br />

se registran los asientos compensatorios <strong>de</strong> los valores<br />

económicos corrientes que se suministren o adquieran sin un<br />

quid pro quo. Concretamente, las clasifi caciones principales<br />

son bienes, servicios, renta y transferencias corrientes.<br />

Bienes y servicios<br />

Bienes<br />

Mercancías generales: compren<strong>de</strong>n la mayoría <strong>de</strong> los bienes<br />

muebles que los resi<strong>de</strong>ntes exportan a no resi<strong>de</strong>ntes, o importan<br />

<strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong>los, dando lugar, salvo algunas excepciones especifi cadas,<br />

a un traspaso <strong>de</strong> propiedad (efectivo o imputado).<br />

Bienes para transformación: compren<strong>de</strong>n la exportación<br />

(o importación, en la economía compiladora) <strong>de</strong> bienes que<br />

cruzan la frontera para ser transformados en <strong>el</strong> extranjero y la<br />

reimportación (o exportación, en la economía compiladora)<br />

subsiguiente <strong>de</strong> dichos bienes, valorados en cifras brutas antes<br />

y <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> su transformación. Esta partida constituye una<br />

excepción al criterio <strong>de</strong> traspaso <strong>de</strong> propiedad.<br />

Reparaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes: compren<strong>de</strong>n las reparaciones<br />

<strong>de</strong> bienes efectuadas para no resi<strong>de</strong>ntes o recibidas <strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong>los en<br />

embarcaciones, aeronaves, etc. Si bien <strong>el</strong> movimiento físico <strong>de</strong><br />

estos bienes es similar al <strong>de</strong>scrito en <strong>el</strong> párrafo 154 <strong>de</strong>l Manual,<br />

las reparaciones <strong>de</strong>ben valorarse según <strong>el</strong> precio (<strong>de</strong>rechos<br />

pagados o recibidos) <strong>de</strong> las mismas y no según <strong>el</strong> valor bruto<br />

<strong>de</strong> los bienes antes y <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> las reparaciones.<br />

Bienes adquiridos en puerto por medios <strong>de</strong> transporte:<br />

compren<strong>de</strong>n todos los bienes (como combustibles, víveres,<br />

pertrechos y suministros) que las empresas resi<strong>de</strong>ntes/no<br />

resi<strong>de</strong>ntes <strong>de</strong> transporte —aéreo, marítimo, etc.— adquieren en<br />

<strong>el</strong> extranjero/en la economía compiladora. Esta clasifi cación no<br />

cubre los servicios auxiliares prestados (remolque, mantenimiento,<br />

etc.), que se clasifi can en la categoría transporte.<br />

Oro no monetario: compren<strong>de</strong>n las exportaciones e<br />

importaciones <strong>de</strong> todo <strong>el</strong> oro que no esté en po<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong> las<br />

autorida<strong>de</strong>s como activo <strong>de</strong> reserva (oro monetario).<br />

the opposite sign) of the components of the reserves and r<strong>el</strong>ated<br />

items account (roman numeral “VI” in the tables).<br />

This arrangement is based on common historical usage in<br />

most countries and on a major change introduced in the fi fth<br />

edition of the Balance of Payments Manual, i.e., what was<br />

formerly the capital account has been r<strong>el</strong>ab<strong>el</strong>ed the capital<br />

and fi nancial account. Refl ecting harmonization with the<br />

SNA, this change incorporates that system’s distinction<br />

between capital transfers and current transfers in balanceof-payments<br />

accounts.<br />

Main concepts<br />

Current account<br />

The current account covers all transactions (other than<br />

those of fi nancial items) that involve economic values<br />

and occur between resi<strong>de</strong>nt and non-resi<strong>de</strong>nt entities. It<br />

also covers offsets to current economic values provi<strong>de</strong>d<br />

or acquired without a quid pro quo. Specifi cally, the<br />

major classifi cations are goods and services, income<br />

and current transfers.<br />

Goods and services<br />

Goods<br />

General merchandise covers most movable goods that<br />

are exported to, or imported from, non-resi<strong>de</strong>nts by resi<strong>de</strong>nts<br />

and that, with a few specifi ed exceptions, un<strong>de</strong>rgo actual or<br />

imputed changes in ownership.<br />

Goods for processing covers exports (or imports, in<br />

the compiling economy) of goods crossing the bor<strong>de</strong>r for<br />

processing abroad and subsequent re-import (or export, in<br />

the compiling economy) of the goods, which are valued on<br />

a gross basis before and after processing. This item is an<br />

exception to the change of ownership principle.<br />

Repairs on goods covers repair activity on goods provi<strong>de</strong>d<br />

to or received from non-resi<strong>de</strong>nts on ships, aircraft, etc.<br />

Although the physical movement of these goods is similar<br />

to that <strong>de</strong>scribed in paragraph 154 of the Manual, the repairs<br />

are valued at the prices (fees paid or received) of the repairs<br />

rather than at the gross values of the goods before and after<br />

repairs are ma<strong>de</strong>.<br />

Goods procured in ports by carriers covers all goods<br />

(such as fu<strong>el</strong>s, provisions, stores and supplies) that resi<strong>de</strong>nt/<br />

non-resi<strong>de</strong>nt carriers —air, shipping, etc.— procure abroad<br />

(in the compiling economy). This classifi cation does not cover<br />

the provision of auxiliary services (towing, maintenance,<br />

etc.), which are covered un<strong>de</strong>r transportation.<br />

Non-monetary gold covers exports and imports of all<br />

gold that is not h<strong>el</strong>d as a reserve asset (monetary gold) by<br />

the authorities.


384 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

Servicios<br />

Transportes: abarcan la mayoría <strong>de</strong> los servicios<br />

prestados por resi<strong>de</strong>ntes a no resi<strong>de</strong>ntes, y viceversa, que<br />

se incluían en las partidas embarques y otros transportes<br />

<strong>de</strong> la cuarta edición <strong>de</strong>l Manual. En la quinta edición se<br />

excluye <strong>el</strong> seguro <strong>de</strong> fl etes, que forma parte <strong>de</strong> los servicios<br />

<strong>de</strong> seguros. Transportes incluyen <strong>el</strong> transporte <strong>de</strong> carga y <strong>de</strong><br />

pasajeros por todos los medios, así como otros servicios <strong>de</strong><br />

distribución y auxiliares, incluido <strong>el</strong> arrendamiento <strong>de</strong> equipo<br />

<strong>de</strong> transporte tripulado, con ciertas excepciones indicadas<br />

en los capítulos X, XI y XIII <strong>de</strong>l Manual.<br />

Viajes: compren<strong>de</strong>n bienes y servicios —incluidos los<br />

r<strong>el</strong>acionados con salud y educación— adquiridos en una economía<br />

por viajeros no resi<strong>de</strong>ntes (incluidos los excursionistas) para fi nes<br />

<strong>de</strong> negocios y para uso personal durante su estancia (inferior a<br />

un año) en esa economía. En viajes no se incluyen los servicios<br />

<strong>de</strong> transporte internacional <strong>de</strong> pasajeros, que forman parte <strong>de</strong><br />

transportes. Los estudiantes y las personas que están bajo tratamiento<br />

médico se tratan como viajeros, in<strong>de</strong>pendientemente <strong>de</strong> la duración<br />

<strong>de</strong> su estancia, en tanto que otros individuos —personal militar<br />

y <strong>de</strong> embajadas y trabajadores no resi<strong>de</strong>ntes— no se consi<strong>de</strong>ran<br />

viajeros. No obstante, los gastos incurridos por los trabajadores<br />

no resi<strong>de</strong>ntes se incluyen en viajes, mientras que los <strong>de</strong>l personal<br />

militar y <strong>de</strong> embajadas se incluyen en servicios <strong>de</strong>l gobierno,<br />

no incluidos en otra parte (n.i.o.p.).<br />

Otros servicios. En esta categoría se incluyen:<br />

Servicios <strong>de</strong> comunicaciones, que abarcan las transacciones<br />

<strong>de</strong> comunicaciones entre resi<strong>de</strong>ntes y no resi<strong>de</strong>ntes, incluidos<br />

los servicios postales, <strong>de</strong> mensajería y <strong>de</strong> t<strong>el</strong>ecomunicaciones<br />

(transmisión <strong>de</strong> sonido, imagen y otra información por<br />

diferentes medios, así como <strong>el</strong> mantenimiento pertinente<br />

proporcionado por resi<strong>de</strong>ntes a no resi<strong>de</strong>ntes y viceversa).<br />

Servicios <strong>de</strong> construcción, que incluyen las obras <strong>de</strong> proyectos<br />

<strong>de</strong> construcción e instalación realizadas, con carácter temporal,<br />

en <strong>el</strong> extranjero/en la economía compiladora o en enclaves<br />

extraterritoriales por empresas resi<strong>de</strong>ntes/no resi<strong>de</strong>ntes y su<br />

personal. En este concepto no se incluyen las obras realizadas<br />

por una fi lial extranjera <strong>de</strong> una empresa resi<strong>de</strong>nte o una ofi cina<br />

local no constituida en sociedad que sea equivalente, siempre y<br />

cuando satisfaga ciertos criterios a una fi lial extranjera.<br />

Servicios <strong>de</strong> seguros, que compren<strong>de</strong>n la contratación<br />

<strong>de</strong> seguros <strong>de</strong> no resi<strong>de</strong>ntes con aseguradoras resi<strong>de</strong>ntes<br />

y viceversa, incluidos los seguros <strong>de</strong> fl etes (<strong>de</strong> bienes<br />

exportados e importados), los servicios correspondientes<br />

a otras clases <strong>de</strong> seguros directos (<strong>de</strong> vida y otros) y los<br />

servicios correspondientes a reaseguros.<br />

Servicios fi nancieros (salvo los r<strong>el</strong>acionados con las<br />

empresas aseguradoras y las cajas <strong>de</strong> pensiones), que abarcan los<br />

servicios <strong>de</strong> intermediación fi nanciera y los servicios auxiliares<br />

entre resi<strong>de</strong>ntes y no resi<strong>de</strong>ntes. Se incluyen las comisiones<br />

Services<br />

Transportation covers most of the services performed<br />

by resi<strong>de</strong>nts for non-resi<strong>de</strong>nts and vice versa that were<br />

inclu<strong>de</strong>d in shipment and other transportation in the fourth<br />

edition of the Manual. In the fi fth edition, in however, freight<br />

insurance is inclu<strong>de</strong>d un<strong>de</strong>r insurance services rather than<br />

un<strong>de</strong>r transportation. Transportation inclu<strong>de</strong>s freight and<br />

passenger transportation by all mo<strong>de</strong>s of transportation and<br />

other distributive and auxiliary services, including rentals of<br />

transportation equipment together with a crew. Certain exceptions<br />

are noted in chapters X, XI and XIII of the Manual.<br />

Trav<strong>el</strong> covers goods and services —including those<br />

r<strong>el</strong>ated to health and education— acquired from an economy<br />

by non-resi<strong>de</strong>nt trav<strong>el</strong>ers (including excursionists) for<br />

business purposes and personal use during their visits<br />

(of less than one year) in that economy. Trav<strong>el</strong> exclu<strong>de</strong>s<br />

international passenger services, which are inclu<strong>de</strong>d in<br />

transportation. Stu<strong>de</strong>nts and medical patients are treated as<br />

trav<strong>el</strong>ers, regardless of their length of stay. Certain others<br />

individuals —military and embassy personn<strong>el</strong> and nonresi<strong>de</strong>nt<br />

workers— are not regar<strong>de</strong>d as trav<strong>el</strong>ers. However,<br />

expenditures by non-resi<strong>de</strong>nt workers are inclu<strong>de</strong>d in<br />

trav<strong>el</strong>, while those of military and embassy personn<strong>el</strong> are<br />

inclu<strong>de</strong>d in government services, not inclu<strong>de</strong>d <strong>el</strong>sewhere<br />

(n.i.e.).<br />

Other services. This category inclu<strong>de</strong>s the following:<br />

Communications services, which covers communications<br />

transactions between resi<strong>de</strong>nts and non-resi<strong>de</strong>nts. Such services<br />

comprise postal, courier and t<strong>el</strong>ecommunications services<br />

(transmission of sound, images and other information by<br />

various mo<strong>de</strong>s and associated maintenance provi<strong>de</strong>d by/for<br />

resi<strong>de</strong>nts by/for non-resi<strong>de</strong>nts).<br />

Construction services, which covers construction and<br />

installation project work that is, on a temporary basis, performed<br />

abroad/in the compiling economy or in offshore enclaves by<br />

resi<strong>de</strong>nt/non-resi<strong>de</strong>nt enterprises and their personn<strong>el</strong>. This<br />

does not inclu<strong>de</strong> work un<strong>de</strong>rtaken by a foreign affi liate of<br />

a resi<strong>de</strong>nt enterprise or by an unincorporated site offi ce<br />

which, if it meets certain criteria, is equivalent to a foreign<br />

affi liate.<br />

Insurance services, which covers the provision of<br />

insurance to non-resi<strong>de</strong>nts by resi<strong>de</strong>nt insurance enterprises<br />

and vice versa. This item comprises services provi<strong>de</strong>d for<br />

freight insurance (on goods exported and imported), services<br />

provi<strong>de</strong>d for other types of direct insurance (including life<br />

and non-life) and services provi<strong>de</strong>d for reinsurance.<br />

Financial services (other than those r<strong>el</strong>ated to insurance<br />

enterprises and pension funds), which covers fi nancial<br />

intermediation services and auxiliary services conducted<br />

between resi<strong>de</strong>nts and non-resi<strong>de</strong>nts. This category inclu<strong>de</strong>s


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 385<br />

y los <strong>de</strong>rechos r<strong>el</strong>acionados con cartas <strong>de</strong> crédito, líneas <strong>de</strong><br />

crédito, arrendamiento fi nanciero, transacciones en divisas,<br />

crédito al consumidor y a las empresas, corretaje, colocación<br />

y suscripción <strong>de</strong> valores, instrumentos <strong>de</strong> coberturas <strong>de</strong> riesgo<br />

<strong>de</strong> diferentes clases, etc. En los servicios auxiliares se incluyen<br />

los servicios <strong>de</strong> operación y reglamentación <strong>de</strong> los mercados<br />

fi nancieros, servicios <strong>de</strong> custodia <strong>de</strong> valores, etc.<br />

Servicios <strong>de</strong> informática y <strong>de</strong> información, que abarcan las<br />

transacciones entre resi<strong>de</strong>ntes y no resi<strong>de</strong>ntes r<strong>el</strong>acionadas con<br />

<strong>el</strong> asesoramiento en soporte técnico (hardware), aplicación <strong>de</strong><br />

soporte lógico (software), servicios <strong>de</strong> información (procesamiento<br />

<strong>de</strong> datos, bases <strong>de</strong> datos, agencias noticiosas) y mantenimiento<br />

y reparación <strong>de</strong> computadores y equipo conexo.<br />

Regalías y <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> licencia, que compren<strong>de</strong>n<br />

ingresos (exportación) y pagos (importación) <strong>de</strong> resi<strong>de</strong>ntes y<br />

no resi<strong>de</strong>ntes por: i) <strong>el</strong> uso autorizado <strong>de</strong> activos intangibles<br />

no fi nancieros no producidos y <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> propiedad como<br />

marcas registradas, <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> autor, patentes, procesos,<br />

técnicas, diseños, <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> fabricación, concesiones, etc.,<br />

y ii) <strong>el</strong> uso, mediante convenios <strong>de</strong> licencia, <strong>de</strong> originales o<br />

prototipos producidos, como manuscritos, p<strong>el</strong>ículas, etc.<br />

Otros servicios empresariales prestados por resi<strong>de</strong>ntes<br />

a no resi<strong>de</strong>ntes y viceversa, que se refi eren a servicios <strong>de</strong><br />

compraventa y otros servicios r<strong>el</strong>acionados con <strong>el</strong> comercio,<br />

servicios <strong>de</strong> arrendamiento <strong>de</strong> explotación y servicios<br />

empresariales, profesionales y técnicos varios.<br />

Servicios personales, culturales y recreativos, que abarcan<br />

i) servicios audiovisuales y conexos y<br />

ii) otros servicios culturales prestados por resi<strong>de</strong>ntes a no<br />

resi<strong>de</strong>ntes y viceversa.<br />

En <strong>el</strong> inciso i) se incluyen servicios r<strong>el</strong>acionados con<br />

la producción <strong>de</strong> p<strong>el</strong>ículas cinematográfi cas o vi<strong>de</strong>ocintas,<br />

programas <strong>de</strong> radio y t<strong>el</strong>evisión y grabaciones musicales. Por<br />

ejemplo, los alquileres y honorarios percibidos por artistas,<br />

productores, etc. por sus producciones y por la venta <strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> distribución a los medios <strong>de</strong> comunicación. En<br />

<strong>el</strong> inciso ii) se incluyen otros servicios personales, culturales<br />

y recreativos, como los r<strong>el</strong>acionados con bibliotecas, museos<br />

y otras activida<strong>de</strong>s culturales y <strong>de</strong>portivas.<br />

Servicios <strong>de</strong> gobierno, n.i.o.p., que incluyen todos<br />

los servicios (como los gastos incurridos por embajadas y<br />

consulados) r<strong>el</strong>acionados con sectores gubernamentales u<br />

organismos internacionales y regionales y no clasifi cados<br />

en otras partidas.<br />

Renta<br />

Remuneración <strong>de</strong> asalariados: abarca los salarios,<br />

su<strong>el</strong>dos y otras prestaciones en efectivo o en especie, incluidos<br />

los <strong>de</strong> los trabajadores fronterizos, <strong>de</strong> temporada y otros no<br />

resi<strong>de</strong>ntes (por ejemplo, personal local <strong>de</strong> embajadas).<br />

commissions and fees for letters of credit, lines of credit,<br />

fi nancial leasing services, foreign exchange transactions,<br />

consumer and business credit services, brokerage services,<br />

un<strong>de</strong>rwriting services, arrangements for various forms of<br />

hedging instruments, etc. Auxiliary services inclu<strong>de</strong> fi nancialmarket<br />

operational and regulatory services, security custody<br />

services, etc.<br />

Computer and information services, which covers<br />

resi<strong>de</strong>nt/non-resi<strong>de</strong>nt transactions r<strong>el</strong>ated to hardware<br />

consultancy, software implementation, information services<br />

(data processing, databases, news agencies) and maintenance<br />

and repair of computers and r<strong>el</strong>ated equipment.<br />

Royalties and licence fees, which covers receipts (exports)<br />

and payments (imports) of resi<strong>de</strong>nts and non-resi<strong>de</strong>nts for:<br />

(i) the authorized use of intangible non-produced, non-fi nancial<br />

assets and proprietary rights such as tra<strong>de</strong>marks, copyrights,<br />

patents, processes, techniques, <strong>de</strong>signs, manufacturing rights,<br />

franchises, etc., and (ii) the use, through licensing agreements,<br />

of produced originals or prototypes, such as manuscripts,<br />

fi lms, etc.<br />

Other business services provi<strong>de</strong>d by resi<strong>de</strong>nts to<br />

non-resi<strong>de</strong>nts and vice versa, which covers merchanting<br />

and other tra<strong>de</strong>-r<strong>el</strong>ated services; operational leasing<br />

services; and misc<strong>el</strong>laneous business, professional and<br />

technical services.<br />

Personal, cultural, and recreational services, which covers<br />

(i) audiovisual and r<strong>el</strong>ated services, and<br />

(ii) other cultural services provi<strong>de</strong>d by resi<strong>de</strong>nts to nonresi<strong>de</strong>nts<br />

and vice versa.<br />

Inclu<strong>de</strong>d un<strong>de</strong>r (i) are services associated with the<br />

production of motion pictures on fi lm or vi<strong>de</strong>o tape, radio and<br />

t<strong>el</strong>evision programmes, and musical recordings. (Examples<br />

of these services are rentals and fees received by actors,<br />

producers, etc., for productions and for distribution rights<br />

sold to the media.) Inclu<strong>de</strong>d un<strong>de</strong>r (ii) are other personal,<br />

cultural and recreational services, such as those associated<br />

with libraries, museums and other cultural and sporting<br />

activities.<br />

Government services, n.i.e., which covers all services<br />

(such as expenditures of embassies and consulates)<br />

associated with government sectors or international and<br />

regional organizations which are not classifi ed un<strong>de</strong>r other<br />

items.<br />

Income<br />

Compensation of employees covers wages, salaries<br />

and other benefi ts, in cash or in kind, and inclu<strong>de</strong>s those of<br />

bor<strong>de</strong>r, seasonal and other non-resi<strong>de</strong>nt workers (e.g., local<br />

staff of embassies).


386 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

Renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión: compren<strong>de</strong> los ingresos y pagos <strong>de</strong><br />

la renta <strong>de</strong>rivados, respectivamente, <strong>de</strong> las tenencias <strong>de</strong> activos<br />

fi nancieros <strong>de</strong> resi<strong>de</strong>ntes frente al exterior y <strong>de</strong> pasivos frente<br />

a no resi<strong>de</strong>ntes, que se divi<strong>de</strong> en renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión directa,<br />

renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera y renta <strong>de</strong> otra inversión. El<br />

componente inversión directa se <strong>de</strong>sglosa en renta proce<strong>de</strong>nte<br />

<strong>de</strong> acciones y otras participaciones <strong>de</strong> capital (divi<strong>de</strong>ndos,<br />

utilida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> sucursales y utilida<strong>de</strong>s reinvertidas) y en renta<br />

proce<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>uda (intereses); la renta <strong>de</strong> la inversión <strong>de</strong><br />

cartera se <strong>de</strong>sglosa también en renta proce<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> acciones y<br />

otras participaciones <strong>de</strong> capital (divi<strong>de</strong>ndos) y renta proce<strong>de</strong>nte<br />

<strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>uda (intereses); en renta <strong>de</strong> otra inversión se registran<br />

los intereses <strong>de</strong>vengados por otra inversión (préstamos, etc.)<br />

y, en principio, la renta imputada a las unida<strong>de</strong>s familiares<br />

proce<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> su participación neta <strong>de</strong> capital en las reservas<br />

<strong>de</strong> los seguros <strong>de</strong> vida y en las cajas <strong>de</strong> pensiones.<br />

Transferencias corrientes<br />

Las transferencias corrientes se distinguen <strong>de</strong> las<br />

transferencias <strong>de</strong> capital, que se incluyen en la cuenta<br />

<strong>de</strong> capital y fi nanciera para guardar la uniformidad con<br />

<strong>el</strong> tratamiento <strong>de</strong> las transferencias que hace <strong>el</strong> SCN. Las<br />

transferencias son los asientos compensatorios <strong>de</strong> los traspasos<br />

<strong>de</strong> propiedad <strong>de</strong> recursos reales o fi nancieros entre resi<strong>de</strong>ntes<br />

y no resi<strong>de</strong>ntes, ya sea en forma voluntaria u obligatoria,<br />

que no entrañan un quid pro quo en valor económico.<br />

En las transferencias corrientes se distinguen las <strong>de</strong>l gobierno<br />

general (por ejemplo, cooperación internacional corriente entre<br />

diferentes gobiernos, pagos <strong>de</strong> impuestos corrientes sobre la<br />

renta y <strong>el</strong> patrimonio, etc.) y otras transferencias (por ejemplo,<br />

remesas <strong>de</strong> trabajadores, primas —menos cargos por servicio— e<br />

in<strong>de</strong>mnizaciones <strong>de</strong> seguros excepto los <strong>de</strong> vida). En <strong>el</strong> capítulo<br />

XV <strong>de</strong>l Manual se examina en forma <strong>de</strong>tallada la distinción<br />

entre transferencias corrientes y transferencias <strong>de</strong> capital.<br />

Cuenta <strong>de</strong> capital<br />

Los componentes principales <strong>de</strong> la cuenta <strong>de</strong> capital son<br />

las transferencias <strong>de</strong> capital y la adquisición/enajenación<br />

<strong>de</strong> activos no fi nancieros no producidos. Las transferencias<br />

<strong>de</strong> capital son aqu<strong>el</strong>las en las que tiene lugar un traspaso <strong>de</strong><br />

propiedad <strong>de</strong> un activo fi jo, un traspaso <strong>de</strong> fondos vinculado<br />

o condicionado a la adquisición o enajenación <strong>de</strong> un activo<br />

fi jo, o la condonación <strong>de</strong> un pasivo por parte <strong>de</strong> un acreedor<br />

sin que se reciba a cambio una contrapartida.<br />

Las transferencias <strong>de</strong> capital se divi<strong>de</strong>n en i) las <strong>de</strong>l gobierno<br />

general (que a su vez se subdivi<strong>de</strong>n en condonación <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>udas<br />

y otras) y ii) las <strong>de</strong> otros sectores, haciéndose <strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong>sglose en<br />

transferencias <strong>de</strong> emigrantes, condonación <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>udas y otras.<br />

Cuenta fi nanciera<br />

La clasifi cación <strong>de</strong> los componentes <strong>de</strong> la cuenta fi nanciera<br />

se basa en los siguientes criterios:<br />

Investment income covers receipts and payments of<br />

income associated, respectiv<strong>el</strong>y, with holdings of external<br />

fi nancial assets by resi<strong>de</strong>nts and with liabilities to nonresi<strong>de</strong>nts.<br />

Investment income consists of direct investment<br />

income, portfolio investment income and other investment<br />

income. The direct investment component is broken<br />

down into income on equity (divi<strong>de</strong>nds, branch profi ts<br />

and reinvested earnings) and income on <strong>de</strong>bt (interest);<br />

portfolio investment income is broken down into income<br />

on equity (divi<strong>de</strong>nds) and income on <strong>de</strong>bt (interest);<br />

other investment income covers interest earned on other<br />

capital (loans, etc.) and, in principle, imputed income to<br />

households from net equity in life insurance reserves and<br />

in pension funds.<br />

Current transfers<br />

Current transfers are distinguished from capital transfers,<br />

which are inclu<strong>de</strong>d in the capital and fi nancial account in<br />

accordance with the SNA treatment of transfers. Transfers<br />

are the offsets to changes, which take place between resi<strong>de</strong>nts<br />

and non-resi<strong>de</strong>nts, in ownership of real resources or fi nancial<br />

items and, whether the changes are voluntary or compulsory,<br />

do not involve a quid pro quo in economic value.<br />

Current transfers inclu<strong>de</strong> those of general government<br />

(e.g., current international cooperation between different<br />

Governments, payments of current taxes on income and<br />

wealth, etc.) and other transfers (e.g., workers’ remittances,<br />

premiums —less service charges— and claims on nonlife<br />

insurance). Chapter XV of the Manual contains a full<br />

discussion of the distinction between current transfers and<br />

capital transfers.<br />

Capital account<br />

The major components of the capital account are capital<br />

transfers and acquisition/disposal of non-produced, nonfi<br />

nancial assets. Capital transfers consist of those involving<br />

transfers of ownership of fi xed assets; transfers of funds<br />

linked to, or conditional upon, acquisition or disposal of<br />

fi xed assets; or canc<strong>el</strong>lation, without any counterparts being<br />

received in return, of liabilities by creditors.<br />

Capital transfers inclu<strong>de</strong> two components: (i) general<br />

government, subdivi<strong>de</strong>d into <strong>de</strong>bt forgiveness and other, and<br />

(ii) other, subdivi<strong>de</strong>d into migrants’ transfers, <strong>de</strong>bt forgiveness,<br />

and other transfers.<br />

Financial account<br />

The classifi cation of the components of the fi nancial account<br />

is based on the following criteria:


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 387<br />

Todos los componentes se clasifi can según la clase <strong>de</strong><br />

inversión o haciéndose un <strong>de</strong>sglose funcional (inversión<br />

directa, inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera, otra inversión).<br />

Para la categoría inversión directa, se hace la distinción<br />

según la dirección (en <strong>el</strong> extranjero o en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante);<br />

para los componentes acciones y otras participaciones <strong>de</strong><br />

capital y otro capital, <strong>de</strong>ntro <strong>de</strong> esta categoría, se hace <strong>el</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong>sglose <strong>de</strong> activos y pasivos.<br />

En inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera y otra inversión se hace la<br />

distinción habitual entre activos y pasivos.<br />

Cobra particular importancia en inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera<br />

y otra inversión la distinción por clases <strong>de</strong> instrumentos<br />

(títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital, títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda,<br />

créditos comerciales, préstamos, moneda y <strong>de</strong>pósitos, otros<br />

activos o pasivos). Se incluye en inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera los<br />

instrumentos tradicionales y nuevos <strong>de</strong>l mercado monetario<br />

y otros instrumentos fi nancieros básicos y <strong>de</strong>rivados.<br />

En inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera y otra inversión se hace la<br />

distinción por sectores <strong>de</strong> acreedores internos, en <strong>el</strong> caso <strong>de</strong><br />

los activos, o por sectores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>udores internos, en <strong>el</strong> caso<br />

<strong>de</strong> los pasivos, a efectos <strong>de</strong> facilitar la vinculación con las<br />

cuentas <strong>de</strong> renta, la posición <strong>de</strong> inversión internacional, <strong>el</strong><br />

SCN y otros sistemas <strong>estadístico</strong>s.<br />

La distinción tradicional entre activos y pasivos a largo<br />

y a corto plazos, basada en un plazo contractual original <strong>de</strong><br />

más <strong>de</strong> un año o <strong>de</strong> un año o menos, se efectúa solamente en<br />

otra inversión. En los últimos años, este <strong>de</strong>sglose ha perdido<br />

importancia para muchas transacciones internas e internacionales;<br />

en consecuencia, tanto en <strong>el</strong> SCN como en <strong>el</strong> Manual se da<br />

menos importancia a la diferencia entre largo y corto plazo<br />

que en ediciones anteriores. Sin embargo, <strong>de</strong>bido a que <strong>el</strong><br />

vencimiento sigue siendo importante para fi nes específi cos<br />

—<strong>el</strong> análisis <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>uda externa, por ejemplo—, esta distinción<br />

se mantiene en <strong>el</strong> Manual para otra inversión.<br />

Inversión directa, categoría que refl eja <strong>el</strong> interés dura<strong>de</strong>ro<br />

<strong>de</strong> una entidad resi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> una economía (inversionista<br />

directo) en una entidad resi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> otra economía (empresa<br />

<strong>de</strong> inversión directa), abarca todas las transacciones entre<br />

inversionistas directos y empresas <strong>de</strong> inversión directa. Es<br />

<strong>de</strong>cir, la inversión directa abarca la transacción inicial entre<br />

las dos partes y todas las transacciones subsiguientes que<br />

tienen lugar entre <strong>el</strong>las y entre empresas fi liales, constituidas<br />

o no en sociedad. Las transacciones <strong>de</strong> inversión directa (en<br />

<strong>el</strong> extranjero y en la economía <strong>de</strong>clarante) se subclasifi can en<br />

acciones y otras participaciones <strong>de</strong> capital, utilida<strong>de</strong>s reinvertidas<br />

y otro capital (transacciones entre empresas afi liadas). En<br />

<strong>el</strong> caso <strong>de</strong> las acciones y otras participaciones <strong>de</strong> capital y<br />

<strong>de</strong> otro capital, se hace la distinción entre activos y pasivos<br />

frente a empresas fi liales y frente a inversionistas directos. Las<br />

transacciones entre bancos fi liales y entre otros intermediarios<br />

fi nancieros fi liales se limitan al capital en acciones y al que<br />

está r<strong>el</strong>acionado con la <strong>de</strong>uda permanente.<br />

All components are classifi ed according to type of<br />

investment or by functional breakdown (direct investment,<br />

portfolio investment, other investment).<br />

For the category of direct investment, there are directional<br />

distinctions (abroad or in the reporting economy) and, for<br />

the equity capital and other capital components within this<br />

category, asset/liability distinctions.<br />

For the categories of portfolio investment and other investment,<br />

the customary asset/liability distinctions are ma<strong>de</strong>.<br />

Particularly signifi cant for portfolio investment and other<br />

investment is the distinction by type of instrument (equity or<br />

<strong>de</strong>bt securities, tra<strong>de</strong> credits, loans, currency and <strong>de</strong>posits,<br />

other assets or liabilities). Traditional and new money market<br />

and other fi nancial instruments and <strong>de</strong>rivatives are inclu<strong>de</strong>d<br />

in portfolio investment.<br />

For portfolio investment and other investment, there<br />

are distinctions by sector of the domestic creditor for assets<br />

and by sector of the domestic <strong>de</strong>btor for liabilities. These<br />

distinctions serve to facilitate links with the income accounts,<br />

the international investment position, the SNA and other<br />

statistical systems.<br />

The traditional distinction between long- and short-term<br />

assets and liabilities, which is based on original contractual<br />

maturity of more than one year or one year or less, applies<br />

only to other investment. In recent years, the signifi cance of<br />

this distinction has clearly diminished for many domestic<br />

and international transactions. Consequently, the long- and<br />

short-term distinction is accor<strong>de</strong>d less importance in the<br />

SNA and in the Manual than in previous editions. However,<br />

because the maturity factor remains important for specifi c<br />

purposes —analysis of external <strong>de</strong>bt, for example— it is<br />

retained in the Manual for other investment.<br />

Direct investment, which refl ects the lasting interest<br />

of a resi<strong>de</strong>nt entity in one economy (direct investor) in<br />

an entity resi<strong>de</strong>nt in another economy (direct investment<br />

enterprise), covers all transactions between direct investors<br />

and direct investment enterprises. Thus, direct investment<br />

covers the initial transaction between the two and all<br />

subsequent transactions between them and among affi liated<br />

enterprises, both incorporated and unincorporated. Direct<br />

investment transactions (abroad and in the reporting<br />

economy) are subclassifi ed into equity capital, reinvested<br />

earnings and other capital (inter-company transactions).<br />

For equity capital and other capital, a distinction is ma<strong>de</strong><br />

between claims on and liabilities to affi liated enterprises<br />

and to direct investors. Transactions between affi liated<br />

banks and between other affi liated fi nancial intermediaries<br />

are limited to equity and permanent <strong>de</strong>bt capital.


