VOWELS IN STANDARD AUSTRIAN GERMAN - Acoustics ...

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Sylvia Moosmüller not necessary to change the degree of lip aperture during the /h/, lip aperture is simply not modified in the vowel of “hatte”, and the decrease of stress is modelled via F2 and F3 by all speakers except speaker sp012 (see Figure 6.23). Three speakers (sp180, sp129, sp082) attribute the same degree of lip aperture as in “Paar” to the vowel /A/ in “niedergelassen”. The other three lower F1 to about the same degree as in “hatte”. “Stadt” exerts the most salient speaker specific differences: Two speakers (sp180 and sp129) lower F1 substantially, even more than in “hatte” and “niedergelassen”. Two further speakers (sp012 and sp126) lower F1 to about the same degree as in “niedergelassen” and “hatte”, and two (sp082 and sp127) do not differentiate “Stadt” from “Paar”. Regarding the z-scores of F2 and F3 155 , which seem to work together, the results on F1 are either enhanced or stay the same, but they are never reduced (see Figure 6.23). The low F1 values of “das” are further enhanced by speaker sp180, sp129, sp082, sp126, and sp127, who expose a rise of F2 and/or F3. Only speaker sp012 does not further set off the unstressed position via F2 and F3; his F1 values are the lowest of all speakers anyway. A further contribution of F2 and F3 does not seem to be necessary. “Deutschland”, however, is only enhanced by speaker sp180 and sp082, so that, on the whole, “Deutschland” is slightly more stressed than “das”. It has already been stated that for the vowel /A/ in “hatte”, less deviation from the primary stressed position has been observed with respect to F1 than hypothesized. This assimilation is balanced by a higher deviation of F2 and F3 for all speakers except speaker sp012, and especially for speaker sp082. 155 The mean of the z-score of F2 and the z-score of F3 has been calculated. 230
z-score 5,00 4,00 3,00 2,00 1,00 0,00 -1,00 -2,00 231 Vowels in Standard Austrian German Stadt Deutschland niedergelassen hatte das Sp180 1,84 2,43 1,61 2,45 2,38 Sp129 1,18 0,64 1,80 1,86 Sp082 -0,33 2,02 -1,46 3,88 3,46 Sp012 -1,17 0,91 1,06 -0,55 1,02 Sp126 1,21 1,26 0,49 1,63 1,77 Sp127 1,73 0,66 0,50 2,06 3,12 Figure 6.23: Mean z-deviation of F2 and F3 of the vowels /A/ from the vowel /A/ in “Paar” (couple). With z ≥ ±1.5 no correspondence of the respective formant is given any more. Sp = speaker, sentence reading task. A negative value indicates an F2 or F3 value contrary to the hypothesis. With respect to F1, the three male speakers (sp012, sp126, sp127) show a decrease in “niedergelassen”, whereas the three female speakers (sp082, sp129, sp180) do not differentiate “niedergelassen” from “Paar”. However, as regards F2 and F3, two female speakers (sp180 and sp129) raise F2 and F3 in comparison to “Paar”. Speaker sp082, however, treats “niedergelassen” in the same way as “Paar”, i.e. providing it with a primary stress. The explanation for the relative prosodic strength of “niedergelassen” can be found in its preceding a strong boundary, which triggers a higher F1 and a lower F2 for the vowel /A/ (Tabain 2003). “Stadt” is only further enhanced by speaker sp180. All the others do not differentiate “Stadt” from “Paar” with respect to F2 and F3. Therefore, “Stadt” is only differentiated via F1. It can be concluded that speakers agree on the most stressed and the most unstressed position and model them in the same way (in the case of the vowel /a/ pre-
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VOWELS IN STANDARD AUSTRIAN GERMAN
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Vowels in Standard Austrian German
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1. Introduction: Setting the Theore
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3 Vowels in Standard Austrian Germa
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11 Vowels in Standard Austrian Germ
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Hz 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 N
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� Speaker sp127: Student, male, 2
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4. Vowel inventory and features 51
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Spontaneous speech Long vowel + len
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Spontaneous speech Long vowel + len
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Height 0 10 20 30 40 u i o ö ü e
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Vowel category Variability Coeffici
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5.3. Processes vs. Coarticulation 1
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� F3 shows a high variability in
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c(xmin, xmax) 0.000 0.001 0.002 0.0
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