VOWELS IN STANDARD AUSTRIAN GERMAN - Acoustics ...

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Sylvia Moosmüller Hz Figure 6.6: Three successive frames of F1, F2, F3 measured at vowel midpoint of the stressed vowel /e/. Reddish lines: “geben” (to give), bluish lines: “gegeben” (have given), greenish lines: “vergeblich” (in vain), two repetitions of each item. Column 1 to 3: 3 male speakers, column 4 to 6: 3 female speakers. Hz 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 Figure 6.7: Three successive frames of F1, F2, and F3 measured at vowel midpoint of the stressed vowel /e/ from “Leber” (liver). Bluish lines: repetition 1-5, brownish lines: repetition 6-10. Column 1-3: 3 male speakers, column 4-6: 3 female speakers. 196
197 Vowels in Standard Austrian German A visual comparison of Figure 6.6 and Figure 6.7 shows not only that the vertical span is lower within each formant in Figure 6.7, but also, that a clear demarcation between F2 and F3 is apparent, whereas in Figure 6.6, this demarcation between F2 and F3 is partly smeared. The blurring in Figure 6.6 results from the fact that although vowels all carry primary lexical stress and share the same phonetic context, vowels from different prosodic positions have been superimposed. This means that ultimately, invariance lies not so much in the phonetic context than in precisely determined stress assignment which attributes the ultimate shape to the phoneme (see 6.6.3). In the unstressed position, statistically significant differences between the conditions appear only for F3 of the vowel /i/ (see Table 6.7): Var. coeff. C1 C2 C1 C2 C1 C2 unstressed /i/ /i/ /e/ /e/ /A/ /A/ F1 7.70 8.45 6.74 6.00 17.93 8.91 F2 3.28 4.46 4.95 4.43 4.44 5.67 F3 3.42 5.73 3.62 3.43 2.52 3.29 Table 6.7: Variability coefficients calculated at vowel midpoint under two different conditions (C). C1: vowel drawn from one and the same sentence repeated ten times, C2: vowel controlled for phonetic context. Statistically significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) are printed in bold. It has already been explicated that the vowel /i/ is articulated in an acoustically unstable region which results in a high variability (especially of F3). This becomes apparent here again, where F3 shows more variability in Condition 2 as compared to Condition 1. The other vowels exhibit no statistically significant differences between the conditions. These results show, moreover, that variability as a whole is reduced in unstressed positions. It has already been put forward in Moosmüller (2002), and will be dealt with in 6.6.2, that unstressed positions exhibit less variability than stressed positions. This is confirmed here insofar as no statistically significant differences appear for the vowels /e/ and /A/. More variability in the stressed position, however, does not mean that articulation is less precise in stressed positions. On the contrary, it has to be interpreted in the way
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VOWELS IN STANDARD AUSTRIAN GERMAN
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Vowels in Standard Austrian German
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1. Introduction: Setting the Theore
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3 Vowels in Standard Austrian Germa
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11 Vowels in Standard Austrian Germ
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Hz 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 N
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� Speaker sp127: Student, male, 2
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4. Vowel inventory and features 51
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Spontaneous speech Long vowel + len
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Spontaneous speech Long vowel + len
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Height 0 10 20 30 40 u i o ö ü e
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Vowel category Variability Coeffici
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Page 215 and 216: Variability coefficient 40,000 35,0
Page 223 and 224: 6.6.3.4. The vowel /E/ 215 Vowels i
Page 225 and 226: 6.6.3.6. The vowel /u/ 217 Vowels i
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Appendix 269 Vowels in Standard Aus
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VOWELS IN STANDARD AUSTRIAN GERMAN - Acoustics ...

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