388 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

Inversión <strong>de</strong> cartera compren<strong>de</strong> las transacciones en<br />

títulos <strong>de</strong> participación en <strong>el</strong> capital y títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda. Los<br />

títulos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>uda están subdivididos en bonos y pagarés,<br />

instrumentos <strong>de</strong>l mercado monetario e instrumentos fi nancieros<br />

<strong>de</strong>rivados (las opciones, por ejemplo), siempre que estos<br />

últimos generen activos y pasivos fi nancieros. Se incluyen,<br />

asimismo, varios instrumentos fi nancieros nuevos en las<br />

clasifi caciones <strong>de</strong> instrumentos (se excluyen las transacciones<br />

clasifi cadas como inversión directa y activos <strong>de</strong> reserva).<br />

Otra inversión incluye créditos comerciales a corto y largo<br />

plazo; préstamos, moneda y <strong>de</strong>pósitos (transferibles y otros,<br />

como <strong>de</strong>pósitos <strong>de</strong> ahorro y a plazo, acciones <strong>de</strong> asociaciones<br />

<strong>de</strong> ahorro y préstamo, acciones <strong>de</strong> cooperativas <strong>de</strong> crédito,<br />

etc.); otras cuentas por cobrar y por pagar (se excluyen las<br />

transacciones clasifi cadas como inversión directa y los pasivos<br />

que constituyen reservas <strong>de</strong> activida<strong>de</strong>s extranjeras).<br />

Errores y omisiones netos<br />

Al aplicar los criterios recomendados en <strong>el</strong> Manual, se<br />

obtiene un conjunto coherente <strong>de</strong> asientos con signo positivo<br />

y negativo cuyo total neto es teóricamente igual a cero. En la<br />

práctica, sin embargo, una vez sumados todos los asientos,<br />

la balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos casi siempre arroja un crédito neto o un<br />

débito neto. Este saldo se <strong>de</strong>be a errores y omisiones en la<br />

compilación <strong>de</strong> las estadísticas, algunos <strong>de</strong> los cuales pue<strong>de</strong>n<br />

tener r<strong>el</strong>ación con recomendaciones para una aproximación<br />

práctica a los criterios establecidos.<br />

Por regla general, en <strong>el</strong> estado <strong>de</strong> balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos se<br />

presenta una partida separada <strong>de</strong> errores y omisiones netos,<br />

que algunos compiladores <strong>de</strong>nominan partida equilibradora o<br />

discrepancia estadística, para compensar toda sobrestimación<br />

o subestimación <strong>de</strong> los componentes registrados. Así, si <strong>el</strong><br />

saldo <strong>de</strong> estos componentes refl eja un crédito, la partida <strong>de</strong><br />

errores y omisiones netos aparece como un débito <strong>de</strong> igual<br />

valor, y viceversa.<br />

Como algunos <strong>de</strong> los errores y omisiones que se<br />

producen al compilar los datos su<strong>el</strong>en compensarse entre<br />

sí, la magnitud <strong>de</strong> la partida residual no es necesariamente<br />

un indicio <strong>de</strong> la exactitud global <strong>de</strong>l estado. Aun así, cuando<br />

<strong>el</strong> residuo neto es gran<strong>de</strong>, es difícil interpretar un estado.<br />

Reservas y partidas conexas<br />

Las Reservas y partidas conexas incluyen los activos <strong>de</strong><br />

reserva, <strong>el</strong> uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y los préstamos <strong>de</strong>l FMI y <strong>el</strong><br />

fi nanciamiento excepcional.<br />

Los Activos <strong>de</strong> reserva compren<strong>de</strong>n las transacciones<br />

<strong>de</strong> aqu<strong>el</strong>los activos que las autorida<strong>de</strong>s monetarias <strong>de</strong> una<br />

economía consi<strong>de</strong>ran disponibles para aten<strong>de</strong>r necesida<strong>de</strong>s<br />

<strong>de</strong> fi nanciamiento <strong>de</strong> la balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos y, en algunos casos,<br />

otras necesida<strong>de</strong>s. Tal disponibilidad, en principio, no guarda<br />

estrecha r<strong>el</strong>ación con criterios formales tales como los <strong>de</strong><br />

propiedad o moneda <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>nominación. Esta categoría se divi<strong>de</strong><br />

en oro monetario, DEG, posición <strong>de</strong> reserva en <strong>el</strong> FMI, activos<br />

en divisas (moneda, <strong>de</strong>pósitos y valores) y otros activos.<br />

Portfolio investment covers transactions in equity<br />

securities and <strong>de</strong>bt securities; the latter are subdivi<strong>de</strong>d<br />

into bonds and notes, money market instruments and<br />

fi nancial <strong>de</strong>rivatives (such as options) when the <strong>de</strong>rivatives<br />

generate fi nancial claims and liabilities. Various new<br />

fi nancial instruments are covered un<strong>de</strong>r appropriate<br />

instrument classifi cations. (Transactions covered un<strong>de</strong>r<br />

direct investment and reserve assets are exclu<strong>de</strong>d).<br />

Other investment covers short- and long-term tra<strong>de</strong><br />

credits, loans; currency and <strong>de</strong>posits (transferable and other<br />

–such as savings and term <strong>de</strong>posits, savings and loan shares,<br />

shares in credit unions, etc.); and other accounts receivable<br />

and payable. Transactions covered un<strong>de</strong>r direct investment<br />

and liabilites constituting foreign authorities’ reserves are<br />

exclu<strong>de</strong>d.<br />

Net errors and omissions<br />

Application of the principles recommen<strong>de</strong>d in the Manual<br />

should result in a consistent body of positive and negative<br />

entries with a net (conceptual) total of zero. In practice,<br />

however, when all actual entries are totalled, the resulting<br />

balance will almost inevitably show a net credit or a net<br />

<strong>de</strong>bit. That balance is the result of errors and omissions<br />

in the compilation of statements. Some of the errors and<br />

omissions may be r<strong>el</strong>ated to recommendations for practical<br />

approximation to principles.<br />

In balance-of-payments statements, the standard<br />

practice is to show a separate item for net errors and<br />

omissions. Lab<strong>el</strong>ed by some compilers as a balancing item<br />

or statistical discrepancy, this item is inten<strong>de</strong>d as an offset<br />

to the overstatement or un<strong>de</strong>rstatement of the recor<strong>de</strong>d<br />

components. Thus, if the balance of those components is a<br />

credit, the item for net errors and omissions will be shown<br />

as a <strong>de</strong>bit of equal value, and vice versa.<br />

Usually, some of the errors and omissions that occur in the<br />

course of compilation offset one another. Therefore, the size of<br />

the residual item does not necessarily provi<strong>de</strong> any indication of<br />

the overall accuracy of the statement. Noneth<strong>el</strong>ess, interpretation<br />

of the statement is hampered by a large net residual.<br />

Reserves and r<strong>el</strong>ated items<br />

Reserves and r<strong>el</strong>ated items inclu<strong>de</strong> reserve assets, use<br />

of Fund credit, loans from the Fund, and exceptional<br />

fi nancing.<br />

Reserve assets cover transactions in those assets which<br />

the monetary authorities of an economy consi<strong>de</strong>r to be<br />

available for use in meeting balance of payments and, in<br />

some instances, other needs. Such availability is not linked,<br />

in principle, to formal criteria such as ownership or currency<br />

of <strong>de</strong>nomination. The items covered are monetary gold,<br />

SDRs, reserve position in the Fund, foreign exchange assets<br />

(currency, <strong>de</strong>posits and securities) and other claims.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 389<br />

Oro monetario: compren<strong>de</strong> las variaciones netas en las<br />

reservas <strong>de</strong> oro <strong>de</strong> la autoridad monetaria central.<br />

Derechos especiales <strong>de</strong> giro (DEG): compren<strong>de</strong>n las variaciones<br />

netas en las tenencias <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos especiales <strong>de</strong> giro.<br />

Posición <strong>de</strong> reserva en <strong>el</strong> FMI: es la variación positiva<br />

<strong>de</strong>l total <strong>de</strong> las compras que <strong>el</strong> país pue<strong>de</strong> efectuar en <strong>el</strong><br />

tramo <strong>de</strong> reserva más toda <strong>de</strong>uda <strong>de</strong>l FMI contraída en virtud<br />

<strong>de</strong> un convenio <strong>de</strong> préstamo cuyo reembolso pue<strong>de</strong> obtener<br />

fácilmente <strong>el</strong> país miembro.<br />

Activos en divisas: compren<strong>de</strong>n los activos clasifi cados<br />

en <strong>el</strong> rubro “divisas” <strong>de</strong> la serie <strong>de</strong> datos sobre “liqui<strong>de</strong>z<br />

internacional” publicada por <strong>el</strong> FMI en la publicación titulada<br />

Estadísticas fi nancieras internacionales.<br />

Otros activos: incluye todos los <strong>de</strong>más activos que<br />

forman la categoría <strong>de</strong> activos <strong>de</strong> reserva.<br />

La cobertura e i<strong>de</strong>ntifi cación <strong>de</strong> los componentes <strong>de</strong> los<br />

activos <strong>de</strong> reserva están r<strong>el</strong>acionadas con un concepto analítico;<br />

son en parte resultado <strong>de</strong> una <strong>de</strong>cisión razonada y no siempre<br />

se prestan a la aplicación <strong>de</strong> criterios objetivos y formales ni a<br />

clasifi caciones bien <strong>de</strong>limitadas respecto <strong>de</strong> la condicionalidad<br />

y otras consi<strong>de</strong>raciones. A diferencia <strong>de</strong> la cuarta edición <strong>de</strong>l<br />

Manual, en la quinta edición se excluyen las variaciones <strong>de</strong><br />

valoración <strong>de</strong> los activos <strong>de</strong> reserva y sus contrapartidas.<br />

También se excluyen la asignación y canc<strong>el</strong>ación <strong>de</strong> DEG,<br />

la monetización y <strong>de</strong>smonetización <strong>de</strong>l oro y los asientos <strong>de</strong><br />

contrapartida. Estas variaciones, que no constituyen transacciones,<br />

fi guran en la posición <strong>de</strong> inversión internacional.<br />

Uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito y préstamos <strong>de</strong>l FMI: incluye las compras<br />

y recompras en los tramos <strong>de</strong> crédito <strong>de</strong> la cuenta <strong>de</strong> recursos<br />

generales <strong>de</strong>l FMI, y los empréstitos netos en <strong>el</strong> marco <strong>de</strong>l<br />

servicio <strong>de</strong> ajuste estructural (SAE), <strong>el</strong> servicio reforzado<br />

<strong>de</strong> ajuste estructural (SRAE) y <strong>el</strong> fondo fi duciario.<br />

El uso <strong>de</strong> los recursos <strong>de</strong>l FMI está sujeto al principio<br />

r<strong>el</strong>ativo a la necesidad, <strong>el</strong> cual —conforme al Convenio<br />

Constitutivo <strong>de</strong>l FMI— está vinculado a la posición <strong>de</strong><br />

la balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos <strong>de</strong> un país miembro, a su posición <strong>de</strong><br />

reserva o a la evolución <strong>de</strong> sus reservas. Para <strong>de</strong>terminar la<br />

necesidad, se <strong>de</strong>be hacer una clara distinción entre:<br />

i) las transacciones que fi guran por encima <strong>de</strong> la línea y<br />

que se consi<strong>de</strong>ran autónomas o que tienen su propia<br />

razón <strong>de</strong> ser y que <strong>de</strong> esa manera provocan o dan como<br />

resultado un défi cit o superávit <strong>de</strong> pagos global, y<br />

ii) las que aparecen por <strong>de</strong>bajo <strong>de</strong> la línea, consi<strong>de</strong>radas<br />

acomodaticias o que fi nancian dicho défi cit o superávit.<br />

Aunque esa distinción entre grupos <strong>de</strong> transacciones<br />

entraña juicios subjetivos, presenta una medida <strong>de</strong>l<br />

défi cit o <strong>de</strong>l superávit e indica las necesida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong><br />

fi nanciamiento y/o los ajustes <strong>de</strong> política requeridos<br />

para corregir <strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong>sequilibrio.<br />

Monetary gold covers net variations in the gold reserves<br />

of the central monetary authority.<br />

Special drawing rights (SDRs) covers net variations in<br />

holdings of special drawing rights.<br />

Reserve position in the Fund is the positive variation in<br />

total reserve tranche purchases that a member may draw upon<br />

plus any in<strong>de</strong>btedness of the Fund un<strong>de</strong>r loan agreements<br />

that are readily repayable to the member.<br />

Foreign exchange assets covers claims that are shown as<br />

the foreign exchange component of the series for international<br />

liquidity published by the Fund in International Financial<br />

Statistics.<br />

Other claims inclu<strong>de</strong>s all claims not inclu<strong>de</strong>d in the<br />

above headings which constitute reserve assets.<br />

The coverage and i<strong>de</strong>ntification of reserve asset<br />

components are linked to an analytical concept, are in part<br />

judgmental, and are not always amenable to the application of<br />

objective, formal criteria or clear rankings as to conditionality<br />

or other consi<strong>de</strong>rations. In contrast to the treatment in the<br />

fourth edition of the Manual, valuation changes in reserve<br />

assets are exclu<strong>de</strong>d, along with counterparts to such changes,<br />

in the fi fth edition. Also exclu<strong>de</strong>d are the allocation/<br />

canc<strong>el</strong>lation of SDRs, the monetization/<strong>de</strong>monetization<br />

of gold, and counterpart entries. These changes, which do<br />

not constitute transactions, are refl ected in the international<br />

investment position.<br />

Use of Fund credit and loans from the Fund inclu<strong>de</strong>s<br />

purchases and re-purchases of credit tranches in the Fund’s<br />

General Resources Account and net credits within the framework<br />

of the Structural Adjustment Facility Enhanced Structural<br />

Adjustment Facility (ESAF) and the Trust Fund.<br />

The use of IMF resources is subject to a conceptual<br />

requirement of need, which —in accordance with the Articles<br />

of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund— is linked<br />

to a member country’s balance-of-payments position, its<br />

reserve position or changes in its reserves. The <strong>de</strong>termination<br />

of need requires that a clear distinction be drawn between:<br />

(i) above-the-line transactions that are consi<strong>de</strong>red to be<br />

autonomous or to have been un<strong>de</strong>rtaken for their own<br />

sake and thus give rise to an overall payments <strong>de</strong>fi cit<br />

or surplus, and<br />

(ii) b<strong>el</strong>ow-the-line items consi<strong>de</strong>red to be accommodating<br />

or fi nancing the <strong>de</strong>fi cit or surplus. While such a<br />

distinction between groups of transactions involves a<br />

<strong>de</strong>gree of judgment, it noneth<strong>el</strong>ess presents a measure<br />

of the <strong>de</strong>fi cit or surplus and indicates fi nancing needs<br />

and/or policy adjustments required to correct the<br />

imbalance.


390 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

Financiamiento excepcional: se refi ere a las transacciones<br />

efectuadas por las autorida<strong>de</strong>s para fi nanciar necesida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong><br />

balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos e incluye la obtención <strong>de</strong> recursos en préstamos<br />

<strong>de</strong>l exterior, los atrasos <strong>de</strong> pagos y la condonación <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>udas.<br />

El concepto <strong>de</strong> fi nanciamiento excepcional y su trato contable<br />

en la balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos ha evolucionado <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> la publicación <strong>de</strong><br />

la cuarta edición <strong>de</strong>l Manual, cobrando en los últimos años cada<br />

vez más importancia para las operaciones, las estadísticas y los<br />

países miembros <strong>de</strong>l FMI. Como alternativa o en combinación<br />

con la utilización <strong>de</strong> los activos <strong>de</strong> reserva y <strong>el</strong> uso <strong>de</strong>l crédito<br />

y préstamos <strong>de</strong>l FMI, <strong>el</strong> fi nanciamiento excepcional <strong>de</strong>nota<br />

cualquier otro mecanismo empleado por las autorida<strong>de</strong>s (u<br />

otros sectores inducidos por las autorida<strong>de</strong>s) <strong>de</strong> una economía<br />

para fi nanciar las necesida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos.<br />

<br />

2.2.2 Comercio exterior <strong>de</strong> bienes y<br />

servicios<br />

En esta sección, <strong>de</strong>dicada a las estadísticas <strong>de</strong>l sector externo, se<br />

presentan las cifras <strong>de</strong>l comercio exterior <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios.<br />

En r<strong>el</strong>ación con <strong>el</strong> comercio <strong>de</strong> bienes, los datos se compilaron<br />

sobre la base <strong>de</strong> las estadísticas ofi ciales <strong>de</strong>l comercio exterior<br />

<strong>de</strong> los respectivos países registrados en <strong>el</strong> Banco <strong>de</strong> Datos <strong>de</strong>l<br />

Comercio Exterior <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe (BADECEL).<br />

Los datos <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes están en valores<br />

FOB, mientras que los <strong>de</strong> las importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes están<br />

en valores CIF, con excepción <strong>de</strong> las cifras correspondientes<br />

a México y a la República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (cuyas<br />

importaciones se registran en valores FOB).<br />

El total correspondiente al conjunto <strong>de</strong> la región<br />

(excluidos Cuba y Haití, sobre los cuales no se dispone <strong>de</strong><br />

información), se calculó agrupando los datos por países.<br />

Los valores <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones e importaciones totales<br />

al mundo están expresados en valor FOB e incluyen algunas<br />

correcciones como se menciona al inicio <strong>de</strong> esta sección, por<br />

lo que los totales no siempre coinci<strong>de</strong>n con los extraídos <strong>de</strong>l<br />

BADECEL.<br />

Las cifras <strong>de</strong>l comercio <strong>de</strong> servicios se <strong>de</strong>sagregan según<br />

las principales categorías <strong>de</strong>l quinto manual <strong>de</strong> Balanza <strong>de</strong><br />

Pagos <strong>de</strong>l Fondo Monetario Internacional, esto es transporte,<br />

viajes y otros servicios.<br />

Clasifi cación <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones e importaciones<br />

<strong>de</strong> bienes<br />

Exportaciones <strong>de</strong> productos primarios y manufacturados<br />

Los datos que se presentan en esta sección <strong>de</strong>l <strong>Anuario</strong> se<br />

compilaron sobre la base <strong>de</strong> las estadísticas ofi ciales <strong>de</strong>l<br />

comercio exterior <strong>de</strong> los respectivos países registrados en <strong>el</strong><br />

Banco <strong>de</strong> Datos <strong>de</strong>l Comercio Exterior <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong><br />

y <strong>el</strong> Caribe (BADECEL).<br />

Exceptional fi nancing refers to transactions un<strong>de</strong>rtaken by<br />

the authorities for balance-of-payments reasons and inclu<strong>de</strong>s<br />

the procurement of resources in the form of external loans,<br />

payments arrears and <strong>de</strong>bt forgiveness.<br />

The concept of exceptional fi nancing and the r<strong>el</strong>ated<br />

balance-of-payments accounting treatment have evolved since<br />

the fourth edition of the Manual was published and have<br />

assumed increased importance for IMF operations, statistics<br />

and member countries in recent years. As an alternative to,<br />

or in conjunction with, the use of reserve assets, and of<br />

Fund credit and loans, exceptional fi nancing <strong>de</strong>notes any<br />

other arrangements ma<strong>de</strong> by authorities (or by other sectors<br />

fostered by authorities) of an economy to cover balance-ofpayments<br />

requirements.<br />

<br />

2.2.2 External tra<strong>de</strong> of goods and<br />

services<br />

This section on external sector statistics presents the fi gures<br />

r<strong>el</strong>ating to external tra<strong>de</strong> of goods and services. In r<strong>el</strong>ation<br />

to tra<strong>de</strong> in goods, the data were compiled on the basis of<br />

offi cial foreign tra<strong>de</strong> statistics of the r<strong>el</strong>evant countries listed<br />

in the External Tra<strong>de</strong> Data Bank for Latin America and the<br />

Caribbean (BADECEL). The data on the export of goods are<br />

given on an f.o.b. basis, while imports of goods are quoted<br />

on a c.i.f. basis, with the exception of the fi gures for Mexico<br />

and the Bolivarian Republic of Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (whose imports<br />

are recor<strong>de</strong>d f.o.b.).<br />

The total for the region as a whole (excluding Cuba and<br />

Haiti, for which no information is available) was obtained<br />

by grouping data by countries.<br />

Total values for worldwi<strong>de</strong> exports and imports are<br />

expressed on an f.o.b. basis and inclu<strong>de</strong> some adjustments<br />

as noted at the beginning of this section, which accounts for<br />

the fact that the totals do not always match those taken from<br />

BADECEL.<br />

The fi gures of tra<strong>de</strong> in services are broken down in<br />

accordance with the main categories contained in the fi fth<br />

edition of the IMF Balance of Payments Manual, i.e., transport,<br />

trav<strong>el</strong> and other services.<br />

Classifi cation of exports and imports of goods<br />

Exports of primary products and manufactures<br />

The data given in this section of the Yearbook were compiled<br />

on the basis of offi cial foreign tra<strong>de</strong> statistics of the respective<br />

countries registered in the Foreign Tra<strong>de</strong> Data Bank for Latin<br />

America and the Caribbean (BADECEL).


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 391<br />

El criterio adoptado para clasifi car tanto los productos<br />

primarios como los manufacturados correspon<strong>de</strong> al que<br />

utiliza la División <strong>de</strong> Estadística <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas<br />

para presentar los datos <strong>de</strong>l comercio exterior mundial por<br />

regiones económicas. Para <strong>el</strong>lo se agrupan las secciones <strong>de</strong><br />

la CUCI modifi cada <strong>de</strong> la manera siguiente:<br />

A. Productos primarios<br />

Compren<strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong> total <strong>de</strong> las secciones:<br />

0. Productos alimenticios y animales vivos<br />

1. Bebidas y tabaco<br />

2. Materiales crudos no comestibles, excepto los<br />

combustibles<br />

3. Combustibles y lubricantes, minerales y productos<br />

conexos<br />

4. Aceites, grasas y ceras <strong>de</strong> origen animal y vegetal<br />

9. Mercancías y operaciones no clasifi cadas en otro rubro<br />

<strong>de</strong> la CUCI.<br />

Se incluye a<strong>de</strong>más <strong>el</strong> capítulo 68 <strong>de</strong>nominado metales<br />

no ferrosos.<br />

B. Productos manufacturados<br />

Compren<strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong> total <strong>de</strong> las secciones:<br />

5. Productos químicos y conexos, n.e.p.<br />

6. Artículos manufacturados, clasifi cados principalmente<br />

según <strong>el</strong> material (excluido <strong>el</strong> capítulo 68: metales no<br />

ferrosos)<br />

7. Maquinaria y equipo <strong>de</strong> transporte<br />

8. Artículos manufacturados diversos.<br />

Las importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes se presentan según las<br />

tres clases básicas <strong>de</strong>l Sistema <strong>de</strong> Cuentas Nacionales<br />

(SCN). El criterio para <strong>de</strong>fi nir esta clasifi cación se basa en la<br />

reestructuración parcial <strong>de</strong> las 19 categorías <strong>de</strong> las Gran<strong>de</strong>s<br />

Categorías Económicas (GCE) <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas. 6 Así,<br />

se obtienen totales aproximados <strong>de</strong> los bienes <strong>de</strong> capital, los<br />

bienes intermedios y los bienes <strong>de</strong> consumo. Por otra parte,<br />

dada la importancia que tienen en <strong>el</strong> comercio internacional<br />

se presentan separadamente los carburantes para motores<br />

(categoría 321*) y los vehículos automotores <strong>de</strong> pasajeros<br />

(categoría 51*), Se excluye la gran categoría 7, “Bienes no<br />

especifi cados en otra partida”, por no ser consi<strong>de</strong>rada en ninguna<br />

<strong>de</strong> las tres clases básicas que se <strong>de</strong>fi nen a continuación:<br />

1. Bienes <strong>de</strong> capital<br />

Suma <strong>de</strong> categorías:<br />

41* Bienes <strong>de</strong> capital (excepto <strong>el</strong> equipo <strong>de</strong><br />

transporte)<br />

521* Material <strong>de</strong> transporte, industrial.<br />

6 Naciones Unidas, Clasificación por Gran<strong>de</strong>s Categorías Económicas, serie<br />

M, Nº 53, Nueva York, 1971.<br />

* Las referencias a la clasificación en GCE se señalan con un asterisco para<br />

evitar <strong>el</strong> riesgo <strong>de</strong> confusión con las secciones, capítulos y grupos numerados<br />

<strong>de</strong> la CUCI, modificada.<br />

The criterion adopted for classifying both primary<br />

products and manufactured goods is that used by the United<br />

Nations Statistical Division in presenting world foreign tra<strong>de</strong><br />

data by economic regions. For this purpose, the sections of<br />

the SITC, Revised, are grouped as follows:<br />

A. Primary products<br />

This group inclu<strong>de</strong>s all the products in the following<br />

sections:<br />

0. Food and live animals chiefl y for food<br />

1. Beverages and tobacco<br />

2. Cru<strong>de</strong> materials, non-edible, except fu<strong>el</strong>s<br />

3. Mineral fu<strong>el</strong>s, lubricants and r<strong>el</strong>ated materials<br />

4. Animal and vegetable oils, fats and waxes<br />

9. Commodities and transactions not classifi ed <strong>el</strong>sewhere<br />

in the SITC.<br />

Division 68 —non-ferrous metals— is also inclu<strong>de</strong>d.<br />

B. Manufactured goods<br />

This group inclu<strong>de</strong>s all the products in the following<br />

sections:<br />

5. Chemicals and r<strong>el</strong>ated products, n.e.c.<br />

6. Manufactured goods classifi ed chiefl y by material<br />

(excluding division 68: non-ferrous metals)<br />

7. Machinery and transport equipment<br />

8. Misc<strong>el</strong>laneous manufactured articles.<br />

Imports of goods are presented according to the three<br />

basic classes used in the System of National Accounts (SNA).<br />

The approach used in <strong>de</strong>fi ning this classifi cation was based<br />

on a partial reorganization of the 19 categories of the United<br />

Nations Classifi cation by Broad Economic Categories. 6<br />

On this basis, approximate totals have been obtained for<br />

capital goods, intermediate goods and consumer goods. In<br />

view of the important role in international tra<strong>de</strong> played by<br />

motor spirit (category 321*) and passenger motor cars<br />

(category 51*), these categories are presented separat<strong>el</strong>y.<br />

Broad category 7, “Goods not <strong>el</strong>sewhere specifi ed”, is not<br />

inclu<strong>de</strong>d since it is not covered by any of the three basic<br />

SNA categories, which are <strong>de</strong>fi ned as follows:<br />

1. Capital goods<br />

Sum of categories:<br />

41* Machinery and other capital equipment (except<br />

transport)<br />

521* Transport equipment, industrial.<br />

6 United Nations, Classification by Broad Economic Categories, Series M,<br />

No. 53, New York, 1971.<br />

* References to the Classification by Broad Economic Categories are marked<br />

with an asterisk to <strong>el</strong>iminate the risk of confusion with the numbered<br />

sections, divisions and groups of SITC, Revised.


392 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

2. Bienes intermedios<br />

Suma <strong>de</strong> categorías:<br />

121* Alimentos y bebidas, <strong>el</strong>aborados, <strong>de</strong>stinados<br />

principalmente a la industria<br />

111* Alimentos y bebidas, básicos, <strong>de</strong>stinados<br />

principalmente a la industria<br />

2* Suministros industriales no especifi cados en otra<br />

partida<br />

31* Combustibles y lubricantes, básicos<br />

322* Combustibles y lubricantes, <strong>el</strong>aborados (excluidos<br />

los carburantes)<br />

42* Piezas y accesorios para maquinaria y otro equipo<br />

<strong>de</strong> capital (excepto <strong>el</strong> equipo <strong>de</strong> transporte)<br />

53* Piezas y accesorios para equipo <strong>de</strong> transporte.<br />

3. Bienes <strong>de</strong> consumo<br />

Suma <strong>de</strong> categorías:<br />

112* Alimentos y bebidas, básicos, <strong>de</strong>stinados<br />

principalmente al consumo en los hogares<br />

122* Alimentos y bebidas, <strong>el</strong>aborados, <strong>de</strong>stinados<br />

principalmente al consumo en los hogares<br />

522* Material <strong>de</strong> transporte no industrial<br />

6* Artículos <strong>de</strong> consumo no especifi cados en otra<br />

partida.<br />

En cuanto a las exportaciones, a<strong>de</strong>más <strong>de</strong> la presentación<br />

tradicional en que se consi<strong>de</strong>ran dos gran<strong>de</strong>s grupos,<br />

<strong>de</strong>fi nidos según la CUCI como productos primarios y<br />

productos manufacturados, se ha incluido información según<br />

la Clasifi cación Industrial Internacional Uniforme <strong>de</strong> todas<br />

las activida<strong>de</strong>s económicas (CIIU, Rev. 2). Estas estadísticas<br />

tienen por objeto ilustrar las transacciones comerciales <strong>de</strong><br />

acuerdo con las tres gran<strong>de</strong>s divisiones (1 dígito) <strong>de</strong> la CIIU,<br />

Rev. 2, vinculadas con los bienes transportables, que son:<br />

Gran división 1. Agricultura, caza, silvicultura y pesca; Gran<br />

división 2. Explotación <strong>de</strong> minas y canteras, y Gran división<br />

3. Industrias manufactureras.<br />

Las gran<strong>de</strong>s divisiones 1 y 2 fi guran individualmente<br />

como un todo. En cambio, en <strong>el</strong> caso <strong>de</strong> la gran división 3,<br />

se ha preferido presentar estadísticas que refl ejen en forma<br />

más específi ca la clase <strong>de</strong> actividad económica que genera<br />

los bienes; en consecuencia, se han creado cuatro categorías<br />

agregándose las siguientes agrupaciones (3 dígitos):<br />

– Industria <strong>de</strong> alimentos, bebidas y tabaco<br />

311-312 Fabricación <strong>de</strong> productos alimenticios, excepto<br />

bebidas<br />

313 Industria <strong>de</strong> bebidas<br />

314 Industria <strong>de</strong>l tabaco.<br />

– Otras industrias, principalmente <strong>de</strong> bienes <strong>de</strong><br />

consumo no dura<strong>de</strong>ros<br />

321 Fabricación <strong>de</strong> textiles<br />

322 Fabricación <strong>de</strong> prendas <strong>de</strong> vestir, excepto calzado<br />

323 Industria <strong>de</strong>l cuero y productos <strong>de</strong> cuero, y<br />

sucedáneos <strong>de</strong> cuero y pi<strong>el</strong>es, excepto <strong>el</strong> calzado<br />

y otras prendas <strong>de</strong> vestir<br />

2. Intermediate goods<br />

Sum of categories:<br />

121* Food and beverages, processed, mainly for<br />

industry<br />

111* Food and beverages, primary, mainly for<br />

industry<br />

2* Industrial supplies not <strong>el</strong>sewhere specifi ed<br />

31* Fu<strong>el</strong>s and lubricants, primary<br />

322* Fu<strong>el</strong>s and lubricants, processed (other than motor<br />

spirit)<br />

42* Parts and accessories for machinery and other<br />

capital equipment (except transport)<br />

53* Parts and accessories for transport equipment.<br />

3. Consumer goods<br />

Sum of categories:<br />

112* Food and beverages, primary, mainly for household<br />

consumption<br />

122* Food and beverages, processed, mainly for<br />

household consumption<br />

522* Transport equipment, non- industrial<br />

6* Consumer goods not <strong>el</strong>sewhere specifi ed.<br />

In the case of exports, in addition to their presentation<br />

in the traditional format, which distinguishes between two<br />

broad groups <strong>de</strong>fi ned, on the basis of the SITC, as primary<br />

products and manufactured products, data organized on the<br />

basis of the International Standard Industrial Classifi cation of<br />

All Economic Activities (ISIC, Rev. 2) have also been inclu<strong>de</strong>d.<br />

These statistics are inten<strong>de</strong>d to provi<strong>de</strong> information about<br />

commercial transactions in terms of the three ISIC, Rev. 2,<br />

major divisions (one digit) r<strong>el</strong>ating to transportable goods,<br />

which are: Major Division 1. Agriculture, Hunting, Forestry<br />

and Fishing; Major Division 2. Mining and Quarrying; and<br />

Major Division 3. Manufacturing.<br />

Major Divisions 1 and 2 each appear as one unit. In<br />

the case of Major Division 3, however, it has been <strong>de</strong>emed<br />

appropriate to present statistics which provi<strong>de</strong> a more specifi c<br />

indication of the class of economic activity that generates the<br />

goods; thus, four categories have been created by aggregating<br />

the following groups (three digits):<br />

– Manufacture of food, beverages and tobacco<br />

311-312 Food manufacturing, except beverages<br />

313 Beverage industries<br />

314 Tobacco manufactures.<br />

– Other manufacturing, mainly of non-durable<br />

consumer goods<br />

321 Manufacture of textiles<br />

322 Manufacturing of wearing appar<strong>el</strong>, except footwear<br />

323 Manufacture of leather and products of leather,<br />

leather substitutes and fur, except footwear and<br />

wearing appar<strong>el</strong>


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 393<br />

324 Fabricación <strong>de</strong> calzado, excepto <strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong> caucho<br />

vulcanizado o mol<strong>de</strong>ado o <strong>de</strong> plástico<br />

332 Fabricación <strong>de</strong> muebles y accesorios, excepto los<br />

que son principalmente metálicos<br />

342 Imprentas, editoriales e industrias conexas<br />

390 Otras industrias manufactureras.<br />

– Industrias, principalmente <strong>de</strong> bienes intermedios<br />

331 Industria <strong>de</strong> la ma<strong>de</strong>ra y productos <strong>de</strong> ma<strong>de</strong>ra y<br />

<strong>de</strong> corcho, excepto muebles<br />

341 Fabricación <strong>de</strong> pap<strong>el</strong> y productos <strong>de</strong> pap<strong>el</strong><br />

351 Fabricación <strong>de</strong> sustancias químicas industriales<br />

352 Fabricación <strong>de</strong> otros productos químicos<br />

353 Refi nerías <strong>de</strong> petróleo<br />

354 Fabricación <strong>de</strong> productos diversos <strong>de</strong>rivados <strong>de</strong>l<br />

petróleo y <strong>de</strong>l carbón<br />

355 Fabricación <strong>de</strong> productos <strong>de</strong> caucho<br />

356 Fabricación <strong>de</strong> productos <strong>de</strong> plástico, n.e.p.<br />

361 Fabricación <strong>de</strong> objetos <strong>de</strong> barro, loza y porc<strong>el</strong>ana<br />

362 Fabricación <strong>de</strong> vidrio y productos <strong>de</strong> vidrio<br />

369 Fabricación <strong>de</strong> otros productos minerales no<br />

metálicos<br />

371 Industrias básicas <strong>de</strong> hierro y acero<br />

372 Industrias básicas <strong>de</strong> metales no ferrosos.<br />

– Industrias, metalmecánicas<br />

381 Fabricación <strong>de</strong> productos metálicos, exceptuando<br />

maquinaria y equipo<br />

382 Construcción <strong>de</strong> maquinaria, exceptuando la<br />

<strong>el</strong>éctrica<br />

383 Construcción <strong>de</strong> maquinaria, aparatos, accesorios<br />

y suministros <strong>el</strong>éctricos<br />

384 Construcción <strong>de</strong> material <strong>de</strong> transporte<br />

385 Fabricación <strong>de</strong> equipo profesional y científi co,<br />

instrumentos <strong>de</strong> medida y <strong>de</strong> control n.e.p., y<br />

aparatos fotográfi cos e instrumentos <strong>de</strong> óptica.<br />

Cabe señalar que la cobertura <strong>de</strong> la información que<br />

se presenta —según la CIIU, Rev. 2— acerca <strong>de</strong> Barbados,<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Jamaica, Panamá y Trinidad y Tabago no<br />

es completa, <strong>de</strong>bido a que estos países no disponen en algunos<br />

casos <strong>de</strong> datos los sufi cientemente <strong>de</strong>sagregados según la<br />

CUCI, lo que impi<strong>de</strong> establecer una a<strong>de</strong>cuada corr<strong>el</strong>ación<br />

con la CIIU, Rev. 2.<br />

De este modo, por una parte se ha procurado introducir una<br />

clasifi cación universal, apta para <strong>el</strong> análisis económico <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong><br />

punto <strong>de</strong> vista <strong>de</strong>l uso que se da a los bienes importados y por<br />

otra, brindar información básica para examinar la evolución <strong>de</strong><br />

la estructura <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes según <strong>el</strong> origen <strong>de</strong><br />

la actividad que los genera, fenómeno que en buena medida<br />

refl eja <strong>el</strong> progreso tecnológico <strong>de</strong> un país.<br />

324 Manufacture of footwear, except vulcanized or<br />

moul<strong>de</strong>d rubber or plastic footwear<br />

332 Manufacture of furniture and fi xtures, except<br />

primarily of metal<br />

342 Printing, publishing and allied industries<br />

390 Other manufacturing industries.<br />

– Manufacturing, mainly of intermediate goods<br />

331 Manufacture of wood and wood and cork products,<br />

except furniture<br />

341 Manufacture of paper and paper products<br />

351 Manufacture of industrial chemicals<br />

352 Manufacture of other chemical products<br />

353 Petroleum refi neries<br />

354 Manufacture of misc<strong>el</strong>laneous products of petroleum<br />

and coal<br />

355 Manufacture of rubber products<br />

356 Manufacture of plastic products, n.e.c.<br />

361 Manufacture of pottery, china and earthenware<br />

362 Manufacture of glass and glass products<br />

369 Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral<br />

products<br />

371 Iron and ste<strong>el</strong> basic industries<br />

372 Non-ferrous metal basic industries.<br />

– Manufacture of fabricated metal products, machinery<br />

and equipment<br />

381 Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except<br />

machinery and equipment<br />

382 Manufacture of machinery except <strong>el</strong>ectrical<br />

383 Manufacture of <strong>el</strong>ectrical machinery, apparatus,<br />

appliances and supplies<br />

384 Manufacture of transport equipment<br />

385 Manufacture of professional and scientifi c, and<br />

measuring and controlling equipment, n.e.c. and<br />

of photographic and optical goods.<br />

For Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Dominica, Jamaica, Panama<br />

and Trinidad and Tobago, the coverage of the information<br />

presented —according to ISIC, Rev. 2— is incomplete<br />

because not all of the data for these countries are suffi ciently<br />

disaggregated according to SITC, and therefore cannot be<br />

properly corr<strong>el</strong>ated with ISIC, Rev. 2.<br />

By this means, an attempt has been ma<strong>de</strong>, on the one<br />

hand, to introduce a universal system of classifi cation geared<br />

to the purposes of economic analysis from the standpoint of<br />

the use to which merchandise imports are put and, on the<br />

other hand, to provi<strong>de</strong> basic information for use in examining<br />

trends in the structure of merchandise exports in terms of<br />

the activity that produces them, which to a large extent<br />

refl ects the technological progress ma<strong>de</strong> in a country.


