VOWELS IN STANDARD AUSTRIAN GERMAN - Acoustics ...

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Sylvia Moosmüller Figure 2.7: Spectrogram of the item “Sohn” (son). Speaker sp129, sentence reading task. Bottom panel: fundamental frequency. Next panel from bottom: phonetic transcription. Third panel from bottom: waveform window. Fourth panel from bottom: spectrogram window. Left upper panel: waveform zoom window. Right upper panel: amplitude spectrum window. 28
29 Vowels in Standard Austrian German 3. Interpretation of formant measurements In the same way as vocal tract shapes differ individually, articulatory configurations expose individual differences as well. Many studies on articulation report speaker- specific articulatory settings for either the same phoneme or sequence of phonemes (see e.g. Kuehn & Moll 1976, Perkell 1997, Perkell et al. 2002, Tabain et al. 2004, Pouplier et al. 2004, McGowan 2004, Brunner et al. 2005, Perkell et. al 2006). However, due to the non-linear relation between articulatory configurations and the acoustic consequences of these configurations, these differences need not affect the acoustic output. A study of Fant’s nomograms reveal that different articulatory configurations might render the same formant frequency values. A study of Steven’s quantal theory exposes that, on the horizontal dimension from front to back, the extent to which formant frequency values change depends on where the constriction is located. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss what the acoustic data are able to tell us. 3.1. The traditional F1/F2 representation To date, vowels are frequently represented in a two-dimensional F1/F2 chart (for German see e.g. Jørgensen 1969, Kohler 1998, for Austrian German Iivonen 1987b) and interpreted with respect to the first two formants. Figure 3.1 gives such a representation for speaker sp012 of Standard Austrian German:
Page 1 and 2: VOWELS IN STANDARD AUSTRIAN GERMAN
Page 3 and 4: Vowels in Standard Austrian German
Page 9 and 10: 1. Introduction: Setting the Theore
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Page 23 and 24: Hz 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 N
Page 27 and 28: � Speaker sp127: Student, male, 2
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Page 59 and 60: 4. Vowel inventory and features 51
Page 69 and 70: Spontaneous speech Long vowel + len
Page 73 and 74: Spontaneous speech Long vowel + len
Page 77 and 78: Height 0 10 20 30 40 u i o ö ü e
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5.3. Processes vs. Coarticulation 1
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� F3 shows a high variability in
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c(xmin, xmax) 0.000 0.001 0.002 0.0
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6.2. Undershoot vs. Processes 179 V
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Hz 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 50
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Therefore, it can be observed that
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c(xmin, xmax) 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0
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Variability coefficient 40,000 35,0
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6.6.3.4. The vowel /E/ 215 Vowels i
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6.6.3.6. The vowel /u/ 217 Vowels i
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z-score 5,00 4,00 3,00 2,00 1,00 0,
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Appendix 269 Vowels in Standard Aus
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