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116<br />

The work did not develop from an initial plan but from a single sheet which was<br />

an enlargement of a previous map on a scale of 1:100.000. The project was defined<br />

over time; the sheets of the map were formatted around 1895, and its definitive<br />

distribution did not take shape until 1905. For this reason, Almera stated, on request<br />

from the council, that it was not possible to create a budget or fix terms. The Map<br />

went no further than the initial stages. In 1914, after publishing five sheets of the<br />

map, Almera decided not to continue and proposed Faura i Sans as successor. The<br />

council then decided to transfer administration of the project to the Institut<br />

d’Estudis Catalans, the research centre of the new regional government. The mapped<br />

surface was around 2,500 Km 2, almost 1/3 of the surface of the province,<br />

corresponding to the coast and areas close to Barcelona. It is no surprise that Almera<br />

began with the nearest, best communicated and better known localities from a<br />

topographic point of view. These areas were also the most interesting because of<br />

their geology and the fossils contained therein. Almera does not appear to have had<br />

a plan to continue the map to the NW either in the continental Paleogene or in the<br />

pre-Pyrenean Mesozoic.<br />

Almera and Brossa’s Map largely influenced the future of Catalan geology,<br />

whose history would probably have differed considerably without this precedent. At<br />

the same time, it constitutes a very solid base for what we refer to today as the<br />

Metropolitan Area of Barcelona, taken into account in all later geological mapping.<br />

Furthermore, it established a tradition of geological studies within the Catalan<br />

administrative institutions which continues today. Finally, it indirectly contributed<br />

to the Museu Martorell and the Museu del Seminari becoming the centres of<br />

long-standing geologic investigation that we know today.<br />

Key words: History of science, 19th-20th Centuries, Geology, Cartography,<br />

Spain, Catalonia, Barcelona, Almera.<br />

RESUMEN<br />

Se estudia el proceso de cartografía topográfica y geológica de la provincia de<br />

Barcelona a escala 1:40.000, realizado por el geólogo Jaume Almera y el artista grabador<br />

Eduard Brossa gracias a las subvenciones de la Diputación provincial. Con un<br />

detalle excepcional para la época, presentado en un formato inusual y magníficamente<br />

ejecutado por el grabador Brossa, el Mapa fue unánimemente elogiado desde<br />

la aparición de la primera hoja. La parte geológica, obra personal de Almera, es de<br />

gran calidad gracias a un riguroso trabajo estratigráfico y petrológico llevado a cabo<br />

con ayuda de destacados especialistas europeos, así como a un minucioso control en<br />

el campo de los afloramientos por parte de Almera y sus ayudantes. La topografía de<br />

base, si bien cumplió con creces su papel como soporte de la geología, es tan sólo<br />

aproximada, puesto que se basa en los pocos vértices existentes en la época, carece<br />

de replanteo previo y adolece de falta de un procedimiento regular para el trazado de<br />

las curvas de nivel.<br />

La dirección de la obra se debe considerar exclusiva del Dr. Almera. Bofill, teórico<br />

codirector ante la Diputación, nunca actuó como tal y su participación se limitó<br />

a empezar una hoja que abandonó poco después. La Diputación aceptó todas las<br />

decisiones de Almera, al menos hasta 1899, momento en que empezaron a surgir<br />

voces discrepantes entre los diputados; hacia 1909, momento de cambios políticos<br />

y sociales, disminuyó el soporte institucional a la obra del Mapa y las subvenciones<br />

quedaron drásticamente reducidas, cosa que retrasó la publicación de las dos últimas

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