394 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

A<strong>de</strong>más, para dar una concepción más amplia <strong>de</strong> los<br />

principales productos <strong>de</strong> exportación <strong>de</strong> cada país, se han<br />

s<strong>el</strong>eccionado los diez más importantes según la magnitud<br />

<strong>de</strong> su valor. Estos pue<strong>de</strong>n ser variables <strong>de</strong> un año a otro, en<br />

la medida que se produzcan importantes cambios en los<br />

volúmenes y en los precios r<strong>el</strong>ativos <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones o<br />

que aparezcan nuevos productos exportables que <strong>de</strong>splacen<br />

a los s<strong>el</strong>eccionados anteriormente.<br />

<br />

2.2.3 Indicadores <strong>de</strong>l sector externo<br />

Los índices <strong>de</strong>l comercio exterior con base 2000 cubren los<br />

bienes y los servicios y son <strong>el</strong> resultado <strong>de</strong>l trabajo efectuado<br />

en la División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones Económicas<br />

en 2005 con motivo <strong>de</strong>l cambio <strong>de</strong> año base <strong>de</strong> las series<br />

estadísticas que publica la CEPAL.<br />

Índices <strong>de</strong>l comercio <strong>de</strong> bienes<br />

En <strong>el</strong> caso <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones e importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes se<br />

calcularon los índices <strong>de</strong> valor (IVX, IVM), volumen (IQX,<br />

IQM) y valor unitario (IVUX, IVUM).<br />

La información utilizada proviene <strong>de</strong>l Banco <strong>de</strong> Datos<br />

<strong>de</strong>l Comercio Exterior <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe,<br />

<strong>de</strong> fuentes nacionales (bancos centrales o institutos <strong>de</strong><br />

estadística) y <strong>de</strong> fuentes internacionales como es <strong>el</strong> caso <strong>de</strong><br />

organizaciones especializadas y organismos internacionales<br />

(UNSD, UNCTAD, Fondo Monetario Internacional, Banco<br />

Mundial, OPEP).<br />

Índices <strong>de</strong> valor<br />

Los índices <strong>de</strong> valor se calcularon a partir <strong>de</strong> las series expresadas<br />

en dólares corrientes <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones e importaciones <strong>de</strong><br />

bienes registradas en la balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos.<br />

Xt Mt<br />

IVX = 100 * IVM = 100 *<br />

Xo Mo<br />

don<strong>de</strong> “X” y “M” son respectivamente las exportaciones<br />

y las importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes, “t” <strong>el</strong> año corriente y “o” <strong>el</strong><br />

año base (al efecto, 2000).<br />

Índices <strong>de</strong> valor unitario<br />

Los índices <strong>de</strong> valor unitario se calcularon a partir <strong>de</strong> la<br />

información registrada en BADECEL y, en casos particulares,<br />

<strong>de</strong> fuentes nacionales; son índices tipo Paasche, esto es:<br />

Pxt*Qxt Pmt*Qmt<br />

IVUX = 100 * IVUM = 100 *<br />

Pxo*Qxt Pmo*Qmt<br />

don<strong>de</strong> Pxt y Pmt son los precios en <strong>el</strong> período t <strong>de</strong> las canastas<br />

<strong>de</strong> exportación e importación, respectivamente; Qxt y Qmt son<br />

los volúmenes exportados e importados en <strong>el</strong> período t.<br />

In addition, in or<strong>de</strong>r to provi<strong>de</strong> a broa<strong>de</strong>r picture of the<br />

main exports of each country, the 10 exports which were<br />

most important in terms of value have been s<strong>el</strong>ected. These<br />

may vary from year to year as major changes occur in export<br />

volumes and r<strong>el</strong>ative prices or as new exportable products<br />

overshadow those s<strong>el</strong>ected previously.<br />

<br />

2.2.3 External sector indicators<br />

External tra<strong>de</strong> indices with 2000 as the base year cover goods<br />

and services and are the result of calculations produced in<br />

2005 by the Statistics and Economic Projections Division<br />

to refl ect the change in the base year used in the statistical<br />

series published by ECLAC.<br />

Indices of tra<strong>de</strong> in goods<br />

In the case of exports and imports of goods, the value indices<br />

(VIX, VIM), volume indices (QIX, QIM) and unit value<br />

indices (XUVI, MUVI) were calculated.<br />

The information used was taken from the External<br />

Tra<strong>de</strong> Data Bank for Latin America and the Caribbean<br />

(BADECEL), national sources (central banks or statistical<br />

institutes) and international sources, such as specialized<br />

agencies and international bodies (United Nations Statistical<br />

Division, UNCTAD, IMF, World Bank and the Organization<br />

of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)).<br />

Value indices<br />

Value indices were based on the series expressed in current<br />

dollars of exports and imports of goods recor<strong>de</strong>d in the<br />

balance of payments.<br />

Xt Mt<br />

VIX = 100 * VIM = 100 *<br />

Xo Mo<br />

where “X” and “M” represent exports and imports of goods,<br />

respectiv<strong>el</strong>y, “t” represents the current year and “o”, the base<br />

year (in this instance, 2000).<br />

Unit value indices<br />

The unit value indices were based on information recor<strong>de</strong>d<br />

in BADECEL and, in particular cases, on national sources;<br />

they are Paasche-type indices, that is:<br />

Pxt*Qxt Pmt*Qmt<br />

XUVIX = 100 *<br />

Pxo*Qxt<br />

MUVI = 100 *<br />

Pmo*Qmt<br />

where Pxt and Pmt are the prices in period t of the export<br />

and import baskets, respectiv<strong>el</strong>y, and Qxt and Qmt are the<br />

volumes exported and imported during period t.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 395<br />

Se construyeron muestras <strong>de</strong> bienes exportados e importados<br />

para los períodos 1970-1989 y 1990-2004 con año base 1980 y<br />

2000, respectivamente, con <strong>el</strong> propósito <strong>de</strong> refl ejar los cambios<br />

en la estructura <strong>de</strong> comercio a través <strong>de</strong>l tiempo.<br />

En <strong>el</strong> proceso se presentaron casos en los que la<br />

información <strong>de</strong> BADECEL tuvo que complementarse con<br />

información adicional pues en algunos países una parte<br />

consi<strong>de</strong>rable <strong>de</strong> comercio no se registra ni contabiliza en los<br />

registros administrativos ya sea por la existencia <strong>de</strong> zonas<br />

francas, por <strong>el</strong> comercio <strong>de</strong> maquila o por <strong>el</strong> contrabando.<br />

Por otra parte, existen partidas signifi cativas en <strong>el</strong> volumen<br />

<strong>de</strong> comercio <strong>de</strong> algunos países para los que no se cuenta<br />

con información sobre su volumen por lo que se utilizaron<br />

precios internacionales representativos.<br />

Índices <strong>de</strong> volumen<br />

Los índices <strong>de</strong> volumen (IQ) se obtienen <strong>de</strong>fl actando las series<br />

en valores corrientes por los índices <strong>de</strong> valor unitario.<br />

Xt/IVUXt<br />

IQX = 100*<br />

Xo/IVUXo<br />

Mt/IVUMt<br />

IQM = 100*<br />

Mo/IVUMo<br />

Índices <strong>de</strong>fl actores <strong>de</strong> servicios<br />

La <strong>de</strong>sagregación <strong>de</strong> los servicios en precio y cantidad es una<br />

tarea compleja pues generalmente no se dispone <strong>de</strong> datos que<br />

permitan calcular estos índices. Sin embargo, dado <strong>el</strong> interés<br />

que reviste este tipo <strong>de</strong> análisis, en la CEPAL se calculan<br />

<strong>de</strong>fl actores para <strong>el</strong> comercio internacional <strong>de</strong> servicios.<br />

Los índices <strong>de</strong> valor unitario <strong>de</strong> servicios calculados<br />

por la CEPAL tienen como año base <strong>el</strong> 2000 y se <strong>de</strong>sagregan<br />

según <strong>el</strong> esquema analítico <strong>de</strong> la quinta edición <strong>de</strong>l Manual<br />

<strong>de</strong> balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos <strong>de</strong>l Fondo Monetario Internacional en<br />

transporte, viajes y otros servicios. Esto plantea la aplicación <strong>de</strong><br />

una metodología particular según la naturaleza <strong>de</strong>l servicio.<br />

Transporte<br />

En <strong>el</strong> caso <strong>de</strong>l transporte, se utilizan varias fuentes <strong>de</strong><br />

información <strong>de</strong>sagregando en transporte marítimo, aéreo y otros.<br />

En <strong>el</strong> caso <strong>de</strong>l transporte marítimo se utiliza la información<br />

<strong>de</strong> fl etes publicada en <strong>el</strong> Review of Maritime Transport <strong>de</strong><br />

la UNCTAD, don<strong>de</strong> a<strong>de</strong>más se distinguen las tarifas por<br />

tipo <strong>de</strong> fl ete (liner, charter o tanker). Se aplican los índices<br />

<strong>de</strong> precios según <strong>el</strong> tipo <strong>de</strong> bienes comercializados por cada<br />

país, distinguiendo entre productos básicos, manufacturados<br />

y petróleo. En <strong>el</strong> caso <strong>de</strong>l transporte aéreo, se utilizan índices<br />

<strong>de</strong> precios publicados por la Organización <strong>de</strong> Aviación Civil<br />

Internacional (OACI) e índices <strong>de</strong> pasajes aéreos publicados<br />

por <strong>el</strong> Departamento <strong>de</strong> Comercio <strong>de</strong> Estados Unidos.<br />

Viajes<br />

El valor que se registra en los créditos <strong>de</strong> viajes fue<br />

<strong>de</strong>fl actado por un índice que incorpora la infl ación interna<br />

y la variación <strong>de</strong>l tipo <strong>de</strong> cambio nominal <strong>de</strong> los países. El<br />

Samples of goods exported and imported were constructed<br />

for the periods 1970-1989 and 1990-2004 with base year<br />

1980 and 2000, respectiv<strong>el</strong>y, in or<strong>de</strong>r to refl ect the changes<br />

in tra<strong>de</strong> structure over time.<br />

In the process, cases arose in which the data from<br />

BADECEL had to be supplemented with additional information,<br />

as in some countries a substantial proportion of tra<strong>de</strong> is not<br />

recor<strong>de</strong>d and accounted for in the administrative registers,<br />

either because of the existence of free zones or maquila tra<strong>de</strong>,<br />

or as a result of smuggling. Moreover, some countries lack<br />

data on the volume of tra<strong>de</strong> in signifi cant items, for which<br />

proxy international prices are used.<br />

Volume indices<br />

Volume indices (QI) are obtained by <strong>de</strong>fl ating the series in<br />

current values with the unit value indices.<br />

Xt/XUVIt<br />

QIX = 100*<br />

Xo/XUVIo<br />

Mt/MUVIt<br />

QIM = 100*<br />

Mo/MUVIo<br />

Defl ator indices for services<br />

It is diffi cult to disaggregate services into price and quantity,<br />

since data for calculating such indices are not usually<br />

available. Neverth<strong>el</strong>ess, in view of the interest in this type<br />

of analysis within ECLAC, <strong>de</strong>fl ators have been calculated<br />

for the international tra<strong>de</strong> in services.<br />

Unit value indices for services calculated by ECLAC<br />

use 2000 as the base year and are broken down, in line with<br />

the analytical method set out in the fi fth edition of the IMF<br />

Balance of Payments Manual, into transport, trav<strong>el</strong> and<br />

other services. This calls for the application of a particular<br />

methodology, <strong>de</strong>pending on the nature of the service.<br />

Transport<br />

In the case of transport, various sources of information are<br />

used and the data broken down into maritime, air and other<br />

transport. In the case of maritime transport, the freight<br />

information used is taken from the UNCTAD Review of<br />

Maritime Transport, which also distinguishes between rates<br />

per type of freight arrangement (liner, charter or tanker). The<br />

price indices used <strong>de</strong>pend on the type of goods marketed<br />

by each country, with distinctions between commodities,<br />

manufactured goods and oil. In the case of air transport,<br />

price indices published by the International Civil Aviation<br />

Organization and air passage indices published by the United<br />

States Department of Commerce are used.<br />

Trav<strong>el</strong><br />

The value for trav<strong>el</strong> credits was <strong>de</strong>fl ated by an in<strong>de</strong>x that<br />

incorporates countries’ domestic infl ation and the variation<br />

in their nominal exchange rate. The value for trav<strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong>bits


396 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

valor registrado en débitos <strong>de</strong> viajes fue <strong>de</strong>fl actado por un<br />

índice que compren<strong>de</strong> la infl ación y la variación <strong>de</strong>l tipo <strong>de</strong><br />

cambio nominal <strong>de</strong> los países industrializados y los países<br />

receptores <strong>de</strong> turismo.<br />

Las fuentes <strong>de</strong> información para estas estimaciones son<br />

los índices <strong>de</strong> precios al consumidor que calculan los países,<br />

<strong>el</strong> tipo <strong>de</strong> cambio nominal medio <strong>de</strong> la moneda local respecto<br />

<strong>de</strong>l dólar que publica <strong>el</strong> Fondo Monetario Internacional en<br />

<strong>el</strong> tipo <strong>de</strong> cambio rf.<br />

Otros servicios<br />

En lo que se refi ere al rubro otros servicios, los créditos se<br />

<strong>de</strong>fl actaron por <strong>el</strong> mismo índice <strong>de</strong> los créditos <strong>de</strong> viajes<br />

mientras que <strong>el</strong> valor <strong>de</strong> los débitos se <strong>de</strong>fl actó por <strong>el</strong> índice<br />

<strong>de</strong> precios al por mayor <strong>de</strong> los países industrializados.<br />

De esta manera se obtuvieron series en valores constantes<br />

e índices <strong>de</strong> volumen (año base 2000=100,0) para <strong>el</strong> total<br />

<strong>de</strong> servicios.<br />

Índices <strong>de</strong>fl actores <strong>de</strong> servicios <strong>de</strong> factores y<br />

transferencias<br />

Para completar <strong>el</strong> cálculo <strong>de</strong> la cuenta corriente a precios<br />

constantes se utilizó <strong>el</strong> índice implícito <strong>de</strong> las importaciones<br />

<strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios como <strong>de</strong>fl actor <strong>de</strong>l saldo <strong>de</strong> la renta <strong>de</strong><br />

factores y <strong>de</strong> las transferencias corrientes.<br />

R<strong>el</strong>ación <strong>de</strong> precios <strong>de</strong>l intercambio<br />

La r<strong>el</strong>ación <strong>de</strong> precios <strong>de</strong>l intercambio se <strong>de</strong>fi ne como:<br />

IVUX<br />

TT = 100*<br />

IVUM<br />

Se pue<strong>de</strong>n calcular los índices <strong>de</strong> términos <strong>de</strong>l<br />

intercambio ya sea para bienes como para <strong>el</strong> agregado <strong>de</strong><br />

bienes y servicios.<br />

La <strong>de</strong>fl ación <strong>de</strong> las variables <strong>de</strong> la cuenta corriente<br />

mediante distintos índices exige introducir una variable<br />

<strong>de</strong> ajuste para conciliar dicha cuenta a precios constantes.<br />

Convencionalmente, esta variable se <strong>de</strong>nomina efecto <strong>de</strong><br />

la r<strong>el</strong>ación <strong>de</strong> precios <strong>de</strong>l intercambio; su exacta <strong>de</strong>fi nición<br />

<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>, obviamente, <strong>de</strong>l tipo <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>fl actores que se apliquen<br />

a las transacciones <strong>de</strong> la cuenta corriente. En <strong>el</strong> ejercicio que<br />

se presenta se adoptó <strong>el</strong> índice implícito <strong>de</strong> las importaciones<br />

<strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios para <strong>de</strong>fl actar las variables fi nancieras y<br />

las transferencias corrientes. Por consiguiente, <strong>el</strong> efecto <strong>de</strong> la<br />

r<strong>el</strong>ación <strong>de</strong> intercambio se expresa en la siguiente fórmula:<br />

IVUXbys<br />

ERI = XBS vcte * [ -1]<br />

IVUMbys<br />

ERI: efecto <strong>de</strong> la r<strong>el</strong>ación <strong>de</strong> precios <strong>de</strong>l intercambio<br />

XBSvcte: exportaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios a precios<br />

constantes<br />

was <strong>de</strong>fl ated by an in<strong>de</strong>x based on infl ation and the variation<br />

in the nominal exchange rate in the industrialized countries<br />

and the tourism-receiving countries.<br />

The sources of information for these estimates are the<br />

consumer price indices calculated by the countries and the<br />

average nominal exchange rate of the local currency against<br />

the United States dollar, as published by IMF un<strong>de</strong>r the<br />

exchange-rate rf series.<br />

Other services<br />

With respect to the category “other services”, the credits are<br />

<strong>de</strong>fl ated by the same in<strong>de</strong>x as the trav<strong>el</strong> credits, while the<br />

value of <strong>de</strong>bits was <strong>de</strong>fl ated using the wholesale price in<strong>de</strong>x<br />

of the industrialized countries.<br />

In this way, series in constant values and volume indices<br />

(base year 2000=100.0) were obtained for total services.<br />

Defl ator indices of factor services and transfers<br />

In or<strong>de</strong>r to complete the current account calculation at<br />

constant prices, the implicit in<strong>de</strong>x of imports of goods and<br />

services was used as a <strong>de</strong>fl ator for the factor income and<br />

current transfers balances.<br />

Terms of tra<strong>de</strong><br />

The terms of tra<strong>de</strong> are <strong>de</strong>fi ned as:<br />

XUVI<br />

TT = 100*<br />

MUVI<br />

Terms of tra<strong>de</strong> indices may be calculated either for<br />

goods or for the aggregate of goods and services.<br />

In or<strong>de</strong>r to <strong>de</strong>fl ate current account variables using<br />

different indices, an adjustment variable must be introduced<br />

to reconcile that account at constant prices. Traditionally,<br />

this variable is lab<strong>el</strong>led the terms of tra<strong>de</strong> effect; obviously,<br />

its exact <strong>de</strong>fi nition <strong>de</strong>pends on the type of <strong>de</strong>fl ators that are<br />

applied to the current account transactions. In the exercise<br />

presented, the implicit in<strong>de</strong>x of imports of goods and services<br />

was used to <strong>de</strong>fl ate the fi nancial variables and current transfers.<br />

Accordingly, the terms of tra<strong>de</strong> effect is expressed in the<br />

following formula:<br />

XUVIg&s<br />

ETT = XGS vct * [ -1]<br />

MUVIg&s<br />

Where:<br />

ETT is the effect of the terms of tra<strong>de</strong><br />

XGSvct are exports of goods and services at constant<br />

prices


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 397<br />

IVUXbys: índice <strong>de</strong> valor unitario <strong>de</strong> exportaciones <strong>de</strong><br />

bienes y servicios<br />

IVUMbys: índice <strong>de</strong> valor unitario <strong>de</strong> importaciones <strong>de</strong><br />

bienes y servicios<br />

En esta ecuación, <strong>el</strong> efecto <strong>de</strong> la r<strong>el</strong>ación <strong>de</strong> precios <strong>de</strong>l<br />

intercambio teóricamente mi<strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong> volumen <strong>de</strong> importaciones que<br />

podría fi nanciarse con <strong>el</strong> valor <strong>de</strong> una unidad <strong>de</strong> exportaciones<br />

a precios <strong>de</strong>l año base. Por su parte, <strong>el</strong> volumen total <strong>de</strong><br />

importaciones que pue<strong>de</strong> fi nanciarse con <strong>el</strong> volumen total<br />

<strong>de</strong> las exportaciones (XBSvcte* [IVUXbys / IVUMbys])<br />

se <strong>de</strong>fi ne como <strong>el</strong> po<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong> compra <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones.<br />

Pue<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>ducirse, por lo tanto, que <strong>el</strong> efecto <strong>de</strong> la r<strong>el</strong>ación<br />

<strong>de</strong>l intercambio es igual a la diferencia entre <strong>el</strong> po<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong><br />

compra <strong>de</strong> las exportaciones y <strong>el</strong> volumen efectivamente<br />

exportado. Así pues, ambas variables son equivalentes solo<br />

en <strong>el</strong> caso en que la r<strong>el</strong>ación <strong>de</strong> precios <strong>de</strong>l intercambio es<br />

igual a la unidad.<br />

<br />

2.2.4 Financiamiento y <strong>de</strong>uda externa<br />

Las cifras que se presentan en esta sección correspon<strong>de</strong>n a<br />

las siguientes <strong>de</strong>fi niciones:<br />

Deuda externa total: compren<strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong> total <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>uda<br />

pública externa, la <strong>de</strong>uda privada garantizada por <strong>el</strong> sector<br />

público y la <strong>de</strong>uda privada <strong>de</strong> mediano, largo y corto plazo, más<br />

la <strong>de</strong>uda con <strong>el</strong> Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI).<br />

Transferencia neta <strong>de</strong> recursos: equivale al ingreso neto<br />

<strong>de</strong> capitales (autónomos y no autónomos) más (+) errores<br />

y omisiones, menos (-) las utilida<strong>de</strong>s e intereses netos, que<br />

incluyen tanto los intereses efectivamente pagados como los<br />

vencidos y no pagados.<br />

Intereses <strong>de</strong>vengados: se refi eren a los intereses <strong>de</strong> los<br />

pasivos fi nancieros efectivamente pagados y a los vencidos<br />

y no pagados.<br />

Utilida<strong>de</strong>s pagadas: compren<strong>de</strong>n las remesas enviadas<br />

al exterior y las utilida<strong>de</strong>s reinvertidas.<br />

Inversión extranjera directa neta: incluye la inversión<br />

directa en <strong>el</strong> extranjero y la inversión directa en la economía<br />

<strong>de</strong>clarante.<br />

Tenencia <strong>de</strong> reservas internacionales: constituye una<br />

categoría especial <strong>de</strong> capital que trata <strong>de</strong> refl ejar en forma<br />

aproximada la liqui<strong>de</strong>z internacional <strong>de</strong> un país en un <strong>de</strong>terminado<br />

momento teniendo en cuenta los criterios básicos que son <strong>el</strong><br />

“control efectivo” y la “disponibilidad <strong>de</strong> uso” <strong>de</strong> los activos. Al<br />

respecto, <strong>el</strong> Fondo Monetario Internacional recomienda adoptar<br />

como criterio <strong>de</strong> control efectivo que “los únicos activos que<br />

XUVIg&s is the export unit value in<strong>de</strong>x of goods and<br />

services<br />

MUVIg&s is the import unit value in<strong>de</strong>x of goods and<br />

services<br />

In this equation, the terms of tra<strong>de</strong> effect theoretically<br />

measures the volume of imports that could be fi nanced with<br />

the value of one unit of exports in base year prices. In turn,<br />

the total volume of imports that could be fi nanced with the<br />

total volume of exports (XGSvct* [XUVIg&s / MUVIg&s])<br />

is <strong>de</strong>fi ned as the purchasing power of exports. It may<br />

therefore be inferred that the terms of tra<strong>de</strong> effect is equal<br />

to the difference between the purchasing power of exports<br />

and the volume actually exported. Thus, the two variables<br />

are equivalent only with unitary terms of tra<strong>de</strong>.<br />

<br />

2.2.4 Financing and external <strong>de</strong>bt<br />

The fi gures reported in this section correspond to the<br />

following <strong>de</strong>fi nitions:<br />

Total external <strong>de</strong>bt comprises the total external public<br />

<strong>de</strong>bt, publicly guaranteed private-sector <strong>de</strong>bt, and medium-,<br />

long- and short-term private <strong>de</strong>bt, plus <strong>de</strong>bt owed to the<br />

International Monetary Fund (IMF).<br />

Net transfer of resources is equivalent to net capital<br />

infl ows (autonomous and non-autonomous) plus (+) errors<br />

and omissions, less (-) net earnings and interest, which inclu<strong>de</strong><br />

both interest actually paid and interest due and unpaid.<br />

Accrued interest refers to actually paid interest on<br />

fi nancial liabilities as w<strong>el</strong>l as interest due and unpaid.<br />

Paid profi ts inclu<strong>de</strong> remittances sent abroad and reinvested<br />

earnings.<br />

Net foreign direct investment inclu<strong>de</strong>s direct investment<br />

abroad and direct investment in the reporting economy.<br />

International reserve holdings constitute a special<br />

category of capital inten<strong>de</strong>d to provi<strong>de</strong> an approximate<br />

indication of a particular country’s international liquidity<br />

at a given time, bearing in mind the basic criteria of<br />

effective control and availability for use. In this regard, IMF<br />

recommends that the question of effective control be based<br />

on the criterion that “only foreign claims actually owned


398 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

se clasifi can como parte <strong>de</strong> las reservas son los activos sobre<br />

<strong>el</strong> exterior que efectivamente pertenezcan a las autorida<strong>de</strong>s<br />

centrales”; sin embargo, no se <strong>de</strong>scartan situaciones en que ese<br />

control pudiera ampliarse mediante políticas monetarias para<br />

estimular una colaboración <strong>de</strong>l sector privado en esta materia.<br />

Según <strong>el</strong> criterio <strong>de</strong> “disponibilidad <strong>de</strong> uso” (posibilidad<br />

<strong>de</strong> que las autorida<strong>de</strong>s que posean los activos puedan disponer<br />

<strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong>los <strong>de</strong> inmediato), <strong>el</strong> oro, los <strong>de</strong>rechos especiales <strong>de</strong> giro<br />

(DEG) y las posiciones <strong>de</strong> reservas en <strong>el</strong> Fondo Monetario,<br />

constituyen la máxima forma <strong>de</strong> liqui<strong>de</strong>z. Sin embargo,<br />

este se consi<strong>de</strong>ra un enfoque excesivamente riguroso en la<br />

<strong>de</strong>fi nición <strong>de</strong> las reservas. Un criterio más fl exible consiste<br />

en examinar si existe un razonable grado <strong>de</strong> seguridad <strong>de</strong><br />

que, en caso necesario, se pueda contar con las condiciones<br />

para utilizar <strong>el</strong> activo en la institucionalidad vigente.<br />

En resumen, no hay una <strong>de</strong>fi nición rígida <strong>de</strong>l concepto<br />

<strong>de</strong> reservas. En todo caso, cabe señalar que <strong>el</strong> concepto <strong>de</strong><br />

reservas en los cuadros sobre “tenencias” incluye <strong>el</strong> oro<br />

monetario, los DEG, la posición <strong>de</strong> reserva en <strong>el</strong> Fondo<br />

Monetario Internacional y las divisas.<br />

Debido a los problemas <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>fi nición <strong>de</strong> las reservas<br />

internacionales mencionados y a la valorización <strong>de</strong>l oro, los<br />

niv<strong>el</strong>es <strong>de</strong> tenencias <strong>de</strong> reservas publicados en otras fuentes<br />

no se consi<strong>de</strong>ran estrictamente comparables con las cifras<br />

publicadas en este <strong>Anuario</strong>.<br />

La porción <strong>de</strong> oro <strong>de</strong> las reservas publicadas en este<br />

<strong>Anuario</strong> se valora uniformemente a los precios en Londres<br />

al fi nal <strong>de</strong> cada año. Por otra parte, las tenencias <strong>de</strong> reservas<br />

a fi nales <strong>de</strong> cada año se expresan también en función <strong>de</strong>l<br />

número <strong>de</strong> meses <strong>de</strong> importaciones <strong>de</strong> bienes y servicios que<br />

podrían fi nanciarse con <strong>el</strong>las, consi<strong>de</strong>rando <strong>el</strong> valor medio<br />

<strong>de</strong> las importaciones <strong>de</strong> cada año.<br />

<br />

2.3 Precios<br />

Índices <strong>de</strong>l niv<strong>el</strong> general <strong>de</strong> precios mayoristas por cada país.<br />

Estos varían consi<strong>de</strong>rablemente en cuanto a los bienes que<br />

compren<strong>de</strong>n y a la etapa <strong>de</strong> captación <strong>de</strong> los precios.<br />

Índices <strong>de</strong> precios al consumidor. Representan en general<br />

<strong>el</strong> costo, r<strong>el</strong>ativo al período base, <strong>de</strong> una canasta típica <strong>de</strong> bienes<br />

y servicios efectivamente adquirida por un grupo representativo<br />

<strong>de</strong> consumidores. Con respecto a los países que calcularon sus<br />

índices <strong>de</strong> precios al consumidor con una base distinta a la <strong>de</strong><br />

2000, se procedió a uniformar la base utilizando un procedimiento<br />

aritmético. Así, las series <strong>de</strong> un consi<strong>de</strong>rable número <strong>de</strong> países<br />

se <strong>el</strong>aboraron efectuando empalmes con índices <strong>de</strong> distinta base<br />

y, en algunos casos, fue inevitable vincular índices <strong>de</strong> diferente<br />

by the central authorities would be found to form part of<br />

the reserves”, although it is recognized that there may be<br />

situations where such control could be broa<strong>de</strong>ned by means<br />

of monetary policies <strong>de</strong>signed to <strong>el</strong>icit the collaboration of<br />

the private sector in this respect.<br />

Using the criterion of “availability for use” (i.e., the<br />

possibility that the authorities possessing the assets can<br />

make use of them immediat<strong>el</strong>y), gold, special drawing rights<br />

(SDR) and IMF reserve positions are the most unconditional<br />

form of liquidity. However, this is consi<strong>de</strong>red to be an<br />

excessiv<strong>el</strong>y rigorous criterion for the <strong>de</strong>fi nition of reserves.<br />

A more fl exible approach is to consi<strong>de</strong>r whether there is a<br />

reasonable <strong>de</strong>gree of certainty that, should the need arise, the<br />

necessary conditions for using the asset within the existing<br />

institutional structure could be satisfi ed.<br />

In sum, there is no strict <strong>de</strong>fi nition of the concept of<br />

reserves. In the case at hand, it should be noted that the<br />

concept of reserves used in the tables on “holdings” inclu<strong>de</strong>s<br />

monetary gold, SDRs, IMF reserve position and foreign<br />

exchange.<br />

Owing to these problems in <strong>de</strong>fi ning international<br />

reserves and to the valuation of gold, the lev<strong>el</strong>s of reserve<br />

holdings published in other sources are not consi<strong>de</strong>red to<br />

be strictly comparable with the fi gures published in the<br />

Yearbook.<br />

The gold portion of the reserves published in this<br />

Yearbook is uniformly valued at the London price at the<br />

end of each year. In addition, the reserve holdings at<br />

the end of each year are also expressed in terms of the<br />

number of months of imports of goods and services that<br />

they would fi nance, based on the mean value of imports<br />

in each year.<br />

2.3 Prices<br />

Indices of the general lev<strong>el</strong> of wholesale prices in each country.<br />

These vary consi<strong>de</strong>rably in terms of the goods covered and<br />

the point at which the prices are measured.<br />

Consumer price indices. Generally speaking, these<br />

represent the cost, r<strong>el</strong>ative to the base period, of a typical basket<br />

of goods and services actually acquired by a representative<br />

group of consumers. For those countries which calculated<br />

their consumer price indices using a base year other than<br />

2000, the base was standardized arithmetically. The series<br />

for a consi<strong>de</strong>rable number of countries were thus prepared by<br />

splicing indices with different base years and, in some cases,<br />

it was necessary to link indices having different geographic


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 399<br />

cobertura ya sea <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong> punto <strong>de</strong> vista geográfi co o según<br />

los estratos socioeconómicos investigados. En todo caso, la<br />

ten<strong>de</strong>ncia general <strong>de</strong> estos índices constituye una buena pauta<br />

para analizar la evolución <strong>de</strong> los precios al consumidor.<br />

<br />

2.4 Estadísticas sectoriales<br />

Agricultura y silvicultura<br />

La mayoría <strong>de</strong> las series estadísticas y los correspondientes<br />

indicadores provienen <strong>de</strong> las estimaciones <strong>de</strong> la Organización<br />

<strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación<br />

(FAO).<br />

Índices <strong>de</strong> producción agropecuaria e índices <strong>de</strong> productos<br />

alimenticios. Correspon<strong>de</strong>n al concepto <strong>de</strong> producción neta.<br />

Minería y manufactura<br />

Se incluyen series <strong>de</strong> producción expresadas en términos<br />

físicos <strong>de</strong> 13 productos principales. Las series se presentan<br />

por producto para cada uno <strong>de</strong> los países productores y<br />

para la región en su conjunto.<br />

or socioeconomic coverages. Noneth<strong>el</strong>ess, the general trend<br />

of these indices constitutes a good frame of reference for<br />

analysing movements in consumer prices.<br />

2.4 Sectoral statistics<br />

Agriculture and forestry<br />

Most of the statistical series and the corresponding<br />

indicators are taken from estimates prepared by the<br />

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations<br />

(FAO).<br />

Indices of agricultural production and indices of food<br />

products. These correspond to net production.<br />

Mining and manufacturing<br />

Production series expressed in physical terms are given<br />

for 13 main products. The series are presented by product<br />

for each of the producer countries and for the region as<br />

a whole.


400 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 401<br />

3. Estadísticas <strong>de</strong> recursos<br />

naturales y <strong>de</strong>l medio<br />

ambiente<br />

<br />

La dimensión ambiental <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>sarrollo requiere <strong>de</strong><br />

información estadística <strong>de</strong> calidad, oportuna y sistemática,<br />

que permita orientar las <strong>de</strong>cisiones <strong>de</strong> política hacia las<br />

áreas o sectores <strong>de</strong> mayor necesidad, establecer priorida<strong>de</strong>s<br />

y evaluar sus efectos.<br />

Sin embargo, las estadísticas y los indicadores ambientales<br />

constituyen un área incipiente en pleno <strong>de</strong>sarrollo, que intenta<br />

respon<strong>de</strong>r a la creciente <strong>de</strong>manda <strong>de</strong> información ambiental<br />

(estadísticas, indicadores y cuentas ambientales). En <strong>América</strong><br />

<strong>Latina</strong> y en <strong>el</strong> Caribe es notoria la escasez <strong>de</strong> series estadísticas<br />

ambientales y la situación en los países es heterogénea, tanto<br />

en lo que respecta a la capacidad <strong>de</strong> producir las estadísticas<br />

como a la calidad <strong>de</strong> la información resultante. Con <strong>el</strong> fi n<br />

<strong>de</strong> superar progresivamente esta situación y avanzar como<br />

región hacia la producción y armonización <strong>de</strong> las estadísticas<br />

ambientales es preciso consolidar las instituciones y <strong>de</strong>sarrollar<br />

capacida<strong>de</strong>s técnicas nacionales.<br />

Esta tarea es ardua, sobre todo <strong>de</strong>bido a la transversalidad,<br />

complejidad y naturaleza dinámica <strong>de</strong> los fenómenos<br />

ambientales, que cubren múltiples disciplinas y especialida<strong>de</strong>s<br />

(aire, agua, mares, tierra, uso <strong>de</strong>l su<strong>el</strong>o, energía y <strong>de</strong>sechos,<br />

entre otras).<br />

La División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones Económicas<br />

<strong>de</strong> la CEPAL <strong>de</strong>spliega esfuerzos para sistematizar y difundir<br />

conocimientos y metodologías, crear sinergias e impulsar <strong>el</strong><br />

trabajo <strong>de</strong> re<strong>de</strong>s regionales, contribuyendo a que los países se<br />

involucren en la producción sistemática <strong>de</strong> series estadísticas<br />

e indicadores ambientales y la enriquezcan progresivamente.<br />

En ese sentido cabe <strong>de</strong>stacar la labor realizada en <strong>el</strong> marco<br />

<strong>de</strong>l proyecto Red <strong>de</strong> Instituciones y Expertos en Estadísticas<br />

Sociales y <strong>de</strong> Medio Ambiente <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong><br />

3. Statistics on natural<br />

resources and the<br />

environment<br />

The environmental dimension of <strong>de</strong>v<strong>el</strong>opment calls for<br />

tim<strong>el</strong>y, systematic quality statistical information to gui<strong>de</strong><br />

policy <strong>de</strong>cisions for the most crucial areas or sectors,<br />

establishing priorities or permiting an evaluation of<br />

their effects.<br />

However, environmental statistics and indicators constitute<br />

a rapidly emerging area, which seeks to respond to the growing<br />

<strong>de</strong>mand for environmental information (statistics, indicators<br />

and environmental accounts). In Latin America and the<br />

Caribbean, environmental statistical series are notoriously<br />

scarce and the different countries present a mixed picture both<br />

in terms of their capacity to produce environmental statistics<br />

and in terms of the quality of the information produced. To<br />

gradually remedy this situation and move forward as a region<br />

towards the production and harmonization of environmental<br />

statistics, it will be necessary to build solid institutions and<br />

<strong>de</strong>v<strong>el</strong>op technical skills at the national lev<strong>el</strong>.<br />

This is no easy task, mainly because of the crosscutting,<br />

complex and dynamic nature of environmental<br />

phenomena, which encompass multiple disciplines and<br />

specialities (air, water, seas, land, land use, energy, waste<br />

matter, etc.).<br />

The Statistics and Economic Projections Division of<br />

ECLAC strives to systematize and disseminate knowledge<br />

and methodologies, generate synergies and promote the<br />

work of regional networks, h<strong>el</strong>ping countries to become<br />

involved in, or gradually enrich, the systematic production of<br />

series of environmental statistics and indicators. Signifi cant<br />

work has been carried out un<strong>de</strong>r the environmental project<br />

entitled “Network of Institutions and Experts on Social<br />

and Environmental Statistics” (REDESA), which centred


402 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

Caribe (REDESA), cuya ejecución se centró en activida<strong>de</strong>s<br />

<strong>de</strong> capacitación y asistencia técnica orientadas a los países,<br />

para <strong>de</strong>sarrollar una red <strong>de</strong> expertos y técnicos nacionales<br />

que compartieron sus conocimientos y pusieron en común las<br />

mejores prácticas <strong>de</strong> los países más avanzados en la materia.<br />

Entre los resultados principales <strong>de</strong>l proyecto cabe mencionar <strong>el</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong>sarrollo <strong>de</strong> la Base <strong>de</strong> Datos <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas e Indicadores <strong>de</strong><br />

Medio Ambiente (BADEIMA), basada en información enviada<br />

directamente por los países y que se encuentra disponible<br />

para consulta en <strong>el</strong> sitio web <strong>de</strong> la División. 1 BADEIMA se<br />

<strong>el</strong>aboró sobre la base <strong>de</strong> información precisa y pertinente, y las<br />

variables que contiene son resultado <strong>de</strong> un proceso <strong>de</strong> consulta<br />

a los países y los expertos regionales. Asimismo, se <strong>de</strong>sarrolló<br />

una base <strong>de</strong> documentos metodológicos y técnicos, <strong>de</strong>stinada<br />

a fortalecer <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sarrollo <strong>de</strong> capacida<strong>de</strong>s, así como<br />

a servir <strong>de</strong> punto <strong>de</strong> partida para homogeneizar conceptos y<br />

metodologías. 2<br />

En este marco <strong>de</strong> expansión <strong>de</strong> las activida<strong>de</strong>s<br />

estadísticas, <strong>el</strong> resultado <strong>de</strong>l trabajo en la esfera ambiental<br />

se incorpora por primera vez en <strong>el</strong> <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> la<br />

