VOWELS IN STANDARD AUSTRIAN GERMAN - Acoustics ...

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Sylvia Moosmüller The same picture emerges for stressed positions in spontaneous speech (see Table 4.38): Spont. i – ç y – Y e – E ë – ê u – ï o – O Sp012 108–104 x –122* 90–95 97–87* 106–99* 91–92 Sp180 190–202 185–196 162–139 149*–x 198–181 166–162 Sp082 170–203 234–290* 189–178 197*–x 209–177* 186–178 Sp129 186–178 188–201* 154–153 157–192* 182–181 154–155 Sp126 121–118 x –114* 109–117 x –114* 120–116 110–115 Sp127 123–120 110–131 114–111 113*– x 123–128 119–114 Table 4.37: Mean F0 values of all vowels in stressed positions in spontaneous speech. Vowels are grouped in pairs. Within each pair, the value to the left represents the [+constricted] vowel and the value to the right the [–constricted] vowel. Statistically significant differences within each pair (p < 0.05) are marked in bold. Where the t-value is negative, the pair is additionally in italics. The asterisk indicates that no t-tests could been performed. Tables 4.36 and 4.37 show that statistically significant differences occur only sporadically, if at all. In unstressed positions, the discriminative power of F0 with respect to constriction degree is not any better. Therefore, in Standard Austrian German, F0 does not depend on tongue height. However, another grouping can be filtered out from these results, and this grouping has to do rather with constriction location rather than with constriction degree. In the front region, the pre-palatal vowels are kept apart from the mid-palatal vowels. In the back region, the pharyngeal vowels are kept apart from the velar vowels. The pharyngeal vowels might be further differentiated, insofar as the /A/ – vowels might show up lower F0 values than the /o/ – vowels. A statistically significant difference between the upper and the lower pharyngeal vowels (in the sense that the lower pharyngeal vowels expose a lower F0 than the upper pharyngeal vowels) is found in the task of reading logatomes by both speakers, in stressed positions in the task of reading sentences by speakers sp012, sp180, sp127, and in unstressed positions in the task of reading sentences by all speakers. In spontaneous speech, this distinction is displayed in both stressed and unstressed positions by all speakers. 118
119 Vowels in Standard Austrian German The differentiation of the pre-palatal and the mid-palatal and of the velar and the upper pharyngeal vowels in stressed positions is maintained by most of the speakers, and by some speakers in unstressed positions of the sentence reading task (see Tables 4.38 and 4.39). i/e vowels Sp012 Sp180 Sp082 Sp129 Sp126 Sp127 logatomes 133-117 211-175 – – – – Rs 127-110 212-171 224-193 188-148 128-115 167-137 Rus 117-112 230-216 210-205 186-174 129-128 155-147 Ss 107-93 197-149 194-183 182-153 120-114 122-112 Sus 99-103 191-177 196-204 181-179 117-122 123-123 Table 4.38: Mean F0 values of all /i/ and /e/ vowels of all speaking tasks and all speakers. Vowels are grouped in pairs, within each pair, the value to the left represents the [+pre-palatal] vowel, the value to the right the [–pre-palatal] vowel. Statistically significant differences within each pair (p < 0.05) are marked in bold, in case of a negative t-value, the pair is additionally in italics. L = Logatome reading task, Rs = Sentence reading task, stressed vowels, Rus = Sentence reading task, unstressed vowels, Ss = Spontaneous speech, stressed vowels, SuS = Spontaneous speech, unstressed vowels, Sp = Speaker. u/o vowels Sp012 Sp180 Sp082 Sp129 Sp126 Sp127 logatomes 135-120 228-180 – – – – Rs 136-109 156-186 227-189 190-152 130-116 171-145 Rus 106-117 207-223 199-210 174-181 121-131 148-155 Ss 98-92 196-164 209-182 182-154 118-113 125-116 Sus 98-103 185-177 209-188 186-181 121-119 125-124 Table 4.39: Mean F0 values of all /u/ and /o/ vowels of all speaking tasks and all speakers. Vowels are grouped in pairs, within each pair, the value to the left represents the [+velar] vowel, the value to the right the [–velar, –lower pharyngeal] vowel. Statistically significant differences within each pair (p < 0.05) are marked in bold, in case of a negative t-value, the pair is additionally in italics. Legend as in Table 4.38. In spontaneous speech, in stressed positions, the i/e vowels are differentiated better than the u/o vowels, i.e. by five speakers vs. three speakers respectively. In unstressed positions, only one speaker differentiates the respective vowel pairs by F0. Therefore, F0 might act as an additional cue to differentiate the pre-palatal from the mid-palatal
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VOWELS IN STANDARD AUSTRIAN GERMAN
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Vowels in Standard Austrian German
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1. Introduction: Setting the Theore
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3 Vowels in Standard Austrian Germa
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11 Vowels in Standard Austrian Germ
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Hz 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 N
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� Speaker sp127: Student, male, 2
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4. Vowel inventory and features 51
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Spontaneous speech Long vowel + len
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Spontaneous speech Long vowel + len
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Page 77 and 78: Height 0 10 20 30 40 u i o ö ü e
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169 Vowels in Standard Austrian Ger
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6.2. Undershoot vs. Processes 179 V
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Therefore, it can be observed that
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c(xmin, xmax) 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0
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Variability coefficient 40,000 35,0
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6.6.3.4. The vowel /E/ 215 Vowels i
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6.6.3.6. The vowel /u/ 217 Vowels i
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z-score 5,00 4,00 3,00 2,00 1,00 0,
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Appendix 269 Vowels in Standard Aus
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