PARTE 2 – MEDICIÓN DEL VOLUMEN Y MODELO DEL CONSUMO DE ALCOHOL Obt<strong>en</strong>er esta información no <strong>de</strong>be ser necesariam<strong>en</strong>te costoso y se propon<strong>en</strong> métodos <strong>para</strong> difer<strong>en</strong>tes presupuestos y contextos. Sin embargo, son pocos los países <strong>de</strong>sarrollados que han int<strong>en</strong>tado ajustarse sistemáticam<strong>en</strong>te a estos factores, y este hecho no se <strong>de</strong>be consi<strong>de</strong>rar como un impedim<strong>en</strong>to <strong>para</strong> com<strong>en</strong>zar <strong>el</strong> sistema nacional <strong>de</strong> vigilancia como <strong>el</strong> que se ha bosquejado <strong>en</strong> los dos capítulos anteriores. Los investigadores <strong>de</strong> los países <strong>en</strong> <strong>de</strong>sarrollo pue<strong>de</strong>n, no obstante, t<strong>en</strong>er interés <strong>en</strong> <strong>de</strong>terminar la graduación típica <strong>de</strong> <strong>las</strong> bebidas y <strong>las</strong> medidas características <strong>de</strong> <strong>las</strong> raciones que se beb<strong>en</strong> <strong>en</strong> un <strong>de</strong>terminado lugar, <strong>para</strong> contribuir al análisis y a la interpretación <strong>de</strong> <strong>las</strong> <strong>en</strong>cuestas regionales o más localizadas. Cuando se informa sobre estimados internacionales <strong>de</strong> <strong>consumo</strong> per cápita, por lo g<strong>en</strong>eral se pue<strong>de</strong>n calcular los factores <strong>de</strong> conversión que se usaron <strong>para</strong> la cerveza, <strong>el</strong> vino y <strong>las</strong> bebidas <strong>de</strong>stiladas <strong>de</strong> cualquier país <strong>en</strong> particular (ver capítulo 2,1). Por lo g<strong>en</strong>eral se conoc<strong>en</strong> los datos d<strong>el</strong> volum<strong>en</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>las</strong> bebidas, y también <strong>el</strong> cont<strong>en</strong>ido estimado <strong>de</strong> <strong>alcohol</strong> <strong>de</strong> cada bebida principal, lo que posibilita calcular los factores <strong>de</strong> conversión y com<strong>para</strong>rlos con los datos disponibles <strong>en</strong> la localidad, sobre la graduación alcohólica <strong>de</strong> <strong>las</strong> bebidas. 79
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