CEPAL en un capítulo específi co sobre recursos naturales y<br />

medio ambiente. En <strong>el</strong> capítulo se presenta información <strong>de</strong><br />

BADEIMA y <strong>de</strong> organismos internacionales especializados<br />

en las diversas áreas <strong>de</strong> interés para la región. Se trata <strong>de</strong> un<br />

primer esfuerzo orientado a s<strong>el</strong>eccionar estadísticas sobre<br />

las áreas temáticas r<strong>el</strong>evantes para la región, y sobre las que<br />

se dispone <strong>de</strong> información <strong>de</strong> calidad. Se espera que este se<br />

enriquezca progresivamente con información <strong>de</strong> otras áreas<br />

(calidad <strong>de</strong> agua, tratamiento <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sechos, entre otras), así<br />

como con información proporcionada directamente por los<br />

países, gracias al paulatino avance en <strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong>sarrollo <strong>de</strong> sus<br />

sistemas <strong>estadístico</strong>s ambientales.<br />

Este capítulo se estructura <strong>de</strong> acuerdo con la clasifi cación<br />

<strong>de</strong> las estadísticas y los indicadores ambientales contenidos<br />

en BADEIMA. A continuación fi guran las <strong>de</strong>fi niciones<br />

<strong>de</strong> los principales conceptos y variables <strong>de</strong>l capítulo, así<br />

como información metodológica que permite una correcta<br />

interpretación <strong>de</strong> los cuadros por parte <strong>de</strong>l lector. El alto<br />

grado <strong>de</strong> complejidad <strong>de</strong> los temas cubiertos impi<strong>de</strong> una<br />

<strong>de</strong>scripción exhaustiva <strong>de</strong> cada uno, por lo que se presentan<br />

solo los <strong>el</strong>ementos esenciales. Si <strong>el</strong> usuario lo <strong>de</strong>sea pue<strong>de</strong><br />

consultar los metadatos disponibles en BADEIMA.<br />

1 www.cepal.org/re<strong>de</strong>sa.<br />

2 La División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones Económicas está<br />

<strong>de</strong>sarrollando actualmente <strong>el</strong> módulo ambiental <strong>de</strong>l proyecto r<strong>el</strong>ativo<br />

a los objetivos <strong>de</strong>l Milenio. Su trabajo se orienta al fortalecimiento <strong>de</strong><br />

capacida<strong>de</strong>s técnicas para <strong>el</strong> seguimiento <strong>de</strong> los indicadores <strong>de</strong>l séptimo<br />

objetivo, así como a la <strong>el</strong>aboración <strong>de</strong> una propuesta complementaria<br />

<strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> una perspectiva regional.<br />

its implementation on training and technical assistance to<br />

countries, <strong>de</strong>v<strong>el</strong>oping a network of experts and national<br />

technical staff who shared their knowledge and socialized<br />

the best practices of more advanced countries in the fi <strong>el</strong>d.<br />

Among the main results of the project, mention should be<br />

ma<strong>de</strong> of the construction of the Database of Environmental<br />

Statistics and Indicators for Latin America and the Caribbean<br />

(BADEIMA), which is based on information sent directly<br />

by the countries, and may be consulted on the Division’s<br />

website. 1 BADEIMA was constructed using r<strong>el</strong>evant quality<br />

information and the variables it contains are the result of a<br />

process of consultation with countries and regional experts.<br />

In addition, a methodological and technical document base<br />

has been built to strengthen the process of skills <strong>de</strong>v<strong>el</strong>opment<br />

and to serve as a basis for harmonizing concepts and<br />

methodologies. 2<br />

Against the background of the increasing number of<br />

statistical activities, the Statistical Yearbook of ECLAC<br />

now, for the fi rst time, inclu<strong>de</strong>s the results of environmental<br />

statistical work in a specifi c chapter on natural resources<br />

and the environment. The chapter presents information from<br />

BADEIMA and specialized international agencies in the<br />

various areas of interest for the region in an initial effort to<br />

s<strong>el</strong>ect statistics for those subject areas that are important for<br />

the region and for which accurate information is available.<br />

Ultimat<strong>el</strong>y, it is hoped that this will be supplemented with<br />

information in other areas (water quality, waste treatment,<br />

etc.), as w<strong>el</strong>l as with information provi<strong>de</strong>d directly by<br />

countries, thanks to the progress gradually being ma<strong>de</strong> towards<br />

<strong>de</strong>v<strong>el</strong>opment of their environmental statistical systems.<br />

This chapter is structured so as to maintain consistency<br />

with the classifier of environmental statistics and<br />

indicators contained in BADEIMA. Definitions of the<br />

main concepts and variables are provi<strong>de</strong>d b<strong>el</strong>ow together<br />

with methodological information which will enable the<br />

rea<strong>de</strong>r to interpret the tables correctly. The complexity<br />

of the issues makes it impossible to give a complete<br />

<strong>de</strong>scription of each one; thus only the essential <strong>el</strong>ements<br />

are presented and the user is free to refer to the metadata<br />

provi<strong>de</strong>d in BADEIMA.<br />

1 www.cepal.org/re<strong>de</strong>sa.<br />

2 The Statistics and Economic Projections Division is currently<br />

<strong>de</strong>v<strong>el</strong>oping the environmental module of the Millenium Dev<strong>el</strong>opment<br />

Goals project; the work is being geared towards building technical<br />

capacity to monitor the indicators of indicator 7 of the Millennium<br />

Dev<strong>el</strong>opment Goals as w<strong>el</strong>l as to construct a complementary proposal<br />

from a regional perspective.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 403<br />

<br />

3.1 Bosque<br />

En esta sección se presentan estadísticas e indicadores publicados<br />

por <strong>el</strong> Departamento <strong>de</strong> Montes <strong>de</strong> la Organización <strong>de</strong> las<br />

Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación (FAO),<br />

a través <strong>de</strong>l Programa Mundial <strong>de</strong> Evaluación <strong>de</strong> los Recursos<br />

Forestales. La evaluación se publica aproximadamente cada<br />

10 años y la última actualización disponible correspon<strong>de</strong> al<br />

año 2005.<br />

La Evaluación <strong>de</strong> los Recursos Forestales se basa en<br />

información suministrada por los países y abarca información<br />

obtenida a partir <strong>de</strong> los datos <strong>de</strong> inventario existentes, así como<br />

<strong>de</strong> investigaciones sobre los procesos <strong>de</strong> cambio que se han<br />

verifi cado en la cubierta <strong>de</strong> la tierra y <strong>de</strong> una serie <strong>de</strong> estudios<br />

sobre la interacción entre la población y los bosques.<br />

Las estadísticas sobre bosques tienen un interés fundamental<br />

para evaluar la situación <strong>de</strong> los recursos naturales y <strong>de</strong>l medio<br />

ambiente, <strong>de</strong>bido a la importancia <strong>de</strong> las funciones ecológicas<br />

y los servicios ambientales que brindan estos ecosistemas.<br />

Asimismo, los bosques proporcionan una amplia gama <strong>de</strong><br />

bienes esenciales, como ma<strong>de</strong>ra, alimentos, medicinas y<br />

recreación. Por en<strong>de</strong>, conocer su estado y evolución reciente<br />

es esencial para una gestión sostenible.<br />

En esta sección se incluye la proporción <strong>de</strong> la superfi cie<br />

cubierta por bosques, que correspon<strong>de</strong> al indicador 25 <strong>de</strong>l<br />

séptimo objetivo <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sarrollo <strong>de</strong>l Milenio.<br />

Bosque. Tierra que se extien<strong>de</strong> por más <strong>de</strong> 0,5 hectáreas,<br />

dotada <strong>de</strong> árboles <strong>de</strong> una altura superior a 5 m y una cubierta<br />

<strong>de</strong> copas superior al 10%, o <strong>de</strong> árboles capaces <strong>de</strong> alcanzar<br />

esta altura in situ. Compren<strong>de</strong> los bosques naturales y las<br />

plantaciones forestales, así como los bosques utilizados<br />

fundamentalmente con fi nes <strong>de</strong> producción, protección,<br />

conservación o usos múltiples. No incluye la tierra sometida<br />

a un uso predominantemente agrícola o urbano.<br />

Bosque natural. Los bosques naturales son bosques<br />

compuestos por especies indígenas (nativas) no plantadas por<br />

<strong>el</strong> ser humano. En otras palabras, excluyen las plantaciones<br />

forestales. La información correspondiente a los años<br />

1990 y 2000 sobre la superfi cie <strong>de</strong> bosque natural resulta<br />

<strong>de</strong> la diferencia entre la superfi cie total <strong>de</strong> bosque y la <strong>de</strong><br />

plantaciones forestales, mientras que la información <strong>de</strong>l año<br />

2005 proviene directamente <strong>de</strong> FAO.<br />

Plantaciones. Bosques <strong>de</strong> especies introducidas, y en algunos<br />

casos <strong>de</strong> especies indígenas, establecidos mediante plantación,<br />

siembra o ambos, en un proceso <strong>de</strong> forestación o reforestación<br />

orientado principalmente a la producción <strong>de</strong> ma<strong>de</strong>ra, bienes no<br />

ma<strong>de</strong>reros o al suministro <strong>de</strong> servicios ambientales.<br />

3.1 Forests<br />

This section presents statistics and indicators published<br />

by the Forestry Department of the Food and Agriculture<br />

Organization of the United Nations (FAO) through its<br />

Global Forest Resources Assessment programme, published<br />

approximat<strong>el</strong>y every 10 years, the most recent update having<br />

come out in 2005.<br />

The Global Forest Resources Assessment is based on<br />

information supplied by the countries and inclu<strong>de</strong>s information<br />

obtained from data r<strong>el</strong>ating to existing inventories, as w<strong>el</strong>l<br />

as from research on the processes of change that have<br />

occurred in land coverage and through a series of studies<br />

on the interaction between population and forests.<br />

Forest statistics are crucial for assessing the natural<br />

resource and environmental situation, in view of the<br />

importance of the ecological functions and environmental<br />

services that these ecosystems provi<strong>de</strong>. Moreover, they<br />

provi<strong>de</strong> a wi<strong>de</strong> range of essential goods, such as wood,<br />

food, medicines and recreation. Thus, knowing their current<br />

status and recent trends is an essential part of sustainable<br />

management.<br />

This section inclu<strong>de</strong>s the proportion of the area covered<br />

by forest, which corresponds to indicator 25 of goal 7 of the<br />

Millennium Dev<strong>el</strong>opment Goals.<br />

Forest. Land spanning more than 0.5 hectares with<br />

trees higher than 5 meters and a canopy cover of more than<br />

10 percent, or trees able to reach these thresholds in situ. It<br />

inclu<strong>de</strong>s natural and planted forests as w<strong>el</strong>l as forests used<br />

basically for production, protection, conservation or multiple<br />

purposes. It does not inclu<strong>de</strong> land that is predominantly un<strong>de</strong>r<br />

agricultural or urban land use.<br />

Natural forest. Natural forests are forests consisting<br />

of native species that were not planted by human beings.<br />

In other words, they exclu<strong>de</strong> planted forests. Information<br />

presented for the years 1990 and 2000 on the area of natural<br />

forests was obtained by subtracting the area of planted forests<br />

from total forest area, while the information for 2005 was<br />

obtained directly from FAO.<br />

Plantations. Forests of introduced species and in some<br />

cases indigenous species, established by plantation and/or<br />

sowing during the process of afforestation or reforestation,<br />

mainly for the production of wood, non-wood products or<br />

for the supply of environmental services.


404 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

En <strong>el</strong> caso <strong>de</strong> estos conceptos se ha calculado la variación<br />

acumulada, es <strong>de</strong>cir la proporción en que se ha modifi cado<br />

su superfi cie en un período <strong>de</strong> tiempo <strong>de</strong>terminado, y su<br />

variación media anual, que correspon<strong>de</strong> a la variación <strong>de</strong>l<br />

período dividida por <strong>el</strong> número <strong>de</strong> años comprendidos. Es<br />

importante notar que no se trata <strong>de</strong> la variación efectiva año<br />

tras año, sino <strong>de</strong> una tasa media anual.<br />

Asimismo, se ha calculado la cobertura <strong>de</strong> cada una <strong>de</strong><br />

las variables respecto <strong>de</strong> la superfi cie total <strong>de</strong> bosque y la<br />

superfi cie territorial <strong>de</strong>l país.<br />

<br />

3.2 Uso <strong>de</strong> la tierra<br />

Las series estadísticas y los indicadores presentados en esta<br />

sección provienen <strong>de</strong> la base <strong>de</strong> datos <strong>estadístico</strong>s en línea<br />

FAOSTAT, <strong>de</strong> la Organización <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas para<br />

la Agricultura y la Alimentación.<br />

Entre los aspectos más r<strong>el</strong>evantes <strong>de</strong>rivados <strong>de</strong> este<br />

indicador fi guran la interacción <strong>de</strong> las activida<strong>de</strong>s humanas<br />

que se <strong>de</strong>sarrollan en esta área y <strong>el</strong> cambio en <strong>el</strong> uso <strong>de</strong><br />

la tierra a lo largo <strong>de</strong> los años, tanto a raíz <strong>de</strong> fenómenos<br />

antrópicos como naturales. Por otra parte, aunque <strong>el</strong> uso<br />

<strong>de</strong> plaguicidas y <strong>de</strong> fertilizantes en las técnicas agrícolas<br />

mo<strong>de</strong>rnas es fundamental para aumentar la producción,<br />

es necesario tener en cuenta que su aplicación conduce a<br />

una mayor contaminación química <strong>de</strong>l su<strong>el</strong>o, <strong>el</strong> agua y la<br />

biota, lo que causa efectos secundarios en la estabilidad <strong>de</strong><br />

los ecosistemas y los mecanismos <strong>de</strong> control natural <strong>de</strong> las<br />

enfermeda<strong>de</strong>s y <strong>de</strong> las infecciones por insectos.<br />

Es importante <strong>de</strong>stacar que las variables más cercanas a<br />

lo económico, como la superfi cie cosechada presentan series<br />

más pobladas que las variables puramente ambientales, dada<br />

la importancia <strong>de</strong>l sector agrícola en la economía.<br />

Los valores <strong>de</strong> las variables <strong>de</strong> superfi cie <strong>de</strong> tierras<br />

arables, con cultivos permanentes, y <strong>de</strong> pra<strong>de</strong>ras y pastos<br />

permanentes se obtienen, por lo general, <strong>de</strong> levantamientos<br />

censales agrícolas, encuestas y estudios, y <strong>de</strong> la interpretación<br />

digital <strong>de</strong> imágenes sat<strong>el</strong>itales.<br />

Superfi cie total <strong>de</strong>l país. Incluye las superfi cies ocupadas<br />

por las masas <strong>de</strong> agua interiores (principales ríos y lagos) y<br />

la superfi cie terrestre total <strong>de</strong> un país.<br />

Superfi cie terrestre. Superfi cie total <strong>de</strong> las tierras <strong>de</strong>l<br />

país, con exclusión <strong>de</strong> las superfi cies ocupadas por las masas<br />

<strong>de</strong> agua interiores (principales ríos y lagos).<br />

Superfi cie agrícola. Superfi cie <strong>de</strong> tierras arables, <strong>de</strong><br />

tierras <strong>de</strong>stinadas a cultivos permanentes y <strong>de</strong> pra<strong>de</strong>ras y<br />

pastos permanentes.<br />

The cumulative change of the above categories has<br />

been calculated, that is, the extent to which their area has<br />

been modifi ed over a given period and their annual average<br />

variation, which corresponds to the variation during the<br />

period, divi<strong>de</strong>d by the number of years inclu<strong>de</strong>d. It should<br />

be noted that it is not a matter of actual year-on-year change<br />

but of an annual average rate.<br />

In addition, the cover has been calculated for each of the<br />

variables, consi<strong>de</strong>ring as the <strong>de</strong>nominator the total woo<strong>de</strong>d<br />

area and the land area of the country.<br />

3.2 Land use<br />

The statistical series and indicators presented in this<br />

section come from the online Statistical Database of the<br />

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations<br />

(FAOSTAT).<br />

The most important aspects of this indicator are the<br />

interaction of human activities which are <strong>de</strong>v<strong>el</strong>oped in<br />

this area and the changes in land use that occur over the<br />

years as a result of both anthropogenic and natural factors.<br />

In addition, while the use of pestici<strong>de</strong>s and fertilizers in<br />

mo<strong>de</strong>rn agricultural techniques is fundamental for increasing<br />

agricultural production, it must be borne in mind that their<br />

application leads to greater chemical contamination of the<br />

soil, water and biota, with secondary effects on the stability<br />

of ecosystems and the mechanisms for natural control of<br />

disease and infection by insects.<br />

It is important to note that those variables that are akin to<br />

economic factors, such as the area un<strong>de</strong>r cultivation, present more<br />

complete series than the pur<strong>el</strong>y environmental variables, given<br />

the importance of the agricultural sector in the economy.<br />

The fi gures for variables r<strong>el</strong>ating to the area of arable<br />

land, area un<strong>de</strong>r permanent cultivation and permanent pastures<br />

and grasslands are generally obtained through agricultural<br />

censuses, surveys and studies and through digital interpretation<br />

of sat<strong>el</strong>lite images.<br />

Total area of the country. Inclu<strong>de</strong>s area un<strong>de</strong>r inland<br />

water bodies (major rivers and lakes) as w<strong>el</strong>l as total<br />

land area.<br />

Land area. Total area of the land of a country, excluding<br />

area un<strong>de</strong>r inland water bodies (major rivers and lakes).<br />

Agricultural area. Area of arable land, area used for<br />

permanent crops and area un<strong>de</strong>r permanent pasture.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 405<br />

Superfi cie <strong>de</strong> tierras arables. Compren<strong>de</strong> las tierras<br />

<strong>de</strong>stinadas a cultivos temporales (las que producen dos<br />

cosechas se toman en cuenta solo una vez), las pra<strong>de</strong>ras<br />

temporales para corte o pastoreo, las tierras <strong>de</strong>dicadas a<br />

huertas comerciales o huertos y las tierras temporalmente<br />

en barbecho por menos <strong>de</strong> 5 años. No se incluye la tierra<br />

abandonada como resultado <strong>de</strong>l cultivo migratorio.<br />

Superfi cie <strong>de</strong> tierras <strong>de</strong>stinadas a cultivos permanentes.<br />

Se refi ere a las tierras <strong>de</strong>dicadas a cultivos que ocupan <strong>el</strong><br />

terreno durante largos períodos y no necesitan ser replantados<br />

<strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> cada cosecha, como <strong>el</strong> cacao, <strong>el</strong> café y <strong>el</strong> caucho.<br />

Esta categoría incluye las tierras ocupadas por arbustos<br />

<strong>de</strong>stinados a la producción <strong>de</strong> fl ores, árboles frutales, nogales<br />

y vi<strong>de</strong>s, e excluye las tierras plantadas con árboles <strong>de</strong>stinados<br />

a la producción <strong>de</strong> leña o ma<strong>de</strong>ra.<br />

Superfi cie <strong>de</strong> pra<strong>de</strong>ras y pastos permanentes. Terrenos<br />

utilizados permanentemente (por cinco o más años) para<br />

forrajes herbáceos, ya sean cultivados o silvestres (pra<strong>de</strong>ras<br />

o tierras <strong>de</strong> pastoreo silvestres).<br />

Superfi cie regada. Se refi ere a las superfi cies equipadas<br />

con infraestructura hidráulica para abastecer <strong>de</strong> agua a los<br />

cultivos. Estas compren<strong>de</strong>n las áreas con control parcial<br />

o total <strong>de</strong> la distribución <strong>de</strong>l agua, las superfi cies regadas<br />

por <strong>de</strong>rivación <strong>de</strong> crecidas y las zonas bajas o inundables<br />

don<strong>de</strong> se controla <strong>el</strong> agua disponible. Cabe señalar que las<br />

<strong>de</strong>fi niciones <strong>de</strong> riego varían <strong>de</strong> un país a otro.<br />

Las cifras sobre consumo <strong>de</strong> fertilizantes y plaguicidas<br />

se refi eren al consumo nacional, que se obtiene <strong>de</strong> registros<br />

administrativos o estimaciones. En la mayoría <strong>de</strong> los casos, se<br />

utiliza <strong>el</strong> consumo aparente, es <strong>de</strong>cir, la producción nacional más<br />

las importaciones menos las exportaciones, que correspon<strong>de</strong><br />

a un valor aproximado al efectivamente consumido.<br />

Fertilizantes. Sustancias orgánicas e inorgánicas cuyos<br />

<strong>el</strong>ementos químicos permiten estimular <strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong>sarrollo <strong>de</strong> las<br />

plantas y mejorar la fertilidad <strong>de</strong>l su<strong>el</strong>o. El porcentaje <strong>de</strong><br />

nutrientes <strong>de</strong> los fertilizantes orgánicos es r<strong>el</strong>ativamente bajo.<br />

Los nutrientes <strong>de</strong> los fertilizantes inorgánicos o minerales son<br />

sales inorgánicas, obtenidas por extracción, procesos físicos<br />

y químicos o ambos. Los tres nutrientes principales <strong>de</strong> las<br />

plantas son <strong>el</strong> nitrógeno, <strong>el</strong> fósforo y <strong>el</strong> potasio. El consumo <strong>de</strong><br />

fertilizantes se calcula sumando los volúmenes <strong>de</strong> fertilizantes<br />

nitrogenados, fosfatados y potásicos, expresados en términos<br />

<strong>de</strong> nutrientes vegetales (N, P O y K O), en ton<strong>el</strong>adas métricas<br />

2 5 2<br />

<strong>de</strong> nutrientes <strong>de</strong> plantas consumidas por los países. El período<br />

<strong>de</strong> referencia para <strong>el</strong> consumo <strong>de</strong> fertilizantes es <strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong> la<br />

campaña agrícola, es <strong>de</strong>cir, <strong>de</strong> julio a junio.<br />

Plaguicidas. Cualquier sustancia o mezcla <strong>de</strong> sustancias<br />

<strong>de</strong>stinada a prevenir, <strong>de</strong>struir o controlar cualquier plaga<br />

—incluidos los vectores <strong>de</strong> enfermeda<strong>de</strong>s humanas o <strong>de</strong> los<br />

animales, y las especies vegetales o animales in<strong>de</strong>seables<br />

Area of arable lands. Comprises the land un<strong>de</strong>r<br />

temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted only<br />

once), temporary meadows for mowing or pasture, land un<strong>de</strong>r<br />

market or kitchen gar<strong>de</strong>ns and lands temporarily fallow (less<br />

than fi ve years). The abandoned land resulting from shifting<br />

cultivation is not inclu<strong>de</strong>d in this category.<br />

Area of land used for permanent crops. This refers to<br />

the land used for crops that occupy the land for long periods<br />

and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa,<br />

coffee and rubber. This category inclu<strong>de</strong>s land un<strong>de</strong>r fl owering<br />

shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees and vines, but exclu<strong>de</strong>s land<br />

un<strong>de</strong>r trees grown for wood or timber.<br />

Area un<strong>de</strong>r meadows and permanent pasture. Land<br />

used permanently (fi ve years or more) for herbaceous forage<br />

crops, either cultivated or growing wild (wild prairies or<br />

grazing land).<br />

Irrigated area. Data on irrigation r<strong>el</strong>ate to areas equipped<br />

to provi<strong>de</strong> water to the crops. These inclu<strong>de</strong> areas equipped<br />

for full and partial control irrigation, spate irrigation areas,<br />

and equipped low or fl oodprone areas. Note that <strong>de</strong>fi nitions<br />

of irrigation vary from one country to the next.<br />

The fi gures r<strong>el</strong>ating to the consumption of fertilizers and<br />

pestici<strong>de</strong>s refer to national consumption, which is obtained<br />

from administrative records or estimates. In most cases,<br />

apparent consumption is used, that is, national production<br />

plus imports minus exports, which corresponds to a value<br />

close to the actual consumption lev<strong>el</strong>.<br />

Fertilizers. These are organic and inorganic substances<br />

whose chemicals stimulate plant <strong>de</strong>v<strong>el</strong>opment and improve<br />

soil fertility. The percentage of nutrients present in organic<br />

fertilizers is r<strong>el</strong>ativ<strong>el</strong>y low. Nutrients from inorganic or<br />

mineral fertilizers are inorganic salts obtained by extraction<br />

and/or through physical and chemical processes. The<br />

three main nutrients of plants are nitrogen, phosporus and<br />

potassium. The consumption of fertilizers is obtained by<br />

adding the volumes of nitrate, phosphate and potassium<br />

fertilizers, expressed in terms of vegetable nutrients (N,<br />

P 2 O 5 and K 2 O), in metric tons of plant nutrients consumed<br />

by countries. The reference period for the consumption of<br />

fertilizers is that of the cropping year, that is, from July<br />

to June.<br />

Pestici<strong>de</strong>s. Any substance or mixture of substances<br />

<strong>de</strong>signed to prevent, <strong>de</strong>stroy or control any pest, including<br />

vectors of human or animal diseases, un<strong>de</strong>sirable plant or<br />

animal species that harm, or interfere in any way in, the


406 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

que causan perjuicio o que interfi eren <strong>de</strong> cualquier forma<br />

en la producción, <strong>el</strong>aboración, almacenamiento, transporte o<br />

comercialización <strong>de</strong> alimentos, productos agrícolas, ma<strong>de</strong>ra<br />

y productos <strong>de</strong> ma<strong>de</strong>ra o alimentos para animales— o que<br />

pue<strong>de</strong>n administrarse a los animales para combatir insectos,<br />

arácnidos u otras plagas en o sobre sus cuerpos. Incluyen<br />

sustancias <strong>de</strong>stinadas a utilizarse como reguladoras <strong>de</strong>l<br />

crecimiento <strong>de</strong> plantas, <strong>de</strong>foliantes, <strong>de</strong>secantes, agentes<br />

para reducir la <strong>de</strong>nsidad <strong>de</strong> la fruta o para evitar su caída<br />

prematura y las sustancias aplicadas a los cultivos antes o<br />

<strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> la cosecha para proteger <strong>el</strong> producto contra <strong>el</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong>terioro durante <strong>el</strong> almacenamiento y transporte.<br />

En los cuadros <strong>de</strong> fertilizantes y plaguicidas se calculó<br />

un índice <strong>de</strong> consumo —empleando como año base <strong>el</strong> primero<br />

sobre <strong>el</strong> que se cuenta con información— que permite al<br />

lector observar la evolución <strong>de</strong>l consumo a lo largo <strong>de</strong> la<br />

serie. Sin embargo, su interpretación <strong>de</strong>be realizarse con<br />

caut<strong>el</strong>a dada la discontinuidad <strong>de</strong> la serie.<br />

<br />

3.3 Mares y bor<strong>de</strong> costero<br />

La información <strong>de</strong> esta sección proviene <strong>de</strong> la Base <strong>de</strong><br />

Datos <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas e Indicadores <strong>de</strong>l Medio Ambiente<br />

(BADEIMA) <strong>de</strong> la División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones<br />

Económicas <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL, en la que se sistematizan series<br />

estadísticas proporcionadas directamente por los países.<br />

Extracción <strong>de</strong> las principales pesquerías. Esta variable<br />

se <strong>de</strong>sglosa en <strong>el</strong> volumen total <strong>de</strong> la extracción y captura <strong>de</strong><br />

peces, moluscos, crustáceos y otros organismos acuáticos en<br />

su estado natural. De la ten<strong>de</strong>ncia que muestran estas series se<br />

<strong>de</strong>spren<strong>de</strong> sobre la necesidad <strong>de</strong> establecer sistemas <strong>de</strong> explotación<br />

sostenibles y normas que impidan la captura excesiva.<br />

En general, las cifras <strong>de</strong> esta variable se obtienen <strong>de</strong><br />

censos <strong>de</strong> pescadores, encuestas especializadas y registros<br />

administrativos <strong>de</strong> las <strong>de</strong>claraciones <strong>de</strong> captura <strong>de</strong> las<br />

embarcaciones en las estaciones pesqueras.<br />

Embarcaciones <strong>de</strong>dicadas a la pesca. El número <strong>de</strong><br />

embarcaciones <strong>de</strong>dicadas a la pesca permite una perspectiva<br />

más completa <strong>de</strong> uno <strong>de</strong> los principales factores que infl uyen<br />

en la sostenibilidad <strong>de</strong> la biomasa pesquera. A menudo esta<br />

variable se utiliza como un indicador <strong>de</strong> esfuerzo pesquero,<br />

<strong>de</strong> modo que su rápido aumento podría traer aparejado un<br />

agotamiento <strong>de</strong> las biomasas.<br />

production, preparation, storage, transport or marketing<br />

of food products, agricultural products, wood and wood<br />

products or animal feed or which can be administered to<br />

animals to combat insects, arachnids or other pests in or on<br />

their bodies. Inclu<strong>de</strong>s substances inten<strong>de</strong>d for use as plant<br />

growth regulators, nam<strong>el</strong>y, <strong>de</strong>foliants, <strong>de</strong>ssicants, agents<br />

<strong>de</strong>signed to reduce fruit <strong>de</strong>nsity or agents <strong>de</strong>signed to avert<br />

premature fall of fruit, and substances applied to crops before<br />

or after harvest to protect the product against <strong>de</strong>terioration<br />

during storage and transport.<br />

For the fertilizer and pestici<strong>de</strong> tables, a consumption<br />

in<strong>de</strong>x has been calculated using as base the fi rst year for<br />

which information was available and which enables the<br />

rea<strong>de</strong>r to observe consumption trends throughout the series.<br />

However, caution should be exercised in interpreting these<br />

data owing to the discontinuity of the series.<br />

3.3 Seas and coastal areas<br />

The information in this section comes from the Database of<br />

Environmental Statistics and Indicators for Latin America and<br />

the Caribbean (BADEIMA) of the Statistics and Economic<br />

Projections Division of ECLAC, which systematizes statistical<br />

series provi<strong>de</strong>d directly by the countries.<br />

Extraction of the main fi sheries. This variable is broken<br />

down into the total volume of extraction and catch of fi sh,<br />

molluscs, crustaceans and other aquatic organisms in their<br />

natural state. The trend shown in these series points to<br />

the need to establish sustainable exploitation systems and<br />

standards that prevent overfi shing.<br />

In general, the fi gures for this variable are obtained<br />

through fi shery censuses, specialized surveys and administrative<br />

records coming from the catches <strong>de</strong>clared by fi shing vess<strong>el</strong>s<br />

at fi shing stations.<br />

Number of vess<strong>el</strong>s used for fi shing. The number of<br />

vess<strong>el</strong>s used for fi shing gives a more comprehensive vision<br />

of one of the main factors that affect the sustainability of<br />

the fi sh biomass. This variable is often used as an indicator<br />

of fi shing effort, which, by increasing rapidly, could cause<br />

<strong>de</strong>pletion of the fi sh biomass.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 407<br />

Los datos correspondientes a esta variable se <strong>de</strong>rivan <strong>de</strong><br />

censos y estudios específi cos, o <strong>de</strong> estimaciones realizadas<br />

sobre la base <strong>de</strong> estos.<br />

Volumen <strong>de</strong> la producción acuícola. La acuicultura es<br />

la cría y cultivo <strong>de</strong> los organismos acuáticos, ya sean peces,<br />

moluscos, crustáceos o plantas acuáticas. El cultivo supone<br />

algún tipo <strong>de</strong> intervención en <strong>el</strong> proceso para incrementar<br />

la producción —entre otros <strong>el</strong> almacenamiento regular, la<br />

alimentación y la protección contra los <strong>de</strong>predadores— y<br />

la propiedad individual o colectiva <strong>de</strong>l stock explotado. El<br />

volumen <strong>de</strong> la producción acuícola total cubre la acuicultura<br />

<strong>de</strong> agua dulce y la acuicultura marina.<br />

Se consi<strong>de</strong>ra <strong>el</strong> volumen en peso vivo, es <strong>de</strong>cir, <strong>el</strong><br />

peso nominal <strong>de</strong> los organismos acuáticos en <strong>el</strong> momento<br />

<strong>de</strong> la captura. Esta información se obtiene, por lo general,<br />

<strong>de</strong> registros administrativos <strong>de</strong> producción, inventarios y<br />

estimaciones.<br />

<br />

3.4 Áreas protegidas<br />

La información sobre áreas marinas protegidas proviene <strong>de</strong>l<br />

portal <strong>de</strong> información ambiental Earth Trends <strong>de</strong>l Instituto<br />

<strong>de</strong> Recursos Mundiales (WRI), mientras que en <strong>el</strong> caso <strong>de</strong><br />

las áreas protegidas en general se utilizó la Base <strong>de</strong> Datos <strong>de</strong><br />

Estadísticas e Indicadores <strong>de</strong>l Medio Ambiente (BADEIMA)<br />

<strong>de</strong> la División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones Económicas<br />

<strong>de</strong> la CEPAL, en la que se sistematizan las estadísticas<br />

proporcionadas directamente por los países.<br />

Las variables consi<strong>de</strong>radas en esta categoría permiten<br />

dimensionar la superfi cie terrestre y marítima <strong>de</strong>stinada a la<br />

protección y <strong>el</strong> mantenimiento <strong>de</strong> la diversidad biológica, los<br />

recursos naturales y los recursos culturales asociados. Asimismo,<br />

permiten evaluar los progresos alcanzados respecto <strong>de</strong> las metas<br />

y recomendaciones sobre la conservación <strong>de</strong> los ecosistemas<br />

formuladas en la Estrategia Mundial para la Conservación.<br />

En esta sección se incluye la proporción <strong>de</strong> áreas<br />

protegidas con respecto a la superfi cie total <strong>de</strong>l país, que<br />

correspon<strong>de</strong> al indicador 26 <strong>de</strong>l séptimo objetivo <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sarrollo<br />

<strong>de</strong>l Milenio.<br />

Área protegida. Se refi ere al área terrestre o marina<br />

especialmente <strong>de</strong>dicada a la protección y mantenimiento <strong>de</strong> la<br />

diversidad biológica, así como <strong>de</strong> los recursos naturales y culturales<br />

asociados, manejadas <strong>de</strong> acuerdo con criterios legales u otro medio<br />

efi caz. Todas las áreas protegidas consi<strong>de</strong>radas correspon<strong>de</strong>n a<br />

algunas <strong>de</strong> las siguientes seis categorías <strong>de</strong>fi nidas por la Unión<br />

Internacional para la Conservación <strong>de</strong> la Naturaleza y <strong>de</strong> los<br />

Recursos Naturales (UICN), según sus objetivos <strong>de</strong> manejo:<br />

The data for this variable are obtained through specifi c<br />

censuses and studies or from estimates based on these censuses<br />

and studies.<br />

Volume of aquacultural production. Aquaculture is<br />

the breeding and farming of aquatic organisms, either fi sh,<br />

molluscs, crustaceans or aquatic plants. Farming implies<br />

some type of intervention in the process in or<strong>de</strong>r to increase<br />

production; for example: regular storage, feeding, protection<br />

against predators, etc. Farming also implies individual or<br />

collective ownership of the exploited stock. In addition, the<br />

volume of total aquacultural production covers both fresh<br />

water aquaculture and marine aquaculture.<br />

The volume of live fi sh, that is the nominal weight of<br />

aquatic organisms, is noted at the time of capture. In general,<br />

this information is obtained from administrative production<br />

records, inventories and also from estimates.<br />

3.4 Protected areas<br />

The information on protected marine areas comes from the<br />

Environmental Information Portal of the World Resources<br />

Institute (WRI), while that on protected areas as a whole<br />

comes from the Database of Environmental Statistics<br />

and Indicators for Latin America and the Caribbean<br />

(BADEIMA) of the ECLAC Statistics and Economic<br />

Projections Division, which systematizes the statistics<br />

provi<strong>de</strong>d directly by countries.<br />

The variables consi<strong>de</strong>red in this category make it<br />

possible to measure the area of land and sea <strong>de</strong>dicated to the<br />

protection and maintenance of biological diversity, of natural<br />

resources and associated cultural resources. It is also possible<br />

to assess the progress achieved with respect to the goals<br />

and recommendations on the conservation of ecosystems,<br />

formulated in the global conservation strategy.<br />

This section inclu<strong>de</strong>s the proportion of the area of<br />

protected areas in r<strong>el</strong>ation to the total area of the country,<br />

which corresponds to indicator 26 of Goal 7 of the Millennium<br />

Dev<strong>el</strong>opment Goals.<br />

Protected area. An area of land and/or sea especially<br />

<strong>de</strong>dicated to the protection and maintenance of biological<br />

diversity, and of natural and associated cultural resources,<br />

and managed through legal or other effective means.<br />

All protected areas consi<strong>de</strong>red correspond to some of<br />

the following six categories <strong>de</strong>fi ned by the International<br />

Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources<br />

(IUCN), based on its management objectives:


