VOWELS IN STANDARD AUSTRIAN GERMAN - Acoustics ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Sylvia Moosmüller Table of Contents VOWELS IN STANDARD AUSTRIAN GERMAN ..................................................................................1 An Acoustic-Phonetic and Phonological Analysis .......................................................................................1 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS............................................................................................................................4 Table of Contents .........................................................................................................................................6 1. Introduction: Setting the Theoretical Framework.....................................................................................1 1.1. The socio-pragmatic foundation of phonology and phonetics...........................................................3 1.2. The phonological system...................................................................................................................9 1.3 Standard Austrian German ...............................................................................................................15 2. Methods and Data...................................................................................................................................18 2.1. Speakers and Material .....................................................................................................................18 2.2. Measurements..................................................................................................................................20 3. Interpretation of formant measurements.................................................................................................29 3.1. The traditional F1/F2 representation ...............................................................................................29 3.2. Constriction locations for vowels: discrete or gradual?...................................................................39 3.3. The acoustic-articulatory relationship .............................................................................................43 4. Vowel inventory and features.................................................................................................................51 4.1. The feature [±tense]: brief historical outline ...................................................................................54 4.2. Temporal Analysis...........................................................................................................................56 4.2.1. Isochrony in Standard German .................................................................................................56 4.2.2. Isochrony in Central Bavarian..................................................................................................59 4.2.3. Isochrony in Standard Austrian German ..................................................................................62 4.2.4. Vowel duration in Standard Austrian German..........................................................................66 4.2.5. Duration and Laxness ...............................................................................................................72 4.3. Articulatory investigations on vowels .............................................................................................75 4.3.1 Articulatory settings for the opposition traditionally termed [± tense]......................................75 4.3.2 The features [± front] and [± high] ............................................................................................82 4.4. Acoustic analysis of the vowels of Standard Austrian German.......................................................85 4.4.1. The pre-palatal vowels..............................................................................................................86 4.4.2. The mid-palatal vowels ............................................................................................................96 4.4.3. The velar vowels.....................................................................................................................106 4.4.4. The upper pharyngeal vowels.................................................................................................109 4.4.5. The lower pharyngeal vowels.................................................................................................112 4.4.6. The role of F0 .........................................................................................................................115 4.4.7. Evaluation of the results .........................................................................................................120 5. Coarticulation .......................................................................................................................................122 5.1. What is coarticulation? ..................................................................................................................122 5.2. Articulatory vs. acoustic observations...........................................................................................136 5.3. Processes vs. Coarticulation ..........................................................................................................147 5.3.1. The vowel /i/...........................................................................................................................150 5.3.2. The vowel /A/..........................................................................................................................159 5.3.3. The vowels /u, o/ ....................................................................................................................166 5.4. Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................170 6. Vowel and Vowel Variability...............................................................................................................172 6.1. Target, invariance, and target undershoot......................................................................................174 6.2. Undershoot vs. Processes ..............................................................................................................179 6.3. Phoneme, allophone, target, and processes ...................................................................................185 6.4. Missed targets................................................................................................................................187 6.2.1 Speech errors ...........................................................................................................................187 6.4.2 Articulatory avoidance ............................................................................................................188
Vowels in Standard Austrian German 6.5. Another look at invariance ............................................................................................................194 6.6. Prosodic analysis of variability......................................................................................................198 6.6.1. Duration..................................................................................................................................198 6.6.2. Stress ......................................................................................................................................203 6.6.3. Secondary stress .....................................................................................................................208 6.6.3.1 The vowel /A/....................................................................................................................210 6.6.3.2. The vowel /i/....................................................................................................................212 6.6.3.3. The vowel /ç/....................................................................................................................213 6.6.3.4. The vowel /E/...................................................................................................................215 6.6.3.5. The vowel /e/ ...................................................................................................................216 6.6.3.6. The vowel /u/...................................................................................................................217 6.6.3.7. Summary of the results on secondary stress ....................................................................218 6.6.4. Sentence Stress .......................................................................................................................218 6.6.5 The rhythm of speech ..............................................................................................................223 7. Speaker-specific traits ..........................................................................................................................234 8. Summary and Outlook..........................................................................................................................244 9. References ............................................................................................................................................248 Appendix ..................................................................................................................................................269
Page 1 and 2: VOWELS IN STANDARD AUSTRIAN GERMAN
Page 3 and 4: Vowels in Standard Austrian German
Page 5: Vowels in Standard Austrian German
Page 9 and 10: 1. Introduction: Setting the Theore
Page 11 and 12: 3 Vowels in Standard Austrian Germa
Page 19 and 20: 11 Vowels in Standard Austrian Germ
Page 23 and 24: Hz 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 N
Page 27 and 28: � Speaker sp127: Student, male, 2
Page 57 and 58:
49 Vowels in Standard Austrian Germ
Page 59 and 60:
4. Vowel inventory and features 51
Page 61 and 62:
Page 63 and 64:
Page 65 and 66:
Page 67 and 68:
Page 69 and 70:
Spontaneous speech Long vowel + len
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73 and 74:
Spontaneous speech Long vowel + len
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
Height 0 10 20 30 40 u i o ö ü e
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
Vowel category Variability Coeffici
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
101 Vowels in Standard Austrian Ger
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
5.3. Processes vs. Coarticulation 1
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
� F3 shows a high variability in
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
c(xmin, xmax) 0.000 0.001 0.002 0.0
Page 177 and 178:
Page 179 and 180:
Page 181 and 182:
Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
Page 187 and 188:
6.2. Undershoot vs. Processes 179 V
Page 189 and 190:
Page 191 and 192:
Hz 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 50
Page 193 and 194:
Page 195 and 196:
Page 197 and 198:
Page 199 and 200:
Page 201 and 202:
Therefore, it can be observed that
Page 203 and 204:
Page 205 and 206:
Page 207 and 208:
c(xmin, xmax) 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0
Page 209 and 210:
Page 211 and 212:
Page 213 and 214:
Page 215 and 216:
Variability coefficient 40,000 35,0
Page 217 and 218:
Page 219 and 220:
Page 221 and 222:
Page 223 and 224:
6.6.3.4. The vowel /E/ 215 Vowels i
Page 225 and 226:
6.6.3.6. The vowel /u/ 217 Vowels i
Page 227 and 228:
Page 229 and 230:
Page 231 and 232:
Page 233 and 234:
Page 235 and 236:
Page 237 and 238:
Page 239 and 240:
z-score 5,00 4,00 3,00 2,00 1,00 0,
Page 241 and 242:
Page 243 and 244:
Page 245 and 246:
Page 247 and 248:
Page 249 and 250:
Page 251 and 252:
Page 253 and 254:
Page 255 and 256:
Page 257 and 258:
Page 259 and 260:
Page 261 and 262:
Page 263 and 264:
Page 265 and 266:
Page 267 and 268:
Page 269 and 270:
Page 271 and 272:
Page 273 and 274:
Page 275 and 276:
Page 277 and 278:
Appendix 269 Vowels in Standard Aus
Page 279:
show all

VOWELS IN STANDARD AUSTRIAN GERMAN - Acoustics ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?