408 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

I. Reservas naturales estrictas/áreas naturales silvestres:<br />

protección con fi nes científi cos o para la conservación<br />

<strong>de</strong> la naturaleza.<br />

II. Parques nacionales: protección <strong>de</strong> ecosistemas y fi nes<br />

<strong>de</strong> recreación.<br />

III. Monumentos naturales: conservación <strong>de</strong> características<br />

naturales específi cas.<br />

IV. Áreas <strong>de</strong> manejo <strong>de</strong> hábitat y especies: conservación<br />

con intervención en la gestión.<br />

V. Paisajes terrestres y marinos protegidos: conservación<br />

<strong>de</strong> paisajes terrestres y marinos y fi nes recreativos.<br />

VI. Áreas protegidas con manejo <strong>de</strong> recursos: uso sostenible<br />

<strong>de</strong> los ecosistemas naturales.<br />

Dicha información se obtiene <strong>de</strong> registros administrativos,<br />

sumando los <strong>de</strong> territorios <strong>de</strong>clarados ofi cialmente áreas<br />

protegidas, en sus diversas topologías según <strong>el</strong> país. Es<br />

importante consi<strong>de</strong>rar que en algunos casos las cifras se<br />

corrigen mediante procedimientos tecnológicos <strong>de</strong> mayor<br />

efi ciencia y complejidad, como sistemas <strong>de</strong> información<br />

geográfi ca y mapas <strong>de</strong> cobertura.<br />

La proporción <strong>de</strong> áreas protegidas se calculó como <strong>el</strong><br />

cociente entre la superfi cie <strong>de</strong> áreas protegidas y la superfi cie<br />

total <strong>de</strong>l país.<br />

Áreas marinas protegidas. Correspon<strong>de</strong> a cualquier área<br />

intermareal o submareal, junto con las aguas que la bañan,<br />

la fl ora y fauna asociadas y sus características históricas y<br />

culturales, que haya sido <strong>de</strong>signada por ley u otro instrumento<br />

efi caz para proteger parcial o totalmente <strong>el</strong> medio que alberga.<br />

Todas las áreas consi<strong>de</strong>radas correspon<strong>de</strong>n a alguna <strong>de</strong> las<br />

seis categorías <strong>de</strong>fi nidas por la UICN.<br />

En general esta variable se obtiene <strong>de</strong> registros<br />

administrativos, sumando los territorios marinos y litorales<br />

ofi cialmente <strong>de</strong>clarados como áreas marinas protegidas, en<br />

sus diversas topologías.<br />

<br />

3.5 Energía<br />

En esta sección se incluye información proveniente <strong>de</strong> la<br />

Organización Latinoamericana <strong>de</strong> Energía (OLADE) y <strong>de</strong> la<br />

Base <strong>de</strong> Datos <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas e Indicadores <strong>de</strong>l Medio Ambiente<br />

(BADEIMA) <strong>de</strong> la División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones<br />

Económicas <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL. Para <strong>el</strong> cálculo <strong>de</strong> algunos<br />

indicadores se utilizó información <strong>de</strong>l Centro Latinoamericano<br />

y Caribeño <strong>de</strong> Demografía (CELADE) - División <strong>de</strong> Población<br />

<strong>de</strong> la CEPAL y <strong>de</strong> la División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones<br />

Económicas <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL.<br />

I. Strict nature reserve/wil<strong>de</strong>rness area: protected area for<br />

science and wil<strong>de</strong>rness protection.<br />

II. National parks: ecosystem protection and recreation.<br />

III. Natural monuments: conservation of specifi c natural<br />

features.<br />

IV. Habitat/species management area: conservation through<br />

management intervention.<br />

V. Protected landscape/seascape: landscape/seascape<br />

conservation and recreation.<br />

VI. Managed resource protected area: sustainable use of<br />

natural ecosystems.<br />

This information is obtained from administrative<br />

records listing the number of territories offi cially <strong>de</strong>clared<br />

as protected areas, in their diverse topology, <strong>de</strong>pending on<br />

the country. It should be borne in mind that in some cases<br />

the fi gures are adjusted using more effi cient and complex<br />

technological procedures, such as geographical information<br />

systems and cover maps.<br />

The proportion of protected areas was calculated as<br />

the area of protected areas divi<strong>de</strong>d by the total area of the<br />

country.<br />

Marine protected areas. Refers to any area of intertidal<br />

or subtidal terrain, together with its overlying water and<br />

associated fl ora, fauna, historical and cultural features,<br />

which has been reserved by law or other effective means<br />

to protect part or all of the enclosed environment. All areas<br />

consi<strong>de</strong>red correspond to one of the six categories <strong>de</strong>fi ned<br />

by UICN.<br />

This variable is generally obtained through administrative<br />

records, listing the number of marine and coastal territories<br />

that are offi cially <strong>de</strong>signated as marine protected areas in<br />

their various typologies.<br />

3.5 Energy<br />

This section inclu<strong>de</strong>s information from the Latin American<br />

Energy Organization (OLADE) and the Database of<br />

Environmental Statistics and Indicators for Latin America<br />

and the Caribbean (BADEIMA) of the ECLAC Statistics<br />

and Economic Projections Division. Some indicators were<br />

based on information from the Latin America and Caribbean<br />

Demographic Centre (CELADE) - Population Division<br />

of ECLAC and the Statistics and Economic Projections<br />

Division.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 409<br />

En esta sección se registra un indicador <strong>de</strong> intensidad<br />

energética <strong>de</strong>l producto interno bruto, que correspon<strong>de</strong> al<br />

indicador 27 <strong>de</strong>l séptimo objetivo <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sarrollo <strong>de</strong>l Milenio.<br />

Por lo general, las estadísticas <strong>de</strong> energía se presentan,<br />

para su mayor comprensión y difusión, en <strong>el</strong> marco <strong>de</strong>l balance<br />

energético en <strong>el</strong> que, al igual que en un balance fi nanciero,<br />

consi<strong>de</strong>ra un grupo <strong>de</strong> fuentes (ingresos) cuya suma es igual<br />

al total <strong>de</strong> los distintos usos (gastos). En este caso, se trata <strong>de</strong><br />

productos energéticos, medidos en unida<strong>de</strong>s físicas, energéticas<br />

(capacidad para producir energía) o ambas. En <strong>el</strong> contexto <strong>de</strong><br />

los balances energéticos, se s<strong>el</strong>eccionaron algunos indicadores<br />

clave como los que se mencionan a continuación.<br />

Producción <strong>de</strong> energía primaria. Se refi ere a la producción<br />

<strong>de</strong> productos o fuentes energéticas que se encuentran en<br />

su estado natural, por ejemplo, leña, gas natural, bagazo,<br />

e hidro<strong>el</strong>ectricidad. Asimismo, se refi ere a la cantidad <strong>de</strong><br />

combustible extraído o producido, calculado <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong><br />

cualquier operación <strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong>iminación <strong>de</strong> material inerte.<br />

Generalmente, se incluye la energía consumida en <strong>el</strong> proceso<br />

<strong>de</strong> producción, así como la oferta a otros productores <strong>de</strong><br />

energía para transformación u otros usos.<br />

Producción <strong>de</strong> energía secundaria. Correspon<strong>de</strong> a<br />

aqu<strong>el</strong>los productos o fuentes energéticas que son <strong>el</strong> resultado<br />

<strong>de</strong> la transformación <strong>de</strong> productos energéticos primarios<br />

como los <strong>de</strong>rivados <strong>de</strong>l refi namiento y procesamiento <strong>de</strong>l<br />

petróleo (queroseno y dies<strong>el</strong>, entre otros).<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> energía primaria. Correspon<strong>de</strong> a la<br />

producción más las importaciones menos las exportaciones<br />

más los cambios en las reservas y menos las pérdidas por<br />

distribución <strong>de</strong> todos los productos energéticos primarios.<br />

En los cuadros se presenta información sobre tres<br />

productos energéticos:<br />

Leña: Se entien<strong>de</strong> que abarca a toda la ma<strong>de</strong>ra sin <strong>el</strong>aborar<br />

usada como combustible. Los datos <strong>de</strong> producción incluyen<br />

la parte utilizada para la producción <strong>de</strong> carbón <strong>de</strong> leña.<br />

Gas natural: Consiste en una mezcla <strong>de</strong> compuestos <strong>de</strong><br />

hidrocarburos, con pequeñas cantida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> sustancias que<br />

no son hidrocarburos, que existen en fase gaseosa, disu<strong>el</strong>tos<br />

en petróleo y en yacimientos subterráneos naturales.<br />

Bagazo: Es <strong>el</strong> residuo c<strong>el</strong>ulósico <strong>de</strong> la extracción <strong>de</strong>l<br />

azúcar <strong>de</strong> la caña <strong>de</strong> azúcar. Se usa frecuentemente como<br />

combustible en los propios ingenios azucareros.<br />

Cabe recordar que <strong>el</strong> consumo <strong>de</strong> energía primaria total<br />

incluye más productos que los registrados en <strong>el</strong> cuadro, por<br />

lo que <strong>el</strong> total no correspon<strong>de</strong> a la suma <strong>de</strong> leña, gas natural<br />

y bagazo. Se presentaron solo estos tres productos <strong>de</strong>bido a<br />

su importancia para la región en términos <strong>de</strong> presión sobre<br />

los recursos naturales y la contaminación resultante <strong>de</strong> su<br />

proceso productivo.<br />

This section reports on a gross domestic product energy<br />

intensity indicator, which corresponds to indicator 27 of Goal<br />

7 of the Millennium Dev<strong>el</strong>opment Goals.<br />

In general, energy statistics are presented for greater<br />

comprehension and dissemination as part of the energy<br />

balance, which, like a financial balance, consi<strong>de</strong>rs a<br />

group of sources (income) whose sum is equal to total<br />

different uses (expenditures). In this case, the outputs<br />

are energy outputs measured in physical and/or energy<br />

units (energy-producing capacity). In the context of<br />

energy balances, some key indicators are extracted such<br />

as those mentioned b<strong>el</strong>ow.<br />

Primary energy production. This refers to the<br />

production of those energy products or sources found in<br />

their natural states, for example, wood, natural gas, bagasse<br />

and hydro<strong>el</strong>ectricity. In addition, it refers to the amount of<br />

fu<strong>el</strong> extracted or produced, calculated after any operation<br />

to <strong>el</strong>iminate an inert material. Generally, it inclu<strong>de</strong>s the<br />

energy consumed in the production process as w<strong>el</strong>l as<br />

the supply to other energy producers for conversion or<br />

other uses.<br />

Secondary energy production. Refers to those energy<br />

products or sources which are the result of the conversion<br />

of primary energy products, such as all those <strong>de</strong>rived<br />

from petroleum refi ning and processing (kerosene, dies<strong>el</strong>,<br />

among others).<br />

Primary energy consumption. This refers to production<br />

plus imports minus exports plus changes in stock less<br />

distribution losses of all those primary energy products.<br />

The tables contain information on three energy<br />

products:<br />

Wood: This refers to all unprocessed wood used as<br />

fu<strong>el</strong>. The production data inclu<strong>de</strong> the portion used for the<br />

production of charcoal.<br />

Natural gas: This consists of a mixture of hydrocarbon<br />

compounds, with small quantities of non-hydrocarbons,<br />

which exist in a gaseous state or dissolved in petroleum and<br />

in natural un<strong>de</strong>rground <strong>de</strong>posits.<br />

Bagasse: This is the c<strong>el</strong>lulose residue left after the<br />

extraction of sugar from sugar cane. It is frequently used as<br />

fu<strong>el</strong> in the sugar mills thems<strong>el</strong>ves.<br />

It should be recalled that total primary energy consumption<br />

inclu<strong>de</strong>s products other than those reported on in the table,<br />

which explains why the total does not add up to the total of<br />

fi rewood, natural gas and bagasse. Only these three products<br />

are presented owing to their importance for the region in<br />

terms of pressure on natural resources and the pollution<br />

generated during their production process.


410 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> energía secundaria. Correspon<strong>de</strong> a la producción<br />

más las importaciones menos las exportaciones más los cambios<br />

en las reservas y menos las pérdidas por distribución <strong>de</strong> todos<br />

los productos energéticos secundarios (que son <strong>el</strong> resultado <strong>de</strong><br />

la transformación <strong>de</strong> productos energéticos primarios).<br />

Consumo total <strong>de</strong> energía. También conocido como<br />

consumo fi nal, correspon<strong>de</strong> a toda la energía consumida para<br />

fi nes distintos a la transformación o producción <strong>de</strong> energía. Este<br />

consumo incluye productos primarios y secundarios, pero solo<br />

aqu<strong>el</strong>los <strong>de</strong>stinados al consumo fi nal. Se incluye también la<br />

energía <strong>de</strong>stinada a las activida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> extracción y producción<br />

<strong>de</strong> energía que no forma parte <strong>de</strong>l proceso <strong>de</strong> transformación.<br />

Debido a que una parte <strong>de</strong> la energía primaria y<br />

secundaria se utiliza para producir energía, como en <strong>el</strong> caso<br />

<strong>de</strong> la quema <strong>de</strong> combustible en la producción <strong>de</strong> energía<br />

<strong>el</strong>éctrica, <strong>el</strong> consumo fi nal <strong>de</strong> energía no correspon<strong>de</strong> a la<br />

suma <strong>de</strong>l consumo <strong>de</strong> energía primaria y secundaria.<br />

Oferta <strong>de</strong> energía. Correspon<strong>de</strong> a la sumatoria <strong>de</strong><br />

las ofertas <strong>de</strong> energía primaria y secundaria, menos la<br />

producción <strong>de</strong> energía secundaria. Este segundo término se<br />

incorpora para evitar la doble contabilización <strong>de</strong> la energía<br />

utilizada en <strong>el</strong> proceso <strong>de</strong> producción <strong>de</strong> energía secundaria.<br />

Se incluye la oferta <strong>de</strong> fuentes <strong>de</strong> energía renovables y no<br />

renovables. Estas últimas, correspondientes básicamente<br />

a estimaciones <strong>de</strong> las reservas <strong>de</strong> petróleo, gas y carbón,<br />

constituyen importantes riesgos para <strong>el</strong> medio ambiente en<br />

las zonas <strong>de</strong> extracción <strong>de</strong> estos recursos y en los corredores<br />

<strong>de</strong> transporte vinculados con <strong>el</strong>las.<br />

En los casos <strong>de</strong>l consumo total <strong>de</strong> energía y <strong>de</strong> la oferta<br />

total <strong>de</strong> energía, se calcularon las variaciones medias anuales,<br />

que correspon<strong>de</strong>n a la variación <strong>de</strong>l período, dividida por<br />

<strong>el</strong> número <strong>de</strong> años comprendidos. Cabe reiterar que no se<br />

trata <strong>de</strong> variación efectiva año tras año sino <strong>de</strong> un cálculo<br />

<strong>de</strong> cambio medio <strong>de</strong> consumo/oferta por año.<br />

Oferta <strong>de</strong> energía renovable. Correspon<strong>de</strong> a la oferta <strong>de</strong> las<br />

siguientes fuentes energéticas: hidroenergía (a gran y pequeña<br />

escala), geotermia, <strong>de</strong>ndroenergía (porción <strong>de</strong> biomasa leñosa <strong>de</strong><br />

consumo sostenible), bioenergía sostenible no r<strong>el</strong>acionada con<br />

la ma<strong>de</strong>ra y otras fuentes como energía eólica y fotovoltaica.<br />

Oferta <strong>de</strong> energía no renovable. Correspon<strong>de</strong> a la oferta<br />

<strong>de</strong> aqu<strong>el</strong>las fuentes energéticas que requieren períodos muy<br />

largos para renovarse. Se trata principalmente <strong>de</strong> hidrocarburos,<br />

energía nuclear, carbón mineral y <strong>de</strong> la porción <strong>de</strong> la biomasa<br />

cuyo uso no es sostenible.<br />

Intensidad energética <strong>de</strong>l PIB. Este indicador mi<strong>de</strong> la<br />

r<strong>el</strong>ación que existe entre la cantidad <strong>de</strong> energía consumida<br />

y <strong>el</strong> producto interno bruto (PIB). En la medida que este<br />

indicador aumenta se incrementa la cantidad <strong>de</strong> energía<br />

requerida para producir una unidad monetaria <strong>de</strong> producción<br />

económica. La r<strong>el</strong>evancia <strong>de</strong> este indicador radica que un<br />

Secondary energy consumption. This refers to<br />

production plus imports less exports plus changes in<br />

stocks less distribution losses of all those secondary<br />

energy products (which are the result of the conversion<br />

of primary energy products).<br />

Total energy consumption. Also known as final<br />

consumption, this refers to all that energy consumed for<br />

purposes other than the conversion or production of energy.<br />

This consumption inclu<strong>de</strong>s primary and secondary products, but<br />

only those inten<strong>de</strong>d for fi nal consumption. It also inclu<strong>de</strong>s that<br />

portion of energy that supports energy extraction and production<br />

activities, but that are not part of the conversion process.<br />

Since some of the primary and secondary energy is<br />

used to produce energy, such as fu<strong>el</strong> combustion in the<br />

production of <strong>el</strong>ectrical energy, fi nal energy consumption<br />

does not add up to the sum of primary energy and secondary<br />

consumption.<br />

Energy supply. This corresponds to the sum of the<br />

supplies of primary and secondary energy less the production<br />

of secondary energy. This second term is incorporated to<br />

avoid double counting of that energy used in the secondary<br />

energy production process. This inclu<strong>de</strong>s the supply from<br />

renewable and non-renewable energy sources. The latter,<br />

which correspond basically to estimates of oil, gas and<br />

coal reserves, pose huge risks for the environment in the<br />

extraction zones of these resources and in the transport<br />

corridors linked to them.<br />

In the case of total energy consumption and total energy<br />

supply, average annual variations have been calculated, which<br />

correspond to the variation of the period, divi<strong>de</strong>d by the number<br />

of years inclu<strong>de</strong>d. It should be recalled that it is not a matter<br />

of the effective year-on-year variation, but rather a calculation<br />

of average change in consumption/supply per year.<br />

Renewable energy supply. This refers to the supply of<br />

the following energy sources: hydroenergy (large and small<br />

scale), geothermal energy, wood energy (portion of sustainable<br />

wood biomass), non-wood-r<strong>el</strong>ated sustainable bioenergy and<br />

other sources such as wind and photovoltaic energies.<br />

Supply of non-renewable energy. Refers to the supply<br />

of those energy sources that require very long periods for<br />

renewal. These inclu<strong>de</strong> primarily hydrocarbons, nuclear<br />

energy, mineral coal and the non-sustainable portion of<br />

the biomass.<br />

Energy intensity of GDP. This indicator measures the<br />

r<strong>el</strong>ationship between the amount of energy consumed and<br />

gross domestic product (GDP). The higher this indicator,<br />

the greater the amount of energy required to produce one<br />

monetary unit of economic output. This indicator is important<br />

insofar as any increase in energy consumption to achieve


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 411<br />

incremento <strong>de</strong>l consumo energético para alcanzar un PIB<br />

mayor se traduce en una presión sobre los recursos naturales<br />

y efectos ambientales mayores.<br />

Este indicador se calculó como <strong>el</strong> cociente entre <strong>el</strong><br />

consumo total <strong>de</strong> energía y <strong>el</strong> producto interno bruto en<br />

dólares, a precios constantes <strong>de</strong>l año 2000.<br />

Hidrocarburos. Constituyen un grupo <strong>de</strong> compuestos<br />

orgánicos que contienen principalmente carbono e hidrógeno. Son<br />

los compuestos orgánicos más simples y pue<strong>de</strong>n ser consi<strong>de</strong>rados<br />

como las sustancias principales <strong>de</strong> las que <strong>de</strong>rivan todos los<br />

<strong>de</strong>más compuestos orgánicos. Se llama hidrocarburos al grupo<br />

compuesto por <strong>el</strong> petróleo, <strong>el</strong> gas natural y sus <strong>de</strong>rivados.<br />

En esta sección se presentan estadísticas acerca <strong>de</strong>l consumo<br />

<strong>de</strong> hidrocarburos per cápita y la variación anual <strong>de</strong>l consumo. La<br />

primera variable se calculó como <strong>el</strong> cociente entre <strong>el</strong> consumo<br />

total <strong>de</strong> hidrocarburos <strong>de</strong> un país y su número <strong>de</strong> habitantes.<br />

Por su parte, la variación anual <strong>de</strong>l consumo correspon<strong>de</strong> a la<br />

variación porcentual <strong>de</strong>l consumo año tras año.<br />

Energía <strong>el</strong>éctrica. Se trata <strong>de</strong> energía secundaria, es<br />

<strong>de</strong>cir, energía que se obtiene <strong>de</strong> la transformación y uso <strong>de</strong><br />

otras fuentes energéticas, como <strong>el</strong> gas natural y la energía<br />

mecánica (hidroenergía), entre otras. Las fuentes utilizadas en<br />

la producción <strong>de</strong> energía <strong>el</strong>éctrica pue<strong>de</strong>n ser tanto renovables<br />

como no renovables, pero la <strong>el</strong>ectricidad en sí no es ni<br />

renovable ni no renovable. Actualmente existen cuatro tipos<br />

<strong>de</strong> plantas <strong>de</strong> generación <strong>de</strong> energía <strong>el</strong>éctrica: hidro<strong>el</strong>éctricas,<br />

geotérmicas, nucleares y térmicas convencionales.<br />

En esta sección se presentan estadísticas acerca <strong>de</strong>l consumo<br />

<strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong>ectricidad per cápita y la variación anual <strong>de</strong>l consumo. La<br />

primera variable se calculó como <strong>el</strong> cociente entre <strong>el</strong> consumo<br />

total <strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong>ectricidad <strong>de</strong> un país y su número <strong>de</strong> habitantes. Por<br />

su parte, la variación anual <strong>de</strong>l consumo, correspon<strong>de</strong> a la<br />

variación porcentual <strong>de</strong>l consumo año tras año.<br />

Energía hidro<strong>el</strong>éctrica. Electricidad generada por <strong>el</strong><br />

movimiento <strong>de</strong> turbinas impulsadas por una corriente <strong>de</strong> agua.<br />

Las plantas hidro<strong>el</strong>éctricas se divi<strong>de</strong>n en dos grupos principales:<br />

las establecidas en ríos y que utilizan su caudal y aqu<strong>el</strong>las<br />

en las que la corriente <strong>de</strong> agua utilizada pue<strong>de</strong> controlarse<br />

mediante reservas. Si bien la energía hidro<strong>el</strong>éctrica se consi<strong>de</strong>ra<br />

ambientalmente aceptable, existen algunos problemas: i) se<br />

corre <strong>el</strong> riesgo <strong>de</strong> que las represas se rompan, inundando las<br />

zonas aledañas, ii) se requiere inundar gran<strong>de</strong>s terrenos para<br />

acumular reservas <strong>de</strong> agua y iii) se producen importantes<br />

cambios en los niv<strong>el</strong>es <strong>de</strong> las aguas subterráneas.<br />

La participación <strong>de</strong> energía hidro<strong>el</strong>éctrica en la generación<br />

<strong>de</strong> energía <strong>el</strong>éctrica correspon<strong>de</strong> al porcentaje <strong>de</strong>l total <strong>de</strong><br />

energía <strong>el</strong>éctrica producida en un país que es generada<br />

mediante plantas hidro<strong>el</strong>éctricas.<br />

Capacidad instalada para producir energía <strong>el</strong>éctrica.<br />

Correspon<strong>de</strong> a la capacidad máxima establecida <strong>de</strong> todos los<br />

generadores disponibles. Es importante consi<strong>de</strong>rar que la capacidad<br />

higher GDP implies pressure on natural resources and a<br />

stronger environmental impact.<br />

This indicator is calculated as the ratio of total energy<br />

consumption to gross domestic product in dollars expressed<br />

in constant 2000 prices.<br />

Hydrocarbons. These are a group of organic compounds<br />

that contain principally carbon and hydrogen. They are the<br />

simplest organic compounds and may be consi<strong>de</strong>red as the<br />

main substances from which all other organic compounds are<br />

<strong>de</strong>rived. The term hydrocarbon is used to refer to the group<br />

composed of petroleum, natural gas and their <strong>de</strong>rivatives.<br />

This section presents statistics on the per capita consumption<br />

of hydrocarbons and the annual variation in consumption. The<br />

fi rst variable was calculated as the ratio of a country’s total<br />

hydrocarbon consumption to the number of its inhabitants.<br />

The annual variation in consumption corresponds to the yearon-year<br />

percentage variation in consumption.<br />

Electrical energy. This refers to secondary energy,<br />

that is, energy that is obtained from the conversion and use<br />

of other energy sources, such as natural gas, mechanical<br />

energy (hydroenergy) among others. The sources used in<br />

the production of <strong>el</strong>ectrical energy may be renewable as<br />

w<strong>el</strong>l as non-renewable, but <strong>el</strong>ectricity in its<strong>el</strong>f is neither<br />

renewable nor non-renewable. There are currently four types<br />

of <strong>el</strong>ectricity generating plants: hydro<strong>el</strong>ectric, geothermal,<br />

nuclear and conventional thermal.<br />

This section contains statistics on per capita <strong>el</strong>ectricity<br />

consumption and annual variation in consumption. The<br />

fi rst variable was calculated as the ratio of total <strong>el</strong>ectricity<br />

consumption by country and the number of inhabitants. For<br />

its part, the annual variation in consumption refers to the<br />

year-on-year percentage variation in consumption.<br />

Hydro<strong>el</strong>ectricity. Electricity generated by the movement<br />

of water-activated turbines. Hydro<strong>el</strong>ectric plants are divi<strong>de</strong>d<br />

basically into two groups, those established in rivers and<br />

which use the water fl ow and those where the water fl ow used<br />

can be controlled through reserves. While hydro<strong>el</strong>ectrical<br />

energy is consi<strong>de</strong>red as environmentally acceptable, it<br />

does pose some problems: (a) there is the risk that the<br />

dams could burst and fl ood neighbouring areas; (b) vast<br />

tracts of land have to be fl oo<strong>de</strong>d in or<strong>de</strong>r to accumulate<br />

water reserves; and (c) signifi cant changes are produced<br />

in ground water lev<strong>el</strong>s.<br />

The share of hydro<strong>el</strong>ectricity in <strong>el</strong>ectricity generation<br />

is the percentage of total <strong>el</strong>ectrical energy produced in a<br />

country that is generated by hydro<strong>el</strong>ectricity plants.<br />

Installed <strong>el</strong>ectricity capacity. This is the maximum<br />

installed capacity of all available generators. It should<br />

be noted that installed capacity will probably be greater


412 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

instalada probablemente será mayor que la cantidad <strong>de</strong> energía<br />

<strong>el</strong>éctrica producida, pues las plantas no siempre operan a su<br />

máxima capacidad <strong>de</strong>bido a razones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>manda u oferta.<br />

La gran mayoría <strong>de</strong> los datos presentados en esta sección<br />

correspon<strong>de</strong>n a registros administrativos. Sin embargo, en<br />

algunas ocasiones se utilizaron estimaciones para <strong>de</strong>terminar<br />

la participación por sector.<br />

<br />

3.6 Aire y atmósfera<br />

La información <strong>de</strong> esta sección proviene <strong>de</strong> la Base <strong>de</strong><br />

Datos <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas e Indicadores <strong>de</strong>l Medio Ambiente<br />

(BADEIMA) <strong>de</strong> la División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones<br />

Económicas <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL, en la que se sistematizan estadísticas<br />

proporcionadas directamente por los países.<br />

Consumo <strong>de</strong> sustancias que agotan la capa <strong>de</strong> ozono. En<br />

esta categoría se encuentran los tres principales compuestos<br />

químicos que <strong>de</strong>struyen la capa <strong>de</strong> ozono: clorofl uorocarbonos<br />

(CFC), hidroclorofl uorocarbonos (HCFC) y bromuro <strong>de</strong> metilo<br />

(metilbromuro), medidos en función <strong>de</strong> su consumo total.<br />

La información respecto a estas sustancias es r<strong>el</strong>evante pues<br />

<strong>el</strong> a<strong>de</strong>lgazamiento <strong>de</strong> la capa <strong>de</strong> ozono no permite fi ltrar los<br />

nocivos rayos ultravioleta que afectan negativamente a los seres<br />

humanos y a otros seres vivos. La producción y <strong>el</strong> consumo <strong>de</strong><br />

estas sustancias constituyen la causa principal <strong>de</strong> la reducción<br />

<strong>de</strong>l ozono estratosférico y han estado bajo seguimiento <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong><br />

la entrada en vigor <strong>de</strong>l protocolo <strong>de</strong> Montreal en 1987. El<br />

cuadro <strong>de</strong> consumo <strong>de</strong> CFC correspon<strong>de</strong> al indicador 28b,<br />

<strong>de</strong>l séptimo objetivo <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sarrollo <strong>de</strong>l Milenio.<br />

Clorofluorocarbonos (CFC). Productos químicos<br />

inertes, no tóxicos, que se licuan fácilmente. Se emplean<br />

en los sistemas <strong>de</strong> refrigeración, aire acondicionado, envasado<br />

y aislamiento o como solventes y propulsores <strong>de</strong> aerosoles.<br />

Dado que los CFC no se <strong>de</strong>struyen en las capas inferiores <strong>de</strong><br />

la atmósfera se <strong>de</strong>splazan hacia las capas superiores, don<strong>de</strong> sus<br />

componentes clorados <strong>de</strong>struyen <strong>el</strong> ozono. En <strong>el</strong> Protocolo <strong>de</strong><br />

Montreal, los CFC correspon<strong>de</strong>n al grupo I <strong>de</strong>l anexo A, en <strong>el</strong><br />

que se i<strong>de</strong>ntifi can las siguientes sustancias controladas: CFC-11,<br />

CFC-12, CFC-113, CFC-114 y CFC-115. En <strong>el</strong> Protocolo <strong>de</strong><br />

Montreal se dispone que la comunicación <strong>de</strong> datos <strong>de</strong>be realizarse<br />

en ton<strong>el</strong>adas métricas <strong>de</strong> potencial <strong>de</strong> agotamiento <strong>de</strong>l ozono<br />

(PAO). Estas se calculan multiplicando las ton<strong>el</strong>adas métricas<br />

<strong>de</strong> CFC por un factor específi co para cada sustancia.<br />

than the quantity of <strong>el</strong>ectricity produced, since plants do<br />

not always operate at their maximum capacity owing to<br />

<strong>de</strong>mand/supply factors.<br />

Most of the data presented in this section come from<br />

administrative records. However, estimates are sometimes<br />

used to work out the share per sector.<br />

3.6 Air and atmosphere<br />

The information in this section comes from the Database of<br />

Environmental Statistics and Indicators for Latin America<br />

and the Caribbean (BADEIMA), from the ECLAC Statistics<br />

and Economic Projections Division, which systematizes<br />

statistics supplied directly by countries.<br />

Consumption of ozone-<strong>de</strong>pleting substances. This<br />

category inclu<strong>de</strong>s the three main chemicals that <strong>de</strong>stroy the<br />

ozone layer: chorofl uorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofl uorocarbons<br />

(HCFCs) and methyl bromi<strong>de</strong>s, measured in terms<br />

of total consumption. The information r<strong>el</strong>ating to these<br />

substances is important since the thinning of the ozone<br />

layer means that harmful ultraviolet rays, which advers<strong>el</strong>y<br />

affect human beings and other living beings, are not being<br />

fi ltered out. The production and consumption of these<br />

substances are the main cause of reduction in stratospheric<br />

ozone and have been monitored since the entry into force<br />

of the Montreal Protocol in 1987. The CFC consumption<br />

framework corresponds to indicator 28(b) of Goal 7 of the<br />

Millennium Dev<strong>el</strong>opment Goals.<br />

Chlorofl uorocarbons (CFCs). Inert, non-toxic chemical<br />

products, which are easily liquefi ed. They are used in<br />

refrigeration and air conditioning systems, in packaging<br />

and insulation or as solvents and aerosol prop<strong>el</strong>lants.<br />

Since CFCs are not <strong>de</strong>stroyed in the lower layers of<br />

the atmosphere, they move up towards the upper layers<br />

where their chlorate components <strong>de</strong>stroy the ozone. In<br />

the Montreal Protocol, CFCs r<strong>el</strong>ate to group I of annex<br />

A, which i<strong>de</strong>ntifi es the following controlled substances:<br />

CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113, CFC-114 and CFC-115.<br />

The Montreal Protocol states that data should be reported<br />

in metric tons of ozone-<strong>de</strong>pleting potential (ODP). The<br />

latter is calculated by multiplying by a specifi c factor for<br />

each substance.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 413<br />

Hidroclorofluorocarbonos (HCFC). Compuestos<br />

generalmente utilizados como sustitutos <strong>de</strong> los clorofl uorocarbonos<br />

(CFC) en los sistemas <strong>de</strong> refrigeración, <strong>de</strong>bido a que su efecto<br />

en <strong>el</strong> agotamiento <strong>de</strong> la capa <strong>de</strong> ozono es menor. En <strong>el</strong> Protocolo<br />

<strong>de</strong> Montreal, los HCFC correspon<strong>de</strong>n al grupo I <strong>de</strong>l anexo C.<br />

Bromuro <strong>de</strong> metilo (Metilbromuro). Sustancia química<br />

compuesta por carbono, hidrógeno y bromo, que se utiliza<br />

principalmente como plaguicida agrícola y sustancia<br />

fumigadora y que posee un <strong>el</strong>evado potencial <strong>de</strong> agotamiento<br />

<strong>de</strong>l ozono. En <strong>el</strong> protocolo <strong>de</strong> Montreal <strong>el</strong> Bromuro <strong>de</strong> Metilo<br />

correspon<strong>de</strong> al grupo I <strong>de</strong>l anexo E.<br />

Las cifras correspondientes a estas tres variables se<br />

obtienen <strong>de</strong> registros administrativos. Por lo general se<br />

utiliza <strong>el</strong> concepto <strong>de</strong> consumo aparente, es <strong>de</strong>cir, se estima<br />

<strong>el</strong> consumo real sobre la base <strong>de</strong> la producción, importación<br />

y exportación <strong>de</strong> las distintas sustancias.<br />

Emisiones <strong>de</strong> gases <strong>de</strong> efecto inverna<strong>de</strong>ro. Correspon<strong>de</strong><br />

a estadísticas <strong>de</strong> emisiones <strong>de</strong> gases <strong>de</strong> efecto inverna<strong>de</strong>ro<br />

<strong>de</strong>sglosadas por fuentes emisoras <strong>de</strong> los siguientes compuestos:<br />

dióxido <strong>de</strong> carbono (CO 2 ), metano (CH 4 ) y óxido nitroso<br />

(N 2 O). La emisión <strong>de</strong> estos gases provoca <strong>el</strong> calentamiento<br />

<strong>de</strong> la atmósfera <strong>de</strong> la tierra <strong>de</strong>bido a su acumulación en<br />

trazas, actuando como <strong>el</strong> techo <strong>de</strong> vidrio <strong>de</strong> un inverna<strong>de</strong>ro.<br />

Este fenómeno, que permite <strong>el</strong> paso <strong>de</strong> los rayos solares y <strong>el</strong><br />

calentamiento <strong>de</strong> la superfi cie terrestre pero impi<strong>de</strong> la pérdida<br />

<strong>de</strong> radiación térmica, es <strong>el</strong> principal causante <strong>de</strong>l cambio<br />

climático. Emisiones <strong>de</strong> CO 2 correspon<strong>de</strong> al indicador 28a<br />

<strong>de</strong>l séptimo objetivo <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sarrollo <strong>de</strong>l Milenio.<br />

Emisiones. Correspon<strong>de</strong>n a la <strong>de</strong>scarga en la atmósfera<br />

<strong>de</strong> contaminantes proce<strong>de</strong>ntes tanto <strong>de</strong> fuentes fi jas, tales como<br />

chimeneas, otros ductos <strong>de</strong> ventilación, áreas superfi ciales <strong>de</strong><br />

instalaciones comerciales o industriales, como <strong>de</strong> fuentes móviles,<br />

por ejemplo, vehículos automotores, locomotoras y aeronaves.<br />

Dióxido <strong>de</strong> carbono (CO 2 ). Gas incoloro, inodoro y no<br />

venenoso que se <strong>de</strong>spren<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> la quema <strong>de</strong> combustibles fósiles<br />

y normalmente forma parte <strong>de</strong>l aire ambiente. También se<br />

produce en la respiración <strong>de</strong> los organismos vivos (plantas<br />

y animales). Se le consi<strong>de</strong>ra <strong>el</strong> principal gas <strong>de</strong> efecto<br />

inverna<strong>de</strong>ro. También se <strong>de</strong>nomina anhídrido carbónico.<br />

Energía (producción y uso). Correspon<strong>de</strong> a la categoría<br />

1 <strong>de</strong> las directrices <strong>de</strong>l Grupo Intergubernamental <strong>de</strong> Expertos<br />

sobre <strong>el</strong> Cambio Climático (IPCC) y abarca las emisiones<br />

proce<strong>de</strong>ntes <strong>de</strong> la producción y uso <strong>de</strong> energía en todos los<br />

sectores <strong>de</strong> la economía y en los hogares. Incluye la quema<br />

<strong>de</strong> combustible y las emisiones fugitivas.<br />

Procesos industriales. Correspon<strong>de</strong> a la categoría 2 <strong>de</strong><br />

las directrices IPCC. Se trata <strong>de</strong> las emisiones liberadas por<br />

los procesos <strong>de</strong> la industria química, la industria metalúrgica,<br />

la producción y utilización <strong>de</strong> productos minerales y otras<br />

industrias.<br />

Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs). Compounds<br />

usually used as substitutes for chlorofl uorocarbons (CFCs)<br />

in refrigeration systems, since they have a lower impact on<br />

the <strong>de</strong>pletion of the ozone layer. In the Montreal Protocol,<br />

HCFCs are listed in group I of annex C.<br />

Methyl bromi<strong>de</strong>. Chemical substance ma<strong>de</strong> up of<br />

carbon, hydrogen and bromine, which is used mainly as a<br />

pestici<strong>de</strong> in agriculture and a fumigant and which has a high<br />

ozone-<strong>de</strong>pleting potential. In the Montreal Protocol, methyl<br />

bromi<strong>de</strong> is covered in group I of annex E.<br />

The fi gures for these three variables are obtained from<br />

administrative records. Generally, the concept of apparent<br />

consumption is used, that is, real consumption is estimated<br />

through production, imports and exports of the different<br />

substances.<br />

Greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). This section provi<strong>de</strong>s<br />

statistics of emissions of greenhouse gases, broken down by<br />

source of emissions of the following compounds: carbon dioxi<strong>de</strong><br />

(CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ), and nitrous oxi<strong>de</strong> (N 2 O). Emissions<br />

of these gases cause warming of the earth’s atmosphere by<br />

forming an accumulation of these in traces, which act like<br />

the glass roof of a greenhouse. This phenomenon, which<br />

allows sunrays to pass through, causing warming of the<br />

surface of the earth, but prevents loss of thermal radiation,<br />

is the principal cause of climate change. Carbon dioxi<strong>de</strong><br />

(CO 2 ) emissions r<strong>el</strong>ate to indicator 28(a) of Goal 7 of the<br />

Millennium Dev<strong>el</strong>opment Goals.<br />

Emissions. These refer to the r<strong>el</strong>ease into the atmosphere<br />

of pollutants from fi xed sources, such as stacks, other<br />

ventilation ducts, surface areas of commercial or industrial<br />

installations as w<strong>el</strong>l as from mobile sources, such as motor<br />

vehicles, locomotives and aircraft.<br />

Carbon dioxi<strong>de</strong> (CO ). A colourless, odourless, non-<br />

2<br />

toxic gas, which is r<strong>el</strong>eased on combustion of fossil fu<strong>el</strong>s<br />

and is normally present in the air. It is also produced by<br />

respiration of living organisms (plants and animals) and is<br />

consi<strong>de</strong>red to be the principal greenhouse gas. Also referred<br />

to as carbonic anhydri<strong>de</strong>.<br />

Energy (production and use). Corresponds to category<br />

1 of the gui<strong>de</strong>lines of the Intergovernmental Pan<strong>el</strong> on<br />

Climate Change (IPCC) and inclu<strong>de</strong>s the emissions from<br />

energy production and use in all sectors of the economy<br />

and households. It inclu<strong>de</strong>s the burning of fu<strong>el</strong> and fugitive<br />

emissions.<br />

Industrial processes. Corresponds to category 2 of the<br />

Intergovernmental Pan<strong>el</strong> on Climate Change (IPCC). It refers<br />

to emissions r<strong>el</strong>eased through industrial chemical processes,<br />

metallurgy, the production and use of mineral products and<br />

other industries.


414 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

Metano (CH ). Hidrocarburo gaseoso, incoloro, infl amable<br />

4<br />

y no venenoso, que se forma por la <strong>de</strong>scomposición anaeróbica<br />

<strong>de</strong> los compuestos orgánicos. El metano es un po<strong>de</strong>roso gas<br />

<strong>de</strong> efecto inverna<strong>de</strong>ro.<br />

Agricultura. Categoría 4 <strong>de</strong> las directrices <strong>de</strong>l IPCC.<br />

Compren<strong>de</strong> las emisiones proce<strong>de</strong>ntes <strong>de</strong> la cría <strong>de</strong> ganado,<br />

<strong>el</strong> cultivo <strong>de</strong> arroz, la quema <strong>de</strong> residuos agrícolas, la quema<br />

prescrita <strong>de</strong> sabanas y otras activida<strong>de</strong>s agrícolas.<br />

Otras fuentes <strong>de</strong> emisiones. Correspon<strong>de</strong> a las categorías<br />

2, 3, 5 y 6 <strong>de</strong> las directrices <strong>de</strong>l IPCC. Abarca las emisiones<br />

provenientes <strong>de</strong> procesos industriales, como los <strong>de</strong> la industria<br />

química, la metalúrgica, la producción y utilización <strong>de</strong> productos<br />

minerales y otras industrias. También compren<strong>de</strong> las emisiones<br />

producto <strong>de</strong>l uso <strong>de</strong> solventes, esto es, las emisiones proce<strong>de</strong>ntes<br />

<strong>de</strong> la aplicación <strong>de</strong> pintura, <strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong>sengrase y <strong>el</strong> lavado en seco,<br />

la manufactura y <strong>el</strong> procesamiento <strong>de</strong> productos químicos, así<br />

como <strong>de</strong> otros procesos en los que se utilizan disolventes y<br />

otros productos basados en disolventes. Por ultimo incluye las<br />

emisiones proce<strong>de</strong>ntes <strong>de</strong>l tratamiento <strong>de</strong> las aguas residuales,<br />

la <strong>el</strong>iminación <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sechos en la tierra, la quema <strong>de</strong> residuos, los<br />

cambios en <strong>el</strong> uso <strong>de</strong> la tierra, la silvicultura y otras activida<strong>de</strong>s<br />

que no correspondan a las clasifi caciones <strong>de</strong>scritas.<br />

Óxido nitroso (N O). Gas r<strong>el</strong>ativamente inerte que se<br />

2<br />

produce como resultado <strong>de</strong> la actividad microbiana en <strong>el</strong><br />

su<strong>el</strong>o, la utilización <strong>de</strong> fertilizantes nitrogenados, la quema<br />

<strong>de</strong> leña, entre otros. Este compuesto pue<strong>de</strong> contribuir al<br />

efecto inverna<strong>de</strong>ro y al agotamiento <strong>de</strong>l ozono.<br />

En general, para <strong>el</strong> cálculo <strong>de</strong> estas variables se utiliza la<br />

metodología revisada en 1996 <strong>de</strong>l Grupo Intergubernamental<br />

<strong>de</strong> Expertos sobre <strong>el</strong> Cambio Climático. Esta metodología<br />

correspon<strong>de</strong> a una estimación indirecta <strong>de</strong> las emisiones <strong>de</strong> los<br />

distintos sectores, <strong>de</strong> acuerdo con factores <strong>de</strong> emisión por unidad<br />

<strong>de</strong> consumo o producción, que se calcula como la sumatoria <strong>de</strong>l<br />

producto <strong>de</strong> la unidad <strong>de</strong> producción <strong>de</strong> cada sector por <strong>el</strong> factor<br />

<strong>de</strong> emisión asociado con cada gas, por unidad <strong>de</strong> actividad.<br />

<br />

3.7 Desastres naturales<br />

Las series estadísticas presentadas en esta sección provienen<br />

<strong>de</strong> la base <strong>de</strong> datos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sastres (EM-DAT), <strong>de</strong>l Centro para<br />

la Investigación <strong>de</strong> la Epi<strong>de</strong>miología <strong>de</strong> los Desastres.<br />

Se distinguen siete tipos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sastres naturales:<br />

inundaciones, <strong>de</strong>slizamientos, sequías, huracanes, terremotos,<br />

erupción volcánica y maremotos/tsunamis. La importancia <strong>de</strong><br />

estos hechos radica no solo en los daños que provocan en los<br />

recursos naturales y <strong>el</strong> medio ambiente en general sino también<br />

por los efectos directos que tienen en los seres humanos.<br />

Methane (CH ). Gaseous, colourless, fl ammable and<br />

4<br />

non-toxic hydrocarbon, which is formed through the anaerobic<br />

<strong>de</strong>composition of organic compounds. Methane is a powerful<br />

greenhouse gas.<br />

Agriculture. Category 4 of the IPCC. Refers to those<br />

emissions from livestock rearing, rice farming, the burning<br />

of agricultural waste, the prescribed burning of savannas<br />

and other agricultural activities.<br />

Other sources of emissions. Refers to categories 2, 3, 5<br />

and 6 of IPCC. Inclu<strong>de</strong>s emissions from industrial processes,<br />

such as the chemical industry, the metallurgical industry, the<br />

production and use of mineral products and other industries.<br />

Also takes into account the emissions produced by the use of<br />

solvents, which inclu<strong>de</strong> emissions caused by the application<br />

of paint, <strong>de</strong>greasing and dry-cleaning, the manufacture and<br />

processing of chemicals, as w<strong>el</strong>l as other processes for which<br />

solvents and other solvent-based products are used. Lastly,<br />

it consi<strong>de</strong>rs the emissions r<strong>el</strong>eased from the treatment of<br />

waste water, the <strong>el</strong>imination of waste matter in land dumps,<br />

the burning of waste, changes in land use, forestry and other<br />

activities that do not correspond to the above-mentioned<br />

classifi cations.<br />

Nitrous oxi<strong>de</strong> (N O). R<strong>el</strong>ativ<strong>el</strong>y inert gas, which<br />

2<br />

is produced as a result of microbial activity in the soil,<br />

the use of nitrate fertilizers, wood-burning, etc. This<br />

compound can contribute to the greenhouse effect and<br />

ozone <strong>de</strong>pletion.<br />

In general, the 1996 revised methodology of the<br />

Intergovernmental Pan<strong>el</strong> on Climate Change (IPCC) is used<br />

to calculate these variables. This methodology refers to an<br />

indirect estimate of emissions of the different sectors, in<br />

accordance with emission factors per unit of consumption<br />

or production. It is calculated as the sum of the product of<br />

the production unit of each sector times the emission factor<br />

associated with each gas, per unit of activity.<br />

3.7 Natural disasters<br />

The statistical series presented in this section come from the<br />

Emergency Disasters Database (EM-DAT) in the Centre for<br />

Research on the Epi<strong>de</strong>miology of Disasters (CRED).<br />

Seven types of natural disasters are i<strong>de</strong>ntifi ed: fl ood,<br />

landsli<strong>de</strong>, drought, hurricane, earthquake, volcanic eruption<br />

and tidal wave/tsunami. Events of these kinds are important<br />

not only in terms of the damage they cause to natural resources<br />

and the environment as a whole, but also in terms of their<br />

direct impact on human beings.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 415<br />

Inundaciones. Aumento signifi cativo <strong>de</strong>l niv<strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong> un curso<br />

<strong>de</strong> agua, lago, reserva o región costera que hace que parte <strong>de</strong> la<br />

superfi cie terrestre que<strong>de</strong> temporalmente cubierta <strong>de</strong> agua.<br />

Deslizamientos. Toda clase <strong>de</strong> movimientos a lo largo <strong>de</strong><br />

una pendiente, en virtud <strong>de</strong> la infl uencia gravitacional. En sentido<br />

estricto, es <strong>el</strong> movimiento <strong>de</strong>scen<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> una masa <strong>de</strong> roca, tierra<br />

o ambos, a lo largo <strong>de</strong> una o varias pendientes. También incluye<br />

los rápidos y repentinos movimientos <strong>de</strong> masas incoherentes,<br />

usualmente mezclas <strong>de</strong> nieve, hi<strong>el</strong>o y material rocoso.<br />

Sequías. Período <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>fi ciencia <strong>de</strong> humedad en <strong>el</strong><br />

su<strong>el</strong>o, <strong>de</strong> tal forma que no hay sufi ciente agua para cubrir<br />

las necesida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> plantas, animales y seres humanos.<br />

Huracán. Ciclón tropical <strong>de</strong> núcleo caliente, en <strong>el</strong> que<br />

<strong>el</strong> viento medio máximo en superfi cie (v<strong>el</strong>ocidad media en<br />

un minuto) es <strong>de</strong> 118 Km/h (74 millas por hora o 64 nudos)<br />

o superior. Por ciclón tropical se entien<strong>de</strong> un ciclón no<br />

frontal <strong>de</strong> escala sinóptica, <strong>de</strong> núcleo caliente, que se origina<br />

sobre aguas tropicales o subtropicales, dotado <strong>de</strong> convección<br />

profunda organizada y circulación cerrada <strong>de</strong> los vientos <strong>de</strong><br />

superfi cie alre<strong>de</strong>dor <strong>de</strong> un centro bien <strong>de</strong>fi nido.<br />

Terremotos. Ruptura repentina en las capas superiores <strong>de</strong><br />

la tierra, que algunas veces se extien<strong>de</strong> a la superfi cie y que<br />

produce una vibración <strong>de</strong>l su<strong>el</strong>o que, <strong>de</strong> ser lo sufi cientemente<br />

fuerte, causa <strong>el</strong> colapso <strong>de</strong> edifi cios y la <strong>de</strong>strucción <strong>de</strong> vidas<br />

y propieda<strong>de</strong>s.<br />

Erupción volcánica. Descarga <strong>de</strong> fragmentos <strong>de</strong> lava<br />

y gases a través <strong>de</strong>l respira<strong>de</strong>ro <strong>de</strong> un volcán. Por volcán se<br />

entien<strong>de</strong> una montaña formada por acumulación local <strong>de</strong><br />

material volcánico alre<strong>de</strong>dor <strong>de</strong> una abertura.<br />

Maremotos/tsunamis. Una serie <strong>de</strong> gran<strong>de</strong>s olas<br />

generadas por <strong>de</strong>splazamientos sorpresivos <strong>de</strong>l agua marina<br />

(causados por terremotos, erupción volcánica o <strong>de</strong>slizamientos<br />

submarinos) capaces <strong>de</strong> propagarse a lo largo <strong>de</strong> gran<strong>de</strong>s<br />

distancias, causando una oleada <strong>de</strong>structiva en la costa.<br />

El número <strong>de</strong> personas afectadas da cuenta <strong>de</strong> la población<br />

que requiere <strong>de</strong> asistencia básica inmediata, incluidos alimento,<br />

agua, abrigo, saneamiento y asistencia médica en un período<br />

<strong>de</strong> emergencia provocado por un <strong>de</strong>sastre natural.<br />

Las pérdidas humanas son las personas confi rmadas como<br />

muertas o que se encuentran <strong>de</strong>saparecidas y presumiblemente<br />

muertas a causa <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>sastre natural.<br />

Para que un <strong>de</strong>sastre se contabilice, <strong>de</strong>be cumplirse al<br />

menos uno <strong>de</strong> los siguientes criterios:<br />

10 o más personas consi<strong>de</strong>radas muertas<br />

100 personas consi<strong>de</strong>radas afectadas<br />

Declaración <strong>de</strong> estado <strong>de</strong> emergencia<br />

Solicitud <strong>de</strong> asistencia internacional<br />

EM-DAT contiene datos esenciales sobre los principales<br />

acontecimientos y los efectos <strong>de</strong> más <strong>de</strong> 12.800 <strong>de</strong>sastres <strong>de</strong><br />

masas en <strong>el</strong> mundo <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> 1900. La base <strong>de</strong> datos se compila<br />

Flood: This refers to the temporary inundation of land<br />

surface as a result of an extraordinary rise in the water lev<strong>el</strong><br />

of a water course, lake, reserve or coastal region.<br />

Landsli<strong>de</strong>: All varieties of slope movement, un<strong>de</strong>r the<br />

infl uence of gravity. More strictly, refers to down-slope<br />

movement of rock and/or earth masses along one or several<br />

sli<strong>de</strong> surfaces. In addition, this category inclu<strong>de</strong>s rapid and<br />

sud<strong>de</strong>n sliding and fl owage of masses of usually unsorted<br />

mixtures of snow, ice, and/or rock material.<br />

Drought. Period of <strong>de</strong>fi ciency of moisture in the soil such<br />

that there is ina<strong>de</strong>quate water required for plants, animals<br />

and human requirements.<br />

Hurricane. A warm-core tropical cyclone in which the<br />

maximum sustained surface wind (using the one-minute<br />

average) is 118 Km/h (74 miles per hour or 64 knots) or<br />

over. A tropical cyclone is a warm-core non-frontal synopticscale<br />

cyclone originating over tropical or subtropical waters,<br />

with organized <strong>de</strong>ep convection and a closed surface wind<br />

circulation about a w<strong>el</strong>l-<strong>de</strong>fi ned centre.<br />

Earthquake. Sud<strong>de</strong>n break within the upper layers of<br />

the earth, sometimes breaking the surface, resulting in the<br />

vibration of the ground, which, where strong enough, will<br />

cause the collapse of buildings and <strong>de</strong>struction of life and<br />

property.<br />

Volcanic eruption. Discharge of fragmentary ejecta,<br />

lava and gases from a volcanic vent. A volcano is a mountain<br />

formed by the local accumulation of volcanic material around<br />

an opening.<br />

Tidal wave/Tsunami: Series of large waves generated<br />

by sud<strong>de</strong>n displacement of seawater (caused by earthquake,<br />

volcanic eruption or submarine landsli<strong>de</strong>); capable of<br />

propagation over large distances and causing a <strong>de</strong>structive<br />

surge on reaching land.<br />

The number of persons affected refers to the population<br />

in need of immediate basic assistance, including food, water,<br />

sh<strong>el</strong>ter, sanitation and medical assistance in an emergency<br />

period following a natural disaster.<br />

Human casualties refers to persons confi rmed <strong>de</strong>ad or<br />

who have disappeared and are presumed <strong>de</strong>ad as a result of<br />

the natural disaster.<br />

For a disaster to be <strong>de</strong>clared, at least one of the following<br />

criteria must be met:<br />

10 or more persons reported <strong>de</strong>ad<br />

100 persons reported affected<br />

Declaration of a state of emergency<br />

Request for international assistance<br />

EM-DAT provi<strong>de</strong>s essential data on the main events<br />

and the effects of more than 12,800 mass disasters which<br />

have occurred in the world since 1900. The database is based


416 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

a partir <strong>de</strong> datos <strong>de</strong> organizaciones <strong>de</strong> Naciones Unidas,<br />

organizaciones no gubernamentales, empresas <strong>de</strong> seguros,<br />

institutos <strong>de</strong> investigación, prensa y otras fuentes.<br />

En <strong>el</strong> cálculo <strong>de</strong> las sumatorias subregionales y regionales,<br />

cada vez que un país no disponía <strong>de</strong> información para un<br />

año se consi<strong>de</strong>ró un valor igual a cero.<br />

<br />

3.8 Transporte e infraestructura<br />

La información presentada en esta sección contiene información<br />

proveniente <strong>de</strong> la Asociación Latinoamericana <strong>de</strong> Ferrocarriles<br />

(ALAF), <strong>de</strong> la Organización <strong>de</strong> Aviación Civil Internacional<br />

(OACI), <strong>de</strong>l portal <strong>de</strong> datos <strong>estadístico</strong>s en línea GEO <strong>de</strong>l<br />

Programa <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas para <strong>el</strong> Medio Ambiente<br />

(PNUMA) y <strong>de</strong> la Base <strong>de</strong> Datos <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas e Indicadores<br />

<strong>de</strong>l Medio Ambiente (BADEIMA) <strong>de</strong> la División <strong>de</strong> Estadística<br />

y Proyecciones Económicas <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL.<br />

Estas series permiten mostrar la ten<strong>de</strong>ncia y posibles<br />

infl uencias <strong>de</strong> estos factores en <strong>el</strong> medio ambiente urbano<br />

en general y la contaminación atmosférica en particular.<br />

Parque automotor. Correspon<strong>de</strong> a todos los vehículos<br />

inscritos (matriculados) que existen en un año, menos las bajas<br />

producidas (vehículos sacados <strong>de</strong> circulación). Se incluyen<br />

automóviles (sedán, jeep, station, entre otros), camiones,<br />

camionetas, furgonetas, autobuses y motos. También se conoce<br />

con los nombres <strong>de</strong> parque vehicular y parque <strong>de</strong> vehículos.<br />

A<strong>de</strong>más <strong>de</strong>l tamaño <strong>de</strong>l parque automotor, se presentan<br />

las tasas <strong>de</strong> variación anual <strong>de</strong>l parque, que correspon<strong>de</strong>n<br />

a la variación porcentual <strong>de</strong>l tamaño <strong>de</strong>l parque automotor<br />

<strong>de</strong> un año a otro.<br />

Longitud <strong>de</strong> la red <strong>de</strong> carreteras. Correspon<strong>de</strong> a la longitud<br />

total <strong>de</strong> las distintas carreteras interurbanas <strong>de</strong> un país.<br />

Red ferroviaria. La red ferroviaria compren<strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong> conjunto<br />

<strong>de</strong> espacios e infraestructuras, <strong>de</strong> superfi cie o subterráneos,<br />

reservados al funcionamiento <strong>de</strong>l ferrocarril como medio <strong>de</strong><br />

transporte <strong>de</strong> personas y mercancías. La red ferroviaria compren<strong>de</strong><br />

la zona <strong>de</strong> vías, constituida por los terrenos ocupados por las<br />

vías y sus instalaciones complementarias; la zona ferroviaria,<br />

constituida por los talleres, mu<strong>el</strong>les, almacenes y, en general,<br />

cualquier instalación directamente r<strong>el</strong>acionada con <strong>el</strong> movimiento<br />

<strong>de</strong>l ferrocarril, y la zona <strong>de</strong> servicio ferroviario, constituida por<br />

los an<strong>de</strong>nes y estaciones que permiten la utilización <strong>de</strong>l servicio<br />

a los ciudadanos y ciudadanas.<br />

Trafi co aéreo: pasajeros-kilómetros. Correspon<strong>de</strong> a la<br />

suma <strong>de</strong> los productos obtenidos al multiplicar <strong>el</strong> número<br />

<strong>de</strong> pasajeros transportados en cada etapa <strong>de</strong> vu<strong>el</strong>o por la<br />

on data from United Nations agencies, non-governmental<br />

organizations, insurance companies, research institutes, the<br />

press and other sources.<br />

To obtain subregional and regional totals, whenever a<br />

country did not have information available for a given year,<br />

the number was consi<strong>de</strong>red to be equal to zero.<br />

3.8 Transport and infrastructure<br />

The information presented in this section contains information<br />

from the Latin American Railways Association (ALAF), the<br />

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), the United<br />

Nations Environment Programme GEO Data Portal and the<br />

Database of Environmental Statistics and Indicators for Latin<br />

America and the Caribbean (BADEIMA) of the ECLAC<br />

Statistics and Economic Projections Division.<br />

These series show the trend and possible infl uence<br />

of these factors on the urban environment as a whole and<br />

atmospheric pollution in particular.<br />

Vehicle fl eet. This refers to all registered vehicles<br />

existing in a given year less the reductions that have<br />

occurred (vehicles removed from circulation). It inclu<strong>de</strong>s<br />

cars (sedans, jeeps, station wagons, etc.), lorries, pickup<br />

trucks, vans, buses and motorbikes. Also referred to as<br />

vehicle stock.<br />

In addition to the size of the vehicle fl eet, there are<br />

annual rates of variation in the fl eet, which correspond to<br />

the percentage variation in the size of the vehicle fl eet from<br />

one year to the next.<br />

Length of the road network. Total length of a country’s<br />

different inter-city highways.<br />

Rail network. The rail network comprises the set of<br />

surface or un<strong>de</strong>rground areas and infrastructure reserved<br />

for the operation of the railway as a means of transport<br />

of passengers and goods. The rail network comprises the<br />

track zones, consisting of land occupied by tracks and<br />

complementary installations; the railway zone, consisting<br />

of workshops, freight platforms, warehouses and, in<br />

general, any installation directly r<strong>el</strong>ated to the movement<br />

of the railway; and the rail service zone, consisting of<br />

the platforms and stations that enable the public to use<br />

the service.<br />

Air traffi c, passengers-kilometres. Corresponds to the<br />

sum of the products obtained by multiplying the number of<br />

passengers transported in each stage of a fl ight by the length


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 417<br />

longitud <strong>de</strong> la etapa; la cifra resultante es igual al número<br />

<strong>de</strong> kilómetros recorridos por los pasajeros.<br />

Trafi co aéreo, en kilómetros volados. Es la suma <strong>de</strong> los<br />

productos obtenidos al multiplicar <strong>el</strong> número <strong>de</strong> vu<strong>el</strong>os efectuados<br />

en cada etapa <strong>de</strong> vu<strong>el</strong>o por la longitud <strong>de</strong> la etapa.<br />

Trafi co aéreo: ton<strong>el</strong>adas <strong>de</strong> carga-kilómetros. Correspon<strong>de</strong><br />

a la suma <strong>de</strong> los productos obtenidos al multiplicar <strong>el</strong> número<br />

<strong>de</strong> ton<strong>el</strong>adas <strong>de</strong> carga transportadas en cada etapa <strong>de</strong> vu<strong>el</strong>o<br />

por la longitud <strong>de</strong> la etapa.<br />

<br />

3.9 Gestión medioambiental<br />

En esta sección se presentan estadísticas <strong>el</strong>aboradas por<br />

la Organización Internacional <strong>de</strong> Normalización (ISO),<br />

y la División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones Económicas<br />

<strong>de</strong> la CEPAL, así como información sobre las principales<br />

convenciones ambientales internacionales disponibles en<br />

sus sitios web.<br />

Empresas certifi cadas ISO 14.001. La norma internacional<br />

ISO 14.001 es parte <strong>de</strong> la familia ISO 14.000. En esta norma<br />

se plantea que cualquier empresa, sea cual sea su actividad,<br />

tamaño o país <strong>de</strong> operación, pue<strong>de</strong> realizar una gestión<br />

ambientalmente responsable mediante la puesta en práctica <strong>de</strong><br />

un sistema <strong>de</strong> gestión ambiental, sobre la base <strong>de</strong>l cumplimiento<br />

<strong>de</strong> la legislación nacional y <strong>el</strong> mejoramiento continuo <strong>de</strong> su<br />

<strong>de</strong>sempeño. Su aplicación a<strong>de</strong>cuada permite obtener esta<br />

certifi cación ambiental reconocida internacionalmente.<br />

Las compañías que reciben la certifi cación ISO 14.001<br />

lo hacen respecto <strong>de</strong> su propio sistema <strong>de</strong> gestión ambiental,<br />

mediante la realización <strong>de</strong> auditorías ambientales diseñadas<br />

para evaluar <strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong>sempeño ambiental <strong>de</strong> la empresa.<br />

Se presenta información sobre <strong>el</strong> número <strong>de</strong> empresas<br />

certifi cadas con ISO 14.001 y <strong>el</strong> cociente entre <strong>el</strong> número<br />

<strong>de</strong> empresas certifi cadas y <strong>el</strong> producto interno bruto (PIB)<br />

en dólares constantes <strong>de</strong>l año 2000. Este indicador se utiliza<br />

para poner <strong>el</strong> número absoluto <strong>de</strong> certifi caciones en r<strong>el</strong>ación<br />

con <strong>el</strong> tamaño <strong>de</strong>l país en cuestión, en este caso con <strong>el</strong> tamaño<br />

<strong>de</strong> cada economía, a falta <strong>de</strong> estadísticas sobre <strong>el</strong> universo<br />

r<strong>el</strong>evante, o sea, <strong>el</strong> número <strong>de</strong> empresas signifi cativas por<br />

sector económico o su facturación anual.<br />

Participación en convenciones ambientales internacionales.<br />

Las convenciones ambientales internacionales correspon<strong>de</strong>n<br />

a la búsqueda <strong>de</strong> respuestas <strong>de</strong> política a los principales<br />

problemas ambientales que tienen efectos a escala global.<br />

of that stage; the resulting fi gure is equal to the number of<br />

kilometres trav<strong>el</strong>led by the passengers.<br />

Air traffi c, kilometres fl own. The sum of the product<br />

obtained by multiplying the number of fl ights ma<strong>de</strong> in each<br />

stage of a fl ight by the length of the stage.<br />

Air traffi c, tons-cargo kilometres. This is the sum of<br />

the products obtained by multiplying the number of tons of<br />

cargo transported in each stage of a fl ight by the length of<br />

the stage.<br />

3.9 Environmental management<br />

This section presents statistics prepared by the International<br />

Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the ECLAC<br />

Statistics and Economic Projections Division as w<strong>el</strong>l<br />

as information on the main international environmental<br />

conventions available on their websites.<br />

Companies with ISO 14001 certifi cation. The international<br />

standard ISO 14001 is part of the ISO 14000 family. This<br />

rule states that any company, irrespective of its activity,<br />

size or country of operation, can practise environmentally<br />

responsible management through implementation of an<br />

environmental management system on the basis of fulfi lment<br />

of national legislation and the continuous improvement of its<br />

performance. This internationally recognized environmental<br />

certifi cation can be obtained with proper implementation.<br />

The companies that receive ISO 14001 certifi cation<br />

have received it for their own environmental management<br />

system through the holding of environmental audits <strong>de</strong>signed<br />

to assess their environmental performance.<br />

Information is presented on the number of companies<br />

with ISO14001 certifi cation and the ratio of the number<br />

of certifi ed companies to gross domestic product (GDP)<br />

in constant 2000 dollars This indicator is used to show the<br />

absolute number of certifi cations in r<strong>el</strong>ation to the size of the<br />

country in question, in this instance, in accordance with the<br />

size of each economy, based on the lack of statistics on the<br />

r<strong>el</strong>evant universe, in other words, the number of important<br />

companies per economic sector or their annual turnover.<br />

Participation in international environmental conventions.<br />

The international environmental conventions represent<br />

attempts to provi<strong>de</strong> policy responses to the main environmental<br />

problems that have an impact at the global lev<strong>el</strong>.


418 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

El término tratado correspon<strong>de</strong> a una expresión genérica,<br />

que abarca todos los instrumentos vinculantes con arreglo<br />

al <strong>de</strong>recho internacional, cualquiera sea su <strong>de</strong>signación<br />

formal, concertados entre dos o más personas jurídicas<br />

internacionales. En la Convención <strong>de</strong> Viena sobre <strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong>recho<br />

<strong>de</strong> los tratados se <strong>de</strong>fi ne un tratado como “un acuerdo<br />

internacional c<strong>el</strong>ebrado por escrito entre Estados y regido<br />

por <strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong>recho internacional, ya conste en un instrumento<br />

único o en dos o más instrumentos conexos y cualquiera<br />

que sea su <strong>de</strong>nominación particular”. No existe una norma<br />

internacional respecto a cuándo un acuerdo internacional<br />

<strong>de</strong>be <strong>de</strong>nominarse tratado o convención. Sin embargo, <strong>el</strong><br />

término convención se utiliza generalmente para los tratados<br />

multilaterales formales con un amplio número <strong>de</strong> partes.<br />

Los Estados pue<strong>de</strong>n convertirse en parte en una convención<br />

o tratado por medio <strong>de</strong> los siguientes modos:<br />

Ratifi cación, aceptación o aprobación. La primera<br />

acción para a convertirse en parte en una convención es<br />

su fi rma. Por este medio, un Estado indica su intención <strong>de</strong><br />

tomar las medidas a<strong>de</strong>cuadas para expresar su consentimiento<br />

<strong>de</strong> adquirir las obligaciones jurídicas emanadas <strong>de</strong> la<br />

convención en <strong>el</strong> futuro, mediante su ratifi cación, aceptación<br />

o aprobación. Esto conce<strong>de</strong> a los Estados <strong>el</strong> tiempo necesario<br />

para incorporar la convención en <strong>el</strong> plano nacional y para<br />

promulgar la legislación que se requiere para su aplicación<br />

interna. Una vez que <strong>el</strong> Estado ha ratifi cado, aceptado u<br />

aprobado una convención en <strong>el</strong> plano internacional, adquiere<br />

obligaciones jurídicas y <strong>de</strong>be, por lo tanto, aplicar esa<br />

convención nacionalmente.<br />

Adhesión. La adhesión es <strong>el</strong> acto por <strong>el</strong> cual un Estado que<br />

no ha fi rmado una convención expresa su consentimiento <strong>de</strong> llegar<br />

a ser parte <strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong>la <strong>de</strong>positando “un instrumento <strong>de</strong> adhesión”. La<br />

adhesión tiene los mismos efectos jurídicos que la ratifi cación,<br />

la aceptación o la aprobación. La emplean generalmente los<br />

Estados que <strong>de</strong>sean expresar su consentimiento en obligarse por<br />

una convención cuando ha concluido <strong>el</strong> plazo para la fi rma. Por<br />

ejemplo, muchas convenciones ambientales están abiertas a la<br />

adhesión <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> <strong>el</strong> día siguiente a la fecha <strong>de</strong> cierre <strong>de</strong>l período<br />

<strong>de</strong> fi rma, como se establece en <strong>el</strong> párrafo 1 <strong>de</strong>l artículo 24 <strong>de</strong>l<br />

Protocolo <strong>de</strong> Kyoto <strong>de</strong> la Convención Marco <strong>de</strong> las Naciones<br />

Unidas sobre <strong>el</strong> Cambio Climático, <strong>de</strong> 1997, entre otras.<br />

La entrada en vigor <strong>de</strong> una convención es <strong>el</strong> momento en<br />

que la convención se convierte en jurídicamente vinculante<br />

para las partes.<br />

Las convenciones sobre las que se presenta información<br />

son las siguientes:<br />

Convenio <strong>de</strong> Basilea sobre <strong>el</strong> control <strong>de</strong> los movimientos<br />

transfronterizos <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>sechos p<strong>el</strong>igrosos y su<br />

<strong>el</strong>iminación: su propósito es reducir <strong>el</strong> movimiento<br />

transfronterizo <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>sechos p<strong>el</strong>igrosos y su <strong>el</strong>iminación,<br />

en una forma que sea coherente con un manejo efi ciente<br />

y ambientalmente a<strong>de</strong>cuado <strong>de</strong> dichos <strong>de</strong>sechos. Este<br />

The term “treaty” is a generic term that encompasses<br />

all the binding instruments un<strong>de</strong>r international law, whatever<br />

their formal <strong>de</strong>signation, signed by two or more international<br />

legal persons. The Vienna Convention <strong>de</strong>fi nes a treaty as<br />

“an international agreement conclu<strong>de</strong>d between States in<br />

written form and governed by international law, whether<br />

embodied in a single instrument or in two or more r<strong>el</strong>ated<br />

instruments and whatever its particular <strong>de</strong>signation”. There<br />

is no international rule as to when an international agreement<br />

should be <strong>de</strong>signated a treaty or a convention. However, the<br />

term “convention” is usually used for formal multilateral<br />

treaties involving a large number of parties.<br />

States may become parties to a convention or treaty<br />

through the following means:<br />

Ratifi cation, acceptance or approval. The fi rst step<br />

towards becoming a party to a convention is the signing<br />

of the convention, whereby a State indicates its intention<br />

to take the necessary measures to express its consent to<br />

assume the legal obligations arising from the convention at<br />

a later date, through various means: ratifi cation, acceptance<br />

or approval. This gives States the time to incorporate the<br />

convention at the national lev<strong>el</strong> and to promulgate the<br />

necessary national legislation for its implementation at<br />

the domestic lev<strong>el</strong>. Once the State has ratifi ed, accepted or<br />

approved a convention at the international lev<strong>el</strong>, it assumes<br />

legal obligations and must then implement the convention<br />

at the national lev<strong>el</strong>.<br />

Accession. Accession is the act whereby a State that has<br />

not signed a convention expresses its consent to become part<br />

of it by <strong>de</strong>positing an “instrument of accession”. Accession<br />

has the same legal effects as ratifi cation, acceptance or<br />

approval. Accession is usually used by States which wish to<br />

express their consent to be bound by a convention when the<br />

<strong>de</strong>adline for signature has already passed. For example, many<br />

environmental conventions are open for accession from the<br />

day following the date of closure of the period of signature,<br />

for example, as established in article 24, paragraph 1 of<br />

the Kyoto Protocol to the 1997 United Nations Framework<br />

Convention on Climate Change.<br />

The entry into force of a convention is the date on which<br />

the convention becomes legally binding on the parties.<br />

The conventions for which information is presented are<br />

the following:<br />

<br />

The Bas<strong>el</strong> Convention on the Control of Transboundary<br />

Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal:<br />

its objective is to reduce the transboundary movement<br />

of hazardous wastes and their disposal in a way<br />

consistent with effi cient and environmentally sound<br />

management of such wastes. This Convention was


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 419<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

Convenio se <strong>de</strong>sarrolló con los auspicios <strong>de</strong>l Programa <strong>de</strong><br />

las Naciones Unidas para <strong>el</strong> Medio Ambiente (PNUMA).<br />

Entró en vigor en 1992.<br />

Convenio sobre la Diversidad Biológica: su fi n es<br />

fomentar <strong>el</strong> uso sostenible <strong>de</strong> los componentes <strong>de</strong><br />

la biodiversidad y una distribución equitativa <strong>de</strong><br />

los benefi cios generados por la utilización <strong>de</strong> los<br />

recursos genéticos. Entró en vigor <strong>el</strong> 29 <strong>de</strong> diciembre<br />

<strong>de</strong> 1993.<br />

Convención sobre <strong>el</strong> Comercio Internacional <strong>de</strong> Especies<br />

Amenazadas <strong>de</strong> Fauna y Flora Silvestres: su propósito es<br />

proteger ciertas especies en p<strong>el</strong>igro <strong>de</strong> sobreexplotación<br />

<strong>de</strong>bido al sistema <strong>de</strong> comercio internacional (importación<br />

y exportación).<br />

Protocolo <strong>de</strong> Kyoto <strong>de</strong> la Convención Marco <strong>de</strong> las<br />

Naciones Unidas sobre <strong>el</strong> Cambio Climático: establece<br />

compromisos que fijan objetivos cuantificados y<br />

programados en <strong>el</strong> tiempo <strong>de</strong> reducción <strong>de</strong> emisiones<br />

<strong>de</strong> gases <strong>de</strong> efecto inverna<strong>de</strong>ro. Entró en vigor <strong>el</strong> 16 <strong>de</strong><br />

febrero <strong>de</strong> 2005.<br />

Convención sobre la conservación <strong>de</strong> las especies<br />

migratorias <strong>de</strong> animales silvestres: su fi n es proteger a<br />

las especies <strong>de</strong> animales salvajes que migran a través<br />

<strong>de</strong> los límites nacionales.<br />

Convención <strong>de</strong> Ramsar r<strong>el</strong>ativa a los humedales<br />

<strong>de</strong> importancia internacional, especialmente como<br />

hábitat <strong>de</strong> aves acuáticas: está orientada a <strong>de</strong>tener la<br />

progresiva ocupación y <strong>de</strong>saparición <strong>de</strong> los humedales,<br />

en la actualidad y en <strong>el</strong> futuro, reconociendo sus<br />

fundamentales funciones ecológicas y su valor<br />

económico, cultural, científi co y recreativo.<br />

Convenio <strong>de</strong> Rotterdam sobre <strong>el</strong> procedimiento <strong>de</strong>l<br />

consentimiento fundamentado previo aplicado a<br />

ciertos plaguicidas y productos p<strong>el</strong>igrosos objeto <strong>de</strong><br />

comercio internacional: su propósito es fomentar la<br />

responsabilidad compartida y los esfuerzos conjuntos<br />

en la esfera <strong>de</strong>l comercio internacional <strong>de</strong> ciertos<br />

compuestos químicos p<strong>el</strong>igroso y plaguicidas, a fi n<br />

<strong>de</strong> proteger la vida humana y <strong>el</strong> medio ambiente.<br />

Convenio <strong>de</strong> Estocolmo sobre contaminantes<br />

orgánicos persistentes: teniendo presente <strong>el</strong> principio<br />

<strong>de</strong> precaución, consagrado en <strong>el</strong> principio 15 <strong>de</strong> la<br />

Declaración <strong>de</strong> Río sobre <strong>el</strong> Medio Ambiente y <strong>el</strong><br />

Desarrollo, <strong>el</strong> objetivo <strong>de</strong>l Convenio <strong>de</strong> Estocolmo es<br />

proteger la salud humana y <strong>el</strong> medio ambiente frente<br />

a los contaminantes orgánicos persistentes. Entró en<br />

vigor <strong>el</strong> 17 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2004.<br />

Convención <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas sobre <strong>el</strong> Derecho<br />

<strong>de</strong>l Mar: está orientada a establecer un nuevo régimen<br />

jurídico para los mares y océanos que facilite las<br />

comunicaciones y fomente <strong>el</strong> uso con fi nes pacífi cos<br />

<strong>de</strong> los mares y océanos y la utilización equitativa y<br />

efi ciente <strong>de</strong> sus recursos.<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<strong>de</strong>v<strong>el</strong>oped un<strong>de</strong>r the auspices of the United Nations<br />

Environment Programme (UNEP). It entered into<br />

force in 1992.<br />

The United Nations Convention on Biological<br />

Diversity: its objective is to promote the sustainable<br />

use of the components of biodiversity and to foster<br />

the equitable distribution of the benefi ts generated by<br />

the use of genetic resources. It entered into force on<br />

29 December 1993.<br />

The Convention on the International Tra<strong>de</strong> in<br />

Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora: its<br />

objective is to protect certain species that are in<br />

danger of over-exploitation as a result of the system<br />

of international tra<strong>de</strong> (import-export).<br />

The Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework<br />

Convention on Climate Change: this instrument<br />

establishes commitments that set quantifi ed and<br />

scheduled objectives for reducing greenhouse gases.<br />

It entered into force on 16 February 2005.<br />

The Convention on the Conservation of Migratory<br />

Species of Wild Animals: its objective is to protect<br />

those species of wild animals that migrate across<br />

national boundaries.<br />

The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International<br />

Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat: its<br />

objective is to halt the progressive occupation and<br />

disappearance of wetlands at present and in the<br />

future, recognizing their fundamental ecological<br />

functions and their economic, cultural, scientifi c and<br />

recreational value.<br />

The Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed<br />

Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals<br />

and Pestici<strong>de</strong>s in International Tra<strong>de</strong>: its objective is<br />

to promote shared responsibility and joint efforts in<br />

the sphere of international tra<strong>de</strong> for certain hazardous<br />

chemical compounds and pestici<strong>de</strong>s in or<strong>de</strong>r to<br />

protect human life and the environment.<br />

The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic<br />

Pollutants: bearing in mind the precautionary principle<br />

enshrined in principle 15 of the Rio Declaration, the<br />

objective of the Stockholm Convention is to protect<br />

human life and the environment against persistent<br />

organic pollutants. It entered into force on 17 May<br />

2004.<br />

The United Nations Convention on the Law of the<br />

Sea seeks to establish a new legal regime for seas<br />

and oceans which facilitates communications and<br />

promotes the use of seas and oceans for peaceful<br />

purposes and the equitable and effi cient use of<br />

their resources.


420 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

Convención <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas <strong>de</strong> Lucha contra<br />

la Desertifi cación: tiene como objetivo combatir la<br />

<strong>de</strong>sertifi cación y mitigar los efectos <strong>de</strong> la sequía en<br />

los países afectados. Entró en vigor <strong>el</strong> 26 <strong>de</strong> diciembre<br />

<strong>de</strong> 1996.<br />

Convención Marco <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas<br />

sobre Cambio Climático: su fi n es estabilizar las<br />

concentraciones <strong>de</strong> los gases <strong>de</strong> efecto inverna<strong>de</strong>ro<br />

en la atmósfera a un niv<strong>el</strong> que evite interferencias<br />

antrópicas p<strong>el</strong>igrosas en <strong>el</strong> sistema climático. Entro<br />

en vigor en 1994.<br />

Protocolo <strong>de</strong> Montreal r<strong>el</strong>ativo a las sustancias que<br />

agotan la capa <strong>de</strong> ozono: <strong>de</strong>stinado a proteger la<br />

capa <strong>de</strong> ozono tomando medidas precautorias para<br />

controlar las emisiones globales <strong>de</strong> las sustancias que<br />

provocan su disminución.<br />

Convenio para la protección <strong>de</strong>l patrimonio mundial,<br />

cultural y natural: orientado a fomentar la i<strong>de</strong>ntifi cación,<br />

protección y preservación <strong>de</strong>l patrimonio cultural y<br />

natural <strong>de</strong> todo <strong>el</strong> mundo, consi<strong>de</strong>rado valioso para<br />

la humanidad. Este Convenio fue impulsado por la<br />

Organización <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas para la Educación,<br />

la Ciencia y la Cultura (UNESCO).<br />

Protocolo <strong>de</strong> Cartagena sobre Seguridad <strong>de</strong> la Biotecnología<br />

<strong>de</strong>l Convenio sobre la Diversidad Biológica: tiene como<br />

propósito contribuir a garantizar un niv<strong>el</strong> a<strong>de</strong>cuado <strong>de</strong><br />

protección en la esfera <strong>de</strong> la transferencia, manipulación<br />

y utilización segura <strong>de</strong> los organismos vivos modifi cados<br />

resultantes <strong>de</strong> la biotecnología mo<strong>de</strong>rna (organismos<br />

genéticamente modifi cados) que puedan tener efectos<br />

adversos en la conservación y la utilización sostenible <strong>de</strong><br />

la diversidad biológica, teniendo también en cuenta los<br />

riesgos para la salud humana y centrándose concretamente<br />

en los movimientos transfronterizos.<br />

Convenio <strong>de</strong> Viena para la protección <strong>de</strong> la capa <strong>de</strong><br />

ozono: su fi n es proteger la salud humana y <strong>el</strong> medio<br />

ambiente <strong>de</strong> los efectos negativos producidos por las<br />

modifi caciones <strong>de</strong> la capa <strong>de</strong> ozono.<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

The United Nations Convention to Combat<br />

Desertifi cation: it seeks to combat <strong>de</strong>sertifi cation and<br />

mitigate the effects of drought in affected countries.<br />

It entered into force on 26 December 1996.<br />

The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate<br />

Change: its objective is to achieve, stabilization of<br />

greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at<br />

a lev<strong>el</strong> that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic<br />

interference with the climate system. It entered into<br />

force in 1994.<br />

The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete<br />

the Ozone Layer: its objective is to protect the<br />

ozone layer by taking precautionary measures to<br />

control global emissions of the substances that<br />

cause its <strong>de</strong>pletion.<br />

The Convention Concerning the Protection of the World<br />

Cultural and Natural Heritage seeks to promote the<br />

i<strong>de</strong>ntifi cation, protection and preservation of cultural<br />

and natural heritage throughout the world, consi<strong>de</strong>red<br />

of value for humanity. This Convention was promoted<br />

by the United Nations Educational, Scientifi c and<br />

Cultural Organization (UNESCO).<br />

The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention<br />

on Biological diversity: this Protocol seeks to h<strong>el</strong>p<br />

to guarantee an appropriate lev<strong>el</strong> of protection for<br />

the transfer, manipulation and safe use of modifi ed<br />

living organisms resulting from mo<strong>de</strong>rn biotechnology<br />

(genetically modifi ed organisms (GMOs), which can<br />

have adverse effects on the conservation and sustainable<br />

use of biological diversity, bearing in mind also the<br />

risks for human health and focusing specifi cally on<br />

transboundary movements.<br />

The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the<br />

Ozone Layer: its objective is to protect human health<br />

and the environment against the negative effects of<br />

modifi cations in the ozone layer.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 421<br />

<br />

Fuentes / Sources


422 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 423<br />

1. Estadísticas sociales / Social statistics<br />

<br />

1.1 Población / Population<br />

Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeño <strong>de</strong> Demografía (CELADE) - División <strong>de</strong> Población <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL/Latin American and<br />

Caribbean Demographic Centre (CELADE) - Population Division of ECLAC:<br />

El envejecimiento <strong>de</strong> la población 1950-2050, Boletín <strong>de</strong>mográfi co, N° 72 (LC/G.2211-P), Santiago <strong>de</strong> Chile, julio <strong>de</strong><br />

2003/Population ageing 1950-2050, Demographic Bulletin, No. 72 (LC/G.2211-P), Santiago, Chile, July 2003.<br />

Estimaciones <strong>de</strong> población por sexo y grupos <strong>de</strong> edad. Base <strong>de</strong> datos <strong>de</strong>l Boletín <strong>de</strong>mográfi co, N o 73 (LC/G.2225-P),<br />

Santiago <strong>de</strong> Chile, enero <strong>de</strong> 2004/Population estimates by sex and age groups. Database of the DemographicBbulletin,<br />

No. 73 (LC/G.2225-P), Santiago, Chile, January 2004.<br />

Tablas <strong>de</strong> mortalidad 1950-2025. Base <strong>de</strong> datos <strong>de</strong>l Boletín <strong>de</strong>mográfi co, N° 74 (LC/G.2257-P), Santiago <strong>de</strong> Chile, julio<br />

<strong>de</strong> 2004/Life Tables 1950-2025. Database of Demographic Bulletin, No. 74 (LC/G.2257-P), Santiago, Chile, July 2004.<br />

Urbanización y evolución <strong>de</strong> la población urbana. Base <strong>de</strong> datos <strong>de</strong>l Boletín <strong>de</strong>mográfi co, N o 75 (LC/G.2286-P),<br />

Santiago <strong>de</strong> Chile, enero <strong>de</strong> 2005/Urbanization and urban population trends. Database of Demographic Bulletin, No.<br />

75 (LC/G.2286-P), Santiago, Chile, January 2005.<br />

Proyecciones <strong>de</strong> población urbana y rural 1970-2025. Base <strong>de</strong> datos <strong>de</strong> Boletín <strong>de</strong>mográfi co, N° 76 (LC/G.2280-P),<br />

Santiago <strong>de</strong> Chile, julio <strong>de</strong> 2005/Urban and rural population projections, 1970-2025. Database of the Demographic<br />

Bulletin, No. 76 (LC/G.2280-P), Santiago, Chile, July 2005.<br />

Comisión Económica para <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe (CEPAL), División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones Económicas,<br />

Unidad <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas Sociales, sobre la base <strong>de</strong> tabulaciones especiales <strong>de</strong> encuestas <strong>de</strong> hogares <strong>de</strong> los respectivos<br />

países/Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), Statistics and Economic Projections<br />

Division, Social Statistics Unit, on the basis of special tabulations of data from household surveys conducted in the<br />

respective countries.<br />

División <strong>de</strong> Población <strong>de</strong> Naciones Unidas/United Nations Population Division: Panorama <strong>de</strong> la población mundial: revisión<br />

2004. Base <strong>de</strong> datos <strong>de</strong> población/World Population Prospects: The 2004 Revision. Population Database.<br />

Panorama <strong>de</strong> urbanización mundial. Revisión 2003. Base <strong>de</strong> datos/World Urbanization Prospects: The 2003 Revision.<br />

Population Database.


424 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.2 Trabajo / Labour<br />

Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeño <strong>de</strong> Demografía (CELADE) - División <strong>de</strong> Población <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL/Latin American and<br />

Caribbean Demographic Centre (CELADE) - Population Division of ECLAC: Población económicamente activa 1980-2025.<br />

Base <strong>de</strong> datos <strong>de</strong>l Boletín <strong>de</strong>mográfi co, Nº 64 (LC/G.2059-P), Santiago <strong>de</strong> Chile, julio <strong>de</strong> 1999/Economically active<br />

population. Database of the Demographic Bulletin, No. 64 (LC/G.2059-P), Santiago, Chile, July 1999.<br />

Comisión Económica para <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe (CEPAL), División <strong>de</strong> Desarrollo Económico/Economic Commission<br />

for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), Economic Dev<strong>el</strong>opment Division, Cifras sobre la base <strong>de</strong> datos ofi ciales<br />

nacionales proporcionados por las ofi cinas nacionales <strong>de</strong> estadísticas <strong>de</strong> los países/ Figures on the basis of offi cial<br />

national data provi<strong>de</strong>d by the national statistical offi ces of the countries.<br />

Comisión Económica para <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe (CEPAL)/Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean<br />

(ECLAC), Objetivos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sarrollo <strong>de</strong>l Milenio: una mirada <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe (LC/G.2331-P), Santiago <strong>de</strong><br />

Chile, junio <strong>de</strong> 2005/The Millennium Dev<strong>el</strong>opment Goals: A Latin American and Caribbean Perspective (LC/G.2331-P),<br />

Santiago, Chile, June 2005.<br />

Comisión Económica para <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe (CEPAL), División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones Económicas,<br />

Unidad <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas Sociales, sobre la base <strong>de</strong> tabulaciones especiales <strong>de</strong> encuestas <strong>de</strong> hogares <strong>de</strong> los respectivos<br />

países/Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), Statistics and Economic Projections<br />

Division, Social Statistics Unit, on the basis of special tabulations of data from household surveys conducted in the<br />

respective countries.<br />

Naciones Unidas, División <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas/United NationsStatistics Division: Base <strong>de</strong> datos <strong>de</strong> indicadores <strong>de</strong> los objetivos<br />

<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sarrollo <strong>de</strong>l Milenio/Millennium Indicators Database.<br />

1.3 Educación / Education<br />

Comisión Económica para <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe (CEPAL), División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones Económicas,<br />

Unidad <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas Sociales, sobre la base <strong>de</strong> tabulaciones especiales <strong>de</strong> encuestas <strong>de</strong> hogares <strong>de</strong> los respectivos<br />

países/Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), Statistics and Economic Projections<br />

Division, Social Statistics Unit, on the basis of special tabulations of data from household surveys conducted in the<br />

respective countries.<br />

Instituto <strong>de</strong> Estadística <strong>de</strong> la Organización <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura (UNESCO)/<br />

United Nations Educational, Scientifi c and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), Institute for Statistics.<br />

1.4 Salud / Health<br />

A. Fuentes generales / General sources<br />

Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeño <strong>de</strong> Demografía (CELADE) - División <strong>de</strong> Población <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL/Latin American and<br />

Caribbean Demographic Centre (CELADE) - Population Division of ECLAC. Estimaciones <strong>de</strong> población por sexo<br />

y grupos <strong>de</strong> edad. Base <strong>de</strong> datos <strong>de</strong>l Boletín <strong>de</strong>mográfi co, N o 73 (LC/G.2225-P), Santiago <strong>de</strong> Chile, enero <strong>de</strong> 2004/<br />

Population estimates by sex and age groups. Database of the Demographic Bulletin, No. 73 (LC/G.2225-P), Santiago,<br />

Chile, January 2004.<br />

Estado mundial <strong>de</strong> la infancia (serie)/The State of the World’s Children (series).<br />

Fondo <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia (UNICEF)/United Nations Children Fund (UNICEF): Monitoreando la situación<br />

<strong>de</strong> niños y mujeres. Bases <strong>de</strong> datos <strong>de</strong>l fi nal <strong>de</strong> la década. Nutrición infantil/ Monitoring the Situation of Children and<br />

Women. End-<strong>de</strong>ca<strong>de</strong> database. Child nutrition.<br />

Monitoreando la situación <strong>de</strong> niños y mujeres. Atención profesional <strong>de</strong>l parto. Base <strong>de</strong> datos global. Atención por personal<br />

califi cado. Últimos datos disponibles/Monitoring the Situation of Children and Women. D<strong>el</strong>ivery care. Global database.<br />

Skilled attendant at <strong>de</strong>livery. Latest available data.<br />

Naciones Unidas, División <strong>de</strong> Población/United Nations Population Division: Panorama <strong>de</strong> la población mundial: revisión<br />

2004. Base <strong>de</strong> datos <strong>de</strong> población/World Population Prospects: The 2004 Revision. Population Database.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 425<br />

Organización <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación (FAO)/Food and Agriculture Organization of the<br />

United Nations (FAO): Base <strong>de</strong> datos en línea: Estadísticas sobre seguridad alimentaria/Online database: Food Security<br />

Statistics.<br />

Organización Mundial <strong>de</strong> la Salud (OMS)/World Health Organization (WHO): Estimaciones <strong>de</strong> mortalidad materna 1990-1995<br />

y 2000/Maternal Mortality Estimates for 1990-1995 and 2000.<br />

Tablas <strong>de</strong> mortalidad 1950-2025. Base <strong>de</strong> datos <strong>de</strong>l Boletín <strong>de</strong>mográfi co, N° 74 (LC/G.2257-P), Santiago <strong>de</strong> Chile, julio <strong>de</strong><br />

2004/Life Tables 1950-2025. Database of Demographic Bulletin, No. 74 (LC/G.2257-P), Santiago, Chile, July 2004.<br />

B. Fuentes por países / Sources by countries<br />

Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas/Netherlands Antilles: Central Bureau of Statistics. Información por Internet/Information from<br />

Internet, 2004.<br />

Argentina: Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas y Censos, información directa/direct information, 2005.<br />

Aruba: Central Bureau of Statistics, información directa/direct information, 2005.<br />

Bahamas: Government of the Bahamas, Department of Statistics, información directa/direct information, 2005.<br />

Barbados: Barbados Statistical Service, información directa/direct information, 2003.<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice/B<strong>el</strong>ize: Central Statistical Offi ce, información directa/direct information, 2004<br />

Bolivia: Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística, información directa/direct information, 2005<br />

Brasil/Brazil: Instituto Brasileño <strong>de</strong> Geografía y Estadística, información directa/direct information, 2005.<br />

Chile: Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas, información directa/direct information, 2005.<br />

Colombia: Departamento Administrativo Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística, información directa/direct information, 2003.<br />

Costa Rica: Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Censos, información directa/direct information, 2005.<br />

Cuba: Ofi cina Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística, información directa/direct information, 2004.<br />

Dominica: Central Statistical Offi ce, información directa/direct information, 2004.<br />

Ecuador: Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Censos, información directa/direct information, 2003. Información por Internet/<br />

Information from Internet, 2004.<br />

El Salvador: Dirección General <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Censos, información directa/direct information, 2005<br />

Granada/Grenada: Government of Grenada, Central Statistical Offi ce, información directa/direct information, 2005.<br />

Guatemala: Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística, información directa/direct information, 2005<br />

Honduras: Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística, información directa/direct information, 2003.<br />

Jamaica: Statistical Institute of Jamaica, Department of Statistics, información directa/direct information, 2005<br />

México/Mexico: Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística, Geografía e Informática; Dirección General <strong>de</strong> Información en Salud,<br />

Secretaría <strong>de</strong> Salud, información directa/direct information, 2005.<br />

Nicaragua: Ofi cina Estatal <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas y Censos, información directa/direct information, 2003. Información por Internet/<br />

Information from Internet, 2004.<br />

Panamá/Panama: Contraloría General <strong>de</strong> la República, Sección <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas Sociales, información directa/direct<br />

information, 2005.<br />

Paraguay: Dirección General <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas y Censos, información directa/direct information, 2005.<br />

Perú/Peru: Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística e Informática, información directa/direct information, 2005.<br />

Puerto Rico: Ministerio <strong>de</strong> R<strong>el</strong>aciones Exteriores, Secretaría Departamento <strong>de</strong> Estado, información directa/direct<br />

information, 2003.<br />

República Dominicana/Dominican Republic: Oficina Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística, información directa/direct<br />

information, 2005.<br />

Santa Lucía/Saint Lucia: Statistical Department, información directa/direct information, 2003; información por Internet/<br />

information from Internet, 2004.<br />

San Vicente y Las Granadinas/Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: Statistical Office, información directa/direct<br />

information, 2005.<br />

Suriname: General Bureau of Statistics, información directa/direct information, 1999.<br />

Trinidad y Tabago/Trinidad and Tobago: Government of Trinidad and Tobago, Central Statistical Offi ce. Información<br />

directa/direct information 2005.<br />

Uruguay: Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística, información directa/direct information, 2005.<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>)/Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of): Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística, información<br />

directa/direct information, 2005.


426 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

1.5 Vivienda y servicios básicos /<br />

Housing and basic services<br />

Argentina: Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas y Censos, información por Internet/information from Internet, 2005.<br />

Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeño <strong>de</strong> Demografía (CELADE) - División <strong>de</strong> Población <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL/Latin American and<br />

Caribbean Demographic Centre (CELADE) - Population Division of ECLAC: Censos nacionales disponibles para los<br />

años alre<strong>de</strong>dor <strong>de</strong> 1980, 1990 y 2000/National censuses, around 1980, 1990, and 2000.<br />

Comisión Económica para <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe (CEPAL), División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones Económicas,<br />

Unidad <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas Sociales, sobre la base <strong>de</strong> tabulaciones especiales <strong>de</strong> encuestas <strong>de</strong> hogares <strong>de</strong> los respectivos<br />

países/Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), Statistics and Economic Projections<br />

Division, Social Statistics Unit, on the basis of special tabulations of data from household surveys conducted in the<br />

respective countries.<br />

Cuba: Ofi cina Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística, información por Internet/information from Internet, 2005.<br />

Honduras: Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística, información por Internet/information from Internet, 2005.<br />

Organización Mundial <strong>de</strong> la Salud (OMS)/World Health Organization (WHO) - Fondo <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia<br />

(UNICEF)/United Nations Children Fund (UNICEF). Programa Conjunto <strong>de</strong> Monitoreo <strong>de</strong>l Abastecimiento <strong>de</strong> Agua<br />

y <strong>de</strong>l Saneamiento/Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation.<br />

Panamá/Panama: Contraloría General <strong>de</strong> la República, información por Internet/information from Internet, 2005.<br />

1.6 Pobreza y distribución <strong>de</strong>l ingreso /<br />

Poverty and income distribution<br />

Comisión Económica para <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe (CEPAL), División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones Económicas,<br />

Unidad <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas Sociales, sobre la base <strong>de</strong> tabulaciones especiales <strong>de</strong> encuestas <strong>de</strong> hogares <strong>de</strong> los respectivos<br />

países/Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), Statistics and Economic Projections<br />

Division, Social Statistics Unit, on the basis of special tabulations of data from household surveys conducted in the<br />

respective countries.<br />

1.7 Género / Gen<strong>de</strong>r<br />

Comisión Económica para <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe (CEPAL)/Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean<br />

(ECLAC): Objetivos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sarrollo <strong>de</strong>l Milenio: una mirada <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe (LC/G.2331-P), Santiago <strong>de</strong><br />

Chile, junio <strong>de</strong> 2005/The Millennium Dev<strong>el</strong>opment Goals: A Latin American and Caribbean Perspective (LC/G.2331-P),<br />

Santiago, Chile, June 2005.<br />

Comisión Económica para <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe (CEPAL), División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones Económicas,<br />

Unidad <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas Sociales, sobre la base <strong>de</strong> tabulaciones especiales <strong>de</strong> encuestas <strong>de</strong> hogares <strong>de</strong> los respectivos<br />

países/Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), Statistics and Economic Projections<br />

Division, Social Statistics Unit, on the basis of special tabulations of data from household surveys conducted in the<br />

respective countries.<br />

Naciones Unidas, División <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas/United Nations Statistics Division: Base <strong>de</strong> datos <strong>de</strong> indicadores <strong>de</strong> los objetivos<br />

<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sarrollo <strong>de</strong>l Milenio/Millennium Indicators Database.<br />

Unión Interparlamentaria (UIP)/Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU): Datos compilados por UIP sobre la base <strong>de</strong> información proporcionada<br />

por los parlamentos nacionales/Data collected by IPU on the basis of information supplied by national parliaments.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 427<br />

2. Estadísticas económicas<br />

Economic statistics<br />

<br />

2.1 Cuentas nacionales / National accounts<br />

A. Fuentes generales / General sources<br />

Por lo general, los institutos nacionales <strong>de</strong> estadística y los bancos centrales <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe que tienen bajo<br />

su responsabilidad la <strong>el</strong>aboración <strong>de</strong> las cuentas nacionales difun<strong>de</strong>n sus resultados anuales y trimestrales a través <strong>de</strong><br />

sus sitios web, a los que la CEPAL tuvo acceso para obtener las series <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales expresadas en moneda<br />

nacional.<br />

National statistical institutes and central banks in Latin America and the Caribbean which are responsible for preparing<br />

national accounts generally publish their annual and quarterly results on their websites, which ECLAC accessed in<br />

or<strong>de</strong>r to obtain the national accounts series expressed in national currencies.<br />

B. Fuentes por países / Sources by country<br />

Antigua y Barbuda/Antigua and Barbuda: Eastern Caribbean Central Bank, National Accounts Statistics, 2005.<br />

Argentina: Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Economía y Obras y Servicios Públicos, Sistema <strong>de</strong> Cuentas Nacionales <strong>de</strong> Argentina, septiembre<br />

<strong>de</strong> 2005/September 2005.<br />

Barbados: Barbados Statistical Service, mayo <strong>de</strong> 2005/May 2005.<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice/B<strong>el</strong>ize: Central Statistical Offi ce, noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2005/November 2005.<br />

Bolivia: Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística, Sistema <strong>de</strong> Cuentas Nacionales, septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2005/September 2005.<br />

Brasil/Brazil: Instituto Brasileiro <strong>de</strong> Geografía e Estatística (IBGE), Sistema <strong>de</strong> Contas Nacionais, diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2005/<br />

December 2005.<br />

Chile: Banco Central <strong>de</strong> Chile, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>de</strong> cuentas nacionales, 2005.<br />

Colombia: Departamento Administrativo Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística (DANE), noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2005/November 2005.<br />

Costa Rica: Banco Central <strong>de</strong> Costa Rica, Cuentas Nacionales 1991-2003, noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2005/November 2005.<br />

Cuba: Ofi cina Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas (ONE), <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> 2002, septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2004/September 2004.<br />

Dominica: Eastern Caribbean Central Bank, National Accounts Statistics, 2005.


428 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

Ecuador: Banco Central <strong>de</strong>l Ecuador, Cuentas Nacionales 1993-2004. Dólares corrientes y dólares <strong>de</strong> 2000, septiembre <strong>de</strong><br />

2005/September 2005.<br />

El Salvador: Banco Central <strong>de</strong> Reserva <strong>de</strong> El Salvador, diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2005/December 2005.<br />

Granada/Grenada: Eastern Caribbean Central Bank, National Accounts Statistics, 2005.<br />

Guatemala: Banco <strong>de</strong> Guatemala, Boletín <strong>estadístico</strong>, trimestral, septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2005/September 2005.<br />

Guyana: Bank of Guyana, noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2005/November 2005.<br />

Haití/Haiti: Institut haïtien <strong>de</strong> statistique et d’informatique, octubre <strong>de</strong> 2002/October 2002.<br />

Honduras: Banco Central <strong>de</strong> Honduras, Honduras en cifras, 2000-2004, septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2005/September 2005.<br />

Jamaica: The Statistical Institute of Jamaica, noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2005/November 2005.<br />

México/Mexico: Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística, Geografía e Informática (INEGI), Sistema <strong>de</strong> Cuentas Nacionales <strong>de</strong><br />

México, diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2005/December 2005.<br />

Nicaragua: Banco Central <strong>de</strong> Nicaragua, Informe anual, septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2005/September 2005.<br />

Panamá/Panama: Dirección <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Censos, Producto Interno Bruto a precios corrientes y constantes con año base<br />

1996, septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2005/September 2005.<br />

Paraguay: Banco Central <strong>de</strong>l Paraguay, Sistema <strong>de</strong> Cuentas Nacionales <strong>de</strong>l Paraguay 1991-2004, septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2005/<br />

September 2005.<br />

Perú/Peru: Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística e Informática, Sistema <strong>de</strong> Cuentas Nacionales, junio <strong>de</strong> 2005/June 2005.<br />

República Dominicana/Dominican Republic: Banco Central <strong>de</strong> la República Dominicana, Boletín trimestral, septiembre <strong>de</strong><br />

2005/September 2005.<br />

Saint Kitts y Nevis/Saint Kitts and Nevis: Eastern Caribbean Central Bank, National Accounts Statistics, 2005.<br />

San Vicente y las Granadinas/Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: Eastern Caribbean Central Bank, National Accounts<br />

Statistics, 2005.<br />

Santa Lucía/Saint Lucia: Eastern Caribbean Central Bank, National Accounts Statistics, 2005.<br />

Suriname: Algemeen Bureau voor <strong>de</strong> Statistiek, mayo <strong>de</strong> 2005/May 2005.<br />

Trinidad y Tabago/Trinidad and Tobago: Central Statistical Offi ce, noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2005/November 2005.<br />

Uruguay: Banco Central <strong>de</strong>l Uruguay, noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2005/November 2005.<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>)/Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of): Banco Central <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Informe económico<br />

2003, noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2005/November 2005.<br />

2.2 Sector externo / External sector<br />

A. Fuentes generales / General sources<br />

Asociación Latinoamericana <strong>de</strong> Integración (ALADI)/Latin American Integration Association, Estadísticas <strong>de</strong> comercio<br />

exterior/Foreign tra<strong>de</strong> statistics.<br />

Banco Mundial/World Bank, World Debt Tables, External Debt of Dev<strong>el</strong>oping Countries.<br />

Clasifi caciones estadísticas internacionales incorporadas en <strong>el</strong> banco <strong>de</strong> datos <strong>de</strong>l comercio exterior <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong><br />

Caribe <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL; revisión 2. Serie Cua<strong>de</strong>rnos <strong>estadístico</strong>s, Nº 30 (LC/G.2217-P/E), 2004. International statistical<br />

classifi cations inclu<strong>de</strong>d in ECLAC’s Foreign Tra<strong>de</strong> Data Bank for Latin America and the Caribbean (BADECEL), rev.2.<br />

Cua<strong>de</strong>rnos <strong>estadístico</strong>s series, Nº 30 (LC/G.2217-P/E), 2004.<br />

Comisión Económica para <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe (CEPAL), División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones Económicas,<br />

Banco <strong>de</strong> Datos <strong>de</strong>l Comercio Exterior <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe (BADECEL)/Economic Commission for Latin<br />

America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), Statistics and Economic Projections Division, External Tra<strong>de</strong> Data Bank for Latin<br />

America and the Caribbean (BADECEL). Contiene información <strong>de</strong> comercio exterior sobre los países a partir <strong>de</strong>l año<br />

1970, suministrada en soporte <strong>el</strong>ectrónico por la Asociación Latinoamericana <strong>de</strong> Integración (ALADI) y la Secretaría<br />

Permanente <strong>de</strong>l Tratado General <strong>de</strong> Integración Económica Centroamericana (SIECA) y, en algunos casos, por los<br />

propios países. Contains foreign tra<strong>de</strong> information on each of the countries concerned from 1970 on, provi<strong>de</strong>d in digital<br />

form by the Latin American Integration Association (LAIA) and by the Permanent Secretariat of the General Treaty on<br />

Central American Economic Integration (SIECA) and, in some cases, by the countries thems<strong>el</strong>ves. Esta base <strong>de</strong> datos se<br />

completó con información sobre los siguientes países y territorios: Antigua y Barbuda, Antillas Neerlan<strong>de</strong>sas, Bahamas,<br />

Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ice, Dominica, Granada, Guadalupe, Guyana, Haití, Islas Caimán, Islas Vírgenes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos,<br />

Jamaica, Martinica, Montserrat, Panamá, República Dominicana, San Vicente y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía y Trinidad


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 429<br />

y Tabago. The database has also been supplemented with information on the following countries and territories: Antigua<br />

and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, B<strong>el</strong>ize, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Gua<strong>de</strong>loupe,<br />

Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Panama, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the<br />

Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, United States Virgin Islands. La información fue suministrada por los propios países<br />

y por la División <strong>de</strong> Estadística <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas. Information was supplied by the countries in question and by<br />

the United Nations Statistics Division.<br />

Conferencia <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas sobre Comercio y Desarrollo (UNCTAD)/United Nations Conference on Tra<strong>de</strong> and<br />

Dev<strong>el</strong>opment (UNCTAD), Manual <strong>de</strong> estadísticas <strong>de</strong>l comercio internacional/Handbook of International Tra<strong>de</strong> and<br />

Dev<strong>el</strong>opment Statistics, Boletín mensual <strong>de</strong> precios <strong>de</strong> productos básicos/Monthly Commodity Price Bulletin, El transporte<br />

marítimo/Review of Maritime Transport.<br />

Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, National Economic Accounts, Price In<strong>de</strong>xes for Exports and<br />

Imports of Goods and Services by Type of Product, Energy Information Administration, International Petroleum<br />

Information Page<br />

Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI)/International Monetary Fund (IMF), Estadísticas <strong>de</strong> balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos/Balance of<br />

Payments Statistics, Estadísticas fi nancieras internacionales/International Financial Statistics, Direction of Tra<strong>de</strong> Statistics<br />

CD-ROM, noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2005/November 2005.<br />

Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI)/International Monetary Fund (IMF), Manual <strong>de</strong> balanza <strong>de</strong> pagos, quinta edición,<br />

1993/Balance of Payments Manual, fi fth edition, 1993; Balance of Payments Textbook, 1996.<br />

Naciones Unidas/United Nations, International Tra<strong>de</strong> Statistics Yearbook, Commodity Tra<strong>de</strong> Database (COMTRADE)/Boletín<br />

<strong>de</strong> estadísticas mensuales/Monthly Bulletin of Statistics.<br />

Organización <strong>de</strong> Aviación Civil Internacional (OACI), Estadísticas Mundiales <strong>de</strong> Aviación Civil, varios números/International<br />

Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), Civil Aviation Statistics of the World, several issues.<br />

Organización <strong>de</strong> Cooperación y Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE)/Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Dev<strong>el</strong>opment<br />

(OECD), Monthly Statistics of Foreign Tra<strong>de</strong>, OECD Economic Outlook.<br />

Organización <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación (FAO), <strong>Anuario</strong> FAO <strong>de</strong> comercio y Boletín<br />

trimestral FAO <strong>de</strong> estadísticas/Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), FAO Tra<strong>de</strong> Yearbook<br />

and FAO Quarterly Bulletin of Statistics.<br />

Organización <strong>de</strong> Países Exportadores <strong>de</strong> Petróleo (OPEP)/Organization of Petroleum-Exporting Countries (OPEC),<br />

OPEC Bulletin.<br />

Petroleum Int<strong>el</strong>ligence Group, Petroleum Market Int<strong>el</strong>ligence, Nueva York.<br />

Secretaría Permanente <strong>de</strong>l Tratado General <strong>de</strong> Integración Económica Centroamericana (SIECA)/Permanent Secretariat of the<br />

General Treaty on Central American Economic Integration, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> centroamericano <strong>de</strong> comercio exterior.<br />

The Mining Journal Ltd., Mining Journal, Reino Unido/United Kingdom.<br />

B. Fuentes por países / Sources by country<br />

Argentina: Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Censos (INDEC), Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Economía (MECON), información ofi cial<br />

publicada en <strong>el</strong> sitio web/offi cial information published on the website.<br />

Barbados: Statistical Service, Monthly and Quarterly Digest of Statistics and Abstract of Statistics.<br />

Bolivia: Banco Central <strong>de</strong> Bolivia, Boletín Estadístico, información ofi cial publicada en <strong>el</strong> sitio web/offi cial information<br />

published on the website; Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>de</strong> comercio exterior <strong>de</strong> la República.<br />

Brasil/Brazil: Banco Central do Brasil, información ofi cial publicada en <strong>el</strong> sitio web/offi cial information published on the<br />

website; Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>de</strong> comercio exterior.<br />

Chile: Banco Central <strong>de</strong> Chile, información ofi cial publicada en <strong>el</strong> sitio web/offi cial information published on the website;<br />

Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística, Comercio exterior, exportación e importación (publicación annual/yearly publication);<br />

Servicio Nacional <strong>de</strong> Aduanas <strong>de</strong> Chile, Información Primaria <strong>de</strong> Comercio Exterior, mensual/monthly.<br />

Colombia: Banco <strong>de</strong> la República <strong>de</strong> Colombia, información ofi cial publicada en <strong>el</strong> sitio web/offi cial information published<br />

on the website; Departamento Administrativo Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística (DANE), <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>de</strong> comercio exterior; Instituto<br />

Colombiano <strong>de</strong> Comercio Exterior (INCOMEX), Comercio exterior <strong>de</strong> Colombia; Dirección <strong>de</strong> Impuestos y Aduanas<br />

Nacionales, Boletín <strong>de</strong> Comercio Exterior, Importaciones, Exportaciones y Recaudo.<br />

Costa Rica: Banco Central, información ofi cial publicada en <strong>el</strong> sitio web/offi cial information published on the website;<br />

Dirección General <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Censos, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>de</strong> comercio exterior <strong>de</strong> Costa Rica.


430 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

Ecuador: Banco Central <strong>de</strong>l Ecuador, información ofi cial publicada en <strong>el</strong> sitio web/offi cial information published on the<br />

website; Departamento <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas Fiscales, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>de</strong> comercio exterior.<br />

El Salvador: Banco Central <strong>de</strong> Reserva <strong>de</strong> El Salvador, información ofi cial publicada en <strong>el</strong> sitio web/offi cial information<br />

published on the website; Dirección General <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Censos, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> y Avance <strong>estadístico</strong>.<br />

Guatemala: Banco <strong>de</strong> Guatemala, información ofi cial publicada en <strong>el</strong> sitio web/offi cial information published on the website;<br />

Dirección General <strong>de</strong> Estadística, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>de</strong> comercio exterior.<br />

Guyana: Statistical Bureau, Annual Account R<strong>el</strong>ating to External Tra<strong>de</strong>.<br />

Haití/Haiti: Administration générale <strong>de</strong>s douanes, Annuaire du commerce extérieur d’Haïti.<br />

Honduras: Banco Central <strong>de</strong> Honduras, información ofi cial publicada en <strong>el</strong> sitio web/offi cial information published on the<br />

website; Dirección General <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Censos, Comercio exterior <strong>de</strong> Honduras.<br />

Jamaica: Bank of Jamaica, información ofi cial publicada en <strong>el</strong> sitio web/offi cial information published on the website.<br />

México/Mexico: Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística, Geografía e Informática; Secretaría <strong>de</strong> Programación y Presupuesto; Banco<br />

<strong>de</strong> México, información ofi cial publicada en <strong>el</strong> sitio web/offi cial information published on the website.<br />

Nicaragua: Banco Central <strong>de</strong> Nicaragua, información ofi cial publicada en <strong>el</strong> sitio web/offi cial information published on<br />

the website.<br />

Panamá/Panama: Contraloría General <strong>de</strong> la República, Dirección <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Censos, información ofi cial publicada en<br />

<strong>el</strong> sitio web/offi cial information published on the website.<br />

Paraguay: Banco Central <strong>de</strong>l Paraguay, información ofi cial publicada en <strong>el</strong> sitio web/offi cial information published<br />

on the website.<br />

Perú/Peru: Banco Central <strong>de</strong> Reserva <strong>de</strong>l Perú, información ofi cial publicada en <strong>el</strong> sitio web/offi cial information published<br />

on the website; Dirección General <strong>de</strong> Aduanas, Estadística <strong>de</strong>l comercio exterior.<br />

República Dominicana/Dominican Republic: Banco Central <strong>de</strong> la República Dominicana, información ofi cial publicada en<br />

<strong>el</strong> sitio web/offi cial information published on the website; Secretariado Técnico <strong>de</strong> la Presi<strong>de</strong>ncia, Ofi cina Nacional <strong>de</strong><br />

Estadística Dominicana, Comercio exterior.<br />

Trinidad y Tabago/Trinidad and Tobago: Central Bank of Trinidad and Tobago, Central Statistics Offi ce, información ofi cial<br />

publicada en <strong>el</strong> sitio web/offi cial information published on the website.<br />

Uruguay: Banco <strong>de</strong> la República, información ofi cial publicada en <strong>el</strong> sitio web/offi cial information published on the website;<br />

Centro <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas Nacionales y Comercio Internacional <strong>de</strong>l Uruguay (CENCI), Importación-exportación.<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>)/Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of): Banco Central <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, información ofi cial<br />

publicada en <strong>el</strong> sitio web/offi cial information published on the website; Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Energía y Minas, Petróleo y otros<br />

datos <strong>estadístico</strong>s (publicación annual/annual publication).<br />

C. Fuentes estadísticas sobre precios <strong>de</strong> los productos básicos / Statistical sources on commodity prices<br />

Bananas <strong>América</strong> Central y Ecuador, FOB puertos <strong>de</strong> Estados Unidos / Central America and Ecuador,<br />

f.o.b. US ports (C/Lb)<br />

Azúcar / Sugar FOB puertos <strong>de</strong>l Caribe, a gran<strong>el</strong> (Convenio Internacional <strong>de</strong>l Azúcar )<br />

f.o.b., Caribbean ports, bulk basis (I.S.A.) cents/lb.<br />

Camarón / Shrimp: u.s. gulf Fondo Monetario Internacional dólares / ton<strong>el</strong>ada/FMI dollars/lb.<br />

Carne / Beef Australia y Nueva Z<strong>el</strong>anda, precio <strong>de</strong> importación en Estados Unidos, FOB puerto <strong>de</strong><br />

entrada<br />

Australia & N. Zealand, US import price, f.o.b. entry port cents/lb.<br />

Naranjas / Oranges Banco Mundial dólares/ton<strong>el</strong>ada / World Bank dollars/ton<br />

Trigo / Wheat Estados Unidos, hard red winter Nº 2 (ordinario), FOB Golfo <strong>de</strong> México dólares/ton<strong>el</strong>ada<br />

US, No.2, hard red winter (ord.) f.o.b. gulf dollars/ton<br />

Maíz / Maize Estados Unidos, N° 3 amarillo, FOB Golfo <strong>de</strong> México dólares/ton<strong>el</strong>ada<br />

US, No. 3 y<strong>el</strong>low, f.o.b. gulf dollars/ton<br />

Arroz / Rice Tailandés, blanco, 5% quebrantados, FOB Bangkok dólares/ton<strong>el</strong>ada<br />

Thailand, white 5% broken, f.o.b. Bangkok dollars/ton<br />

Café 1 / Coffee 1 Arábicas colombianos suaves, franco mu<strong>el</strong>le Nueva York (Convenio Internacional <strong>de</strong>l Café)<br />

Colombian mild arabicas, ex-dock N.Y. (I.C.A.) cents/lb.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 431<br />

Café 2 / Coffee 2 Arábicas brasileños y otros arábicas, franco mu<strong>el</strong>le Nueva York (Convenio Internacional <strong>de</strong>l Café)<br />

Brazilian and other arabicas, ex-dock N.Y. (I.C.A.) cents/lb.<br />

Té / Tea Kenia, best pekoe fannings 1, precio <strong>de</strong> la subasta <strong>de</strong> Mombasa / Kenya, best pekoe fannings 1,<br />

Mombasa auction price cents/kg<br />

Cacao / Cocoa Promedio <strong>de</strong> las cotizaciones diarias <strong>de</strong>l cacao en grano, Nueva York / Londres, contratos <strong>de</strong><br />

futuros <strong>de</strong> los tres últimos meses / Av. of daily prices, N.Y./London, 3 months futures cents/lb.<br />

Aceite <strong>de</strong> soya / Soybean oil Todos los orígenes, aceite crudo, Holanda FOB franco fábrica dólares/ton<strong>el</strong>ada / Any origin,<br />

cru<strong>de</strong> oil, Dutch f.o.b. ex-mill dollars/ton<br />

Aceite <strong>de</strong> cacahuete Todos los orígenes, CIF Rotterdam dólares/ton<strong>el</strong>ada<br />

Groundnut oil Any origin, c.i.f. Rotterdam dollars/ton<br />

Aceite <strong>de</strong> palma / Palm oil Indonesia, 5% ffa (ácido graso libre), CIF puertos europeos <strong>de</strong>l noroeste dólares/ton<strong>el</strong>ada<br />

Indonesia, 5% ffa, c.i.f. n.w. European ports dollars/ton<br />

Aceite <strong>de</strong> coco / Coconut oil Filipinas, CIF Rotterdam dólares/ton<strong>el</strong>ada / Philippines, c.i.f. Rotterdam dollars/ton<br />

Aceite <strong>de</strong> girasol / Sunfl ower oil Unión Europea, FOB, puertos europeos <strong>de</strong>l noroeste / N.W. European ports<br />

Aceite <strong>de</strong> grano <strong>de</strong> palma Malasia, CIF Rotterdam dólares/ton<strong>el</strong>ada / Malaysia c.i.f. Rotterdam dollars/ton<br />

Palm kern<strong>el</strong> oil<br />

Soya / Soybeans Estados Unidos, N° 2 amarilla, CIF Rotterdam dólares/ton<strong>el</strong>ada / US, No. 2 y<strong>el</strong>low, c.i.f.<br />

Rotterdam dollars/ton<br />

Harina <strong>de</strong> soya / Soybean fl our 44/45%, Hamburgo, FOB franco fábrica dólares/ton<strong>el</strong>ada / Hamburg, 44/45%, f.o.b. ex-mill<br />

dollars/ton<br />

Chapeado / Plywood Asia <strong>de</strong>l sur este, lauan, precio al por mayor en tokio / South east asia, lauan, wholesale, spot<br />

Tokyo. cents/sheet<br />

Pulpa ma<strong>de</strong>ra / Wood pulp Chile, precio medio fob <strong>de</strong> embarques <strong>de</strong> exportación c<strong>el</strong>ulosa dólares/ton / Chile, median<br />

price fob export shipments of wood pulp dollars/ton<br />

Tabaco / tobacco Hoja <strong>de</strong> tabaco, Estados Unidos precio <strong>de</strong> importación general/ Leaf tobacco, US general<br />

import price cents/lb.<br />

Caucho / Rubber Nº 1 rss, en balas, Singapur, FOB/ In bales, No. 1 rss, f.o.b. Singapore. Singapore cents/kg.<br />

Lana / Wool 23 micras, Australia dólares/ton<strong>el</strong>ada/ Australian wool 23 microns dollars/ton<br />

Algodón / Cotton Indice a (m 1-3/32”), cotton outlook, Liverpool / In<strong>de</strong>x a (m 1-3/32”), cotton outlook,<br />

Liverpool cents/lb.<br />

Pi<strong>el</strong>es / Cattle hi<strong>de</strong>s Precio <strong>de</strong> mayorista <strong>de</strong> Chicago, Estados Unidos, pi<strong>el</strong>es pesadas <strong>de</strong> novillos FOB<br />

US, Chicago, packer’s heavy native steers, f.o.b. cents/lb.<br />

Harina <strong>de</strong> pescado / Fish meal Todos los orígenes, 64/65%, CIF Hamburgo dólares/ton<strong>el</strong>ada / Any origin, 64/65%, c.i.f.<br />

Hamburg dollars/ton<br />

Yute / Jute Bangla<strong>de</strong>sh, FOB mongla bwd dólares/ton<strong>el</strong>ada / Bangla<strong>de</strong>sh, f.o.b. mongla bwd. dollars/ton<br />

Cobre / Copper Grado a, bolsa <strong>de</strong> metales <strong>de</strong> Londres, al contado / London metal exchange, gra<strong>de</strong> a, cash cents/lb.<br />

Mineral <strong>de</strong> hierro / Iron ore De Brasil a Europa, 64,5% fe, FOB / Brazilian to Europe, c.64.5% fe, f.o.b. (cents/fe unit)<br />

Producto <strong>de</strong> acero / Ste<strong>el</strong> product Índice <strong>de</strong>l Banco Mundial / World Bank In<strong>de</strong>x (8)b90<br />

Aluminio / Aluminium Primera calidad, Bolsa <strong>de</strong> Metales <strong>de</strong> Londres, al contado / London Metal Exchange, high<br />

gra<strong>de</strong>, cash cents/lb.<br />

Plata / Silver Nueva York, refi nada, 99,9%, handy & harman cents/onza troy / Handy & harman, 99.9% gra<strong>de</strong><br />

refi ned, New York cents/troy ounce)<br />

Zinc Calidad superior especial, Bolsa <strong>de</strong> Metales <strong>de</strong> Londres, precio en efectivo / London Metal<br />

Exchange, special high gra<strong>de</strong>, cash settlement cents/lb.<br />

Estaño / Tin Bolsa <strong>de</strong> Metales <strong>de</strong> Londres, al contado / London Metal Exchange, cash cents/lb.<br />

Níqu<strong>el</strong> / Nick<strong>el</strong> Bolsa <strong>de</strong> Metales <strong>de</strong> Londres, al contado dólares/ton<strong>el</strong>ada / London Metal Exchange, cash<br />

dollars/ton<br />

Plomo / Lead Bolsa <strong>de</strong> Metales <strong>de</strong> Londres, al contado / London Metal Exchange, cash cents/lb.<br />

Oro / Gold Fino, 99,5%, cotizaciones <strong>de</strong> la tar<strong>de</strong> en Londres dólares/onza troy / London, 99.5% fi ne,<br />

afternoon fi xing dollars/troy ounce<br />

Petróleo crudo / Cru<strong>de</strong> oil Tía juana light OPEP dólares/barril / Tia juana light OPEC bulletin dollars/barr<strong>el</strong>


432 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

Gasolina s/plomo / Unlea<strong>de</strong>d Costa este <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos 95 sin plomo OPEP dólares/barril / US east coast unlea<strong>de</strong>d<br />

petrol 95 dollars/barr<strong>el</strong> OPEC bulletin<br />

Carbón / Coal Banco Mundial Australia dólares/ton<strong>el</strong>ada / Coal:Australia dollars/ton (World Bank)<br />

Gas natural / Natural gas Banco Mundial Estados Unidos precio en Henry Hub, Louisiana dólares/mmbtu / Natural<br />

gas: United States spot price at Henry Hub, Louisiana dollars/mmbtu (World Bank)<br />

2.3 Precios / Prices<br />

A. Fuentes generales / General sources<br />

Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI), Estadísticas fi nancieras internacionales/International Monetary Fund (IMF),<br />

International Financial Statistics.<br />

Organización Internacional <strong>de</strong>l Trabajo (OIT), <strong>Anuario</strong>s/International Labour Organisation (ILO), Yearbooks.<br />

B. Fuentes por países / Sources by country<br />

Argentina: Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Economía, Hacienda y Finanzas, Boletín semanal <strong>de</strong> economía/weekly economic bulletin; Instituto<br />

Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística, In<strong>de</strong>c informa (boletín mensual/monthly bulletin).<br />

Barbados: Barbados Statistical Service, Monthly Digest of Statistics.<br />

Bolivia: Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística, Departamento <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas Económicas, División <strong>de</strong> Precios, información<br />

directa/direct information.<br />

Brasil/Brazil: Fundação Getúlio Vargas, Instituto Brasileiro <strong>de</strong> Economía, Conjuntura econômica, publicación mensual.<br />

Fundação Instituto Brasileiro <strong>de</strong> Geografía e Estadística, información directa/direct information.<br />

Chile: Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística, Índice <strong>de</strong> precios al consumidor e información directa mensual/Consumer price<br />

in<strong>de</strong>x and direct monthly information.<br />

Colombia: Departamento Administrativo Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística, Índice <strong>de</strong> precios al consumidor (boletín mensual/monthly<br />

bulletin); Banco <strong>de</strong> la República, Revista <strong>de</strong>l Banco <strong>de</strong> la República, boletín mensual/monthly bulletin.<br />

Costa Rica: Dirección General <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Censos, información directa/and direct information.<br />

Ecuador: Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Censos, Índice <strong>de</strong> precios al consumidor/consumer price in<strong>de</strong>x.<br />

El Salvador: Dirección General <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Censos, información directa/direct information.<br />

Guatemala: Banco <strong>de</strong> Guatemala, información directa/direct information.<br />

Haití/Haiti: Institut haïtien <strong>de</strong> statistique, Département <strong>de</strong>s étu<strong>de</strong>s économiques, Bulletin trimestri<strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong> statistique; Bulletin<br />

<strong>de</strong> la banque <strong>de</strong> la République d’Haïti e información directa/and direct information.<br />

Honduras: Banco Central <strong>de</strong> Honduras, Departamento <strong>de</strong> Estudios Económicos, Índices <strong>de</strong> precios al consumidor e información<br />

directa/consumer price indices and direct information.<br />

Jamaica: Department of Statistics, Consumer Price Indices (monthly bulletin). Statistical Institute of Jamaica.<br />

México/Mexico: Secretaría <strong>de</strong> Programación y Presupuesto, Dirección General <strong>de</strong> Estadística, Banco <strong>de</strong> México S.A. e<br />

información directa/and direct information.<br />

Nicaragua: Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Censos, Índices <strong>de</strong> precios al consumidor e información directa/consumer<br />

price indices and direct information.<br />

Panamá/Panama: Contraloría General <strong>de</strong> la República, Dirección <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Censos, información directa mensual/direct<br />

monthly information.<br />

Paraguay: Banco Central <strong>de</strong>l Paraguay, Departamento <strong>de</strong> Estudios Económicos, División <strong>de</strong> precios y mercado interno e<br />

información directa/and direct information.<br />

Perú/Peru: Banco Central <strong>de</strong> Reserva <strong>de</strong>l Perú. Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística e Informática, Índices <strong>de</strong> precios al consumidor<br />

(boletín mensual), e información directa/Consumer price indices (monthly bulletin) and direct information.<br />

República Dominicana/Dominican Republic: Banco Central <strong>de</strong> la República Dominicana, Boletín mensual e información<br />

directa/Monthly bulletin and direct information.<br />

Trinidad y Tabago/Trinidad and Tobago: Central Statistical Offi ce, Quarterly Economic Report; Central Bank of Trinidad<br />

and Tobago, Monthly Statistical Digest.<br />

Uruguay: Dirección General <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas y Censos, información directa/ direct information.<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>)/Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of): Banco Central <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, información directa/<br />

direct information.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 433<br />

2.4 Estadísticas sectoriales / Sectoral statistics<br />

Estadísticas agropecuarias / Agricultural statistics<br />

A. Fuentes generales / General sources<br />

Organización <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación (FAO), <strong>Anuario</strong> FAO <strong>de</strong> producción; Informe<br />

anual sobre los fertilizantes; <strong>Anuario</strong> FAO <strong>de</strong> fertilizantes e información directa/Food and Agriculture Organization of<br />

the United Nations (FAO), FAO Production Yearbook; FAO Fertilizer Yearbook and direct information.<br />

Estadísticas mineras y <strong>de</strong> la industria manufacturera / Mining and manufacturing statistics<br />

A. Fuentes generales / General sources<br />

Instituto Internacional <strong>de</strong>l Hierro y <strong>de</strong>l Acero/International Iron and Ste<strong>el</strong> Institute (IISI).<br />

Instituto Latinoamericano <strong>de</strong>l Fierro y <strong>el</strong> Acero (ILAFA)/Latin American Iron and Ste<strong>el</strong> Institute, Si<strong>de</strong>rurgia latinoamericana,<br />

e información directa/and direct information.<br />

Naciones Unidas, Boletín mensual <strong>de</strong> estadística, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong>/United Nations, Monthly Bulletin of Statistics,<br />

Statistical Yearbook. Ofi cina Mundial <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas <strong>de</strong>l Metal/World Bureau of Metal Statistics, World Metal Statistics<br />

Yearbook.<br />

B. Fuentes por países / Sources by country<br />

Argentina: Dirección General <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Censos, Boletín <strong>de</strong> estadística. Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Censos,<br />

<strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> la República Argentina, 1997, 1998, 1999 e información directa/and direct information. Banco Central<br />

<strong>de</strong> la República <strong>de</strong> Argentina. Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Economía y Producción (MECOM).<br />

Barbados: Statistical Service, Monthly Digest of Statistics e información directa/and direct information. Central Bank of<br />

Barbados, Economic and Financial Statistics (monthly).<br />

Bolivia: Banco Central <strong>de</strong> Bolivia, Boletín <strong>estadístico</strong>, Indicadores económicos y Memoria anual; Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong><br />

Estadística, Bolivia en cifras e información directa/and direct information.<br />

Brasil/Brazil: Fundação IBGE, Instituto Brasileiro <strong>de</strong> Geografía e Estatística, Boletim estatístico; Anuário estatístico do<br />

Brasil; Sinopse estatística do Brasil; Banco Central do Brasil; Agencia Nacional do Petroleo, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> y<br />

cifras mensuales; Departamento Nacional <strong>de</strong> Produçao Mineral, Sumario anual y trimestral.<br />

Chile: Banco Central, Boletín mensual; Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística, Compendio <strong>estadístico</strong> anual.<br />

Colombia: Banco <strong>de</strong> la República, Revista <strong>de</strong>l Banco <strong>de</strong> la República, mensual, Indicadores socioeconómicos; Departamento<br />

Administrativo Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística, Boletín mensual <strong>de</strong> estadística, Boletín <strong>de</strong> estadística.<br />

Costa Rica: Banco Central <strong>de</strong> Costa Rica, Boletín <strong>estadístico</strong> (publicación trimestral).<br />

Cuba: Comité Estatal <strong>de</strong> Estadística, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> Cuba; La economía cubana; Junta Central <strong>de</strong> Planifi cación e<br />

información directa/and direct information.<br />

Ecuador: Banco Central <strong>de</strong>l Ecuador, Boletín, Memoria anual y Boletín-anuario; información estadística mensual; Instituto<br />

Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística, información directa; Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Energía y minas, Estadísticas anuales.<br />

El Salvador: Banco Central <strong>de</strong> Reserva <strong>de</strong> El Salvador, Revista (trimestral); Consejo Nacional <strong>de</strong> Planifi cación y Coordinación<br />

Económica (CONAPLAN), Indicadores económicos y sociales (publicación trimestral).<br />

Guatemala: Banco <strong>de</strong> Guatemala, Boletín <strong>estadístico</strong>; Dirección General <strong>de</strong> Estadística, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong>; Instituto Nacional<br />

<strong>de</strong> Estadística, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong>.<br />

Guyana: Ministry of Economic Dev<strong>el</strong>opment, Economic Survey of Guyana; The Statistical Bureau, Quarterly Statistical<br />

Digest e información directa/and direct information.<br />

Haití/Haiti: Institut haïtien <strong>de</strong> statistique, Bulletin trimestri<strong>el</strong> <strong>de</strong> statistique e información directa/and direct information.<br />

Honduras: Banco Central <strong>de</strong> Honduras, Boletín <strong>estadístico</strong> mensual e información directa/and direct information; Dirección<br />

General <strong>de</strong> Estadística, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> e información directa/and direct information.<br />

Jamaica: Bank of Jamaica, Statistical Digest; Central Planning Unit, Economic Survey; Statistical Institute of Jamaica.<br />

Jamaican Statistics (annual).<br />

México/Mexico: Banco <strong>de</strong> México, Informe anual, Información económica, Indicadores económicos (mensual); Secretaría<br />

<strong>de</strong> Economía, Producción minero-metalúrgica mexicana 2000-2005; Pemex Exploración y Producción, <strong>Anuario</strong><br />

<strong>estadístico</strong>; Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas Geográfi cas e informática (INEGI), Información anual y mensual/yearly<br />

and monthly information.<br />

Nicaragua: Banco Central <strong>de</strong> Nicaragua, Informe anual e información directa/and direct information.


434 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

Panamá/Panama: Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Economía y Finanzas, Informe económico trimestral; Dirección <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Censos,<br />

Estadística panameña; Industrias (anual), Panamá en cifras e información directa/and direct information.<br />

Paraguay: Banco Central, Boletín <strong>estadístico</strong> mensual; Dirección General <strong>de</strong> Estadística, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong>.<br />

Perú/Peru: Banco Central <strong>de</strong> Reserva <strong>de</strong>l Perú, datos anuales; Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística e Informática (INEI), Compendio<br />

<strong>estadístico</strong> e Informe <strong>estadístico</strong> trimestral, Informe económico (mensual).<br />

República Dominicana/Dominican Republic: Banco Central, Boletín mensual.<br />

Trinidad y Tabago/Trinidad and Tobago: Central Statistical Offi ce; Ministry of Planning and Dev<strong>el</strong>opment, Resumen anual/<br />

Annual review; Central Bank of Trinidad and Tobago, Monthly Statistical Digest.<br />

Uruguay: Banco <strong>de</strong> la República Oriental <strong>de</strong>l Uruguay, Indicadores <strong>de</strong> la actividad económico-fi nanciera; Instituto Nacional<br />

<strong>de</strong> Estadística, Boletín mensual, Síntesis estadística (mensual), <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> y Boletín Trimestral.<br />

Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong>)/Venezu<strong>el</strong>a (Bolivarian Republic of): Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Energía y Petróleo; Banco Central<br />

<strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a, Revista <strong>de</strong>l Banco Central <strong>de</strong> Venezu<strong>el</strong>a.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 435<br />

3. Estadísticas <strong>de</strong> recursos naturales y <strong>de</strong>l medio ambiente<br />

Statistics on natural resources and the environment<br />

<br />

El capítulo <strong>de</strong> Recursos Naturales y Medio Ambiente contiene<br />

series estadísticas e indicadores que fueron obtenidas <strong>de</strong><br />

dos tipos distintos <strong>de</strong> fuentes: organismos internacionales<br />

y organismos ofi ciales <strong>de</strong> los países.<br />

Las primeras abarcan las bases <strong>de</strong> datos <strong>de</strong> los organismos<br />

internacionales y sus publicaciones. La s<strong>el</strong>ección <strong>de</strong> este<br />

tipo <strong>de</strong> fuente respondió a la gran cantidad <strong>de</strong> información<br />

que presentan algunos organismos, como resultado <strong>de</strong><br />

sus procesos <strong>de</strong> compilación y producción <strong>de</strong> estadísticas<br />

especializadas.<br />

La información ofi cial proveniente <strong>de</strong> los países se<br />

sistematizó en la Base <strong>de</strong> Datos <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas e Indicadores<br />

<strong>de</strong>l Medio Ambiente (BADEIMA) <strong>de</strong> la División <strong>de</strong> Estadística<br />

y Proyecciones Económicas <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL. Las series se<br />

recopilaron mediante un cuestionario diseñado especialmente<br />

diseñado para este fi n.<br />

A continuación se listan los organismos ofi ciales responsables<br />

<strong>de</strong> las series estadísticas disponibles en BADEIMA:<br />

The chapter on Natural Resources and the Environment contains<br />

statistical series and indicators which were obtained from<br />

sources of two different types: international organizations<br />

and offi cial bodies in the countries.<br />

The former are the databases of international organizations<br />

and their publications. The choice of this type of source is<br />

due to the great quantity of data available from certain bodies,<br />

based on their processes of compilation and production of<br />

specialized statistics.<br />

Offi cial information from countries was systematized<br />

in the BADEIMA Database of Environmental Statistics<br />

and Indicators for Latin America and the Caribbean, of the<br />

ECLAC Statistics and Economic Projections Division. The<br />

series were collected using a questionnaire <strong>de</strong>signed specially<br />

for the purpose.<br />

The following are the offi cial bodies responsible for<br />

the statistical series available in BADEIMA:<br />

B<strong>el</strong>ice/B<strong>el</strong>ize: Central Statistical Offi ce (CSO).<br />

Bolivia: Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística (INE).<br />

Brasil/Brazil: Instituto Brasileiro <strong>de</strong> Geografi a e Estatística (IBGE).<br />

Chile: Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas (INE).<br />

Colombia: Departamento Administrativo Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística (DANE).<br />

Cuba: Ofi cina Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas (ONE).<br />

El Salvador: Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (MARN).<br />

Guatemala: Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística (INE).<br />

México/Mexico: Secretaría <strong>de</strong> Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (SEMARNAT).<br />

Panamá/Panama: Contraloría General <strong>de</strong> la República, Dirección <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Censos.<br />

Paraguay: Dirección General <strong>de</strong> Estadística, Encuestas y Censos (DGEEC).<br />

Perú/Peru: Instituto Nacional <strong>de</strong> Estadística e Informática (INEI).<br />

República Dominicana/Dominican Republic: Secretaría <strong>de</strong> Estado <strong>de</strong> Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales.


436 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

A continuación se presentan las fuentes utilizadas en<br />

cada sección <strong>de</strong>l capítulo <strong>de</strong> Recursos Naturales y Medio<br />

Ambiente.<br />

3.1 Bosque / Forests<br />

The following are the sources used in each section of<br />

the chapter on Natural Resources and the Environment.<br />

Organización <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación (FAO), Programa <strong>de</strong> Evaluación <strong>de</strong> los Recursos<br />

Forestales Mundiales (FRA) 2005/Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Global Forest<br />

Resources Assessment 2005.<br />

3.2 Uso <strong>de</strong> la tierra / Land use<br />

Organización <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación (FAO), Base <strong>de</strong> datos <strong>estadístico</strong>s en línea FAOSTAT/<br />

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), FAO online Statistical Database FAOSTAT.<br />

3.3 Mares y bor<strong>de</strong> costero / Seas and coastal areas<br />

Organismos ofi ciales <strong>de</strong> los países; información sistematizada en la Base <strong>de</strong> Datos <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas e Indicadores <strong>de</strong>l Medio<br />

Ambiente (BADEIMA), División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones Económicas, Comisión Económica para <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y<br />

<strong>el</strong> Caribe (CEPAL)/Data from offi cial bodies in the countries, systematized in the BADEIMA Database of Environmental<br />

Statistics and Indicators for Latin America and the Caribbean, ECLAC Statistics and Economic Projections Division.<br />

3.4 Áreas protegidas / Protected areas<br />

Instituto <strong>de</strong> Recursos Mundiales (WRI), Portal <strong>de</strong> información ambiental EarthTrends/World Resources Institute (WRI),<br />

EarthTrends, environmental information [online].<br />

Organismos ofi ciales <strong>de</strong> los países; información sistematizada en la Base <strong>de</strong> Datos <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas e Indicadores <strong>de</strong>l Medio<br />

Ambiente (BADEIMA), División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones Económicas, Comisión Económica para <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y<br />

<strong>el</strong> Caribe (CEPAL)/Data from offi cial bodies in the countries, systematized in the BADEIMA Database of Environmental<br />

Statistics and Indicators for Latin America and the Caribbean, ECLAC Statistics and Economic Projections Division.<br />

3.5 Energía / Energy<br />

Comisión Económica para <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe (CEPAL), División <strong>de</strong> Recursos Naturales e Infraestructura, Unidad<br />

<strong>de</strong> Recursos Naturales y Energía/Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), Natural<br />

Resources and Infrastructure Division, Natural Resources and Energy Unit.<br />

Comisión Económica para <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe (CEPAL), Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeño <strong>de</strong> Demografía<br />

(CELADE) - División <strong>de</strong> Población <strong>de</strong> la CEPAL/Latin American and Caribbean Demographic Centre (CELADE) - Population<br />

Division of ECLAC.<br />

Comisión Económica para <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe (CEPAL), División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones Económicas/Economic<br />

Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), Statistics and Economic Projections Division.<br />

Organismos ofi ciales <strong>de</strong> los países; información sistematizada en la Base <strong>de</strong> Datos Estadísticas e Indicadores <strong>de</strong> Medio<br />

Ambiente (BADEIMA), División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones Económicas, Comisión Económica para <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y<br />

<strong>el</strong> Caribe (CEPAL)/Data from offi cial bodies in the countries, systematized in the BADEIMA Database of Environmental<br />

Statistics and Indicators for Latin America and the Caribbean, ECLAC Statistics and Economic Projections Division.<br />

Organización Latinoamericana <strong>de</strong> Energía (OLADE), Sistema <strong>de</strong> Información Económica-Energética (SIEE)/Latin American<br />

Energy Organization (OLADE), Energy-Economic Information System.


CEPAL, <strong>Anuario</strong> <strong>estadístico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe, 2005 437<br />

3.6 Aire y atmósfera / Air and atmosphere<br />

Organismos ofi ciales <strong>de</strong> los países; información sistematizada sistematizado en la Base <strong>de</strong> Datos <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas e Indicadores<br />

<strong>de</strong>l Medio Ambiente (BADEIMA), División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones Económicas, Comisión Económica para<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe (CEPAL). Data from offi cial bodies in the countries, systematized in the BADEIMA Database<br />

of Environmental Statistics and Indicators for Latin America and the Caribbean, ECLAC Statistics and Economic<br />

Projections Division.<br />

3.7 Desastres naturales / Natural disasters<br />

Université Catholique <strong>de</strong> Louvain, Centre for Research on the Epi<strong>de</strong>miology of Disasters (CRED), EM-DAT: OFDA/CRED<br />

International Disaster Database.<br />

3.8 Transporte e infraestructura / Transport and infrastructure<br />

Asociación Latinoamericana <strong>de</strong> Ferrocarriles (ALAF)/Latin American Railways Association.<br />

Organismos ofi ciales <strong>de</strong> los países; información sistematizada sistematizado en la Base <strong>de</strong> Datos <strong>de</strong> Estadísticas e Indicadores<br />

<strong>de</strong>l Medio Ambiente (BADEIMA), División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones Económicas, Comisión Económica para<br />

<strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe (CEPAL)/Data from offi cial bodies in the countries, systematized in the BADEIMA Database<br />

of Environmental Statistics and Indicators for Latin America and the Caribbean, ECLAC Statistics and Economic<br />

Projections Division.<br />

Organización <strong>de</strong> Aviación Civil Internacional (OACI)/International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).<br />

Programa <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas para <strong>el</strong> Medio Ambiente (PNUMA), Portal <strong>de</strong> datos <strong>estadístico</strong>s en línea GEO/United<br />

Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), GEO data portal [online].<br />

3.9 Gestión medioambiental / Environmental management<br />

Comisión Económica para <strong>América</strong> <strong>Latina</strong> y <strong>el</strong> Caribe (CEPAL), División <strong>de</strong> Estadística y Proyecciones Económicas, Unidad<br />

<strong>de</strong> Cuentas Nacionales y Estadísticas <strong>de</strong> Comercio Exterior/Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean<br />

(ECLAC), National Accounts and Foreign Tra<strong>de</strong> Statistics Unit, Statistics and Economic Projections Division.<br />

Convención <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas sobre <strong>el</strong> Derecho <strong>de</strong>l Mar/United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.<br />

Convención <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas <strong>de</strong> Lucha contra la Desertificación/United Nations Convention to Combat<br />

Desertifi cation.<br />

Convención <strong>de</strong> Ramsar r<strong>el</strong>ativa a los humedales <strong>de</strong> importancia internacional, especialmente como hábitat <strong>de</strong> aves acuáticas/<br />

Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat.<br />

Convención Marco <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas sobre Cambio Climático/United Nations Framework Convention on<br />

Climate Change.<br />

Convención sobre <strong>el</strong> Comercio Internacional <strong>de</strong> Especies Amenazadas <strong>de</strong> Fauna y Flora Silvestres/Convention on International<br />

Tra<strong>de</strong> in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.<br />

Convención sobre la conservación <strong>de</strong> las especies migratorias <strong>de</strong> animales silvestres/Convention on the Conservation of<br />

Migratory Species of Wild Animals.<br />

Convenio <strong>de</strong> Basilea sobre <strong>el</strong> control <strong>de</strong> los movimientos transfronterizos <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>sechos p<strong>el</strong>igrosos y su <strong>el</strong>iminación/Bas<strong>el</strong><br />

Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal.<br />

Convenio <strong>de</strong> Estocolmo sobre contaminantes orgánicos persistentes/Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic<br />

Pollutants.<br />

Convenio <strong>de</strong> Rotterdam sobre <strong>el</strong> procedimiento <strong>de</strong>l consentimiento fundamentado previo aplicado a ciertos plaguicidas y<br />

productos químicos p<strong>el</strong>igrosos objeto <strong>de</strong> comercio internacional/Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent<br />

Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pestici<strong>de</strong>s in International Tra<strong>de</strong>.<br />

Convenio <strong>de</strong> Viena para la protección <strong>de</strong> la capa <strong>de</strong> ozono/Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer.


438 ECLAC, Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005<br />

Convenio para la protección <strong>de</strong>l patrimonio mundial cultural y natural/Convention Concerning the Protection of the World<br />

Cultural and Natural Heritage; World Heritage Convention.<br />

Convenio sobre la Diversidad Biológica/Convention on Biological Diversity.<br />

Organización Internacional <strong>de</strong> Normalización (ISO), Encuesta ISO, 2004 y 2005/International Organization for Standardization<br />

(ISO), ISO 2004 Survey, ISO 2005 Survey.<br />

Protocolo <strong>de</strong> Cartagena sobre Seguridad <strong>de</strong> la Biotecnología <strong>de</strong>l Convenio sobre la Diversidad Biológica/Cartagena Protocol<br />

on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity; Biosafety Protocol.<br />

Protocolo <strong>de</strong> Kyoto <strong>de</strong> la Convención Marco <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas sobre <strong>el</strong> Cambio Climático/Kyoto Protocol to the United<br />

Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.<br />

Protocolo <strong>de</strong> Montreal r<strong>el</strong>ativo a las sustancias que agotan la capa <strong>de</strong> ozono/Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete<br />

the Ozone Layer.

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